______________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 5. NATURAL WONDERS OF VIET NAM

A. VOCABULARY
Part of
No. Word Pronunciation Meaning
speech
1 Amazing adj /ə'meɪzɪη/ Tuyệt vời
2 Backpack n /'bækpæk/ Ba lô
3 Boat n /bəʊt/ Con thuyền
4 Cave n /keɪv/ Hang động
5 Compass n /'kʌmpəs/ La bàn
6 Cuisine n /kwɪ'zi:n/ Ẩm thực
7 Desert n /'dezət/ Sa mạc
8 Diverse adj /daɪ’vɜ:s/ Phong phú
9 Essential adj /ɪ'senʃəl/ Cần thiết
10 Forest n /'fɒrɪst/ Rừng
11 Island n /'aɪlənd/ Hòn đảo
12 Join in v /dʒɪn ɪn/ Tham gia
13 Lake n /leɪk/ Hồ
14 Landscape n /'lænskeɪp/ Phong cảnh
15 Litter v, n /'lɪtər/ Xả rác, rác
16 Mountain n /'maʊntɪn/ Dãy núi
17 Natural wonder n /'nætʃrəl wʌndə/ Kỳ quan thiên nhiên
18 Plaster n /'pla:stər/ Băng gạc y tế
19 River n /'rɪvər/ Con sông
20 Show v, n /ʃəʊ/ Sự trình diễn
21 Sleeping bag n /’sli:pɪη bæg/ Túi ngủ
22 Suncream n /'sʌnkri:m/ Kem chống nắng
23 Torch n /tɔ:tʃ/ Đèn pin
24 Thrilling adj /'θrɪlɪη/ Hồi hộp
25 Travel agent n /'trævəl 'eɪdʒənt/ Công ty du lịch
26 Valley n /'vælɪ/ Thung lũng
27 Walking boots n /'wɔ:kɪη bu:ts/ Giày ủng đi bộ
28 Waterfall n /'wɔ:tərfɔ:l/ Thác nước
29 Windsurfing n /'wɪnd,sɜ:fɪη/ Lướt ván buồm
30 Wonder n /'wʌndər/ Kì quan
B. PRONUNCIATION
Phụ âm đơn vô thanh t (best), tt (butter), -ed (watched), th (Thailand)
/t/
Phụ âm đơn hữu thanh d (do), dd (ladder), -ed (played)
/d/
C. GRAMMAR
1. Countable and uncountable nouns (Danh từ đếm được và không đếm được)
Danh từ đếm được
- Countable noun (Danh từ đếm được) là những danh từ có thể dùng con số để đếm số lượng. Danh
từ đếm được có hai hình thức đó là số ít và số nhiều.
+ Danh từ số ít là từ chỉ 1 vật hoặc 1 người
Ví dụ: an apple, a student.
+ Danh từ số nhiều là danh từ chỉ 2 vật hoặc 2 người trở lên, bằng cách thêm đuôi “s/es” vào danh từ
số ít.
Ví dụ: an orange => oranges, a pen => pens
- Danh từ đếm được không đứng một mình mà thường đi đôi với mạo từ hoặc tính từ chỉ số đếm. Các
mạo từ “a”, “an” thường đứng trước các danh từ đếm được số ít. An đứng trước nguyên âm
(u, e, o, a, i)
Ví dụ: an apple (một trái táo), a doll (một con búp bê).
Các tính từ chỉ số đếm khác: one, two… many, few…

Ví dụ: one flower, many mosquitos, …

Ngoài các danh từ đếm được số ít và danh từ đếm được số nhiều theo quy tắc như trên:
- Một số danh từ số nhiều bất quy tắc bạn cần phải ghi nhớ để tránh việc sử dụng sai từ
man – men (đàn ông)
woman – women (phụ nữ)
tooth – teeth (răng)
child – children (trẻ con)
foot – feet (bàn chân)
mice – mouse (chuột)
leaf- leaves (lá)
- Một số danh từ ở dạng đặc biệt dù là số nhiều hay số ít đều giống nhau
Ví dụ: aircraft (máy bay), sheep (con cừu), deer (con nai), swine (con lợn), craft (tàu), trout (cá hồi
chấm), salmon (một loại cá hồi), carp (cá chép), fish (cá), headquarters (trụ sở chính), means (phương
tiện), species (loài),..

Danh từ đếm được thường đi đôi với many, some, any, few/a few, a lot of/ lots of .

Danh từ không đếm được

- Uncountable noun (Danh từ không đếm được) là những danh từ không thể tính số lượng bằng số
đếm, chỉ chất khí, nguyên vật liệu, thực phẩm.
Ví dụ: water, milk, honey, rice, metal, water, flour…
- Uncountable noun (Danh từ không đếm được) có một dạng duy nhất vì nó không thể phân ra là số
ít hay số nhiều.
- Uncountable noun (Danh từ không đếm được) có thể đứng một mình, hoặc đi kèm với “some, any,
much, little/a little, a lot of/ lots of”. Nó không thể đi cùng với “a” hay “an”.
*Some: (một số, một vài)
+ Được dùng với cả danh từ đếm được số nhiều và không đếm được.
Eg:- Danh từ đếm được: Some children enjoy sports.
- Không đếm được: I drank some orange juice this morning.
+ Chúng ta dùng "some" trong câu khẳng định.
- There are some cups in the kitchen.
- I need some milk in my coffee.
+ Chúng ta cũng dùng "some" trong lời mời, trong lời đề nghị.
Eg: - Would you like some soda?
- Do you want some water?
Eg: - May I have some salt, please?
- Can I have some apples?
*Any: (bất cứ)
+ Được dùng với danh từ đếm được số nhiều và không đếm được.
Eg: - Đếm được: I don't have any books.
- Không đếm được: She didn't give me any money.
+Chúng ta dùng "any" được dùng trong các câu phủ định và nghi vấn:
"any" khi muốn hỏi thứ gì đó có còn hay không.
Eg: • Do you have any coffee?
• Do you have any architecture magazines?
2) a) A lot of/ Lots of (nhiều)+ N (đếm được, số nhiều) + V (số nhiều)
Eg:
- A lot of apples are divided among children.
- Lots of my friends want to go to Ha Long Bay this summer.
b) A lot of/ Lots of (nhiều) + N (không đếm được, số ít) + V (số ít)
Eg:
- A lot of time is needed to learn a new language.
- Lots of effort is needed to organize an event for 1000 participants successfully.
C) A lot of/ Lots of + đại từ + V (chia theo đại từ)
- A lot of us don’t like eating fish.
- Lots of us think it’s sunny today.
3) How many/ How much.
3.a How many dùng cho câu hỏi về danh từ đếm được, số nhiều.
How many + Plural noun (danh từ số nhiều)+ are there? (Có bao nhiêu..-noun-..?)
Hoặc: – How many + Plural noun (danh từ số nhiều) + do/does + S + have ?
+ How many people are there in your family?
+ How many students are there in your class?
3.b. How much dùng cho câu hỏi về danh từ ở dạng số ít/ không đếm được.
How much +Uncount noun (danh từ không đếm được) + is there? (Có bao nhiêu..-noun?)
Hoặc: – How much + Uncount noun (danh từ không đếm được) + do/does + S + have ?
How much juice is left?
How much water do you drink every day?
* How much còn được dùng khi hỏi về giá của đối tượng.
- How much does the book cost? (quyển sách giá bao nhiêu?)

2. Modal verbs: Must/ Mustn’t

2.1. Form (cấu trúc)
Câu khẳng định S + must + V She must go home now.
Câu phủ định S + mustn’t + V We mustn't walk on grass.
Câu hỏi Must + S + V? Must I go there?
(+) Yes, S + must. (+) Yes, you must.
(-) No, S + mustn't. (-) No, you mustn't.
2.2. Use (Các sử dụng)
Must Diễn tả sự cần thiết, bắt buộc, bổn phận,
I must study for the test tomorrow.
trách nhiệm phải làm
Đưa ra lời khuyên, lời đề nghị You must slow down.
Đưa ra một suy luận chắc chắn She must be hungry.
Mustn’t Cấm không được làm gì You mustn't cheat.
D. PRACTICE
PART I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. pushed B. steamed C. watched D. missed
2. A. killed B. hurried C. planned D. helped
3. A. thumb B. Thailand C. thin D. thesis
4. A. ready B. lady C. handsome D. deep
5. A. wanted B. needed C. loved D. decided
Exercise 2. Find the word which has different stress from the others.
1. A. backpack B. backyard C. cuisine D. because
2. A. essential B. painkiller C. familiar D. fantastic
3. A. manager B. family C. museum D. musical
4. A. interest B. natural C. horrible D. prohibit
5. A. explain B. mountain C. handbag D. plaster
PART 2. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
cave boat island forest rock
compass torch desert scissors backpack

1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. _________ 5. ___________

6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. __________ 10. ___________
_
Exercise 2. Circle the odd one out.
1. A. amazing B. backpack C. compass D. ruler
2. A. boat B. swim C. plane D. bus
3. A. cave B. desert C. forest D. dry
4. A. diverse B. essential C. thrilling D. wonder
5. A. windsurfing B. waterfall C. valley D. preset
6. A. torch B. walking boots C. plaster D. famous
7. A. rise B. Maths C. teacher D. English
8. A. forest B. desert C. see D. sea
9. A. tomato B. eat C. potato D. carrot
10. A. volleyball B. aerobics C. romantic D. basketball
Exercise 3. Reorder the letters to make correct words, then match them with their meanings.
A B
1. E-C-S-N-R-M-U-A A. a bag that you carry on your back, made of strong material and often
🡪 used by people who go climbing or walking
2. E-D-S-T-R-E B. a vehicle (smaller than a ship) that travels on water, moved by oars,
🡪 sails or a motor
3. O-B-T-A C. an instrument for finding direction, with a needle that always points to
🡪 the north
4. A-K-B-C-P-C-K-A D. a large area of land that has very little water and very few plants
🡪 growing on it
5. O-S-S-R-S-S-C-I E. a large area of land that is thickly covered with trees
🡪
6. L-N-T-R-I-L-I-G-H F. a very high hill, often with rocks near the top
🡪
7. O-T-H-R-C G. a tool for cutting paper or cloth that has two sharp blades with handles,
🡪 joined together in the middle
8. E-F-R-T-O-S H. cream that you put on your skin to protect it from the harmful effects of
🡪 the Sun
9. A-M-N-T-I-N-U-O I. exciting and a lot of fun
🡪
10. A-P-C-O-S-M-S J. a small electric lamp that you can hold in your hand and carry with you
🡪
II. GRAMMAR
Exercise I. Write c next to countable nouns and u next to uncountable nouns.
1. apple 6. meat 11. melon 16. bread
2. milk 7. orange 12. honey 17. child
3. juice 8. girl 13. burger 18. air
4. potato 9. butter 14. cream 19. salt
5. tea 10. rice 15. sandwich 20. fan
Exercise 2. Deckle whether these underlined nouns are countable (C) or uncountable (U).
1. Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
2. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
3. John bought three bottles of mineral water for his picnic.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
4. I’d like some juice please!
□ Countable □ Uncountable
5. Successful candidates will join the party later this year.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
6. A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
7. The Maths exercises on this website are interesting.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
8. Dehydrated babies must drink a lot of water.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
9. Adult illiterates learn through a special government program.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
10. David met some nice people when he was walking along the beach.
□ Countable □ Uncountable
Exercise 3. Circle the correct answers.
1. History (homework / homeworks) makes me nervous.
2. Your advice (is / are) very helpful.
3. This (new / news) is causing a lot of paniC.
4. Your (hair / hairs) is so shiny.
5. This company (have I has) six branches all over Europe.
6. Flu (make I makes) you feel miserable.
7. Mathematics (is I are) my favourite subject.
8. Melt the (butter Ị butters) in a small pan, add the flour and stir well.
9. More detailed (information / informations) is not yet available.
10. The dish is served with (rice / rices).
Exercise 4. Fill in the blanks with “How much'” or “Flow many".
How much - we use with uncountable nouns
How many - we use with countable nouns
1. __________ cheese does Daniel buy?
2. __________ books are there in Jane’s bag?
3. __________ films did Tommy see last week?
4. __________ money do you and your family spend every week?
5. __________ friends does Tony have?
6. __________ sugar do they need?
7. __________ tomatoes are there in the fridge?
8. __________ meat are you going to buy?
9. __________ milk did your classmates drink yesterday?
10. __________ apples do you see?
Exercise 5. True or False? Tick the correct box.
Sentences True False
1. You must close the door before going out.
2. You mustn’t do your homework.
3. You mustn’t obey your parents.
4. You must go to school on time.
5. You must walk on the grass.
6. You mustn’t shout at me.
7. You must brush your teeth before going to bed.
8. You mustn’t eat fruit and vegetables.
9. You must stay up late.
10. You mustn’t use your phone during the film.
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences with “must” or “mustn’t”.
1. You _________ help your mother with the heavy box.
2. It’s very cold. You _________ go out.
3. You _________ look after the house when your parents are away.
4. You _________ wash your face in the morning.
5. You _________ take your umbrella because it’s raining.
6. You _________ drink that milk, it’s very hot.
7. You _________ make noise in the class.
8. It’s dangerous. You _________ touch that wire.
9. You _________ be rude to your teacher.
10. In the class, you _________ study hard.
Exercise 7. Circle the best answers.
1. We (must / musts) learn English.
2. The dogs (mustn’t / don’t must) bark at night.
3. You and your friends (must / must to) do more exercise.
4. Mr. Henry hasn't got much time. He (must I doesn’t must) hurry.
5. That car is very important. You must (look / looking) after it very carefully.
6. The event (must/ is must) have been wonderful yesterday.
7. Tommy (mustn’t I not must) park here.
8. Anna mustn’t (go I goes) on the left of the streets.
9. My baby is asleep. You (haven’t / mustn’t) shout.
10. She told me everything. So, I mustn’t (tell I telling) anybody else.
Exercise 8. Rewrite the following sentences and add the available modal verbs to the
appropriate position.
1. You use this machine after 5.30 p.m. (mustn’t)
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. You clean this machine every time you use it. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. You drive without a license, (mustn’t)
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. I pass the exam. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. You visit the city museum. It is very interesting. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. Antonio gets up at 6 a.m. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. You tell anyone. It’s a secret. (mustn’t)
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. John goes to bed at 10 o’clock. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
9. You smoke in this classroom. (mustn’t)
_____________________________________________________________________________
10. You give the waiter a tip. (must)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 9. Choose the best answers.
1. There isn’t __________ rice in the bowl.
A. many B. any C. some D. a
2. I don’t work so hard __________ my father.
A. so B. as C. than D. more
3. Sam is the __________ student in my class.
A. tall B. most tall C. taller D. tallest
4. No one in my class is __________ beautiful __________ her.
A. as/as B. more/as C. as/than D. the/more
5. Going by train isn’t __________ convenient as going by car.
A. so B. as C. more D. A & B are correct.
6. The test is not __________ difficult __________ it was last month.
A. as / as B. so / as C. more / as D. A & B are correct.
7. Peter usually drives __________ Mary.
A. more fast B. fast than C. faster than D. B & C are correct.
8. She cooked __________ than you.
A. well B. more good C. better D. more well
9. This film is __________ interesting than that film.
A. most B. less C. as D. so
10. My salary is __________ his salary.
A. high B. more high C. higher than D. more higher than
11. Daisy has got __________ new car.
A. an B. some C. a D. any
12. Kim and Tom __________ hard to get good marks.
A. must study B. must studying C. mustn’t study D. mustn’t studies
13. We don’t need any __________ for this recipe.
A. butters B. butter C. butteres D. butteries
14. Helen wants to eat __________ apples.
A. any B. much C. some D. an
15. Anna always puts __________ cheese on her pasta.
A. a little B. a few C. a D. many
16. When you travel on public transport, you __________.
A. must smoke B. mustn’t smoke
C. must smokes D. mustn’t smokes
17. Jack and Tom need only __________ onion.
A. a B. some C. any D. an
18. The kids are very happy because they don’t have __________ homework to do every day.
A. much B. many C. a few D. a
19. Cut a __________ and put it in a saucepan.
A. potatoes B. potatos C. potatoies D. potato
20. There are __________ people in the park.
A. a little B. much C. a few D. a
Exercise 10. Find and correct the mistakes.
1. Do you hate mouses?
2. In the UK, you must says ‘please’ when asking for something.
3. How many pineapple are there in the basket?
4. In Switzerland, guests musts arrive on time.
5. Put some oils in the car.
6. You must using a knife and a fork.
7. The leaves floated on the waters.
8. You not must put your elbows on the table.
9. I mustn’t get up early tomorrow. There are a lot of things I want to do.
10. You don’t must eat noisily.
III. READING
Exercise 1. Choose the word (A, B, c, or D) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
James: Excuse (1) __________, I’m your new (2) __________ Jack. I just moved in.
Mrs. Jones: Oh. Yes?
James: I’m looking for a grocery store. Are there (3) __________ around here?
Mrs. Jones: Yes, there are some (4) __________ Pine Street.
James: OK. And is there a laundromat near here?
Mrs. Jones: Well, I think there’s one across from the shopping center.
James: (5) __________.
1. A. I B. me C. my D. myself
2. A. neighbor B. neighborhood C. nextdoor D. newcomer
3. A. any B. anywhere C. some D. somewhere
4. A. of B. at C. on D. beside
5. A. You’re welcome B. Thank you
C. Excuse me D. Never mind
Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words in the box.
climb popular mountains months because
There are four most (1) __________ sections of the Great Wall: Mutianyu, Badaling,
Simatai, and Juyongguan. I visited the Mutianyu section of the Great Wall in the last two (2)
__________ during my visit to China.
I thought we should (3) __________ up the Wall, you know, using only one rope, but
actually, there is a cable car ride that you can take to get up on the Wall.
 I had so much fun riding the cable car (4) __________ the view from up there is so great! You
can look at the view of the Wall, the (5) __________, and the villages of Mutianyu below. The view
on the way up is breathtaking.
Exercise 3. Read the following passage and choose the item (A, B, C, or D) that best answers each
of the questions about it.
My neighborhood is very convenient - it’s near the shopping center and the bus station. It is also safe.
But those are the only good things about living downtown. It is very noisy - the streets are always full
of people! The traffic is terrible, and parking is a big problem! I can never park on my own street. I’d
like to live in the suburbs.
1. What does the word “convenient’ in line 1 mean __________?
A. close to something B. beautiful
C. far from other places D. noisy
2. What does the word ‘it’ in line 2 refer to __________?
A. the author’s neighborhood B. shopping center
C. bus station D. downtown
3. It’s easy to __________
A. find a place to park B. live in the suburbs
C. move to another place D. go to the bus station
4. The author __________.
A. likes to live in the suburbs
B. thinks that his/ her neighborhood is too quiet
C. thinks that living in the suburbs is very convenient
D. feels that his/her neighborhood is not safe
5. Which of the following is true?
A. The author’s neighborhood is inconvenient.
B. The author doesn’t want to move anywhere.
C. It’s too difficult for the author to find a place to park his/her car.
D. Living downtown is better than living in the suburbs.
VI. WRITING
Exercise 1. Reorder the words to make correct sentences.
1. secret. / You / it / keep / mustn’t/ &/must / anyone. / You/ tell
________________________________________________________________________________
2. than / His / neighborhood / my / more / much / neighborhood. / is / polluted
________________________________________________________________________________
3. You / too / about / worry / much / mustn’t / this.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. into / go / garden. / You / mustn’t / the
________________________________________________________________________________
5. less / to / than / is / convenient / live / in / the / the / It / city / in / center. / suburbs
________________________________________________________________________________
6. He / must / to / go / earlier. / bed
________________________________________________________________________________
7. each / visit / come / to / tourists / Many / year. / pyramid / the
________________________________________________________________________________
8. driver. / talk / mustn’t / Passengers / to / the
________________________________________________________________________________
9. must / study / harder. / You
________________________________________________________________________________
10. Tom? / neighborhood / and / peaceful / nice, / Is / your
________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Rewrite these following sentences using “must/ mustn’t”
1. Don’t park your car on bends. It is illegal.
🡪 You
2. I want you to tidy the classroom.
🡪 You
3. I need your help. It’s too much work for me.
🡪 You
4. Promise that you’ll never ever do it again!
🡪 You
5. It is important for me to pass the exam.
🡪 You
6. It is against the law to drive without a seat belt.
🡪 You
7. It’s important not to blow your nose in public in Japan.
🡪 You
8. In the UK, it’s important not to talk with your mouth full.
🡪 In the UK, you
9. In some Muslim countries, it’s important not to eat with your left hand.
🡪 In some Muslim countries,
10. In lots of countries, it’s important that you eat everything on your plate.
🡪 In lots of countries, you