Units 5 & 6

Unit 5 Higher Education

Talk about your future plan.

What is your plan after graduating from high school?

a) Are you going to study at university? YES Which university do you wish to go to? UEH

b) Which major do you intend to study? Why? ECONOMICS. BECAUSE IT CAN BE USEFUL FOR
PROFESSIONAL IN ALL INDUSTRIES

c) What have you done to prepare for your future ? STUDY ENGLISH WELL

Sarah

On the first weekend I went out with my new friends, walking around campus. It was exciting, thinking how
I was at college, meeting people who could become good friends of mine. The most exciting thing was that I
didn't have to explain to my parents where I was going, who with, or what time I'd be home!

On Saturday night, I followed my roommate to a party. The people at the party were busy playing some
game, and no one seemed to notice my existence. I suddenly felt so lonely. Fighting back tears, I ran back
to my room, thinking I would never feel at home at college.

Ellen

My roommate left the window open all the time, even when it was 10 degrees Celsius out, and went to bed
at 10 every night. When she got sick after midterms, she blamed my typing and having a light on while she
was trying to sleep.

At first, college was a little daunting. I graduated from a small school. After seeing the same people over
and over for many years, it was amazing, but a little scary, to be in a place where it seemed like I never saw
the same person twice.

Brenden

The first year at college was probably the best and most challenging year of my life. Academically, I
enjoyed it thoroughly. Taking part in the Advanced Engineering project gave me a chance to use my
creativity and knowledge to help society.

Socially, I made lots of new friends both through engineering and living at St John's College on campus.
The social calendar of the colleges provides plenty of opportunities to meet non-engineering students as
well as other engineers, many of whom have become my best mates.

Task 1

Task 1: Complete the following sentences, using the right forms or the words in the box.
campus blame scary challenge amazing

1. The new library was built in the centre of the…campus………..

2. They……blame……….the rise in oil prices for the big increase in inflation.

3. That's the…scariest……………story I've ever heard.

4. Intelligent boys like to study something if it really………challenges………them.

5. The new car goes at an…………amazing………….speed.

Task 2: Find out who:

a. attended a party on the first weekend at college.

b. didn't get on very well with the roommate.

c. was not used to meeting different people every day at college.

d. liked having a chance to be creative.

e. was very excited about going to college.

f. enjoyed the first year at college.

Sarah: (1)____a____ (2)____e______

Ellen: (3)_b_______ (4)_____c______

Brenden: (5)____f___ (6)_____d____

Grammar

Conditional sentences

Các loại câu điều kiện:

Type Forms Usage

0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh A general truth

Eg: If you heat ice, it turns to water.

1 If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall…… + Vo Đk có thể xảy ra ở hiẹn tại ỏ tương lai

2 If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should…+ Vo Đk không có thật ở hiện tại

3 If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could…+ have Đk không có thật trong quá khứ
+ V3/Ved

mixed If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo

 type 1 Đảo ngữ

If + S1 + V (hiện tại), S2 + => Should + S1 + (not)+ V (hiện tại),

will/may/might/should/can… + V (infinitive) S2 + will/may/might/should/can… + V (infinitive)

Ex: If you should meet her, please ask her to call => Should you meet her, please ask her to call me
me at once. at once.

Type 2 Đảo ngữ

If + S1 + V (quá khứ), S2 + would/might/could… => Were + S1 + (not) + O,

+ V (infinitive) S2 + would/might/could… + V (infinitive)

Ex: If I were you, I would not do such a rude => Were I you, I would not do such a rude thing.
thing.

Type 3 Đảo ngữ

If + S1 + had + past participle, S2 + => Had + S1 + (not) + past participle,

would/might/could… + have + past participle S2 + would/might/could… + have + past participle

Ex: If it hadn’t been for your help, I wouldn’t => Had it not been for your help, I wouldn’t have
have succeeded. succeeded.

PRACTICE
1. If I __________the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you
have.
A. Have B. would have C. had had D. should have
2. I __________you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
A. would have visited B. visited C. had visited D. visit
3. __________more help, I would call my neighbor.
A. Needed B. should I need C. I have needed D. I should need
4. __________then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the
years.
A. had I known
B. did I know
C. If I know
D. If I would know
5. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _______the same language?
A. spoke
B. speak
C. had spoken
D. will speak
6. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, ________this incident again.
A. I will never mention
B. I never mention
C. will I never mention
D. I don't mention
7. If I had known you were asleep, I __________so much noise when I came in.
A. didn't make
B. wouldn't have made
C. won't make
D. don't make
8. Unless you __________all of my questions, I can't do anything to help you.
A. answered
B. answer
C. would answer
D. are answering
9. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I __________it.
A. would have never believed
B. don't believe
C. hadn't believed
D. can't believe
10. If Jake __________to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn't agree
B. didn't agree
C. hadn't agreed
D. wouldn't agree
11. J: "John went to the hospital alone"
K: "If __________, I would have gone with him".
A. had he told me
B. he had told me
C. he has told me
D. he would tell me
12. If you __________, I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I
didn't want to bother you.
A. had studied
B. studied
C. hadn't studied
D. didn't study
13. Peter: "Did you need help with your Math last night?".
Mary: "If I had needed, I __________you".
A. would call
B. called
C. would have called
D. will call
14. If someone __________ in to the store, smile and say, "May I help you?"
A. comes
B. came
C. come
D. should come
15. "Here's my phone number".
"Thanks. I'll give you a call if I __________some help tomorrow"
A. will need
B. need
C. would need
D. needed
16. If I didn't work for an accounting firm, I __________in a bank now.
A. work
B. will work
C. have worked
D. would work
17. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions __________improved.
A. was
B. is
C. were
D. had been
18. The education in Japan __________if the basic principles of education had not been taken into
consideration.
A. would go down
B. would have gone down
C. went down
D. had gone down
19. If there __________, the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. had been enough water
B. were enough water
C. would be enough water
D. are enough water
20. The patient will not recover unless he __________ an operation.
A. had undergone
B. would undergo
C. undergoes
D. was undergoing
21. If she __________ him, she would be very happy.
A. would meet
B. will meet
C. met
D. should meet
22. If he __________ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.
A. had had
B. had
C. has
D. has had
23. If I had enough money, I__________ abroad to improve my English.
A. will go
B. would go
C. went
D. should have go to
24. The bench would collapse if they __________on it.
A. stood
B. stand
C. standing
D. stands
25. If it __________convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight,
A. be
B. is
C. was
D. were

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the
child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are
kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.
In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide
world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold
initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated
age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that
children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown up world. They may have to carry out
several tests.
Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts
about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to
become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised.
At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta” where
they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years.
When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls
are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of
marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their
mothers.
Question 28. What does the word "they" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. the young warriors B. the cattle owners
C. the Maasai herds D. the wild animals
Question 29. The word "undergo" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______________.
A. explore B. participate in C. experience D. commence
Question 30. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. Children have to learn their tribes' cultures and traditions when they are old enough.
B. An eight-day-old child will be taken for the first walk by his or her mother.
C. Children are initiated for a mature life in the presence of their friends and family.
D. Children have to overcome a few trials to enter the grown-up world.
Question 31. Where do people in Kenya give the name to the child?
A. at their house B. at the village church
C. on the cattle farm D. near the thorn fence
Question 32. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Birthday ceremonies for children in Africa
 B. Activities in a birth celebration
C. Traditions of Maasai people when having a new baby
D. Celebrations in Africa
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the
atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air
pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous changes. When the first air pollution
laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds
that could be seen or smelled- a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today.
As technology has developed and knowledge of health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of
air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under
certain conditions.
Many of more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxides and nitrogen oxides
are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various
chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification
scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature's
output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such region,
human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the
cycles. The result is an concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the
adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence
of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the
numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration
that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0. 08
parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however has a natural
level of 0. 1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.

Question 35. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. How much harm air pollutants can cause.
B. The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere.
C. What constitutes an air pollutant?
D. The economic impact of air pollution.
Question 36. The word “adversely” in the first paragraph in closest in meaning to __________.
A. negatively B. quickly C. admittedly D. considerably
Question 37. The word “These” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to __________.
 A. the compounds moved to the water or soil
B. the components in biogeochemical cycles
C. the pollutants from the developing Earth
D. the various chemical reactions
Question 38. For which of the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in controlling
air pollution?
A. They have existed since the Earth developed.
B. They occur in greater quantities than other pollutants.
C. They are less harmful to living beings than other pollutants.
D. They function as part of a purification process.
Question 39. According to the passage, human-generated air pollution in localized regions _____.
A. can overwhelm the natural system that removes pollutants
B. can be dwarfed by nature’s output of pollutants
C. will damage areas outside of the localized regions
D. will react harmfully with natural pollutants
Question 40. According to the passage, the numerical value of the concentration level of a substance is only
useful if __________.
A. it is in a localized area B. the other substances in the area are known
C. it can be calculated quickly D. the natural level is also known
Question 41. The word “detectable” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. beneficial B. separable C. special D. measurable
Question 42. Which of the following is best supported by the passage?
A. One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air pollution laws.
B. Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution.
C. To effectively control pollution, local government should regularly review their air pollution
laws.
D. Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants.

Unit 6 Future Jobs

Talk about your future plan

1. What would this job be? International Business

2. where would you work? Multination corporation

3. which qualifications would you need ? finacial degree

And explain why you would like to have this job most. -> workking in a multination enviroment can buit
my self-confidence, communicative skill and relationships

Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.

Preparing for a job interview can be stressful, particularly when you are called for the first interview. Below
are some pieces of advice that can help you reduce the feeling of pressure and create a good impression
on your interviewer.

Before the interview

You should find out as much as possible about the job and the vacancy. Before the interview, you have to
send a letter of application and your resumes to the company to express your interest in the job and to show
that you might be the most suitable candidate for the position.

When you come to the interview, remember to bring with you your school certificates and letters of
recommendation from your teachers or your previous employers. In addition, you may jot down your
qualifications and experience that can relate to the job and prepare for the questions that are often asked
during the interview.

Make sure you know where the interview is and how to get there. Be on time or a few minutes early. Don’t
forget to dress neatly and formally.

During the interview

You should concentrate on what the interviewer is saying and make a real effort to answer all the
questions the interviewer asks. Be clear, polite and honest. If you do not know something about the more
technical aspects of the job, admit it and stress that you are willing to learn. Show enthusiasm when the
job is explained to you. Always show your best side, your keenness to work and your sense of
responsibility.

Don’t forget to say goodbye to the interviewer before leaving the office.

After the interview

If you are offered the position, congratulations! If you do not get the job, try not to be too disappointed.
Think about the interviewer’s comments because they may help you prepare better when you are called for
the next job interview. Good luck!

New words:

1. Stressful: bị stress

2. pressure : áp lực
3. create a good impression on: tạo ấn tượng tốt

4. application : đơn xin

5. Resume: hồ sơ lý lịch

6. Candidate: ứng cử viên

7. letters of recommendation: đơn giói thiệu

8. previous employers: sếp cũ

9. In addition= Additionally

10. jot down= note down

11. qualification : chất lượng

12. relate to: liên quan đến

13. Neatly: gọn gàng

14. Formally: nghiêm chỉnh

15. concentrate on: tập trung

16. make an effort: nỗ lực làm điều gì

17. technical aspects: các yếu tố thiết yếu

18. willing to =/= ……enthusiastic…>< hesitant= reluctant=unwilling to…………..

19. Enthusiasm: nhiệt tâm

20. Keenness: special interested

21. sense of responsibility: tinh thần trách nhiệm

22. Disappointed: thất vọng

Task 1: These words are from the passage. Look back to the text and circle the best meanings A, B, or
C.
1. vacancy
A. a part of a newspaper where jobs are advertised
B. a job that is available
C. a seat that is available
2. resume
A. a photocopy of academic certificates
B. a letter of recommendation
C. a short written account of someone’s education and previous jobs
3.keenness
A. special interest
B. very quick understanding
C. sense of responsibility
4. jot down
A. mention
B. note down
C. Type
task 2: Work in pairs. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. Try to reduce the feeling of pressure and make a good impression on your interviewer. T
2. Find out as much information as you can about. T
3. Bring with you a letter of application and your resumes to the interview. F
4. Take all your certificates and letters of recommendation with you. T
5. Remember to dress neatly and formally. T
6. Your voice should be clear and polite.T
7. Tell the interviewer about your shortcomings. F
8. Remember to say goodbye to the interviewer before leaving the interview. T
I. GRAMMAR :
RELATIVE CLAUSES AND REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES (REVIEW)
Exercise 1: Add who, whoever, whose, whom or which to complete the following sentences.
1. There is one person to…whom……………I owe more than I can say.
2. It was the kind of accident for…which…………..nobody was really to blame.
3. …………whoever…..leaves last should turn off the lights.
4. Mary was late yesterday,…which……………was unusual for her.
5. At 6.00 pm,……which………….was an hour before the plane was due, thick fog descended.
6. I don’t know……who…………told you that, but they were wrong.
7. Mrs Brown was the first owner whose......... dog won three prizes in the same show.
8. I’ve just spoken to Sally, .who.............. sends you her love.
9. On Sunday, ..which......... was my birthday, we went out for a meal.
10. The success of a shared holiday depends on ……whoever……………… you share it with.
Exercise 2
Exercise 2: Join the following sentences in two ways.
1. I read a book. It was written by a friend of mine.
Eg: - I read a book that was written by a friend of mine.
- I read a book written by a friend of mine.
2. A man got on the bus. He was carrying a lot of money in a box.

⮚ The man carrying/who was carrying…

3. In the street there were several people. They were waiting for the shop to open.
 ⮚ In the street there were several people waiting/ who were waiting

4. Britain imports many cars. They were made in Japan.

⮚ Britain imports many cars made/ which were made…

5. There are a lot of people in your office. They want to talk to you.

⮚ There are a lot of people in your office wanting to talk/who want to talk…

6. The cowboy fell off his horse. He had been wounded by an arrow.

⮚ The cowboy who had been wounded/having been wounded…

7. Most of the people recovered quickly. They were injured in the crash.

⮚ Most of the people who were injured/ injured…

8. John looked anxiously at his watch. He wished he hadn’t come to the party.

⮚ John looked anxiously at his watch wishing/that he wished…

9. The children were playing football in the schoolyard. They were my students.

⮚ The children who was playing/playing football in the schoolyard were my students

10. Vietnam exports a lot of rice. It is grown mainly in the south of the country.

⮚ Vietnam exports a lot of rice which is grown/grown…

II/ Choose the best answer:

1. Jean Fragonard was a French artist ______ portrait of children.
a. whose paintings b. who has painted
c. who painted d. whose painted
2. Portland, Maine, is ______ the poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow spent his early years.
a. where b. which c. what d. that
3. These adults, ______ come to my night class, are very eager to learn.
a. whose b. who c. that d. when
4. Regina, ______ you have never met before, is a genius in painting.
a. that b. whose c. whom d. whoever
5. The paintings _______ Mr Flowers has in his house are worth around $ 100,000.
a. which b. whose c. what d. whom
6. Walkers can unwittingly damage the fragile environment ______.
a. that the birds live b. where the birds live in
c. which live the birds d. in which the birds live
7. Wild animals ______ in their natural habitat will have a better and longer life than those which are kept
in protected areas.
a. live b. to live c. living d. lived
8. There should be some measures to protect the humpback whale, ______ an endangered species.
a. to consider b. considered c. consider d. is considered
9. We should participate in the movement ______ to conserve the natural environment.
a. organized b. to organize c. organizing d. organize
10. The school has been given 20 computers, half of ______ are brand new.
 a. that b. those c. them d. which
11. The computer, ______ the memory capacity has just been upgraded, is among the latest generations.
a. that b. whose c. of which d. which of
12. Several cars ______ owners had parked them under the trees, were damaged.
A. their B. of which C. whom D. whose
13. My English teacher, Mrs Brookes, was someone ______ I had great respect.
A. that B. whom C. for who D. for whom
14. She joined the local tennis club, ______ were at least 60.
A. most of its members B. most whose members
C. most of whose members D. most members
15. A lack of cross-cultural awareness can result in misinterpretation, ______
A. that offense may cause B. which may cause offense
C. those may cause offense D. for which may cause offense
16. Fleming's discovery of penicillin, ______, had a major influence on the lives of people in the 20th
century.
A. awarded the Nobel Prize
B. which awarded the Nobel Prize
C. that he was awarded the Nobel Prize for
D. for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize
17. Neil Armstrong, ______ person to set foot on the moon, reported that the surface was fine and powdery.
a. the first b. to be the first c. was the first d. as the first
18. The Massachusetts State House, ______ in 1798, was the most distinguished building in the United
States at that time.
a. completing b. which was completed
c. was completed d. to be completed
19. Lady Astor was the first woman ______ her seat in Parliament.
a. take b. to take c. taking d. who takes
20. Norman Weiner, ______ mathematician and logician, had an important role in the development of the
computer.
a. who as a b. was a c. whom was a d. a