Name: POLINAG, TRISHA L.

Section: BSCpE-1B
NUCLEAR QUIZ
I. Write TRUE if the statement is correct, if false write the correct word.
Fission_1. Fusion is when one heavy Nucleus splits into two lighter ones.
_Alpha Radiation_2. Gamma radiation is when a radioactive element shoots out a helium atom,
minus the electrons.
_TRUE_3. Radioactive decay involves the spontaneous transformation of one element into
another.
_TRUE_4. Radioisotopes play a role in cancer treatment through radiation therapy, targeting and
destroying cancer cells.
_Natural sources_5. Manmade sources of ionizing radiation usually release ionizing radiation at
low levels.
II. IDENTIFICATION
1. What is Nuclear Stability?
- It is the stability of an atom's nucleus, which does not decay nor emmit
any kind of radioactivity.
2. Out of all the thousands of nuclides that exists‚ how many of them are stable?
- 250 nuclides
3. What is the energy harnessed from a Nuclear Reaction?
- Nuclear Energy
4. What is the main manmade sources of ionizing radiation?
- Medical diagnostic exam
5. How is a Fission reaction initiated?
- When a neutron hits/slams a heavy nucleus causing it to excite and split
into two lighter ones.
III. FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Nuclear radiation is sometimes called ionizing radiation.
2. Ionizing radiation is a form of energy that acts by removing electrons from atoms and
molecules of materials.
3. Ionizing activity can alter molecules within the cells of our body.
4. Half lives helps engineers and scientists understand how long a radioactive remains
hazardous
5. The small fraction of the potassium in our bodies is radioactive.
IV. ESSAY
1. What are the types of Particle in a Nuclear Reactions and define each type. (5 pts)
The different types of particle involve in nuclear reaction are protons,
which are the constituents of an atom's nuclei, it is a subatomic particle with a
 positive charge while alpha particles on the other hand, are the high-energy
helium (He) nuclei, compose of 2 protons & 2 neutrons; beta particles are high-
energy electrons with a negative charge and has no mass, it also can’t penetrate
through thick metal plates of lead and iron; then gamma rays, known as the
photons of very high-energy electromagnetic radiation with no charge and no
mass, and can travel long distances; last, the positrons, or the positively charged
electrons.

2. Among the four kinds of radiation, choose 2 kinds and describe it in your own words.
(5pts)

Two of the four kinds of radiation are Alpha Radiation and Beta Radiation,
which are type of radiation made out of particles, specifically the alpha and beta
particles. First Alpha radiation, this occurs when an atom become unstable, causing
alpha particles to be emitted in order to stabilized or restore balance in the ratio of
neutrons to protons. In this process, the alpha particles has a realtively high charge
but low velocity due to its large mass, which is why it has a high power power of
ionization but can’t penetrate through paper. Apart from that, it is the most dangerous
type, because of the extensive damage it can cause when it stops, alpha particles stops
hard and its energy is deposited in one place. Beta radiation on the other hand, arises
from beta decay, where in high-energy electron or positron are emitted due to the
radioactive decay of the atomic nucleus. In this process, the atom's mass will stay the
same, since there will be no changes in the total number of particles in the nucleus.
Compared to alpha radiation, beta particles in beta radiation are more penetrating
though it is smaller. This can pass through paper and even have enough energy to
enter human skin but it won’t be able to penetrate inside.