www.ti.

com Table of Contents

Application Note
TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference

Ivan Salazar
ABSTRACT
The TAS2563 device features the pulse-density modulation (PDM) microphone interface. This allows the smart
amplifier to be used in two-way audio applications with up to two digital microphones. In most two-way audio
applications, echo cancellation algorithms are implemented to avoid the audio played on the speaker to be
coupled on the microphone recording. The TAS2563 also features echo reference feedback data, helping
to significantly eliminate the speaker echo from the microphone recording. This document explains how to
configure TAS2563 for using these features and shows an example of how data is received back at the host
controller.

Table of Contents
1 PDM Microphone.....................................................................................................................................................................2
1.1 PDM Microphone Hardware Connections..........................................................................................................................2
1.2 PDM Input Function Modes................................................................................................................................................4
2 Echo Reference.......................................................................................................................................................................4
3 SDOUT Data Arrangement..................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Data Slot............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
3.2 Data Enable....................................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.3 Data Length........................................................................................................................................................................5
4 Practical Configurations Using PPC3...................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Tuning and Audio Processing............................................................................................................................................ 6
5 References.............................................................................................................................................................................. 8

List of Figures
Figure 1-1. PDM Connection Schematic..................................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 1-2. PDM Timing Diagram................................................................................................................................................ 2
Figure 1-3. PDM Hardware Connections.....................................................................................................................................3
Figure 1-4. PDM Channel Sampling............................................................................................................................................ 4
Figure 2-1. Echo Reference Loopback........................................................................................................................................ 4
Figure 4-1. Audio Modes............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Figure 4-2. PDM Microphone Gain.............................................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 4-3. SDOUT Data Configuration - Device Control............................................................................................................ 7
Figure 4-4. SDOUT Data Configuration - End System Integration.............................................................................................. 8

List of Tables
Table 1-1. PDM Microphone Connections................................................................................................................................... 3

Trademarks
PurePath™ and E2E™ are trademarks of Texas Instruments.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference 1
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
PDM Microphone www.ti.com

1 PDM Microphone
The TAS2563 supports PDM microphone inputs. Two PDM microphone inputs simplify the audio signal chain for
two-way audio systems, interfacing digital microphones with the host processor.
DF2SE
R11
OUT1+ VSENSE1+
0
R12
OUT1- VSENSE1-
0

1.8V VBAT

VBAT1
C22 C23
0.01uF 4.7uF C19 C18 C17 R22 C47
OUT1+
10 F 10 F 0.1 F 0 1 F
25V 25V
J12 R23 C48
OUT1-
VDD1 J10 0 1 F
GND GND VBAT1
IOVDD GND GND GND
SNUBBER GND

C24 C25
0.01uF 1 F U1
L2 OUT1+
D1 F5 OUT-1P R9 0
VBAT OUT_P
J13 D2
VBAT
IOVDD1 1uH D5 VSNS_P1 R18 0 J14
VSNS_P OUT1+
GND GND F1 C46 OUT1+
SW
F2 1 F OUT1-
SW
SW1 F3 D3 VSNS_N1 R19 0
SW VSNS_N OUT1-
OUT1
VDD1 C6 F6 OUT-1N R10 0
VDD OUT_N
IOVDD1 A6
IOVDD OUT1-
TP6 PVDD1 C20 C21
PVDD1
G1
VBST
C26 C27 C28 G2
VBST
1 F 10 F 10 F G3 C1 SDOUT1
ASI1 16V 25V 25V
VBST SDOUT1
AUX Connector
G4 A3 SDOUT2-1 GND GND
SBCLK1 PVDD SDOUT2
G5 J11
FSYNC PVDD
G6
SDIN1 PVDD OUT1+
GND GND GND
OUT1-
SBCLK1 B2 C5 IRQ1
SBCK1 IRQ
FSYNC B3 OUT1
ASI2 SDIN1 C2
FSYNC
SDIN1 DREG
B6 DREG1
SDOUT2-2
SBCLK1 A5 D4 GREG1
Digital Mic SDOUT2-2 A4
SBCLK2
SDIN2
GREG
J15 D6
GPIO GPIO1 SDOUT1
1 2 PCMCK1 A1
3 4 PDMD1 A2
PDMCK ASI1/ASI2
PDMD SDOUT2-1
F4
GNDD
PDM1 SCL_SEL1 B4 E6
SCL_SEL GNDP
SDA_MOSI B5 E5
SDA_MOSI GNDP
GND E4
SD B1
GNDD
E3
IRQ1 CONTROL
SD GNDB
SPII2C_MISO C3 E2
CONTROL SD
ADDR_SPICLK1 C4
SPII2C_MISO GNDB
E1 C29 C44
ADDR_SPICLK GNDB
1 F 0.01uF

I2C/SPI TAS2563YBGR
GND
SCL_SEL1

SDA_MOSI
Address = 0x98 GND GND
C30
PVDD1
SPII2C_MISO
0.1 F
ADDR_SPICLK1

Figure 1-1. PDM Connection Schematic

1.1 PDM Microphone Hardware Connections

Besides the power supply, the PDM microphone usually needs two signals to work. The two signals are PDM
CLK and PDM data. The PDM data can be available at the rising edge or falling edge of PDM CLK. Obtain
this data from the PDM Timing Diagram (illustrated in Figure 1-2) in the TAS2563 6.1-W Boosted Class-D Audio
Amplifier With Integrated DSP and IV Sense data sheet.

tSU(PDM) tHLD(PDM) tSU(PDM) tHLD(PDM)

PDM CLK

tr tf
PDM IN

Falling Edge Captured Rising Edge Captured

Figure 1-2. PDM Timing Diagram

The two PDM microphones can be connected together. One PDM microphone works at the CLK raising edge
and the other one works at the CLK failing edge. The chipset reads the data both at the raising edge and failing
edge but splits them. So, the chipset gets signals of the two PDM microphones.

2 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
www.ti.com PDM Microphone

For example, the PDM microphone has 5 pins, shown in Table 1-1. The SELECT pin can be set high or low to
determine which signal edge makes the microphone data available.
Table 1-1. PDM Microphone Connections
Pin # Pin Name Type Description
1 DATA Digital O PDM Output
Lo/Hi (L/R) Select
2 SELECT Digital I
Connect to VDD or GND
3 GROUND Power Ground
4 CLOCK Digital I Clock Input

5 VDD Power Power Supply

On the TAS2X63EVM, the two microphones are connected together, but the select pins are set to low or high in
different levels. The two microphones work independently in the system.
U30
IOVDD 5 1 PDMD_Mic
VDD DATA

PDMCK_Mic 4
CLK
IOVDD 2 3
SELECT GND
MMICT5818-00-012

U34 GND
IOVDD 5 1 PDMD_Mic
VDD DATA

PDMCK_Mic 4
CLK
2 3
SELECT GND
MMICT5818-00-012

GND GND

Figure 1-3. PDM Hardware Connections

SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference 3
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
PDM Microphone www.ti.com

1.2 PDM Input Function Modes

The TAS2563 provides one PDM input. Figure 1-4 illustrates the double data rate nature of the PDM input. It has
two interleaved PDM channels, one sampled by the rising edge and the other by the falling edge of the clock.

PDM CLK

PDM DATA

Rising
Channel

Falling
Channel
Figure 1-4. PDM Channel Sampling

The PDM inputs are sampled by the PDMCLK pin, which can be configured as either a PDM clock input or a
PDM clock output. The PDM_MIC_EDGE and PDM_MIC_SLV register bits select the sample clock edge and
output or input mode PDM clock signal. In output mode the PDMCLK pin can disable the clocks (and drive logic
0) by setting the PDM_GATE_PAD0 register bit low. When configured as a clock input, the PDM clock input does
not require a specific phase relationship to the system clock (SBCLK in TDM | I2S Mode), but must be from the
same source as the audio sample rate. This is equivalent to 64 | 32 |16 (about 3 MHz) or 128 | 64 | 32 (about
6 MHz) times a single | double | quadruple speed sample rate. The PDM rate is set by the PDM_RATE_PAD0.
When PDMCLK pin is configured as a clock output, the TAS2563 outputs a 50% duty cycle clock of frequency
that is set by the PDM_RATE_PAD0 and register bit (64 | 32 | 16 or 128 | 64 | 32 times a single | double |
quadruple speed sample rate).
The data from the PDM microphone will have digital gain up to 30 dB. The two microphones can have
independent gains.
2 Echo Reference
The TAS2563 supports echo reference feedback. This data stream is a loopback of the digital audio that the
amplifier is playing, just before it is processed by the digital-to-audio converter (DAC). It includes all effects
produced by the smart amp features such as EQ, DRC, speaker protection algorithm, and so forth.
This feature allows the user to do noise cancellation or echo correction algorithms. Figure 2-1 presents the block
diagram.

SDIN
Input Output DAC
DAC CLASS-D
DMA DMA modulator

Echo
ASI Audio
reference
interface engine
loopback
SDOUT V/I
Output Input
Decimation SENSE
DMA DMA
ADC

Figure 2-1. Echo Reference Loopback

4 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
www.ti.com SDOUT Data Arrangement

3 SDOUT Data Arrangement

The data slots for the transmitter (SDOUT) stream are always allocated in 8-bit slots, regardless of the data and
word length configuration for receiver, or playback data stream.
The PurePath™ Console 3 (PPC3) GUI is the best way to configure the device, as the tool automatically sets the
required register values depending on the user selections. However, if the user needs to configure each data slot
manually, the following aspects must be considered.
3.1 Data Slot
Each SDOUT data slot has a length of 8 bits, consider this when setting the value of registers 5–0 on each
register from 0x0B to 0x10. Each of these registers controls a different type of data, which can be different
depending on the output data configuration; Section 4 of this document shows an example of how this data can
change.
3.2 Data Enable
Similarly, each of these registers can set bit 6 to enable or disable the data output. This means different data
types can share the same slot configuration, as long as only one of them is enabled at a time.
3.3 Data Length
The bits 7–6 on register 0x08 (IVMON_LEN) set the length of the data specifically for I sense, V sense, PDM,
echo reference, estimated excursion, estimated temperature, audio in and audio out. Only three of these can
be output at the same time, and all of these will have the same data length based on IVMON_LEN settings. As
previously mentioned in this application note, the data length is independent of slot allocation, which is always
based on 8-bit slots. This means the user has to consider a higher count of slots depending on data length.

SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference 5
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
Practical Configurations Using PPC3 www.ti.com

4 Practical Configurations Using PPC3

The PurePath™ Console 3 (PPC3) software is the best way to properly configure TI smart amplifiers, due to its
complexity in register settings and internal processing features. This section considers the TAS2563 in a QFN
package and the PDM use-case.
4.1 Tuning and Audio Processing
When creating a new PPC3 tuning file, first go to the tuning and audio processing panel. The reason for this is
that either PDM or smart amp only configuration must be selected. This use-case covers the PDM mode.

Figure 4-1. Audio Modes

6 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
www.ti.com Practical Configurations Using PPC3

Once PDM is selected, the smart amp panel can be used to access the PDM microphone gain settings.

Figure 4-2. PDM Microphone Gain

In addition, the output data selection is available in two different options:

1. At Device Control -> TDM Transmitter -> Configure Slots device control panel -> transmitter -> configure
slots. Here the device can be configured as part of debugging on the EVM. Different types of data can be
included and the gear icon on the top right corner allows the user to select the data length.

Figure 4-3. SDOUT Data Configuration - Device Control

SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference 7
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
References www.ti.com

2. This can also be configured at the end-system integration, as part of the snapshot selection configuration.
Use the gear icon on the top right corner to access the different output data options.

Figure 4-4. SDOUT Data Configuration - End System Integration

5 References
• Texas Instruments, [FAQ] TAS2563: PDM Interface E2E™ forum
• Texas Instruments, TAS2x63EVM Evaluation Module user's guide
• Texas Instruments, TAS2563YBGEVM-DC Evaluation Module user's guide
• Texas Instruments, TAS2563 Device Features and Controls Overview application note
• Texas Instruments, Overview and training series for smart amps and PurePath™ Console 3 (PPC3) video
series

8 TAS2563 PDM Microphone Interface and Echo Reference SLAAE57 – JUNE 2022
Submit Document Feedback
Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated
 IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
TI PROVIDES TECHNICAL AND RELIABILITY DATA (INCLUDING DATA SHEETS), DESIGN RESOURCES (INCLUDING REFERENCE
DESIGNS), APPLICATION OR OTHER DESIGN ADVICE, WEB TOOLS, SAFETY INFORMATION, AND OTHER RESOURCES “AS IS”
AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD
PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
These resources are intended for skilled developers designing with TI products. You are solely responsible for (1) selecting the appropriate
TI products for your application, (2) designing, validating and testing your application, and (3) ensuring your application meets applicable
standards, and any other safety, security, regulatory or other requirements.
These resources are subject to change without notice. TI grants you permission to use these resources only for development of an
application that uses the TI products described in the resource. Other reproduction and display of these resources is prohibited. No license
is granted to any other TI intellectual property right or to any third party intellectual property right. TI disclaims responsibility for, and you
will fully indemnify TI and its representatives against, any claims, damages, costs, losses, and liabilities arising out of your use of these
resources.
TI’s products are provided subject to TI’s Terms of Sale or other applicable terms available either on ti.com or provided in conjunction with
such TI products. TI’s provision of these resources does not expand or otherwise alter TI’s applicable warranties or warranty disclaimers for
TI products.
TI objects to and rejects any additional or different terms you may have proposed. IMPORTANT NOTICE

Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright © 2022, Texas Instruments Incorporated