XRD

A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change

Perkembangan Material Modern

Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral

Agus Purwanto, Ph.D Synthesis

Extraction

agus.purwanto@cipta-mikro-material.com
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary
PT. Cipta Mikro Material
http://www.cipta-mikro-material.com/
YouTube & IG: cipta_mikro_material

14 December 2022

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 XRD
Tantangan A. Purwanto

added out of
Tantangan
value jobs
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
industrial tech.
Industrial Competitiveness
higher Technology Singularity
GDP compet- singularity disrup-
tion Modern Industry
itiveness Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

National Summary
Security

natural climate
water
resources change

critical
min-
erals
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Global Surface Temperature (W/m2)
XRD

A. Purwanto
https://climate.nasa.gov/climate_resources/189/graphic-
Tantangan
temperature-vs-solar-activity/ Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Greenland’s Ice Sheet Is Melting
XRD

A. Purwanto
https://medium.com/@globalmillenial/greenlands-ice-sheet-
Tantangan
is-melting-8e946fb3e565 Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Near McMurdo Station, Antartica
XRD

A. Purwanto
https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/science/article/h
Tantangan
antarctic-melting-above-below-ice-sheet Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Perusahaan Kelapa Sawit
XRD

A. Purwanto
Polusi chloride and phosphate at Sungai Sajingan Kecil dan
Tantangan
Sambas Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

https://grain.org/en/article/6578-toxic-river-the-fight-to-reclaim-water-
from-oil-palm-plantations-in-indonesia, published 4 Dec 2020, by Ecoton,
Gemawan, Grain, Kruha.

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Sungai Citarum
XRD

A. Purwanto
Polusi Industri Jawa Barat di Sekitar Citarum
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-
reads/article/2180655/indonesia-cleaning-citarum-worlds-dirtiest-river,
published 5 Jan 2019, by Nadine Freischlad.
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 XRD
Critical Minerals A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Revolutions
XRD

A. Purwanto
Revolutions that disrupt how people do things
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
1 Industry 1.0 (Machine Revolution): Manpower Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness

→ machine power Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
2 Industry 2.0 (Technological Revolution, Critical Mineral
Synthesis

1760-1840): superior electrical technology Extraction

Characterization

Industry 3.0 (Digital Revolution, 1950):

Sonication
3
Application

4
Industry 4.0 (Automation Revolution, 2011): Summary

scalability (cloud tech.), security (cloud tech.),

control & visibility (transparancy), customer
satisfaction (complete customer-manufacturer
communication), customization (3D Printer)
5
Industry 5.0 (Human-automated machine
Revolution, next)
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Technology Singularity
XRD

A. Purwanto
Human vs Machine Intelligence
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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 XRD
Artificial Intelligence A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Sophia, Hanson Roboticsa GPT-3, OpenAI, E. Muskb Summary

a
Setelah Lukisannya Laku Rp
10 Miliar, Robot Humanoid Sophia Kini Merambah Dunia Musik,
https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2021/04/10/212658770/setelah-
lukisannya-laku-rp-10-miliar-robot-humanoid-sophia-kini-
merambah. Bernadette Aderi Puspaningrum, Kompas.com,
10/04/2021
b
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqbB07n_uQ4

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AI Embedded Technology
XRD

A. Purwanto
Technology Disruption
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

just walkout, Amazon delivery squad Summary

Dr Peter Scott-Morgan, Neuralink, E. Musk,

motor neuron disease .
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invasive
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 XRD
Opportunity A. Purwanto

trans-
meso electro- Tantangan
micro porta-
nics Climate Change
tion
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness

characteri- Technology Singularity

macro defense application energy
zation Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
system
Sonication
Reduce Application

Raw Ma- Reuse Summary

terials Recycle
Replace

extrac-
tion
processing automation

purifi- synthe- mecha-

AI
cation size tronics
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Bangka Tin Sand
XRD

A. Purwanto
O is not critical mineral
30000 observed Tantangan
calculated Climate Change

Intensity (arb. unit) obs-cal Climate Change

Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness

10000 Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
-10000
Characterization
Sonication
20 40 60 80
Application
Scattering Angle (deg.)
Summary

Atom % At % Wt Mass
Sn 19.01 56.92 118.7
O 66.14 26.79 16
P 1.619 1.236 30.97
Y 0.4547 1.031 88.91
Si 9.449 6.456 28.09
Zr 0.3943 1.002 91.22
Ti 1.33 1.893 47.87
Ce 1.428 4.388. . . . . . . . . . 140.1
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Metal Organic Framework
XRD

A. Purwanto
part of reticular chemistry
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY | (2019) 2:86 |

https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-019-0184-6 | www.nature.com/commschem
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 XRD
Thermal Invisibility A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

Graphene-Based Adaptive Thermal Camouflage, Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 7,

4541–4548

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 XRD
Metal Organic Framework A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Lithium Extraction
XRD

A. Purwanto
using MOF
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

https://scope.mergeflow.com/new-technologies-for-lithium-extraction/

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 XRD
Geothermal Plant Li Extraction A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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 XRD
Dialysis / Penyaringan A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

T. Hoshino / Desalination 359 (2015) 59–63.

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Silica SEM morphology
XRD

A. Purwanto
after 480 s sonication
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Scanning Electron Microscope
XRD

A. Purwanto
Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Read-Write Device
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

Phys. Rev. Lett., 106, 057204, 2011.

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X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
XRD

A. Purwanto
showing broader peaks for nanocrystal
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity
a
XRD pattern of (a) Modern Industry

TiO2 (b) Fe-TiO2 and Critical Mineral

Synthesis

(c) Ce-TiO2 prepared

Extraction
Characterization

by sonochemical
Sonication
Application

method Summary

a
Carbon Alloys:
Novel Concepts to
Develop
Carbon Science & Tech.,
Elsevier 2003

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MOF in SEM,TEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS
XRD

A. Purwanto
Cu-doped Co/CoO/NC NPAs@CP
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

A lightweight and low-cost electrode for lithium-ion batteries derived from

paper towel supported MOF arrays, Chem. Commun.,. . . 2020,56,
. . . . . . .5847-5850
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 XRD

A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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 XRD
High Energy Density of Metal-Air A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Aluminum Air Battery
XRD

A. Purwanto
4Al + 3O2 + 6H2O → 4Al(OH)3 + energy
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

Tesla 310 miles, Phinergy aluminum-air car 1,800 miles. No electricity

charging needed (especially helpfull if there are no charging station
infrastructure yet) and weight 1/5 of Li-ion battery.
https://www.21stcentech.com/aluminum-air-battery-powered-car-travels-
1800-kilometers-recharge/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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 XRD
Al-air Battery Principle A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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Photon Computer, LightMatter
XRD

A. Purwanto
might be 20× faster than electron computer
Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Critical Mineral
Synthesis
Extraction
Characterization
Sonication
Application

Summary

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 XRD
Take Home Message A. Purwanto

Tantangan
Climate Change
Climate Change
Natural Resources
Industrial Competitiveness
Technology Singularity

Modern Industry
Materials science has a broad scope, but of Critical Mineral
Synthesis

paramount importance for various technology Extraction

Characterization

applications. Sonication
Application

Materials science enables us to mitigate Summary

climate change and to productively participate

in the 4.0 industrial revolution.

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