bOTKA vOLTERRA MODEL

’Lotka VolteNLa model paovidus us inyomaion about

Compefhon betcoeen tO specíes, ohch a9u Shaig
an idantical ec olsgical nfch
with ot Compettion, no tcoo species Can shaga an
Sdantical niche.
Thoa oa. R tao spectes shase an îdenticod niche
th must be a Competihion betcoeun tham.
I the comperition takun place betoesn 2 species,
hings can happen 3
0 One CoilL Coin and atkes Coïl be dfeated.
 Thsa oe. i teoo Species shasu an Tdenticod niche
thasi must be a competftion betcoeen them.
’I} the Comperition kakus place bekcoen 2 cpucies,
Ehfngs can happen
On coîll coîn and athx Coil be ayeated.
be
cuku
LeResauce patitionîng coiu taken place, cUhu
specfes uses a pasticular usaUKce , Csheean
| h specîe s Uses Qnoth 9U a c e a the Same
eco $yste'm. Hence, thy bath can live tethn.
Voice
Ex. o asauKCe izos
pastitonig i Suppose at the lizaxds, of
Malinl
 P

species Use s aneth

Specie s uses nothaN 00 OUCe the Same
eco syste'm. Hence. thy bath can ive toehn.
Ex. a esuCe posrfhfontsg i Suppose
au the lizods.
Aocated in a posticulau ecosystem eat însects.Darny
he cauw)e a Hm. competîtnon taken Dlace betcoeen
tham. Than, sÓmu izaxds 'iie on the faunt Loo
Chflu oth ive on the kop a kyus. Thfoe, th boEh
ham cofll ge thai oo cd }om dienuit
cotthin a same ecosy stem.
’Laka VatteUQ mo dal deals fth the ot cOndition.
IE can padick he autcomu a th Comp etihion betcsen
spedcieS.
 Suppose 2 species (sp. and Sp. 2) ae competing tos
an fdentc al nic.
NOC,Ehe inpact ala Sp. on Sp. 2 and Sp.2 on p.l
is knoton as competttion coelicient ,a and .

o) (p).
shen Sp. 2 îs kiing Sp.I, it îs Qyxiten an 0x q.
Sp I is kiuing Sp- t,it is Cten an .o,21 osß.
ushen Sp.
 v@)
Cshen Sp. 2 is kiling Sp.I, it i's Coten an , 0x q.
Sp- is kiling Sp. t, it is Citen an o, ox B.
CLohen 21

(se nud to calculate the Aowth ate a each species

papulahon. Becaune. igocth gate one. Speciès
is ate Qth species mDE be
lucs, duu ko the cometiion o the same tasauICe.

Cohan the is no Compethition, Sp. | is p9nent

ate a Sp. II Coîl be .
Dth Mate
al one, the A000th
paputation. Becaune, ? gocsth species
gxoc kate ay atha
is hih. the Ax00th specYes muDE be
athr spec+es
compei hon fo the same 9AsauIce.
luss, du kothe competikion
NOC, Ccohan thuu fs no CompeihionSpD is prent
alone ate o Sp. II Coîu be.
ANI K,-N
dt k,

chagge
N Exfshing numbee al &p.I in the
Ee ecosystem.
Caay ing Capacity»it., maximm number a<
p i 1nhe e CoSus tem
NOCO, Cohan thuu fs no CompetitionSp.) is pnent
alone ate o Sp. I coîç be
Juooth tate
Ki - NI
dt

ohed)= ae

N Exfshin9 numbee a Sp.1 in Ehe ecosyskem.

Reproducive capocity y Sp.l.
(FICa LLY ing capacity »i.e., maximL mnmbr
dp.1 hat can exis In th eCosystem.
’
Sinihady cshen thage is no competiion. Sp
alon the Aocth ate be

d Ne Ke- Ng
dt ( Ke

Cshs
t = tim
the ecogystem
N, =Exfshing nuabet a Sp. 2 in bha
capacty
Ky 3 Caig capacty, i.e., maxîmum number
Sp.2 Bhat can exist în the ecosystem.
’But , cohen bath species au pUDent, and thou is a
tco 0, the AOath ate
Ehuse tooo;
Competition betCoeLn' thuwe
 F Cayig capacty i.e, maxîmum number
Sp. 2 that can exist in the ecosystem.
But, wken bath species agi pSent, and thu is a
compeition betcoean' thse too0, the Axocath 9ate a<
oN jectes cofll be dpendant on atL species.
’ I n Ehat Cane, the gocth ate ao Sp. I coill be,
dNi
K-N,-dNg
k,

Becaupe , g0ath o Sp.I I Cofl be dapen de nt on t

Sp.I. Hence »od is ued kuu
k
eect 2 on

and t fs alo inpogtant to knoco hoco many sSp. &

Q9e esent in the same ecosystem. Moe nLmber
BecawNe, Wth
th Sp. il
Coi be upe
2) on Hence d is ue d Au,
and ft fs also impostant to knoco hoco many Sp.2
Q9u pesent in the sam eeo_ystem. Mou umber
Sp. 2 CofL have a mu impact on Spl. Thu o9u.
Sp.&
fn his omula, c0e au usfng aNg.
2 cofl be.
similaly h goth ate a Sp
 5 = d No
30 :ko
Suppose, a
10=k,
capocity
spa<Caouing species
Spl. capactty Caxuy =K,
CaneI 2
Speefes.
a
ath pgunence in
the species eat990th
caleulate
the ko
able au se Mula, o fsEh
From ’
 Cone I
specîes
aNo
2
K,=Cayg capac+y pl.
’ SuppoSe, K, =10
KÍ : 30
d 5

So = 30 15
:
K
No a Species I kila
Hence KB
kil <k So, Sp.2 oî oin ke.
 : 30

ro : 5

:30
So,

No a Species I 5
Hence K 2<3
kil K k So, (Sp. 2 oiu coin kse.
’ Becaune, cagseuing capaciy Sp. 2 is oe mo90,
Compoud to' Sp and killiy lect y sp.i o
is iss compuud to Sp. 2on Sp ().
Cane 2
Conpoud to sp.i and killigy lect q Sp!
IS 0sS compaud to kilig i t ay 'sp e on Sp.i (o).
ene 2
2
species
2
a< : 5
No So
30
Ki
speiies
 2ane 2
2 Supposek, : 30
species
2
al K : 5
KNo So,
5
30 15

a speie

Hence kea k, 2<3O

ki/a > Kg. So, Sp.I cofu coin u
huu. 15>|o
 Cane S
2
Species ’ Suppose, k,: 20
K K 20
: 5
Iteysect
a
No B: 5
So =4

Ki/e 4.
NO species i
Hence, KeleKK1 bath
Kyja K K,, So, Spl andSp.e coill oin.