VITTEING SENIOR HIGH/TECHNICAL SCHOOL

END OF 1STRD TERM EXAMS-NOVEMBER 2023

CLASS: SHS2 SUBJECT: BIOLOGY TIME: 2HR:15MIN

SECTION A

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.4OMARKS

1. A population with a relatively large proportion of adults will

A. be crowded
B. decline
C. expand
D. remain stationary

2. Which of these is NOT an adaptive feature for arboreal life?

A. Possession of long tail
B. Possession of claws
C. Possession of teeths
D. counter shading in coat colour

3. Which of the following is true of climax community?

A. it persists until the environment or climate changes
B. it changes drastically from one year to the next
C. it is first stage in succession
D. It is made up of the tallest trees and the smallest

4. Mutualism is exhibited by
A. tapeworm living in the gut of man
B. yellow dodder growing on milk bush
C. platycerium growing on a palm tree
D. rhizobium living in the root nodule of groundnut

5. Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to affect the animals living in a fresh water
habitat?
A. Turbidity
B. Temperature
C. pH
D. Salinity

6. Which group of plants would be the first colonizers in an ecological succession changing
rocks to soil?
A. Mosses
B. Ferns
C. Lichens
D. Grasses
7. Colonization of a bare rock surface is termed
A. evolution
B. specification
C. primary succession
D. secondary succession

8. Toads and lizards in an ecosystem depend on a limited quantity of food. This is an example of
A. parasitism
B. intraspecific competition
C. predation
D. interspecific competition

9. Adaptive features of plants to desert conditions include

A. thick barks, succulent stems and sunken stomata
B. thin barks, succulent stems and sunken stomata
C. thin barks, air floats on stems and sunken stomata
D. air spaces in tissues, adventitious roots and thick barks

10. The Southern Guinea Savanna in that it has

A. lower rainfall and shorter grasses
B. less grasses and scattered trees
C. more rainfall and taller grasses
D. less arboreal and burrowing animals

11. The association between a fern and a palm trees on which it is growing is an example of
A. epiphytism
B. mutualism
C. parasitism
D. saprophytism

12. A fresh water plant such as water lily can solve the problem of buoyancy b the possession of
A. aerenchymarous tissues
B. dissected leaves
C. thin cell walls of the epidermis
D. water-repelling epidermis

13. The least adaptive feature of aboreal life is the

A. possession of fouur limbs
B. possession of claws
C. development of long tail
D. shading of coat colour

14. The most important environmental factor which epiphytes in the rain forest compete for is
A. water
B. nutrient
C. light
D. space

15. An ecological succession often leads to

A. an increase in species diversity
B. decrease in species diversity
C. an unstable community
D. the dispersal of species

16. I. High birth rate and high immigration rate

II. Low birth rate and high immigration rate
III. Low mortality rate and low emigration
IV. High mortality rate and high emigration rate.
Which combination of the above can cause rapid over-crowding in climax biotic communities
and human settlements?
A. II and III
B. I and III
C. I and IV
D. I and II

17. Which of the following are adaptations of animals to aquatic habitats?

A. Gills, streamlined bodies and lateral lines
B. Lateral line, streamlined bodies and lungs
C. Gills, scaly skin and lungs
D. Gills, streamlined bodies and spiracles

18. Which of the following is an adaptation of forest species?

A. Few stomata
B. Thick bark
C. Buttress roots
D. Reduced leaves

19. Which of the following structural features are adapted for uses other than water
conservation?
A. Succulent stems
B. Scales in animals
C. Spines in plants
D. Feathers in bird

20. An association between the root nodule of a leguminous plants rhizobium sp, is known as
A. commensalism
B. mycorrhiza
C. parastism
D. symbiosis
21. The number of plants species obtained from a population study of a garden is as
follows: Guinea grass (15), Ipomea spp (5), sida spp (7) and Imperata spp (23). What is the
percentage of occurrence of Imperata spp?
A. 35%
B. 16%
C. 46%
D. 23%

22. The epiphytic habitat can best be described as

A. arboreal
B. estuarine
C. aquatic
D. terrestrial

23. The earthworm can be classified as

A. decomposer
B. producer
C. primary consumer
D. secondary consumer

24. Mutualism is exhibited by

A. tapeworm living in the gut of man
B. yellow dodder growing on milk bush
C. platycerium growing on palm tree
D. rhizobium living in the root nodules of groundnut

25. Food webs are complex because

A. the number of producers is large
B. many animals feed directly on them
C. they include primary, secondary and tertiary consumers
D. some animals form part of the several food chains

26. Which of the following group of organisms is made up of consumers?

A. goat, dog, flea
B. grass, cassava, maize
C. maize, mouse, eagle
D. cassava, lion, dog

27. The instrument used to determine pressure is

A. anemometer
B. barometer
C. hygrometer
D. hydrometer

28. In fresh water habitat, the ecological factor which least affects organisms is
A. oxygen content
B. temperature
C. turbidity
D. wind

29. The ecological role of an organism in a habitat can be referred to as its

A. biome
B. ecosystem
C. micro-habitat
D. niche

30. the consumer in an ecosystem are usually

A. carnivores
B. decomposers
C. herbivores
D. omnivores

31. light intensity is measured with a/an

A. barometer
B. thermometer
C. photometer
D. anemometer

32. In an ecosystem, the LEAST efficient energy transfer link is from

A. producers to primary consumers
B. sun to producers
C. primary consumers to secondary consumers
D. secondary consumers to decomposers
33. A farm practice that results in the loss of soil fertility is.
A. mixed farming
B. bush fallowing
C. shifting cultivation
D. continuous cropping

34. The importance of practicing crop rotation in agriculture is to

A. maintain soil fertility
B. improve the nutritional value of crops
C. control soil erosion
D. ensure the growth of crops

35. The soil type that contains nutrients which are not readily available for plants is
A. alluvial
B. clayey
C. sandy
D. loamy

36. The increasing order of the particle size in following soil type is
A. clay → sand → silt →gravel
B. silt → sand → clay → gravel
C. clay → silt → sand → gravel
D. silt → clay → sand → gravel

37. A crucible of 5 g m weighed 10 gm after filling with fresh soil. it is then heated in an oven at
100°c for 1 hour. After cooling in a desiccator, the weight was 8 gm. The percentage of water in
the soil is
A. 80%
B. 60%
C. 20%
D. 40%

38. The figure above represents an experiment with three types of soil. The experiment
demonstrates
A. soil attraction of water
B. soil porosity
C. soil capillarity
D. draining capacity of soils

39. At which of the following stages of cell division can the cell be said to be resting
A. Anaphase
B. Telophase
C. Prophase
D. interphase

40. All hereditary characters in a cell are passed on from parent-cell to daughter-cell through the
process of
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. fertilization
D. implantation
 SECTION B
ANSWER 2 QUESTIONS ONLY FROM THIS SECTION
nd
1. a). The 2 year biology students went to estimate the total number of Tilapia in the Ghanasco
pond.
Results are shown below

Event Number of Tilapia

First Sample (marked) 150
2nd Sample 120
No of marked recaptured 50

(i) Calculate the number of unmarked Tilapia in the second Sample

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(ii) Using C1 for first Sample, C2 for second Sample and R for marked recaptured, state the formula
you will use to estimate the population of tilapia in the pond.
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(iii) Calculate the total population of Tilapia in the Ghanasco pond
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(iv). Name the method use by the students in the above exercise.

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b). state two factors that will lead to

i). An increase in population density

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ii). A decrease in population density

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c). State 4 differences between Density dependent and density independent factors

Density dependent factors Density independent factors

4mks
 2. a). define the following terms

i). carrying capacity

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ii). commensalism
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ii). Epiphytism
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b) State four adaptations of animals in fresh water habitants

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c. Explain the following terms

i). karyokinesis
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ii). Cytokinesis
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d. state 4 ways in which soil may lose its fertility

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3. a). Define the following terms

i). primary succession

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 ii). Climax community
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b). complete the table below by defining the following terms and giving one example each

Term Definition of term One example

Pathogen

Vector

Infectious disease

Non- infectious disease

8mks 4mks

c) state 4 ways of maintaining soil fertility

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SECTION C

ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

3. a). state 2 factors that affect soil formation

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b). distinguish between renewable and non- renewable natural resources
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c) Name an instrument you will use to measure the following climatic factors
i). Salinity … …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1mk.
ii). Relative humidity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………1mk
d) State 2 importances of microbes to humans
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e). the table below shows the number of Talinum plants obtained by given tosses of a quadrat
with area 0.5m2.
Toss of quadrat Number of talinum in the quadrat

1 5
2 2
3 0
4 6
5 4
6 5
7 2
8 2
9 1
10 3

α). Calculate the average number of talinum plamts

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β). deduce the population density of talinum
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ɚ). list 4 factors that can affect the population density of plants
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4mks