I Sin Argentwomenmat isgetthe

I I
Balts)
difference

tocrossessdep
25

Orbital Angular momentum, L mch -2

I 1
J
=

Ophital magnetic momentMorb

Mis Mc
4
=
=

it
4

Insulatorliteralagere
Ferromagnetic
*
(where
Wtofangular
momentin
component
Mc 2
=
98SE
-
EuO, Eus, Euse
sungetically ->

total:1
ag
whereMs=Wmponento n y55-s
(d2)/
+
=
I ~

attentiatingorsothe
l secute EltEr
Me: -1,-lt...1-1, j
EitE2+

always
Bi MnO3 +K

ineaten anatanarrantini
:I
-

k J
S e
+

-
innetinwork
mount to

is magnate
not YsFesO12
I ms: $ st... SH, s I FM
grows
exchange
-
-- ·J: int.
-

->
Mis
gane
I
mn)
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coloumbwep.
.
et

of spin Density
in TM:
opposed EI, Ec:

FN;
waves
Enugy in
* FM A Formation
as Cul 1
·

-
isolated it
X
unitcell o
chain-Doubly open
gap
at
IP D respective orbitals.

finan
3d
magnetic:eater to promote e
bands:
uneb covers *
Magnolim
in TMOs
as occupied energy -
While
drawing Cus
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high spin-5)
'5'n
accounted for,
dimensing
on
MnO (mn
the

een gaps is
1)

it ur" wet
is
by
iwantto
either ECH) < EC4
-> f- f SE

umont
or vice versa
Arm
wype AE

ischap ina "negunjanous

->

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ex
.

d band Tendency If at a

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:
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s
alom ARM spills
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as" 368 metals

analgae
ee
·
FM in

"wash
8
e to e SE
·eg:
with
Magnebrentance: in is states
*
change · insulator 3d4

muts, int

Grismt onthin
e:
now
high energy
case FM
energy system
- in

set
band
>
minmonstrain the
were are

gaps I
bancallyAtm, genesa
reason:to
involved via o

a by
checkerboard

BiMnOs
arrangenemle 3644445ga
G tatterann
e

·observed in metals
mulklayered
forthe
separated by Is real so not
proble
layer oil? system:
armor 3D
mageorderia
FM

Feer'
2 .2 -

thatlowsm
findduration
Fe AFM & ration
t
↑ ·Min 2
depends on
out, Verway Transition [I"siate]
energy through
·

h act.
+measure
a
M
meaning
FM, AFM, FM... * How to measure Arm? Nuelwondifraction

cause non-integer
gene size superelle
as
1) moment
am as autous are sensitive to
magnets

L
> t
e:
simple or
as
cmrity I
paning through
X
to
2 RKKY interaction
an introduced
pointmagnet
moment ->

AFM
the
reflection
appear
x
meanarmma
In around it
align
Im ...

further away Adv:nuchon difframprlude due to diff. elements

enwini
e-cemysotunnel easy

wanna
4
4
elements
are delt -> so can
distingrid biw

winnettinspira
d
Alechardso e-tunnels
· d5

Bias "After
*
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I 1) Less aloumb repulsion

-
-

inanintoitin
+5

4bitos, Batios, cinos,

:
RTaus

is nol-IS
eg:
FM itupsets the EM/AFM ii) LP A site cations
⑰ IP
I
-

for
Solution to SE. Notation:
interface so itdoesn'talter! i) PIB
4n
singen), En=nazis
*
Glazer Pb+2, Bits
bc eg:
=
+
2
py

a
· a
is ppe
yie"(rul, 0s"
neon
* ta
56" additional I
magnetoresitance:observed repeatletter for identical
=

collosal MOs
En=
in a 46 (82):af" o

T. metal oxides) is ·0:Xrotation

Pyt2:If As" 6S
due displaument
[perovskite based
-

Isolated arom/unperturbed centre

it
its
+: inphase
sup gefrom

1
5 in with Bi (83):Ifa
>again
R

>(2a,(a) Mn83
S 4 = -

s- i => o -: out
of phase
Bits:I f(d*s

I
General
* behaviour FES:3) Temperature depending
o
I 1) Size a size
calm:itsmall
Assocation
* Ferroelectric material: of 'B' notenough room for B
& - cic -> FE, ofcentred

"WereTo
site cations it offcentre
switchable EF & T) - >PE,
centosym.
Fandlestic Defuton:ii) by *FE
en 50 o
T

affects F
... no

i) paancon
=>

paem= t ==

P*,: pyreledic
in
occurse)area
i) romtim/tilhry

Dipole moment i 191.5 -

& E=0, structure

P Fo
reorients -

a) Dielectric onponse: Delhicsemibilty y ⑬ cooperative displacement

get
net
=

we

(cm)
I
Non-polar
a
a od(*)

blue strain
polar
s ite
A cations are quenched
2) coupling
and ·
eT TC, PE
g

Exions:is wrgiteyblaxbutnotswitchne
=

unstable

I
>T structure is
Tc
structure
~ i due
is to So in
results
huge
a
~smature ->
stain & TCTC:
stablePhaseEner!
but route in current flow? ↳E
strain
stable,
ratio ydis,blu nearto the
0.9<t<1:Penovskite FE
· All FE Piezoelectic, pyretic
=
& Tolerance Factor:
0.71 20.9:Rotationn o itn

I(As unia
t lldouble,num gone ene
have

mecrarily
it

?Muste unstable
Butviceveral not as
may to
rol
-

I C0.71:Penous
notb e switchabl umran
 f
Landa
theory:rounder G(i)
Freedmenegy * Perturbation Yu (hY*
theory:Aponximation
* ie
Techmem solve SE
We
mEn
to
2 assume =

known
=I

amenity
a
system
as
g 4* Yn=En" in
values

unperturbed system: Cr=<4is* IHC Yu'7

Permibed / whatwe
wantto solve:1 * E4
=

En!" -Es
system
↳
fites- gim's
Nno

itinto... GE E!)
-l
(0b
what unknown
Yk
unknown ~ Yn=
po kF En(0) -E,0)
for + -

Y bYn' 44".) ↳ term is

correction
simply
the is
minted
softens it +

As it, -
+

of expectation
value all other

mrbution
E q
* Quantum Paradulric:SrTiO3
large =>
Firtroder correction to
E? <4n!"(442107 to
perturbation
Hamiltonian e
1
justexpectation
FE!
=

is the
become
energy
a
does not
o At TST2, the
system
inversely
in

Because M (P):cG
15
·the e-tunnels
Manistonian ii) related to difference energy
W
value
of first
the under)
peiturbation to
incloser tension
easibi with unperturbed 440
blu * and

I
* perturbation
theory applied
to FESS055
effect: ③ En= <4n'" ln/4! + 5 /4*In 14n42

Ntetenwisenewerinme orin!a.e
kF4
En! E,o

mede I

En)
for ground
- Ex is
state i.e

always negative/energy lowering

Enlo) is
always
lowest a

meaning

DegennaiisnormalitswumtoEnterinteres
-

imperturbed FEfavouredin
yperturbedfuture
a

emegy
·

Sinns inni)(i)==()
distortion
polar
E! **
H4 where :
·n =
+
* 505T
I b
tre (disfavours FE) - ve (favours FE)

acusts Yos
of I
correction to
Eon EC:25t order
(just) energy
a to- Ku
value
Eigen
+
·
Er =
·

(4)
1.
state
ground
state
ground redor => 2st order correchon to N
eigen
n
K=

energy,of
pelled
eggledsystem LYP"Yie not, grassecastnine-
Ed :Final E E(0) (=E(1))
+
degenuacy)
(lifts

ast
=

too to #decules

for monthanly
4:even allowed
change
Sweeteneranen
to

-
as
itisaddedpation
in min,
gene

charge FED4 BECI

anteringplaya Bingenting ↳up displacement

Eftechve
way of funding
out
tendency
Born
p *
Polarization:
* -> a to be

only attenna
o in is measurable

BECt"le I on inBieberan
I
ger
·8gur
p=191.2 on sialine
p
Ep
=
where
·

entinentI int
muhferric:
non-genp
* to make 02-

ways
absence
have:11 i) In
S

Ewen lattice of
centrosymmetric
*
* can
measurement difference blw 20 and phonome at
to 5 point
energy than phonoy BEC
unitcell (3) unit have higher energy
to &

Cf* depending of BEC:

(2) on same to phonors

(depending origin) ry/m-sI

* Breakdown Band the brambom:
but
tell value on
a
opp repubron
raution ever
Eg.
a
due to
lattice: P(a bP2) 0
Not transition:M-I
caring
Bolanzation se -- 2
=

-
+

incent
ppinscalin
nonPolar
i
LCA0 picture
↳ S
X

uniquely refined. Linniiimeich ⑰

->
not
Ea
<Inscal+

H -
=
D. (s,xS2) =) allocal Beth inscal+
4g 0
Pg 2g
-

StO -20g
-

i)
+

[x+ B(eine-ine)] Inx<ul

->

i) -g-1+8+
2]
LAO
always umgen Bandwidth:1B

I
E &TIPLOSK2
=

inversion
I
non-unhosymmetic lattice: waswire ↑ E

Gubbardmodel putitis
centrosymmchic.Polar
amenite, it
initia
latice is not
a
polaryation P. G

in
=> 34
general
case:
e- or
(Localyede If)
↳rare earth (Lanthanides
B:Bandwidth/e-delicalyalion
- Ex

initions
Fomr. site ->:
ataya a. A

From it
I
U =
Usurf= Lanthanide:small A and tim
-

I
i

⑦
FE quence ~in solid, U<I-Abecause
of
Pawn Ispon Peayer +Pa state
rotations ->

ne
so ~
I

Part
-
-

->
=

+
sweening.
(f7_:: magnetic,
semmators metal
Ent (wan)
win

best
Departs
·

·Connelen magnetic adoring) I

ta

tilting!) I
on
site (no

wnntunainwereare
exposed layer
I
laye
A
egz:TOMnOS (spiral
Geometric:rotated octahedra for 4 ex where spiral
In) we saw an
per
Interfaces:/ Polar discontinuities
in favours!
in

,
*
structures FE
ordering
cancelled out
any effective
layered
W
->
-> er

ording promotes

it so e
this
system.
in Here,

BioB
Ba*Fa
ri) BaNity:
layered
air
eg:
4: Fe/colNilan/Mg (LacTieOn issurgenting:eg: Fexo,

⑲ (La,C) MnOx

*
unchangeintransistere
Insulator

Ialter:
pm,

magnant meat

xeit
no seman egatemis
u a 1 an
formation taye,
=

band
chemical
<na)". metallic!

acro
and not AH
an"
-

Driven:
in) Magnetically Smaller anare ene
is
ii Magnetism Imakes -> removes invocentre (i.e
@° active
55 Imnts (muts
2) XNiOs (RE
Nicklates) -> i) MOH (Ni-o-wi bands)
KO
polar),
it
located m I because
zu
downtea
chage ordering
-> irculator as i are -

FE!
GGSSa:Dint switchable
·
I
-

to correcto ?: ii) 5Tdetortion (i)

chays dipropanonation
*
ways +t+
3 +4 3 x 4 3
[5T] (a)
+

became polar
+ + +

uraure- siature

compensating change/doping step structures

beenenginestotem
is v)
moment space invomon symmetric invsym-
single magnet
-

·
0
I (4B(v) for net 0

sitenot
Depende
=

rotates moments
plane arrangemento f magnetic
1) in
-

octo -> space

invamon symmetric
vi) rotation
of
FM
duel or *
CtyerAtm, for m-I
i)
system depolaryaccumulated experimentally
detect reason

x"xa's"pest"
to reason

ways
yayadAtmay inYam su",""Bug"I"in"s
·

iv) In Sto, Quantum PE

prefers to be FE A cancel 5

DirectPej. * a -

-
Ditraction:InccuivalentN i

Nuchon ditt:studies in (when

atoms

all
((D)
-> same," (55)