CHAPTER IV

EVALUATING MESSAGE
AND/OR IMAGES
A. Linguistic Landscape
_ The things that you can actually see that do not
necessarily need a words to express a thought.

_ These may come In the form of billboards, signage, street

names, traffic regulations, or graffiti. Advertisements, flyers
and written notices are part of our everyday life. Memes, troll
posts, and tweets are prevalent online. All of these are part of
the linguistic landscapes.
EXAMPLES:

BILLBOARDS
 EXAMPLES:

TRAFFIC REGULATIONS

STREET NAMES
EXAMPLES:

GRAFFITI

MEMES
EXAMPLES:

TWEETS
• OFFICIAL SIGNS ARE
PRODUCED WITH A TOP
DOWN DISCOURSE,
• BEN-RAFAEL, ET AL. (2006; IN MOONEY & EVANS, 2015) SUGGEST THAT THE SIGNS
ON. INDIVIDUAL SHOPS ARE BOTTOM UP AS THESE ALLOW FOR PERSONAL CHOICE IN
THEIR COMPOSITION AND DISPLAY. HOWEVER, WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE SHOP
ITSELF, THEY COULD BE REGARDED AS TOP DOWN. LEEMAN & MODAN (2009; IN
MOONEY & EVANS, 2015) ARGUE THAT THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN TOP DOWN A
BOTTOM UP SIGNAGE PRACTICES IS UNTENABLE IN AN ERA IN WHICH PUBLIC-
PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ARE THE MAIN VEHICLE OF URBAN REVITALIZATION
INITIATIVES IN URBAN CENTERS IN MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD, AND WHEN
GOVERNMENT POLICIES CONSTRAIN PRIVATE SECTOR SIGNAGE PRACTICES.
NEVERTHELESS, MOONEY & EVANS (2015) SAID, IF THE DISTINCTION IS THOUGHT OF
AS A CONTINUUM WHOSE ORIENTATION POINTS MAY SHIFT IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS,
IT IS HELPFUL IN UNDERSTANDING HOW SIGNS ARE CONSTRUCTED AND CONSUMED.
B.Geosemiotics
-Geosemiotics is the study of the social meaning of
thematerial placement of signs in the world. A
symbol is commonly substituted forsomething
else and is recognized as a means of
communication.

-Words are crucialsymbols, and their use only completes

communication when the communicator andthe receiver assign the
same meaning to the symbols used. Human beings not onlyconnect
with each other through symbols, but they also generate new
symbols,making them the most significant part of the
communication process. While signsare less important in the
creation of words than signals, they often carry moremeaning in
and of themselves
 - It serves as a language in many places that connectswith the people.
Geosemiotics is also concerned with how texts and discourses helpcreate
different social literacy practices. The goal of geosemiotics is to explore
thediverse interactions with and through language in social spaces. Eveywhere
we go,we can clearly see how important signs are, as it helps us create and
retain mentalpictures and lead us toward the right path, most Importantly, it
helps people understandanding the world
 C. KIND OF SIGNS

1.REGULATORY - IF IT INDICATES
AUTHORITY AND IS OFFICIAL OR LEGAL
PROHIBITION.

2.INFRASTRUTURAL- IF LANES THINGS

OR DIRECT FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF
A BUILDING OR ANY INFRASTRUCTURE.
 3.TRANSGRESSIVE - IF IT VILOATES INTENTIONALLY OR
ACCIDENTALLY THE CONVENTIONAL SEMIOTICS OR IS IN
WRONG PLACE,LIKE A GRAFFITI IN ENGLISH GRAFFITI IS
USED BOTH AS A SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUN: ITALIAN
THOUGH THE SINGULAR FORM IS GRAFFITO.

THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF GRAFFITO A TRANSGRESSIVE

SIGN,WE HAVE DEFINED A A TRANSGRESSIVE AS ONE
WHICH INTENTIONALLY OR ACCIDENTALLY VIOLATES
THE CONVENTIONAL SEMIOTICS AT THAT PLACE SUCH
AS DISCARDED SNACK FOOD ,WRAPPER,OR GRAFFITI
OR ANY SIGN IN WRONG PLACE( SCOLLON AND
SCOLLON 2003 IN MOONEY AND EVAN 2015)
 GRAFFITI ARE TRANSGRESSIVE
SIGN,GRAFFITI HAVE VARIED
MAENING.THE IDEA OF THE PEOPLE IS
TO HAVE A MEDIUM OF PUBLIC VOICE
IS TO SHOWN IN THE PRODUCTION OF
GRAFFITI.

(IN MOONEY AND EVAN,2015) KIND OF

TRANSGRESSIVE DISCOURSE CONVEY POWER
AND CONTROL TO THE PERSON OR GROUP
BEHIND THE PRODUCTION OF GRAFFITI.MOST OF
THESE GRAFFITI EXPRESS A NARRATIVE
OUTSIDE THE BOUNDARIES OF THE
CONVENTIONAL LANGUAGE. GRAFFITI IS WAY FOR DISEMPOWERED PEOPLE TO MAK
CARRINGTON (2009 IN MOONEY AND A VISIBLE MARK TO DISRUPT THE LANDSCAPE THAT IS
INCREASINGLY POWER AS ARGUED BY LINGUIST
EVAN,2015.DESCRIBES A GRAFFITI AS
,GRAFFITI CREATES A NARRATIVE AND IS A FORM OF
VERNACULAR WE CAN ALSO UNDERSTAND IT
PARTICULATORY CULTURE,WHO PEOPLE LIVE IN THE
IN RELATION TO THE BOTTOM UP SCHEME
SPACE PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF THEIR EXPERIENCES.
DESCRIBE ABOVE.
B.ONLINE LANDSCAPE

PEOPLE WHO GO ONLINE ARE CALLED NETIZENS AN ABSTRACTION OF THE

WORDS INTERNET. CITIZEN,NETIZEN ARE METAPHORICALLY CONSIDERED
AS THE CITIZENS OF THE VIRTUAL WORLD.

WE NOW LIVE IN A TIME ALMOST EVERY ONE HAS AT LEAST ONE SOCIAL
MEDIA ACCOUNT.WE COMMUNICATE NOW THROUGH THESE VIRTUAL SPACE IS
ALSO A LANGUAGE LANDSCAPE.A LANGUAGE SHOULD PROMT YOU TO SEE THE
SEMIOTICS OPTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL SPACES IN THIS
ENVIRONMENT.
 THREE OF THE MANY MEDIA IN THIS LANDSCAPE ARE THE FOLLOWING.
1.YOUTUBE - BE MINDFUL AS TO HOW THE WORD IS
SPELLED BECAUSE IT IS A PROPER NOUN.YOUTUBE
VIDEO PRODUCERS USE SYMBOL AND SIGNS
GENERALLY INCLUSIVE IN THE LANGUAGES USE TO
CONVEY THE MESSAGE THEY WANT TO EXPRESS, AND
ALSO DIFFICULT TO GENERALIZE THE WE YOUTUBE
WHETHER FOR RESEARCH ENTERTAINMENT ,OR
EXTENSIVE ADVERTISEMENT.

WHILE THERE IS CERTAIN SOME SIMILARITIES BETWEEN

TELEVISION. SOME MEDIAL RESEARCH BELIEVE THAT
TELEVISION TENDS TO BE HAVE
TELEVISION DIFFER FROM YOUTUBE ,TELEVISION TEND TO BE
HIERACH OF DISCOURSE WITH SOME
FILMED AND RECORDED FROM A STUDIO AND IS
CHANNEL AND PROGRAM BEING MORE
CENTERED,WHILE YOUTUBE VIDEO MAY RECORDED BY WHO
PRESTIGIOUS THAN OTHER.
HAVE RECORDING GADGETS AT HOME WHICH CAN BE
DECENTERED .
 2.TWITTER -VIRTUAL LANDSCAPE IS DESCRIBED BY MOONEY AND EVAN 2015) AS
UBIQUITOUS .THIS VIRTUAL LANDSCAPE LOOK LIKE DEPENDS ON THE TECHNOLOGY
AND ON THE CHOICES THE USER MAKES.EX DEPENDS ON WHO HE/SHE FOLLOWING
HASTAGS INTEREST AND SO ON .ONLINE PLATFORM THAT PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES
THROUGH ALWAYS WITH LIMITATIONS ,AND RESOURCES FOR MAKING CHOICES IN
HOW WE CREATE A PERSONALIZED LINGUISTIC AND SEMIOTICS LANDSCAPE.
GILLEN AND MERCHANT (2013 IN MOONEY AND EVAN 2015) REFER TO THESE CHOICE
IN TERMS OF CONSTRUCTING A POINT OF VIEW.
3.MEMES- ONE OF THE THINGS THAT THE
WORLD WIDE WEB MAKE POSSIBLE IN THE
QUICK CIRCULATION OF MEMES .MEME IS
TO PREVALENT IN SOCIAL MEDIA.

MEME IS A TERM GIVEN TO ANY POST

LANGUAGE OR PHOTO THAT HAS AN
UPTAKE TO A SOCIAL,MORAL OR
POLITICAL IDEA THAT MOST OF THE TIME
SEEMS FUNNY.

MEMES ARE CONTAGIOUS PATTERN OF

CULTURAL INFORMATION THAT GET
PASSED FROM MIND TO MINDSET AND
SIGNIFICANT FORM OF BEHAVIOR AND
ACTION OF A SOCIAL GROUP.
MEMES INCLUDE SUCH THINGS AS
POPULAR TUNES OF DOING ICONS,
JINGLES AND THE LIKE,SAID KNOWBEL
AND LANKSHEARS(2007 IN MOONEY
AND EVAN 2015)
 MEMES ARE STRIKING, EXAMPLE OF
EXTENDED BOTTOM UP ACTIVITY THAT
CHANGES THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE
( MOONEY AND EVAN 2015).

MEMES DO NOT ONLY BECOME VIRAL ,IT

ALSO EMBEDS A LASTING IMPRESSION TO
PEOPLE WHO CAN RELATE TO THE MEME.

PEOPLE WHO CREATE MEMES TEND TO
CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE PHOTO THAT WILL
BE USED.THE RELEVANCE OF THE MESSAGE IF
WANT TO CONVEY AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF
THE PHOTO, THE SYMBOLS USED THE MESSAGE
AND THE FRONT STYLE AND SIZE USED.
THE PROBLEM WITH THIS LANDSCAPE IS TO
MANY MEMES ARE CRINGEWORTHY FOR THEIR
BLUNDERED GRAMMAR AND ERRONEOUS
SPELLING AND PUNCTUATION.SOME ARE EVEN
CULTURALLY INSENSITIVE,GENDER/CLASS
INSENSITIVE AND OR POLITICALLY INCORRECT.