MY FOUR

ORGANIC
MOLECULES
UREA
IUPAC: Urea
Molecular Formula: CH₄N₂O
No stereochemistry

Urea is primarily used to eliminate toxic ammonia from

the body through the urine of all animals.
Also known as Keratolytic, which is a reagent that
helps treat skin conditions such as eczema, corns,
callus, etc.
Urea is also widely used as fertilizer because it is a
source of nitrogen

TRINITROTELUENE
IUPAC: 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
Molecular Formula: C7H5N3O6
No stereochemistry

TNT is one of the more used military

explosives and has been ever since the
start of the 20th century.
TNT is very insensitive to shock and
friction.
TNT is used in military shells, bombs,
grenades, and fireworks.

DIGLYCERIDE
IUPAC: (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[3-[3-
[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-
yl]oxypropoxy]propoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol
Molecular Formula: C6H8O6
Yes, stereochemistry

A Diglyceride is an emulsifier, meaning that it helps

two substances like oil and water blend together
Because of this, they are used as food additives
The primary function of a diglyceride is to serve as a
fat storage molecule.

CASEIN
IUPAC: Phenylalanylglutaminyl-O-phosphonoseryl-α-glutamyl-α-
glutamylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminylthreonyl-α-glutamyl-α-
aspartyl-α-glutamylleucylglutaminyl-α-aspartyllysine
Molecular Formula: C81H125N22O39P
Yes, stereochemistry

Casein is used in prepared foods, medicine, and

cosmetics.
Significant uses of it are paper coatings, glues, paints,
plastics, and man-made fibers.
Casein is used as a supplement taken before bed
because it helps with muscle recovery while asleep

The Chemistry Connection

1. All of my Organic Molecules Contain Oxygen

2. Diglyceride and Casein are Both Emulsifiers

From polarity, we know that there would be hydrophilic and hydrophobic tails to both diglyceride and casein
Hydrophilic meaning that it's attracted to water, whilst hydrophobic is the opposite
When casein is digested by humans via milk, the cow milk and the water in the human body blend together because the
casein hides its hydrophobic tail and lets the hydrophilic tail essentially act as the bridge connecting the milk and the
water, thus acting as an emulsifier
This also happens between water and oil but with diglyceride being the emulsifier, or food additive

3. Both Urea and TNT are Explosive due to Composition

Urea and TNT both contain Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen molecules which are stable noble gases
After TNT detonates, it forms the covalent gasses of CO, CO2 and N2
The result of these low energy bonds means that a lot of energy is being released, causing it to explode on impact
Urea is not explosive on its own
When reacted with nitrate, Urea can be very volatile
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