Course Outcome #1: Understand Internet: Computer Network Fundamentals, IP

Addressing, URL, DNS, HTTP, TCP/IP, Web Server / Client

CLASS Activity Set – 1 Hours

Concept
• Website
• Web browsers/web clients
• Domain Name
• URL – absolute and relative
• HTTP
1 Go to any website (E.g Book My Show or Make My Trip). Do the following:
• Choose the options given (E.g., To and From place, Movie Name)
• Observe the URL Bar and changes to it
• Write down the contents of the URL bar (We will revisit this later)

2 Go to Educational websites. E.g RV University, MSRIT, RVCE, CMU etc

Next go to Red Cross or World-Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
Now go to Indian Railways website
Move on to see the NATO Homepage or un.int
Lastly go to nsf.net

Observe the difference in “Domain Names”

Concept
• Elements of a web page

3 Browse through different websites and identify the following seven components of a web
page
• Header • Website Content
• Navigation Bar / Menu Bar • Sidebar
• Feature Image / Video • Footer
• Sliders

Concept
• Responsive Web Pages
4 Observe web pages adapt to different GUI screen sizes - e.g. mobile phones, laptops,
tablets etc.
5 Observe the “hamburger” (three lines of menu items) on mobile devices

Conceptual Understanding- To be Submitted in Google Classroom

• Alice is trying to access a website using her web browser. She enters the website's domain
name in the address bar. Explain the process of how her computer resolves the domain
name to an IP address and accesses the website.
ans DNS resolver converts the domain name into the IP address that user needs. It returns the
value to the web browser.
• What are the parts of a Domain Name? Give one example and describe the parts.
Ans top level domain , domain name ,and an optional subdomain
• Name three domain names of websites that fall under:
Government (.gov)
Ans www.usa.gov
• www.fbi.gov (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
• www.irs.govOrganization (.org)
• www.geeksforgeeks.org, www.mitre.org, www.src.org, www.super.org,
• Education (.edu)
Ans https://rvu.edu.in
• https://www.harvard.edu
• https://www.yale.edu
•
• Commercial (.com)
Ans www.google.com
• www.amazon.com
• www.apple.com
• Network Providers / Computers (.net)
Ans www.verizon.net
• www.cisco.net
• www.ibm.net
• International Databases or Treaties (.int)
Ans www.wipo.int
• www.unfccc.int
• www.who.int
• Bob is setting up a new web server for his online business. He needs to choose between
HTTP and HTTPS for secure communication. Explain the differences between HTTP and
HTTPS and recommend which one Bob should use.\

Ans :in an online business, security is paramount. It is strongly recommended that Bob uses
HTTPS for his web server rather than HTTP. HTTPS offers the following advantages:
•
• Data Security: HTTPS encrypts data during transit, protecting sensitive customer
information, such as login credentials, payment details, and personal data.
•
• Trust and Authentication: Using HTTPS with a valid SSL/TLS certificate provides customers
with assurance that they are interacting with a legitimate and secure website.
•
• SEO Benefits: Search engines like Google prioritize HTTPS websites in search results,
potentially improving Bob's online visibility.
•
• Legal and Compliance: Depending on the nature of Bob's business and its location, there
may be legal and regulatory requirements that mandate the use of HTTPS for data
protection.
• Mark is working on a website with multiple pages. He wants to create links between these
pages. Explain what a relative URL is, provide an example, and describe when Mark should
use relative URLs instead of absolute ones.

Ans :A relative URL specifies the path to a resource (such as another webpage or an
image) relative to the current page's location. It doesn't include the full web address but rather
describes the location of the resource in relation to the current page.
Example of a relative URL:
Suppose Mark has a website with the following structure:

Home Page: https://example.com/index.html

About Page: https://example.com/about.html
Contact Page: https://example.com/contact.html

relative URLs are a valuable tool in web development, especially when dealing with links within
the same website. They simplify maintenance, improve code readability, and adapt seamlessly
to different development and hosting environments. However, absolute URLs are still necessary
when linking to external websites or resources.