Name and describe three (3) strategies that are used in promoting a child's listening

skills? Name and describe three (3) strategies that are used in promoting a child's
speaking skills? Name and describe three (3) advantages in learning a second language
in early childhood?

Strategies to Improve Listening skills

1. Playing Games
There is a wide variety of games and activities that may be used to help your kid develop
better listening abilities. Activities like playing a guessing game with a bag of loud items and
instruments are great options for younger children. Getting kids of all ages to pay attention
with games like "I Spy" and "Simon Says" is also very effective. (Sword, 2021)

2. Employing activities like cooking

Cooking is a fantastic activity for helping older kids develop their listening skills. Your kid
will have to pay close attention since they have to follow the recipe exactly. The no-bake
alternatives are great for younger children since they don't need the use of hot ovens, while
the more involved recipes are great for older children. (Ana, 2019)

3. Reading to children
We typically think about story time as a technique of helping our children go asleep. Story
time may enhance your child’s listening abilities if you take it to the next level. It's not
enough to just read to your kids before bed; you may also discuss what you've read. As the
narrative develops, ask your kid what they anticipate will happen next and take pauses
throughout the story to discuss what has been going on. Doing so will help your kid stay
focused on the narrative. To emphasize the words you're reading aloud, point to them as you
pronounce them. The children's subsequent linguistic growth is aided by this practice because
it helps them make the connection between hearing and reading. (Sword, 2021)

Strategies to Improve Speaking skills

1. Have open-ended conversations with kids
Teachers may aid in the development of students' oral communication skills by asking more
open-ended questions. Rather of expecting a predetermined response, questions of this sort
encourage the youngster to draw from his or her own experiences and knowledge. More so
than in closed-ended question-and-answer forms, open-ended questions allow for the
exploration of subjective ideas and emotions. Teachers may encourage student participation
in class discussions by asking students open-ended questions and by not dominating class
discussions with their own talking. By modelling appropriate turn-taking in conversation,
teachers may help their children develop a healthy respect for their own thoughts and
perspectives and encourage them to speak out without worrying that they will be corrected.
(Nancy, 2020)

2. Encouraging Self-talk
Self-talk is another kind of internal dialogue that may be fostered to aid student
communication. Taking part in one's own internal thought life is an example of self-talk. This
may be a good or bad thing depending on the context, and it can be fostered to improve one's
ability to learn and retain new information, solve issues, deal with stress, and think creatively.
An understanding of self-talk might make a youngster feel less alone, as they will realise that
this method of thinking is shared by all people. It provides a framework for understanding
and integrating new knowledge. (Nancy, 2020)

3. Narration
Providing a youngster the chance to narrate a tale means giving them the chance to describe
the narrative in their own terms. Through these kinds of interactions with the text, children's
language skills are developed and their comprehension of what they are reading is enhanced.
It's a great chance for teachers to gauge the students' progress in speaking, writing, and
speaking. (Nancy, 2020)

Advantages of learning a second language in early childhood

1. Boost academic achievement
Indirectly, a child's academic success is influenced by the cognitive advantages of learning a
second language. Children who learn a second language often outperform their monolingual
peers on IQ tests and other standardised assessments due to their superior reading, writing,
and arithmetic abilities. (Lead, 2022)

2. Develops cultural sensitivity

Young children who are given the opportunity to learn a second language often develop a
more favorable perspective on the civilizations to which such languages belong. They get
access to aspects of the world they would have missed out on if they hadn't taken the time to
learn a new language. (Lead, 2022)
 3. Improved Cognitive Abilities
Learning a second language has been shown to improve cognitive abilities such as memory,
focus, and multitasking, as well as to foster growth in problem-solving, critical-thinking, and
listening capacities. Children who learn a second language show indicators of increased
imagination and adaptability. (Lead, 2022)

How do each of the following affect a child’s language development: gender,

socioeconomic status and culture

Children's language development is influenced by a wide range of variables, including but

not limited to their family's financial situation, gender, and cultural

Language development is only one of several mental and physical health outcomes that may
be impacted by a person's socioeconomic situation. Indeed, deficits in vocabulary,
phonological awareness, and syntax may be seen throughout many different stages of
development when people live in poverty, making this a potentially robust indicator of
disadvantage in other areas of development as well. It is probable that poverty has negative
consequences on language, either via effects on parenting or through greater stress, both of
which may be detectable and treatable at earlier ages. The cognitive processes necessary for
language acquisition are very stress-sensitive, and research has linked poverty to impairments
in these areas. (Perkins, Finegood, & Swain, 2013)

Girls, on average, learn a language ahead of guys. Girls also tend to employ more complex
vocabulary and more complex word combinations than guys do. These distinctions between
the sexes may be found in a wide range of languages and cultural contexts. There might be a
number of reasons why the sexes vary in their linguistic potential. A child's interaction with
others in the community may have an impact on their linguistic development. For instance,
when surrounded by their peers, males and girls may utilise language differently.
Additionally, adults may have varying levels of respect for males and females. Natural
disparities between the sexes might also exist. There may be gender differences in the brain
circuitry that supports language development in boys and girls. Some of the linguistic
diversity in childhood may also be attributable to hormonal changes. (Wilder, n.d.)

Psychologists and developmental theorists believe that a child's linguistic abilities are
influenced by his or her culture. It's great that kids are learning to express themselves in ways
that are true to their backgrounds. Culture's influence on young children's linguistic
development may be seen in their word choices. Consider the fact that many ethnic and
linguistic groups have their own lexical conventions for describing universal ideas.
Moreover, there are substantial variations in the pragmatic use of language from one culture
to another. (StudyCorgi, 2021).

References
Ana. (2019, February 1). How to Promote Listening Skills in Your Child. From Froddo:
https://www.froddo.com/how-to-promote-listening-skills-in-your-child
Lead. (2022). Why Learn Languages. From Lead with languages:
https://www.leadwithlanguages.org/why-learn-languages/early-childhood-
elementary/#:~:text=Research%20shows%20that%20learning%20a,enhanced
%20creativity%20and%20mental%20flexibility.
Nancy. (2020, July 4). Promoting Speaking and Listening Skills in Children. From
https://study.com/academy/lesson/promoting-speaking-and-listening-skills-in-
children.html
Perkins, S., Finegood, E., & Swain, J. (2013). Poverty and Language Development: Roles of
Parenting and Stress. Innov Clin Neurosci, 10-19.
StudyCorgi. (2021, May 10). Cultural Influences on Language Development. From
StudyCorgi: https://studycorgi.com/cultural-influences-on-language-development/
#:~:text=The%20choice%20of%20words%20in,from%20one%20culture%20to
%20another.
Sword, R. (2021, March 2021). Supporting Language Development in the Early Years. From
High Speed Training: https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/supporting-language-
development-in-the-early-years/
Wilder, A. (n.d.). Gender Differences in Language Development and Disorder. From DLD
and Me: https://dldandme.org/gender-differences-in-language-development-and-
disorder/