GERUND AND INFINITIVE

I. GERUND - DANH ĐỘNG TỪ:

1. DÙNG NHƯ CHỦ NGỮ:
Khi sử dụng Gerund là động từ sẽ được chia giống như danh từ số ít dù có nhiều đối tượng.
E.g: Walking is a good form of exercise
Tuy nhiên, như trường hợp này, có nhiều hơn 1 danh động từ thì chia theo danh từ số nhiều:
E.g: Walking and swimming are both good forms of exercise.

2. DÙNG NHƯ TÂN NGỮ:

Some people like swimming to keep fit.

3. SAU GIỚI TỪ:

- Another method of learning English is to read lots of fiction books.
- I am interested in learning a new language.
- I’m worried about sitting for the IELTS test.

4. DANH SÁCH NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG ĐI TRƯỚC DANH ĐỘNG TỪ

– Appreciate: Cảm kích – Miss: Nhớ (hoặc lỡ)
E.g: I appreciate you taking the time out to see E.g: I miss seeing my family everyday.
me. – Postpone: Hoãn lại
– Avoid: Tránh E.g: We postponed marrying until we had the
E.g: You should avoid drinking sugary drinks. money.
– Consider: Cân nhắc – Practice: Luyện tập
E.g: The government considered banning fox E.g: He practiced hitting the ball against the
hunting. wall.
– Delay: Trì hoãn – Recommend: Khuyên
E.g: I delayed paying the fine for speeding. E.g: This book recommends studying for IELTS
– Deny: Phủ nhận everyday.
E.g: He denied committing the crime. – Risk: Liều
– Discuss: Thảo luận E.g: I wouldn’t risk taking IELTS before you are
E.g: We discussed sending the children to prepared.
another school. – Stop: Dừng lại
– Like / Dislike: Thích / Không thích E.g: If you stop worrying, you will perform
E.g: Most people dislike getting up early. better.
– Enjoy: Thích – Suggest: Đề nghị
E.g: I enjoy having a day off. E.g: She suggested studying in Australia.
– Finish: Kết thúc – Involve: Đòi hỏi
E.g: We always finish eating very late. E.g: My job involves moving around the country a
lot.

II. INFINITIVE – ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU:

1. DÙNG NHƯ TÂN NGỮ:
- I decided to study abroad, but my parents are refusing to pay.
- My brother was surprised to see me.

2. DÙNG NÓI VỀ YÊU CẦU, MỤC ĐÍCH:

– To improve my IELTS score, I joined a writing class in a college in my home town.
– I joined the exercise class to lose weight.

3. SỬ DỤNG VỚI CỤM TỪ BẮT ĐẦU VỚI IT – IT+BE+INFINITIVE

It is impossible to be perfect in a short time. (Adjective + Infinitive)

4. ĐI KÈM VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ TAKE (IT + TAKE + NOUN + INFINITIVE)

It took me five hours to reach the destination.

5. DANH SÁCH CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ MÀ THEO SAU LÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ

– Afford – Learn
E.g: I can’t afford to pay for IELTS lessons. E.g: I’ve learnt to take each day as it comes.
– Agree – Manage
E.g: He agreed to postpone his test. E.g: She managed to change her doctors
– Ask appointment.
E.g: He asked me to go with him. – Need
– Claim E.g: I need to get a band 7 to get into Australia.
E.g: She claimed to have the answer to the – Offer
question. E.g: I offered to drive her to the airport.
– Decide – Plan
E.g: My partner and I decided to move house E.g: I plan to emigrate to the UK this year.
next year. – Prepare
– Demand E.g: He’s prepared to risk everything by
– Expect investing in gold.
E.g: She expected to get a band 5 but she got – Promise
a 6. E.g: The army general promised not to stage a
– Fail coup.
E.g: Her son failed to win the race, but he – Refuse
came second. E.g: He is refusing to take the medicine.
– Forget – Want
E.g: I forgot to take the rubbish out last night. E.g: The teacher wanted the students to pass.
– Hope
E.g: I hope to leave by 7pm.
 STRUCTURE
- To apologise someone for something/V_ing: xin lỗi ai về việc gì
- To blame someone for something/V_ing: đổ lỗi cho ai về việc gì
- To explain to do something: giải thích về việc gì
- To invite someone: mời ai đó
- To offer to do something: đề nghị làm điều gì
- To promise to do something: hứa làm việc gì
- To recommend something/V_ing: khuyên
- To warn to do something: cảnh báo làm việc gì
- To suggest V_ing: đề nghị, yêu cầu làm gì
- To refuse to do something: từ chối làm gì
- To remind someone to do something: nhắc ai về việc gì
- To encourage someone to do something: khuyến khích ai làm gì
- To persuade someone to do something: thuyết phục ai làm gì
- To try to do something: cố gắng làm gì
# To try + V_ing: thử làm gì
- Sau enjoy / like / be interested in / hate / dislike / prefer / be into / be good at / love + V_ing
- Be worth V_ing something: đáng làm việc gì
- Be looking forward to V_ing: mong đợi việc gì đó
- It + to be + adj + to V: nó thì như thế nào khi làm việc gì
-> It is easy to do homework.
- It + takes/took + time + to do something: tốn bao lâu để làm gì đó
-> It takes me 12 hours to travel to America.