Ejercicio 3

Realizar el diagrama momento – curvatura para la sección presentada de 35x50 cm, con un
recubrimiento libre de 3 cm. Realice los cálculos volviendo la sección efectiva (transformación del
acero en concreto)

Concreto
𝐹´𝑐 = 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (Resistencia del concreto)

𝜀𝑐𝑐 = 0.002 (Deformación concreto confinado)

𝜀𝑐𝑢 = 0.003 (Deformación unitaria del concreto)

𝜀𝑒𝑠𝑝 = 0.004 (Deformación del concreto descascarado)

Acero
𝐹´𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (Resistencia del acero)

𝐸𝑠 = 200000 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (Módulo de elasticidad)

𝜀𝑠𝑢 = 0.1 (Deformación última del acero)

𝜀𝑠𝑦 = 0.002 (Deformación unitaria acero)

Imagen 1. Sección de viga 35 cm x 50 cm

Punto A - Cracking

𝑏 ⋅ℎ3 (350 𝑚𝑚) ⋅ (500 𝑚𝑚)3

𝐼𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎 = = = 3.645 ⋅ 10 9
12 12

𝐹𝑟 = 0.7 ⋅ √𝐹´𝑐 (𝑀𝑝𝑎) = 0.7 ⋅ √35 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 4.141 𝑀𝑝𝑎

1
𝑌 = 500 𝑚𝑚 ⋅ = 250 𝑚𝑚
2

𝐹𝑟 ⋅ 𝐼𝐵𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎
𝑀 𝑐𝑟𝑡 =
𝑌

( 4.141 𝑀𝑝𝑎 ⋅ 3.645 ⋅ 10 9 𝑚𝑚 4 )

𝑀 𝑐𝑟𝑡 =
(250 𝑚𝑚)

𝑀 𝑐𝑟𝑡 = 60.3 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚

60. 3 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚
∅𝐴 =
(4700 ⋅ √35 𝑀𝑃𝑎) ⋅ (0.00364 𝑚 4 )

∅𝐴 = 0.000595 𝑚 −1
Punto B - Yieling

𝐴𝑠 (0.000287 𝑚 2)(4)
𝜌 = 𝑏⋅𝑑
= (0.35 𝑚)⋅(0.44 𝑚 )
= 0.00745 (Refuerzo Inferior)

𝐴𝑠´ (0.000127 𝑚 2)(2)

𝜌´ = 𝑏⋅𝑑
= (0.35 𝑚)⋅(0.44 𝑚 )
= 0.00164 (Refuerzo superior)

𝐸𝑠
𝑛 =
𝐸𝑐

200000 𝐾𝑃𝑎
𝑛 = = 7.192
4700 ⋅ √35 𝑀𝑃𝑎

0.5
(0.00164)(0.06)
𝐾 = [(0.00745 + 0.00164)2 ⋅ (7.192) 2 + 2 (7.192) [0.00745 + ]]
(0.44)

… . − (0.00745 + 0.00164)(7.192)

𝐾 = 0.2689

(0.35)[(0.2689)(0.44)]3
𝐼𝑐𝑟𝑡 = + (7.192 − 1) ⋅ (0.000127 ⋅ 2) ⋅ (0.1183 − 0.06)2
3

… . + (7.192)(0.000287 ⋅ 4) ⋅ (0.44 − 0.1183)2

𝐼𝑐𝑟𝑡 = 0.001053 𝑚 4
 (420000)(0.001053)
𝑀𝐵 = = 191.15 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚
(7.912)(0.44) − (0.1183)

191.15 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚 1
∅𝐵 = ⋅ = 0.00652 𝑚 −1
(4700√35 𝑀𝑃𝑎) ⋅ (0.001053 𝑚 4) 1000

Punto C – Spalling

𝛼1 = 0.88
𝛽1 = 0.9

Para un valor de P =0 se utiliza C= 0.03951

𝑇𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 ⋅ 𝑓𝑠 = (0.000287 ⋅ 4) ⋅ (420000 𝐾𝑃𝑎 ) = 482.16 𝑘𝑁

𝐶´𝑠 = 𝐴´𝑠 ⋅ (𝑓´𝑠 − 𝛼1 ⋅ 𝑓´𝑐) = (0.000127 ⋅ 2) ⋅ (420000 𝐾𝑃𝑎 − 0.88 ⋅ 35000 𝐾𝑃𝑎) = 98.85 𝑘𝑁

𝐶𝑐 = 𝛼1 ⋅ 𝑓´𝑐 ⋅ 𝑏 ⋅ 𝛽1 ⋅ 𝐶 = (0.88) ⋅ (35000 𝐾𝑃𝑎)(0.35 𝑚)(0.90) ⋅ (0.03951) = 383.32 𝑘𝑁

𝑃 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶´𝑠 − 𝐹𝑠 = 383.32 𝑘𝑁 + 98.85 𝑘𝑁 − 482.16 𝑘𝑁 = 0.02 𝑘𝑁

(0.9)(0.03951)
𝑀𝑐 = (383.32 𝑘𝑁) (0.44 𝑚 − ) + (98.85 𝑘𝑁 )(0.44 − 0.06) = 199.40 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚
2

𝜀𝑠𝑝 0.004
∅𝑐 = = = 0.101 𝑚 −1
𝑐 0.03951

Punto D – Hook Fracture

 𝐵𝑐 = 0.35 𝑚 − 0.03 𝑚 ⋅ 2 = 0.29 𝑚

2
1 𝜋
2 (2 ⋅ 0.0254 𝑚) ⋅ 4 ⋅ 420𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓2 = = 4.59 𝑀𝑝𝑎
(0.29 𝑚 )(0.08)

𝑛𝑙 = 4

4−2 0.08 𝑚
𝐾𝑒 = ⋅ (1 − ) = 0.362
4 0.29 𝑚

𝑓2𝑒 = (0.362) ⋅ (4.59 𝑀𝑝𝑎) = 1.66 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓2𝑒 1.66 𝑀𝑃𝑎

= = 0.0558
𝐶 ⋅ 𝑓´𝑐 (0.85)(35 𝑀𝑃𝑎)

Del grafico:

𝑓´𝑐𝑐
= 1.1
𝐶 ⋅ 𝑓´𝑐

𝑓´𝑐𝑐 = (1.1)(0.85)(35 𝑀𝑃𝑎) = 32.725 𝑀𝑃𝑎

32.725 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜀𝑐𝑐 = 0.002 ⋅ (1 + 5 ( − 1)) = 0.003
(0.85)(35 𝑀𝑃𝑎)

𝜀𝑐𝑐𝑢 0.0159
= = 5.3
𝜀𝑐𝑐 0.003

𝐾 = 1.1
Según grafico 𝛼1 = 0.58 𝑦 𝛽1 = 1.1
 𝑑 𝑐 = 0.44 𝑚 − 0.03 𝑚 = 0.41 𝑚

𝑑´𝑐 = 0.0127 𝑚 + 0.0063 = 0.019 𝑚

Se estima el valor de C para lograr el equilibrio de P = 0 y se obtiene que C = 0.04477

0.004
𝐶𝑠𝑝 = ⋅ 0.05876 = 0.0148
0.0159

(0.29 − 0.05876)
𝜀𝑠 = 0.0159 ⋅ = 0.063
0.05876

(0.05876 − 0.019)
𝜀´𝑠 = 0.0159 ⋅ = 0.011
0.05876

𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓´𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑇𝑠 = 482.16 𝑘𝑁

𝐶´𝑠 = 101.859 𝑘𝑁
𝐶𝑐 = 24.586 𝑘𝑁

𝐶𝑐𝑐 = 355.778 𝑘𝑁

𝑀𝑑 = 181.877 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚

0.0159
∅𝑑 = = 0.271 𝑚 −1
0.05876

Grafica momento curvatura