Thec

asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Vi
sha
lJe
etv.Uni
onofI
ndi
a&Or
s,(
1990)3SCC318
I
SSUE-
Whet
heradi
rec
ti
onc
anbei
ssue
dbySupr
emeCour
ttoCe
ntr
alBur
eauofI
nve
sti
gat
ion(
CBI
)fors
ucha
n
e
nqui
ry?

Ra
tioDe
cide
ndi
-
Thec ourtcons i
deredt hema t
teroneofgr eati
mpor t
anceandnot edthatArti
c le23oft hec onstitution
guarantees“Righta ga i
nstExpl oita
ti
on”a ndpr ohibit
shuma ntr
affic
kingina nyf orm. Ac ontr
a ve ntionof
thi
sa rti
cl
ei spunisha ble.Mor eover,Ar t
icle35(a)(ii
)stat
esthatnotwiths
tandinga nythingi nthe
consti
tuti
on ,Parli
a me ntshallhave( notthes t
atelegisl
ature
)thepowe rtoma kel awsf orpr es
c ribing
punishme ntagainsta nythingtha ti
spuni shableunde rt
hec onst
ituti
on.Thec our talsonot edtha t
subsecti
ons( e)and( f)ofAr ticle39oft hec onsti
tuti
ons ta
tethatthestat
eshoul ddi rectitspolic ytowa rds
ensuringthatchildrena tat e
nde ragea renota bused,andy outha r
eprotect
eda gainstexpl oi
tationa nd
mor a
la ndma teri
a laba ndonme nt.Thec ourtalsoc onsi
de r
edseve r
alotherle
gi slat
ionst hatgua ra nteechil
d
prote
c ti
on.Suc ha stheI mmor alTr aff
icPr event
ionAc t,1956;TheJ uvenil
eJ us ti
ceAc t,1986;Se ction
366-A,366- B,372, 373ofTh eIndianPe nalCode ,1860.

Thecour
tdeci
dedthataCBIi
nqui
rythrought
hele
ngt
hsa
ndwidthsoft
heenti
recount
ryisnotnee
ded.
Thi
sma l
adycanonlybeer
adi
cat
edthroughst
ri
nge
ntl
awenf
orc
eme nt
.Inl
ightofwhic
hthecourtmade
t
hefoll
owingdi
rect
ions
:

1. All
-St
at
eGovernment
sandGovernme
ntsofUTss
houl
ddi
rec
tla
wenf
orc
eme
nta
genc
iest
ota
ke
spe
edyact
ioni
nera
dicat
ingc
hil
dpros
ti
tut
ion.

2. St
at
eGove
rnme
ntsa
ndUTss
houl
dse
tups
epa
rat
eAdvi
sor
ycommi
tt
eesi
nthe
irr
espe
cti
vez
one
s.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ga
ura
vJa
inv.Uni
onofI
ndi
a&Or
s,1997(
8)SCC114
I
SSUE-
 Whata
rether
ightsoftheprost
it
ute
s’chil
dre
nandwhats
houl
dbethecour
seofact
iont
os e
par
ate
t
hechi
ldr
enfr
omt heirmotherandothers
uchpeopl
esoa
stoprovi
det
hems a
fet
yandensuret
hei
r
r
eha
bil
ita
ti
oninthena t
ion’
smainst
ream?
  Wha
tst
rat
egys
houl
dbef
ormul
at
edt
oel
imi
nat
epr
ost
it
uti
on?

DECI
SION-
TheCourtgavec
omprehens
ivedi
rect
ionsr
egar
dingt
her
esc
uea
ndr
ees
tabl
is
hme
ntofpr
ost
it
ute
sand
t
heirc
hil
dreninsoc
iet
y.Thesedi
rec
ti
onsincl
ude:
-

1. I
tst
ate
dthatt
hewome ninvol
vedinprosti
tut
ionwerenotof
fender
s,r
athe
rtheyshoul
dbevi
ewe
d
a
svict
imsoftheirunf
avorabl
esoci
o-e
c onomiccondi
ti
ons.I
temphasi
zedma ki
ngthewomen
e
conomic
all
yi ndepen
dentthr
oughsel
f-employmentandvocat
iona
ltr
aini
ng.

2. TheCourtdi
rec
tedt
hes
ett
ingupofj
uve
nil
ehome
sfort
hec
hil
dre
ntoe
nsur
ethe
irr
eha
bil
it
at
ion
ands
afet
y.

3. Itd
irec
tedf
orthec
ompos
it
ionofac
ommi
tt
eet
ost
udyt
hei
ssuea
ndf
ormul
at
esc
heme
sfort
he
upl
ift
mentoft
hevic
ti
ms.

Howe ver
,thesecondjust
ic
e ,J
ust
iceWa dhwadi s
sent
edwi t
htheopi
nionofJ
usti
ceRamaswamyonone
i
ssue.Heobs er
vedthatinthepre
sentca
s e,thei
ssuer
aise
dinthepet
it
ionwasthere
habi
li
tat
ionofthe
chi
ldrenofprost
itut
esandnottheeli
minationofpros
ti
tut
ionorther
ehabi
li
ta
ti
onofthepr
ostit
ute
s.

Aft
erthisjudgment,are
viewpe t
it
ionwa sfi
ledandt hepet
it
ionwa st
ransf
erre
dt oathre
e-j
udgebench,
whi
chwa slar
gerthant
hebe nc
hint heori
ginalcase
.Thede cis
ioninthere
viewpe ti
ti
onoverr
ule
dthe
f
ir
stjudgme ntrel
ati
ngtothedir
ecti
onsformulatedfortheel
iminat
ionofprost
itut
ion.Butt
heguidel
ine
s
f
ormulatedforthepros
ti
tute
s’chi
ldreninthefir
stcasewe r
eupheldintherevi
ewpe ti
ti
onals
o.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Kr
ishna
mur
thy@ Ta
ilorKr
ishna
nv.Publ
icPr
ose
cut
or,Ma
dra
s,
AI
R1967SC567
I
SSUE-
Whe
the
rtheappe
ll
ant
'sconvi
ct
ionunde
rse
cti
on3(
1)oft
hes
uppr
ess
ionofI
mmor
alTr
aff
ici
nWome
n
a
ndGir
lsActwascor
rec
t?

DECI
SION-
TheSupr
emeCour
the
ldtha
tonewillbegui
lt
yoftheof
fenc
eunde
rse
cti
on3(
1)oft
heAc
tifhedoe
sany
oft
heact
sment
ion
edi
nthatsub-
sec
tioni
nrel
ati
ontoabrot
hel
.

TheSupr
emeCourtst
atedthatthecirc
umsta
ncessurroundingthelocat
ionandtheper
sonincont
rolc
oul
d
onl
yme a
nthatt
heloca
tionwa sbeinguse
da sabrothelandthattheper
s oni
nc ha
rgewaskeepi
ngitt
hat
way.‘
Iti
snotre
qui
redthatther
es houl
dbeevidenceofrecurre
ntvisit
sbype r
sonstot
hesit
efor
prostit
uti
on,
’thecour
taddedindi
smis
singtheappea
l.Asi
ngleinc
ide
nt,whencombi
nedwi
ththe
surroundi
ngc i
rcumst
ances
,issuf
fi
ci
enttoprovebot
htha
ttheloca
ti
onwa sbe
inguse
dasabr
othela
nd
thatthepers
ona cc
usedwaskeepi
ngit
.

Final
lytheSupre
meCourthel
dthatt
hefact
sfoundi
nthepre
sentca
sejus
ti
fytheconc
lusi
ontha
tth
e
appel
lantwaskeepi
ngabrot
hela
thishous
e.Theappel
la
nt'
sconvi
ct
ionunde
rs e
cti
on3(1)oft
heActi
s
t
he r
eforecor
rec
t.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Chit
anJ.Va
swani&Anrv.St
ateofWe
stBe
nga
l&Anr
.,AI
R
1975SC2473
I
SSUE-
PowerofMagi
st
rat
eunders
ect
ion18(2)t
oorde
revi
ct
ionwhe
nt he
reisac onvi
ct
ionunde
rse
cti
on3or
sec
ti
on7ofSuppr
essi
onofImmoralTraf
fi
cinWomenandGi
rlsAct,1956.

DECI
SION-
Ac l
osere
adingofsec
ti
on18(2)indi
cate
sthatt
heordersundersect
ion18( 1),refe
rre
dtother
ein,donot,
wholes
ale
,importt
hesubs
tan
tivepara
graphofsect
ion18(1),butonlythee vict
ingorde
rscont
a i
nedin
se
cti
on18(2),cl
aus
es(a)a
nd(b).Wha ti
s,byaprocessofabbrevi
ati
on,i mportedintos
ecti
on18(2)ist
he
dec
reta
lpartofs
ect
ion18(
1)totheextenti
tiswri
tt
eni nt
osecti
on18( 1),(a)and(b).

Thi sCourtinSub- Div.Ma gi

str
atev.Ra mKa l
i,AIR1968SC1he ldthats ection18( 1)dealswi thone
classands ect
ion18( 2)relate
stoa notherclas
s.Section18(1)isas umma r
ypr oceduref orclosingdown
obnoxi ousplacesofpr ost
itut
ion,wi t
houtgoingthrought hedetai
le dpr oces sofac riminalpr osecuti
on,It
isaqui ck-ac
tingde fensi
veme c
hani s
m,c al
culat
edt oe xt
inguis
ht hebr othe landpr omot eimme diat
emor al
sanitat
ion,havingre gardtothesoc i
alsuscepti
bil
it
yofpl ace
slikes hrines,s chools,hostels
,hos pital
sand
thel i
ke,sect
ion18( 2)ont heotherha nd,opera
tesonl ywhe r
epe rsonsha vebe enc onvictedofof f
ences
unde rsect
ion3ors ecti
on7.Thust heplaceisfoundt obeputt opr ostit
utiona luse,inac ri
mi na ltr
ial
.It
standst orea
sont hatifthepurposeofe xtir
pati
ngthec omme r
cialvi cefromt hatve nuewe ret obe
succ es
sful,t
heoc cupiermus tbeexpe ll
edtherefr
om.Thi si
sprecise l
ywha tha sbe endonei nt hepr es
ent
case .

Fi
nall
y,t
heSupr
emeCourtdi
smis
sedthea
ppea
l,anduphe
ldt
hepowe
roft
heMa
gis
tra
tet
oor
dere
vic
ti
on
whenthe
rei
saconvi
ct
ionunders
ect
ion3ors
ecti
on7.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ha
rji
tSi
nghvs
.St
ateofPunj
ab(
2011)4SCC441
I
SSUE-
1. Whe
the
rHa
rji
tSi
ngh(
appe
ll
ant
)isgui
lt
yofof
fen
ces
ect
ion18oft
heNDPSAc
t?

2. Whet
herame
nde
dnoti
fi
cati
onunders
e c
ti
on2oftheNDPSAc tc
anbea
ppl
ie
dtoac
asewhe
re
t
heof
fenc
ewascommi
tte
dbe f
orea
me ndmentoft
henot
if
ica
ti
on?

DECI
SION-
TheSupr
emeCour
tal
sodi
smi
sse
dthea
ppe
ala
ndobs
erve
dasf
oll
ows
-

Iti
sas e
ttl
edlegalpr
oposi
ti
onthatapenalprovisi
onprovi
dingforenhanci
ngthesentencedoesnot
oper
ateret
rospec
tive
lyThea mende
dNo t
if
icat
iondate
d18 .
11.2009cannotbeappli
edr e
trospe
cti
vel
y
beca
usea mendedhoti
fi
cat
ioninfact
,provide
sf orapr
ocedurewhichma yenha
nc ethesentenc
e.Thus,i
ts
appl
icat
ionwouldbeviola
tiveofre
str
icti
onsimposedbyAr ti
cl
e20oft heConsti
tut
ionofI ndi
a.

Intheinst
antcase
,themateria
lrecover
edf r
omtheappell
antwasopium.Itwa
sofacommerc
ialqua
nti
ty
andcouldnothavebeenforpe r
sonalconsumpti
onoftheappel
la
nt.Thusthea
ppel
la
ntbe
ingin
posses
sionofthecont
rabandsubstanc
eh adviol
at
edtheprovi
si
onsofs e
cti
on8oft
heNDPSAc tandwas
ri
ghtl
yc onvi
ct
e dunderse
c t
ion18(b)oftheNDPSAc t
.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
I
ndi
anHarmReduc
tionNe
twor
kvs
.Uni
onofI
ndi
a2012Bom
CR(Cri
)121
I
SSUE-
Whe
the
rmanda
tor
ydeathpena
lt
yprovi
dedunders
ect
ion31AoftheNDPSActcont
ravene
sAr t
ic
les14
a
nd21oft
heCons
ti
tut
ion.I
fanswe
risyes
,thenwhet
herse
cti
on31AoftheAc
tisunconst
it
uti
onal
.

DECI
SION-
TheBomba yHi ghCour theldthats ect
ion31Aoft heNDPSAc tisviol
ati
veofAr ti
cle21oft he
Constit
utionofIndia,asitprovide sformanda t
orydeathpenalt
ybuti tre
ject
edthec hall
engethatsection
31Aoft heAc tisviolat
iveofAr t
icle14oftheCons ti
tuti
onofIndi aonughttobea chievedtheground
tha
tdi s
tinct
ionbetwe enpersonsc overedbyl aw(sect
ion31A)a ndt hos
eleftoutofitisbasedona n
int
ell
igibledif
fere
ntia,andthatdif fe
renti
aha sarat
ionalnexustotheobjectFurthe
ri ns
teadofde c
laring
sec
tion31Aa sunconstit
uti
ona l
,a ndvoi dabinit
iothecourtaccededthatse
c t
ion31Ama ybec onstr
ue das
dir
ectorybyr ea
dingdownt hee xpression"shal
lbepunishablewithde a
thassought" maybepuni shable
withdea t
hinrelat
iont otheoffenc escovere
dunde rsecti
on31Aoft heActThus ,t
heCour thasdiscr
e tion
toimpos
epuni
shmentspeci
fi
e di
ns e
cti
on31oft
heActforof
fencesc
overe
dbysect
ion31Aoft
heAct
But,i
nappr
opri
at
ec a
ses,t
heCour tc
anawardde
athpe
nalt
yfortheof
fenc
escove
redbysec
ti
on31A.
uponrec
ord
ingrea
sonsthe
refor.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ka
rna
ilSi
nghvs
.St
ateofHa
rya
na(
2009)8SCC539
I
SSUE-
Whethe
rsec
tion42oft
heNDPSismanda
tor
ya ndwhet
herf
ail
uret
ota
kedownt
heinf
ormat
ioni
n
wr
it
ingandfort
hwit
hsend
ingar
epor
ttoi
mme dia
tes
eni
oroff
ice
rwoul
dcaus
epr
ejudi
cet
otheac
cus
ed?

DECI
SION-
Cour the l
dt hattot
alnon-compl i
anceofsect
ion42i simpe r
missi
ble.Forj usti
fi
edde layCour tobserved
thatifa nyde l
ayma yres
ultsintheaccusedescapingorthegoodsore vi
de ncebeingde s
troye dorremoved,
notr ecordinginwr iti
ngtheinformati
onreceivedbeforeini
ti
ati
nga ctionornon-s e
ndingac opyofs uch
inf
or ma ti
ont otheof f
ici
alsuperi
orfort
hwithma ynotbet rea
tedasvi olat
ionofs ecti
on42.[I nspecial
cir
c ums tancesinvolvi
nge me r
gentsit
uati
ons,therecor
dingoftheinf ormationinwr i
tinga nds e
ndinga
copyt he r
e oft
ot heoffi
cialsuper
iorma ygetpostponedbyar eas
ona blepe ri
od,thatisaft
erthes ea
rc h,
entrya nds eiz
u r
e .
]

Forunjustif
iedde l
a yButiftheinfor
ma ti
onwa srecei
vedwhe nthepo li
ceoffi
cerwa sinthepol i
cestat
ion
withsuffi
c i
enttimet ota
kea cti
on,andifthepoliceoff
ice
rfailstosendac opythe r
eoft
ot heoffi
c i
al
super
iortheni twillbeas uspic
iouscir
cums t
ancebeingac l
earviolati
onofs e
ction42oft heAc t
.
Simil
arly,whe rethepoliceoffi
cerdoesn otr
ecordtheinf
orma ti
ona tal
l,anddoe snoti
nformt heoffic
ial
super
iora tal
l,thena l
soitwi l
lbeac le
arviol
ationofsect
ion42oft heAc t.Thisverdi
ctfurther
str
engthenedthea me ndme ntofsect
ion42wi t
he ff
ectfr
om2. 10.2001rela
xingt heti
mefors e
ndingthe
i
nforma t
ionf r
omf ort
hwithtowi t
hin72hours.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Vij
ays
inhCha
ndubhaJ
ade
javs
.St
ateofGuj
ara
t(2011)1SCC
609
I
SSUE-
whet
herSe
cti
on50oftheNarc
oti
cDr ugsa
ndPsychot
ropi
cSubstance
sAct,1985(
“t
heNDPSAc t
”)c
ast
adut
yontheempower
e dof
fi
cert
o‘i
nform’t
hes
uspectofhi
srighttobes
ea r
chedi
nthepr
ese
nceofa
Gaze
tte
dOf f
ice
roraMa gi
st
rat
e,i
fhesodesir
esorwhethe
rameree
nqui
rybythes
aidof
fi
cerasto
whet
herthes
uspec
twouldli
ketobesear
chedint
hepresen
ceofaMagi
st
rat
eoraGazet
te
dOf f
ice
rcanbe
sa
idtobeduecompli
anc
ewi t
hthemandat
eoftheSect
ion.

DECI
SION-
Thec our tafterdis cussingt heBa ldevs ingh'sc asec onclud e
dt hattheobj ectwithwhi chrightunde r
Secti
on50( 1)oft heNDPSAc t,bywa yo fas afe gua rd,hasbe enc onferredont hesuspe c
t,t oc heckthe
mi s
useofp owe r
,t oa voidha rmt oi nnoc entpe rsonsa ndt omi nimisethea ll
ega t
ionsofpl anti
ngorf oi
sti
ng
offalsec asesbyt hel awe nfor ce me nta gencies;i twoul dbei mpe rat
iveont hepa rtofthee mpowe r
ed
offi
certoa ppr i
set hepe rsoni nt e ndedt ob es earc hedofhi srighttobes ear
chedbe foreaGa zett
e dOf f
icer
oraMa gi st
rate.Ithe ldt hatt heobl iga ti
onoft hea uthorisedof f
icerunde rsub-secti
on( 1)ofSe c t
ion50of
theNDPSAc tisma nda torya ndr e
qui reas tri
c tc ompl iance.Fa il
uretoc ompl ywi t
hthepr ovi s
ionwoul d
renderther ec overyoft hei ll
ic ita rt
icles uspecta ndvi ti
atethec onvictionifthes ameisr ecordedonl yon
thebasisoft here cove ryoft hei llic
ita rti
clef r
omt hepe rsonoft hea ccuseddur i
ngs uchs earch.Itfurt
he r
heldthatt hec on ceptof“ subs t
a nt i
alcompl iance ”wi thther equireme ntofSe cti
on50oft heNDPSAc t
intr
oduc eda ndr ea di ntothema ndateoft hes a
idSe cti
oni nJ osephFe rnandez2001( 1)SCC707a nd
PrabhaSha nka rDube y2004( 2)SCC56i sne it
he rbor neou tfromt hel anguageofs ub-sect
ion( 1)of
Secti
on50nori tisi nc ons ona nc ewi tht hedi c
tuml aiddowni nBa ldevSi ngh’scase.Itals
os ugge s
tedthat
inordert oi mpa rta uthentic i
ty,t ranspa rencya ndc reditwor t
hinesstot hee nti
reproceedings ,i
nt hef i
rst
inst
ance ,ane ndea vours houl dbet opr oduc ethes uspe ctbeforethene a r
estMa gistr
ate,whoe njoysmor e
confi
de nc eoft hec ommonma nc ompa redt oa nyot herof fi
ce r
.

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asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Uni
onofI
ndi
avs
.Moha
nla
l&Anr(
2016)3SCC379
I
SSUE-
Whatpr
oce
dures
houl
dbea
dopt
edf
ordi
spos
alofNa
rcot
icDr
ugsa
ndPs
ychot
ropi
candSubs
tanc
esa
nd
c
onveya
nce?

DECI
SION-
Thec ourtheldthatNos oone rtheseizureofa nyNa rcoti
cDr ugsa ndPsychotropicandc ont
rolled
Subst
a ncesandConve ya nce si
se f
fect
e d, t
hes ames hallbefor wardedtotheof f
icerin-
chargeoft he
near
es tpoli
ces ta
ti
onort ot heoffic
ere mpowe redunde rSection53oft heAc t.Theof f
icerconce r
ned
shal
lthe napproachtheMa gist
ratewitha na pplica
tionunde rSe c
tion52A( i
i)oftheAc t,whichs hallbe
all
owe dbyt heMa gi
str
a tea ssoona sma yber equir
e dunderSub-Se ct
ion3ofSe ct
ion52A,a sdisc
us s
ed
byusi nthebo dyoft hisj udgme ntunde rthehe adi
ng„ seiz
urea nds ampli
ng‟.Thes a
mpl i
ngs hallbedone
underthes upervis
ionoft hema gist
rat
ea sdiscussedinpa ra
s13a nd14oft hisorder.

TheCe
ntr
alGove
rnme
nta
ndi
tsa
genc
iesa
nds
oal
sot
heSt
at
eGove
rnme
ntss
hal
lwi
thi
nsi
xmont
hsf
rom
todaytakea
ppropri
at
este
pstosetupstor
agefa
cil
iti
esforthee xclus
ivest
orageofsuchsei
zurduly
equippedwit
hvault
sanddoubl
elockingsys
temtopreventtheft,pil
fer
ageorrepl
acementofthesei
zed
drugs.TheCentr
alGover
nmentandtheStat
eGove r
nme nt
ss hallals
odesignat
eanoffi
cereachforpr
oper
securi
tyaga
instt
heft
,pi
lf
era
georreplace
mentoftheseize
ddr ugs.

TheCe ntr
alGover
nmenta
ndtheSt
at
eGover
nmentssha
llbefr
eet
osetupast
oragefa
cil
it
yforeac
h
di
st
ric
ti ntheSt
at
esanddepe
ndi
ngupont
heext
entofse
izur
eandst
orere
qui
red,ones
tor
agefac
il
it
yfor
morethanonedist
ri
ct
s.

Dispos
alofthesei
zeddrugscur
rentlylyi
nginthepol
ic
ema a
lkhansandot
herpl
ace
susedfors
tor
age
sha
llbec a
rri
edoutbytheDDCsc oncern
edinter
msofthedi
rect
ionsis
sue
dbyusinthebodyoft
his
j
udgme ntundert
heheading‟
disposalofdrugs
‟.

Thec ourtals
oreques
tedtheChiefJust
ice
softheHighCourt
sconcer
nedtoappoi
ntaCommit
teeof
Judgesont headmini
str
ati
vesi
det osuper
vis
ea ndmoni
torpr
ogres
sma debyther
espe
cti
veSt
at
e si
n
regar
dt othecomplia
ncewiththeabovedire
cti
ons.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
M.Moha
mme
dv.Uni
onofI
ndi
aW.
A.No.
1491of2014
I
SSUE-
Whe
the
runga
rbl
edbe
telnut
sfa
llunde
rthec
ate
gor
yoff
ood?

DECI
SION-
Thec ourti
ntheli
ghtofthec as
eofALMa rwa'
sobservedthatther
eisnodiffere
nceinprescri
ptionof
st
anda r
dsinrespe
ctofdryf r
uit
sa ndnutsunderthePFAAc torFSSAc t.Theref
ore,f
ornonc onformit
y
ofthes tandar
dspres
c r
ibedfordryf ruit
sandnuts,bet
elnutsimpor t
edbythepe t
iti
oner
sc a
nnotbe
det
a ined.Howe ve
r,t
hec ourtaske dwhe t
hergoodsimporte
df orwhic
hnopr escr
ipt
ionofstandardsare
pre
s cribedundert
heFSSAc tca nbedi re
ctedtoberel
e a
sedi fiti
sfoundthatgoodsarecont
a minate
dor
unfitforhuma nconsumptionori njuri
oustohuma nli
fe.

Att heriskofrepetit
ion,thisCourtpert
inentl
ypointsoutt
hatthete
rm'Food"unde rthePreventi
onof
FoodAdul te
rati
onAc t
,1954i stoincl
udea nya r
ti
clewhichisuse
da sfoodordrinkforhuma n
cons umptionotherthandr ugsandwa t
erwhe r
easwordFooda sdef
inedundersecti
on3( 1)(
j)oftheFood
Safetya ndStandardsAc t,2006isalli
nclusiveandpe r
vasi
veonedeali
ngwi t
ha nysubstancewhe t
her
proce s
sed,part
ial
lypr ocessedorunprocessedwhichisint
endedforhuma nconsumptionandi nc
lude
prima r
yf oodtothee xtentdefi
nedinc l
ause3( z
k),genet
ic
all
ymodi f
iedorengineere
df oode t
c.
Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
M/sNestl
eIndi
aLimi
tedv.TheFoodSafet
yandSt
anda
rds
Author
it
yofIndi
aW.P( L)No.1688of2015
I
SSUE-
Ne
stle(
Indi
a)cha
ll
enge
dthena
ti
onwi
deba
nimpos
edbyt
heFoodAut
hor
it
yoni
tspopul
arpr
oduc
t
MaggiI
nsta
ntNoodl
es.

Whethe
ritwa ses
tabl
ishedbytheFoodAuthori
tytha
tthelea
dbeyondt
hepermi
ssi
blel
imitwasf
oundin
t
heproductofth
ePe t
it
ionerandthepr
oductofthePet
it
ione
rwasmisbr
ande
dona c
countofadec
lar
ati
on
madebythePe t
it
ione
rt ha
tthepr
oductcont
aine
d" NoaddedMSG" ?

DECI
SION-
Cour
taf
tere
xami
ningt
her
iva
lcont
ent
ionsi
ngr
eatde
tai
l,weha
vec
omet
othec
onc
lus
iont
hat

(a)Pri
nci
plesofnat
ura
ljust
ic
eha venotbeenfol
lowedbefor
epassi
ngtheimpugnedorder
sa ndonthat
groundal
onetheimpugnedorde
rsa r
elia
bletobesetasi
de,par
ti
cul
arl
ywhe nthePet
it
ioner-Compa ny,
onedaypriortot
heimpugnedorders
,hadgivenaPressRelea
setha
tithadre
call
edtheproductt
il
lthe
author
it
ie
swe resa
ti
sfi
edaboutsafe
tyofit
sproduct.

(
b)Secondl
y,wehavehel
dt ha
ttheFoodLabora
tor
ieswher
ethesa
mpleswe
retest
edwerenota
ccre
dit
ed
a
ndrecogni
zedLabor
ator
iesasprovi
dedunde
rtheAc ta
ndRegul
at
ionsf
ort
est
ingpre
senceofl
eadand
t
her
eforenore
li
ancecoul
dbepl a
c e
donthesai
dres
ults.

(
c)Wehavef
urt
herhel
dthatt
hemandat
orypr
ocedur
ewhic
hha st
obef
oll
owe
daspe
rSe
cti
on47(
1)of
t
heAc
tandRegul
ati
onsfr
amedthe
reunde
r,wasnotf
oll
owed.

(
d)Thei
mpugne
dor
der
sar
ehe
ldt
obev
iol
at
iveofAr
ti
cl
es14,19(
1)(
g)oft
heCons
ti
tut
ionofI
ndi
a.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ka
lic
har
anMa
hapa
trav.St
ateofOr
iss
aAI
R1998SC2595
I
SSUE-
Whe
the
r"ar
eti
redpubl
ics
erva
nt"c
anbepr
ose
cut
edunde
rse
cti
on19oft
hePCAc
t.

DECI
SION-
Thec ourtheldt hatitmustberemembe redthatins piteofbr ingi ngsuchas i
gnificantchangetos ect
ion
197oft heCodei n1973,thePa r
li
ame ntwa scircums pecte noughnott ochanget hewor dinginsecti
on19
oftheP. C.Ac twhi chdealswit
hs a
nction.Ther easoni sobvi ous .Thes a
nctionc ontemplate
di nsecti
on
197oft heCodec onc e
rnsapublicser
va ntwho" isa ccusedofa nyoffencealle
ge dtoha vebeenc ommi t
te
d
byhimwhi lea cti
ngorpur por
ti
ngtoa ctinthedi sc
ha rgeofhi sof fi
ci
alduty",whe reastheoffences
conte
mpl a
tedi ntheP.C.Ac tar
ethosewhi c
hc annotbet rea t
e da sactseit
herdirectl
yore venpur port
edly
doneint hedis chargeofhisoff
ici
aldutie
s .Parl
iame ntmus tha vede si
redtoma intainthedist
inct
iona nd
hencethewor dingi nt
hec or
res
pondingpr ovisi
oni nthef orme rP.C.Ac twasma ter
iall
yimpor te
di nthe
newP. C.Ac t,1988wi t
houtanychangeins pi
teoft hecha ngema deinsecti
on197oft heCode .

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ka
nwa
rji
tSi
nghKa
kka
rv.St
ateOfPunj
ab(
2011)6S.
C.R.895
I
SSUE-
Whe t
heragover
nmentdoct
oral
le
gedtobedoi
ngpracti
cecanbebookedwit
hint
heambitandpurvi
ewof
thePre
vent
ionofCorr
upti
onActorunde
rIndi
anPenalCode,ort
hesamewouldamounttomisc
onduct
undert
hePunja
bCivilMedic
al(
Stat
eServi
ceCla
ssI)Rules
,1972underr
ule15.

DECI
SION-
Courtheldt
hati
fapa rt
icul
arprof
ess
ionaldis
char
gesthedutyofadoctor,t
hatbyi t
sel
fisnota noffe
nc e
butbecomesanoffe
nc ebyvirt
ueofthefactt
hati
tcontr
avenesabarimposedbyac i
rcularorinst
ruc
tion
ofthegover
nment.Inthateve
nt,t
hes a
idactcl
earl
ywouldf a
llwit
hintheambi tofmisconducttobede a
lt
withundert
heServiceRulesbutwouldnotconst
it
utecr
iminalof
fenceunderthePreventionof
Corrupt
ionAct.

Inthiscase ,thec onductoft hea ppell

antswhoa r
ea ll
ege dtoha vei ndul gedi npr i
va t
epr actic
ewhi le
holdingtheof ficeofgove r
nme ntdoctora ndhe nc epublics e
rvanta tthemos t
,c ouldbepr oceededwithfor
department alpr oc eedi
ngund ertheSe rviceRul esbuti nsof arasma ki ngoutofa nof f
e ncee it
herunder
thePr e
vent ionofCor r
upt i
onAc torunde rt heIPC,woul dbedi fficulttos us t
aina sweha vea l
ready
observedt ha te xaminationofpa t
ientsbydoc torandthe rebyc hargingpr ofessi
ona lfee,byi ts
elf,would
notbea nof fenc ebuta spert hec omplaint,s i
ncet hesamewa sc ontraryt ot hegove rnme ntc i
rcularwhic
h
inst
ructedt ha tprivatepr ac
ticema ybec onduc tedbyt hego vernme ntdoc t
orsint heSta t
eofPunj ab
providedpe rmi ssionwa ssou ghtf r
omt heGove r
nme ntint hi
sr egard,t hea ppellantswe ref i
ttobe
prosecuted. He nc e,theresponde ntstat
ema ybej ust
ifi
edi fitproc e
e dsunde rthePunj abCi vi
lSe r
vices
(Punishme n ta ndAppe al)Ru lesagainstthea ppellant
si ni
tiati
nga ctionf ormi s
c onduct.Howe vertheFIR
regis
teredunde rIPCorPr eve nt
ionofCor ruptionAc tisno tfi
ttobes ustainedthe ref
orei tisqua s
hed.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Abha
ySi
nghCha
uta
lav.C.
B.I(
2011)7SCC141
I
SSUE-
Whe
the
rsa
nct
ionwa
sre
qui
redf
orpr
ose
cut
ingt
hea
ppe
ll
ant
s?

DECI
SION-
TheSupremeCourto bs
erve
dthatt
her
ei snoneedofrec
ons i
der
ati
onoft
heAntul
ay'
scas
easithass
tood
t
hetes
toftimeandi twil
lbeunwis
etodi s
turbt
hedeci
sion.Thear
gumentt
hatt
heAntul
ay'
scasei
shitby
t
hedoctr
ineofperincuri
amwa sal
sonegatedbythec
our t
.

TheCour tconcluded:Ther e
levantti
me ,ashe l
dinS. A.Ve nkata
ramanv.Stateist heda
teonwhi chthe
cognizancei sta
ke n.Ifonthatdat
e ,t
hea ppe l
lantisnotapubl i
cs e
rvant
,ther
ewi llbenoque st
ionofa ny
sanct
ion.I fhecont i
nuestobeapubl icserva ntbutinadi f
ferentcapa
cit
yorhol di
ngadi ffe
rentof fi
cethan
theonewhi chisallegedtohavebe enabus ed,stil
ltherewillbenoque s
ti
onofs anc ti
onandinth atcase,
ther
ewi lla l
sobenoque st
ionofa nydou bta ri
singbec a
usethedoubtc a
na r
iseonlywhe nthesa ncti
oni s
neces
s a
r y.Inc a
seoft hepresentappel
lants,therewa snoq uesti
onoftherebeinga nydoubtbeca use
basi
call
yt herewasnoque sti
onoft heappe llant
sge tt
inganypr ot
ecti
onbyas anction.

Thus,wea reofthec l
earvi
e wthatt
heHi ghCourtwasabsol
utel
yri
ghti
nrelyi
ngonthedecisi
onin
PrakashSinghBa dalv.Sta
teofPunjabtoholdthatt
heappel
lant
shadabuse
denti
rel
ydiff
erentoff
iceor
off
icestha
nt heonewhi chtheywe r
eholdingonthedat
eonwhi chc
ogniza
ncewastake
na nd,the
refor
e,
the
rewa snone cess
ityofsanct
ionunders e
cti
on19oftheAc t
.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Ra
mJe
thma
lani&Or
s.v.Uni
onofI
ndi
a2011(
10)SCALE691
I
SSUE-
whe
the
rSI
Tca
nbef
orme
dbySupr
emeCour
tforbr
ingi
ngbl
ackmone
yfr
oma
broa
d?

DECI
SION-
TheSupremeCour texpr
esseddi
sma yoverth
ea tti
tudeofGovernme
ntofIndi
aandpull
edthe
Governmentfornotshowingser
iousne
ssinbringingblackmoneyst
ashe
da wayabr
oad.Thecour
t
re
jec
tedthecontent
ionoftheGove r
nmentthatsinceahigh-
leve
lCommi t
te
e(HLC)isalre
adyset
up,t
her
e
i
snone edforSIT.

Af
terobs
erv
ingva
riouspoi
ntst
heSupr
emeCour
tor
der
edt
hef
oll
owi
ng:

(
a)t
hatt
hee xi
sti
ngHi
ghLevelCommitt
eeconst
it
ute
dbythegove
rnmentt
oover
seeandc
oordi
nat
e
i
nve
sti
gat
ionsint
ocas
esofmoneyl
aunder
ingandsta
shi
ngbla
ckmoneyintaxha
vensbef
ort
hwit
h
a
ppoi
nte
dasaSpe
cia
lInve
sti
gat
ionTe
am;

(
b)t
heSI
Twoul
dbehe
ade
dbyt
wof
orme
remi
nentj
udge
soft
heSupr
emeCour
t,

(c)t
heSITwouldberes
ponsibl
eforongoingandfut
urei
nvest
igat
ionsr
egardi
ngunacc
ountedmoniesi
n
theca
sesofHas
anAli,Tapuri
a,andothe
rknowni ns
tanc
es,a
nda l
lothe
rma tt
erswi
threspe
ctt
o
unacc
ounte
dmoniesbei
ngs t
ashe
di nf
oreignbankst
hatmayaris
einthecours
eoftheinves
ti
gat
ion;

(
d)t
hatt
heSI
Twoul
dber
espons
ibl
etot
heCour
t.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
Bi
nodKuma
rv.St
ateofJ
har
kha
nd&Or
s(2011)11SCC463
I
SSUE-
1.Whe
the
rthePMLAc
tisas
elf
-oc
cupi
edCodewhi
let
heAc
tcons
ti
tut
ingt
heCBIi
sli
mit
ed?

2.Whet
her
,inli
ghtofSe
cti
on45(
1A)re
adwit
hSect
ions43and44ofthePMLAct,t
heCBIha
sany
aut
hor
it
ytoinve
sti
gat
eoff
ence
swhic
haret
hesol
edomainoftheEnf
orceme
ntDi
rect
ora
te?

3.Whethe
rtheHi
ghCour
twa
sri
ghti
nbr
ushi
nga
sidea
llt
hea
ll
ega
ti
onsa
gai
nstt
hePI
Landdi
rec
ti
ng
inve
sti
gat
ionbyt
heCBI
?

DECI
SION-
t
heCour
the
lda
sfol
lows
:

(
i)Theof
fi
cer
softheEDareempowe
redtoe
xer
cis
ethepowersundert
heFERAaspe
rSec
tions3&4,
a
ndnoothera
uthor
it
yhasbee
nempowere
dexce
ptastheCent
ralGover
nmentma
yempowerfromt
imet
o
t
ime.

(ii
)FERAi saspeci
alandac ent
rall
egi
sla
tionenac
tedla
terinti
met ha
ntheDSPEAc t
,andSec
ti
on4(
2)
oftheCr.
P.C.ma ke
sitcl
earthatonl
yintheabsenceofanyprovi
sioninanyothe
rlawrela
ti
ngto
inves
ti
gat
ionwillame mberofthepoli
ceforc
ebea ut
hor
izedtoinvest
iga
tetheof
fenc
e.

(
ii
i)TheFERAAc
tisac
omp
let
ecodei
nit
sel
f.

(i
v)Ast heall
ega
ti
onsinthecaserela
tedt
oFERAof f
enc
esouts
ideIndia,andt
heDSPEActunder
Sect
ions1a nd2areaut
hori
zedo nl
ytoinves
ti
gateoff
enc
esinsi
deIndia,theDSPEmembe
ris“not
cl
othedwi t
htheaut
hori
tytoinvest
igat
eoff
ence
sc ommit
tedout
sideIndia”.

Thec
asesa
rec
ompil
edbyABHI SHEKKUMARMI
SHRA,
CLC(3RDYEAR),8299556360
B.Ra
maRa
juv.Uni
onofI
ndi
a(2011)
I
SSUE-
Inthisc
ase,awritpe
ti
tionwasfi
ledcha
ll
engi
ngc e
rta
inprovis
ionsoft
h ePr
eve
nti
onofMoney
Launderi
ngAc t
,2002includi
ngi
tsamendments
.Theprovis
ionofatt
achmenta
ndconf
isc
ati
onunde
r
sec
tion2(1)oft
hePMLA2002wa sc
hall
enged.

DECI
SION-
TheSupr
emeCour
tobs
erve
dasf
oll
ows
:

(i
)Itwashe l
dthatobj
ectofActistopre
ventmoneylaunde
ringandconnect
edact
ivi
ti
esa
ndconfi
sca
ti
on
of"pr
oceedsofcrime"andprevent
ingle
git
imiz
ingofmoneye ar
nedthroughi
ll
egala
ndcri
mina
l
act
ivi
ti
esbyi nve
stment
sinmove ablea
ndimmova bl
eproper
tie
softe
ninvolvi
ngla
yeri
ngofmoney
gener
ate
dt hr
oughill
egalact
ivi
ti
es.

(ii
)Retros
pect
iveope
rati
onofsec
ti
on5ofPMLA,2002wa sal
sochal
le
nged.Theiss
uewaswhe
ther
provi
sionsofs
e c
ondprovi
soofsec
ti
on5wereappli
cabl
etoprope
rtyac
quire
dpriort
oenf
orc
ementof
thi
sprovisi
onandifs
o,whethe
rprovi
si
oni
sinvali
dforret
ros
pect
ivepena
li
zati
on.

Itwa shel
dthathugequa nt
aofille
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cial
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i
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iminali
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e me dy.

(i
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vague ness;inc
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rminat
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tachment/
confirmati
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enceofmone ylaunder
ing;orfor
exclusionofme nsr e
a/knowledgeofc ri
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y.Sect
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enjoinedde pri
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ionofimmova blepropertypursuanttoorderconfi
rmingprovis
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att
achme ntandbeforeconvic
tionofa cc
usedforoffenceofmone y- l
aunderi
ng,wasva l
id.

(
iv)Sect
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posesofActi
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(v)Itwa shel
dthatwhe repropert
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ship,cont
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ions
involvedinmone ylaunderi
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oinedinsec
ti
on23c ome sinto
operati
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oofundersecti
on24ofAc t.