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Aluminum Selection Chart
Aluminum Selection Chart
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
CRACK SENSITIVITY The Probability of Hot Cracking - this rating is established through use
CRACKING
of crack sensitivity curves (Developed by Alcoa) and the consideration of filler metal and base
metal chemistry combinations. There are levels of various alloying elements within aluminum WELD METAL WELD METAL
Explanation of Relative Rating A, B, C, & D that have been identified as seriously affecting hot cracking susceptibility during weld solidifi-
cation. This rating is primarily based on the probability of producing a weld outside these crack
PROPERTIES PROPERTIES
Filler metal property ratings A, B, C and D
are relative values for welding base metals sensitive chemistry ranges.
indicated in a specific box. An “A” rating is STRENGTH DUCTILITY STRENGTH Ratings are for fillet weld and groove weld strength in the as welded condition.
the best fit for the weldment property and Groove welds – Any specified filler metal with a rating can provide minimum transverse tensile 319.0, 333.0 2319 B A A A A A A A B A A A A A A A B AA A A A A A 2319 319.0, 333.0
354.0, 355.0 4043/4943** B A A A A A C C C B C A A B C C C B C A A B C B BA A A A C B BA A A A C A A AA A A D B BA A A A C B B A A A A C B B A A A A C 4043/4943** 354.0, 355.0
“D” rating is the least fit. A “blank” rating strength in groove welds that will meet the as-welded strength of the base material. C355.0, 380.0 4145 A A B A A A D A B C B A A A D A B C B A A A D A AB A A A DA AB A A A D A AB A A A D A A B A A A D A AB A A A D A CB B A A A D 4145 C355.0, 380.0
Fillet welds – Ratings provided are for fillet weld shear strength. 413.0, 443.0 4043/4943** A A A A A A C B B A A A A B C B B A A A A B C A AA A A A DA AA A A A DA B AA A A D A BA A A A C A D B A A A C A DA A A A C C 4043/4943** 413.0, 443.0
indicates that the filler metal is not recom- 444.0, 356.0 4145 A A B B A D A A B A A A D A A B A A A D A AB B A D A C B B A D A CB B A B C D 4145
444.0, 356.0
mended for that specific weldment property A356.0, 357.0
A356.0
A357.0
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
C
A
B
A356.0
A357.0 A356.0, 357.0
DUCTILITY This characteristic of the completed weld may be of consideration if forming
application. All ratings listed are in the as 359.0 5356 B A B B A A A A A A B 5356 359.0
operations are to be used on a completed weldment during fabrication. 4043/4943** A DC A A D B BA A A C B BA A A C A DC A A D A DC B A DB DC B A D ADC B A D B DC BA D 4043/4943**
welded condition. For post weld heat Note: Testing procedure requirements for guided bend tests may need to be adjusted to 7005, 7021 4145 A AB A A D A AB A A D 4145 7005, 7021
treatment (PWHT) ratings, refer to the table accommodate the varying ductility of filler metals (AWS D1.2). 7039, 7046 5183
5356
B AB A A
B BA A A
B
A
B AB A
B BA A
A
A
B B A
A B B
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
A
A
A
A
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
B A AB A
A A BA A
A
A
B AA
A AB
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
A
AA
AB
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
A
AAB
AB A
A
A
A
A
B
A
A
A
A
B
B A A
A A A
C
C
B
A
5183
5356
7039, 7046
7146 7146
on the right. 710.0, 711.0
5554 C C A A A A B B C A A A A B B C A A A B B C A A A A B B CA A A A B B C A AA A C B 5554
710.0, 711.0
5556 B AB A A B B A B A A B B A B A A B A A B A A B A AB A A B AA B A A B AA B A A B AA B A A B A A B A A C B 5556
5654 C C A A B B B C A A A B BC A A A B BC A A A B BC A A A A B C A A A C B 5654
CORROSION
CORROSION RESISTANCE This variable may be a consideration for some environmental 4043** A D C A A C B BA A A C B BA A A C A D C A A C A D C A A C A D C A A D ADB A A B D 4043**
conditions. The rating is based on exposure to fresh and salt water environments and is not 4145 A C D B A DA AB A A D A AB A A D A C DB A DB C D B A D 4145 6061,6005
6061,6005 4943** A C C A A C A C C A A C A C C A A C A C C A A D AC B A A A D 4943** 6063,6070 Filler Metal Selection for Aluminum Welding
associated with a specific chemical exposure. It gives an indication as to the possibility of 6063,6070 5183 B A B A B B A B A B B A B A B B A B C B B A A B A A B B A B C A B B A B C A B BA A C A B 5183
6151,6201
Explanation of Ratings A, B, C, & D - galvanic corrosion due to the difference in the electrode potential between the base metal and 6151,6201 5356
5554
B B A A A B B A A A B B A A A B
C
B
C
A
A
C A
B A B
A
B
A
B
B
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
B
C
A
A
C
B
A
A
A
B
B
C
B
C
A
A
C A
A A A
D
B
BB
CC
A
A
C A A
B B A C B
5356
5554 6351,6951, This chart is a tool that is designed to help you select the most
Comparison Between Boxes Ratings have the filler metal. For consideration for other environmental and chemical exposures contact 6351,6951,6082 5556 B AB A B B A B A B B A B A B B A B C B B A A B A A B B A B C A B B A B C A B BA A C A B 5556 6082 appropriate filler metal, taking into consideration base metal, the
5654 C C A B A B C A A B B C C A B A B C C A B B B CC A B B B 5654
comparative meaning within a single box MAXAL. application, and the desired weld metal properties.
TEMPERATURE
5183 B A B A B B A B A A B B A B B A B A A BB A B A A B B A B A A B B A B A A B B A B 5183
only. For example, an “A” rating in one box ELEVATED TEMPERATURE SERVICE This rating is based on the reaction of some filler 5356 B B
B
A B A A B B A B A A B B A B A A A B AB A A A B A B A A A B A B A A A B A B A A 5356 5454 How to use the Chart
does not have any comparative value to an metals when exposed to sustained elevated temperature: 150°F to 350°F (66°C to 180°C). If 5454 5554 C C A A A A B C C A A A A B C C A A A A B C C AA A A B B C A A A B B C A A A B B C A A A A B 5554
5556 B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B A A BB A B A A B B A B A A B B A B A A B B A B 5556 1. Determine which of the weld metal properties are most important for your
“A” rating in another box. 5xxx series base metal or filler metal with more than 3% magnesium content are subjected to 5654 B C AB B B B C A A B B B C A B B B 5654 application. (Table located on far left)
prolonged exposure to these temperatures, precipitate can form within them that is highly 511.0, 512.0 5183 B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B A A BB B B A A B A A B A A B B B B 5183 511.0, 512.0 2. Locate the base metal to be welded in the blue left hand column and in the blue
513.0, 514.0 5356 B B A B A A B B A B A A B B A B A A A B A B A A A B A A A A A B A B A A 5356 513.0, 514.0
anodic to the aluminum-magnesium matrix. It is this continuous grain boundary network of 5554 C C A A A B C C A A A B C C A A A B C C A A B B B C A A A B B C A A B B 5554 row across the top of the chart.
535.0 5556 B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B B A B A A BB B B A A B A A B A A B B A B 5556 535.0 3. Locate the white box where the base metal row and column intersect.
precipitate that produces susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and the potential for 5154, 5254 5654 C C A A B B C C A A B B C C A A B B B C AA A B B C A A B B B C A A A B 5654 5154, 5254 4. Examine the data in the white box and select the row that provides the best match
premature component failure. 5183 A A B A A B A A B A A B A A B A A B A A BA A B A * B A A B 5183
5086, for your application based on the weld metal properties. (There may be more than
**Special Filler Metal Considerations 5086, 5356 A B A A A A A B A A A A A B A A A A A B AA A A A * A A A A 5356
5083, one filler metal that is acceptable.)
COLOR MATCH AFTER ANODIZING Base metal and filler metal color match after post-weld
COLOR
5183 C A B B B C A B C A B B A C C A B 5183
Alclad 3004 Alclad 3004
material. It will also provide greater strength not heat treatable. However, it may be used for applications requiring post weld heat treatment 5356
5554
C B B B A C B B C A A B B B C A
C C A B A A
A
B
5356
5554 1. As the welded component is operating at tempera-
in components that are subjected to post but with the understanding that the weld may or may not acquire substantial increase in 5556 C A B B B C B C A B B A C C A B 5556 ture above 150°F (66°C). Elevated TEMPERATURE is
strength dependent on the joint design, welding procedure, and resultant amount of dilution of 3003, 1100 B B A A A A A B A A AA A 1100 3003, the most important weld metal property.
weld heat treatment (solutionizing and/or Alclad 3003 4043/4943** A A B A A D B A AA A D BA A A A D AA B A A D 4043/4943**
Alclad 3003
base metal obtained during welding. A “C” rating requires consultation with MAXAL®. No 4145 A A C B A D A A BA A D AA B A A D AA C B A D 4145 2. Left hand column 5454 (fifth from top), and top row
precipitation hardening). rating indicates that the filler metal is not heat treatable and that it should not be used for 2319 B AAA A A A A AAA A A A A A 2319
4043/4943** B BA A A D B CBC A B D BC B C A B D 4043/4943** 2219 5454 (fifth from right). 5454
Filler Metal 4047 applications requiring post weld heat treatment as it may result in substantial reduction in weld
2219
CRACKING
STRENGTH
DUCTILITY
CORROSION
TEMPERATURE
COLOR
PWHT
TOUGHNESS
4145 A AB A A D A BCB A A D A BC B A A D 4145 3. See insert picture of intersecting row and column
4047 has a lower melting temperature, performance. 2014, 2036
2319
4043/4943** B BA A A
C AAA A A A A
D B CBC A B D
2319
4043/4943** 2014, 2036 *5XXX Series Strength Ratings (On Right).
slightly higher shear strength, higher fluidity TOUGHNESS This rating applies to the ability of an aluminum weldment to deform plastically
4145 A AB A A D A BCB A A D 4145
Base Metal Filler Metal Strength Rating 4. There is only one row that has a rating for elevated 5454
TOUGHNESS