3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  1

 G Aa¨v‡q Rvb‡Z cvie

 cvwbi e¨envi I msiÿY m¤ú‡K©
 wbivc` I Awbivc` cvwb m¤ú‡K©
 cvwb `~lY I `~lY †iv‡ai Dcvq m¤ú‡K©
 Aa¨vqwUi g~jfve †R‡b wbB
gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ cvwb Avek¨K| cvwb Qvov gvbyl †Kb, †Kv‡bv RxeB
euvP‡Z cv‡i bv| cvb Kiv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †Mvmj Kiv, _vjvevmb †avqv, Kvco-†Pvco
†avqv, Pvlvev` Kivmn mKj Kv‡R cvwb cÖ‡qvRb| Gm‡ei g‡a¨ cvb I Avnv‡ii Rb¨
Avgiv wbivc` cvwb e¨envi Kwi ev Awbivc` cvwb dzwU‡q A_ev †kvab K‡i e¨envi
Kwi| Avi Ab¨vb¨ mvaviY Kv‡R Avgiv wewfbœ Dr‡mi cvwb e¨envi K‡i _vwK|
wbivc` cvwbi Drm¸‡jv n‡jvÑ bjK‚c, Kzqv, e„wó BZ¨vw`| Z‡e wbivc` bv n‡jI
cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi w`K †_‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cvwbi Ab¨vb¨ Drm¸‡jv n‡jv- cyKzi, Lvj, wej,
nvIi, †Wvev, b`x I mvMi| c„w_ex c„‡ôi Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM cvwb Øviv XvKv| ZeyI
e¨envi Dc‡hvMx cvwb Lye †ewk cwigv‡Y †bB| wbivc` cvwb †kl n‡q †M‡j Avgv‡`i
Rxeb aviY KwVb n‡q co‡e| ZvB Avgv‡`i DwPZ wbivc` cvwbi Dr‡mi `~lY I AcPq
†iva Kiv|

1| k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki| N. Lvevi ivbœv Kiv

1) cvwb GKwU  m¤ú`| (2) †Kvb is Gi bjK‚c †_‡K wbivc` cvwb
2) cvwb‡Z ÿwZKi eR©¨ wgk‡j cvwb cvIqv hvq?
 nq| K. bxj L. njy`
3) e„wó, b`x, mgy`ª Ges cvwbi Kj G¸‡jv PM. meyR N. jvj
cvwbi | (3) †KvbwU wbivc` cvwb?
4) mgy‡`ªi cvwb | K. cyKz‡ii cvwb PL. dzUv‡bv cvwb
DËi : 1) cÖvK…wZK, 2) `~wlZ, 3) M. b`xi cvwb N. mvM‡ii cvwb
Drm, 4) †jvbv| 3| wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
2| mwVK DËiwU‡Z (P) wUK wPý 1) Avgiv Kx Kx Kv‡R cvwb e¨envi Kwi?
`vI| DËi : cvwb Avgv‡`i A‡bK Kv‡R jv‡M|
†hgbÑ
(1) †KvbwU cvwb `~l‡Yi KviY? 1) Avgiv cvwb cvb Kwi|
PK. cvwb‡Z gqjv †djv 2) ivbœvi Kv‡R cvwb e¨envi Kwi|
L. cvwb‡Z †bŠKv Pvjv‡bv 3) cwi”QbœZv I †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R
M. cvwb‡Z gvQ aiv cvwb Avek¨K|
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  2
4) KjKviLvbvq cvwb e¨eüZ nq| 4| wb‡Pi Q‡K cvwbi Drm¸‡jv‡K
5) Pvlvev‡`i Kv‡R Avgiv cvwb e¨envi wbivc` cvwb Ges Awbivc` cvwb G
Kwi| `yfv‡M mvRvI|
2) cvwb `~l‡Yi wZbwU KviY †jL| wdëvi Kiv cvwb, mgy‡`ªi cvwb, jvj i‡Oi
DËi : cvwb wewfbœfv‡e `~wlZ nq| bjK‚‡ci cvwb, meyR i‡Oi bjK‚‡ci cvwb,
†hgbÑ dzUv‡bv cvwb, cyKz‡ii cvwb
1) cvwb‡Z gqjv ev AveR©bv †dj‡j|
2) KjKviLvbvi `~wlZ eR©¨ cvwb‡Z wbivc` cvwb Awbivc` cvwb
wgkv‡j|
3) cyKz‡ii cvwb‡Z Miæ QvMj I
Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYx †Mvmj Kiv‡j|
3) Avgiv Kxfv‡e cvwb `~lY †iva Ki‡Z
cvwi? DËi : wb‡Pi Q‡K cvwbi Drm¸‡jv‡K
DËi : Avgv‡`i †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wbivc` wbivc` cvwb Ges Awbivc` cvwb G `y
cvwbi e¨envi Acwimxg| wbivc` cvwbi fv‡M mvRvjvgÑ
Rb¨ Gi Drm¸‡jvi `~lY †iva Ki‡Z nq|
cvwbi Drm¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e msiÿ‡Yi
gva¨‡g Avgiv cvwb `~lY †iva Ki‡Z
cvwi| †hgb :
1) cvwb‡Z KjKviLvbvi `~wlZ eR©¨
†djv eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2) cvwb‡Z †Zj I gqjv AveR©bv †djv eÜ
Ki‡Z n‡e|
3) cyKzi I b`x‡Z Miæ-QvMj †Mvmj
Kiv‡bv eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|
4) cvwb `~l‡Yi ÿwZKi cÖfve m¤ú‡K©
†jvKRb‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e|
GiKg e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Avgiv
cvwbi `~lY †iva Ki‡Z cvwi|
4) Avgiv Kxfv‡e cvwbi AcPq †iva Ki‡Z
cvwi?
DËi : c„w_ex c„‡ôi Pvi fv‡Mi wZb
fvM cvwb Øviv XvKv n‡jI cv‡bi
Dc‡hvMx wbivc` cvwbi cwigvY LyeB
Kg| ZvB cvwbi AcPq †iv‡a Avgv‡`i
m‡PZb nIqv DwPZ| GRb¨ Avgiv
KZ¸‡jv Dcvq Aej¤^b Ki‡Z cvwi| †hgbÑ
1) webv cÖ‡qvR‡b bjK‚‡ci cvwb bv
†Zvjv|
2) Ah_v cvwbi Kj †Q‡o bv ivLv|
3) e¨env‡ii ci cvwbi Kj eÜ ivLv|
4) e„wói cvwb msiÿY Kiv|
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  3
wbivc` cvwb Awbivc` cvwb
wdëvi Kiv cvwb mgy‡`ªi cvwb
meyR i‡Oi jvj i‡Oi bjK‚‡ci
bjK‚‡ci cvwb cvwb
dzUv‡bv cvwb cyKz‡ii cvwb

 mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j M) wbivc` cvwbi Lye Afve|
ÔwgÕ †jL| N) Kzqv I euva gvby‡li ˆZwi cvwbi
1) me Dr‡mi cvwb cvb Kiv wbivc`| Drm|
2) mvM‡ii cvwb wgwó ¯^v‡`i| O) Ah_v cvwbi Kj †Q‡o ivLe bv|
3) †gvUi Pvwj‡q Mfxi bjK‚‡ci cvwb  k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki|
DVv‡bv hvq| 1) Sibv, bjK‚c I Kzqv gvwUi  cvwb|
4) wccvmv †c‡j Avgiv cvwb cvb Kwi| 2) cyKzi, †Wvev, Lvj I b`xi cvwb‡Z gqjv I
5) Dw™¢‡`i cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|  wg‡k _v‡K|
DËi : 1) wg, 2) wg, 3) m, 4) m,
5) wg| 3) cyKz‡ii cvwb  cvb Kiv hvq|
4) mvM‡ii cvwb cvb Kivi  bq|
 evg cv‡ki As‡ki mv‡_ Wvb cv‡ki 5) MÖv‡gi gvbyl mvaviYZ  I  cvwb
As‡ki wgj Ki| cvb K‡i _v‡K|
K) cvwbi Av‡iK wZb fvM cvwb| 6) †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bjK‚‡ci cvwb‡Z 
bvg wg‡k _v‡K|
L) c„w_ex c„‡ôi †Q‡o ivLe bv
Pvi fv‡Mi 7) Av‡m©wbKhy³ bjK‚c‡K  is w`‡q
M) wbivc` Rxeb| wPwýZ Kiv nq|
cvwbi 8)  Rb¨ cvwb cÖ‡qvRb|
N) Kzqv I euva gvby‡li ˆZwi 9) c„w_ex‡Z  mxwgZ cwigv‡Y i‡q‡Q|
cvwbi Drm 10)wbivc` cvwb †kl n‡q †M‡j Avgv‡`i
O) Ah_v cvwbi Kj Lye Afve| Rxeb aviY  n‡q co‡e|
DËi : DËi : 1) wb‡Pi, 2) †ivMRxevYy , 3)
K) cvwbi Av‡iK bvg Rxeb| dzwU‡q, 4) Dc‡hvMx, 5) bjK‚c, Kzqvi, 6)
L) c„w_ex c„‡ôi Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM
cvwb| Av‡m©wbK, 7) jvj, 8) Rxe‡bi, 9) cÖvK…
wZK m¤ú`, 10) KwVb|

 mvaviY 3. †KvbwU cvwbi cÖvK…wZK Drm?

R
cvwbi Drm K cyKzi L Kzqv
1. †KvbwU cvwbi Drm? M Lvj-wej N bjK‚c
Q 4. †KvbwU gvby‡li ˆZwi cvwbi Drm? R
K ivbœvi nuvwo L cyKzi K b`x-bvjv L Lvj-wej
M Kjwm N gvwUi MZ© M cyKzi N n«`
2. †KvbwU wbivc` cvwbi Drm? R
K †Wvev L wej M Kzqv cvwbi e¨envi
N cyKzi
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  4
5. Avgiv KLb cvwb cvb Kwi? 14. UvBd‡qW KLb nq?
S P
K Nyg †_‡K †R‡M L Nygv‡Z hvIqvi K `~wlZ cvwb cvb Ki‡j
Av‡M L wfUvwg‡bi Afv‡e
M Amy¯’ n‡j N wccvmv †c‡j
M Lv‡`¨i Afv‡e
6. cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` †KvbwU? N †ivMRxevYy e„w× †c‡j
Q  †hvM¨ZvwfwËK
K iv¯ÍvNvU L cvwb
wkLbdj : cvwbi Drm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z
M Nievwo N KviLvbv
cvie|
7. †KvbwUi cwigvY LyeB Kg?
15. Ry‡qj ev›`ievb †eov‡Z wM‡q Sibv
R
†`L‡Z †cj| GwU †Kvb ai‡bi cvwbi
K evqy L gvwU M ¯^v`y cvwb N
Drm? Q
cvwb K Awbivc` L cÖvK…wZK
wbivc` Ges Awbivc` cvwb M gvby‡li ˆZwi N K…wÎg
16. Zzwg Lvev‡ii mv‡_ †h jeY LvI Zv
8. cvb Kivi Rb¨ †KvbwU cÖ‡qvRb? Q g~jZ †Kv_v n‡Z Drcbœ nq?
K ¯^v`y cvwb L wbivc` cvwb
R
M e„wói cvwb N cyKz‡ii cvwb K e„wói cvwb L Sibvi cvwb
9. †Kvb cvwb cvb Kivi Rb¨ wbivc`? Q M mvM‡ii cvwb N b`xi cvwb
K ¯^v`y cvwb L dzUv‡bv cvwb
wkLbdj : cvwbi `~lY I AcPq
M e„wói cvwb N cyKz‡ii cvwb
†iv‡a KiYxq m¤ú‡K© Rvbe|
10. Av‡m©wbKhy³ cvwb †h bjK‚‡ci 17. †kªwYK‡ÿ †mwjbv Avcv wkÿv_©x‡`i
n‡q _v‡K Zv‡K Kx is w`‡q wPwýZ wbivc` cvwb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Ki‡jb|
Kiv nq? P GB ai‡bi cvwbi Drm †KvbwU? S
K jvj L bxj M meyR N †e¸bx
K b`x L Rjvkq
11. Pg©‡ivM I K¨vÝv‡ii Rb¨ wb‡Pi M jvj is Kiv bjK‚c N meyR is Kiv
†KvbwU `vqx? Q bjK‚c
K †evZjRvZ cvwb L
wkLbdj : wbivc` I Awbivc` cvwb m¤ú‡K©
Av‡m©wbKhy³ cvwb
Rvb‡Z cvie|
M e„wói cvwb N wdëvi Kiv cvwb
12. Pg©‡ivM nIqvi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU 18. Zzwg evwo‡Z Mfxi bjK‚‡ci cvwb
`vqx? Q cvb Ki| GwU †Kvb ai‡bi cvwb?
K wbivc` cvwb‡Z †Mvmj Kiv
R
L `~wlZ cvwb‡Z †Mvmj Kiv
K Awbivc` L `~wlZ

M e„wói cvwb‡Z †Mvmj Kiv

M wbivc` N A¯^v¯’¨Ki

N bjK‚‡ci cvwb‡Z †Mvmj Kiv wkLbdj : cvwb `~lY m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvie|
cvwb `ylY 19. Bwjqvm UvBd‡qW R¡‡i AvµvšÍ| Gi
g~j KviY †KvbwU?
13. `~wlZ cvwb cvb Ki‡j †KvbwU nq? Q P
K h²v L K‡jiv
K `~wlZ cvwb L wbivc` cvwb
M k¦vm Kó N R¡i
M VvÊv cvwb N Sibvi cvwb

1. cvwbi K‡qKwU cÖvK…wZK Dr‡mi

bvg †jL|
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  5
DËi : cvwbi cÖvK…wZK Drm¸‡jv
n‡jv- e„wó, wej, nvIi, cÖvK…wZK
Sibv, b`x, mvMi I f‚Mf©¯’ cvwb|
2. cvwbi K…wÎg Dr‡mi bvg †jL|
DËi : cyKzi, Lvj, Kzqv, bjK‚c I K…wÎg
Sibv|
3. MÖv‡gi gvbyl mvaviYZ †Kvb Dr‡mi
cvwb cvb K‡i?
DËi : MÖv‡gi gvbyl mvaviYZ bjK‚c I
Kzqvi cvwb cvb K‡i|
4. cvwbi Drm¸‡jv‡K Kqfv‡M fvM Kiv
hvq I Kx Kx?
DËi : cvwbi Drm¸‡jv‡K `yB fv‡M fvM
Kiv hvq| h_vÑ (K) cÖvK…wZK Drm
(L) gvby‡li ˆZwi Drm|
5. ¯^v‡`i Dci wfwË K‡i cvwbi Drm‡K
Kq fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq I Kx Kx?
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  6
Ü mvaviY
1. wK‡mi Rb¨ ¯^v`y cvwb cÖ‡qvRb?
¯^v`y cvwbi Drm¸‡jv †jL| cvb Kivi
Rb¨ †Kvb ai‡bi ¯^v`y cvwb wbivc`
Ges †Kvb¸‡jv Awbivc`? †jL|
DËi : cvb Kiv, ivbœv Kiv Ges †Mvmj
Kivi Rb¨ ¯^v`y cvwb cÖ‡qvRb|
¯^v`y cvwbi Drm¸‡jv n‡jv e„wó, cyKzi,
Kzqv I cvwbi Kj|
†evZ‡j cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv cvwb,
dzUv‡bv cvwb, wdëvi Kiv cvwb Ges
bjK‚‡ci cvwb cvb Kivi Rb¨ wbivc`| Avi
cyKzi I b`xi `~wlZ ¯^v`y cvwb cvb Kiv
Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Awbivc`|
2. cvwbi cvuPwU e¨envi wjL|
DËi : Avgiv wewfbœKv‡R cvwb e¨envi
Kwi| Gi cvuPwU e¨envi wbgœiƒc
1) cvb Kiv|
2) ivbœvi Kv‡R|
3) cwi”QbœZv I †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R|
4) dmj djv‡Z|
5) grm¨ Lvgv‡i Ges KjKviLvbvq cvwb
e¨eüZ nq|
3. cvwb Avgiv †Kv_v †_‡K cvB?
DËi : †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ gvbylmn mKj
cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡`i cvwb cÖ‡qvRb| Avi
Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡ki wewfbœ Drm †_‡K
cvwb †c‡q _vwK| e„wó, b`x-bvjv, Lvj-
wej, n«`, mgy`ª BZ¨vw` cÖvK…wZK
Drm †_‡K cvwb cvIqv hvq| GQvov
cyKzi, Kzqv I bjK‚‡ci g‡Zv gvby‡li
ˆZwi Drm †_‡K Avgiv cvwb †c‡Z
cvwi|
4. cvwbi Drm Ges e¨env‡ii g‡a¨ m¤úK©
Kx?
DËi : Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡k cvwbi wewfbœ
Drm i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ mKj Dr‡mi cvwb me
Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq bv| Dr‡mi
wfbœZvq cvwb e¨env‡i wfbœZv ˆZwi
nq| †hgbÑ cyKz‡ii cvwb †Mvmj Kiv I
grm¨ Pv‡l e¨envi Kiv nq wKš‘ cvb Kiv
ev ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨envi nq bv| ZvB
cvwbi Drm I e¨envi Gi g‡a¨ wbweo
m¤úK© i‡q‡Q|
5. cvwb Kxfv‡e `~wlZ nq?
DËi : †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ cvwb cÖ‡qvRb
n‡jI `~wlZ cvwb Avgv‡`i Rb¨ ÿwZKi|
Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq
cvwb wewfbœfv‡e `~wlZ nq| g~jZ
cvwb‡Z ÿwZKi e¯‘ wgk‡jB cvwb
`~wlZ nq| KviLvbvi `~wlZ eR©¨ I gqjv-
AveR©bv cvwb‡Z †dj‡j G¸‡jv †_‡K
ÿwZKi e¯‘ cvwb‡Z wg‡k cvwb‡K
`~wlZ K‡i| GQvov cvwb‡Z Miæ-QvMj
†Mvmj Kiv‡bv I Kvco †avqvi KvR Kivi
gva¨‡gI cvwb `~wlZ nq|
Ü †hvM¨ZvwfwËK
6. ¯^v¯’¨Kgx© †Zvgv‡`i bjK‚‡ci cvwb
cixÿv K‡i Gi gy‡L jvj is jvwM‡q
w`‡jb| Gi KviY Kx? G‡ÿ‡Î ¯^v¯’¨ iÿvi
Rb¨ †Zvgvi †bIqv 4wU c`‡ÿc †jL|
DËi : bjK‚‡ci cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki
Dcw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y ¯^v¯’¨Kgx© Avgv‡`i
bjK‚‡ci gy‡L jvj is jvwM‡q †`b|
G‡ÿ‡Î ¯^v¯’¨ iÿvi Rb¨ Avgvi †bIqv 4wU
c`‡ÿc n‡jvÑ
1. jvj is Kiv bjK‚‡ci cvwb cvb Kie bv|
2. ivbœvi Kv‡R G cvwb e¨envi Kie bv|
3. LvIqvi Rb¨ e„wói cvwb msiÿY Kie|
4. cyKzi ev b`xi cvwb QuvKb c×wZ‡Z
†Qu‡K dzwU‡q msiÿY Kie|
7. cvwb `~lY Kx? cvwb `~l‡Yi KviY Kx?
†Zvgvi MÖv‡gi cyKziwUi cvwb `~lY
†iv‡a †Zvgvi †bIqv cuvPwU c`‡ÿc †jL|
DËi : cvwb‡Z ÿwZKi e¯‘ wgwkªZ n‡q
wbivc` cvwb Awbivc` nIqv‡K cvwb
`~lY e‡j|
cvwb‡Z †Zj, gqjv-AveR©bv Ges
Ab¨vb¨ ÿwZKi eR©¨ †dj‡j G‡`i †_‡K
ÿwZKi c`v_© cvwb‡Z wgwkªZ nq| ZLb
cvwb `~wlZ nq|
Avgvi MÖv‡gi cyKziwUi cvwb `~lY
†iv‡a Avgvi †bIqv cuvPwU c`‡ÿc
n‡jvÑ
1) cyKz‡ii cvwb‡Z Miæ-QvMj †Mvmj
Kiv‡bv eÜ Kie|
2) cyKz‡i Kvco-†Pvco I evmb-†Kvmb
†avqv †_‡K mKj‡K weiZ ivLe|
 3q †kÖwY : weÁvb  7
3) cyKz‡i †hb †KD gqjv AveR©bv
†dj‡Z bv cv‡i †mw`‡K jÿ ivLe|
4) cÖvYxi g„Z‡`n cyKz‡i †dj‡Z wb‡la
Kie|
5) cvwb `~lY †iv‡a Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó
Kie|
8. cvwb Kx? GwU msiÿY cÖ‡qvRb
†Kb? cvwb AcPq †iv‡a †Zvgvi KiYxq
Kx?
DËi : cvwb GKwU cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`|
Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cvwb AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wKš‘ c„w_ex‡Z GB
g~j¨evb cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` mxwgZ

cwigv‡Y i‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Avevi ¯^v`y
cvwbi cwigvY LyeB Kg| ZvB cvwb
msiÿY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|
cvwb AcPq †iv‡a Avgvi KiYxq n‡jv
1) `uvZ eªvk Kiv Ges nvZ †avqvi mgq
cvwbi AcPq bv Kiv |
2) Kvco †avqvi mgq cvwbi AcPq bv
Kiv|
3) †Mvm‡ji mgq AwZwi³ cvwb e¨envi
bv Kiv |
4) webv Kvi‡Y cvwbi Kj bv Qvov|
5) cvwb AcPq †iv‡ai cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
Zz‡j a‡i mKj‡K m‡PZb Kiv|