สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.

)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ĒîüìćÜÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøíčøÖĉÝêćöĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ
Guidelines of Business Administration on Buddhist Ethics
ÿößć÷ đïĘâÝüøøèŤ*
Somchai Benjawan
Received : November 9, 2017
Revised : January 31, 2018
Accepted : February 21, 2018
ïìÙĆé÷ŠĂ
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éšü÷éĊðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ đߊî ĀúĆÖóøĀöüĉĀćø 4 ĀúĆÖÿĆÜÙĀüĆêëč 4 đðŨîĀúĆÖ÷ċéđĀîĊę÷üÝĉêĔÝ×ĂÜÖĆîĒúąÖĆî
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ÖĆî ĒïŠÜðŦîîĚĞćĔÝ ïîåćîĒĀŠÜñúÿĆöùìíĉĝ ÙčèÙŠćĒúąðøąē÷ßîŤ 3 ðøąÖćøéšü÷ÖĆî ÙČĂ ßĊüĉêêîđĂÜ ßĊüĉêÙîĂČęîĒúą
ÖćøéĞćøÜßĊüĉêĂ÷ĎŠĔîÿĆÜÙöøüöÖĆî
ÙĞćÿĞćÙĆâ : ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøíčøÖĉÝ / ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ

*ĂćÝćø÷ŤðøąÝĞćÙèąïøĉĀćøíčøÖĉÝ öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷ÿ÷ćö
Faculty of Business Administration Siam University
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ABSTRACT
The objective of this paper was to study the guidelines of business on Buddhist ethics. The
study result revealed that the guidelines of business on Buddhist ethics must start from
human the beginning in all the fundamental factors are: (1) population or people, (2) natural
resources, (3) capital, and (4) knowledge and expertise in production of business. In summary,
people and objects mean people with expertise which it is a matter of people, but natural
resources and capital are a matter of object. Businesses must start with first-person
development to quality, object development is easy. On the Right Livelihood, there are two
categories to consider: (1) wrong livelihood (wrong trade)and (2) right livelihood, abstain
improper action (the five precepts). According to Buddhist ethics, business administration must
adhere to the principles of qualities of a successful businessman with three objects:(1) shrewd,
(2) capable of administering business, (3) having good credit rating on fourfold division of
money with two parts for business from four parts and must practice the principles for
supporting the business to be successful, for example, the four noble sentiments, the four
objects of sympathy, there are principles of kindly treatment between Manufacturer,
consumers, employer and employee which appears in the six directions, it is servants and
workmen as the nadir etc. the guidelines of business on Buddhist ethics can help or support
the placing foundation for prosperity in society as a system to unites of the moral of the
community. It is a direct moral foundation for society to achieve the society’s goals of the
loving-kindness, generosity and sharing on the basis of achievements, values and three
benefits in life; self, others, and living together in society.
Keywords : Business Administration / Buddhist Ethics
ïìîĞć
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đðŨîöćêøåćîÙüćöðøąóùêĉ×ĂÜöîčþ÷ŤđóČęĂđךćëċÜðøąē÷ßîŤ 3 ðøąÖćøêćöúĞćéĆï ĕéšĒÖŠ øąéĆïóČĚîåćîđïČĚĂÜêšî
(ìĉäåíĆööĉÖĆêëą) øąéĆïìŠćöÖúćÜ (ÿĆöðøć÷ĉÖĆêëą) ĒúąøąéĆïÿĎÜ (ðøöĆêëą) (Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a.
Payutto) 2000, p.131) đóČęĂĔĀšöîčþ÷ŤĕéšéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉêĂĆîéĊÜćöêćöĂčéöÙêĉđìŠćìĊęöîčþ÷ŤÝąóċÜðøąóùêĉĒúąéĞćđîĉî
ĕðëċÜĕéš ĔĀšđðŨîöîčþ÷ŤìĊęÿöïĎøèŤ öĊÿêĉðŦââć öĊÙüćöÿč×ĂĆîÿöïĎøèŤìĊęÿčé ēé÷öčŠÜđîšîĔĀšöîčþ÷ŤĔîÿĆÜÙöĕéšðøąóùêĉ
éĊðäĉïĆêĉßĂïĒúąìĞćêîĔĀšđðŨîÙîéĊēé÷÷ċéĀúĆÖýĊúíøøöìćÜýćÿîćđðŨîÖøĂïĔîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉ ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ
ÝċÜߊü÷ĔîÖćøÿøšćÜøąđïĊ÷ïÿĆÜÙöĒúąóøšĂöÖĆïüćÜĒîüÝøĉ÷íøøöêŠćÜė đߊî ÖãĒĀŠÜÖøøö ïćð ïčâ Ùčè ēìþ
ÙüćöđßČęĂđøČęĂÜîøÖ ÿüøøÙŤ đðŨîêšî ĒêŠÿĆÜÙöēúÖÖĘöĊðŦâĀćêŠćÜė đÖĉé×ċĚîêúĂéöćÝîëċÜðŦÝÝčïĆî ēé÷đÞóćąĔî
ÿĆÜÙöđöČĂÜìĊęöĊÖćøđðúĊę÷îĒðúÜìćÜøąïïđýøþåÖĉÝĒúąÿĆÜÙö öĊÖćøîĞćÙüćöøĎšìćÜüĉì÷ćýćÿêøŤĒúąđìÙēîēú÷Ċ
ĔĀöŠė đךćöćĔßšĔîßĊüĉêĒúąĔîÖćøñúĉêõćÙĂčêÿćĀÖøøö đÖĉéÙüćöúčŠöĀúÜĔîüĆêëčĒúąđĀĘîĒÖŠÙüćöÿąéüÖÿïć÷
ĔîßĊüĉê ìĞćĔĀšđÖĉéÙŠćîĉ÷ö ìĆýîÙêĉ ĒúąÙüćöđßČęĂĔĀöŠė đÖĉé×ċĚîĔîĀöĎŠðøąßćßîìĆęüĕð ĂĊÖîĆ÷ĀîċęÜ ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷
ýćÿêøŤĕöŠĔߊĀöć÷đĂćĒêŠđóĊ÷ÜÙüćöðøąóùêĉõć÷îĂÖĂ÷ŠćÜđéĊ÷üđìŠćîĆĚî ĒêŠóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤöĊÙüćöĀöć÷ëċÜÙüćö
ðøąóùêĉõć÷ĔîìĊęúċÖúÜĕðéšü÷ éĆÜîĆĚî ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤĕöŠĔߊךĂðäĉïĆêĉìĊęÝąÖĞćĀîéđĂćêćöÙüćöóĂĔÝ×ĂÜĔÙø
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ÙîĔéÙîĀîċęÜ ĒúąĕöŠĔߊđðŨîĀúĆÖÖćøìĊęÿĆÖĒêŠüŠćÝą÷ċéëČĂđßČęĂêćöė ÖĆîöć ÞąîĆĚî đöČęĂëČĂêćöĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ

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Religious Studies, Ministry of Education, 1999, p.177) íčøÖĉÝ Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøÜćîðøąÝĞćđÖĊę÷üÖĆïĂćßĊó
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đýøþåýćÿêøŤ đߊî íčøÖĉÝđóúÜĀøČĂíčøÖĉÝÙĂöóĉüđêĂøŤ ĔîÖćøÝĆéÖćøìøĆó÷ćÖø ÖćøÙüïÙčöÙîÜćî ĒúąÖćøĒïŠÜ
ÜćîđóČęĂĔĀšÜćîéĞćđîĉîĕðÝîðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝêšĂÜĔßšòŘöČĂĒúąđìÙîĉÙĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĂ÷ŠćÜ÷Ăéđ÷Ċę÷ö
đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęĒìïĕöŠîŠćđßČęĂüŠćđðŨîòŘöČĂöîčþ÷ŤìĊęîĞćöćàċęÜÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝúčúüŠ Üĕðĕéšéšü÷éĊ ñúÜćîìĊęðøćÖäÝċÜđðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęĒÿéÜ
ĔĀšđĀĘîĕéšßĆéüŠćđÖĉé×ċĚîđóøćąÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîìĊęéĊ ÖćøïøĉĀćøíčøÖĉÝÝċÜđðŨîýĉúðąĒĀŠÜÖćøìĞćÜćîĔĀšÿĞćđøĘÝēé÷ĂćýĆ÷
ÙîĂČęî ñĎšéĞćđîĉîÖĉÝÖćøíčøÖĉÝÝċÜêšĂÜđðŨîñĎšìĊęöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëÿĎÜ ÝċÜÿćöćøëïøĉĀćøÜćî ïøĉĀćøíčøÖĉÝĔĀšÿĞćđøĘÝéšü÷éĊ
ĕéš (Chayawatana, K., 2011, p.1)
ĔîēúÖ÷čÙēúÖćõĉüĆêîŤĔîðŦÝÝčïĆîĀøČĂ÷čÙēúÖĕøšóøĀöĒéîìĊę×ĆïđÙúČęĂîēúÖéšü÷ÖøąĒÿìčîîĉ÷öîĊĚ
ÙüćöÖšćüĀîšćìćÜךĂöĎú׊ćüÿćøêúĂéÝîđìÙēîēú÷ĊêŠćÜė ÷ŠĂöÿŠÜñúĔĀšýĆÖ÷õćóĔîÖćøĒ׊Ü×Ćî×ĂÜìčÖėĂÜÙŤÖø
ÿĎÜ×ċĚîêćöúĞćéĆï ĕöŠüŠćÝąđðŨîĕðĔîøąéĆïēúÖ øąéĆïðøąđìý ĔîÿëćïĆîõćÙøĆåĀøČĂđĂÖßî ÙüćöĂ÷ĎŠøĂé×ĂÜ
ĂÜÙŤÖøéĆÜÖúŠćü÷ŠĂö×ċĚîĂ÷ĎŠÖĆïÖćøêĆéÿĉîĔÝĂ÷ŠćÜëĎÖêšĂÜøĂïÙĂïĒúąìĆîêŠĂđĀêčÖćøèŤ ×ĂÜñĎšïøĉĀćøìĊęÝąêšĂÜ
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

óĉÝćøèćìĆĚÜÜćîĒúąÙîĔĀšöĊÙüćöÿč×ĒúąÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ×ĂÜÜćîĕðóøšĂöÖĆî (Refinedprasert, S. 2010, p.125)

ÖúŠćüĕéšüŠć ÖćøìĊęÝąéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔĀšðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝîĆĚî ÝċÜ×ċĚîĂ÷ĎŠÖĆïÖćøöĊìĆÖþąìćÜéšćîÙüćöÙĉéĀøČĂđøĊ÷ÖüŠć
üĉÿĆ÷ìĆýîŤÙČĂ öĊÖćøÙĉéÖüšćÜ öĂÜĕÖú ĔòśÿĎÜ ĀøČĂöĂÜúċÖ îċÖĕÖú ĔÝÖüšćÜ êšĂÜöĊìĆÖþąĔîÖćøÝĆéÖćøìĊęéĊĒúąêšĂÜöĊ
ìĆÖþąĔîÖćøöĊöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤìĊęéĊđóČęĂÖćøÿøšćÜïøø÷ćÖćýìĊęéĊĔîÖćøìĞćÜćîøŠüöÖĆî ñĎšïøĉĀćøĀøČĂñĎšéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔî
ĂÜÙŤÖø ÝċÜÝĞćđðŨîìĊęÝąêšĂÜöĊÙčèúĆÖþèąìĊęéĊéĆÜÖúŠćü đóČęĂĔĀšĂÜÙŤÖø×ĂÜêîîĆĚîïøøúčêćöđðŜćĀöć÷ĀøČĂ
üĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤìĊęêĆĚÜĕüšöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøĂĞćîü÷ÖćøĔĀšõćøÖĉÝ ĀîšćìĊęéĞćđîĉîĕðéšü÷ÙüćöđøĊ÷ïøšĂ÷ĔĀšĕéšñúìĊę
đøĊ÷ÖüŠćÙîÖĘÿĞćøćâÜćîÖĘÿĞćđøĘÝ éĆÜîĆĚî ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤÝċÜîĆïüŠćđðŨîĀúĆÖÖćøéĞćđîĉîÜćîõćÙíčøÖĉÝìĊęîŠćÿîĔÝ
Ēúą÷ĆÜÿćöćøëîĞćöćđðŨîĀúĆÖđóČęĂÖćøïøĉĀćøĔîðŦÝÝčïĆîĕéšđðŨîĂ÷ŠćÜéĊ ðøąÖĂïÖĆïĔîïøĉïì×ĂÜðøąđìýĕì÷öĊ
óøąóčìíýćÿîćđðŨîøąïïïøøìĆéåćîÙüćöđßČęĂëČĂĒúąÙŠćîĉ÷ö×ĂÜÿĆÜÙöĕì÷ đóøćąÞąîĆĚî ĂÜÙŤÖøíčøÖĉÝìčÖ
ĂÜÙŤÖøĔîðøąđìýĕì÷ÿŠüîĔĀâŠÝċÜĕöŠĂćÝðäĉđÿíĕéšüŠćöĊøąïïïøøìĆéåćîÙüćöđßČęĂĒúąÙŠćîĉ÷öìćÜ
óøąóčìíýćÿîćìĊęðøćÖäĂ÷ĎŠĔîÙüćöÙĉé×ĂÜñĎšðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝĒúąïčÙúćÖøĔîĂÜÙŤÖøĂ÷ĎŠđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆî
ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ
óčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤđðŨîĀúĆÖÙĞćÿĂîìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîćìĊęóøąóčìíđÝšćìøÜïĆââĆêĉĕüš đóČęĂđðŨîöćêøåćî
Ùüćöðøąóùêĉ×ĂÜöîčþ÷Ť ēé÷ĒïŠÜĂĂÖđðŨî 3 øąéĆï ĕéšĒÖŠ
1. óčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤøąéĆïêšî ïĆââĆêĉĕüšđóČęĂÙüćöÿÜïÿč×đøĊ÷ïøšĂ÷×ĂÜÿĆÜÙö ĕéšĒÖŠ đïâÝýĊú đðŨîêšî
(Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a. Payutto), 2000, pp.206-207)
2. óčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤøąéĆïÖúćÜ ïĆââĆêĉĕüšđóČęĂĔĀšìčÖÙîðøąóùêĉðäĉïĆêĉĂïøö×ĆéđÖúćêîđĂÜĔĀšöĊ
ÙčèíøøöÿĎÜ×ċĚî ĕéšĒÖŠ ÖčýúÖøøöïë 10 ðøąÖćø (Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a. Payutto), 2000, pp.276-
277)
3. óčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤøąéĆïÿĎÜ đðŨîÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤđóČęĂóĆçîćêîĔĀšĕéšøĆïðøąē÷ßîŤÿĎÜÿčé ĕéšĒÖŠ Ăøĉ÷öøøÙöĊ
ĂÜÙŤ 8 ðøąÖćø (Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a. Payutto), 2000, pp.251-252)
Ă÷ŠćÜĕøÖĘêćö ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤìĆĚÜ 3 øąéĆïךćÜêšîîĊĚ đöČęĂ÷ŠĂúÜĒúšüÖĘÿøčðúÜĕéšĔîĀúĆÖÖćøÿĞćÙĆâ
×ĂÜóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ ĀøČĂĀĆüĔÝÿĞćÙĆâ×ĂÜóøąóčìíýćÿîć (Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a. Payutto), 2000,
p.115) ÖĘÙČĂ
1. ĕöŠìĞćÙüćößĆęüìĆĚÜðüÜ
2. ìĞćÖčýú ÙČĂ ÙüćöéĊĔĀšëċÜóøšĂö
3. ìĞćÝĉê×ĂÜêîĔĀšñŠĂÜĒñšü ïøĉÿčìíĉĝ
úĆÖþèąÖćøÖøąìĞćìĊęđðŨîÖčýúĀøČĂÙüćöéĊ óĉÝćøèćĕéšÝćÖ 3 úĆÖþèą ĕéšĒÖŠ
1. úĆÖþèąđßĉÜÝĉêüĉÿĆ÷ đðŨîúĆÖþèąìĊęøĎšÿċÖĕéšéšü÷ÙüćöÿĞćîċÖìćÜýĊúíøøö×ĂÜñĎšìĞćĒúąñĎšĂČęîìĊę
đÖĊę÷üךĂÜ ĕéšĒÖŠ úĆÖþèąìĊęüŠć
(1) êîđĂÜêĉđêĊ÷îêîđĂÜĕöŠĕéš (2) ñĎšøĎšÿøøđÿøĉâ
(3) ßČęĂđÿĊ÷ÜìĊéę ĊôčŜÜ×Ýøĕð (4) ĕöŠĀúÜêć÷
2. úĆÖþèąđßĉÜüĆêëčüĉÿĆ÷ đðŨîúĆÖþèąìĊęĒÿéÜëċÜíøøößćêĉ×ĂÜÙüćöéĊ ĕéšĒÖŠ
(1) đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęéĊ (2) đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęðøąđÿøĉå
(3) đðŨîÖčýú (4) đðŨîÿĉęÜöĊðøąē÷ßîŤ
(5) đðŨîÿĉęÜëĎÖêšĂÜ (6) đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęĕöŠöĊĂćÿüą
(7) đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęĕöŠöĊēìþ (8) ÙüćößĆęüúéúÜÙüćöéĊđóĉęö×ċĚî
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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3. úĆÖþèąđßĉÜðäĉïĆêĉ đðŨîúĆÖþèąìĊęĒÿéÜĂĂÖĔîìćÜðäĉïĆêĉĀøČĂðøćÖäĒÖŠñĎšìĞćđĂÜ ĕéšĒÖŠ

(1) ĕöŠđðŨîìĊęêĆĚÜĒĀŠÜÙüćöđéČĂéøšĂî (2) ĕöŠđðŨîĕðđóČęĂÿĆęÜÿöÖĉđúÿ
(3) öĊÿč×đðŨîÖĞćĕø (4) ĔĀšñúđðŨîÙüćöÿč×
(5) đðŨîĕðđóČęĂÖŠĂÖøøö (6) ĕöŠđðŨîĕðđóČęĂÖŠĂÖøøö
(7) ĕöŠÖŠĂđüøÖŠĂõĆ÷
ĔîÖøèĊ×ĂÜÙüćößĆęüÖĘđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆî ÙČĂ öĊúĆÖþèąêøÜךćöÖĆîÖĆïúĆÖþèą×ĂÜÙüćöéĊ éĆÜîĆĚî ĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚ
ÝĆÖĕéšîĞćĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤøąéĆïÿĎÜ ÖúŠćüÙČĂ Ăøĉ÷öøøÙöĊĂÜÙŤ ךĂÿĆööćĂćßĊüą öćîĞćđÿîĂđðŨîúĞćéĆïêŠĂĕð
ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą : ÖćøðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝìĊęßĂï
ÖŠĂîĂČęîêšĂÜđךćĔÝÖŠĂîüŠć óøąóčìíýćÿîćöĂÜüŠćÖćøìĊęïčÙÙúÝąÿćöćøëéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĀøČĂéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉêĔĀš
ïøøúčðøąē÷ßîŤÿč×ĕéšîĆĚî ïčÙÙúÝĞćêšĂÜöĊÖćøýċÖþć ĂïøöóĆçîćêîđÿĊ÷ÖŠĂîêćöÙüćöĀöć÷ÿĞćÙĆâ 2 ðøąÖćø
ÙČĂ 1) ÖćøóĆçîćÙîĔîåćîąñĎšöĊÙüćöđðŨîöîčþ÷Ť ݹߊü÷ĔĀšïčÙÙúöĊÙčèÿöïĆêĉóøšĂöìĊęÝąéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉêĒĀŠÜðŦââć
đóČęĂÙüćöéĊÜćö ĀøČĂđøĊ÷ÖÿĆĚîė üŠć óĆçîćĔĀšđðŨîïĆèæĉêñĎšÿćöćøëîĞćßĊüĉêĒúąÿĆÜÙöĕðÿĎŠÿĆîêĉÿč× Ēúą 2) Öćø
óĆçîćÙîĔîåćîąìøĆó÷ćÖøöîčþ÷ŤÝąßŠü÷ĔĀšÿĆÜÙööĊìčî öîčþ÷ŤìĊęöĊÙčèõćóĒúąöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĔîÖćøðøąÖĂï
ÖĉÝÖøøöêŠćÜė ìĊęÝąÖŠĂĔĀšđÖĉéñúĔîÖćøóĆçîćđýøþåÖĉÝĒúąÿĆÜÙöĀøČĂđøĊ÷ÖÜŠć÷ė üŠćóĆçîćĔĀšđðŨîîĆÖñúĉê àċęÜ
óøšĂöìĊęÝąÿîĂÜÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø×ĂÜÿĆÜÙö éĆÜîĆĚîĔîÖćøóĆçîćéšćîêŠćÜė ĔîìćÜđýøþåÖĉÝĒúąÿĆÜÙö ÝąêšĂÜ÷ċéđĂć
ÖćøóĆçîćÙîđðŨîĒÖîÖúćÜÞĆîĔé ÖćøóĆçîćÙîĔîÙüćöĀöć÷ìčÖĂ÷ŠćÜÖĘÝąêšĂÜ÷ċéđĂćÖćøóĆçîćÙîĔîåćîąñĎšöĊ
ÙüćöđðŨîöîčþ÷ŤđðŨîĒÖîÖúćÜÞĆîîĆĚî ÖćøóĆçîćßĊüĉêĒúąÿĆÜÙöêćöĀúĆÖóøąóčìíýćÿîćëČĂđĂćÖćøóĆçîćÙî
đðŨîĒÖîÖúćÜ ĒúąÖćøóĆçîćÙîîĆĚîÖĘđøĉęöêšîìĊęåćî ÙČĂ ÖćøóĆçîćÙüćöđðŨîöîčþ÷Ť àċęÜđðŨîÿćøąÿŠüîĒÖŠîĒìš
ÿŠüîÖćøìøĆó÷ćÖøöîčþ÷ŤàċęÜ×ċĚîêŠĂÿõćóĒüéúšĂöĒĀŠÜÖćúđìýą×ĂÜ÷čÙÿöĆ÷ÖĘÝąêšĂÜêĆĚÜĂ÷ĎŠïîåćî×ĂÜÙüćöđðŨî
öîčþ÷ŤîĆĚî ĒúąîĞćĀúĆÖÖćøìĆęüĕðìĊęìŠćîĒÿéÜĕüšĕððøą÷čÖêŤĔßšĔĀšÿîĂÜÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø×ĂÜ÷čÙÿöĆ÷Ă÷ŠćÜĕéšñú éšü÷
üŠćÖćøóĆçîćÙüćöđðŨîöîčþ÷Ť ĒúąóĆçîćìøĆó÷ćÖøöîčþ÷ŤĂ÷ŠćÜëĎÖêšĂÜîĆĚî ÙîìĊęóĆçîćéĊĒúšü ÖĘÝąđðŨîÿŠüîøŠüöìĊę
øüöÖĞćúĆÜÖĆîÿøšćÜÿøøÙŤÿĆÜÙöĔĀšđÝøĉâÜĂÖÜćö đðŨîÿõćóĒüéúšĂöìĊęđĂČĚĂēĂÖćÿĔĀšìčÖÙîđÝøĉâ÷ĉęÜ×ċĚîĕðĔîÖćøöĊ
ßĊüĉêìĊęéĊÜćöĒúąöĊÙüćöđÖþöÿč× (Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P.a. Payutto), 2000, pp.2-3)
ĔîÿŠüîĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤêŠćÜė ìĊęđÖĊę÷üךĂÜÖĆïíčøÖĉÝ đýøþåÖĉÝ ÖćøðøąÖĂïĂćßĊóîĆĚî ÝĞćêšĂÜđøĉęö
óĉÝćøèćìĊęĀúĆÖÿĆööćĂćßĊüąàċęÜÝĆéđðŨîĀîċęÜĔîĀúĆÖÙĞćÿĂî×ĂÜóøąóčìíýćÿîćàċęÜðøćÖäĂ÷ĎŠĔîĂøĉ÷öøøÙöĊĂÜÙŤ 8
üŠćéšü÷ÖćøðøąÖĂïÖćøÜćîĂ÷ŠćÜëĎÖêšĂÜ éĆÜóčìíóÝîŤìĊęüŠć “õĉÖþčìĆĚÜĀúć÷...îĊĚÙČĂöøøÙöĊĂÜÙŤ 8 ĂĆîðøąđÿøĉå ÙČĂ
ÿĆööćìĉäåĉ ÿĆööćÿĆÜÖĆððą ÿĆööćüćÝć ÿĆööćÖĆööĆîêą ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą ÿĆööćüć÷ćöą ÿĆööćÿêĉ ÿĆööćÿöćíĉĄ
ÿĆööćĂćßĊüąđðŨîĕÞî Ăøĉ÷ÿćüÖĔîíøøöüĉîĆ÷îĊĚ úąÖćøđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóìĊęñĉéđÿĊ÷ ÿĞćđøĘÝÖćøđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóéšü÷ÖćøđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóìĊęßĂï
ĂĆîîĊĚđøĊ÷ÖüŠć ÿĆööćĂćßĊüąĄ” (Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.231)
ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą (right livelihood) ÖĘÙČĂ ĒîüìćÜìĊęóøąóčìíđÝšćĕéšüćÜĕüšĔĀšĒÖŠñĎšðøąÖĂïĂćßĊóÖćøÜćî Ĕî
óčìíÖćú ñĎšìĊęöĊüĉëĊßĊüĉêĔîēúÖìĊę÷ĆÜđÖĊę÷üđîČęĂÜÖĆïÖćøÿøšćÜøć÷ĕéš ĒúąðäĉïĆêĉêćöĀúĆÖÖćøĒĀŠÜÿĆööćĂćßĊüąÝî
ÿćöćøëóĆçîćêîïøøúčÝčéĀöć÷ÿĎÜÿčéĔîßĊüĉê ĕéšöĊÖćøïĆîìċÖĕüšĔîóøąĕêøðŗãÖĀúć÷ìŠćî ĕöŠüŠćÝąđðŨîĂîćë
ðŗèæĉÖđýøþåĊ ÝĉêêÙĀïéĊ ĀøČĂîćÜüĉÿć×ć ïčÙÙúêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜđĀúŠćîĊĚĒÿéÜĔĀšđĀĘîüŠć íøøöĒúąÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĕöŠĔߊ
ÿĉęÜĒðúÖĒ÷Ö ĒêŠÙČĂđĂÖõćóĒĀŠÜßĊüĉê ÖćøñÿöñÿćîÝĉêðŦââćđךćÖĆïÖćøìĞćÜćîĕöŠĔߊÿĉęÜĔĀöŠ Ă÷ŠćÜìĊęÙîÿöĆ÷ĔĀöŠ
ĔîēúÖêąüĆîêÖÝĞćîüîöćÖđךćĔÝ ĒêŠĕéšëĎÖÖúŠćüÿĂîĕüšÖüŠć 2,500 ðŘìĊęñŠćîöć đóĊ÷ÜĒêŠ÷ĆÜĕöŠöĊñĎšĔéýċÖþćĂ÷ŠćÜ
ÝøĉÜÝĆÜ ĒúąîĞćöćðøą÷čÖêŤĔĀšđðŨîÖøąïüîìĆýîŤĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔîēúÖìĊęĕøšóøöĒéîĔîðŦÝÝčïĆî ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą
ÝĆéđðŨîýĊúêćöĀúĆÖÖćøìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîć đöČęĂÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝðøćýÝćÖÖćøđïĊ÷éđïĊ÷îĔéė ÖćøÿøšćÜðŦâĀć
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ĒÖŠÿĆÜÙöÝćÖÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝ ÝċÜĕöŠðøćÖä ĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚ ñĎšđ×Ċ÷îĕéšó÷ć÷ćöĔîÖćøÙšîĀćĀúĆÖÖćøĒĀŠÜ

ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą ìĊęóøąóčìíĂÜÙŤìøÜÿĂîĕüšĔîÿĆÜÙöđóČęĂĔĀšđךćÖĆïÿĆÜÙöĒĀŠÜđìÙēîēú÷ĊĔîðŦÝÝčïĆî óøšĂöÖĆïÖćø
ÙšîĀćĒîüÙĉéÿĞćÙĆâìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîć đóČęĂóĆçîćĔĀšđðŨîóčìíÖøąïüîìĆýîŤ ĂĆîđðŨîÖøąïüîìĆýîŤìćÜđúČĂÖĔî
ÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝ ĔĀšđðŨîĒîüìćÜĀúĆÖĒÖŠîĆÖíčøÖĉÝÿöĆ÷ĔĀöŠĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝìĊęđÖČĚĂÖĎúìčÖßĊüĉêĔîÿĆÜÙö ĒúąđðŨî
ĒîüìćÜĔîÖćøêĆéÿĉîĔÝĒÖšðŦâĀćìćÜíčøÖĉÝĂ÷ŠćÜëĎÖêšĂÜ ÙĞćêĂïêŠĂךĂÿÜÿĆ÷ìĊęüŠć ÖćøïĎøèćÖćøýćÿîćĒúąíčøÖĉÝ
đךćĕüšéšü÷ÖĆîÝąìĞćĂ÷ŠćÜĕø ìĊęîĆÖüĉßćÖćøĒúąîĆÖíčøÖĉÝìĆęüēúÖÖĞćúĆÜÙšîĀćÖĆîĂ÷ĎŠ ĕöŠĕéš×ċĚîĂ÷ĎŠÖĆïÖćøóĆçîćìùþãĊ
ÿöĆ÷ĔĀöŠêćöĀúĆÖÖćøìćÜüĉì÷ćýćÿêøŤìĊę÷ĆÜĕöŠöĊñĎšÙšîóï ĒêŠĂ÷ĎŠĔÖúšêĆüöîčþ÷Ť àċęÜĀ÷ĆęÜøćÖúċÖĂ÷ĎŠĔîõĎöĉðŦââć
êąüĆîĂĂÖĒúąĂ÷ĎŠđÙĊ÷ÜÙĎŠĂćø÷íøøööîčþ÷ŤöćĒÿîîćî ìĊęđøĊ÷ÖüŠćóøąóčìíýćÿîć ïìÙüćöîĊĚĕöŠđóĊ÷ÜĒÿéÜĔĀšđĀĘî
üŠć ýćÿîćĒúąÖćøìĞćÜćîÿćöćøëñÿöñÿćîĒúąĀúŠĂĀúĂöĕéšđðŨîĀîċęÜđéĊ÷ü ĒêŠ÷ĆÜđðŨîÿĉęÜÝĞćđðŨîêŠĂßĊüĉêöîčþ÷ŤìĊę
êšĂÜöčŠÜðäĉïĆêĉĒúąóĆçîćÿĎŠÙüćöÿč×îĉøĆîéø ĒúąđðŨîÖøąïüîìĆýîŤĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĂĆîÿĞćÙĆâĔîĂîćÙêđóČęĂ
ÿøšćÜíčøÖĉÝĒïï÷ĆęÜ÷ČîđĂČĚĂĂĞćîü÷ĂĉÜĂćýĆ÷ÖĆîĒúąÖĆîøąĀüŠćÜöîčþ÷ŤĒúąÿĉęÜĒüéúšĂöìĆĚÜìĊęöĊßĊüĉêĒúąĕöŠöĊßĊüĉê
ÝćÖóčìíóÝîŤ×šćÜêšî ĒÿéÜĔĀšìøćïüŠć ÖćøðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝÖćøÜćîĔîÿĆÜÙöðŦÝÝčïĆîìĊęđøĊ÷ÖüŠćđðŨî
ÿĆööćĂćßĊüą / ÿĆööćíčøÖĉÝ îĆĚî öĊךĂóĉÝćøèćĂ÷ĎŠ 2 ðøąÖćø ÙČĂ (1) úąÖćøđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóìĊęñĉéđÿĊ÷ ÖćøđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóĕöŠßĂï
ÙČĂÖćøĒÿüÜĀćðŦÝÝĆ÷öćïøĉēõÙìĊęöĉßĂï đߊî ÖćøēÖÜĀøČĂĀúĂÖúüÜ ÖćøïĊïïĆÜÙĆï×ĎđŠ ×Ęâ ÖćøĒÿüÜĀćúćõēé÷ĕöŠ
ðøąÖĂïéšü÷ÙüćöđóĊ÷ø (ÿĆööćüć÷ćöą ) ÙČĂ×ĊĚđÖĊ÷Ý Ă÷ćÖĕéšöćÜŠć÷ėēé÷ĕöŠĂćýĆ÷ÖĞćúĆÜĒĀŠÜÿêĉðŦââćĒúą
ĒøÜÖć÷ àĚĞćēúõÝîĕöŠßĂïíøøö đߊî đïĊ÷éđïĊ÷îúĎÖÝšćÜ ĒúąìĞćúć÷ÿĉęÜĒüéúšĂö ÿĆÜÙö đóČęĂĂ÷ćÖĕéšöćÖ đÿĊ÷ĔĀš
îšĂ÷ Ēúą (2) ðøąÖĂïÖćøÜćîđúĊĚ÷ÜßĊóìĊęßĂïìĊęÿčÝøĉêìĆĚÜ 2 ðøąÖćø÷ĆÜÿćöćøëóĉÝćøèćĕéšÝćÖĂćßĊóìĊęñĉé (öĉÝÞć
ĂćßĊüą) 5 ðøąÖćøĔîìĆýîąóøąóčìíýćÿîć (Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.233)
ĕéšĒÖŠ
1. ÿĆêëüèĉßßć ÙČĂ Öćø×ć÷Ăćüčí ĕéšĒÖŠ ĂćüčíðŚî ĂćüčíđÙöĊ øąđïĉé îĉüđÙúĊ÷øŤ ĂćüčíĂČîę ė đðŨîêšî Ăćüčí
đĀúŠćîĊĚĀćÖöĊđÝêîćđóČęĂìĞćøšć÷ÖĆî ÝąÖŠĂĔĀšđÖĉéÖćøìĞćúć÷úšćÜàċęÜÖĆîĒúąÖĆî ēúÖÝąĕöŠđÖĉéÿĆîêĉÿč×
2. ÿĆêêüèĉßßć Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøÙšć×ć÷öîčþ÷Ť ĕéšĒÖŠ ÖćøÙšć×ć÷đéĘÖ ÖćøÙšćìćÿ êúĂéÝîÖćøĔßšĒøÜÜćî
đéĘÖĒúąÿêøĊĂ÷ŠćÜìćøčè øüöëċÜÖćø×ć÷êĆüĀøČĂ×ć÷ïøĉÖćøìćÜđóýìĆĚÜ×ĂÜêĆüđĂÜĒúąñĎšĂČęî
3. öĆÜÿüèĉßßć Āöć÷ëċÜ Ùšć×ć÷ÿĆêüŤđðŨî ÿĞćĀøĆïÛŠćđóČęĂđðŨîĂćĀćøđðŨîÖćøÿŠÜđÿøĉöĔĀšìĞćñĉéýĊúךĂìĊę 1
ÙČĂÖćøÛŠćÿĆêüŤêĆéßĊüĉê
4. öĆßßüèĉßßć Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøÙšć×ć÷îĚĞćđöć êúĂéÝîÖćøÙšćÿćøđÿóêĉéìčÖßîĉé øüöëċÜÖćøđÿóđĂÜ
5. üĉÿüèĉßßć Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøÙšć×ć÷÷ćóĉþ àċęÜđðŨîĂĆîêøć÷êŠĂöîčþ÷ŤñĎšĔßš øüöìĆĚÜđðŨîĂĆîêøć÷êŠĂÿĆêüŤ
ìĆĚÜ 5 ÖćøÜćîĀøČĂĂćßĊóîĊĚ ÝĆéđðŨîíčøÖĉÝìĊęëĎÖêšĂÜ ĕöŠßĂïéšü÷íøøöêćöìĆýîąóøąóčìíýćÿîć àċęÜđøĊ÷ÖüŠć
ĂÖøèĊ÷ÖĉÝ ÙČĂ ÖĉÝĂĆîĕöŠÙüøìĞćĂĊÖĒÜŠĀîċęÜ ĂÖøèĊ÷ÖĉÝìĆĚÜ 5 îĊĚ ÖĘÙČĂ øąïïýĊú 5 ĂĆîđðŨîóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ×ĆĚî
óČĚîåćîĀöć÷ëċÜ ÙüćöðøąóùêĉßĂïìćÜÖć÷ĒúąüćÝć ÖćøøĆÖþćÖć÷üćÝćĔĀšđøĊ÷ïøšĂ÷ ÖćøøĆÖþćðÖêĉêćö
øąđïĊ÷ïüĉîĆ÷ ךĂðäĉïĆêĉĔîÖćøđüšîÝćÖÙüćößĆęüÖćøÙüïÙčöêîĔĀšêĆĚÜĂ÷ĎŠĔîÙüćöĕöŠđïĊ÷éđïĊ÷î ĕéšĒÖŠ
1. ðćèćêĉðćêć đüøöèĊ đüšîÝćÖÖćøðúÜßĊüĉê đüšîÝćÖÖćøÛŠćÖćøðøąìčþøšć÷ÖĆî
2. Ăìĉîďîćìćîć đüøöèĊđüšîÝćÖÖćøëČĂđĂć×ĂÜìĊęđ×ćöĉĕéšĔĀš đüšîÝćÖÖćøúĆÖ ēÖÜ úąđöĉéÖøøöÿĉìíĉĝ
ìĞćúć÷ìøĆó÷Ťÿĉî
3. ÖćđöÿčöĉÝďÞćÝćøć đüøöèĊ đüšîÝćÖÖćøðøąóùêĉñĉéĔîÖćö đüšîÝćÖÖćøúŠüÜúąđöĉéÿĉęÜìĊęñĎšĂČęîøĆÖĔÙøŠ
ĀüÜĒĀî
4. öčÿćüćìć đüøöèĊ đüšîÝćÖÖćøóĎéđìĘÝ ēÖĀÖ ĀúĂÖúüÜ
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

5. ÿčøćđöø÷ößďßðöćìäŰåćîć đüøöèĊ đüšîÝćÖîĚĞćđöćÙČĂÿčøćĒúąđöøĆ÷ĂĆîđðŨîìĊęêĆĚÜĒĀŠÜÙüćöðøąöćì

đüšîÝćÖÿĉęÜđÿóêĉéĔĀšēìþ (Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.227)
đïâÝýĊúĀøČĂýĊú 5 îĊĚëČĂüŠćĀúĆÖðäĉïĆêĉîĊĚöĊÙüćöđßČęĂöē÷ÜÖĆî ĒúąÙøĂïÙúčöÖćøéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉê×ĂÜöîčþ÷Ť
Ă÷ŠćÜÙøïëšüî ĂĊÖìĆĚÜ÷ĆÜđðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęöîčþ÷ŤîĆĚîïĆââĆêĉ×ċĚîđóČęĂÖćøĂ÷ĎŠøŠüöÖĆîĂ÷ŠćÜÿÜïÿč× đðŨîÖćøÖĞćĀîéĀúĆÖêŠćÜė
×ċĚîÝćÖÿćöĆâÿĞćîċÖìĊęøĎšÿċÖêĆüüŠć đöČęĂđøćöĊÙüćöøĆÖêĆüđĂÜ êšĂÜÖćøÙüćöÿč× øüöëċÜÙüćöðúĂéõĆ÷ĔîßĊüĉê ÙîĂČęîė
ÖĘ÷ŠĂöêšĂÜøĎšÿċÖĒúąöĊÙüćöêšĂÜÖćøđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆïđøć đĀêčîĊĚđĂÜìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîćÝċÜßĊĚÝčéÿĞćÙĆâìĊęÝąêšĂÜÿøšćÜ
óČĚîåćîĕüšĔĀšöĆęîÙÜđðŨîóĉđýþ 5 Ýčé đðŨîÖćøðŗéߊĂÜìćÜìĊęêĆüđĂÜÝąđÿĊ÷ 5 ìćÜéšü÷ÖĆî ĒúąüĉíĊìĊęüŠćÖĘÙČĂ ÖćøøĆÖþć
ýĊú 5 ךà ÖúŠćüÙČĂ ýĊúךĂìĊę 1 ðŜĂÜÖĆîìćÜìĊęêîÝąđÿĊ÷Āć÷ đóøćąÙüćöēĀéøšć÷ ýĊúךĂìĊę 2 ðŜĂÜÖĆîìćÜìĊęêîÝą
đÿĊ÷Āć÷ đóøćąÙüćööČĂĕü ýĊúךĂìĊę 3 ðŜĂÜÖĆîìćÜìĊęêîÝąđÿĊ÷Āć÷ đóøćąÙüćöĔÝđøĘü ýĊúךĂìĊę 4 ðŜĂÜÖĆîìćÜìĊęêî
ÝąđÿĊ÷Āć÷ đóøćąÙüćö×ĊĚðé ĒúąýĊúךĂìĊę 5 ðŜĂÜÖĆîìćÜìĊęêîÝąđÿĊ÷Āć÷ đóøćąÙüćö×ćéÿêĉ
ĂćßĊóìĊęñĉéĀøČĂíčøÖĉÝđðŚŪĂîđúČĂéđðŚŪĂîîĚĞćêćìĆĚÜ 5 đĀúŠćîĊĚ đÖĉéÝćÖĂąĕø ëšćĕöŠđÖĉéÝćÖÙüćöēúõ Ùüćö
ēÖøí ÙüćöĀúÜéšü÷ÙüćöēÜŠđ×úć×ĂÜöüúöîčþ÷Ť öîčþ÷ŤđÖĉéöć ĔîìĊęÿčéÖĘêšĂÜêć÷ìčÖÙî ĒúšüìĞćĕöêšĂÜĕðñúĉê
ÿøšćÜÿĉęÜêŠćÜė đóČęĂìĞćúć÷ßĊüĉêéšü÷ÖĆîéšü÷ éĆÜîĆĚî íčøÖĉÝìĆĚÜĀúć÷đĀúŠćîĊĚ ĒúąíčøÖĉÝÖćøÜćîĂČęîė đߊî đðŗéøšćî
ÙúĆïïćøŤ đðŗéøĆïóîĆîêŠćÜė đðŨîêšî ÖĘÝĆéđðŨîíčøÖĉÝìĊęđÖĉéÝćÖÖĉđúÿêĆèĀć×ĂÜöüúöîčþ÷ŤìĆĚÜîĆĚî ĀćÖĕöŠöĊÙüćöēúõ
ÙüćöēÖøí ÙüćöĀúÜ íčøÖĉÝđĀúŠćîĊĚÖĘĕöŠöĊ đßČęĂĕéšüŠćÿĆÜÙö×ĂÜöîčþ÷ŤÝċÜöĊðŦâĀćîšĂ÷öćÖ ÞąîĆĚî óøąóčìíýćÿîć
ÝċÜó÷ć÷ćöÿĂîüŠć “ïčÙÙúÙšîĀćéšü÷ÝĉêêúĂéìĉýìĆĚÜĀöé ĕöŠĕéšóïĔÙøàċęÜđðŨîìĊęøĆÖ÷ĉęÜÖüŠćêîĔîìĊęĕĀîė đú÷ ÿĆêüŤ
ìĆĚÜĀúć÷đĀúŠćĂČęîÖĘøĆÖêîöćÖđߊîîĆĚîđĀöČĂîÖĆî ÞąîĆĚî ñĎšøĆÖêîÝċÜĕöŠÙüøđïĊ÷éđïĊ÷îÿĆêüŤĂČęîĄ
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.95) ĂîċęÜ ĔîĂćßĊóìĊęñĉéìĆĚÜ 5 îĊĚ ÷ÖêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ íčøÖĉÝ
Ùšć×ć÷îĚĞćđöć đÙøČęĂÜéČęöĒĂúÖĂăĂúŤ (öĆßßüèĉßßć) êćöìĆýîąóøąóčìíýćÿîć ĕéšÖúŠćüëċÜēìþĀøČĂñúđÿĊ÷×ĂÜ
íčøÖĉÝîĊĚĕüš 6 ðøąÖćø (Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.140) ĕéšĒÖŠ (1) ÙîàČĚĂđÿĊ÷
ìøĆó÷Ť ÙîñúĉêĒúąÝĞćĀîŠć÷ĕéšìøĆó÷Ťéšü÷Ùüćöēúõ (2) ÖŠĂÖćøìąđúćąüĉüćìéšü÷Ùüćööċîđöć (3) đÖĉéēøÙõĆ÷ĕך
đÝĘïĂĆîđÖĉéÝćÖÖćøđÿóÿĉęÜđĀúŠćîĆĚî (4) ëĎÖêĞćĀîĉêĉđêĊ÷îÝćÖñĎšøĎš öĊýĊúíøøö (5) ìĞćĔĀšđðŨîÙîĕöŠøĎšÝĆÖĂć÷ÖúšćìĞćĔî
ÿĉęÜìĊęĕöŠÙüøÖúšć đߊî ðúšîìøĆó÷Ť đðŨîêšî (6) ìĞćĔĀšÿêĉðŦââćúéîšĂ÷ëĂ÷úÜ
ĔîÖćøÖøąìĞćĔéė ÖĘêćöìĆĚÜÖŠĂîìĞć ×èąìĞć ĒúąĀúĆÜÖøąìĞć úšüîñŠćîÖćøóĉÝćøèćĒúšü ëšćĕöŠóĉÝćøèć
ÖŠĂîìĞć ×èąìĞć ĒúąĀúĆÜÖøąìĞćĒúšü ĂćÝÝąöĊךĂñĉéóúćéĕéš ÝąìĞćĂąĕø ÝąÙĉéĂąĕø ÝąóĎéĂąĕø ñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćø
ÜćîìĆĚÜĀúć÷ÝąđúĘÜĕðìĊęðøąē÷ßîŤìĆĚÜĒÖŠêîđĂÜ ĒúąÿŠüîøüöđðŨîĀúĆÖ ĕöŠìĞćĕð óĎéĕð Ùĉéĕð ĔîìćÜìĊęÝą
đïĊ÷éđïĊ÷î ĀøČĂÿøšćÜÙüćöđéČĂéøšĂîĔĀšĒÖŠêîđĂÜĒúąñĎšĂČęîÖúŠćüĕéšüŠć ĀúĆÖÿĆööćĂćßĊüąîĊĚÙøĂïÙúčöøąïïÖćø
éĞćđîĉîßĊüĉê×ĂÜöîčþ÷ŤìčÖĂ÷ŠćÜ ÖúŠćüÙČĂ úąđüšîÿĉęÜìĊęñĉé ÙČĂ öĉÝÞćĂćßĊüą 5 ĒúąđïâÝýĊú ðäĉïĆêĉÿĉęÜìĊęßĂïđóČęĂ
Ùüćöÿč××ĂÜêî ÙîĂČęîĒúąÿĆÜÙöøŠüöÖĆîĕéš
ĀúĆÖÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø
ÙĞćüŠć ÖćøïøĉĀćø (Administration) öĊøćÖýĆóìŤöćÝćÖõćþćúćêĉî “Administatrae” Āöć÷ëċÜ
ߊü÷đĀúČĂ (Assist) ĀøČĂĂĞćîü÷Öćø (Direct) ÖćøïøĉĀćøöĊÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĀøČĂöĊÙüćöĀöć÷ĔÖúšđÙĊ÷ÜÖĆïÙĞćüŠć
“Minister” àċęÜĀöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøøĆïĔßšĀøČĂñĎšøĆïĔßš ĀøČĂñĎšøĆïĔßšøĆå ÙČĂ øĆåöîêøĊ ÿĞćĀøĆïÙüćöĀöć÷éĆĚÜđéĉö×ĂÜÙĞćüŠć
Administer Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøêĉéêćöéĎĒúÿĉęÜêŠćÜėÿŠüîÙĞćüŠć ÖćøÝĆéÖćø (Management) îĉ÷öĔßšĔîõćÙđĂÖßîĀøČĂ
õćÙíčøÖĉÝàċęÜöĊüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤĔîÖćøÝĆéêĆĚÜđóČęĂöčŠÜĒÿüÜĀćÖĞćĕø (Profits) ĀøČĂÖĞćĕøÿĎÜÿčé (Maximum Profits)
ÿĞćĀøĆïñúðøąē÷ßîŤìĊęÝąêÖĒÖŠÿćíćøèąëČĂđðŨîüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤøĂÜĀøČĂđðŨîñúóúĂ÷ĕéš (By Product) đöČęĂđðŨî
đߊîîĊĚ ÝċÜĒêÖêŠćÜÝćÖüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤĔîÖćøÝĆéêĆĚÜĀîŠü÷ÜćîõćÙøĆåìĊęÝĆéêĆĚÜ×ċĚîđóČęĂĔĀšïøĉÖćøÿćíćøèąìĆĚÜĀúć÷
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

(Public Services) ĒÖŠðøąßćßî ÖćøïøĉĀćøõćÙøĆåìčÖüĆîîĊĚĀøČĂĂćÝđøĊ÷ÖüŠć ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø (Management

Administration) đÖĊę÷üךĂÜÖĆïõćÙíčøÖĉÝöćÖ×ċĚî đߊî ÖćøîĞćĒîüÙĉéñĎšïøĉĀćøÿĎÜÿčé (Chief Executive Officer)
ĀøČĂ àĊĂĊēĂ (CEO) öćðøĆïĔßšĔîüÜøćßÖćø ÖćøïøĉĀćøøćßÖćøéšü÷ÙüćöøüéđøĘü ÖćøúéóĉíĊÖćøìĊęĕöŠÝĞćđðŨî Öćø
úé×ĆĚîêĂîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉøćßÖćø ĒúąÖćøÝĎÜĔÝéšü÷ÖćøĔĀšøćÜüĆúêĂïĒìî đðŨîêšî îĂÖđĀîČĂÝćÖÖćøìĊęõćÙøĆåĕéš
đðŗéēĂÖćÿĔĀšõćÙđĂÖßîĀøČĂõćÙíčøÖĉÝđךćöćøĆïÿĆöðìćîÝćÖõćÙøĆå đߊî ĔĀšÿĆöðìćîēìøýĆóìŤöČĂëČĂ Öćø×îÿŠÜ
đĀúšć ïčĀøĊę Ă÷ŠćÜĕøÖĘéĊõćÙíčøÖĉÝÖĘĕéšìĞćðøąē÷ßîŤĔĀšĒÖŠÿćíćøèąĀøČĂðøąßćßîĕéšđߊîÖĆî đߊî ÝĆéēÙøÜÖćøÙČî
ÖĞćĕøĔĀšÿĆÜÙöéšü÷ÖćøúéøćÙćÿĉîÙšć ×ć÷ÿĉîÙšćøćÙćëĎÖ ĀøČĂÖćøïøĉÝćÙđÜĉîߊü÷đĀúČĂÿĆÜÙö đðŨîêšî óøšĂöÖĆîîĊĚ
ĂćÝĔĀšÙüćöĀöć÷ĕéšĂĊÖüŠć ÖćøïøĉĀćø Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøéĞćđîĉîÜćî ĀøČĂÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćîĔéė ×ĂÜĀîŠü÷Üćî×ĂÜøĆå
Ēúą/ĀøČĂ đÝšćĀîšćìĊę×ĂÜøĆå ìĊęđÖĊę÷üךĂÜÖĆï Ùî ÿĉęÜ×ĂÜ ĒúąĀîŠü÷Üćî ēé÷ÙøĂïÙúčöđøČęĂÜêŠćÜė đߊî (1) Öćø
ïøĉĀćøÙî (Man) (2) ÖćøïøĉĀćøđÜĉî (Money) (3) ÖćøïøĉĀćøüĆÿéčĂčðÖøèŤ (Material) (4) ÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîìĆęüĕð
(Management) (5) ÖćøïøĉĀćøÖćøĔĀšïøĉÖćøðøąßćßî (Market) (6) ÖćøïøĉĀćøÙčèíøøö (Morality) (7) Öćø
ïøĉĀćøךĂöĎú׊ćüÿćø (Message) (8) ÖćøïøĉĀćøđüúć (Minute) Ēúą (9) ĒúąÖćøïøĉĀćøÖćøüĆéñú
(Measurement) đߊîîĊĚ đðŨîÖćøîĞćðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊÿŠüîÿĞćÙĆâêŠĂÖćøïøĉĀćøìĊęđøĊ÷ÖüŠć 9 m ĒêŠúąêĆüöćđðŨîĒîüìćÜĔî
ÖćøĔĀšÙüćöĀöć÷ ÖćøĔĀšÙüćöĀöć÷ìĆĚÜ 2 êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜìĊęñŠćîöćîĊĚ đðŨîÖćøîĞćĀúĆÖüĉßćÖćøéšćîÖćøïøĉĀćø ÙČĂ
ÖøąïüîÖćøïøĉĀćøĒúąðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊÿŠüîÿĞćÙĆâêŠĂÖćøïøĉĀćøöćĔßšđðŨîĒîüìćÜĀøČĂÖøĂïĒîüÙĉéĔîÖćøĔĀš
ÙüćöĀöć÷àċęÜîŠćÝąöĊÿŠüîìĞćĔĀšÖćøĔĀšÙüćöĀöć÷ÙĞćüŠćÖćøïøĉĀćøđߊîîĊĚÙøĂïÙúčöđîČĚĂĀćÿćøąÿĞćÙĆâìĊęđÖĊę÷üÖĆï
ÖćøïøĉĀćø ßĆéđÝî đךćĔÝĕéšÜŠć÷ đðŨîüĉßćÖćø ĒúąöĊÖøĂïĒîüÙĉééšü÷ îĂÖÝćÖ 2 êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜîĊĚĒúšü ÷ĆÜĂćÝîĞć
ðŦÝÝĆ÷ĂČęîöćĔßšđðŨîĒîüìćÜĔîÖćøĔĀšÙüćöĀöć÷ĕéšĂĊÖ đðŨîêšîüŠć 3 m àċęÜðøąÖĂïéšü÷ ÖćøïøĉĀćøÙî (Man)
ÖćøïøĉĀćøđÜĉî (Money) ĒúąÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîìĆęüĕð (Management) Ēúą 5 ð àċęÜðøąÖĂïéšü÷ (1)
ðøąÿĉìíĉõćó (2) ðøąÿĉìíĉñú (3) ðøąĀ÷Ćé (4) ðøąÿćîÜćî Ēúą (5) ðøąßćÿĆöóĆîíŤ (Wiratnipawan, W.,
2009, p.20)
éĆÜîĆĚî ÖćøïøĉĀćøÖćøÝĆéÖćøđðŨîđìÙîĉÙÖćøìĞćÜćîĔĀšÿĞćđøĘÝēé÷ĂćýĆ÷ĀúĆÖÖćøêŠćÜė ĕéšĒÖŠ ĀúĆÖ 9 m
3 m Ēúą 5 ð đóøćąÖćøïøĉĀćøÖćøÝĆéÖćø đðŨîÖøąïüîÖćø×ĂÜÖćøüćÜĒñîÖćøÝĆéĂÜÙŤÖćø ÖćøÖøąêčšîĒúą
ÖćøÙüïÙčöĔĀšïøøúčÝčéöčŠÜĀöć÷øŠüöÖĆî ēé÷ĔßšìøĆó÷ćÖøïčÙÙúĒúąĂČęîė éšü÷
ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøíčøÖĉÝêćöĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ
ĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚ ñĎšđ×Ċ÷îĕéšìĞćÖćøÙĆéđúČĂÖĀöüéĀøČĂĀĆüךĂíøøöìĊęđÖĊę÷üךĂÜÖćøÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔîìĆýîą
óøąóčìíýćÿîćöćóĂđðŨîêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ éĆÜîĆĚî ĀúĆÖÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøíčøÖĉÝêćöĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ (Buddhist
Ethics) ÖĘÙČĂ ĀúĆÖðćðèĉÖíøøö ĂĆîĀöć÷ëċÜ ĀúĆÖóŠĂÙšćĂÜÙŤÙčè×ĂÜóŠĂÙšć 3 ðøąÖćø ĕéšĒÖŠ
1. ÝĆÖ×čöć êćéĊ øĎšÝĆÖÿĉîÙšć éĎ×ĂÜđðŨî ÿćöćøëÙĞćîüèøćÙć ÖąìčîđÖĘÜÖĞćĕøĒöŠî÷Ğć (Shrewd)
Āöć÷ëċÜ ðŦââćöĂÜÖćøèŤĕÖú đߊî ëšćđðŨîóŠĂÙšćĀøČĂîĆÖïøĉĀćøíčøÖĉÝ êšĂÜøĎšüŠćĂîćÙêđýøþåÖĉÝĀøČĂêúćéÝąöĊ
ĒîüēîšöđðŨîĒïïĕĀîĀøČĂÿćöćøëÙćéÖćøèŤìĉýìćÜĀøČĂĂîćÙêĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĕéšĒöŠî÷ĞćÝćÖÖćøĂćýĆ÷
ÖøąïüîÖćøÙĉéìĊęøĂïÙĂïĒúąöĊđĀêčñú ēé÷ĂćÝĔßšðøąÿïÖćøèŤĔîĂéĊêøŠüöĔîÖćøêĆéÿĉîĔÝĒúąüćÜĒñîéšü÷
àċęÜÙčèúĆÖþèąîĊĚêøÜÖĆïÙĞćüŠć Conceptual Skill ÙČĂÖćøßĞćîćâĔîÖćøĔßšÙüćöÙĉé ĀøČĂ ìĆÖþąìćÜéšćîÙüćöÙĉé
2. üĉíĎēø ÝĆéđÝîíčøÖĉÝ øĎšĒĀúŠÜàČĚĂĒĀúŠÜ×ć÷ øĎšÙüćöđÙúČęĂîĕĀüÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø×ĂÜêúćéÿćöćøëĔîÖćø
ÝĆéàČĚĂÝĆéÝĞćĀîŠć÷ øĎšĔÝĒúąøĎšÝĆÖđĂćĔÝúĎÖÙšć (Capable of Administering Business) Āöć÷ëċÜ ÝĆéÖćøíčøąĕéšöĊ
ÙüćöđßĊę÷üßćâđÞóćąéšćî đߊî îĆÖÖćøđÜĉîêšĂÜöĊÙüćöøĎšĒúąÙüćöđßĊę÷üßćâìćÜÖćøđÜĉîÿćöćøëÙĞćîüèĂĆêøć
ñúêĂïĒìîêŠćÜėĕéšĀøČĂđךćĔÝĔîÜïÖćøđÜĉîìĊęĔßšĔîÖćøðøąÖĂïÖćøêĆéÿĉîĔÝĕéš ĔîÖøèĊĒóì÷ŤñŠćêĆéÿöĂÜÖĘêšĂÜöĊ
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ÙüćöđßĊę÷üßćâĔîÖćøñŠćêĆéÿöĂÜ đðŨîêšî ÙčèúĆÖþèąîĊĚêøÜÖĆïÙĞćüŠć Technical Skill ÙČĂÙüćößĞćîćâÖćøéšćî

đìÙîĉÙ ĀøČĂ ìĆÖþąìćÜéšćîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćî
3. îĉÿÿ÷ÿĆöðŦîēî óøšĂöéšü÷ĒĀúŠÜìčîđðŨîìĊęĂćýĆ÷ đðŨîìĊęđßČęĂëČĂĕüšüćÜĔÝĔîĀöĎŠĒĀúŠÜìčîĔĀâŠė ĀćđÜĉî
öćúÜìčîĀøČĂéĞćđîĉîÖĉÝÖćøēé÷ÜŠć÷ (Having Good Credit Rating) Āöć÷ëċÜ óċęÜóćĂćýĆ÷ÙîĂČęîĕéšđóøćąđðŨîÙî
öĊöîčþ÷ŤÿĆöóĆîíŤéĊ öĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøêĉéêŠĂðøąÿćîÜćîĔĀšÜćîÿĞćđøĘÝúčúŠüÜĕðĕéšêćöÖøĂïøą÷ąđüúćìĊęÖĞćĀîé
öĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøÿČęĂÿćøĒúąðøąÿćîÜćîĔĀšĒêŠúąòść÷ĔîĂÜÙŤÖøéĞćđîĉîĒîüìćÜêćöÖøĂïìĉýìćÜìĊęĂÜÙŤÖø
êšĂÜÖćøïøøúčĕéšĀøČĂöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøñĎÖĔÝÙîĔĀšđðŨîìĊęøĆÖ×ĂÜÙîēé÷ÿćöćøëìĞćĔĀšĔĀšóîĆÖÜćîĒêŠúąÙî
ðäĉïĆêĉÜćîêćöÙĞćÿĆęÜéšü÷ÙüćöđêĘöĔÝĕéš đðŨîêšî ÙčèúĆÖþèąîĊĚêøÜÖĆïÙĞćüŠć Human Relation Skill ÙČĂ Ùüćö
ßĞćîćâéšćîöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤ ĀøČĂ ìĆÖþąìćÜéšćîöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤ ēé÷ÙčèúĆÖþèąìĆĚÜÿćöðøąÖćøöĊÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâöćÖ
îšĂ÷ĒêÖêŠćÜÖĆîîĆĚî×ċĚîĂ÷ĎŠÖĆïøąéĆï×ĂÜîĆÖïøĉĀćø ñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćøíčøÖĉÝ ëšćđðŨîîĆÖïøĉĀćøøąéĆïÿĎÜìĊęêšĂÜ
øĆïñĉéßĂïĔîÖćøüćÜĒñîĒúąÙüïÙčöÙîÝĞćîüîöćÖÙčèúĆÖþèą×šĂìĊę 1 Ēúą 3 öĊÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâöćÖ ÿŠüîךĂìĊę 2
öĊîšĂ÷đóøćąÿćöćøëĔßšñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßćìĊęöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëđÞóćąéšćîĕéšÿĞćĀøĆïîĆÖïøĉĀćøñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćøíčøÖĉÝ
øąéĆïÖúćÜ ÙčèúĆÖþèąìĆĚÜ 3 ךĂöĊÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâóĂė ÖĆî îĆęîÙČĂ êšĂÜöĊÙüćößĞćîćâđÞóćąéšćîĒúąöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤ
ìĊęéêĊ ŠĂđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćîĒúąñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßć Ĕî×èąđéĊ÷üÖĆîêšĂÜöĊðŦââćìĊęöĂÜõćóÖüšćÜĒúąĕÖú đóČęĂđêøĊ÷öêĆü
ÿĞćĀøĆïđðŨîîĆÖïøĉĀćøñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćøíčøÖĉÝ øąéĆïÿĎÜ îĂÖÝćÖîĆĚîêšĂÜöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøÿČęĂÿćø ðøąÿćîÜćî
ĔîÖćøëŠć÷ìĂéîē÷ïć÷Ēúą÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝćÖøąéĆïÿĎÜöćÿĎŠÖćøðäĉïĆêĉ×ĂÜóîĆÖÜćîøąéĆïúŠćÜ ĒúąîĞćñúÖćø
éĞćđîĉîÜćîìĊęĕéšÝćÖÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćîöćÿøčðĒúąîĞćđÿîĂêŠĂñĎšïøĉĀćøøąéĆïÿĎÜ (Phra Thammakosarn (Prayoon
Thammamitto), 2006, p.15) éšü÷üŠćĂÜÙŤÙčè×ĂÜóŠĂÙšćĀøČĂñĎšðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝìĊęđðŨîÙčèÿöïĆêĉìĊęÿĞćÙĆâÿčéîĆĚî
ÝąêšĂÜöĊ Human Relation Skill ĀøČĂ ĀúĆÖîĉÿÿ÷ÿĆöðŦîēî đóøćąöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤìĊęéĊÝąìĞćĔĀšÙîĂ÷ćÖđךćöć
øŠüöÜćîĒúąìĞćÜćîĔĀš ĀćÖĕöŠöĊöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÙîÖĘĕðĕöŠøĂé đóøćąÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćî ïøĉĀćøÙî ÙČĂÖćø
éĞćđîĉîÖĉÝÖøøöĔĀšÿĞćđøĘÝēé÷øŠüöÖĆïÙîĂČęî
éĆÜîĆĚî ĀúĆÖÖćø 3 ðøąÖćøÝċÜđðŨîÿĉęÜÿĞćÙĆâ ēé÷đÞóćąÖćøöĊüĉÿĆ÷ìĆýîŤĀøČĂÝĆÖ×čöć ëČĂüŠćđðŨîĀúĆÖÖćø×ĂÜ
ÖćøðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝìĊęìĆî÷čÙìĆîÿöĆ÷ìĊęÿčé đóøćąÖćøöĂÜÖćøèŤĕÖú öĊÿć÷êćðŦââćĔîÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤĂîćÙêìĞćĔĀš
íčøÖĉÝîĆĚîöĊēĂÖćÿðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ ÿćöćøëĒ׊Ü×ĆîĂ÷ĎŠøĂéĕéš ×èąìĊę üĉíĎēø ĀøČĂ ÖćøÝĆéÖćøíčøąēé÷öĊÙüćö
đßĊę÷üßćâđÞóćąéšćî đðøĊ÷ïđìĊ÷ïĕéšÖĆïĀúĆÖÿöøøëîą Ùüćöÿćöćøë (Competency) ÙüćöÿćöćøëìĊęÝąđךćöć
ÿøšćÜÿöéčúĔĀšÖĆïîĆÖïøĉĀćø ñĎšðøąÖĂïíčøÖĉÝìĊęđðŨîñĎšîĞćĒúąĀúĆÖîĉÿÿ÷ÿĆöðŦîēî đðŨîÙüćöÿćöćøëéšćîöîčþ÷
ÿĆöóĆîíŤēé÷ĀúĆÖ 3 ךĂÙüøöĊĂ÷ĎŠõć÷Ĕî×ĂÜîĆÖïøĉĀćø ÝĆéÖćøõćÙíčøÖĉÝ ĒúąĀćÖĀúĂöøüöÖĆîÖĘÝąđðŨîõĎöĉÙčšöÖĆî
ìĊęöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîíčøÖĉÝ ÖĉÝÖćøĔĀšðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝĀøČĂñŠćîóšîüĉÖùêĉêŠćÜė ĕðĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜĕøÖĘ
êćö ĔîÿŠüî×ĂÜìčîìĊęÝąîĞćöćúÜìčîðøąÖĂïÖĉÝÖćøêŠćÜė îĆĚî óøąóčìíýćÿîćÖĘĕéšßĊĚĀøČĂĒÿéÜĕüšđóČęĂĔĀšéĞćđîĉî
êćö đøĊ÷ÖüŠć ēõÙüĉõćÙ 4 ĂĆîđðŨîÖćøĒïŠÜÝĆéÿøøēõÙą (ìčîìøĆó÷Ť) đðŨî 4 ÿŠüî
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.202) éĆÜîĊĚ
1. đĂđÖî ēõđÙõčťđď ß÷ď÷ : 1 ÿŠüî Ĕߚ݊ć÷đúĊĚ÷Üêî đúĊĚ÷ÜÙîìĊęÙüøïĞćøčÜĒúąìĞćðøąē÷ßîŤ
2-3. ìďüĊĀĉÖöďöĞðē÷ßđ÷ : 2 ÿŠüî ĔßšúÜìčîðøąÖĂïÖćøÜćî
4. ÝêčêďëťďÝîĉíćđð÷ď÷ : ĂĊÖ 1 ÿŠüî đÖĘïĕüšĔßšĔîÙøćüÝĞćđðŨî
ĂîċęÜ ĔîĀúĆÖÖćøêŠćÜėךćÜêšîîĊĚ đöČęĂóĉÝćøèćÝąđĀĘîüŠćöĊĂ÷ĎŠĔîĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ ĂĊÖĀöüéĀîċęÜ ÙČĂ
ĀöüéÿĆÜÙĀüĆêëč 4 ðøąÖćø (Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.42) ĕéšĒÖŠ
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

1. ìćî ÖćøĔĀš ÖćøđÿĊ÷ÿúą ÖćøĒïŠÜðŦîđóČęĂðøąē÷ßîŤĒÖŠÙîĂČęî ߊü÷ðúĎÖòŦÜĔĀšđðŨîÙîìĊęĕöŠđĀĘîĒÖŠêĆü

ĒïŠÜðŦîÖĆî ĔîךĂîĊĚ ñĎšìĊęđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜêšĂÜđðŨîÙîĔÝÖüšćÜ ĕöŠĔÝĒÙï ĕöŠêøąĀîĊę öĊÙüćöđÿĊ÷ÿúą øĎšÝĆÖĔĀš øĎšÝĆÖĒïŠÜðŦî
×ĂÜė êî ĒÖŠđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćî úĎÖÝšćÜĒúąñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßć đߊî øĎšÝĆÖđúĊĚ÷Üךćü đóČęĂîøŠüöÜćî úĎÖÝšćÜĒúą
ñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßćïšćÜĔîïćÜēĂÖćÿ øĎšÝĆÖĔĀš×ĂÜ×üĆâĒúąøćÜüĆúĔîÿĞćÙĆâė ïšćÜ đðŨîêšî ëšćìĞćĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜîĊĚÖĘÝąđðŨîìĊę
øĆÖ×ĂÜđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćî ×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜĒúąñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßć
2. ðŗ÷üćÝć ÖćøóĎéÝćéšü÷ëšĂ÷ÙĞćĕóđøćąĂŠĂîĀüćî ÝøĉÜĔÝ ĕöŠóĎéĀ÷ćïÙć÷Öšćüøšćü óĎéĔîÿĉęÜìĊęđðŨî
ðøąē÷ßîŤ đĀöćąÖĆïÖćúđìýą óĎééĊêŠĂÖĆî ñĎšđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜìĊęĀüĆÜÙüćöøĆÖÙüćöýøĆìíćÝćÖúĎÖîšĂÜ êšĂÜöĊ ðŗ÷üćÝć
îć÷ÝšćÜïćÜÙîðćÖøšć÷ĒêŠĔÝéĊĀöć÷ÙüćöüŠć đüúćóĎéÖĘóĎéĀšüîė óĎéđĀöČĂîöąîćüĕöŠöĊîĚĞć óĎéĒïï×üćîñŠćàćÖ
Ă÷ćÖÝąéŠćÖĘéŠćĂ÷ćÖÝąüŠćÖĘüŠć ĕöŠÙŠĂ÷ÙĞćîċÜëĎÖÙüćöøĎšÿċÖ×ĂÜÙîĂČęî ĒêŠüŠćđðŨîÙîĔÝéĊ đüúćìĊęúĎÖÝšćÜđéČĂéøšĂîÖĘ
ߊü÷đĀúČĂ đüúćìĊęđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćîđÝĘïĕךĕéšðśü÷ÖĘëćöĕëŠ đüúćìĊęñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßćöĊðŦâĀćÖĘߊü÷ĒÖšĕ× đøĊ÷ÖĕéšüŠćđðŨî
ÙîĔÝéĊöĊîĚĞćĔÝ ĒêŠđóĊ÷ÜĒÙŠđðŨîÙîĔÝéĊ öĊîĚĞćĔÝđóĊ÷ÜĂ÷ŠćÜđéĊ÷üÖĘ÷ĆÜĕöŠóĂÿĞćĀøĆïñĎšđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜ
3. ĂĆêëÝøĉ÷ć ߊü÷đĀúČĂÖĆî ñĎšđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜìĊęéĊÙüøìĊęøĎšÝĆÖđÿĊ÷ÿúąðøąē÷ßîŤÿŠüîêîđóČęĂðøąē÷ßîŤ
ÿŠüîøüöïšćÜ đߊî öĊÖĉÝÖøøöÜćîĔéĂĆîÝąđðŨîðøąē÷ßîŤêŠĂÿŠüîøüö ĀøČĂđðŨîðøąē÷ßîŤøŠüöÖĆî ĀøČĂöĊÖćøÿĆÜÿøøÙŤ
ÖĆîĔîĀöĎŠÙèąÖĘÙüøìĊęÝąđךćöćøŠüöïšćÜ ĀøČĂĕöŠÖĘÙüøìĊęÝąđÿĊ÷ÿúąìøĆó÷Ť×ĂÜêîđóČęĂðøąē÷ßîŤ×ĂÜÿŠüîøüöïšćÜ
đðŨîêšî
4. ÿöćîĆêêć ÖćøđðŨîñĎšöĊÙüćöÿöęĞćđÿöĂ ēé÷ðøąóùêĉêĆüĔĀšöĊÙüćöđÿöĂêšîđÿöĂðúć÷ üćÜêĆüéĊêŠĂÖĆî
îĉÿĆ÷đðŨîÖĆîđĂÜÿĞćĀøĆï îć÷ÝšćÜĕöŠÙüøÝąëČĂĂÜÙŤ đ÷ŠĂĀ÷ĉęÜ öĊöćîąëČĂêĆü ÙüøüćÜêîĔĀšÜŠć÷êŠĂÖćøđךćĀć øĎšÝĆÖüćÜ
êîĒúąĂćøöèŤĔĀšđÿöĂêšîđÿöĂðúć÷ ĕöŠĔߊìĞćêĆüđðŨî ñĊđךćñĊĂĂÖ đéĊĜ÷üéĊ đéĊĜ÷üøšć÷ đߊî đöČęĂđßšćĂćøöèŤéĊ óĂ
êĂîđìĊę÷ÜĂćøöèŤøšć÷ óĂêĂîđ÷ĘîĂćøöèŤïĎé đðŨîêšî ìĞćĔĀšñĎšøŠüöÜćîđéćĔÝĕöŠëĎÖ đéćĔÝ÷ćÖ ìĞćĔĀš
ñĎšĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßćĀüćéøąĒüÜĂ÷ĎŠêúĂéđüúć ÙČĂ ĕöŠøĎšüŠćÝąēéîéčēéîüŠćêĂîĕĀî éĆÜîĆĚîîć÷ÝšćÜìĊęéĊÙüøìĊęÝąìĞćêî
ĔĀšđðŨîÙîÜŠć÷ė đðŨîÙîđÿöĂêšîđÿöĂðúć÷ ðøąóùêĉêîĔĀšëĎÖêšĂÜÿöęĞćđÿöĂ
ÿøčð ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤêŠćÜė ìĊęĕéš÷ÖöćđðŨîêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜúšüîÿøčðúÜĔîĀúĆÖÖćø 3 ðøąÖćøךćÜêšîéĆÜÖúŠćü
ìĊęðøąÖĂïéšü÷ 1) ÝĆÖ×čöć ÙČĂ ÖćøöĊüĉÿĆ÷ìĆýîŤ 2) üĉíĎēø ÖćøÝĆéÖćøéĊ Ēúą 3) îĉÿÿ÷ÿöďðîďēî ÖćøöĊöîčþ÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤ
ÝċÜîĆïüŠćöĊÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâêŠĂĂÜÙŤÖøìčÖøąéĆïĒúąëČĂüŠćđðŨîĀîšćìĊę×ĂÜñĎšïøĉĀćø ñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćøĒúąïčÙúćÖøĔîìčÖ
øąéĆïÝąêšĂÜêøąĀîĆÖĒúąĔĀšÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâēé÷îĞćöćðøĆïðøą÷čÖêŤĔßšĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîõćÙíčøÖĉÝĀøČĂÜćîĔîĂÜÙŤÖø
êŠćÜė Ă÷ŠćÜĕøÖĘêćö ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøíčøÖĉÝêćöĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤ ÷ĆÜÿćöćøëóĉÝćøèćĀøČĂîĞćĀúĆÖÖćøðäĉïêĆ ĉ
êŠĂÖĆîøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜĕéšĂĊÖ ÖúŠćüÙČĂ ĔîĀúĆÖíøøöìĉý 6 ìĉýìĊę 5 đĀäåĉöìĉý (ìĉýđïČĚĂÜúŠćÜ)
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, pp.202-206) óøąóčìíýćÿîćĕéšÖúŠćüëċÜĀúĆÖíøøö
ךĂðäĉïĆêĉøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜđóČęĂđðŨîÖćøðŜĂÜÖĆîĒúąúéߊĂÜüŠćÜđúĘÖė îšĂ÷ė ìĊęìĞćĔĀšđÖĉéðŦâĀćøąĀüŠćÜ
îć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ Ēúą÷ĆÜđðŨîÖćøđóĉęöÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĒúąýĊúíøøöĂĆîéĊøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî
đðŨîÖćøđóĉęö×üĆâĒúąÖĞćúĆÜĔÝĔĀšúĎÖÝšćÜ ĀúĆÖíøøöךĂðäĉïĆêĉÿĞćĀøĆïîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜìĞćĔĀšìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ÿĞćđøĘÝ
ðøąē÷ßîŤ ìĆĚÜĔîéšćîĀîšćìĊęÖćøÜćî×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜĒúąÖćøđÝøĉâđêĉïēêĔîĂÜÙŤÖøÖĉÝÖćø×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜéšü÷öĊđîČĚĂĀćךĂ
ðäĉïĆêĉêŠĂÖĆî éĆÜîĊĚ
1. îć÷ÝšćÜóċÜðäĉïĆêĉêŠĂúĎÖÝšćÜ éĆÜîĊĚ
1.1 ÝĆéÖćøÜćîĔĀšìĞćêćöÖĞćúĆÜÙüćöÿćöćøë ēé÷đøĉęöÝćÖÖćøøĆïÿöĆÙøĒúąÿĆöõćþèŤÜćîĔĀšêøÜÖĆï
úĆÖþèąÜćîìĊęÝąêšĂÜöĊÖćøüŠćÝšćÜ êúĂéĕðÝîëċÜÖćøÿĂîÜćîÖćøìéúĂÜÜćîøüöëċÜöĊÖćøðøąđöĉîñúÜćîĔî
×ĆĚîêĂîêŠćÜė ÿćöćøëìĞćĔĀšñĎšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßćĀøČĂîć÷ÝšćÜøĆïøĎšëċÜúĆÖþèąĂčðîĉÿĆ÷×ĂÜóîĆÖÜćîüŠćđĀöćąÿöÖĆï
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

úĆÖþèąÜćîðøąđõìĔé ÖŠĂĔĀšđÖĉéÙüćöđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćøðøąöćèÖćøúŠüÜĀîšćüŠćÜćîìĊęöĂïĀöć÷ĔĀšĒÖŠóîĆÖÜćî
ÝąðøąÿïñúÿĞćđøĘÝöćÖîšĂ÷đóĊ÷ÜĔé
1.2 ĔĀšÙŠćÝšćÜøćÜüĆúÿöÙüøĒÖŠÜćîĒúą ÙüćöđðŨîĂ÷ĎŠĔîÖćøìĞćÜćîìĊęöĊÿŠüîđÖĊę÷üךĂÜÖĆïÖćøüŠćÝšćÜ
ÖćøðøąđöĉîñúÜćîëČĂüŠćđðŨîĒøÜÝĎÜĔÝ ìĞćĔĀš×üĆâĒúąÖĞćúĆÜĔÝ×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜìĊęöĊêŠĂÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøöćÖ÷ĉęÜ×ċĚîĒúą
ìĞćĔĀšúĎÖÝšćÜöĊÖĞćúĆÜĔÝĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî ÝąÿŠÜñúĔĀšñúÜćî×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜìĊęìĞćĔĀšîć÷ÝšćÜîĆĚîöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóöćÖ÷ĉęÜ×ċĚî
1.3 ÝĆéÿüĆÿéĉÖćøéĊöĊߊü÷øĆÖþćó÷ćïćúĔî÷ćöđÝĘïĕך đðŨîêšî đðŨîÖćøĒÿéÜĂĂÖàċęÜîĚĞćĔÝìĊęîć÷ÝšćÜ
ñĎšđðŨîđÝšć×ĂÜÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøîĆĚî öĊĒÖŠúĎÖÝšćÜĀøČĂñĎšìĊęĂ÷ĎŠĔêšïĆÜÙĆïïĆâßć đðŨîÿŠüîđßČęĂöē÷Üÿć÷ÿĆöóĆîíŤĂĆîéĊ
đðŨîÖćøÿøšćÜÙüćöøĆÖÙüćöñĎÖóĆîìĊęúĎÖÝšćÜöĊêŠĂĂÜÙŤÖø ĀøČĂÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøöćÖ÷ĉęÜ×ċĚî Ēúą÷ĆÜĒÿéÜëċÜÙüćö
ĀŠüÜĔ÷ìĊęîć÷ÝšćÜóċÜÝąöĊĔĀšĒÖŠúĎÖÝšćÜ đߊî öĊÖćøߊü÷đĀúČĂøĆÖþćó÷ćïćúìĊęîĂÖđĀîČĂÝćÖìĊęÖãĀöć÷ÙøĂïÙúčö
đðŨîêšî
1.4 ĕéš×ĂÜĒðúÖė óĉđýþöć ÖĘĒïŠÜðŦîĔĀš ĔîÿŠüîîĊĚöĊĂ÷ĎŠĀúć÷êŠĂĀúć÷øĎðĒïïĒúšüĒêŠēĂÖćÿìĊę
ÝąêšĂÜÙĞćîċÜëċÜ ïčÙÙú đüúć ĒúąÿëćîìĊę đóČęĂìĊęÝąĕéšëĎÖĔÝìĆĚÜñĎšĔĀšĒúąñĎšøĆï đðŨî×ĂÜóĉđýþÿĞćĀøĆïúĎÖÝšćÜ ìĊęúĎÖÝšćÜ
êšĂÜÖćøĀøČĂĂ÷ćÖÝąĕéš đóČęĂđðŨîÖćøÿøšćÜÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĂĆîéĊøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜĔîÖćøìĞćÜćîøŠüöÖĆî
1.5 ĔĀšöĊüĆîĀ÷čéĒúąóĆÖñŠĂîĀ÷ŠĂîĔÝêćöēĂÖćÿ ĂĆîÙüøîĂÖđĀîČĂÝćÖüĆîĀ÷čéóĆÖñŠĂîìĊęđðŨîĕð
êćöÖãĀöć÷ÖĞćĀîéĒúšü îć÷ÝšćÜÙüøÝąöĊüĆîĀ÷čéóĉđýþĀøČĂóćúĎÖÝšćÜĔîÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøĔîđìĊę÷üÿëćîìĊę
êŠćÜė ĀøČĂĔĀšēĂÖćÿúĎÖÝšćÜĕéšĀ÷čéóĆÖñŠĂîĔîüĆîÿĞćÙĆâė ÖĆïÙøĂïÙøĆüđóČęĂóĆÖñŠĂîìĆĚÜøŠćÜÖć÷ĒúąÝĉêĔÝ ĒúąđðŨî
ÖćøñŠĂîÙúć÷ĀøČĂÙúć÷đÙøĊ÷éÝćÖÖćøēĀöìĞćÜćîĔĀšÖĆïîć÷ÝšćÜ
2. úĎÖÝšćÜóċÜðäĉïĆêĉêŠĂîć÷ÝšćÜ éĆÜîĊĚ
2.1 účÖ×ċĚîìĞćÖćøÜćîÖŠĂîîć÷ ĔîìĊęîĊĚĂćÝÝąĀöć÷ÙüćöëċÜÖćøđêøĊ÷öÙüćöóøšĂöêŠĂĀîšćìĊęė ĕéš
øĆïñĉéßĂïĔĀšóøšĂöìĊęÝąÿćöćøëðäĉïĆêĉÜćîĂ÷ŠćÜóøšĂöđóøĊ÷ÜÖŠĂîìĊęÝąöĊÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćîêćöøą÷ąđüúćìĊęÖĞćĀîé
ĒúąđðŨîÖćøĒÿéÜëċÜÙüćö×÷ĆîĔĀšÖĆïîć÷ÝšćÜĕéšđĀĘîëċÜÙüćö×÷Ćî×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜ ĒúąđðŨîÖćøÿøšćÜñúÜćî đðŨîìĊę
ßČęîßöĔĀšĒÖŠîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćî
2.2 đúĉÖÜćîìĊĀúĆÜîć÷ ĒÿéÜëċÜ ÙüćöøĆïñĉéßĂïĔîĀîšćìĊęÖćøÜćî×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜìĊęêšĂÜöĊöćÖ ĔîÖćø
êøüÝêøćéĎĒúđĂćĔÝĔÿŠĔîđîČĚĂĀć×ĂÜÜćî ĔîìĊęîĊĚÙüćöĀöć÷öĉĔߊĒÙŠđóĊ÷ÜÖćøđúĉÖÜćîĀúĆÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒêŠĂćÝĀöć÷ëċÜ
ÖćøđêøĊ÷öÙüćöóøšĂöìĊęÝąđøĉęöÜćîĔîēĂÖćÿêŠĂĕð ĒúąđðŨîÖćøĒÿéÜĔĀšîć÷ÝšćÜđĀĘîýĆÖ÷õćóÙüćöĒ×ĘÜĒøÜ Ēúą
×÷Ćî×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜ đðŨîÖćøÿøšćÜßČęĂĔĀšîć÷ÝšćÜĕéšêĉéêć đöČęĂîć÷ÝšćÜÝąđúČęĂîêĞćĒĀîŠÜĀøČĂđÜĉîđéČĂîÖĘÝąÙĉéëċÜúĎÖÝšćÜ
ìĊę×÷Ćî×ĆîĒ×ĘÜđðŨîĂĆîéĆïĒøÖ
2.3 ëČĂđĂćĒêŠ×ĂÜìĊęîć÷ĔĀš ÿŠüîĔéìĊęĕöŠĕéšøĆïöĂïĀöć÷ĒúąĕéšøĆïĂîčâćêàċęÜĂćÝÝąđÖĉéÖćøÿĎâđÿĊ÷
ìĆĚÜĔîðŦÝÝčïĆîĒúąĔîĂîćÙêÖĘĕöŠîĞćöćðäĉïĆêĉ ĂĊÖĂ÷ŠćÜ ÿĉęÜìĊęîć÷ÝšćÜĀšćöĕöŠĔĀšĕð÷čŠÜđÖĊę÷üĀøČĂ ïøĉđüèĀøČĂĀšĂÜ
ÿëćîìĊęė îć÷ÝšćÜĀšćöúĎÖÝšćÜđךć ĂćÝÝąéšü÷đĀêčñúĂČęîė ĔéÖĘêćö úĎÖÝšćÜÖĘĕöŠÙüøìĊęÝąđךćĕð ĕöŠđóĊ÷ÜĒêŠ×ĂÜìĊę
îć÷ÝšćÜĀšćöĕüš ÖćøìĊęđøćĕðĔîÿëćîìĊęė îć÷ÝšćÜĀšćöĀøČĂĕðĀ÷ĉïÝĆïÿĉęÜ×ĂÜđúĘÖė îšĂ÷ė îĆĚî đðŨîÖćøĒÿéÜÙüćö
ìčÝøĉêêŠĂîć÷ÝšćÜ ëšćđÖĉéđĀêčÖćøèŤ×ĂÜĀć÷ĀøČĂÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøēéî×ēö÷ēÝøÖøøö ïčÙÙúìĊęîć÷ÝšćÜîċÖëċÜđðŨî
ĂĆîéĆïĒøÖÖĘÙČĂ úĎÖÝšćÜÙîîĆĚî
2.4 ðøĆïðøčÜÖćøìĞćÜćîĔĀšéĊ×ċĚî öĊÙüćöøĂïÙĂïĔîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉĒúąÿćöćøëóĆçîćĒúąđóĉęö×Ċé
ÙüćöÿćöćøëĔĀšñúÜćîìĊęĂĂÖöćêćöìĊęĕéšøĆïöĂïĀöć÷öĊÙčèÙŠćöćÖÖüŠćìĊęöĊÖćøêĆĚÜđðŜćĀöć÷ĕüš îĂÖÝćÖîĊĚ÷ĆÜđðŨî
ÖćøìĞćĔĀšîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćîĔîÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøĕéšđĀĘîëċÜÙüćöÿąĂćé đøĊ÷ïøšĂ÷ öĊĒïïĒñîĔîÖćø
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ìĞćÜćî ìĞćĔĀšđøćìĞćÜćîĕéšéĊĒúąđÖĉéÖćøóĆçîćÖćøĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî đöČęĂñúÜćîìĊęĂĂÖöćéĊ îć÷ÝšćÜĀøČĂđÝšć×ĂÜ

ÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćø÷ŠĂö÷ĉîéĊ đðŨîÖćøÿøšćÜñúÜćîĔĀšÖĆïêîđĂÜéšü÷
2.5 îĞćđÖĊ÷øêĉÙčè×ĂÜîć÷ĕðđñ÷ĒóøŠĔîÿŠüîîĊĚêšĂÜìĞćÙüćöđךćĔÝĔĀšÖøąÝŠćÜĒÝšÜÖŠĂîüŠćöĉĕéš
Āöć÷ÙüćöëċÜ ÖćøðøąÝïðøąĒÝÜĒêŠđðŨîÖćøîĞćÿĉęÜìĊęéĊ×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜĕðïĂÖđúŠćĔĀšĒÖŠñĎšìĊęêšĂÜÖćøìøćïĕöŠüŠćÝą
đðŨîđøČęĂÜÖćøìĞćÜćî Öćøߊü÷đĀúČĂìĊęöĊĔĀšĒÖŠóîĆÖÜćîĔîåćîąîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ êćöĀúĆÖóøąóčìíýćÿîć÷ĆÜöĊ
ĂĊÖ ÙČĂ óĎéÿŠüîéĊ×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜĔĀšöćÖ ëšćöĊïčÙÙúĀøČĂĔÙøëćöđøČęĂÜĔîÿŠüîìĊęĕöŠéĊ×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜ ĔĀšóĎéĔĀšîšĂ÷ė ĒêŠ
óĎéÿŠüîéĊĔĀšöćÖė ÖćøîĞćđÖĊ÷øêĉÙčè×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜĕððøąÖćý đðŨîÖćøĒÿéÜÖćøêĂïĒìîÙčèĔĀšîć÷ÝšćÜìĊęöĊêŠĂ
úĎÖÝšćÜ
ĀúĆÖíøøöìĉý 6 üŠćéšü÷ìĉýìĊę 5 đĀäåĉöìĉý (ìĉýđïČĚĂÜúŠćÜ) ךćÜêšîîĊĚđðŨîĀúĆÖíøøöÙĞćÿĂîìĊęÿøšćÜÙüćö
öĆęîÙÜĔĀšÖĆïîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąòść÷úĎÖÝšćÜÝąêšĂÜöĊĂÜÙŤðøąÖĂï 2 ÿŠüî ÙČĂ 1) éšćîÖć÷ 2) éšćîÝĉêĔÝ ĔîÿŠüî×ĂÜéšćî
Öć÷ îĆĚîóïüŠćêćöìĊęĕéšöĊÖćøĂĂÖÖãĀöć÷ÙčšöÙøĂÜĒøÜćî ìĊęïĆââĆêĉëċÜÿĉìíĉĒúąĀîšćìĊęךĂðäĉïĆêĉøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜ
ĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ ēé÷ÖĞćĀîéöćêøåćî×ĆĚîêęĞćĔîÖćøĔßšĒøÜÜćîĒúąÖćøÝŠć÷ÙŠćêĂïĒìîĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî ìĆĚÜîĊĚđóČęĂĔĀš
úĎÖÝšćÜìĞćÜćîéšü÷ÙüćöðúĂéõĆ÷ öĊÿč×õćóĂîćöĆ÷ĂĆîéĊ ēé÷øĆïÙŠćêĂïĒìîĒúąÿüĆÿéĉÖćøêćöÿöÙüø ĒêŠĔîÿŠüî
éšćîÝĉêĔÝìĊęđðŨîúĆÖþèąóùêĉÖøøöìĊęđÖĉé×ċĚîõć÷ĔîÝĉêĔÝ×ĂÜòść÷îć÷ÝšćÜĒúąòść÷úĎÖÝšćÜ ÷ĆÜöĉĕéšöĊÖćøÖĞćĀîéđðŨî
ĒîüìćÜĔîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉìĊęÿćöćøëîĞćĕððøą÷čÖêŤĔßšÖĆïéšćîÖć÷đóČęĂĔĀšòść÷îć÷ÝšćÜ ĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜöĊÙüćöÿöïĎøèŤ
ÙøïëšüîìĆĚÜìćÜéšćîÖć÷ĒúąÝĉêĔÝ ĔîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćî àċęÜöĊÙüćööĆęîÙÜĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî×ĂÜìĆĚÜòść÷îć÷ÝšćÜĒúą
úĎÖÝšćÜ
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ĒêŠĔîìćÜÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĂĆîéĊøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜÝąêšĂÜÙĉéÙĞćîċÜëċÜÙüćöđךćĔÝ×ĂÜìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ÖŠĂîüŠć
ĒêŠúąòść÷ĂąúčŠöĂúŠü÷ĔĀšÖĆîĕéšĒÙŠĕĀî đóČęĂĔĀšìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ðøĂÜéĂÜĂ÷ĎŠøŠüöÖĆîĕéšìĆĚÜĔîõćüąðÖêĉĒúąõćüąüĉÖùê
àċęÜÝąêšĂÜñŠĂîĀîĆÖñŠĂîđïćĔĀšÖĆîĒúąøŠüöòśćôŦîĂčðÿøøÙĔĀšñŠćîóšîĕðĕéšéšü÷éĊ ĀøČĂĀćÖÝąêšĂÜ×ĆéĒ÷šÜÖĆîĒúšü
ÖĘĕöŠöĊĔÙøĒóš ĕöŠöĊĔÙøßîą öĊĒêŠÙüćöÿÜïÿč×đðŨîßĆ÷ßîą×ĂÜÿĆÜÙö đóøćąìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷êšĂÜêÖúÜøŠüöÖĆîĒêŠĒøÖüŠć
đöČęĂöĊÙüćö×ĆéĒ÷šÜÝąĕöŠĔßšÙüćöøčîĒøÜêŠĂÖĆî (Phra Kriangkrai, Wutthorot (Suwankam), 2014, p.79)
ÙüćöđðŨîĀîċęÜĔÝđéĊ÷üÖĆî×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜúĎÖÝšćÜ ÙüøøŠüöÖĆîÿøšćÜ×ċĚîéšü÷ĔÝïøĉÿčìíĉĝđóČęĂøŠüöÖĆîìĞćÜćî Ēúą
ìúć÷ÖĞćĒóÜ×üćÜÖĆĚîÙüćöđðŨî îć÷ÝšćÜ Ēúą úĎÖÝšćÜ đóČęĂĂ÷ĎŠøŠüöĒïïÙøĂïÙøĆüđéĊ÷üÖĆî ĒúąÿøšćÜüĆçîíøøö
îć÷ÝšćÜúĎÖÝšćÜ ĔĀšđÖĉéÙüćöøĎšÿċÖđðŨîĀîċęÜđéĊ÷ü×ĂÜïčÙÙúìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ đðŨîÿĉęÜìĊęêšĂÜöĊÙĎŠÖĆî ĒúąĕöŠÿćöćøëĒ÷ÖĂĂÖ
ÝćÖÖĆîĕéš đߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆîÖĆïøŠćÜÖć÷ĒúąÝĉêĔÝÝĉêĔÝìĞćÜćîñŠćîÿöĂÜ ēé÷đðŨîýĎî÷ŤÿĆęÜÖćøĔĀšÿŠüîêŠćÜė ×ĂÜøŠćÜÖć÷
đÙúČęĂîĕĀü ëšćÿöĂÜĕöŠìĞćÜćîĀøČĂÝĉêĔÝĀéĀĎŠ ĕöŠøŠćđøĉÜñŠĂÜĔÿ ÿŠüîêŠćÜė ×ĂÜøŠćÜÖć÷ÖĘÝąđÙúČęĂîĕĀüñĉéðÖêĉêćö
ĕðéšü÷ ÿĞćĀøĆïÙîìĊęêć÷Ēúšü ÝĉêĀøČĂüĉââćèÝąëĎÖĒ÷ÖĂĂÖÝćÖøŠćÜĕð đðøĊ÷ïĕéšÖĆïîć÷ÝšćÜ ÙČĂ ÝĉêĔÝđðŨîñĎšÙĉé
ñĎšïøĉĀćøÜćî ĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ ÙČĂ øŠćÜÖć÷ đðŨîñĎšìĞć ñĎšðäĉïĆêĉÜćî ëšćîć÷ÝšćÜĕöŠöĊúĎÖÝšćÜ ñĎšîĆĚîÝąÿĆęÜĔÙø ÝąöĊĔÙø
ìĞćÜćîĔĀš ĒúąÝąĕéšñúÜćîĂ÷ŠćÜĕø ĀøČĂëšćúĎÖÝšćÜĕöŠöĊîć÷ÝšćÜ ñĎšîĆĚîÝąøĆïÙĞćÿĆęÜÝćÖĔÙø ÝąöĊĔÙøöĂïĀöć÷Üćî
ĔĀš ĒúąÝąĕéšÙŠćêĂïĒìîĂ÷ŠćÜĕø ĀćÖđðŨîđߊîîĊĚĒúšü ÙüćöđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜĀøČĂ úĎÖÝšćÜ ÷ŠĂöĕöŠđÖĉé×ċĚî đĀöČĂîÖĆîÖĆï
øŠćÜÖć÷ìĊęðøćýÝćÖüĉââćè ÖĘĕöŠđøĊ÷ÖüŠć “Ùî”üĉíĊÙĉéđßĉÜïüÖ ĔÙøė ÖĘÙĉéĕéš ÙĉéĕéšĔîìčÖÿëćîìĊę ÙĉéĕéšĔîìčÖđüúć
ĒöšĔî÷ćöÙĆï×Ćî ÙĉéđóČęĂÿøšćÜÖĞćúĆÜĔÝ ÙĉéđóČęĂÿøšćÜĕöêøĊ ÙĉéđÖĊę÷üÖĆïÿĉęÜìĊęéĊ ÙĉéĂ÷ŠćÜĕöŠöĊĂÙêĉ ÙĉéĂ÷ŠćÜöĂÜēúÖĔî
ĒÜŠéĊ ÙĉéĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðŦââć ĕöŠüŠćÝąđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜĀøČĂúĎÖÝšćÜ øüöëċÜñĎšìĞćĀîšćìĊęđðŨîÙîÖúćÜ øąĀüŠćÜÿĂÜòść÷ìčÖÙîöĊ
ÙüćöÿćöćøëÙĉéđßĉÜïüÖĕéšìĆĚÜÿĉĚî ēé÷ĔĀšÙĞćîċÜëċÜÿć÷Ĕ÷ÙüćöñĎÖóĆîìĊęöĊêŠĂÖĆîđðŨîìĊęêĆĚÜđóČęĂÿøšćÜÙüćöđךćĔÝ
øąĀüŠćÜÖĆîĕüš
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

đöČęĂîć÷ÝšćÜÖĆïúĎÖÝšćÜêŠćÜðäĉïĆêĉêŠĂÖĆîêćöïìïćìĀîšćìĊę×ĂÜêî ñĎšđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜĀøČĂđðŨîĔĀ⊠îĆĚîÝąêšĂÜöĊÝĉêĔÝ

ðøąÖĂïĕðéšü÷ÙüćöđĀĘîĂÖđĀĘîĔÝ öĊÙüćöđöêêć êŠĂđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćîĀøČĂúĎÖÝšćÜìĆĚÜĀúć÷ đóøćąüŠćëšćöîčþ÷ŤĀøČĂ
Ùîđøć×ćéÙüćöøĆÖÙüćöđöêêćêŠĂÖĆîĒúšüîĆĚî ÖĘĕöŠêŠćÜÝćÖÿĆêüŤđéøĆÝÞćî ÿĆêüŤðśćìĊęéčøšć÷ óøšĂöìĊęÝą×÷ĚĞćđĀ÷ČęĂ
ĀøČĂýĆêøĎÞąîĆĚîÞĆîĔéÖĘđÞÖđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆî ÖćøìĞćÜćîøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ îć÷ÝšćÜÖĘÝćĞ êšĂÜöĊĀúĆÖÙčèíøøöĔî
ÝĉêĔÝđóČęĂÿøšćÜÙüćöĂïĂčŠîĔĀšĒÖŠĂÜÙŤÖøÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćøîĆĚî ĀúĆÖíøøöîĆęîÙČĂóøĀöüĉĀćø 4 ðøąÖćø
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.280) ĕéšĒÖŠ
1) đöêêć ðøćøëîćÝąĔĀšñĎšĂČęîöĊÙüćöÿč× ÙüćöđöêêćîĆĚîöĊìčÖÙîÿćöćøëöĊĔĀšÖĆîĕéšĕöŠđüšîĒöšĒêŠÿĆêüŤ
đéøĆÝÞćî ÖĘ÷ĆÜöĊĔĀšÖĆîĒúąÖĆîĕéš ÿĞćĀøĆïÖćøìĞćÜćîøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜĒúšüîć÷ÝšćÜàċęÜëČĂüŠćöĊĂĞćîćÝđðŨî
ĔĀâŠĔîÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćø êšĂÜöĊÝĉêĔÝìĊęđöêêć öĊÙüćöøĆÖêŠĂðøćøëîćêŠĂúĎÖÝšćÜ đóČęĂìĊęÝąÿøšćÜÿćîÿĆöóĆîíŤĂĆîéĊ
øąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜ ÙüćööĊđöêêćêŠĂúĎÖÝšćÜđðŨîÖćøúéߊĂÜüŠćÜøąĀüŠćÜÙĞćüŠć îć÷ Ēúą ïŠćü ÙîøĆïĔßš
đóČęĂĔĀšÖúć÷đðŨîÙüćöøĎšÿċÖìĊęüŠć öĉêøõćóĀøČĂđóČęĂîøŠüöÜćî đìŠćîĆĚî
2) Öøčèć Ùĉéߊü÷đĀúČĂñĎšĂČęîĔĀšóšîìčÖ׍ ÙüćöÖøčèćîĆĚîöĊìčÖÙîÿćöćøëöĊĔĀšÖĆîĕéš ĕöŠđüšîĒöšĒêŠĔîÿĆêüŤ
đéøĆÝÞćî ÖĘ÷ĆÜöĊĔĀšÖĆîĕéš ĔîÖćøìĞćÜćîĔîÿëćîðøąÖĂïÖćø×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜ àċęÜîć÷ÝšćÜêšĂÜìĞćÜćîøŠüöÖĆîúĎÖÝšćÜ
đöČęĂîć÷ÝšćÜđĀĘîúĎÖÝšćÜĕéšøĆïÙüćöúĞćïćÖ ×ćéĒÙúîÿĉęÜĔé ÖĘÙüøìĊęݹߊü÷đĀúČĂđÖČĚĂÖĎú ÿĂïëćö ëćöĕëŠ ëċÜ
ÿćøìčÖ׍ÿčÖéĉï×ĂÜúĎÖÝšćÜ đóČęĂìĊęݹߊü÷đĀúČĂ úĎÖÝšćÜđìŠćìĊęÖĞćúĆÜ×ĂÜîć÷ÝšćÜݹߊü÷đĀúČĂĕéšïšćÜ ĕöŠöćÖÖĘîšĂ÷
3) öčìĉêć ÙüćöóúĂ÷÷ĉîéĊđöČęĂñĎšĂČęîĕéšéĊöĊÿč× ÿĞćĀøĆïÖćøđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜ ÷ŠĂöÝąêšĂÜóúĂ÷÷ĉîéĊÖĆïúĎÖÝšćÜ
ìĊęìĞćÜćîĒúąðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝĔîÖĉÝÖćøÜćîìĊęúĎÖÝšćÜìĞć ĒúąÙüøÿŠÜđÿøĉöúĎÖÝšćÜìĊęêĆĚÜĔÝìĞćÜćî ×÷ĆîĔîÖćø
ìĞćÜćîÝîðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝĔîĀîšćìĊęÖćøÜćî óúĂ÷÷ĉîéĊđöČęĂúĎÖÝšćÜìĞćéĊ ĒúąÖĘĕöŠìĞćēìþ ĀøČĂÙćéēìþ đöČęĂ
úĎÖÝšćÜìĞćñĉé ĔĀšðøąÖĂïéšü÷ĀúĆÖíøøöóøĀöüĉĀćø 4 óøšĂöĕðéšü÷
4) ĂčđïÖ×ć üćÜđÞ÷ ÖćøüćÜđÞ÷ĔîìĊîę ĊĚ öĉĕéšĀöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøîĉęÜđÞ÷ĕöŠĕéšìĞćĂąĕøđú÷ðúŠĂ÷ðąúąđú÷ĕðđÿĊ÷
ÙüćöĀöć÷×ĂÜÙĞćüŠć ĂčđïÖ×ć öĉĔߊĂ÷ŠćÜîĆĚî àċęÜÙîÿŠüîöćÖđךćĔÝÙüćöĀöć÷×ĂÜÙĞćüŠć ĂčđïÖ×ć ñĉéĕðđÿĊ÷ ÙĞćüŠć
üćÜđÞ÷ ÖĆïÙĞćüŠć îĉęÜđÞ÷ ÝċÜêŠćÜÖĆîĔîÙüćöĀöć÷ĒúąÖćøĔßšÙĞć ÙĞćüŠć îĉęÜđÿĊ÷ Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøĕöŠìĞćĂąĕøđú÷ ĕöŠ÷Ăö
ìĞćĂąĕø ðúŠĂ÷ðąúąđú÷ĕðđÿĊ÷ đĀöČĂîÖĆîÖĆïÙĞćÿčõćþĉêìĊęüŠć ßĆęüߊćÜßĊ éĊߊćÜÿÜÛŤ Ă÷ŠćÜîĊĚđðŨîêšî ÿŠüîÙĞćüŠć üćÜ
đÞ÷ Āöć÷ëċÜ ÖćøìĊęüćÜđÞ÷êŠĂÙüćöüĉïĆêĉ ĀøČĂÙüćöđÿĊ÷Āć÷×ĂÜñĎšĂČęîĕöŠĕðéĊĔÝ ßĂïĔÝĔîÿĉęÜìĊęñĎšĂČęîøĆÖóĂĔÝĒúąĕéš
đÿĊ÷Āć÷ĕð ÿĞćĀøĆïÙüćöđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜ îĆĚî đöČęĂúĎÖÝšćÜĕéšøĆïÙüćöđÿĊ÷Āć÷ĀøČĂïćéđÝĘïÝćÖÖćøìĞćÜćî ÖĘĕöŠĕðÿąĔÝ
ĀøČĂßĂïĔÝ ĔîÙüćöđÿĊ÷Āć÷ĀøČĂÙüćöĕéšøĆïÖćøïćéđÝĘï×ĂÜÙîÜćîúĎÖÝšćÜĒêŠĂ÷ŠćÜĔé ĔĀšðøąÖĂïĕðéšü÷óøĀö
üĉĀćø 4 đöČęĂóĉÝćøèćéĎĒúšüÿćöćøëìĊęݹߊü÷đĀúČĂÖĘߊü÷đĀúČĂĔĀšđêĘöìĊęđìŠćìĊęÝąìĞćĕéš ĒêŠëšćĕöŠÿćöćøëߊü÷đĀúČĂ
úĎÖÝšćÜĕéš ĕöŠüŠćÝąđøČęĂÜĔéđøČęĂÜĂČęîė ÖĘêćö ÖĘĔĀšìĞćĔÝüćÜđÞ÷đÿĊ÷ ĕöŠ÷ĉîéĊ÷ĉîøšć÷êŠĂđøČęĂÜîĆĚîė
ĔîÿĆÜÙöðŦÝÝčïĆî ñĎšÙîÝĞćîüîöćÖĔîüÜÖćøíčøÖĉÝöĆÖöĂÜßĊüĉêüŠćđðŨîÖćøêŠĂÿĎšøąĀüŠćÜñúðøąē÷ßîŤìĊę
×ĆéÖĆî ÝċÜđÖĉéđðŨîîć÷ÝšćÜÖĆïúĎÖÝšćÜ đöČęĂÙîëČĂđĂćìøĆó÷ŤÖĆïĂĞćîćÝđðŨîÝčéĀöć÷×ĂÜßĊüĉê ÿĆÜÙöÖĘÖúć÷đðŨîÿîćö
êŠĂÿĎšøąĀüŠćÜñúðøąē÷ßîŤÿŠüîêĆüìĊę×ĆéÖĆî đøćÖĘđú÷êšĂÜđìĊę÷üĀćÝøĉ÷íøøöÿĞćĀøĆïðÖðŜĂÜñúðøąē÷ßîŤđĀúŠćîĆĚîîĊę
ÙČĂ “Ýøĉ÷íøøöđßĉÜúï” ÖúŠćüÙČĂ ÿĆÜÙö÷ċéĀúĆÖñúðøąē÷ßîŤĒïïđĀĘîĒÖŠêĆü ēé÷÷ċé ÿĉìíĉ×ĂÜĒêŠúąÙîìĊęÝą
ĒÿüÜĀćÙüćöÿč× ÖĘđú÷êšĂÜÖćøÝøĉ÷íøøöéĆÜđߊî ÿĉìíĉöîčþ÷ßî öćÙĂ÷ÖĆîĕüšĔîøąĀüŠćÜìĊęüĉęÜĀćÙüćöÿč×îĆĚî ĀúĆÖ
óčìíÝøĉ÷íøøöđðŨîÝøĉ÷íøøöđßĉÜïüÖ ðøąē÷ßîŤÿ×č ÙČĂ ÝčéĀöć÷ ĀćĔߊìøĆó÷ŤĒúąĂĞćîćÝĕöŠ óøąóčìíýćÿîćëČĂüŠć
ÿĆÜÙöđðŨîÿČęĂÖúćÜìĊęߊü÷ĔĀšìčÖÙîöĊēĂÖćÿĂĆîđìŠćđìĊ÷öÖĆî ìĊęÝąóĆçîćêîđĂÜĒúąđךćëċÜðøąē÷ßîŤÿč×ĕéšöćÖìĊęÿčé
ĒúąîĞćđĂćÝøĉ÷íøøööćĔßšđóČęĂđÖČĚĂĀîčîÝčéĀöć÷ìĊęÖúŠćüîĊĚ (Phraphromkunaporn (P.A.Payutto), 2004, pp.
4-5)
 The Golden Teak : Humanity and Social Science Journal (GTHJ.)
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Vol.25 No.1 January - March 2019 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ÿøčðĕéšüŠć ĀúĆÖÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔîìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîćìĊęßĂï ëĎÖêšĂÜéĊÜćöîĆĚî ÝĞćêšĂÜúąđüšîöĉÝÞćĂćßĊüą

ìĆĚÜ 5 ëċÜĒöšüŠćĂćßĊóïćÜĂ÷ŠćÜÝąëĎÖÖãĀöć÷ÖĘêćö ĒêŠĕöŠëĎÖêšĂÜđĀöćąÿöìćÜóøąóčìíýćÿîć éĆÜîĆĚîÖćøéĞćđîĉî
íčøÖĉÝĀøČĂéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉêĔîÿĆÜÙöðŦÝÝčïĆî êćöìĆýîąóøąóčìíýćÿîćÝċÜéĞćđîĉîïîåćîÿčÝøĉê 3 ðøąÖćø
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.57) ĕéšĒÖŠ 1) đüšîÝćÖìčÝøĉê ÖćøðøąóùêĉßĆęüìćÜ
Öć÷ìćÜüćÝćìćÜĔÝ 2) ðøąÖĂïÿčÝøĉê ÖćøðøąóùêĉßĂïìćÜÖć÷ìćÜüćÝć ìćÜĔÝ 3) ìĞćĔÝ×ĂÜêîĔĀšĀöéÝé
ÝćÖđÙøČęĂÜđýøšćĀöĂÜĔÝ öĊēúõ ēÖøí ĀúÜ đðŨîêšî ÞąîĆĚî ĀúĆÖÖćøéĞćđîĉîíčøÖĉÝĔîìĆýîąóøąóčìíýćÿîćÝċÜđðŨî
đÙøČęĂÜöČĂÙüïÙčöÖć÷ üćÝć ÝĉêĔÝĒúąøĆÖþćĒïïĒñî×îïíøøöđîĊ÷öðøąđóèĊĒúąüĆçîíøøö×ĂÜĕì÷
ߊü÷ðúĎÖòŦÜÝøĉ÷íøøöĒúąĒïïĒñîìćÜÿĆÜÙöĔĀšÖĆïñĎšÙîĔîÿĆÜÙö ĀúĆÖóčìíÝøĉ÷ýćÿêøŤÝċÜìĞćĀîšćìĊęîĊĚēé÷Öćø
ÿąìšĂîÙŠćîĉ÷ö×ĂÜÿĆÜÙöĕì÷ĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉê đóČęĂïøøúčëċÜðøąē÷ßîŤ 3 ðøąÖćø
(Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 1996, p.333) éĆÜîĊĚ 1) ðøąē÷ßîŤÿŠüîêî ñúðøąē÷ßîŤ
ÿŠüîêĆüìĊęêîđĂÜÝąĕéšøĆï đߊî öĊìøĆó÷ŤÿĉîÿöïĆêĉÝćÖÖćøðøąÖĂïĂćßĊóÖćøÜćîìĊęÿčÝøĉêđðŨîêšî 2) ðøąē÷ßîŤ×ĂÜ
ñĎšĂČęî ñúðøąē÷ßîŤìĊęđðŨîĕðđóČęĂÙîĂČęîĔîÿĆÜÙö đߊî Öćøñúĉê Öćø×ć÷ÿĉîÙšćĂčðēõÙ ïøĉēõÙìĊęöĊÙčèõćó öĊÙčèÙŠć
êŠĂÖćøéĞćđîĉîßĊüĉê đðŨîêšî 3) ðøąē÷ßîŤøŠüöÖĆîìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ ĕéšĒÖŠ ñúðøąē÷ßîŤìĊęđÖČĚĂÖĎúìĆĚÜÿĂÜòść÷ ÖúŠćüÙČĂ
ìĆĚÜêĆüñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćø ĒúąñĎšïøĉēõÙĔîÿĆÜÙöìĊęÝąĕéšøĆïðøąē÷ßîŤøŠüöÖĆî ÿĆÜÙöđÖĉéÙüćöđÝøĉâöĆęîÙÜ öĊÙüćöñćÿčÖ
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ðøąē÷ßîŤÿč×ìĊęóċÜĕéš ĂĆîđÖĉéÝćÖÖćøĂ÷ĎŠøŠüöÿĆöóĆîíŤÖĆîēé÷ĔßšðŦââćéšü÷đöêêćÖøčèć ĒúąóøšĂöÖĆîîĆĚîÖĘöčŠÜĔĀš
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ÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ đߊî ĀúĆÖÿĆÜÙĀüĆêëč 4 ðøąÖćø đðŨîĀúĆÖ÷ċéđĀîĊę÷üÝĉêĔÝ×ĂÜÖĆîĒúąÖĆîøąĀüŠćÜñĎšñúĉê ñĎšïøĉēõÙ ĀøČĂ
îć÷ÝšćÜÖĆïúĎÖÝšćÜàċęÜðøćÖãĔîĀúĆÖíøøöìĉý 6 ìĉýìĊę 5 đĀäåĉöìĉý ÙČĂ ìĉýđïČĚĂÜúŠćÜđðŨîÖćøđóĉęöÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĒúą
 สักทอง : วารสารมนุษยศาสตรและสังคมศาสตร (สทมส.)
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ปที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 1 มกราคม - มีนาคม 2562 ISSN 2408 - 0845 (Print) ISSN 2651 - 1487 (Online)

ýĊúíøøöĂĆîéĊøąĀüŠćÜîć÷ÝšćÜĒúąúĎÖÝšćÜĔîÖćøìĞćÜćî đðŨîÖćøđóĉęö×üĆâĒúąÖĞćúĆÜĔÝĔĀšúĎÖÝšćÜ øüöìĆĚÜĀúĆÖóøĀö

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