题干 选项A

If you see discoloration, replace the

如果你看到染色，拆卸部件。
part.
If you find a crack, do the applicable
如果你发现了凹坑，做适用的维护程序。
repair procedure.
Remove the tag. 拆下标签。
The load is applied axially. 径向施加载荷。
Disconnect the cable from the rear
从仪器的前部断开钢索。
side of the instrument.
These parts can easily bend, break or 这些部件很容易弯曲、断裂或不正确地对齐
become incorrectly aligned. 。
The navigation lights change from dim
航行灯从熄灭变为明亮。
to bright.
In this configuration, the hydraulic
在这种结构中，液压流过这个活门。
pressure bypasses the valve.
Move the lever rearward. 向前旋转手柄。
If the radio signal is not clear, adjust
如果无线电信号不清晰，调整频率。
the frequency.
Corrosion can have many causes. 防腐可能有很多原因。
The user of the schematic diagram is
原理图的使用者是飞行员。
the pilot.
Deactivation/Reactivation procedures
for circuits, systems, units, etc., shall 应包括电路、系统、装置等的限动/解除限动
程序。
be included.
Documents must be readily revisable. 文件必须经常修订。
Install the manifold. 组装总管。
The control unit is installed aft of the
该控制组件安装在机身尾部。
cockpit.
Examine the seal for defects. 检查密封件是否有缺陷。
Hold the cylinder tightly. 紧握住缸体。
Make sure that the latch is fully
确保标签完全贴平。
engaged.
Install the valve and the correct
安装活门和正确的垫圈。
gasket.
Database synchronization is in
数据库更新正在等待中。
progress.
Do not loosen the nut to align it. 不要拧紧螺母去压紧它。
Bleed the system before you
拆除部件之前，给系统充气。
disconnect the components.
Remove the sealant with a blunt
用钝刮刀去除密封胶。
scraper.
The computer controls compressor
该计算机控制风扇气流以防止喘振。
airflows to prevent stall.
You can stop the starting sequence at
在任何时候，你都可以调整启动顺序。
any time.
Remove and discard the cotter pins
拆除并丢弃开口销和螺栓。
and the nuts.
Do an inspection of the adjacent area. 对邻近区域做检查。
This figure shows the structure of the
该数字表明了系统的规模。
system.
We recommended that you do not do
我们建议你不要在机库里执行此步骤。
this procedure in the hangar.
Use the manual control in an
任何情况都可以使用手动控制。
emergency.
Make a careful estimate of the
仔细评估损伤区域。
damaged area.
The precision of this adjustment is
这种调整的精度很重要。
important.
If the values are different, do this test. 如果结果不同，请执行此测试。
Remove the valve located adjacent to
拆下活门旁边的泵。
pump.
Loosen the nut one full turn. 把螺帽拧松一圈。
This shows that you can install an
这表明您可以安装一个替代的继电器。
alternative relay.
Do not disassemble or repair igniter
不要组装或修理点火嘴。
plugs.
The flow of fluid through the valve
通过活门的流体必须是可见的。
must be continuous.
You can gain access to the machinery
可以通过拆下保护盖来接近机械装置。
by removing the cover.
Attach the panel to the structure with
用螺母将面板固定在支架上。
the bolts.
If the circuit breaker opens, de-
如果跳开关拔出，则断开电路。
energize the circuit.
Do not exceed this speed with landing
起落架收上时，不要超过此速度。
gear extended.
All personnel must fully know the
所有人员必须充分了解安全预防措施。
safety precautions.
Polish the window pane with a soft
用一块棉布把窗玻璃擦亮。
cloth.
To remove the cover assembly (9), 要先安装螺钉（10），才能安装盖组件（9）
first remove the four screws (10). 。
Make sure that there are no leaks. 一定不要有漏洞。
Cracks can have a maximum length of
刮痕的最大长度为5英寸。
five inches.
Set the rotary switch to INPUT. 将旋转开关设置为输入。
CAUTION: WHEN YOU REMOVE
THE PROBES, DO NOT LET THEM 注意：当您取出探头时，不要让它们相互接
触。
TOUCH EACH OTHER.
Connect the disconnected wires. 连接可以连接的导线。
Install the seat before you install the
在安装座椅之前先安装坐垫。
cushion.
The dimensions are given in the table. 表中给出了尺寸。
Make sure that the landing-light cutoff-
确保着陆时切断灯的开关电源连接。
switch power connection is safe.
Examine the removed parts for
检查并拆下损坏的零件。
damage.
The color of the indicator changes to
探头的颜色变为绿色。
green.
One generator can supply power for
一台发动机可以为所有系统供电。
all the systems.
Adhere to the safety instructions. 粘贴安全指示。
Lift the cylinder above its installed
从安装位置向上提起气瓶。
position.
Fuel goes through the atomizers into
燃油在燃烧室内燃烧。
the combustion chamber.
Attach the cable to the structure with
用电线把电缆接连到结构上。
wire.
Prevent movement of the components
防止部件移动以便能修理装置。
when you repair the unit.
Write noun clusters of no more than
书写名词词组不能超过三个单词。
three words.
Use the specified tool to seal the
使用通用工具密封端口。
opening.
Vertical lists make long complex 长的复合句可以通过垂直列表简化以便理解
sentences much easier to understand. 。
It is mandatory to do this procedure in
此程序可以在此服务通告中执行。
this service bulletin.
Remove the four screws that attach
拆下法兰上的四个螺钉。
the flange to the cover.
If the probes touch each other, they
如果探头互相碰触，它们就会失去磁性。
can become demagnetized.
Future reference to the unit may be by
将来提到此组件可以用缩写。
abbreviation.
Those instructions are necessary to
那些说明可以作为定期维修所必需的参考。
carry out the scheduled servicing.
Vertical pages rather than horizontal
are preferred for all types of 竖版页面比横版页面更适合所有类型的出版
物。
publication.
This specification will meet the
applicable government regulatory 本规范将满足适用的政府监管要求。
requirements.
Torque the bolts to the force between 磅紧螺栓，使扭矩达到0.56至0.60m.daN之间
0.56 and 0.60 m.daN. 。
Turn the clamps to free the pipes. 转动凸轮以松开管路。
Supply hydraulic power to system B
给装有泵的系统B提供液压。
with the pump.
Operate the elevator in the full travel 6
来回操作升降舵6次。
times.
Make sure that all the galley
确保行李箱已空。
compartments are empty.
More than one person is necessary for
本程序中要求不止一个人。
this procedure.
Put the aircraft back to its initial
将飞机放回到通常停放位。
configuration.
Be careful when you use consumable
使用耗材时要小心。
materials.
Clean the area from unwanted
使用多余的清洁剂清洁该区域。
sealant.
Do not point the compressed air outlet
不要将压缩空气出口对着你的皮肤。
at your skin.
Use gloves when you touch parts with
处理边缘锋利的零件时要戴手套。
edge serrations.
The indicator shows the level of
该指示器显示水箱的流量。
hydraulic fluid in the reservoir.
Turn the knob to make the display go
转动凸轮以使显示器松脱。
out of view.
Do an inspection of the damage and
对损伤及邻近区域进行检查。
of the adjacent area.
Drain approximately 2 liters of fuel
从油箱排出约2升滑油。
from the tank.
Do not do this procedure in the
不要在机库里进行这项程序。
hangar.
Calculate the pressure with the
用可用的方式计算压力。
applicable formula.
Make sure that there is no dust on the
确保表面没有铁锈。
surface.
Identify the wires with sleeves of
用不同颜色的衬套来识别线路。
different colors.
Move the rod in the opposite direction. 向反方向移动杆。
Make sure that the tension in the
确保钢索的张力是合适的。
cables is correct.
This procedure is applicable only in
这个程序只能用在自动模式下。
digital mode.
Explain how to avoid and notice fuel
解释如何避免和注意燃油消耗。
contamination.
Maintenance information needs to be
维护信息需要连续追踪。
continuously updated.
Other information may be displayed
其他信息可能会显示在封面上。
on the cover.
Access and location instructions are
接近和位置的说明会在这里给出不少信息。
provided here unless obvious.
Operate the unit for two cycles to 操作部件两个循环，从管道排除空气，拆下
remove air from the lines. 组件。
Move the tensiometer along the cable. 侧向移动张力表。
Use the manual procedure if it is not 如果无法使用自动控制，请使用人工控制程
possible to use the automatic control. 序。

Replace nuts and washers if removed 检修时更换的螺母和垫圈不要丢弃，应该进

during inspection. Do not reuse. 行检查。

The airplane has been maintained in

accordance with manufacturer 飞机已按照制造商要求或同等标准进行检查
。
recommendations or equivalent.
Servicing include information for
servicing the aircraft with proper fuel 勤务包括为飞机提供适当的燃油和滑油的信
息。
and oil.
If either of these devices is installed
explain whether it is required 如果安装了某一个设备，那么要说明安装它
的重要性。
equipment.
This subsystem/section breakdown is
这个子系统/节有故障，航空公司不能使用。
reserved for airline use.
Cooling system and its controls supply
冷却系统可以在客舱控制以提供冷却空气。
cooled air to the cabin.
In most operations there are key items 大多数操作都有对该项工作很重要的关键事
that are significant to the job. 项。
This Specification was developed with
制定本规范的目的是为了降低成本。
the objective of minimizing the cost.
Start each section on a right-hand
从右侧页面开始记录每个部分。
page.
In the alternative, the acronym CAP
可选择CAP以外的另外一种方式进行缩写。
may be used.
2 hours are necessary to do the
这个手册需要花费两个小时读完。
procedure.
Stop the test after 2 seconds. 停止测试2秒钟
Add solvent to make the paint more
加入溶剂使油漆变得更稀薄。
liquid.
Put the end of rod that has a thread in
将螺纹杆放入接头中
the fitting.
The Specification contains little new
该规范包括一些新材料或新方法。
material or novel approaches.
Record of Revisions is optional if 如果其他地方提供了信息，则改版记录是可
information is provided elsewhere. 选的。
Prepare the airplane for prolonged
为飞机延长停场周期做准备。
out-of-service care.
Table of Contents pages must be 放目录页的桌子必须标识日期但是无需编号
dated but need not be numbered. 。
Units of measurements shown in
手册中所示的度量单位必须准确。
manual must be consistent.
The Preface contains the following
前段包括以下信息。
information.
A list of Page Effectivity should be
前面的每本手册都应该提供有效页清单。
provided in the front of each Manual.
Isolate the section that is causing the
识别引起故障的部分。
trouble.
Inspection times will be adjusted for
检查时间将根据一些问题进行调整。
any severe problems.
A review of test results applicable to
审查适用于该设计的测试结果。
the design was made.
Make sure that you remove all tools
确保你移除了所有的工具和设备。
and equipment.
To get the correct clearance, add 为了获得正确的间隙，需要增加特殊的垫片
special shims, as necessary. 。
Do not use these cleaning agents on
不要在热的表面上使用这些清洁剂。
hot surfaces.
It is permitted to use alternate
禁止使用替代器材。
materials.
The minimum time between checks is
两次检查后最少等待两分钟。
two minutes.
Do not loosen the nut to align it. 不要拧松螺母使其对准。
Adjust the clinometer until the bubble
调整倾斜仪，直到气泡在中心。
is in the center.
The fueling hose must not hit the edge
加油软管一定不能超过油箱的边缘。
of the tank.
Write the results of the calibration on
把调查结果写在改进表上。
the correction chart.
You can operate the vehicle after the 你可以在检查完成后操作车辆。
inspection is completed.
Metal objects can cause magnetic
金属材料会导致磁反应。
interference.
Tell all personnel not to smoke near
禁止在油箱周围吸烟。
the fuel tanks.
Some functions are not available. 有些功能不存在。
If the fuel sample shows free water,
如果燃油设备显示有游离水，请排空系统。
drain the system.
The correctness of this adjustment is
这种调整的正确性很重要。
important.
Do not change the routing of the pipe. 不要改变路线的管道。
Gives the safety instructions that are
给出适用于危险物品的安全说明。
applicable to explosive items.
Get a sample of the fuel and measure
取一个燃油样品并测量其比重。
its specific gravity.
Make sure that the platform is safe
在你升起平台之前，确保它是安全
before you lift it.
You can see the cable through the
你可以透过检查孔看到导线。
inspection hole.
Increase the pressure slowly (not
缓慢增加压力（每分钟不少于过一圈）。
more than one turn each minute)
Disassemble this unit into two parts. 将这个单元拆分为两部分。
Tighten the bolts in the sequence that
按图3所示方法拧紧螺栓。
is given in figure 3.
Open the left (right) access panel L42
打开左（右）系统面板L42（R42）。
(R42).
To extinguish a possible fire, portable
fire extinguishers are installed in these 为了扑灭可避免的火灾，在这些区域安装了
瓶装灭火器。
areas.
Release the SHORT-CIRCUIT TEST
松开断路测试开关。
switch.
Only apply very light pressure to the
只对表面申请很轻的压力。
surface.
Principal dimensions shall be shown
特殊尺寸应显示在图形中。
upon the drawing.
Find the source of the fuel leakage. 找出液压油渗漏的源头。
Compare the two indications. 对比两个指示。
Make sure that the cabin pressure
确保座舱温度保持恒定。
stays constant.
Deflate the tire. 给轮胎放气。
Replace the defective pump. 维修破损的泵。
Make sure that the pipe is not
确保管道没有被堵塞。
clogged.
Find the damaged areas. 找到振动区域。
Apply sealant on the outer surface. 在外表面上涂抹密封胶。
Slowly turn the vane. 慢慢地拧动活门。
Operate the engine at 100% thrust. 以100％的推力运行发动机。
Make sure that the tension in the
确保电缆的张力是正确的。
cables is correct.
There are three jacking points on the
机身上有三个顶升点。
fuselage.
Make sure that the nuts are tight. 确保螺钉稳固。
Measure the volume of the oil
仔细测量滑油的容积。
carefully.
Do an inspection for damage caused
检查并修理腐蚀损伤。
by corrosion.
If you find a crack, do the applicable
如果你发现了划痕，执行相关工作程序。
repair procedure.
Remove the tag after troubleshooting. 拆下故障部位后部的标签。
Install the cable from the rear side of
从计算机的前部断开钢索。
the computer.
Do not use acids without breathing
溶剂不可以用来保护呼吸装置。
protection.
Remove the safety tag and close this
安全地取下标签并闭合这个跳开关。
circuit breaker.
Put the airplane back to its usual
把飞机推回到原来的位置。
condition.
If the radio signal is not clear, readjust
如果无线电信号不清晰，重新调整频率。
the frequency.
Corrosion can have a lot of causes. 防腐有很多方法。
The user of the schematic diagram is
原理图的使用者是维修人员。
the mechanic.
Make a record of all thickness
打破了测量值的记录。
measurements.
Documents should be readily
文件应该经常修订。
revisable.
Do the related troubleshooting
解决急发故障问题。
procedures.
The applicable regulations for any
specific airplane, which may differ FAR规章适用于任何区别于通常的特型飞机，
from the referenced FAR, must be 都必须遵守。
followed.
Generally, in describing the airplane or
its system, third person wording 飞机或其系统的缺陷经常被第三方给出文字
描述。
should be used.
The sequence of topics in the
Handbook is intended to increase in- 手册主题的顺序安排是为了增加飞行中的实
用性。
flight usefulness.
Revisions are to be made consistent
with the format of their specification 参考修订FAR21.50的格式，应保持与使用的
using the provisions of FAR 21.50 as 规范一致。
a basis.
For the remaining non-complex items,
the airframe manufacturer will 机身制造商将非必要项目作为手册的一部分
incorporate information as part of the ，要提供选择说明。
manual.
If folded pages are used, the page
如果使用折页，折叠时页码必须可见。
number must be visible when folded.
Manufacturers may also choose to
group related systems where the 如果产品的简单性允许，制造商也可以选择
将相关系统进行组合。
simplicity of the product permits.
English is not often the native
language of the readers of technical 英语通常不是技术资料读者的母语。
documentation.
If the RAT is retracted, slowly and fully
extend the RAT and make sure that it 如果RAT被撤回，缓慢并完全将其伸出，确保
与其他部件衔接上。
does not touch other parts.
Examine the strut for cracks, damage, 检查吊架是否有裂纹、损伤，检查连接点有
and worn areas on the attach points. 无磨损区域。
Basically, writers can use the
approved words in the dictionary as a 基本上，作者可以使用字典中已批准的词汇
作为核心词。
core vocabulary.
If you think that snow will fall, make
sure that the vehicle is in the 如果你认为会下雪，请确保容器置于适当的
温度条件中。
applicable configuration.
This check is used to examine the
engine components or system for 这项检查是用于当发动机出现渗漏时，检查
leakage when the engine operates at 部件和系统是否松动。
the idle-power position.
Solvent that stays on the part can
留在部件上的溶剂可能导致腐蚀。
cause corrosion.
Wind the tape on the reel. 缠紧卷轴上的发条。
All persons in this area must use a
所有在此区域人员必须使用护目镜。
respirator.
Use an oil can to lubricate the 使用一种润滑油，这种润滑油可以润滑松紧
turnbuckle. 螺套。
To prevent unwanted friction, polish
为避免不必要的磨损，将表面涂漆。
the surface.
Remove the pin before you turn the
转动滑轮之前，拆下销子。
pulley.
Mix the material with a spatula. 使用容器混合材料。
Do not make a recess of more than 5
螺柱的凹陷不得超过5mm。
mm for the studs.
Turn the shaft around its axis. 绕其轴线旋转此曲柄。
Adjust the gyro accurately. 调整加速度计的精度。
The scratch does not penetrate the
凹坑没有伤及保护漆层。
protective layer.
Reassemble the part if the overlap is
如果厚度超过 0.1 mm，则重新安装零件。
more than 0.1 mm.
EGT shows only when the EEC has
只要EEC有电，EGT就显示。
electrical power.
The unit pressurizes and filters the oil. 该组件分配和过滤油液。
Make sure that the nitrogen fill
pressure of the hydraulic accumulator 确保液压蓄压器的氮气灌充压力是正确的。
is correct.
Examine the contents of the box for
检查盒子里有无丢失的东西。
missing items.
Usable fuel is the fuel available for
可用燃油是指飞机飞行中使用的燃油。
flight planning.
Make sure that you turn the control
确保你要逆时针旋转控制按钮。
knob counterclockwise.
Ream the hole until it has a diameter 扩孔（铰孔）至直径达到8.00+/-0.003毫米
of 8.00 +/- 0.003 mm. 。
The door is made of carbon fiber
门是由碳纤维复合塑料制成的。
reinforced plastic.
If the components fall, permanent
如果部件跌落，有可能会造成轻微的损坏。
damage can occur.
Only approved persons are permitted
非授权人员禁止进入该区域。
to stay in this area.
Use some auxiliary screws to
用一些辅助螺栓来暂时安装部件。
assemble the unit temporarily.
Manufacturers may omit systems not
制造商可以忽略不适用于其产品的系统。
applicable to their product.
Appropriate revision pages and
related effectivity page lists will be 在修订文件时，应提供修订页和相关的有效
provided when amending the basic 列表。
document.
A system is a combination of
interrelated components arranged to 系统通过安排相互关联的部件来实现一定的
功能。
perform a specific function.
Illustrations showing location of
attachment points, turning radius shall 显示连接点的位置，转弯半径的图解应包括
在内。
be included.
Speed-Attitude Correction system
automatically maintains a safe flight 速度-高度纠错系统通过修正实际速度尽可能
attitude by correcting for effects of 保持飞机安全飞行高度。
speed.
This data module tells you how to
这个日期模块告诉你如何操作这个单位。
operate the unit.
This Specification refers to various
本规范涉及FAA的各种调节。
FAA regulations.
Assemble the unit. 组装这个组件。
Make sure that the movement of the
确保副翼向下运动。
elevators is slow.
Correct the tension. 张力是正确的。
Replace components that are worn
更换磨损超过最大限度的部件。
more than the maximum limits.
Install the larger bolts. 拆卸较大的螺帽。
Attach the two ends of the hose. 把软管的两端连接起来。
Move the panel into position. 改变面板的位置。
Apply the paint with a brush. 用彩笔涂颜料。
The sealant burns at 109 deg. F. 这种防腐剂在华氏109度时融化。
Examine the tubing for worn areas. 检查油管，对于磨损的区域。
Visually examine the assembly to
仔细检查组件来确定是否有进一步的损坏。
determine extent of damage.
Label the tabs with section numbers or
贴标签于章节编号或标题。
titles.
Perform preliminary inspection of all
对所有维修过的产品进行全面检查。
articles that are maintained.
No one is allowed to access the
没有人允许接近飞机做功能测试。
airplane during its functional test.
Keep quiet to avoid missing the sound
保持安静以避免错过信号的声音。
of signal.
Use proper equipment to do the 使用良好的设备去做这项检查以及目视检查
inspection, instead of visual check. 。
Guarantee that all means we use
保证所有的使用途径都满足适航要求。
meet the requirement of airworthiness.
Set the STANDBY POWER switch on
将P5-5板上的备用电源电门设置到关位。
the P5-5 panel to the OFF position.
Make sure the area for test is free of
确保区域测试没有人。
any people.
Outlet pressure of control unit fails to 控制组件的出口压力值，否则它不能稳定在
stabilize at proper pressure. 正确压力范围。
Auxiliary fuel tanks are normally
辅助燃油箱通常是可移动的油箱。
removable tanks.
When this occurs, 9th stage bleed air 当这种情况发生时，你可以选择使用第9级引
is automatically used. 气。
One thirty-second is an example of
一百三十二是的整数的一个例子。
fractions.
Emergency Shutdown does not
紧急停车不包含这些部件。
include the units themselves.
When a new paragraph starts, the
reader knows that there will be new or 当开始一个新的段落，读者知道在这个段落
里会有新的或者不同的信息。
different information in that paragraph.
"Emergency Procedures" shall have a “紧急程序”应该用红色塑料封袋装载以便
red plasticized tab divider. 区分。
It operates when the pressure applied
in the opposite direction is more than 当按照指令给活门施加大于设定值的力，活
门会反向操作。
a set value.
Start a safety instruction with a clear 安全须知的开头要用清晰简单的指令或条件
and simple command or condition. 。
No part of this document may be
reproduced in any form without 本文件的任何部分不可以重新印制，只有得
permission in writing from the 到出版商书面许可以后才可以。
publisher.
Make sure that the indications agree
确保那些指示的位置是襟翼的位置。
with the position of the flaps.
The operator may use standard ABC
Condition Report form(s) or an 运营人可以使用标准的ABC情况报告单或者以
equivalent containing the same 包含相同信息的表格替代。
information.
This system shows the pilot the
deviations from the localizer course 此系统显示飞行员飞行的航道与下滑道之间
的偏差。
and the glideslope path.
Warnings, cautions and notes may be
used to highlight or emphasize 可以用警告、注意和备注来说明重要的事情
，或者强调要点。
important points.
Supplementary Air is that portion of
the system which varies and controls 补充空气是系统的一部分，它改变和控制流
supplementary air flow to the exhaust 入排气系统的补充空气流量。
system.
In meeting these requirements,
consideration may be given to limiting 为了认识这些要求，纸张厚度限制可能会被
考虑。
paper bulk.
SPECLAL PURPOSE EQUIPMENT -
This Chapter shall include such 专用设备 - 本章应包括前几章未包括的设备
equipment and systems not included 和系统。
in previous chapters.
For General Aviation aircraft
subsystem Section -10 and -20 can be 为了通用航空的飞机子系统，第10和20段可
以结合。
combined.
Additional information provided by the
manufacturer should be appropriately 制造商提供的附加信息应适当地纳入第5.37
integrated into the order shown in 或5.41段所示的指令中。
paragraphs 5.37 or 5.41.
Only major changes are highlighted. 只有主要的变更高高挂起来了。
NOTE and its related examples
删除了注释及其相关示例。
deleted.
The lamp comes on with a dim light. 灯泡带来了一盏灯。
Clean the inner surface of the
清洁容器的内表面。
container.
A value of 2 mm is permitted. 2毫米的价值是允许的。
Two persons are necessary to do this
执行此步骤需要两个人。
procedure.
The laptop has three primary parts. 这个笔记本电脑有三个备用部件。
Use a 12-inch wrench handle during
在此过程中，使用12英寸螺刀手柄。
this procedure.
Make sure that the actuator is in the
确保盖板处于打开位置。
open position.
Put clamps on the cable to hold it in
将卡箍放在电缆上以将其固定到位。
position.
There are two methods to plate the
有两种方法来固定圆形螺栓。
ring nut.
The gauge shows that the reservoir is
指示器显示储压器已满。
full.
Put the transducer on the body
将收发机放到主体组件上。
assembly.
Install the cover with the aid of a
在另一个人的启发下安装盖子。
second person.
The security scanner detects metallic
安全扫描仪检测金属物体。
objects.
The properties of these sealants
这些密封剂的特性可预防腐蚀。
prevent corrosion.
The fasteners must align with the
快速定点必须与航迹的点吻合。
holes in the track.
The letters will be matt black on white. 信函是白纸黑字印刷的。
Carefully remove the trim cover from
小心地取出配平盖板内的备份磁带。
the adhesive tape.
Make sure that the generator operates
确保电动机操作顺滑。
smoothly.
A fast movement of the throttle will
油门杆的快速移动将引起喘振。
cause a surge.
If necessary, add more gaskets. 如果有必要，增加更多垫片。
Put the sling on the shackle. 将导轨嵌放在轴上。
If the test does not give satisfactory
results, do the fault isolation 试验结果表明，需要实施故障识别程序。
procedure.
Examine the wing tank internally. 检查机翼油箱内部。
Drill a hole at the intersection of the
打磨两条线之间的孔洞区域。
two lines.
You can stow life vests in the space
你能在座椅下方的位置取出救生衣。
under the seats.
The trailing edge flaps are more than
后缘襟翼有25个以上的组件。
25 units.
Two sensors are on the top of the aft
两个电感器在后锁连杆上方工作。
lock link.
The table that follows shows the data. 表格遵循以下显示的数据。
Lubricate the seal before its
安装前先润滑密封件。
installation.
Make an analysis of the oil. 滑油必须要分析。
Find new troubleshooting procedures. 找到新的故障件。
Soak the area with warm water. 用温水浸泡该区域。
Lubricate the o-rings with hydraulic
把O形封圈浸泡在液压油里面。
fluid.
Lower the antenna to get access to
降低天线以获得钢索接头。
the cable connector.
Loosen the screws that attach the
松开卡箍，将螺钉固定到支架上。
clamp to the support.
Manually override the start sequence. 人工超控起动顺序。
Do an overhaul of the No. 2 engine. 对2号引擎进行排故。
Do not use other verb tenses that are
不要使用其他未经批准的动词短语。
not approved.
Open the circuit breaker. 接通断路器。
Remove the remaining sealant. 拆卸保留的封严。
The next check interval is based on
下一个检查内容是基于本次检查结果。
the inspection results of this time.
The system to be tested operated 将要测试的这个系统在上个航段运转不正常
abnormally during last flight leg. 。
To obey the regulations is very
important for aircraft maintenance 对于飞机维修中的行为，法规中规定的要求
很重要。
activity.
The microprocessor cards are
微处理器卡可以更换。
interchangeable.
Drains let fuel in the vent system
排放管使通风系统的燃油返回油箱。
return to the tanks.
The ignition unit is cooled by the air
冷却组件用来冷却风扇管道中的空气。
taken from the fan duct.
It is a must to check the relevant
当有金属碎片时必须检查临近的泵。
pump when metal chips are found.
He removed the access panel to see
他拆下入口盖板来看是否有腐蚀的管路。
the corroded tube.
Make sure the girt bar is not engaged
in the floor-mounted escape slide 确保束缚杆没有与安装在地板上的逃离滑梯
支架啮合。
brackets.
The system must be deactivated in
order to prevent the thrust reverser 该系统必须启动以防止反推操作故障。
from operating accidentally.
During the APU operation, examine
the oil temperature sensor for signs of 在APU运转过程中，如出现滑油渗漏，检查滑
油温度传感器。
oil leakage.
This index helps you find the
applicable STE rules related to 此说明帮助您找到相关的适用STE规则和不同
特定主题。
different specific subjects.
The symbol means all or most of the
该符号指该章节的全部或大部分规则。
rules in that section.
The writing rules cover aspects of
grammar and style. The dictionary 写作规则包括语法和文体观点。字典给出了
gives the general words that a writer 撰写人可以使用的一般词汇。
can use.
The surge tank drain check valve also
prevents fuel flow from main tank 1 通气油箱排放单向活门也防止燃油从1号和2
号主油箱流到通气油箱。
and main tank 2 to the surge tank.
Shutoff the airflow in the air
关闭空调管道中的气流以备检查。
conditioning ducts to be inspected.
The ventilation system uses
differential pressure to pull air out of 通风系统使飞机产生不同的压力从而将废气
排出。
the airplane.
Where possible and practical,
language and writing style obey the 在可行的情况下，语言和书写风格要遵守相
应的规则和STE字典。
rules and the dictionary of STE.
Isolate the section that is causing the
隔离引起故障的部分。
trouble.
Some abbreviations of parts of speech
are changed to agree with standard 变更一些词性的缩写，使其与标准缩写一致
。
abbreviations.
Remove the primer finish around the
mating surface area of the adapter 拆下接合表面漆层周围的转接板。
plate .
If certificated in more than one
category, the weights, with any 如果获得一个以上的类别认证，则每一类别
restrictions, shall be given for each 的重量均应给予限制。
category.
The abnormalities to be included in
this section shall be determined by the 本节中包含的异常应由手册编写者确定。
handbook producer.
The aircraft may be maintained in
accordance with the latest information 飞机的维护信息必须与制造商提供的最近信
息一致。
issued by the manufacturer.
To facilitate troubleshooting, repair of
circuits, and replacement of 应该将认证和识别系统用于故障排除，线路
components, an identification and 图修正和部件的更换。
coding system should be used.
Make sure the sealant is continuously
squeezed out along the edges of the 确保密封剂被完全挤出接触面边缘。
contact surfaces.
Components replacement are not
available for the landing gear
retraction system and the applicable 在此推荐清单中，更换部件对于起落架收放
系统和其相关的指示系统来讲是不合理的。
indication system in this
recommended list.
Make sure that the AC CONNECTED
and NOT IN USE lights on the P36 确保P36面板上的“交流已连接”及“未使用
”指示灯点亮。
panel are illuminated.
Examine the flow control orifice and
make sure the restrictor holes are free 检查流量控制管路，避免节流孔发生堵塞或
被污染。
from blockage and contamination.
STE is a living language and needs
feedback from the users to improve it STE是一种活的语言，需要用户的反馈来不断
改进。
on a continuous basis.
Always use these words with their
避免使用这些词来表达他们论证过的意思。
approved meanings.
The listed technical names are only
列出了技术名称一个示例。
examples.
This is not the complete list of all
这并不是所有可能的技术名称的完整列表。
possible technical names.
Keep the backup file in a safe area. 把返回文件放在安全的地方。
The laptop has these primary parts: 笔记本电脑有以下主要部件
Install the spacer between the two
在两个垫圈之间安装间隔装置。
washers.
Apply grease to the fasteners. 在快速齿轮上涂抹润滑脂。
Do not go into the engine test area
未经保护，请勿进入发动机测试区域。
without approval.
Send the part to the overhaul shop. 将备件送到修理厂。
Put a transparent sheet of plastic on
在表面放置一块透明塑料片。
the surface.
Make sure that the transponder
确保应答机正确发送信号。
transmits the signal correctly.
Only approved personnel must
授权人员必须仅操作刹车。
operate the brakes.
Make sure that the lock nut touches
确保自锁螺母靠近弹簧。
the spring.
Torque the plug to 6 Nm. 拧紧堵头至6牛顿。
The vertical stabilizer is installed on
垂尾顶部安装有垂直安定面。
the top of the fuselage tail section.
A number in the top left corner of the 显示器顶部和左侧角落的数字指向相关页面
display refers to a related page. 。
The tolerance is plus or minus 0.2
将测量误差值控制在正或负0.2毫米内。
mm.
To install the indicator, tilt it rearward. 安装指示器时将其向后方倾斜。
Measure the time necessary for the
测量压力下降所需时间。
pressure to decrease.
The time between clicks must be 20
每间隔20秒点击一次。
seconds.
Make sure that there is tension in the
确保钢索张力正常。
lockwire.
Make sure that the doors are closed
在释压测试期间，不得开启舱门。
during the pressurization test.
Make sure that the fluid that goes
确保流经管路的液体没有气泡。
through the tube has no bubbles.
Interconnects to other systems should
应明确指出与其他系统的互连。
be plainly noted.
In the latter case, the title shall be 在后面的盒子中，标题应为“机长操作手册
"Pilot's Operating Handbook. ”。
Pages of permanently bound
永久装订的手册页无需注明日期。
Handbooks need not be dated.
Adjust the linkage again after the
检查后再次拉长连杆。
inspection.
The circuit breakers are installed on
跳开关安装在组件的前部。
the rear of the unit.
Find the cause of the incorrect
找出正确显示的来源。
indication.
Record all repairs to the skin surface. 记录对蒙皮表面进行的所有修理。
If the failure occurs regularly, do a
如果故障频繁出现，进行系统测试。
system test.
MAKE SURE THAT THE TOILET
确保厕所组件正确冲洗。
ASSEMBLY FLUSHES CORRECTLY.
Do the procedure that follows. 执行所有的程序。
MAKE SURE THAT THE RODS
确保杆之间有合适的间隙。
HAVE SUFFICIENT CLEARANCE.
The protective paint will prevent
保护漆将防止腐蚀达6个月。
corrosion for six months.
STE can be a valuable support for
STE对技术翻译来说是毫无意义的。
technical translation.
If the meaning changes, use a
如果情况发生变化，则使用不同的材料。
different construction.
Only use technical verbs as verbs, not 技术动词既可以用作动词，也可以用作名词
as nouns. 。
The distribution system has these
供给系统有这些用处。
functions.
Provide ventilation for lavatories and
为卫生间和厨房提供冷气。
galleys.
The passenger conditioned air
distribution gets air from the mix 乘客空调供给从混合总管处获得空气。
manifold.
This enables better thrust
management and decreases fuel 这个能使推力管理更好，并且能够减少燃油
consumption. 消耗。

Use the reset pushbutton to reset the

用设置开关以重置运行时间。
elapsed time.
The seat height lock mechanism
座椅锁定高度装置控制了座椅高度。
controls seat height.
It is necessary to clean the filter
需每隔一年就清理一下过滤器。
periodically.
Two semicircular flappers control air
两个半圆形的挡板控制空气流。
flow.
Care must be taken not to damage the
必须要注意不要损坏防火墙罩。
firewall cover.
It has a single shaft and operates at a 它有一个简单的轴承并且操作在一个常规的
constant speed. 速度。
Tighten the coaxial connectors (hand
拧紧这些同轴接头（用手上紧再1/8转）
tight plus 1/8 turn)
Controls in the flight compartment
permit selection of temperature and 驾驶舱的控制允许选择温度和流速。
flow rates.
The cover, when down, is a guard for 盖子朝下的时候，是开关在开位的一种保护
the switch in the ON position. 。
The flight crew can use the flight
director commands to control the 机组能用飞行指令需求来控制飞机的姿态。
attitude of the airplane.
All revision numbers and dates shall
所有改版数量和日期都应该从页面上删除。
be removed from pages.
Each page shall bear a page number
and date of issue or revision at the 每页底部应标明页码和发行日期或修订日期
。
bottom.
Make sure that equipment is cleared
确保这片区域的设备都清空了。
of this area.
Relatively simple units may not require
description and operation, and/or 对相对简单的部件可能不需要描述和操作说
明、和/或排故信息。
troubleshooting information.
In an emergency, obey the cabin crew
在紧急情况下要无条件的服从乘务人员。
without question.
For Handbooks that are not FAA
Approved Airplane Flight Manuals, 对于非FAA批准的飞机，其声明要写在飞行手
册中。
make the following statements.
In some cases, wires are color coded
and these should be indicated on the 在某些情况下，导线是以颜色编码的，这些
情况应在接线图上标明。
wiring diagram.
Navigation system information is
displayed on the primary flight 导航系统信息在主飞行显示器显示。
displays
This Section shall contain a legible
statement in a prominent location to 在本节显著的位置应包括一个清楚的声明，
the effect that the Airworthiness 内容是适航限制部分由FAA批准。
Limitations Section is FAA approved.
Airworthiness Directive is procedure
that must be used when performing 适航指令是从事飞机进行维修时必须使用的
程序。
maintenance on an aircraft.
Examine all components, hydraulic
检查所有的部件和液力管路连接。
fittings and connecting lines.
Write only one instruction in each
sentence unless two or more actions 每条指令用一句话写出，除非有两个或更多
的动作。
occur at the same time.
During the approach to the runway,
deviation pointers in the course 在接近跑道过程中，偏差指针在航向指示器
indicators show the pilot in which 上显示飞行员正在朝哪个方向飞行。
direction the aircraft must go.
A modular engine construction is used
现代飞机都安装单元体结构的发动机。
on all modern aircraft.
Put the container below the drain
将容器置于排放活门下方。
valve.
Examine the bottom skin panels of the
检查机身蒙皮盖板的底部有无裂纹。
fuselage for cracks.
To prevent unwanted friction, polish
为防止外来物摩擦，对表面抛光。
the surface.
Make sure that the pressure is less
确保压力不低于30磅每平方英寸。
than 30 psi.
Replace the slide valve if its surface is
更换滑阀，确保其表面光滑。
rough.
Unfold the sheeting carefully. 小心地展开薄板。
Install the cable through the guide
将钢索穿过导管至客舱地板下方。
tube below the cabin floor.
Cure the sealant at a constant
在室温固化密封胶。
temperature.
If you get an undemanded movement, 如果你得到了一个不需要的移动，做系统测
do a test of the system. 试。
Make sure that the two pistons extend
确保两个活塞伸出长度相等。
equally.
A guard on the control switch of the
对泵的控制电门进行保护可以防止误操作。
pump prevents accidental operation.
Make sure that the skin is not
确保蒙皮未受损伤。
damaged.
You can replace a large number of
你需要在安装发动机时更换大量零件。
units during engine installation.
Disconnect the tow bar from the
将牵引杆连接到车辆上。
vehicle.
Do not use fuel with unknown
不要加注过量燃油。
properties.
Remove the remaining sealant from
从地板护盖上去除剩余的密封胶。
the floor covering.
Make sure that the replacement has
确保放置正确尺寸的部件。
the correct dimensions.
If there is a report of damage, do an
如果有损伤报告，要进行检查。
inspection.
Put the removed part on a clean
把损伤的零件放在干净的地方。
surface.
The metering plug decreases the fuel
计量塞增加燃油量。
flow.
An incorrect connection will cause
松散接头会造成损伤。
damage.
If there is no contamination, start the
如果没有污染物，重新开始操作。
operation again.
Rub the surface with a clean cloth. 用干净的毛巾清洁表面。
Soak the element for four hours. 浸泡元件四个小时。
Put on goggles to prevent injury to
护目镜的功能是避免灼伤眼睛。
your eyes.
Do these two steps at the same time. 分步执行这两个步骤。
Make sure that you do not cut the
确保没有剪断操纵钢索。
control cable.
Before you do servicing of the
隔离液压系统之前，做勤务。
hydraulic system, isolate it.
Repair the surfaces that have
修复所有凹坑的表面。
scratches.
Engines 1 and 2 supply hot air to their
1号和2号发电机为其对应的机翼供电。
related wings.
It sets forth manufacturer
recommended retirement times for 它指出了零件或组件的制造商的建议在翼时
间。
parts or assemblies.
Engage the gear wheel on the splined
将齿轮接合到花键轴上。
shaft.
Align the drill until it is perpendicular to
实施训练，直到熟练操作舵面。
the surface.
Do not make kinks in the cables. 不要使钢索散开。
Damage can occur to the pump if
there is not sufficient oil in the 如果油箱中不是所需的油液，可能会使泵损
坏。
reservoir.
Make sure that drag struts do not
确保拉力连杆不会卡住起落架。
obstruct landing gear.
Do not install shims over 0.02 mm
不要安装精度超过0.02 mm的垫片。
thick.
Put the antenna through the top of the
将线路穿过线槽顶部。
slots.
Isolate the defective portion of the
区分电路的相关部分。
circuit.
If the valve opening is premature, stop
如果活门过早开启，停止测试。
the test.
Using the prescribed oil, replenish the
使用特定的的滑油，添加到滑油箱。
oil tank.
Probe the tube to find the blockage. 使用探针检查管子以找出堵塞物。
Use the torque wrench to tighten the
使用力矩扳手间隔拧紧螺栓。
bolts progressively.
Explain how to recognize potential
如何解释处理潜在问题和紧急情况。
problems and handle emergencies.
All Supplements may be issued to all
owners of the airplane model covered 所有补充项目都可以发给手册中包含的全部
飞机型号的所有者。
by the Handbook.
Do not remove dowel pins unless
required in complying with Continuing 除非符合持续适航检查大纲5340-04的要求，
Airworthiness Inspection Number 否则不要拆下燕尾榫。
5340-04.
Print all pages except wiring diagrams
双面打印除线路图和折页外的所有页。
and foldouts on both sides.
The position of the word in the
sentence will tell you its function and 你可以根据单词在句子中的功能和意思了解
its meaning, because verbs and 它的位置，因为动词和形容词的位置不同。
adjectives have different positions.
Maximum Operating Limit Speed is
the speed limit that may not be 最大运行极限速度是指在正常飞行中不能故
deliberately exceeded in normal flight 意超过的速度限制。
operations.
No abbreviations may be used unless
不能使用缩写，除非有意义。
they are universally meaningful.
The originators of the change forms
are usually notified of the related 变更表格的发起者通常会通知相关的STEMG来
进行评估和表决。
STEMG assessments and decisions.
The page number shall be in the lower
right corner and the date of issue in 页码在右下角，发行日期在左下角。
the lower left corner.
A revision means a modification of
改版是指对现有数据进行更新。
information in an existing manual.
The pressure decreases while the
轮胎冷却后，气压降低。
tires become cool.
Make a line on the blade. 用刀片画一条线。
Use the left opening for easy access. 使用左边的开口，以方便接近。
Increase the temperature gradually. 快速升高温度。
Replace the insulation blankets that
更换有摩擦的导热垫。
show chafing.
Reinforcement plates make the lap
膝盖连接处使钢筋板更加强劲。
joints stronger.
This is a good procedure to remove
这是一个很好的喷漆方案。
paint.
Make sure that the unit operates
确保装置运转良好。
satisfactorily.
Do not tighten the bolts with too much
不要给螺栓施加过大力矩。
force.
Significant opinions concerning
compliance with the Specification shall 与本规范的符合性相关的重要意见应予以公
布。
be published.
Words often have many different
单词在英语中通常有许多不同的意思。
meanings in English.
Cut the cable into three equal lengths. 将钢索拼成三段那么高。
The primary function of this unit is to
这个单元的主要函数是控制燃油流动。
control the fuel flow.
Polish the surface until it is very shiny. 抛光表面，直到它非常有光泽。
The armed position is the usual
武装位置是开关的通常位置。
position of the switch.
A flight starts when the air mode is
空中模式设定30秒后飞行开始。
sensed for longer than 30 seconds.
The flight compartment gets
conditioned air from the left pack and 驾驶舱从左侧空调组件获得空调空气，并在
总管里混合。
the mix manifold.
The air goes through riser ducts and
up side walls to an overhead 空气流经立管并向上至侧壁和头顶分配导管
。
distribution duct.
The forward and aft cargo electronic
前、后货舱电子组件是相同的。
units are identical.
For some words, there are notes that
tell you to use other approved 某些词会有注释告诉你使用其他批准的专用
词汇或不同的形式。
alternatives or a different construction.
The manufacturer recommends that
you prepare the mixture in an area 制造商要求使用良好的气流在一个区域内制
备混合物。
with good airflow.
Different wordings are used for
拧紧螺栓时使用不同的措辞。
tightening the bolts.
When you apply hydraulic pressure,
make sure that the lever does not 当您提供液压时，确保操纵杆不会接触停止
（1）。
touch the stop (1).
Carry out permanent repair by filling
damaged area with potting compound 根据结构修理手册进行永久性修理，对损伤
部位填充BMS-287填充剂。
BMS-287 with reference to SRM.
Left wing number 2 fuel tank access
左大翼二号油箱盖板断裂。
door is deformed.
Floor beam at body station 360 has
moderate corrosion 2 inches in length 机身站位360处的地板梁有低度腐蚀（长2英
寸，直径1英寸）。
and 1 inch in diameter.
Remove burrs with rotary file in
accordance with standard practices 根据标准施工手册及结构修理手册里文件的
要求除去划痕。
and SRM.
Doorstop at forward external fuselage
前外机身勤务门止动点缺失。
servicing door is protruding.
DO NOT USE YOUR HANDS TO
PREVENT MOVEMENT OF THE LP
COMPRESSOR. IF YOU DO, THE LP 不要用手辅助低压压气机的运动。如果这样
做，低压压气机可能会导致人身伤害并损坏
COMPRESSOR CAN CAUSE YOU 设备。
INJURY AND CAN CAUSE DAMAGE
TO THE EQUIPMENT.
The fans have thermal switches that
protect the fans from overheat 风扇有自动开关用以保护风扇过热受损。
damage.
When the area is sufficiently cool,
当该面积足够凉爽时，喷涂表面。
polish the surface.
Turn the aileron control wheel quickly
逆时针快速地转动副翼驾驶盘。
counter-clockwise.
Release the spring tension. 加载弹簧的张力。
Fill the tank with new oil. 给坦克更换新的燃油。
Weigh the two parts of the compound. 给化合物的两部分称重。
Contamination of cabin air can be an
货舱空气的不流通是个重要的问题。
important problem.
The maximum permitted difference is
允许的最大差值为5mm。
5 mm.
Connect the fittings to the hydraulic
将装置连接到液压测试仪表上。
test bench.
Do not print on the back of the title
不要打印标题页的后一页。
page.
Total capacity and usable fuel shall be
应说明总容量和可用燃油。
stated.
Provide a drawing or picture of the
给出控制面板的原理图或图片。
instrument panel.
Relieve system pressure. 降低系统温度。
If in loose-leaf form, use "standard",or 如果是活页表，使用“标准”或通用的页面
commonly used page sizes. 布局。
If there is fuel leakage from the
如果接头有燃油泄漏，则进行修理。
couplings, repair them.
Step 2 is applicable only if the weather
步骤2仅适用于天气潮湿的情况。
is wet.
Put on protective clothing when you
使用危险品时穿上防护服。
use the solvent.
Make sure that the bearing is correctly
确保轴承安装正确。
installed.
Do not open the housing while the
连接电源时，不要打开房间。
electrical power is connected.
The person, who operates the rear
操作后绞盘的人，必须锁定调节器。
winch, must lock the fixture.
Measure the width of the crack at the
在最宽处测量裂纹的宽度。
widest point.
A filter prevents contamination of the
过滤器可防止系统中的部件受到磨损。
components in the system.
Solvents that stay on the part can
残留在零件上的溶剂会导致腐蚀。
cause corrosion.
Identify the bellcrank and shaft with
用标记识别曲柄和轴，以防止安装错误。
marks to prevent incorrect installation.
Remove oil and grease with a
用去脂设备除去油和油脂。
degreasing agent.
You can use equivalent alternatives
你可以对这些条款使用备用替换。
for these items.
This is equivalent to the maximum. 这等于最大值。
Before you make the hole, make sure
在制作壳体之前，确保钻头的尖端锋利。
that the point of the drill bit is sharp.
Plastic covers are fitted into the seat
tracks to cover the exposed track 座椅小桌板上覆盖了一层塑料，以盖住经过
处理的小桌板部分。
sections.
Put the fairing in position. 将固定盖板放置到位。
Use a solution that contains no oil. 使用不含油的溶液。
Calibrate the thermometer to the
将温度计调到摄氏温标。
Celsius scale.
Write the results of the calibration on
将测试结果写在正确的表格里。
the correction chart.
Manually position the outflow valve to
按手册将外流活门定位到全开位。
full OPEN.
The fan and booster is a four-stage
风扇和增压器是一个四级压气机。
compressor.
The fan increases the speed of the air. 风扇降低气流速度。
A splitter fairing divides the air into
一个尖的整流环把气流分成两部分。
these two air flows.
The number 4 bearing holds the rear
4个轴承支撑N2轴的后部。
of the N2 shaft.
There are 24 wide-chord, titanium fan
有24片宽弦钛合金风扇叶片。
blades.
All engine fuel and control 所有发动机的燃油和控制部件都在发动机上
components are on the engine. 。
Fuel flows from the HMU to the fuel
燃油从HMU流向燃油流量传感器。
flow transmitter.
Two resolvers measure the position of
2个解算器测量燃油计量活门的位置。
the fuel metering valve.
Tell person A to remove the chocks. 告诉一个人撤除轮挡。
Do the leak test. 做脆弱测试。
If the humidity changes frequently, put
如果湿度频繁地变化，在装置上盖上盖子。
a cover on the unit.
Measure the time necessary for the
衡量硅酸吸收水分需要的时间。
silica gel to absorb the moisture.
To make pin removal easier, manually
turn the canopy in one direction and 为使接头移除更容易，根据手册转动外壳一
圈，然后再转一圈。
then in the other.
To prevent heat damage to the slats,
the ground test stop automatically 为防止热损坏襟翼，地面测试自动停止于30
秒后。
after 30 seconds.
The present Service Bulletin List is
当前的服务通告清单是人工编制的。
compiled at manual level.
Operate the jack slowly, until the NLG 缓慢地操作千斤顶，直到前起落架减震支柱
shock absorber is compressed. 被压缩。
De-energize the aircraft electrical
给飞机电路断电。
circuits.
The crew controls the aircraft direction
during push back with the steering 机务使用方向盘操纵飞机在滑行期间的方向
。
wheel.
Attach the ropes on the ground with
在地面上的停放点贴上胶带。
the mooring points.
It shall be self-contained and may
它应是独立的，并可重复其他测试。
duplicate other tests.
List these sections under each trouble
将这些部分按概率顺序列在每个故障下面。
in order of probability.
For ease of reference, these tab 出于标记的简单性，这些调整片分隔器应该
dividers shall be staggered. 被放大。
Tighten the nuts, but keep them
sufficiently loose to remove them with 拧紧螺母至足够牢固，而不是用手可以去拧
动得动。
your hand.
A smaller damage is permitted without
较小的损坏可以不修理。
repair.
There must be a good airflow in the
工作区域一定会有好的空气流通。
work area.
During the soldering procedure, use a
焊接时请带防护面罩。
protective shield.
Monitor the speed indication
在测试结束时要监控速度指示。
continuously until the end of the test.
Pressure surges and vibration can
压力波动和震动会导致软管磨损。
cause wear on the hoses.
Open one of the cabin entry doors to
make sure that the cabin is not 打开客舱的一扇门，确保客舱不是全封闭的
。
pressurized.
If one of the compounds that follow is
applied to the fastener, use the torque 如果一种化合物用于紧固件，使用“润滑紧
固件”力矩。
value for “lubed fastener.”
Make sure the L PACK and R PACK
switches on the P5-10 Air 确保L和R PACK开关在P5-10空调面板上显示
Conditioning Panel are in the OFF OFF位。
position.
Contact Liaison Engineering if there
are questions about the applicability of 与联络人有适用性方面的问题，可以联系工
程部解决。
this requirement.
Make sure the temperature remains
constant across the surface of the 确保层压板表面的温度保持恒定。
laminate.
Put your hand on the fan to feel for
vibration. If you feel vibration, the fan 把手放在风扇上感受震动。如果风扇是震动
的，说明风扇是通电的。
is on.
Drawing the fastener into the hole by
不允许通过扭转螺母将紧固件拉入孔内。
torqueing the nut is not allowed.
Acceleration is the rate of change in
相对时间内的的生产效率就是相对生产率.
velocity with respect to time.
Repeat the previous two steps as
按需执行以下两个步骤。
necessary.
The central maintenance computer is
used for all troubleshooting and test 一切排故和测试活动都要用中央维护计算机
。
activity.
No repair procedure is necessary.
Examine the fuel leak frequently to 如果没有必需的修理程序，仔细检查燃油渗
漏来确保不会渗漏更多。
make sure it doesn't get larger.
The multi-mode receiver (MMR) sends
global positioning system time and 综合模式接收机(MMR)将全部位置系统、时间
date to the captain and first officer 和日期传送到正、副驾驶员时钟。
clocks.
Depressurize the reservoir with the
manual bleed valve on the reservoir 油箱泄压可以参考油箱增压组件的手册。
pressurization module.
The rudder is used for yaw control,
that is control of the aircraft around 方向舵用于偏航控制，就是控制飞机绕立轴
的运动。
vertical axis.
This kind of accident indications, if not
solved in time, would cause a serious 如果没有按时处理这种故障指示，会因此严
重事故。
accident.
The reservoir pressure relief valve
opens between 85 and 90 psi to 油箱释压活门在85-90psi之间打开以保护油
protect the reservoir against over- 箱不会超压。
pressurization.
There are four thrust lever assemblies
found in the central control stand 在中央操纵台和正副驾驶位找到四个推力手
between the captain and the first 柄组件。
officer.
The manifold can also give air to the
flight deck conditioned air distribution 当左侧调节组件关闭时，总管也可以将空气
duct when the left air conditioning 送到飞行条件空气分配管路。
pack is off.
Part of the electricity generated by the
engines is supplied to the anti-icing 组件的电流通过发动机提供给防冰系统。
system.
The door is partially open for inflight
operation and fully open for on-ground 此门在飞行中部分打开，在地面时完全打开
。
operation.
When the hydraulic pumps are off, the
system pressure indication shows the 超控泵关闭时, 系统压力显示会显示液力油
的压力。
pressure in the hydraulic reservoirs.
Inspection is accomplished from the
ground, without the use of stands or 不需要使用支架或梯子就能实现在地面做检
查。
ladders.
If the initialization setup is correct,
AUTOTEST IN PROGRESS will show 如果最初的设置已更正，将在CDU显示器上显
示“自动测试完成”。
on the CDU display.
Each rule includes explanatory text
文本说明和有关例句构成了每个规则。
and the related examples.
The sensor of the engine fire detection
system is always a dual continuous 发动机火警探测系统的传感器始终是一个双
连续回路。
loop.
Drain or use the potable water system
a minimum of one time each three 每隔三天排水一次或每天使用饮用水系统一
次。
days.
The engine oil carries these particles 发动机滑油携带这些微粒，直到它们被油滤
until they are caught in an oil filter. 捕获。
Thrust reverser produces the braking
force by deflecting the exhaust gas 反推可以提供刹车力使尾喷气流偏转至相反
方向。
stream to the opposite direction.
If you show the maintenance page too
early, it will show the data from the 如果可以更早地显示维护页面，则能够显示
之前的测试运行数据。
previous time the test ran.
STE regulates the way to express the
content but it does not regulate STE规范表达内容的方式，但不规范格式(例
formatting (for example, typeface, 如，字体、编号等)。
numbering, and etc.).
The AC power system design
prevents two sources to the same 交流电源系统设计避免同一个电源同时给两
个负载供电。
load at the same time.
Subparagraphs and other pertinent
information, such as a list of figures, 子段落和其从属信息，如图表列表，会显示
may be shown in the table of contents 在本部分的内容清单中。
of the section.
Pages of permanently bound
永久绑定的手册页不会过期。
handbooks need not be dated.
All publications shall use the standard
numbering system for indexing and 所有发行物应使用统一的编号系统进行索引
从而进行主题事项分配。
assignment of subject matter.
The information to be included on the
cover will be left to the manufacturer's 封面上的信息将由制造商自行决定。
discretion.
For ease of reference, these dividers 为了参考使用，标签分隔符应该按顺序排列
shall be staggered. 。
The related caution light must go off
相关警戒灯必须在30秒后熄灭。
after 30 seconds.
Hydraulic fluid can cause corrosion. 液压油会造成起火。
Count the number of treads on the
数一下轮胎的胎面层数。
tire.
Bend the pipe to the correct radius. 将管子截成正确的角度。
Cut the cable into three equal lengths. 将电缆折成相等长度的三段。
Look for damage. 查找损伤。
Be careful with easily damaged parts. 小心修理损伤的零件。
Measure the depth of the dent as
如图4所示，测量凹坑的深度。
shown in Figure 4.
Push the button to cancel the freeze
松开按钮取消冻结模式。
mode.
Add the necessary quantity of oil. 放出适量燃油。
Measure the movement of the inboard
测量内侧和外侧襟翼的位移。
and outboard flaps.
Clean the outer surface with warm
用净水清洗内表面。
water.
Do an overhaul of the No. 2 engine. 对2号发动机进行维修。
The source of the problems is in the
问题的原因来自于燃油系统。
fuel system.
Towing vehicles, tow bars, towing 需要对车辆以及随车配置的牵引杆和牵引钢
cables, etc. are needed. 索进行牵引。
Some peculiar techniques are utilized
to determine condition of life limited 确定寿命有限的部件状态时需要使用一些特
殊技术。
parts.
Rate-of-climb of the aircraft will
飞机爬升会影响导航系统。
influence the navigation system.
Crossovers should be avoided if
如果可行，应避免交叉。
practical.
737NG Wing Span is 112.58 feet. 737NG翼展是112.58英尺。
Calibrated Airspeed means the
标准空速是指飞机的表显速度。
indicated speed of an aircraft.
The constant propeller speed
螺旋桨恒速机构故障。
mechanism is blocked out.
Remove the cover with a 1/2 inch
用1/2英寸的扳手拆下盖子。
wrench.
Move the probe upstream and monitor
将上游的传感器拆掉，并再次检测温度。
the temperature again.
All persons who are in this area must
此区域所有人员必须佩戴防毒面具。
use a respirator.
Do not open the housing while the
电源接通后再打开外壳。
electrical power is connected.
Do not use verbs that are general and
不要使用综合的和粗俗的词语。
vague.
Use the passive voice only when it is
仅在真正需要时才会使用被动时态。
really necessary.
The computer calculates the energy
计算机计算偏离这些数值的能量消耗
consumption from these values.
We do not use additives in this
我们在这个产品中不使用添加剂。
product.
In procedures, give short, clear
instructions and address the reader 在程序中，提供简短，清晰的指令并且直接
向读者讲话。
directly.
Remove and discard the preformed
拆下并且标识预处理的包装。
packing.
The side stay assembly has two
侧撑杆总成有两个铰接在一起的折叠肘节。
folding toggles hinged together.
Do not omit nouns to make sentences
为了使句子简短不要增加太多名词。
shorter.
Increase the temperature to decrease
提高温度以缩短固化时间。
the cure time.
Cracks can have a maximum length of
裂缝的最大长度为5英尺。
five inches.
Remove the bolt and the stop. 拆下螺栓和止动块。
Depressurize the hydraulic system. 给液压系统增压。
Nomenclature shall be consistent
throughout all technical data provided 在提供给客户的所有技术资料中，规则应保
持一致。
to the Customer.
Replace Oil Temperature Thermostat
更换油温恒温器控制装置。
Control.
The ALL Engines Recommended
所有发动机工作的推荐爬升速度
Climb Speed
The ALL Engines Best Angle of Climb
所有发动机工作的最佳爬升率速度
Speed
The Maximum Demonstrated
最大证明的侧风速度
Crosswind Velocity
The Recommended Turbulent Air
推荐的颠簸穿越速度
Penetration Speed
This Section of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook shall contain all
performance information required by 《飞行员操作手册》的本节应包含FAR（或其
他适用法规）和本规范要求的所有绩效信息
the Federal Aviation Regulations (or 。
other applicable regulations) and this
Specification.

Each graphical or tabular data

presentation shall include one or more
examples of the proper use of the 每个图形或表格数据应包括一个或多个正确
使用数据展示的示例，除非其使用非常简单
data presentation unless its use is ，不可能出现误用或误解。
sufficiently simple that misuse or
misunderstanding is improbable.
All range distances shall be
所有射程距离应以海里为单位表示。
expressed in nautical miles.
Fuel leaks can decrease engine
燃油渗漏会降低发动机性能。 performance.
The gearbox is installed behind the
泵安装在液压马达后面。
pneumatic motor.

用手摇泵将系统加压到150巴。 Depressurize the system to 150 bar with

the handle pump.
A mixture of fuel and oxygen can cause
燃油和氧气的混合物会引起爆炸。
an explosion.

使用孔探仪从内部检查燃烧室。 Use a hole instrument to examine the

turbine internally.

测量内外侧襟翼的运动。 Measure the movement of the inboard and

outboard flaps.
Shall include dedicated tools, items
应包括专用工具、设备和材料。 and materials.
Finish each chapter on a right-hand
每一节从右边页面开始。
page.
打开单向活门。 Open the isolating valves.
三角形的底是5厘米。 The base of the rectangle is 5 cm.

Make sure that the flaps and the slats

确保襟翼和缝翼是收上的。 are retracted.

将螺栓、螺母、卡环或接头拧紧到正确 Tighten the threads, nuts, clips, or

的力矩。 connectors to the correct torque.

Make sure that the circuit breaker is

确保跳开关是闭合的。
closed.

Keep out of the engine before it

在发动机启动前，远离排气区域。
starts.

Isolate the section that is causing the

隔离造成故障的部分。
trouble.
 This system is used to expand and
此系统用于伸出或收回起落架。
return the landing gear.

This Program usually includes two

此方案通常由两页组成：一个文字页和 pages: one writing page and one drawing
一个图片页。
page.

文件必须易于修改。 Documents must be temporarily edible.

本规范涉及FAA的各项规定。 This Specification includes

miscellaneous FAA regulations.

更换油滤是强制的要求。 It is necessary to replace the fitter.

此程序仅适用于A型零件。 This procedure is only applicable to

type A parts.

Send the results of the audit to the

把分析结果告诉质量部。
quality department.

堵盖的拆卸是必要的。 Removal of the cover is necessary.

按需向液压油箱加液压油。 It is necessary to add fluid to the

hydraulic reservoir.

Make sure that you quarantine the

确保回收已拆除的绝缘材料。 removed insulation material.

Apply a layer of sealant on the top

在上接近盖板上涂一层密封剂。
access panel.

检查门止挡是否有裂纹和腐蚀。 Examine the door stop fittings for

cracks and corrosion.

Supply airspeed instructions and the

提供空速限制和这些限制的操作意义。 operational significance of such
instructions.

使用过滤器从滑油中除去不需要的物质 Use a filter to remove unwanted

。 material from the oil.

手册应易于修订。 Handbooks shall be readily revisable.

收回主起落架。 Extend the nose landing gear.

在钢表面涂上润滑油。 Apply fuel to the steel surfaces.

从法兰上拆下铆钉。 Remove the bolts from the flange.

Make sure that the service control unit

确保伺服控制单元处于打开位置。
is in the open position.

如果你发现断了的电线，就把它们修好 If you find break wires, repair them.

确保维修插头安装到位。 Ensure the repair plug fits.
给飞机加油。 Fuel the aircraft.
抓住螺丝刀松开卡子。 Grab a plier to release the clips.

Make the attitude of the valves the

使阀门的位置一致。 same.

所有出版物均应采用标准数字编号系统 All publications shall use the standard

编制索引。 numbering system.

In a complicated system,
复杂系统的排故工作包括四个部分。 troubleshooting is made up of four
chapters.
The rest information could be shown on
其他信息可能会显示在封面上。 the cover plate.

警告、注意事项和说明可以用来突出或 You may use alerts and cautions to

强调重要的地方。 emphasize some important places.

The user of the schematic diagram is

原理图的使用者是飞行员。
the pilot.

机外空气温度是指自由空气的静态温度 The air temperature outside the

aircraft refers to the atmospheric air
。 dynamic temperature.

Do not exceed this speed with landing

伸出或收回起落架不超过这个速度。 gear retracted or extended.

起落架位置对失速速度没有影响。 Landing gear position has no effect on

stall speeds.

设备清单应包含所有必需的或可选的设 The equipment list shall contain all

备。 required or optional equipment.

This documentary includes appropriate

此文件包含持续适航的适当指令。 instructions for continuing
airworthiness.

更换PTU单向活门 Replace the PTU check valve.

修理受损的封严。 Repair the broken seals.
润滑升降舵调整片铰链。 Lubricate the elevator tab hinges.

接通地面电源。 Put on the electrical power.

Examine the transformer of the floor

检查地板是否变形。
panel.

将拆下的紧固件报废。 Discard the removed fasteners.

在紧固件上涂上油脂。 Paint the fasteners with oil.

如果你发现了裂纹，进行相应的修复程 If you find a crack, do the applicable

序。 repair procedure.
 Contamination of the grease can cause
油脂污染会对轴承造成损伤。
damage to the bearing.

Test the leakage of the file assembly

再次进行过滤器组件的泄漏检查。
once more.
The user of this schematic diagram is
这个原理图的使用者是飞行员。 the mechanic.

Airspeed values shall be expressed in

空速值应以节为单位表示。
knots.

所有表格都应具有一个带编号的标题。 All tabulations shall own a title in

order.

It includes items such as the inflation

它包括诸如减震支柱充气等项目。
of shock struts.

方向舵被用于偏航控制。 The elevator is used for yaw control.

Report any corrosion found to the

向制造商报告发现的任何裂纹。
manufacturer.

The design authority must report all

设计机构必须批准对修复方案的更改。 related questions about the repair
plan.

灰尘会污染所有的滤芯。 Dust can contaminate all areas.

If the indication is not correct, do

如果显示不正确，再做一次测试。 the test again.

Quickly turn on the oxygen system, the

快速拉动氧气面罩，开始供氧。
mask begins to supply oxygen.

简述操作方法。 Describe briefly the method of

operation.

如果安装了报警器面板，解释一下它是 An annunciator device is displayed on

如何工作的。 the panel, which shows how it works.

总数必须在批准的重量和重心限制之内 The total weight must be approved and

。 the CG shall be within the limits.

适航部分必须规定每个强制更换时间。 The airworthiness section may recommend

each expected replacement time.

The condition lever is the primary

条件控制杆是飞机启停的主要控制。
control for start and stop the engine.

本部分所包含的限制是适航当局批准的 This section includes limitations

。 adapted by the airworthiness authority.

确保螺栓上的标记与手柄上的标记水平 Make sure that the mark on the bolt is

. aligned with the mark on the handle.
以数字顺序列出零件编号。 List the part numbers in numbers.

自动推力系统已开启但未运行。 The autothrust system is in but not in

operation.

This system does not supervise the

本系统不取代该项目的正常通信渠道. normal channels of communication for
this item.

运营人可以使用含有同样信息的等效表 The operator may use any format

格。 containing the same information.

Make sure that the fuel tanks are

确保燃油箱正确接地。
correctly grounded.

氧化作用很容易发生。 Oxygen occurs occasionally.

使用左侧开口，以便于进入。 You can use the left cut to enter.

Be careful not to get acid on your

小心别把酸弄到皮肤上。
skin.

以下安全措施适用于爆炸物品。 The following safety precautions can be

used to avoid explosion.

Remove the smooth areas with cotton

如果有粗糙的地方，用砂布清除。
cloth if you find them.

Removing it with special material is

如果发现腐蚀，用指定的材料去除。 necessary if you find corrosion.

Make an estimate of the necessay

估计一下所需的数量。
quantity.
Supply electrical power to both
为两个电磁活门中的一个供电。
solenoids.

水平条从视野中消失。 The horizontal bar goes out of view.

If you find cracks, refer to the table

如果发现裂缝，请参考下表。
that follows.
When the pressure decreases, lift the
当压力降低时，提起盖子。
cover.

Move the hose to make sure that the

移动管子以确保内部连接牢固。
inner connection is stable.

不要让压力小于（或大于）20psi。 Do not make the pressure became less

than (or more than) 20 psi.

当你用到清洁剂工作时，使用呼吸设备 When you do work with cleaning agents,

。 use breathing equipment.

在另一个人的帮助下安装盖子。 Install the can with the aid of a

second person.
Flush the pipes with a disinfectant
用消毒液冲洗管子。
solution.
 This compound can eliminate poisonous
这种化合物能释放有毒的烟雾。
fumes.

在两个螺栓的螺纹上涂抹少量机油。 Make a little oil to the threads of the

two bolts.

停止发动机启动程序。 Stop the engine run-up practice.

压力值必须高于800千帕。 The temperature value must be more than

800 kPa.
Give precise instructions for using
给出使用紧急出口的准确指示。
emergency exits.
为泄漏测试做准备。 Prepare for the built-in test.
给电瓶充电。 Charge the battery.
计算电路中的电压。 Count the velocity in the circuit.

下载文件，点击这里。 To download the file, click here.

Inform the administration of the

告诉制造商这个问题。 problem.
更换损坏的零件。 Remove the damaged parts.
飞行安全必须得到保证。 The aircraft safety should be ensured.

姿态指示仪指示飞机相对于地平线的姿 Altitude meter shows the aircraft

态。 altitude relative to the horizon.

泵安装在液压马达后面。 The pump is installed behind the

hydraulic motor.

清洁轮子后，用压缩空气吹干。 When wheel is dried, clean with the

compressed air.

这个钢板长1.5米，厚3/8厘米。 The steel plate measures 1.5 metres

long and 3/8 centimeter thick.

Timely check the instruments for

定期检查仪表的准确性。
accuracy.

故障代码中的第一对数字表示相应的 ATA chapter is indicated by a pair of

ATA章。 the digits of the first fault code.

冲压空气涡轮位于右后机身整流罩内。 Turbine
press air is in the aft right
body fairing.

IDG包括一个恒速驱动装置和一个由滑 The IDG drives a constant-speed unit

油冷却的发电机。 and an oil cooled generator.

这种方法广泛应用于在图上绘出导航用 This method is used widely in plotting

vectors for navigation problems on a
的向量。
chart.

The ailerons are located to the outside

副翼位于每侧机翼后缘外侧。
rare edge of each wing.
索引编号系统在后面的段落中进行了描 The Index Numbering System is described
述。 in the following paragraph.

制造商可能会省略不适用于其产品的系 Manufacturers may optimize products

统。 that do not conform to their systems.

手机的前面板有一个触摸屏和一个返回 On the front of the phone, there's a

screen, and you can touch the home
键。
button.
The dictionary does not include verbs
词典不包括技术动词，因为它们太多了
。 sorted by trades because there are too
many.

如可能，使用一个经批准的简单动词表 Use a simple verb to express the

达。 approved possibility if permitted.

请不要用湿的手去触碰USB电源适配器 Please do not make the USB power

。 adapter wet with your hands.

文件必须易于修改。 The file must be very easy to rewrite.

确保你能同时听到600赫兹的声音。 Make sure that you can hear the 600 Hz

tone at the same time.

因此，你必须写短句并使用简单句结构 So, you'd have to note down short

。 sentences in simple sentence
structures.
Place chocks around all landing gear
在所有起落架轮子周围放置轮挡。
tires.
If the first coat is damaged, do a
如果底漆层损伤，进行修理。
repair.

去除导线的绝缘层。 Peel the coating from the harness.

这种化合物是有毒的。 This compound is poisonous.
将张力指示器归零。 Set the tensiometer to zero.

陀螺仪的突然操作会导致水平安定面发 Rapid
operation of the accelerometer
can cause unexpected movement of the
生不必要的移动。
vertical stabilizer.

拆除中间的双臂曲柄装置， Remove the middle bellcrank unit.

两个系统可以同时接通。 Two systems can be energized at a time.

Some aircraft parts are combined

某些飞机结构是复合材料。
materials.

收到，可以推出飞机。 Roger that, clear for dispatch.

在两个副翼后部有调整片。 There are trim tabs at the rear of both

ailerons.

方向舵是一个被固定在垂直安定面上的 The rudder is a replaceable airfoil

which is mounted to the vertical fin
可移动的翼面，它用于偏航控制。
and is used for yaw control.
 Ground Control depicts minimum diameter
地面控制描述了滑行和地面操作时的最
小转弯半径。 of turning for taxiing and ground
operation.

This program describes how to identify

此程序解释如何识别迫在眉睫的问题以
an immediate failure and how to handle
及如果发生故障该怎么处理。
a malfunction occurred.

Troubleshooting messages explaining

描述可能故障的排故信息和这些故障的 possible failures and corrective measures
补救措施应在此手册中提供。
must be covered in this handbook.

A separate document should be prepared

FAA批准的适航限制应作为单独的文件 for FAA approved airworthiness limitations
来准备并纳入主维修手册。 which are excluded in the primary
maintenance manual.

如果使用折合页，当折叠时，页码必须 If you use folding page, the page

是可见的。 number must be invisible when folding.

所有相关数据应按逻辑方式分组。 All the related data shall be grouped

in a logical manner.

在这两种情况中的任一情况下，都将包 In either case, a chart will be

括一个图表来显示贯穿整个手册所使用 included in showing standard symbols
的标准符号。 used throughout the manual.

用清洗液对腐蚀进行清洁时，要避免损 When cleaning corrosion with a cleaning

坏周围区域。 fluid, avoid damaging adjacent areas.

关闭隔离活门。 Check the bypass valves.

给电瓶充电。 Charge the battery.
将机轮挡好轮档。 Put the actuators against the tires.

Move the sensor downstream and

将探头移至下游，再次监测温度。
calculate the temperature again.

一个液压马达驱动这个泵。 A hydraulic pump operates the motor.

Let the plate dry at applicable

让油漆在环境温度下变干燥。
temperature.

在烤箱里烘干油滤。 Dry the filter in an oven.

安装两个垫片，每个3.5毫米厚。 Install two mats, each 3.5 mm thick.

氧化很容易发生。 Oxidation occurs very easily.
执行拧紧程序。 Do the tightening procedure.
Examine and remove the parts that are
检查拆下的零件是否损坏
damaged.
 Give an explanation to show the
说明具体的风险或可能的结果。
specified risk or possible result.

Make sure there is no leakage of

确保传感器处无液压油渗漏。
hydraulic fluid at the router.

Warnings, cautions and notes may be

警告、注意事项和提示可用于突出或强
调重点。 used to highlight or repeat important
points.

It is not permit to work with any

禁止使用任何非受控的技术文件去做 uncontrolled technical document for
维修工作。
maintenance work.

本规范第7版完全取代了以前的所有版 This Issue 7 of the specification fully

takes place all issues and revisions
本和修订版。 before.

当检查人员要求时，请出示你的执照 when the inspector asks, please show

和资格授权。 your license and obligations.

要了解更多信息，请参阅官方的参考书 For more information, refer as

。 official reference books.

Move it lightly and make it through the

轻微地移动它，使它能够对准小孔。 hole

把修理板材准确地放在损坏区域。 Place the repaired board carefully in

the damaged place.

Ensure that the porosity is less than

确保孔的直径小于规定的值。 the specified error.

Operational Tags need to be listed or

操作标牌应列出清单或配图解说明。
made a legend.

操作调光开关，确保光的强度发生变化 Turn the dimming knob and find out the

。 intensity of the light changes.

计算机依据这些数值计算能源消耗。 The computer consumes the energy based

on these values calculations.

每一个维修项目都有程序可遵循。 Every maintenance item has to obey a

procedure.

An inoperative pump will be identified

油滤组件污染表明泵有故障。
by a decontaminated filter.

The temperature can be increased by

提高温度以减少固化时间。
decreasing the cure time.

During ground speed braking, all the

在地面减速时，所有扰流板都打开。
spoiler panels are activated.
从软管上拆下盖子。 Remove the caps from the hoses.

阀门故障的主要原因是液压油污染。 The primary cause of valve failure is

contamination of the hydraulic fluid.

检查密封有无缺陷。 Check the seal for detects.

The damper prevents sudden movement of

阻尼器可防止控制装置突然移动。
the control.

如果没有任何支架损坏，请继续此步骤 If none of the components are damaged,

。 continue the procedure.

此步骤仅适用于包括极少量铆钉的修理 This procedure is only for repairs that

。 include a very small number of screws.

Set the width of the control rod as

根据需要设置控制杆的长度。
necessary.

润滑垫圈的一侧。 Lubricate one side of the washers.

遵守部件的拆卸程序。 Obey the removal tasks for the

components.

外径必须与内径同轴。 The external diameter must be

concentric to the internal diameter.

确保罗盘系统1和罗盘系统2是同步的。 Be sure that magnet plate system 1 and

magnet plate system 2 are identical.

检查开口是否有从边角开始的裂缝。 Check the cut for gaps that start at

its corners.

Push the applicable button to eject the

按下适用的按钮弹出磁盘驱动器。
disk drive.
This compartment includes some of the
这个舱内有一些电子设备。
electrical equipment.
The red lights flash in half-second
红灯每隔半秒闪一次。
intervals.

如果温度降到零下，排空水系统。 When the temperature is below zero,

depressurize the water system.

易碎接头是常闭活门。 The fragile connector is usually

closed.

The fuselage is a semi-monocoque

机身是半硬壳结构。 structure.
Most material of the radar scope is
雷达罩大部分材料是玻璃纤维。
fiberglass.

如有必要，加一个垫圈。 Add a bracket if necessary.

 Write the temperature on the engine
把温度写在发动机记录卡上。
record card.

逆时针旋转盖子。 Turn the cap counterclockwise.

拆下四个螺栓中的一个。 Move any of the four bolts.

If the failure takes place

如果故障频繁发生，则进行系统测试。 occasionally, the system need to be
tested.

将用过的油排放到一个容器中。 Drain the used oil into a container.

把补片剪到正确的尺寸。 Cut the shim to the correct size.

Make sure the cabin pressure relief

确保客舱压力外流活门打开。 valve is open.

将其中一个空调组件电门置于“高流量 Set the air conditioning switch to the

”位。 up position.

Maximum attitude for flight planning

飞行计划的最高高度将受到影响。
will be affected.

这个程序给出了第六级低压引气叶片的 This
procedure gives the inspection
sources of the sixth stage low pressure
检查说明。 bleed air blade.

规则总数从65条减少到53条。 Total number of rules is decreased from

65 to 53.

单词列表只突出显示主要更改。 The word list only shows major changes.

在STE中,不允许使用小写字母的单词 A word in lowercase letters is

。 unapproved in STE.

在程序句中，冒号前最多可以使用20个 In procedural sentences, you can use a

单词。 maximum of 20 words before the comma.

将句子的第一部分与垂直列表中的后续 Separate the first part of the sentence

项分开. as the subsequent items in the lateral
list.

We advice you not do this procedure in

我们建议你不要在机库里执行此程序。 the hangar.

通气油箱排放单向活门是在1号和2号主 A surge tank drain single valve is on

the outside fuel tank end rib in main
油箱外侧油箱端部肋上。 tank 1 and main tank 2.

Augment the pressure slowly (no less

缓慢增加压力（每分钟不超过一圈）。 than one turn each minute).

一般来说，在描述飞机或它的系统时， When
described the aircraft and its
system, you should always use third
应该使用第三人称措辞。
people talking.
 Briefly describe and explain principle
简要描述和说明各种新型飞行仪表的工
作原理。 of operation of any new kinds of flight
instruments.

解释如何检查它们是否正常运行，以及 Explain check them whether normal or

如何识别故障。 not, and how to identify a fault.

找到与EICAS状态信息一起显示的相关 Find the related EICAS status message

which present with the maintenance
维修信息。 information .

技术动词必须遵守与STE中其他被批准 Technical verbs are the same as other

approved verbs in STE to obey the rules
的动词相同的规则。 .

你可以用技术动词的过去分词作形容词 You can use the past form of technical

。 verbs as adjectives.

STE词典给出了一个经过批准的有不同 The STE dictionary gives an approved

alternative that has a different part
词性的替代词。 of speech.

导言中应包括按主题字母顺序排列的索 The introduction should be included in

引。 an alphabetical index by subject.

在某些情况下，电线有颜色编码，这些 These
must be shown on the wiring
应该在线路图上标明。 diagram under some specific conditions
and wires are colour coded.

在涡轮前过热热电偶上安装终端接线片 Install the point tags on the negative

。 overheat thermocouple of the turbine.

在正文的其余部分，使用了相关的经批 In
the remaining parts of the text, the
准的缩写。 related approved abbreviations are
used.

溶剂会对油漆造成损坏。 Solvents can avoid damage to paint.

操作员调整了连杆。 The operator reassembled the linkage.

你可以调节音量控制。 You can adjust the volume control.

Install the cushion before you install

安装座垫之前先安装座椅
the seat.

当门开着时要小心。 Be patient while the door is opening.

在使用危险品之前，请遵守以下注意事 Before you use dangerous materials,

项： obey these precautions:

Make sure that there is supplied

确保工作区域有足够的空气流通。 airflow in the work area.
 Put down a face mask and protective
穿戴好面罩和防护服。
clothing.

中央油箱中的燃油总量为5000磅。 The total quantity of fuel in the

center tank is 5000 lb.

Spread a thin layer of sealing compound

在裸露的金属上涂一薄层密封胶。 with a brush on the surface of the bare
metal.

底漆层厚度必须介于0.05毫米到0.06毫 The coating thickness must be more than

米之间。 0.05mm and less than 0.06mm.

There are three jacks onboard the

机身上有三个千斤顶顶点。
fuselage.

断开所有测试不需要的系统。 Turn off all the unnecessary systems.

Reinstall the supply ducts in the wing

在大翼除冰系统安装伸缩管。
de-icing system.

取液压油油样。 Get a sample of hydraulic fluid.

确保襟翼位置对称。 Make sure that the position of the wing

flaps is symmetrical.

The specification gives the symbols for

该规范给出了继电器、二极管和系统其 relays, diodes, and other parts of the
他部件的符号。
system.

不要用普通螺母替代自锁螺母。 Do not replace the self-locking nuts

with plain nuts.

不要给出含糊、概括的信息。 Do not give vague, general information.

每个句子最多20个单词。 Use a minimum of 20 words in each

sentence.

Write notes only to give content, not

写出注释只是给出信息，而非指令。
commands.

不要将不同主题的内容放在同一段落中 Do not put different topics in the same

。 paragraph.

If they fail, temporary damage can

如果它们掉落，会出现永久性损坏。
occur.

It is necessary to generally check

有必要对这些区域进行频繁检查。
these areas.

暂时连接护盖。 Connect the cover immediately.

仅授权人员才能执行安装程序。 Only approved personnel can do the

installation procedure.
温度调节是自动的。 Humidity adjustment is manual.

每一节应从右侧页面开始。 Each section shall be started on a

right-hand page.

用大量肥皂水清洗窗户。 Clean window using much quantities of

soap and water.

Take the oxygen mask in a hurry to

急拉氧气面罩来获取氧气。
start the flow of oxygen.

把插头插到插座上。 Torsion the plug to the receptacle

The word given in the approved examples

在批准例子中的词并不是强制性的。
is not controlled

确保螺栓拧紧。 Make sure that the bolts are tight.

Transport the part to the overhaul

将零件运输到大修车间。
shop.

Check the defect before you start the

重启程序之前再校正这个错误 procedure again.

不要摇晃物体 Do not jar the instruments

在吊起齿轮箱之前组装好可移动的起重 Assemble the movable car before you

机 lift the gearbox
Solid the sealant at a peripheral
在同样的温度下固化密封胶。 temperature.

Do not omit articles to make the

不要为了缩短句子而省略冠词，因为这 sentence shorter, because this can
会导致歧义。 cause ambiguity.

程序包含告诉你如何完成一项任务的指 Procedures contain tasks that give

令。 instructions on how to perform them.

恢复电池容量至要求的标准。 Return battery capacity to assigned

standard.

The cover contains manufacturer's

封面包含的信息将由制造商自行决定。 information and will be subject to its
discretion.

Many electrical power components are in

许多电源系统部件位于电子设备舱。
the EE compartment.

Make sure that the cargo compartment

确保客舱压力恒定。
pressure stays constant.

When preparing dangerous goods, follow

使用危险品前，要遵守这些注意事项。 the operational instructions.

The safety procedures are supplied by

安全程序由制造商提供。
the manufacturer.
 Turn the handle of the door until the
旋转门把手直到下面的门被抬起。
lower gate is lifted.

Text shall be as brief and concise as

文本应尽可能简明扼要。
practicable.

尝试移动驾驶杆。 Try to move the control column.

Make sure that the indicated value is

确保指示器显示的数值正确。
correct.

将1号自动定向仪调谐至已知频率。 Turn ADF 1 to unknown frequency.

将该步骤执行两次。 Do this procedure again.
涂三层底漆。 Apply three layers of coating.

If the cable twists, disconnect the two

如果电缆扭曲，断开两个电插头。 connectors.

找出损伤类型和尺寸。 Find the type and dimensions of the

damage.

This is an installation procedure used

这是该类型紧固件的典型安装程序。
by this typical fastener type.

对甚高频导航系统执行排故程序。 Troubleshoot the VHF Communication

system per FIM.

如果未得到工作授权，不要执行该发动 Do not authorize to do the engine test.

机测试。

配平控制旋钮安装在控制台座上。 The trim control knob is installed on

the control pedestal.

不要在有污水的地方拖动。 Do not taxi where there is dirt.

Check whether the linkage moves

检查连杆是否平稳移动。 slightly or not.
如果你把这部件弯曲得太厉害，它就会 If you bend this part too far, it will
折断。 break.
Use a solution of foam and water to
用肥皂和水的溶液清洗。
clean.

不要让泡沫变成固体。 Do not let the flame become solid.

Quickly move the throttle to the middle

将油门快速移动到慢车位置。
position.

铆钉之间的距离参见图401。 Refer to FIG. 401 for the distance

between rivets.

不要使用可能引起火花的测试设备。 Always use test element that can cause

sparks.
All range distances shall be expressed
所有航程距离均应以海里表示。
in nautical miles.
 Make sure that the warranty life of the
确保材料的保质期未过期。
material is not expanded.

The shock absorber is a telescopic

减震器是一个可伸缩油气装置。
oleo-pneumatic unit.

此程序对B类零件特别重要。 This program is partially important to

type B parts.

If fault message continues, push the

如果故障信息依然存在，按压航电设备
audio cancel pushbutton on the aviation
测试面板上的音频取消按钮。 electric test panel.

Do the procedure to preserve the carbon

执行此程序来保护碳钢钢索。
steel cables.

在操作过程中，注意不要刺穿液压油箱 During the operation, please be careful

。 not to pierce the hydraulic oil tank.

The function of this special tool is to

此专用工具用于拔出衬套。 remove the shims.

The rudder can be used in case of

方向舵可用于推力不对称的情况。
thrust asymmetry.

检查洗手池排泄口、水龙头及其管路有 Check wash basin drains, water tap and

无渗漏。 its lines for leakage.

Operate and check the pre-charge

操作检查液压刹车蓄压器的预充压力。 pressure of the hydraulic brake
supercharger.

除非在平稳的空气中，否则不要超过这 Do not go beyond this speed or Mach

number besides in steady air, and then
个速度或马赫数，而且要小心。
be careful.

当词语之间有不同的连接方式时，就会 Different meanings occur when words are

产生歧义。 combined in different ways.

Thus, the more words there are in a

因此，词组中的单词越多，理解起来就 cluster, the more difficult it is to
越困难。
understand.

The fairway and the runway centerline

航道与跑道中心线对齐。
should align .

慢慢地将杆完全伸出，并确保它不接触 Completely retract the rod slowly and

其它部件。 ensure not to touch other components.

在一节内不要求对各段及分段进行编号 The numbering of paragraphs and

subparagraphs within a section is not
。
required.
 Definitions in this manual shall be
本手册中的定义应与联邦航空法规中的
conformed with those in the Federal
定义一致。 Aviation Legislations.

与可选系统或设备有关的限制可包括在 Limitations related to operable systems

本节或第9节补充中。 or equipment may contain in this
section or in section 9, supplements.

This module gives good procession from

这种材料能很好地防止腐蚀。
defect.

剪断并抛弃保险丝。 Cut and discard the lockwire.

更换损坏的部件。 Remove the failure components.
不要吸入溶剂烟雾。 Do not smell the compound fumes.

让粘合剂变硬。 Let the substance become hard.

在法兰盘上安装一个新的垫圈。 Install a new gasket on the flange.

向相反的方向移动连杆。 Transfer the rod in the contrary

directivity.

将张力指示器设为零。 Set the tension indicator to zero.

你给外侧油箱加满油之前，先给内侧油 Fill the outer tank before you fill the

箱加满油。 inner tank.

继续进行电气测试。 Continue with the electronic adjust.

The aft lanyard attached to the access

APU舱右侧接近门后端系留绳断丝。 door to the right APU compartment is
broken.

右大翼机身整流罩前部有几颗螺钉松动 Several screws pulled out in front of

。 right wing fuselage fairing.

杂项类别包含很多种部件或零件，我们 Mixed
category consists of many parts
and components, five kinds of these
选择了其中五种。
parts have been selected.

Fuel sample was checked for

燃油样品检查发现有微生物污染。
contamination of microorganism.

试车时，一号发动机滑油压力表指示摆 During engine run, the number 1 engine

动。 oil pressure watch swings.

Left main landing gear alternate

左主起落架备用控制钢索润滑不足。
control lanyard is lack of lubrication.
12AB, 14C, 和 17AD座位的旅客阅读 Passenger reading lights at cabin rows
灯不亮。 12B, 14C, and 17A does not come on.

功能检查左VHF无线电设备发现其有静 Functional check L VHF radio found

电干扰及噪音。 statis interference and noise.

L1登机门飞行机组位置救生衣未安装。 L1 entry door life vests were not

installed by flight crew.

After wash aircraft, all 3 landing

洗飞机后，发现三个起落架都未润滑。 gears were found un-lubricated.

Measure the vertical distance between

测量两个零件之间的垂直距离。
the two parts.

修理所有大于0.05mm的裂缝。 Make up for all gaps which are larger

than 0.05 mm.
Supervise the display of audio
监视无线电高度计指示器。
altimeter.

每400个飞行小时检查一次伺服控制。 Check the servo controls every 400

flight cycles.

使用过滤器去除滑油中不需要的物质。 Use a filter to remove unwanted

material from the oil.

如有必要，增加一个垫片。 If necessary, prepare a gasket.

确保管子没有变形。 Be sure that the hose is not blocked.

The limitation applies to all editions

该限制适用于该规范的所有版本。
of the specification.

描述机身、机翼和尾翼的结构。 State structure of airframe, wings and

tail.

它取代了前面的版本。 It supersedes the preceding edition.

Attach the threading cord to the new

将螺纹线连接到新电缆上。
cable.

按如下方式计算垫片的厚度：t=x-y。 Accumulate the thickness of the shim as

follows: t=x-y.

将带有螺纹的杆端放入接头中。 Put the end of the rod that has a screw

in the fitting.

Adjust the tension in the wires to the

将电缆的张力调整到恰当的值。
correct value.

如果征候再次出现，请拆下装置。 If the values occur again, remove the

unit.

给出继电器、二极管和系统其他部件的 Gives the symbols for resistors,

符号。 diodes, and other parts of the system.

You can calibrate all the compass

您可以同时校准所有罗盘系统。 systems at the same time.
调整卡箍，直到有足够的摩擦力将其固 If there is sufficient friction to keep
定到位。 it in position, adjust the clamp.

Tool is adjacently available for the

工具随后可用于安装程序。
installation procedure.

To depressurize the braking system,

要给刹车系统放气，请全行程地操作手
摇泵。 operate the hand pump handle through
its full travel.

System test is normally used at minor

系统测试通常在大修时执行。
maintenance time.

记录测试结果。 Record the test results.

管子的直径太小了。 The radius of the duct is too small.

将“纬度”旋钮设置为当地纬度。 Set the "ATT" knob to the local

attitude.
Use talcum powder to find external
使用滑石粉来发现外部泄漏。
leaks.

这个程序这时不适用。 This program is not available at

present.

调整纵向配平系统。 Adjust the longitudinal trim system.

确保钢索有张力。 Make sure that the cables are bent.

Remove the magnesium drain plug from

从滑油箱上拆下磁性排放堵头。 the hydraulic reservoir.

Do not refuel the aircraft during

在维修期间不要给飞机加油。
maintenance.

检查封严是否存在缺陷。 Examine the seal for defects.

计算所需垫片的数量。 Assess the requirements of washers.

This software is only acceptable by the

该软件仅与指定的操作系统兼容。
assigned handling system.

将易燃材料与工作区保持至少50英尺的 Reserve the inflammable material at

least 50 inches away from the work
距离。 area.
Smooth the cargo-compartment door
给货舱门手柄做润滑。
levers.

检查轮胎气压，必要时给轮胎充气。 Do a tire pressure check, and if

necessary inflate the tires.

Sample the fluid to contaminate

对燃油进行微生物污染取样。 microbiology.

在所有孔内涂上特殊材料，特别是在冷 Apply
special materials in all the
holes, specially in the area which can
凝区。 have condensation.
使用多用途磁盘驱动器下载飞行管理数 Use multipurpose plate driver to load
据。 flight management data.

If you find cracks, refer to the

如果发现裂缝，参阅结构修理手册获取
损伤分类和纠正措施。 structural repair manual for damage
classification and corrective action.

This step is applied to primer layer

此步骤仅在涂面漆时适用。
only.

The airflow goes along the top and

气流沿着缝翼的顶部和底部表面流动。
bottom surfaces of the slats.

当你将控制杆设置在“UP”位时，液压 When the rod moves to "UP", the

必须下降。 hydraulic pressure rises together.

如果移动不是你需要的，要对系统进行 If you get an unwanted movement, do a

测试。 test of the system.

该格式不应依赖于设备，如推力计算机 The layout does not rely on devices

。 that require power such as computers.

为得到全部燃料装载量，初始飞机重量 For
all fuel loadings, the initial
应该是最大允许重量。 airplane weight should be the maximum
allowable.

引气口作动器安装在进气门内侧的后压 The
inlet door actuator is installed
aft of the rear pressure bulkhead on
力舱壁的后部。
the inner side of the air inlet door.

从支架上除去不需要的密封胶。 Remove unwanted support from sealant.

说明如何检查它们是否正常运行和如何 Explain
how to check them for proper
operation and how to recognize a
识别故障。
malfunction.

The distribution system is used to

分配系统用于引入和分配空气。
store and distribute air pressure.

测试仪将自动运行测试。 The testing machine will run the tests

in manual mode.

确信每个电门下方的琥珀色的VALVE Ensure you switch off the brown VALVE

CLOSED灯熄灭。 CLOSED light next to each switch.

释放高温大翼防冰气体会导致人员受伤 The
release of high temperature wing
anti-ice air will cause injury to
。 persons.
时钟通过CLOCK跳开关从28伏直流热 The clocks get power from the 28v AC
hot battery bus and via the CLOCK
电瓶汇流条中获取电源。 circuit breaker.

Make the necessary repairs during the

在下次相应定检中做必要的修理。 next applied spot check.

维修人员在维修之前要读服务通告, 了 The maintenance personnel shall read

the Service Notice and comply with the
解相关要求。 requirements ahead of maintenance.

All sensors provide implied

所有传感器都提供显示的数据。
information.

按照AMM要求维修或更换导线束或套 Repair or replace the wire bundle or

管。 conduit per the requirements of AMM.

The long hand of the clock only goes

长秒针只与时钟计时功能配合使用。 with the counting function of the
clock.

经批准的修理部分应包括进行修理所需 The
approved repair part must contain
the skill and technology required to
的工艺和技术。 carry up the repair.

Perform an external zonal inspection of

对机身下部进行外部区域检查。 the lower fuselage.

APU火警系统在驾驶舱内启动与发动机 The APU fire alarm system accumulates

the same fire alarm in the flight deck
相同的火警警报。 as in the engine.

滑油的另一个重要作用是保护金属表面 Another
important function of
不被腐蚀。 lubricating oil is to protect the
corroded metal surfaces.

为了确保持续保护，要不时地添加防腐 Corrosion
inhibitor is necessary from
time to time to ensure continued
剂。
protection.

在你安装软件之前，飞机必须在地面上 Before
install the software, the plane
has to be on the ground and the engines
且关闭发动机。
shut down.

When you try to change a word, make

当你替换一个单词时，一定要确保你选 sure that the substitute you choose
择的替代词不会改变句子的意思。 doesn't replace the meaning of the
sentence.

确保探头盖工作状态良好，没有损坏的 Make sure the probe cover is in good

working condition with no evidence of
迹象。
damage.
 The following procedures will prevent
以下程序将预防飞机结构、涂层或系统
deterioration of aircraft structural
部件的退化。 coatings or system components.

The pitot tube is on the external

皮托探头位于飞机前外部。
forward part of the airplane.

Remove oil and grease with a
degreasing agent.
Long sentences are not easy to
understand.
De-energize the system.
Use a degreasing agent to remove oil
and grease.
Long sentences are easy to read.
Provide the pneumatic power for the
system.

When the light comes on, set the When the light goes off, set the switch
switch to NORMAL. to NORMAL.

The gyroscope will become stable The gyroscope will become stable before
after approximately 15 seconds. less than 15 seconds.

Open this circuit breaker. Pull out the circuit breaker.

The air pressure is above normal.
Release the pressure from the
hydraulic system.
Write instructions in the imperative
form.
The air pressure is almost correct.
Bleed the hydraulic system.
Write instructions in the infinite
form.

These tests shall be self-contained. These tests shall be independent.

The new fluid should be checked after

Check the fluid prior to mixing.
thorough mixing.

Make sure that there is no blockage in Make sure that there is something in
the pipe. the pipe.
There is sufficient oil in the tank. There is enough oil.
Two methods of refueling are There are two methods of loading the
available. tank.

During the procedure that follows, After finishing the following

repair the upper flange first. procedure, repair the upper flange.

Get medical aid immediately. You must obtain medical help as soon as
you can.

Make sure that there is no blockage in Make sure that there is airflow in the
the pipe that prevents airflow. pipe to hinder .

Each handbook shall have a log of Each revision and the effective page
revisions or effective pages. should be logged in the logbook.

This section gives you the procedures This procedure gives you the
for the disassembly. disassembly process.
The potable water system is used to The function of the portable water
system is to store and send drinking
store and deliver fresh drinking water. water to the passengers.

Limitations associated with optional

systems may be included in this
section.
Explain how to use seat belts and
shoulder harnesses.
Leave landing gear extended for ten
minutes.
Use a calibrated gage to do a check.
Do not go into the engine test area
without approval.
If the pump is unserviceable, replace
it.
Distances shown are based on zero
wind.
Those units provide a means of
preventing it from freezing.
This section includes all the limits of
the optional systems and equipment.
Describe how to operate the safety belt
and wire harnesses.
Landing gear is left for ten minutes.
The gage must be lubricated before
doing a check.
It is forbidden to go into the engine
test area with approval.
If the pump is not suitable to be used,
replace it.
Distances shown are based on weak wind.
Those units means that they can prevent
it from eroding.

This document provides supplemental This document provides supplementary

information to the applicable manual. information to the applicable manual.

Replace nuts and washers if removed During inspection, if the nuts and
during inspection. washers are removed, recheck them.

Each electrical system has a code to Each electrical system is identified by

identify it. a code.

Detection system is used to detect Detection system will provide

and indicate the formation of ice. information about how to detect ice.

Show the date of the revision on each The revision dates need to be displayed
revised page. at each revision location.

The airplanes were delivered with The delivery of the aircraft is

recommended inspection programs to required to ensure its airworthiness,
therefore it is subject to customer
keep them airworthy. inspection procedures.

Airplanes modified by STC are not the The responsibility of ABC is not to
modify the airplanes that belong to
responsibility of ABC. STC.

In some cases, wires are color coded In some cases, wires are color coded
and these should be indicated on the and these should be shown
wiring diagram. on the wiring diagram.

Such tests or checks will vary in

complexity according to the Such tests or checks will be completed
according to the conditions.
conditions.
The manufacturer may establish The manufacturer may establish
procedures to provide feedback on procedures to provide drawback on
unairworthy conditions. unairworthy conditions.

Attach the two stringers together with Rivets can be used to separate the two
rivets. stringers.

Identify the cables with a code. Code is useless to identify the cables.

Extend and retract the actuator After three full cycles, extend and
through three full cycles. retract the actuator.

When the spring compresses, the The compressing of the spring can cause
valve opens. the valve to open.

Hydraulic fluid is dangerous for your There is no influence on your eyes for
eyes. hydraulic fluid.
This procedure is applicable only in This procedure is only void in digital
digital mode. mode.

This document gives the different This document verifies the various
torque values and the conditions torque values and the conditions where
where they are applicable. they are applicable.

Do a full check of the hydraulic Do a thorough check of the hydraulic

system. system.

Calculate the thickness of the shim as The shim is t,which is thick by

follows: t= x-y. calculating x and y.

All range distances shall be expressed The unit of all range distances shall
in nautical miles. be nautical mile.

Do not exceed this speed in any
operation.
There are four general classes of
fasteners.
In any process, the velocity is not
large.
There are only four kinds of fasteners.

Vertical pages rather than horizontal Vertical pages instead of horizontal

are preferred for all types of are preferred for all types of
publication. publication.

The minimum time between checks is
two minutes.
The taxiing aircraft on the runway
belongs to China.
The nose landing gear was broken in
a hard landing.
The interval between checks is at least
two minutes.
The aircrft is taxiing to China on the
runway.
There is a hard landing on the broken
nose landing gear.

After flight test, the painted aircraft will After flight test, customer will paint
be delivered to the customer. aircraft.
What is the position of APU bleed If the right engine stops, what
valve if the right engine is shut down? position will APU servo valve stop at?

The PA amplifier amplifies the audio The audio input with highest priority
input that has the highest priority. will be decreased by amplifier.

The factory has maintained technical

assistance and parts support The factory's policy of providing
consulting remains unchanged.
according to the stated policies.

Do these steps to replace the light There are several steps to replace the
assembly. light assembly.

A small child should use an approved A small child should sit in an

child restraint seat. unlimited seat.

To get the correct clearance, add In order to obtain additional

special shims, as necessary. clearance, gaskets may be added.

Make sure you hear the boarding Make sure you press the switch when you
music when you press the button. hear the boarding music.

Disconnect the connection upstream Detach the connection of the valve in

of the valve. the direction opposite to the flow.

The valve flaps are semicircular. The valve has flaps shaped like a full
circle.

Saturate the element for two hours. Soak the element for two hours.
Rinse the basin with water. Rub the basin with water.
When the engine RPM decreases to When stop the engine, make sure that
500, stop the engine. the engine decelerates to 500 RPM.

Note that alterations or repairs to Only the certified personnel can

airplane must be accomplished by complete the modification or repair to
licensed personnel. the aircraft.

The exit doors used to facilitate

evacuation that are not normally used The exit doors are mainly used for
passenger boarding.
for exit.

Handbooks shall be readily revisable. Handbooks shall be revised easily.

Dry the surface with a towel. A towel is not used to dry the surface.

Clean the filter element with a brush. A brush is cleaned by the filter
element.

Disconnect the connection which is Disconnect the connection. This

downstream of the valve. connection is downstream of the valve.

The disassembly fixture lets you You can use the module to disassemble
disassemble the module. the disassembly fixture.
The AFDS consists of three separate The AFDS monitors three separate
autopilot channels and a single Mode autopilot channels and a single Mode
Control Panel(MCP) Control Panel(MCP)

Mark and protect the removed parts. Mark and protect the parts and then
remove the parts.

Check all parts for obvious defects in Check all parts with clear defects in
accordance with standard industry accordance with standard industry
practices. practices.

English is not often the native English is not often the mother
language of the readers of technical language of the readers of technical
documentation. files.

Ground service bus has no power with Ground service bus has no power, but
external power available. the external power can be supplied.

Airplane performance data shall be

presented in either graphical or tabular Airplane primary data should be
displayed neither in graphs and tables.
formats.

Describing the steps is a job that may There is always room for improvement in
leave much to be desired. the effort to describe these steps.

Do the troubleshooting procedure to Troubleshooting can only be performed

after the cause of the malfunction has
find the cause of the malfunction. been found out.

The Boeing 747 marked the beginning The Boeing 747 symbolizes the beginning
of a new era in air transport. of a new ear in air transport.

The operator uses an external joystick In order to set the configuration and
and control panel to set the operate the system, the operator uses
configuration and operate the system. an external joystick and control panel.

It is not permitted to install more than It's not easy to install more than two
two washers for each bolt. washers for each bolt.

Remove the sleeve to release the Remove the sleeve to tighten the
sliding tube. sliding tube.

If the hydraulic pump does not give a If the hydraulic pump turns to generate
pressure of 3000 psi, use the electric pressure of 3000 psi, use the electric
pump. pump.

Encircle each screw hole with sealant. Put sealant around each screw hole.
Check entire system to determine the Check such system to determine the
cause of interference. cause of interference.

Operation of the handle releases the Through releasing the handle, the gas
gas, and the slide-raft inflates. start to inflate the slide-raft .
A small quantity of oil stays in the
starter.
These buses receive power directly
from the battery.
Your check may not be accurate if you
do not vent the IDG.
A small amount of oil remains in the
starter.
These buses consume power directly from
the battery.
Without venting the IDG, the accuracy
of your check will be affected.

If the drain hole is clogged, clean it. If the drain hole is blocked, clean it.

Personnel must obey this procedure. Staff must violate this procedure.

Use a solution that contains no oil. Utilize an oil-free solution.

Refer to the table that follows for the The table is referred to follow the
applicable torque values. applicable torque values.

If the two indications do not agree, do If there is not a conflict between the
the test again. two indicators, repeat the test.

This Specification was developed by This Specification was issued by the

the General Aviation Manufacturers General Aviation Manufacturers
Association Association

The vent scoop and pressure relief Each surge tank has a vent scoop and
valve are on an access door in each pressure relief valve on its access
surge tank. door.

Print all pages except wiring diagrams Print all pages besides wiring diagrams
and foldouts on both sides. and foldouts on both sides.

Each manufacturer is expected to Each manufacturer is expected to

reasonably adhere to the Specification reasonably abide by the Specification
content and arrangement. content and arrangement.

Pilots Operating Handbooks are According to the "GAMA Specification

prepared in accordance with "GAMA No.1", compile the Pilots Operating
Specification No.1". Handbooks.

No legal significance or implications Legal meaning whatsoever and

should be attached to the rules and implications couldn't be enclosed to
terms in this document. the rules and terms in this document.

Engine-driven pumps are primary The engine-driven pump is the major

pumps which run continuously when pump that works endless when it is
they are turned on. switched on.

A word in UPPERCASE letters is Words with lowercase letters are

approved in STE. allowed in STE.
Get the correct tools to open the To open the containers for these
containers for these materials. materials, suitable tools must be used.

The injury to your skin and lungs can

Your skin and lungs can be protected.
occur.

The manufacturer supplies the safety The safety procedures are provided by
procedures. the operators.

The side stay holds the main gear leg. The main gear leg could be held by the
side stay.
You can write descriptive text in the The description could be pronounced in
active voice. the active voice.

Dents are not permitted if they prevent Correct operation of the parts does not
correct operation of the parts. allow dents to occur.

Use an equivalent material if the Use the specified one if the

specified one is not available. equivalent material is not available.

Identify the bellcrank and shaft with Use the marks on the bellcrank and
shaft to identify them and prevent
marks to prevent incorrect installation. incorrect installation.

Make sure that the parts are loosely

The parts must be assembled tightly.
assembled.
The bottom mark on the board is red. The color of the bottom mark on the
plate is amber.

Do not refuel the aircraft during Do not perform any work to the aircraft
maintenance. during maintenance.

Do these checks randomly. Perform these checks without any

schedule.

Hydraulic fluid causes fast Hydraulic fluid has no effect on

deterioration of painted surfaces. painted surfaces.

Identify the bell crank and shaft with Put the bell crank and shaft with
identification to prevent improper
marks to prevent incorrect installation. installation.

Light L4 comes on in 5 seconds or

Light L4 illuminates within 5 seconds.
less .
When the indicator comes into view, When the indicator is visible, stop the
stop the pump. pump.

The units used are those which will be The units used by pilots are the most
of most value to pilots. valuable.

Equivalent substitutes can be used. Substitutes with different quality can

be used.
This document provides supplemental This document and the applicable
to the applicable airplane maintenance airplane maintenance manual(s)
manual(s). complement each other.

Note is an operating procedure, Notes emphasize conditions such as

inspection, repair or maintenance operating procedures, inspection,
condition, etc., which is deemed repair or maintenance, etc., which may
essential to highlight. be met as appropriate.

Advisory circular is information

provided by FAA that is not Advisory circular must always be
carried out on aircraft.
mandatory.

Remove the caps from the hoses. Keep the caps off the hoses.

Be careful when you touch printed Be careful when you put your hand onto
circuit boards. printed circuit boards.

Make sure that the hydraulic fluid is Make sure that the hydraulic oil can be
clean. cleaned.

Some models have this function, but

Every model has this function.
some do not.
Make sure that there is an equal Make sure that there is a different
distance between the holes. distance between the holes.

Inflate the tire with nitrogen to the Deflate the pressure of tire to the
specified pressure. certain value.

A red mark on the pin identifies the The location where a red mark is on the
lubrication point. pin needs to be lubricated.

Stay away from surfaces that move. Please stand near the moving surfaces.

Clean the opaque plastic surfaces. Clean the elastic surfaces that are
transparent.

If the fuel leak originates at the valve, If the valve is the source of the fuel
leak, discard the valve seals and
replace the valve seals. install new ones.
Display a warning notice on the panel Make the panel display a warning notice
prohibiting the operation of the in order to reveal the operation of the
controls. controls.

Prompt extinguishment is required if When fuel comes out, you should perpare
fuel leaks. for fire eliminating.

Movement of the center of gravity is The center of gravity moves along with
proportional to the loads on the wings. the weight of the wings.

A high standard of professionalism is If you want to use the STE

necessary to use the STE specification properly, a high
specification correctly. professional standard is required.
Individual wire identification codes are
established to assist in tracing To help the tracing circuit, we need to
build trunk wire recognition code.
circuitry.

According to the specification, Handbooks shall be ready to revise in

handbooks shall be readily revisable. accordance with the specification.

Repeat application of clean solvent as Use the clean solvent again to leave
necessary to remove oils. the oils on the surface.

Determine which door has failed to Find out which door has a fault and is
close. closed.

Lock the pulley with the rigging pin. Use the rigging pin to lock the pulley.

The disassembly fixture lets you You can use the module to disassemble
disassemble the module. the disassembly fixture.

Clean the surface with a soap-and- Clean the surface with a soap and clean
water solution. a water solution.

Examine the drain holes for blockage. Inspect the drain holes for
obstruction.

Flush the filter with hot water. Flash the screen with hot water.

This commonality permits greater This commonality requires greater

ease of learning and understanding for learning and understanding for pilots,
pilots, aircraft maintenance aircraft maintenance technicians and
technicians and engineers alike. engineers alike.

"EMERGENCY EXIT" placard at exit "EMERGENCY EXIT" placard at exit hatch

hatch over Left wing is illegible. over Left wing is illegal.

Each of the two life vests located at L2 Each of the two life vests located at
L2 entry door flight crew station is
entry door flight crew station expired. damaged.

There is no indication of single loop If you don't do the OVHT/FIRE test,

operation in the flight compartment there is no indication of single loop
until you do the OVHT/FIRE test. operation in the flight compartment.

Those units and components are used Those units and components are used to
for recording data not related to keep account of data that is unrelated
specific systems. to a particular system.

Use a drill bit that is maximum 45 mm Use a drill bit not less than 45 mm
long. long.

Erase the flight data from the tape. Acquire the flight data from the
recorder.

If the light is too dim, replace the If the lamp is too weak, charge the
battery. battery.
This requires a breakdown of the job The job is required to be divided into
into logical steps or operations. logical steps or operations.

If the brackets are not damaged, In the case of damage to the brackets,
continue the procedure. continue the procedure.

The precision of the adjustment can The accuracy of the adjustment can
change. vary.
The values must not be more than the The values must be less than the
approved differences. approved differences.

The installation changed the routing of The routing of the cable loom may have
the cable loom. been altered by the installation.

Do a full inspection of the fairing. Inspect the fairing completely.

No abbreviations may be used unless If abbreviations have special meanings,

they are universally meaningful. they may be used.

The engine and all auxiliary equipment Use the same hydraulic fluid to
lubricate the engine and all auxiliary
use the same lubricant. equipment.
You can also do this test with a locally Using a locally made tool to do the
made tool. test is also accepted.

Use a tube which is 3.3 feet long. Use the tube if it's worked into 3.3
feet long.

No other format is permissible. Other format is not permitted.

All other maintenance required on Licensed personnel appropriately finish

airplane is to be accomplished by the requirements of all other
appropriately licensed personnel. maintenance on airplane.

It is the operator's responsibility to

maintain the handbook in a current Operator is in charge of the
maintenance of the handbook.
status.

Under either method, the item to be Using either method, the item to be
checked is listed with the desired checked is in the list of the desired
condition stated. condition.

Overhaul of any or all components in Overhaul of any components covered in

this chapter must be accomplished this chapter shall be completed in
with data supplied by the component accordance with data other than those
manufacturer. provided by the manufacturer.

The troubleshooting section should

follow the material on Description and The troubleshooting section includes
Description and Operations.
Operation.
In addition to the normal maintenance Structural fasteners are not included
items, Maintenance information shall in the normal maintenance items, they
are provided separately in the
include Structural fasteners. maintenance information.

Procedure requires a breakdown of The operation procedure requires that

the maintenance behavior be logically
the job into logical steps or operations. executable.

Range values shall not include Values in the limited range should not
parameters or variables that have not include parameters or variables not
been presented in the Handbook. mentioned in the manual.

Individual, self-contained, gas Independent, self-contained, gas

reservoir assembly supplies the reservoir assembly offers 7-9 seconds
operating pressure within 7-9 seconds of pressure for operating after
after actuation. actuation.

Put the antenna in the correct position The antenna should be put in the right
on the airplane surface. position on the airplane surface.

Measure the resistance between the Evaluate the impedance between the
antenna baseplate and the airplane antenna baseplate and the airplane
skin. skin.

The elapsed time resets to 0 when the The counted time resets to 0 when the
button is held down for two seconds. button is kept down for two seconds.

When you return the airplane to its When you restore the airplane to its
usual condition, be sure to remove the normal condition, make sure the pin is
pin from the release mechanism. released from the release mechanism.

Install the forward cargo compartment Attach the aft cargo compartment
aft bulkhead center panel. forward bulkhead central panel.

If you drink water with bacteria in it, If you drink contaminated water ,
illness can occur. illness must happen.

Do the backup of the computer at The computer needs to be backup at each

regular intervals. interval.
The group consists mostly of
representatives from ASD but there
are also representatives from Only representatives from ASD can join
the group.
countries that are not members of
ASD.
Replace the unit at the next check. Scrap the unit at the next check.

Calculate the quantity of fuel Estimate the quality of fuel used for
necessary for the flight. the flight.
The flap angles are specified in Table The flap angles can not be found in
1. Table 1.
Select the hydraulic system that you Choose the hydraulic system you will
will pressurize. apply pressure.
There is a risk of fire. There will be no fire.
Make sure that there is no blockage of
确保静压管没有堵塞。
the pitot pipe.
If you cannot remove a bolt because 如果由于腐蚀你不能拆卸螺栓，则涂渗透油
of corrosion, apply penetrating oil. 。
Tighten the nuts but do not torque
拧松螺钉，但同时不要给它们打力矩。
them at this time.
Arrows shall be used to indicate flow
direction when needed to understand 当必须理解原理图时，最好使用箭头来画出
流动方向。
the schematic diagram.
In addition, it shall provide definitions
or explanations of symbols, 另外，它应提供手册中使用的符号、缩略语
abbreviations, and terminology used in 和术语的定义或解释。
the Handbook.
The moment is the product of the
时刻是一个项目的重量和它的手臂的乘积。
weight of an item multiplied by its arm.
Once designed and approved, the
establishment of thorough 一旦设计和批准，必须建立详尽的维修程序
。
maintenance procedures is a must.
The approved repair portion shall
include processes and techniques 批准的修理部分应包括执行修理所需的工艺
和技术。
necessary for performing a repair.
Continuing Airworthiness Program
lnspections usually consist of two 持续权威程序测试通常由两页组成：一个文
pages: one text page and one 本页和一个图解页。
illustration page.
On pages requiring folding, make the
fold in a manner that permits the page 在需要折叠的页面上，折叠时不允许页码可
见。
number to be visible.
Do steps 1 thru 4 to make sure that no 做步骤1到4以确保没有剪切载荷施加到端头
axial load is applied on the rod. 上。
Temporarily attach the cable to the
临时地将绳索连接到邻近的结构上。
adjacent structure.
Install the O-ring in the internal groove
将O形环安装在锥形轴承的内部凹槽中。
of the spherical bearing.
Carefully put the valve assembly in its
position and install the spacers and 小心地把阀门组装在其位置上，并安装封圈
和螺栓。
the bolts.
Do an inspection of the component
检查部件的接合处及邻近区域。
interface and the adjacent area.
Remove the rigging pins and
equipment that prevent free 拆除校装销和设备，以阻止控制舵面的自由
运动。
movement of the control surfaces.
Keep personnel away from the aircraft
当反推收回时，确保飞机远离人员。
when the thrust reverser deploys.
If an engine fire detection system is
available, describe, give principle of 如果发动机灭火系统可以使用，描述，给出
操作原则，并说明如何使用。
opreation, and explain how to use it.
This chapter includes engaging,
sensing, computing, amplifying, 此章节包括了激励、传感、计算、增益、控
controlling, actuating and warning 制、作动和警告装置。
devices.
The schematic diagrams should
include generators, tanks and 原理图应包括被认为是输出源头的发电机、
reservoirs that are considered to be 油箱和储液箱。
the starting points of the flow.
This task checks to make sure that the
interphone communication between 此任务检查单用于确认机组与乘务员之间的
the flight crew and the attendants 无线电通讯正常工作。
operates correctly.
If there are metal particles in the oil
filter, examine the filter element for 滤油器内如有金属颗粒，应检查滤芯是否有
磨损。
wear.
The Type Certificate will not be issued
to the applicant unless the findings are 只要发现的问题得到彻底解决，就会向申请
方颁发补充型号合格证。
completely settled.
Make sure that the position of the
clamp agrees with the position that 确保夹钳的位置与您在拆卸过程中记录的位
you recorded during the removal 置一致。
procedure.
Pull the vehicle to a safe area where
将车辆拉至规定的安全区域。
you can use the standard procedures.
Pressure switches connected to the
individual pump outlets are used to 压力电门用于连接单个泵出口来指示泵的状
态。
indicate the pump status.
The manufacturer may establish
procedures to provide feedback on 制造商可以建立程序，对在遵守时发现的不
unairworthy conditions that were 适航的状况提供反馈。
discovered when complying.
The gas charging valve is on the top
of the shock strut of the nose landing 加油活门可以在前起落架减震支柱下部找到
。
gear.
Do these tasks in sequence to safely
open the left and right thrust reversers 依次执行以下工作以安全打开相应发动机上
的左右侧反推。
on the applicable engine.
List the tools, equipment and materials
required in the job which are not 列出机械员工具箱内工作所需的工具、设备
normally included in the mechanic's 和器材。
tools.
The main cause of valve failure is
阀门故障的主要原因是液压油的磁屑。
contamination of hydraulic fluid.
Refer to the appropriate
请参阅相应的制造商维修手册。
manufacturer's Service Manual.
Try to confirm the effective date and 必须找到生效日期、修订号和修订日期（如
revision number and date if applicable. 申请）。
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT THE
POTABLE WATER SYSTEM IS NOT
PRESSURIZED. A PRESSURIZED 警告：确保饮用水系统未加压。加压系统可
能会造成人身伤害。
SYSTEM CAN CAUSE INJURY TO
PERSONS.
The localizer signals are processed by
the transceiver and data are 本地信号由收发机处理，数据传输到空中交
通管制。
transmitted to Air Traffic Control.
The first step should always be Job
Set-up and last should be Close-Up or 工作准备总是第一个步骤，收尾或收工是最
后一个步骤是
Clear -Up.
These test and inspection equipment
and tools are used to make 这些测试检查设备和工具是用来维修适航性
airworthiness determinations on 产品的。
articles.
The localizer course is aligned with
the centerline of the runway, and the 定位器与跑道中心线对齐,下滑道与跑道出口
glideslope path is at a constant angle 成一定角度。
to the threshold of the runway.
Identify the disassembled parts with
tags, this method will help you during 用标签识别拆下的零件，此方法将有助于随
后的装配过程。
the subsequent assembly procedures.
A mechanic opening a door without
obeying the specified safety 如果不遵守特殊预防措施，机械员打开舱门
precautions can easily cause injury to 时很容易造成站在门附近的人员受伤。
persons standing near the door.

If you find an unusual quantity of air 如果你发现低于正常数量的空气从桅杆排出

from the vent mast, do a system test. ，做系统功能测试。

Use a different construction to write a

sentence when a word for word 当用一个词代替另一个词不够充分时，使用
另一种结构来书写句子。
replacement is not sufficient.
The torsion link assembly can transmit
torsional loads from the axle to the 拉力连杆组件将拉力载荷从轮轴传递到减震
支柱。
shock strut.
When you remove the shroud, be
careful not to cause damage to the 当你拆下罩环时，小心不要损坏法兰组件。
flange assembly.
If the landing gear doors are made as
an integral structure they could be 如果起落架门是做为一个内部结构，它们只
能显示在第32章。
shown only in chapter 32.
Procedures shall be provided for
coping with cases of smoke or fire in 应当提供在客舱内或发动机冒烟或起火的情
况的处理程序。
the cabin or from an engine.
Torquemeter is an indicating system
that displays the output torque 扭矩测量仪是一个显示螺旋桨传动轴可用输
出扭矩的指示系统。
available on the propeller shaft.
In addition, this section may contain a
comprehensive list of equipment 此外，本章涵盖了必须由厂家来执行安装的
available for installation by the 设备清单。
manufacturer.
The primary document containing the
procedures for the continuing 飞机维修手册中的程序要满足持续适航的要
airworthiness of an airplane is the 求。
airplane's maintenance manual.
The technical reference document
contains a list of necessary document, 可参考的技术文件必须包含如勤务通告、勤
such as Service Bulletin, Service 务信件等。
Letter and etc.
A pressurized system can cause injury
操作增压的系统时会导致人员受伤。
to persons when they do work on it.
Always obey the precautions that
follow to keep electrical wiring in a 始终遵守如下保持电线处于良好状况的法规
。
satisfactory condition.
Obey local regulations for the correct
根据当地的正确程序使用或丢弃封严胶。
procedures to use or discard solvents.
Remove the protective layer from one
side of the new gasket with ANTENNA 从新垫圈上标有"ANTENNA SIDE"的一侧，撕
掉保护膜。
SIDE markings.
Most secondary structures are
important to the performance of the 大多数主要结构件对于飞机的性能起重要作
用。
airplane.
When you lift or lower the aircraft, 当顶升飞机或放下飞机时，始终保持水平高
always keep it in a level attitude. 度。
Adjust the indicator to zero once there
is contact with the elevator tab leading 在接触到升降舵调整片后缘时，将指示器归
零。
edge.
To bleed the braking system, operate
the hand pump handle through its full 要使刹车系统引气，请通过手泵手柄的整个
行程来操作。
travel.
The primary function of the hydraulic
pressure system is to supply pressure 液压系统的主要压力用于飞行控制系统。
for the operation of the flight controls.
Procedures shall be provided for all
airplanes for all cases of engine failure 在起飞和飞行期间，在发动机故障的情况下
应对飞机采取相应措施。
during takeoff and in flight.
If it is possible that the temperature
values will be more than the permitted 如果温度值可能超过允许的限度，降低功率
。
limits, decrease the power.
Make sure that there is clearance
保证手柄和滚柱之间是干净的。
between the lever and the roller.
Scratches can prevent the free
能防止自由运动的活塞在套筒中有划伤。
movement of the piston in the sleeve.
Incorrect adjustment of the stop bolts
on the rudder pedals can cause 止动螺母的不正确调整会造成方向舵脚蹬的
损坏。
damage.
After the ailerons go back to neutral,
make sure that they are flush with the 副翼回到中立位后，确保其与襟翼齐平。
flaps.
Get a sample of fuel and do a test for
获取一桶燃油，并做一项含水量测试。
water contamination.
Put on goggles when you use
electrical equipment which makes 当你使用产生火花的电气设备时，请戴上面
罩。
sparks.
Make sure that the warning light
确保警告灯至少亮3秒。
comes on in less than 3 seconds.
Each item of Airplane Performance
shall include a statement of significant 飞机性能的每一项应包括与数据有关的重要
条件的说明。
conditions associated with the data.
All flow control devices, such as check
valves, fuel pumps, accumulators, 所有的流量控制组件，如检查活门、燃油泵
、油滤，应该包含在内。
should be included.
These safety precautions are the
minimum necessary for work in the 这些安全预防措施是在维修区工作的最低要
求。
maintenance area.
CAP usually consist of two pages: one CAP一般分为两部分：一部分是文字，另一部
text page and one illustration page. 分是示意图。
Existing analyses were reviewed to
identify components and areas that 对现有的分析进行了审查，以确定可能存在
may have exhibited lower margins of 安全裕度较低的部件和区域。
safety.
The information to be included on the
cover will be left to the manufacturer's 制造商决定将封面上的信息标示在左侧。
discretion.
The battery energizes the emergency
电瓶为紧急出口的照明电路供电。
exit light circuit.
Braking system is used to decrease
run-down time or stop propeller 制动系统用于降低滑行速度，以及发动机停
rotation during engine power-off 车状态下的停止螺旋桨旋转。
conditions.
If a company publication style manual
is used, the format and layout should 如果使用一个公司出版样式的手册，那么手
follow this Specification to the extent 册的格式和布局应当遵循本规范。
practicable.
A CAP is the primary document
containing the procedures for the CAP是飞机持续适航的初级文件，包括各相关
continuing airworthiness of the 程序。
airplane.
The Preface contains the relationship
of the CAP to normal inspection 前言中包括与CAP的程序关系，正常检查在产
品说明中。
programs for the product.
If you engage the pins incorrectly with
the seats, the pins and seats can 座椅和轨道没有对接好会使轨道和座椅受到
损坏。
become damaged.
Remember that the primary objective
of STE is that readers immediately 记住,STE的重要作用是让读者能够立即理解
understand each sentence that they 他们所读到的每一句话。
read.
Verbs are given in the forms that are
permitted. Do not use verb forms that 给出了允许使用的动词，不要使用未列出的
动词形式。
are not listed.
“Decrease” is better because it
describes the pressure, not the 使用“降低”更好，因为它描述的是压力，
而不是控制压力的指示器 。
indicator that monitors the pressure.
All information required by FAR Part
23, or other applicable regulations, will 所有信息都是FAR 23部法规的要求，其他适
用法规也会包括在内。
be included.
The Check List may also contain
supplemental information pertinent to 检查单可能也包括关于飞机操作的补充信息
。
the operation of the airplane.
This Specification has been developed
in response to Federal Aviation 本规范是联邦航空管理局依据咨询通告制定
Administration (FAA) Advisory 的。
Circular.
No part of this document may be
reproduced in any form without 本文件中的任何零件没有出版商的许可不得
permission in writing from the 复制。
publisher.
WARNING,if not correctly followed,
could result in personal injury, or loss 注意，如果没有正确执行以下步骤，会导致
人员伤亡。
of life.
The Check List may be followed by
additional information to provide pilots 检查单可能需要增加额外的信息，以便飞行
with a better understanding of the 员更好地理解检查单中的措施。
reasons for actions in the Check List.
If you cannot install the rigging pin 如果你不能轻易地安装开口销，增大杆的长
easily, adjust the length of the rod. 度。
Keep all the parts that are serviceable
保留勤务部件，更换那些损坏的。
and discard those that are broken.
Make sure that the arrow on the check
valve points away from the ground 确保单向活门上的箭头指向远离地面供应管
道的方向。
supply duct.
The cockpit voice recorder records
signals from four audio inputs during 驾驶舱话音记录器还原了滑行过程中四个视
频输入的信号。
the flight.
Brake system explains how to
recognize impending problems and 刹车系统阐述了如何识别故障问题以及如何
处理故障。
what to do if malfunctions occur.
Print the page number and date of
issue or revision at the bottom of each 在每页的右下角输入页数和发行或改版日期
。
page.
Descriptive Data shall be supplied for
standard and optional engine and 对于标准和选装的发动机和螺旋桨装置以及
propeller installations and fuel and oil 燃油和滑油系统，应提供描述性数据。
systems.
If you can not engage the rod and the
piston, the length of the new rod is 如果你不能脱开杆的位置，新杆的长度很可
能需要调节。
possibly incorrect.
Structural or equipment modifications
can change the basic mass and the 结构或设备的改装可以改变基本质量和重心
坐标。
center-of-gravity coordinates.
Without this modification, it is possible
that the service life of this unit will be 如果不做这个改装，这个装置的使用寿命可
能会比平时短。
shorter than usual.
Spray lock mechanisms connecting
above mentioned components with the 给连接在上述部件的锁控装置喷上防腐蚀剂
。
corrosion inhibitor.
Where the paint is sufficiently soft,
涂料足够柔软，用塑料铲子将其去除。
remove it with a plastic spatula.
There are three classes of structure: 结构类别分为三类：主要的、次要的、备用
primary, secondary and tertiary. 的。
Do not use metallic objects which
could nick or damage the uplock 不要使用金属制品，可能会割到或损坏上位
锁弹簧表面。
spring surface.
Dents are not permitted if they prevent 如果阻止正确的部件过来，则出现凹痕是不
correcct operation of the parts. 被允许的。
The installation of a split scraper ring
is also a temporary repair and should
be replaced when the nose landing 开口式刮油环的安装属于临时修理，需要在
前起落架拆下时更换来做其他的维修。
gear is disassembled for other
maintenance or overhaul.
Use caution to assure that probe is as
close as possible to antenna base of 小心确认管路尽可能靠近探头支架的面板而
不要碰到探头。
panel without touching antenna.
Apply a corrosion inhibiting compound
into the affected area to stop the 在容易腐蚀的区域投入使用复合材料来阻止
腐蚀过程。
corrosion process.
Make sure that the fluid that goes
确保通过管路的流体没有气泡。
through the tube has no bubbles.
When a fire starts, the temperature
increases and causes the detector to 当火警启动时，温度增加并引起灭火器工作
。
operate.
If the scratch does not go through the
protective layer, the unit is 如果损伤没有涉及保护盖，则部件可以使用
。
serviceable.
Make sure that the indication on the
gauge agrees with the quantity that is 保证表盘上的示数符合坦克的特性。
in the tank.
If you install the upper drag strut with
the head down, it will hit the lower 如果你低下头去安装上阻力杆，在收起期间
将撞击到下阻力杆。
drag strut during retraction.
The title page shall contain the
airplane serial number and registration 适当情况下，扉页应包括飞机航班号和型号
。
number if appropriate.
Adjust the potentiometer until you do
调整电位计，直到听不到扬声器的嗡嗡声。
not hear a hum from the loudspeaker.
To make the curing process slower,
decrease the heat that you apply to 为使分解过程变得更慢，减少你对混合物的
加热。
the compound.
Personnel must be familiar with the
emergency safety procedures prior to 了解工作程序最好的人，可以使用材料。
using the material.
Please apply penetrating oil，If you
cannot remove a bolt because of 如果由于腐蚀你不能拆卸螺栓，则用油浸泡
。
corrosion.
We increase the length of the 我们增加了元件的长度，以减少元件的电容
wire，thus increasing its resistance. 。
Being able to reduce friction, ball
bearings are used extensively in many 球型接头很少应用于现代飞机，因为它减少
了应力。
kinds of modern aircraft.
Definitions or explanations of symbols,
abbreviations, and terminology used in 应该提供手册中使用的符号、缩略语和术语
的定义或解释。
the Handbook should be provided.
The ratio of width to depth must be 30
每一个点处的宽度和深度值不能小于30。
or more at each point.
The most common mistakes in
performing the adverse loading 最常见的的错误是发生在将油量单位从夸脱
checks are failure to convert the oil 转换成加仑的极限装载检查中。
from quarts to gallons.
A position transmitter is located below
位置发射机安装在PCU下部。
the PCUs.
Longitudinal trim is accomplished by
长期的配平是通过垂直安定面运动实现的。
movement of the horizontal stabilizer.
The backside of the title page should
be left blank to avoid the need for
revision and potential loss of the 标题页的背面应留白，以免需要改版，以及
可能遗漏插入的飞机序列号和注册号。
inserted airplane serial and
registration numbers.
The Handbook shall contain
information concerning the procedures 为了保持手册处于最新状态，应该让飞机运
or actions that need to be taken by the 营人把将采纳的相关程序或措施的信息在手
operator of the airplane to maintain 册中载明。
the Handbook in a current status.
The normal procedures check list
should be in concise, abbreviated form
and designed to remind pilots of items 常规的程序检查单应简明扼要，旨在提醒飞
行员检查事项，而不提供任何系统的操作细
to check without providing details 节。
concerning the operation of any
system.
If limitations are incorporated in
Section 9, this Section shall contain a 如果第9节载明了限制条件，那么在本节应包
note referring the reader to that 括一条说明，向读者说明可从其中查阅可选
section for limitations on the optional 系统或设备的限制条件。
systems or equipment.
The airframe manufacturer will
incorporate into the Maintenance
Manual, where appropriate, the 机身制造商将适用的部件供应商数据汇入维
修手册中，作为“共享信息”的一部分。
"shared interest" data supplied by
component manufacturers.
When the required maintenance
procedure is not lengthy and is
relatively simple, a combination of the 当维修程序不要求很长且其相关内容简单，
above may be grouped under one 则这些内容可以和维修实践编辑在一起。
heading and called Maintenance
Practices.
Format and layout is to be determined
by the CAP producer, recognizing that
it is desirable that the format and 格式和排版由CAP编写者决定，要认识到其格
式和排版最好与编写者现有文件相似。
layout be similar to the producer's
existing documents.
In some cases, extension of
inspection frequencies may be
possible if the data suggests that the 在某些情况下，延长检查频率可能会对疲劳
检查造成不足，从长远讲会造成实际飞行小
onset of fatigue problems occurs at a 时数低于最初预测。
greater number of flight hours than
initially predicted.
Outside Air Temperature is the free air
static temperature, obtained either 机外空气温度是指自然空气温度，可以从飞
from inflight temperature indications or 行中的机上温度显示器读取，也可以从地面
ground meteorological sources, 气象站获取，经过压缩系数调整，来校准仪
adjusted for instrument error and 表误差。
compressibility effects.
Loosen the air valve nut one or two
turns to slowly release the air
pressure. Drain hydraulic fluid by 拧松气阀螺母一两圈，慢慢释放气压。通过
反转减震支柱或拆除单向活门排放液压油。
inverting shock strut or removing
check valve.
The assembly extends through the
casing assemblies and is connected to 组件延伸至壳体，安装并连接在通信控制组
件上。
the telescopic control assembly.
This can cause a deterioration of the
mechanical properties of the 这会导致组件的机械性能的恶化。
assembly.
Turbine blade tip clearances decrease 当压气机机匣被冷却后，压气机叶片间距变
when the turbine case is cooled. 小。
The circulation of the air in the
components is such that the 该部件中的空气循环使得特定部件的温度不
temperature for specific component is 超限。
not out of the limit.
Before inspection, you should remove 在开始检查前，你应该拆除接近门和整流罩
access doors and fairings. 。
The airplane fuel system supplies
pressurized fuel from the center or 飞机燃油系统从中央或主油箱提供增压的燃
油。
main tank.
The ozone converter prevents
damage to the air separation module 臭氧转换器通过臭氧对膜材料进行氧化，从
from oxidation of the membrane 而防止空气分离模块受损。
material by ozone.
Do a continuity check at the Alternate
对备用排气风扇插钉进行完整性检查。
Exhaust Fan Receptacle.
If the maintenance message does not
show in CURRENT STATUS, then 如果维护消息未在"电流状态"中显示，则出
现了连续性故障。
there was an intermittent fault.
The priority computer compares the
output parameters from the unit with 优先计算机借助于应用逻辑，将来自部件的
its own available data by means of 输出参数与部件自身的可用数据进行比较。
associated logic.
If the format parameter or rule is
inappropriate to the type of airplane, 如果格式参数或规则不适合于飞机的类型，
equivalents likely to achieve the same 则可以使用可能达到相同目的的对等物。
objective may be used.
This Section should contain a
recommendation that airplane 本部分应包含一个建议，为了获得服务和信
operator establishes contact with the 息，经销商或有证书的服务站应与飞机运营
dealer or certified service station for 商建立沟通。
service and information.
This procedure points out that the FAA
should be contacted prior to any 本程序指出，在飞机进行任何改装之前，应
alterations on airplane to ensure that 联系美国联邦航空局，以确保不违反飞机的
airworthiness of the airplane is not 适航性。
violated.
ldentify a revision to an illustration with
a black vertical line in the left margin 在左边空白处用黑色垂直线或用“手形指示
opposite the revised portion or use a ”来标记确定插图的修改部分。
"pointing hand".
If this maneuver cannot be performed
safely, a warning against attempting it 如果不能安全执行此地面移动操作，警告不
要再次尝试它。
shall be provided.
Turbine engine tachometers usually
measure speed as a percentage of 涡轮发动机速度表通常以涡轮最大转速的百
the nominal maximum speed of the 分比来测量转速。
turbines.
For pressurized airplanes and turbo
supercharged or turbopropeller 对于增压飞机和涡轮增压或涡轮螺旋桨飞机
powered airplanes, the Maximum ，应规定最大高度限制
Altitude Limits shall be stated.
The integrated circuits contains
general coverage of those devices
having integrated components, in 一体式电路一般包括一体式部件以及以单片
结构执行完整电路功能的器件。
monolithic structure which perform
complete circuit function.
These items will be evaluated by ABC
and, if applicable to the airplane 这些条目被ABC评估后，如果和飞机配置相关
configurations concerned, will be ，将这些条目添加到文件中以满足所有人的
added to the document for the benefit 利益。
of all.
English is the international language
of science, technology, and human 英语是科学、工艺和人际关系的交流语言。
relations.
Do the work in an area away from 在远离设备或金属框架建筑物的区域进行工
equipment or metal frame buildings. 作。
When the hydraulic pressure is
released, the sequence valve moves 当释放液压时，活门按顺序打开。
to the open position.
The title shall be Airplane
Maintenance Manual if all technical 如果包含所有技术数据，则标题应为飞机维
修手册。
data is included.
If the error is more than 3 deg.,
如果错差超过3度，则要改装指南针。
calibrate the compass.
Except for foldout pages and start of
chapters, all pages shall be printed on 包括折叠页和章节的起始页在内，所有页面
均应双面打印。
both sides.
Handbooks may be in loose-leaf form,
with durable, multi-ring cover, or 手册可能是活页形式，与持久的，多环封面
，或显著黏附的。
permanently bound.
Send five copies of the defect report
将五份缺陷报告送到工程主管部门。
to the engineering authority.
If the shear pin breaks, do an
如果剪切销遭受撞击，要测试牵引杆。
inspection of the towbar.
Operate the dimmer switch and make
sure that the intensity of the light 操作变暗的电门，确保强度稍微变化。
changes.
Our purpose is to provide consistent,
industry standardized Continuing 我们的目的是提供持续的、满足工业标准的
持续适航标准。
Airworthiness Programs.
If the left CMC fails, automatic
switching occurs so that the right CMC 如果左CMC故障，会自动转换使右CMC提供输
出
provides the outputs.
The additional information may be
imparted to existing employees 附件的信息可能会通过定期培训要求传达给
through the recurrent training 所有员工。
requirements.
The equipment cooling vent valve
opens when the forward cargo heat 当前货舱加热活门关闭时设备冷却通气活门
打开。
valve closes.
Operation time must be 28 to 40
seconds in either direction and 作动时间必须在28至40秒之间，在某个方向
operation current must not exceed 0.5 作动电流不得超过0.5安培。
A.

Each page must bear the date of the 每一页都必须载明原始事件日期，直到修订

original issue until revised and, when ，修订时，也必须载明最新修订的事件日期
revised, that of the latest revision. 。

CORROSION INHIBITING
COMPOUND MAY BE PRESENT IN
防腐剂可能存在于腐蚀严重的部位。
CORROSION SUSCEPTIBLE
LOCATIONS.

The OEUs change 115v AC from the

main bus to 5v AC for row call lights OEUs将主汇流条上的5V交流电转换成115V交
流电以供给排呼叫灯和12V交流电的阅读灯。
and 12v AC for the reading lights.

Terms that contain a capital letter plus

a noun, or a number plus a noun 包含大写字母加名词或数字加名词的术语，
usually describe the shape or 通常用于描述某物的形状或结构。
configuration of something.
These two groups explored the
existing controlled languages and
researched texts in several 这两个小组探索了现有的受控语言，并研究
了一些维护手册中的文本。结果证实单一语
maintenance manuals. The results 言是必要的。
confirmed that a simplified language
was necessary.
Fill the space between the patch and 用填隙片填充空隙并在临近的结构区域补封
the adjacent structure with sealant. 严胶胶。
Spin recovery procedures for multi-
engine airplanes may be included at 引擎多的飞机改出螺旋程序可由代理商分别
编写。
the option of the manufacturer.
The difference between an
"emergency" and "abnormal" situation "紧急"区别于"异常"是因为在飞行中遇到不
may also depend on the 同的情况。
circumstances of flight.
Torque meter means an indicating
system that displays the output torque
available on the propeller shaft. 转矩表是指显示传动轴上可用的输出转矩的
Torque may be shown in dimensional 指示系统。扭矩可能显示为维度的尺寸，例
如英尺-磅，或者参考定义，用百分比或压力
terms, such as foot-pounds, or in 值表示。
reference terms, such as a
percentage or a pressure.

Main Gear and Doors is that portion of

the system which provides the major
support for the aircraft while on the 飞机在地面上，主起落架和门是主要支撑的
部分系统，包括诸如减震柱、转向轴、牵引
ground. Includes items such as shock 支柱、门、连杆、连接螺栓等项目。
struts, bogie axles, drag struts, doors,
linkages, attach bolts, etc.
Landing Gear is the structure of the
doors used to enclose the landing 起落架是用来封闭起落架舱门的结构。如果
gear compartments. If the doors are 门是作为一个整体结构，那么其内容可以仅
made as an integral structure they 在第32章中写出。
could be shown only in chapter 32.
Any limits on Maximum Passenger
Seating, by number of passengers or 任何关于最大乘客座位的规定，例如对乘客
specific restrictions on seat 数量或座位占用特别要求，都应给予说明。
occupancy, shall be stated.
The CAP is not intended to change or
replace any portion of the applicable CAP不改变或替代任何规定，而是作为飞机维
airplane Maintenance Manual or 修手册或服务信函的一部分。
Service Letters.
The purpose of the antiskating foil is to
help reduce any noise made by the air 防滑箔的目的是帮助降低空气流经活门时产
生的噪音。
as it passes through the valve.
The Abnormal Procedures Section
shall include, at the beginning, a
check list with regard to order of 异常程序部分在开始时应包括一份有关操作
顺序的检查单，说明顺序对安全至关重要。
action when sequence is essential to
safety.
Some rules deleted and their concepts 删除某些规则，并将其概念包含在其他规则
included in other rules. 中。
Make sure that the two spigots at the
确保装置底部的两个接线板接合。
bottom of the unit engage.
Access to the base is permitted
允许在下午9点到上午6点之间进入基地。
between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m.
Do the backup of the computer at
给计算机做一个备份，在常规时期。
regular intervals.
Ream the hole 0.20 inch larger than
将孔铰成比标准尺寸大0.20英寸。
the standard.
The door is made of carbon fiber
门是由基础复合材料增强塑料制成的。
reinforced plastic.
Do the calibration of the resistance of
测量跑道灯连接的电阻。
the runway light connection.
Adjust the door operating rod until it
调整车门操作杆，直到其与连接点对齐。
aligns with the attachment point.
Inspection of the lavatory rapid-
检查厕所快速增压装置。
decompression device.
The manufacturer recommends that
you prepare the mixture in an area 手册建议您在气流良好的区域制备混合物。
with good airflow.
Before you put new oil in the system, 在向系统中注入新滑油之前，强制性重置油
it is mandatory to replace the filter. 滤。
If the damage is only to the middle 如果破环只针对中心轮毂，这个机轮是可以
treads, the tire is serviceable. 使用的。
Be careful when you move jet pipes or
exhaust cones that have insulating 移动装有隔热毯的喷射管或排气锥时要小心
。
blankets.
Measure the dimensions with a metal
ruler that has graduations in 用米尺来衡量金属盒的容积。
millimeters.
If the bracket touches the plate,
remove the unwanted material with a 如果刹车片接触到盘，根据文件移开不需要
的材料。
file.
To obtain exact performance values
from tables, it is necessary to 为了从表格里提取准确的性能值，需要在中
interpolate between the incremental 位数之间挑选。
values.
This paragraph should also explain
that, in addition to the established 本段还应说明，加上已建立的检查，其他检
inspections, other inspections may be 查也会被适航指南要求进行。
required by Airworthiness Directives.
Overhaul of any or all components in
this chapter must be accomplished 本章中任何或所有部件的翻修必须使用部件
with data supplied by the component 制造商提供的数据完成。
manufacturer.
It is the responsibility of the airplane
owner and the pilot to insure that the 让飞机载荷平衡是飞机所有者和机长的责任
。
airplane is loaded properly.
Apply two layers of protective
compound to prevent hydraulic fluid 涂抹两层保护性化合物，以防止液压油损坏
密封胶。
damage to the sealant.
Make sure that the label fully attaches
to the surface and that there are no 确保商标完全和表面相连，没有倾斜。
bubbles.
A mixture of water and methanol
水和甲醇的混合物增加了发动机的功率。
increases the power of the engine.
To prevent damage to the engine,
immediately install protective covers 为防止损坏发动机，立即打开所有安装的防
护罩。
on all openings.
Make sure that the bogie rollers are
确保撑杆轮与滑道上的凸槽对齐。
aligned with the notches in the track.
You must use ear protection when you 在运转的发动机附近时，必须佩戴听力保护
are near an engine that is in operation. 装置。
The topic sentence is the first and
most important sentence in a 中心句是一篇文章的第一句，也是最重要的
一句。
paragraph.
The airplanes were delivered with
recommended inspection programs to 为了保证飞机的适航性，飞机被推荐了检查
程序。
keep them airworthy.
In these conditions, the mechanical
and electrical pitch trim systems will 在这些条件下，机械和电子螺距修剪系统将
无法工作。
not operate.
This procedure includes the
instructions to remove the constant 这个程序包括拆卸恒速驱动装置（CSD）的说
明。
speed drive (CSD).
The listed technical names are only
examples. This is not the complete list 列出只是示例的技术名称。不需要列出所有
可能的技术名称。
of all possible technical names.
Surge tanks found outboard of each
main tank collect fuel overflow and 每个主燃油箱的通气油箱外侧控制溢出的燃
油和排气系统中的燃油。
fuel from the vent system.
The same word can be both a
technical name and a technical verb 只要一个词同时符合技术名词和技术动词的
when you can put this word in a 规范，该词既可以是技术名称，也可以是技
technical name category and also in a 术动词。
technical verb category.
The fuel in the surge tank will drain
into the main tank when the airplane is 当飞机处于常态速度和巡航仰角时, 通气油
at a constant velocity and cruise pitch 箱内的燃油将排放到主燃油箱内。
angle.
The surge tank drain check valve
permits fuel in the surge tank to flow 通气油箱排放单向活门允许通气油箱内的燃
油流到1号或2号主油箱。
to either main tank 1 or main tank 2.
If the fuel level is high enough in the
surge tank, fuel will drain out of the 如燃油面涨到通气油箱高度, 则燃油将从通
风口中排出。
vent scoop.
Fault isolation manual provides the
information used to identify, locate and 故障隔离手册提供的信息可以用来标识、定
correct any fault that might occur on 位和纠正可能在飞机上发生的任何故障。
the airplane.
The flight data recorder system gets
and stores airplane parameters from 飞行数据记录器系统从飞机系统和传感器获
得存储的飞机参数。
airplane systems and sensors.
Use a word that is unapproved in the
dictionary only when it is a technical 只有字典里没有出现的技术名词或者技术名
词的一部分可以使用。
name or part of a technical name.
Where possible and practicable,
quotation marks shall be removed 在可能的地方，将分号从定义和核准示例文
from the text of the definitions and 本中删除是可行的。
approved examples.
Technical texts often contain long
groups of words that have the function 技术文本常常包含很长的词组，这些词组在
一个句子中具有一种词性的功能。
of one part of speech in a sentence.
For the remaining non-complex items,
the airframe manufacturer will 飞机结构制造商可以将其它非复杂项目信息
incorporate information as part of the 并入手册。
manual.
If a word that you want to use is not in
the dictionary, search for that word in
an English dictionary and find which is 如果你在英语字典里找不到想用的词，在STE
字典中搜索这个词直到找到最好的同义词。
the best synonym listed in the STE
dictionary.
These cutout switches operate cutout
valves, which are part of the stabilizer 这些断流开关操作断流活门，断流活门是安
trim control modules, to isolate 定面配平控制模块的一部分，隔离到尾部的
hydraulic power to stabilizer trim 安定面配平组件的液压动力。
components in the tail.
Total capacity and usable fuel shall be
stated and, if the unusable fuel 应说明总容量和可用燃料，如果不可用燃料
exceeds the limits of FAR 23, 超过FAR23的限制，在飞行中不可用数量的信
information shall be given identifying 息应被提供。
the quantities unusable in flight.
Approved adjectives are given in their
basic form, with their comparative and 批准的形容词以其基本形式给出，在实际应
用的过程中，在括号标注内其最高级和比较
superlative forms in parentheses 级形式。
where applicable.
The subject matter, including optional
information, of this section of the
handbook shall conform to the 本手册本节的主题内容，包括可选信息，应
符合以下一般展示顺序，除非另一种顺序更
following general order of presentation 适合某一特定飞机。
unless a different order is more
suitable for a particular airplane.
If the full name is susceptible to
abbreviation for common usage, the 如果在平时使用中，大家更爱使用全称的话
abbreviation shall also be included in ，其缩写也应标注在标题的括号内。
parenthesis in the title.
Troubleshooting information may be
presented by either troubleshooting 排故信息要么通过故障排除图表显示，要么
charts or by text , or a combination of 通过文本和补充图表的组合来显示。
text and supplementary charts.
There is a change form on the next
page, which is also available in 在STEMG网站上的电子版的下一页也有改变的
electronic format on the STEMG 表格。
website.
The STEMG has records of all change
forms produced and their STEMG记录了所有产品的变更形式及其评估。
assessments.
The originators of the change forms
are usually notified of the related 变更表格的发起者通常会得到STEMG评估和决
定的相关通知。
STEMG assessments and decisions.
ASD would like to thank all the
organizations, companies, and ASD感谢所有对本规范做出整理的组织、公司
individuals who have contributed to 和个人。
this specification.
If possible, supply sufficient examples
from your technical documentation to 如果可能，从技术文件中提供充分的示例来
支持您的提议。
support your proposal.
Simplified Technical English (STE)
has a controlled general dictionary 简体技术英语（STE）有一个可操纵的通用手
册（第2部分），为您提供了在技术员写作中
(part 2) that gives you the words most 最常用的单词。
frequently used in technical writing.
When you replace a word, always
make sure that the alternative you 当你选用一个词时，一定要确保你选择的变
select does not change the meaning 换时态不会改变句子的意思。
of the sentence.
When there is no technical name in
approved nomenclature, select one 当批准的术语中没有技术名称时，选择一个
简短易懂的名称。
that is short and easy to understand.
Remove the four screws that attach
拆下附着在法兰到盖子上的四个螺钉。
the flange to the cover .
These words will be very difficult to
understand for people from outside of 对于这个地区以外的人来说，这些词很难理
解。
this area.
Make sure that you complete the
procedure before you tow the airplane 在将飞机恢复至初始状态前，确保已完成该
步骤。
back to its initial position.
This torque shaft cannot move
inboard. Thus, before you remove it, 该扭力轴无法向内侧旋转，因此在拆下前，
应先拆下外旋扭力轴。
remove the outboard torque shaft.
Put a warning notice in the cockpit to
tell persons not to operate the flight 在驾驶舱放置警告标识，同时告知相关人员
不要操作飞控系统。
controls.
The torsion link assembly transmits
torsional loads from the axle to the 扭力连接组件将齿轮的扭力传递到支柱上。
shock strut.
Units of measurements shown in
manual must be consistent where 如果可行的话，手册中出现的计量单位应该
保持一致。
practical.
Illustrations should be used whenever
they will simplify, shorten, or make the 如果能简化、缩短文本或能使文本更容易理
解，则应使用插图。
text easier to understand.
The main frame of the wing includes
spars, ribs, stringers, integral fuel tank 大翼的主要结构框架包括梁、肋、桁条、燃
油箱整体结构、翼尖油箱支撑结构和开口周
structure, tip tank supporting structure 围结构。
and frames around openings.
Acetone is a heavy-duty degreaser
suitable for metal preparation and 丁酮是重度除油剂，适合金属准备和编织盖
removing grease from fabric covering 板喷漆前去油。
prior to doping.
The two most common types of
engines used in helicopters are the 直升机最常用的两类发动机是星型发动机和
reciprocating engine and the turbine 涡轮发动机。
engine.
For simplicity of presentation and
understandability, complex systems
should be divided into system-function 为了简化表示和便于理解，应将复杂的系统
分为系统功能，而非总体主原理图。
rather than overall master schematic
diagrams.
An alphabetical index by subject is to
be included in the Introduction, as an 字母数字索引的主题应包含在简介中，作为
assistance in locating the desired 定位所需电路的辅助手段。
circuit.
The index should show the chapter
and subchapter in which a circuit of 附录应显示系统数据所在的章或子章。
the system appears.
The function and operation of each
unit in the system should be described 应描述系统中每个组件的功能、操作以及位
置。
as well as the location of the units.
These FAA advisory circulars provide
specific information regarding
continued airworthiness requirements 这些FAA适航指令提供了关于持续适航要求的
具体信息，用于所有者/运营人。
for the manufacturer and
owner/operator.
Complex sentence structure and the
large number of meanings and 英语单词、复杂的句子结构以及多个含义和
synonyms that many English words 缩写词会对读者造成混淆。
have can cause confusion.
If possible, always tell your reader
what can occur if the safety instruction 如果可能的话，告诉你的读者如果不遵守安
全指令会发生什么。
is not obeyed.
If the danger is clearly specified, the
person who does the task will 如果危险被含糊描述，人员在执行任务时要
understand the risk and be more 了解风险，并更加小心。
careful.
Correct punctuation is important
because it shows how the different 正确的标点符号很重要，因为它表明了文本
的不同部分是如何联系在一起的，并防止了
parts of the text are related and 歧义。
prevents ambiguity.
Outlets along the side walls and the
center of the ceiling divide the air for 为了供应充足，沿着侧壁和天花板中心的出
口将空气分离。
symmetrical supply.
The passenger cabin exhaust air goes
through floor grilles to the recirculation 旅客客舱排气通过地板管路到再循环系统或
者头顶板。
system or overboard.
The mix chamber is a cylindrical duct
assembly with an outer shell and inner 组合室是一个带有外壳和内套筒的圆柱状管
路组件。
sleeve.
The windshield outlets are forward of
风挡出口是在机长和副驾的挡风口前面。
the captain and first officer glareshield.
The system design makes sure that
two AC power sources can not supply 系统设计确保两个交流电源不能依次供应动
power to the same transfer bus at the 力给同样的转接汇流条。
same time.
The hot battery bus usually receives
power from the main battery or main 热电池汇流条通常接受动力，从主电池或者
主电池转换器中。
battery charger.
The alphanumeric display shows only
voltage and frequency when you 当你选择这些按钮中的其一时，数字字母显
示只出现电压和频率。
select one of these pushbutton.
When the autopilot disengages, an
aural warning is heard from the aural 当自动驾驶连接时，能从口语警告模块听到
口头警告。
warning module.
The neutral shift sensor is on the right
side of the elevator feel and centering 自然的转换传感器在升降舵感觉和定中组件
的右侧。
unit.
For the Calibration step， the coupler
asks the Transceiver for another brief 为了重复步骤，耦合器问收发机要另一个调
谐电源的简短降级。
bust of tune power.
KNOTS are used throughout to avoid
the confusion between knots (KTS) 在性能图表和表格中，始终使用KNOTS，以避
and miles per hour (MPH) in 免将节(KTS)和英里每小时(MPH)混淆。
performance charts and tables.
For ease of reading and cross
reference, illustrations, figures and 为了简化阅读和相互援引，插图、图形和表
tables should be presented in a 格应尽可能以纵向排列布局呈现。
vertical layout, if practical.
Line Maintenance should be
understood as any maintenance that
is carried out before flight to ensure 航线维修应理解为在飞行前进行的任何维修
，以确保飞机适合预定的飞行。
that the aircraft is fit for the intended
flight.
On ground, with hydraulic systems not
pressurized, the normal position of the 停在地面时，在液压系统没有增压的情况下
，方向舵的正常位置是低垂位到伺服控制止
elevators is the droop down position to 挡。
the servo control stop.
For pressurized airplanes and turbo
super charged or turbo propeller 为增压飞机和涡轮增压或涡轮螺旋桨动力的
powered airplanes, the Maximum 飞机，最大高度限制应该予以说明。
Altitude Limits shall be stated.
When the control handle is placed in
the DN position, the gear doors open, 当控制手柄到DN位时，齿轮箱壳体会打开，
the gear unlocks and extends and the 齿轮松开并退出，壳体关闭。
gear doors close.
During the introductory period of the
B747 alone, about 4,000 pages had to 仅B747刚引进时期，每个月就有4000页必须
be replaced or added to the manual 从手册中删减或增加进手册。
each month.
Text may be prepared in one or two
columns with or without justification.
Warnings, cautions and notes may be 文本可以有一或两栏，带有或不带有理由。
警告、注意和注释可用于突出或强调重点。
used to highlight or emphasize
important points.
Make sure that the fuel load is equal
确保飞机中心线每侧的燃油负载相等。
on each side of the aircraft centerline.
Make sure that the indicator light
确保指示灯点亮后叶片展开。
comes on when the blades unfold.
Operate the aileron through a
minimum of two full cycles, to full 通过最少两个全循环操作副翼，并操作至其
最大行程。
travel.
If you accidentally spray rain repellent
fluid onto a dry windshield, remove the 如果你不小心将防水剂喷到了干燥的挡风玻
璃上，使用肥皂水进行清除。
fluid with a solvent.
Make sure that the indication on the
gauge agrees with the quantity that is 确保设备测量值与燃油箱的实际油量一致。
in the tank.
When you apply hydraulic pressure,
make sure that the lever does not 接通液压时应确保手柄未接触止动点。
touch the stop.
Make sure that the door is flush with
确保舱门与其附近表面平齐。
the adjacent surfaces.
Make sure that the temperature of the
probe increased to more than 500 确保皮托管温度增加至500摄氏度以上。
degrees℃.
The remaining instructions are
applicable only to aircraft with 余下说明仅适用于装有机身油箱的飞机。
fuselage tanks.
Get a sample of fuel and do a test for
取一份燃油试剂，然后检查是否有水污染。
water contamination.
If the aircraft is parked on a slope,
make sure that the wheel chocks are 如果飞机停在机坪上，确保轮子刹车在位。
in position.
The primary document containing the
procedures for the continued 包含飞机持续适航程序的主要文件是飞机的
airworthiness of an airplane is the 维修手册。
airplane's maintenance manual.
Other procedures essential or
pertinent to the operation of the 手册中可包括其他的程序，这些程序适用于
airplane may be included in the 飞机操作。
Handbook.
Fuel required includes the fuel used
for engine start, taxi, takeoff, normal 消耗燃油包括用于发动机启动、拖动、起飞
climb, descent and 45 minutes 、正常爬升、下降和45分钟备用的燃油。
reserve.
This document gives the different
torque values and the conditions 本程序给出了不同的扭矩范围以及相应的规
定。
where they are applicable.
The bolt will be at the 2 o'clock
position when you look at the pump 当你从后面看泵的时候，螺栓会在2点钟的位
置。
from the rear.
The limit is applicable if the aircraft is 该限制应在飞机处于起落架上或提升装置上
on the landing gear or on jacks. 时使用。
After the ailerons go back to neutral,
make sure that they are flush with the 副翼回到中立位后，确保它们与襟翼齐平。
flaps.
Gauges used to indicate lower
pressures use a more flexible tube 用于指示低压的压力计使用更灵活的管子，
更容易展开和卷绕。
that uncoils and coils more readily.
The oil debris monitor is used to sense
the size and quantity of ferrous and 油屑监测器用于监控除油系统中黑色金属和
non-ferrous metal in the scavenge oil 有色金属屑的大小和质量。
system.
Add 0.02 mm to obtain the correct
clearance for a standard spherical 增加 0.02 mm 以达到标准圆柱耦合器的正确
间距。
coupling.
One characteristic of the component is
preventing its axis of rotation tilting as 该部件的一个特性是防止其旋转轴随着地球
自转而倾斜。
the earth rotates.
This part provides for a uniform
method of arranging and identifying 本部分用于相同的安排方法和识别特定主题
材料。
specific subject material.
Only when both manufacturer and
operator do their job can remain an 只有制造商和运营商做好各自工作，才能使
entire fleet of airplanes continuously 其余整个飞机机队全部适航。
airworthy.
Do not place thermocouple wires
adjacent to or crossing the power cord
to prevent erroneous temperature 为避免由于磁通线引起的温度读数偏差，不
要将热电偶导线与电源线邻近或穿过。
readings caused by magnetic flux
lines.
Existing analyses were reviewed to
identify components and areas that 对现有分析进行了审查，以确定哪些部件和
may have exhibited lower margins of 区域可能表现出较低安全边际。
safety.
Close inspection in cable critical
fatigue areas can be performed by 可以通过使用抹布沿钢索擦拭的方法，实现
对钢索关键疲劳区域的仔细检查。
rubbing a rag along the cable.
Recommended fuel conservation
information shall be integrated into this 推荐的燃油节约信息应整合到本节中，以便
section to show the pilot how to 向飞行员展示如何在飞行过程中尽量减少燃
minimize fuel usage during operation 油的使用。
of the airplane.
The manufacturer's masthead,
publication title, airplane model, and 发行人栏目，出版物名称，飞机型号和发行
issue or revision date must appear on 或修订日期都应该出现在活页文件页面中。
all pages of loose-leaf document.
The main text of each section shall be
preceded by a Table of Contents, 每一节的文章都要有一份参考表格目录，以
listing the paragraph heads in 数字顺序列出各段落的标题。
numerical page order.
For ease of reading and cross
reference, illustrations, figures and 为了便于阅读和交叉索引，图解说明、图形
tables should be presented in a 和表格实际上应以垂直布局呈现。
vertical layout, if practical.
STE was developed to help the
readers of English-language STE是为了帮助读者理解他们所阅读的英语内
documentation understand what they 容，特别是当这些读者的母语不是英语的时
read, particularly when these readers 候。
are non-native English speakers.
Though techniques such as shading,
crosshatching, screening or similar 尽管建议使用阴影、双向阴影、屏蔽或相似
means are recommended, the use of 的方法，使用颜色也是允许的。
color is permissible.
Any technical data published in the
ATA No. 100 format will meet the
requirements of this specification 任何以ATA No.100格式发布的技术数据将满
although it is expected that the 足本规范的要求，尽管预期在没有ATA-100要
Paragraph 19 format will be used 求的情况下将使用第19段格式。
where no ATA-100 requirement is
foreseen.
A 406 MHz digital signal identifies the
emergency locator transmitter and its 406MHz数字信号可识别应急定位发射器及其
位置。
location.
Make sure that the servicing cart does
确保维修飞机时不要撞到勤务箱。
not hit the aircraft.
If it is necessary to decrease the cable 如有必要进一步减小钢索张力，可使用松紧
tension more, use the turnbuckle. 螺套。
Divide the crosswind component by
the aircraft speed to get the 将飞机速度除以侧风分量来得到修正。
correction.
The resistance of the fuel temperature 燃油温度传感器的电阻随燃油温度的变化而
bulb changes with fuel temperature. 变化。
If the oil leakage is more than five
如果滑油渗漏超过5滴，每分钟检测密封胶。
drops a minute, examine the sealant.
Make sure that there are safety
barriers around the engine exhaust 确保发动机排气区周围有安全围挡。
area.
If you use too much paint, the finish
使用油漆过多将导致漆面不符合要求。
will be unsatisfactory.
L1 entry door number 1 floor panel
has a 1-inch notch 6 inches from the 左1号登机门1号地板右前边缘有一条1英寸深
6英寸长的凹陷。
forward right edge.
Outlets along the side walls and the
center of the ceiling divide the air for 空气沿着侧壁和顶板中央流出，分开并同时
供气。
symmetrical supply.
The RESET test switch is used to
erase the fault history. Push the RESET测试电门用于减少故障历史。当
VERFIY(通过)和绿色GO灯亮时, 按下
RESET switch while the VERIFY and RESET(复位)电门。
the green GO lights are on.
When the entire storage area is full,
new fault data, i.e. data for the current 当整个存储区域已满时，新的故障数据和当
flight leg, will replace/overwrite the 前航班的数据，将替换/覆盖故障历史中最老
data for the oldest flight leg in the fault 的航班的数据。
history.
The ventilation system uses
differential pressure to pull air out of 通风系统使用压力变化将机外空气抽入。空
the airplane. The air moves through 气从客舱厨房和盥洗室区域流经机外通风孔
overboard vents from the cabin galley 。
and the lavatory areas.
Gas pressure in the sense tube holds
the fault pressure switch in the closed
position. The other two pressure 感应管内的气压使有故障的压力电门处于关
闭位置。当该气压在过热或火警状况时，其
switches close when the gas pressure 它2个压力电门关闭。
increases because of an overheat or
fire condition.
The recirculation system uses a fan to
move air from the passenger
compartment to the main distribution 循环系统使用一个风扇使空气进入客舱支配
manifold. This system reduces the 总管。这个系统降低了空调组件的供气量。
amount of air necessary for the packs
to supply.
The supply and exhaust fans install
with V-band clamps. Arrows show the 进气风扇和排气风扇用V形带扳手安装。箭头
显示正确的安装方向。进气风扇和排气风扇
correct direction of flow. The supply 不可装反。
and exhaust fans are interchangeable.
The fans are single-stage fans with an
integral induction motor. They each 风扇为带有整体式感应电动机的单级风扇，
每个风扇各有一个单向活门并作为一个组件
have a check valve and install as a 安装。
unit.
The equipment cooling system has
low flow detectors to give a warning
when there is not sufficient cooling 设备冷却系统的低流量传感器给出警告，没
有足够冷气。飞机在地面时,当出现供气系统
airflow. On the ground, the crew call 低流量时，机组打电话报告警报声。
horn sounds when low flow is detected
in the supply system.
When you install the antenna, the
当你安装发射器时，校准箭头必须朝前。
alignment arrow must point forward.
To adjust the volume, use the buttons
使用听筒侧面的按钮来调节音量。
on the side of the phone.
Each page shall bear a page number
and date of issue or revision at the 每一页的下方应该添加页面编号和分发或改
版日期。
bottom.
The effect of weight should also be
scheduled if it significantly affect 如果它明显地影响了巡航参数，重力的效果
也应该纳入规划。
cruise performance.
Explain how to recognize impending
problems and what to do if 说明如何挖掘潜在的问题，以及出现不良功
能时应该怎么办。
malfunctions occur.
This includes sensing, computing,
actuating, indicating, and warning 它包括传感、计算、作动、指示和警告装置
，例如计算机、伺服器、作动器、警告灯等
devices such as computers,servos, 。
actuators, warning lights, etc.
The noise suppressor reduces the
noise generated by the exhaust 噪音隔绝器通过产生废气来降低噪音。
gases.
Illustrations should be used whenever
they will simplify, shorten or make the 注释应该在简化、缩短文章或使文章更易于
理解时被使用。
text easier to understand.
The “Detail Requirements” part
provides for a uniform method of “细节要求”部分给特殊材质的物品进行整
arranging and identifying specific 理和排序提供特定方法。
subject material.
Lavatories includes items such as
mirrors, seats, cabinets, dispensing
equipment, etc., if furnished as 如果按照制造商的设备标准装修，厨房包括
台面、座椅、置物架、备料设备等。
manufacturer-designated standard
equipment.
During the soldering procedure, wear
安装程序中，请佩戴防护罩。
a protective shield.
The gyroscope will become stable
陀螺仪将在大约15秒后变得稳定。
after approximately 15 seconds.
It is not necessary to remove the
无需从绞盘（27）上拆下铭牌（33）。
nameplate (33) from the flange (27).
NOTE: During the subsequent test,
you get the cracking pressure when 注：在随后的测试中，当来自交输进口的燃
油流量超过5 毫升/分钟时，你将获得开启压
the fuel flow from the CROSS FEED 力。
port is more than 5 cc/minute.
During the approach to the runway,
deviation pointers in the course 在接近跑道的过程中，航向指示器中的偏离
indicators show the pilot in which 指示器指示飞行员飞机必须飞行的方向。
direction the aircraft must go.
This controller is applicable to all
systems. Thus, it can also control 该控制器适用于所有系统。因此，它还可以
控制终端油加热器。
thermal oil heaters.
When the preset threshold is reached,
the smoke detector triggers a warning 当达到预设阈值时，烟雾探测器通过客舱内
via the Cabin Intercommunication 部通信数据系统触发警告。
Data System.
A fire can be due to excessive
overheat or flammable fluid leaks and 火灾是因为过热或者有火焰的液体泄漏，并
且可能飞机不安全了。
can endanger the aircraft safety.
Record the location and the color of
the cables of each bundle which goes 记录每根线束的位置和颜色，这些线束是是
穿过交流电传感器的。
through the AC current transformer.
Notes call attention to methods which
make the job easier, or provide 注释会引起注意方式方法，这个能让工作更
supplementary or explanatory 简单，或者提供说明或者注释信息的方法。
information.
The combustor mixes air from the
compressors and fuel from the fuel 来自压气机的空气与来自燃油喷嘴的燃油在
燃烧室混合。
nozzles.
The servo fuel heater attaches to the 安装在发动机上的伺服燃油加热器连接在发
engine oil/fuel heat exchanger. 动机滑油/燃油热交换器上。
The turbine clearance control sensor
supplies the EEC with temperature 涡轮间隙控制传感器提供高压涡轮的温度数
data from the high pressure turbine 据给EEC。
shroud.
If you select abort during the test, the
test stops and the CDU shows the test 如果在测试过程中选择中断，测试会停止并
在CDU上显示测试中断页面。
abort page.
The fuel flow transmitter measures the
fuel mass-flow that goes to the 燃油流量变送器测量流入燃油总管和燃油喷
嘴的总流量。
manifolds and fuel nozzles.
These tests may require supplemental
ground support equipment and should 这些测试可能需要额外的地面支持设备，应
be more specific and detailed than an 比操作测试更具体和详细。
operational test.
Close the flow control and shutoff
关闭流量控制和空调组件的关断活门。
valves for the air conditioning packs.
Make sure that the flaps are retracted
and the aileron trim handwheel is in 确保襟翼和副翼微调手轮已收回并处于零位
置。
the zero position.
The lower seal comes into view when
向下拉下部封严时，下部轴承会出现。
you pull the lower bearing down.
That portion of the system is used to
control moisture in the air, to control
ozone concentrations, to filter 这部分系统被用来控制空气中的湿度，控制
radioactive debris from conditioned 臭氧含量，从空调空气中去除放射性污染物
air, and to treat the air with ，并对空气应用除氧剂、净化器等。
deodorizers, insecticides, etc., as
applicable.

It contains general coverage of plug-in

assemblies or subassemblies which 它涵盖通用的插件程序或子程序，这些程序
perform a complete circuit function 能表现出完整的电路功能。它被用于多个特
and are used on more than one 定系统。
specific system.
Cotter pins are used on engine
controls, landing gear, and tailwheel 开口销被用于发动机控制、起落架、尾轮组
assemblies, or any other point where 件或任何作动运动发生的其他地方。
an actuating movement takes place.
The flow of the system shall be
presented in patterned shading with a 系统中的流应该以不同图案的底纹展现，其
线条应尽少拐弯。
minimum of turns in the lines.
Data shall be presented as Calibrated
Airspeed versus Indicated Airspeed 数据应该被显示为仪表空速和指示空速来保
证零误差。
assuming zero instrument error.
The exact content of the Abnormal
Procedures Section shall be
determined by each Handbook 超常程序部分的精确目录应该通过手册生产
商来确定，需要考虑每架飞机的设计数据。
producer, considering the design
features of each airplane.
For turbo-propeller powered airplanes
only, the Minimum and Maximum 仅对于涡轮螺旋桨驱动的飞机，最低和最高
Outside Air Temperature Limits shall 外界大气温度限值应表示为压力高度的函数
be presented as a function of pressure 。
altitude.
In general, it is desired that the
following chapter arrangements and
breakdown be followed uniformly and 通常，希望下面的章排列好，所有手册中的
故障被统一推断出并最大范围实施。
to the maximum extent practicable in
all manuals.
They are reserved for use in those
cases where the number of breakouts
provided by the fourth digit in the 05- 它们适用于位于05-20划分中那些案例，其中
第四个数不能涵盖上面05-10子系统中致力的
20 breakout is not sufficient to cover 所有维修检查。
all of the maintenance checks dictated
by subsystem 05-10 above.
That portion of the systems protects
the control surfaces from movement 如果飞机在地面，系统的出口保护控制面不
by wind while the aircraft is on the 受风的吹动。
ground.
Make sure that you do not bend the
rod end on the LVDT or shaft when
you install the LVDT. If you bend the 确保你安装的LVDT端头或轴不是弯曲的。如
果你安装了端头或轴是弯曲的LVDT，那么可
rod end or shaft, an incorrect 能造成指示错误或设备损坏。
indication or damage to equipment
can occur.
Use aluminum fitting torque values for
aluminum, steel, or titanium fittings 铝制品力矩值可以适用于铝、钢、或钛材料
的安装力矩。
installed in aluminum bosses.
Be careful when you open or close
circuit breakers in the P91 and P92
panels while the panels have power. 当P91和P92面板电源接通时，打开或关闭其
断路器要小心，电击会造成人身伤害。
Electrical shock can cause injuries to
personnel.
Make sure the decorative TEDLAR
laminate has the correct color and 确保TEDLAR层压板的装饰颜色和图案是正确
pattern. The repair will not be 的。如果新的TEDLAR不能与原件配合，修理
satisfactory if the new TEDLAR does 结果不会令人满意。
not match the original surface.
The area for repair of decorative
surfaces must be smaller than 100 对退漆后的表面的修理必须是面积小于100平
square inches. If the area is larger 方英寸（645平方厘米），如果超过这一面积
than 100 in2 (645 cm2), you must ，则必须得到额外批准。
replace the part.
The Maintenance Manual shall
provide the location and pictorial
illustrations of each placard - stencil or 维修手册应提供每个标牌的位置和插图 - 模
板或标志符，以表明哪些是最低设备清单要
marking, indicating those which are 求的。
required by the minimum equipment
list.
AIRWORTHINESS Section must set
forth each mandatory replacement 适航部分必须设定一个更换周期、结构检查
time, structural inspection interval, and 内容、和相关结构检查程序要求的型号认证
related structural inspection procedure 。
required for type certification.
The inspection/check portion shall
provide information and procedure 检验/检查部分应提供必要的信息和程序，以
necessary to gain access to and 获取接近和检验或检查系统、部件或区域的
inspection or check of a system, a 方法。
unit, or an area.
It is understood that compliance with
the above can in some instances 可以理解的是，在某些情况下，遵守上述规
cause duplication of test procedures, 定会导致重复测试程序，这是可以接受的。
which is acceptable.
The airspeeds which may enhance the
safety of operations shall be provided 空速可能提高操作安全，将做为一个正常程
as a preface to the Normal 序的开头部分。
Procedures Section.
An aircraft has five main structural
units which consist of the fuselage, the 飞机的五大结构包括机身，机翼，副翼，升
wings, the stabilizers, the flight control 降舵和起落架．
surfaces and the landing gears.
When there are several words in
English for the same thing 当有几个英语单词表达的是同一事物时（同
(synonyms), STE permits one of these 义词）， STE 允许从这些同义词中选择一个
synonyms to the exclusion of the 使用除非另有规定。
others.
This is a scheduled maintenance task
to see if the battery charger and 这是一个计划中的维修工作，看是否电池充
电， 并且完整的备用飞行显示仪的电池组件
battery pack for the integrated standby 是可操作的。
flight display are operational.
For a quick passenger and crew
evacuation in case of emergency, all 为了便于旅客和机组人员在紧急情况下快速
these main entry doors can also be 撤离,所有主要旅客门也可以作为紧急出口.
used as emergency exit doors.
Some tanks are called trim tanks
because as well as storing fuel, they 某些油箱被称为配平油箱，因为它们不仅储
存燃油，也用于飞机配平．
are also used to trim the aircraft.
Accumulator, in a computer, is a
special storage register associated 计算器，在计算机中，是一种与算术逻辑单
with the arithmetic logic unit, used for 元有关系的特别存储注册设备，用来保持计
holding the results of a computation or 算结果或数据传输。
data transfer.
The intensity of the LCD backlighting
is obtained from the aircraft dimming
bus and a measurement of the LCD背光强度从飞机调光汇流条中获得并测量
驾驶舱内的周围光线。周围光线由前挡板上
ambient light in the cockpit. The 的光电二极管检测到。
ambient light is sensed by a
photodiode on the front bezel.
Do not disassemble bungee assembly
at this time, if not released correctly, 此时不要拆解弹簧筒组件。如果弹簧负载没
the spring load could cause injury to 有正确释放，会造成人员受伤或零件损伤。
personnel or damage to parts.
Fault isolation manual provides the
information used to identify, locate and 故障隔离手册提供信息用于识别，定位和修
correct any fault that might occur on 正任何故障,并需要放在飞机上。
the airplane.
The instruction to supply hydraulic
power is on the bottom of the screen 提供液压动力的说明在显示液压动力警告的
that shows the hydraulic power 屏幕底部，你必须向下滚动屏幕才能看到说
warning, you must scroll down the 明。
screen to see the instruction.
Utilizing an airplane as intended by
the manufacturer, combined with
sound inspection and maintenance 飞机保持适航和安全飞行的基础是由制造商
practices , forms the basis for 决定的，当然也需要定期检查和维护。
assuring the airplane remains
airworthy and safe to operate.
An "emergency", however, almost
always involves a failure that requires 然而，“紧急情况”几乎总是涉及需要立即
immediate and rapid response, such 快速响应的故障，例如总动力装置故障、火
as a total powerplant failure, fire or 警或烟雾或客舱快速失压。
smoke, or rapid cabin decompression.
The Federal Aviation Administration
recognized that compliance with this 符合本规范会使所有飞机类型的内容和格式
specification will result in a high 高度标准化，因此本规范得到联邦航空管理
degree of standardization of content 局认可。
and format for all aircraft types.
Except when inapplicable or
inappropriate to the particular airplane
model, Handbooks shall contain the 除非不适用于特定型号的飞机，手册应按所
示顺序，包含以下飞行阶段推荐的正常程序
recommended normal procedures for 。
the following phases of flight, in the
order shown.
The backside of the title page should
be left blank to avoid the need for
revision and potential loss of the 标题页的背面应留白，以避免有可能漏插飞
机序列号和注册号而需要修改。
inserted airplane serial and
registration numbers.
When the autopilot disengages, an
aural warning is heard from the aural 当自动驾驶仪接通时，声音警告模块发出声
warning module and the red A/P light 音警告，自动驾驶状态信号器(ASA)上的红色
on the autoflight status annunciator A/P灯闪烁。
(ASA) flashes.
These actuators control the movement
of the ailerons and elevators, which 这些作动器控制副翼和升降舵使他们产生运
动，以便控制飞机的飞行路径。
control the flight path of the airplane.
Remove all loose dirt from the seat
用湿布清除座椅上所有松散的污垢。
with a moist cloth.
To make the curing process slower,
decrease the heat that you apply to 增加化合物的热量可以使愈合过程变慢。
the compound.
If your decision is not to replace the
unit, monitor its temperature for a 如果你决定不更换此组件，记录其温度最多
15个循环。
minimum of 15 cycles.
A dedicated tool is necessary for the
安装此组件需要专用工具。
installation of the unit.
Measure the depth of the dent with a
用专用尺子确定凹坑的长度。
straightedge and feeler gauges.
Keep personnel away from the aircraft
当反推装置收回时，人员要呆在飞机附近。
when the thrust reverser deploys.
When you do work in a fuel tank, a
person must be near the tank at all 当你在油箱附近工作时，一定要有人时不时
在油箱附近。
times.
Sudden operation of the gyro can
cause unwanted movement of the 陀螺的突然运转会引起水平安定面不必要的
移动。
horizontal stabilizer.
Service Bulletin No. 105 changes the
bolts that attach the power control 第15号服务专栏的主要内容是更改螺栓连接
电源控制组件。
unit.
This procedure gives two methods for
the temporary repair of the water 本程序给出了用于水管临时修理的两种方法
。
tubes.
This subsystem includes items such 该子系统包括测距机，收发机，无线电高度
as DME, transponders, radio 表，基于性能的导航，甚高频全向信标，自
compass, LORAN, VOR, ADF, etc. 动定向仪等部件。

This paragraph should also explain

that, in addition to the established 本段还应说明，除已明确的检查项目外，适
inspections, other inspections may be 航指令可能要求执行其他检查项目。
required by Airworthiness Directive.
This manual includes procedures such
as periodic engine running, control or 本手册包括定期发动机冷转和控制，油液系
drainage of fluid systems, static 统的排放，以及静电接地等程序。
grounding, etc.
This revision of GAMA Specification
No. 1 incorporates NTSB suggestions GAMA规范1的此修订版包含了NTSB建议及增压
for inclusion of emergency procedures 器/涡轮增压器故障的应急程序。
for supercharger/turbocharger failure.
Outside Air Temperature is obtained
either from inflight temperature 外部气温受空中温度指示或地面气象源影响
indications or ground meteorological 而变化。
sources.
It is implied that the inspection will
include observation and evaluation of 这意味着对部件和设备周围区域的检查将包
the surrounding area of parts and 括使用观察和评估的方式。
equipment.
Turbine engine tachometers usually
measure speed as a percentage of 通常，涡轮发动机转速计会以涡轮额定最大
the nominal maximum speed of the 转速的百分比测量转速。
turbine(s).
Differences in design and complexity
of the various types and models of 不同类别和型号的飞机在设计和复杂性上的
airplanes play a major role in a 差异对具体故障有很大影响。
specific malfunction.
Engine analyzers are used to analyze
engine performance or condition by 发动机分析仪的功能是通过示波器等仪表或
means of instruments or devices such 设备分析发动机性能或状态。
as oscilloscopes, etc.
Animals generate more heat than
humans, consequently there is a 动物的排放物的热量比人类高，因此飞机上
greater possibility of moisture buildup 更有可能聚集潮气。
in the airplane.
There is no airflow to the compartment
当座舱无气流时则可能出现波动。
and there is a risk of suffocation.
During the subsequent test, you get
the cracking pressure when the fuel 在接下来的测试中，当穿越供油端口的燃油
flow from the CROSS FEED port is 流量大于5毫升每分钟时，将得到破裂压力。
more than 5 cc/minute.
During approach to the runway,
deviation pointers in the course 在向跑道进近中，航道指示器的偏离指针提
indicators give commands to fly up or 供向上或向下和向左或向右飞的指令。
down and left or right.
Key words that often occur in a text to 关键词汇常常发生在文字中用于连接不同的
connect different ideas. 思想。
Thus, a permanent or temporary
malfunction of the electrical and 随之，会导致电子和电气设备和系统的永久
electronic equipment and the system 失效或超温。
can occur.
It operates when the pressure applied
in the opposite direction is more than 当施加在相同方向的压力值大于预设值时开
始工作。
a set value.
A DC motor, which has a permanent
high-speed magnet, supplies power to 一台直流马达，带有永久高速磁铁，向作动
筒提供动力。
the actuator.
Micro-switches in the actuator de- 到达行程末端后作动筒中的微小电门会衔接
energize it at the end of travel. 。
The pressure transducer is installed
压力传感器安装在关断活门的下游。
downstream of the shut-off valve.
This specification was developed by
representatives of member companies
of the General Aviation Manufacturers 本规范由通用航空制造商协会的成员公司代
Association for use in preparing 表制定，用于编制制造商维修数据，以手册
Manufacturers Maintenance Data, in 的形式，作为飞机持续适航状态下的维修指
manual form, that will serve as a guide 南。
for the maintenance of airplanes in a
continuous airworthy condition.

Any revisions to a Maintenance

Manual made necessary due to
modifications of an airplane after 飞机交付后因进行改装而需要对《维护手册
》进行修订时，由改装设计批准书持有人负
delivery are the responsibility of the 责。
holder of the type design approval of
the modification.
A separate shading pattern to
distinguish between supply, pressure, 应使用单独的阴影图案来区分供应、压力、
return, etc, shall be used. The same 回流等。在整个手册中，每个单独系统应使
coding for each individual system shall 用相同的编码。
be used throughout the manual.
Fig.1 in pages 11 and 12 are typical
plating/skin illustrations as specified in 第11和12页的图1是53章、54章、55章和57章
中规定的典型镀层/表皮图。
System Chapters 53,54, 55 and 57.
Airspeeds used in this Section shall be
specified in Indicated Airspeed,
assuming zero instrument error, in 本节中所规定的各项空速应为指示空速。假
设仪表误差为零，尽可能使信息直接可用。
order to make the information as
directly usable as possible.

The Check List may be arranged by

"Challenge" and "Response" headings
for two pilot airplanes or by "Item" and 检查表可按两名飞行员飞机的“质疑”和“
"Condition" headings for single pilot 响应”标题排列，或按单飞飞行员飞机的项
目和条件标题排列。在任何一种方法下，都
airplanes. Under either method, the 会列出要检查的项目，并说明所需的条件。
item to be checked is listed with the
desired condition stated.
The Check List may also contain
supplemental information pertinent to
the operation of the airplane, such as 检查单还可能包含与飞机操作相关的补充信
息，如性能数据、可选设备操作等，飞行员
performance data, optional equipment 可能会经常使用。
operation, etc., that the pilot might
routinely use.
If the Check List lists "engine run-up",
the amplified procedures would 如果检查表中列出了“发动机启动”，放大
的程序将解释如何执行启动程序。
explain how to perform the run-up.
Environmental Systems section shall
contain information necessary for safe “环境系统”一节应包括安全操作氧气系统
operation of Oxygen Systems, 时的必要信息，如系统能力和耐久性。
including capacity and duration.
Normal procedures such as spin
recovery techniques may also be 诸如旋转恢复技术的正常程序也可以包括在
杂技类飞机《飞行员操作手册》的这一节内
included in this Section of an acrobatic 容中。
category airplane Handbook.

In addition to information required by

Part 36 of the Federal Aviation
Regulations, the manufacturer shall 除了FAR第36部分要求的信息外，制造商还应
provide strongly worded advice to be 提供措辞强硬的建议，供运营商使用，以尽
used by the operator to minimize the 量减少飞机在机场或机场附近运行期间的噪
noise impact of the airplane during 音影响。
operation at, or in the vicinity of,
airports.

Some types of airplanes (e. g.,

turbopropeller powered) may have
VMCA determined with automatic 一些类型的飞机（如涡轮螺旋桨飞机）在确
propeller pitch control devices that 定VMCA时，可能受自动螺旋桨桨矩控制装置
的影响，因飞机在降低发动机功率模拟一发
may have substantially more drag 失效时遇到的阻力要比实际一发失效时遇到
from an engine operating at reduced 的阻力更大。
power, to simulate an engine failure,
than with an inoperative engine.

The examples shall illustrate the most

general use of the presentation,
avoiding special cases involving
standard temperatures, reference 示例应阐述最常见的情况，避免涉及标准温
度、基准重量、零风速、精确参数值或其他
weights, zero wind velocities, exact 非典型的实际情况。
values of table entries or other
occurrences not typical of actual
situations.

Where possible, examples, associated

conditions and technique should be
presented on the same page as the 在可能的情况下，例子、相关条件和 技巧应
chart. If space is not sufficient to 与图表的同一页呈现。如果没有足够的空间
包括必要的信息，那么应该使用图表对面的
include the necessary information, 那一页呈现。
then the page facing the chart should
be used.
Data shall be presented as indicated
airspeed and calibrated airspeed 数据应显示最大飞机重量条件下、油门关闭
versus flap configurations and angle of 时，不同襟翼构型、滚转角条对应的指示空
bank at maximum weight with throttle 速和校正空速。
closed.
Altitude loss of more than 100 feet
and pitch below the horizon of more 从失速状态恢复期间，应增加超过100英尺的
than thirty degrees during recovery 高度损失和低于地平线30度的俯仰角。
from stalls should be added.
Data shall be presented as takeoff
distance versus outside air
temperature, altitude and wind. Both 数据应显示外界温度、高度和风与起飞距离
ground roll and total distance over a 的关系。应包括地面滑跑距离和飞机达到高
于地面50英尺的总起飞距离。达到这些距离
50 foot obstacle shall be included. The 所需的速度需应以指示空速给出。
speeds required to attain these
distances shall be scheduled in IAS.

For airplanes certificated after January

1, 1985, regardless of certification 对于1985年1月1日之后认证的飞机，无论认
basis, the speed(s) at the 50 foot 证基础如何，50英尺障碍物处的速度不得低
obstacle may not be less than 20% 于相同飞机构型发动机关断下失速速度的
above the power-off stall speed for the 20%。
same airplane configuration.
The speed(s) for which ground roll
distances were determined should be 起飞滑跑距离所需的速度应高于相同构型下
higher than the power-off stall speed 的无动力失速速度。
for the same configuration.
Data shall be presented as time, fuel
and distance to climb from sea level 数据应以标准日（ISA）的时间、燃料和从海
versus altitude on a standard day 平面爬升的距离与海拔高度的关系来表示。
(ISA).
Data shall be presented as landing
distance versus outside air 数据应显示外部大气温度、高度和风与着陆
距离的关系。
temperature, altitude and wind.

For landing distance, both ground roll

and the total distance over a 50 foot 对于着陆距离，应包括地面滑跑和超过50英
尺障碍物的总距离。
obstacle shall be included.

Atmospheric conditions, including

large supercooled water droplets,
freezing rain or a mixture of 大气条件，包括大的过冷水滴、冻雨或多种
条件的混合，可以超过FAR参数和认证的防冰
conditions, may exceed the FAR 系统的能力。
parameters and the capabilities of the
certified ice protection system.

始终保持液晶显示器的亮度旋钮设置在 Always keep the brightness control on

最大位。 the LCD display at maximum.

Ensure that the arrow points in the

确保箭头指向燃油流量流动的方向。 direction of fluid flow.
 The system interface circuits control
系统接口电路应能够适配连接系统的物
理特性。 the physical properties of the
connected systems.

为了快速拔掉销子，手动将盖子向一个 Turn the canopy manually clockwise to

方向转动，然后再向另一个方向转动。 make the pin removal process easier.

Make sure that the flaps are retracted

确保襟翼收回，并且使副翼配平手轮处
and the aileron trim handwheel is in
于零位。 the zero position.

当拉动下部轴承时，可以看到下部的封 The lower seal is invisible prior to

圈。 switching the lower bearing on.

完成步骤1到4，确保没有轴向负载施加 Finish stage 1 to 4 to ensure that no

在连杆上。 axial force is derived from the rod.

关于如何在恶劣天气下停放的说明，请 The instructions for taxing in bad

参阅第6章。 weather conditions are found in chapter
6.

The valve allows the hydraulic pressure

在这种配置中，液压会旁通此阀门。
to pass through in this configuration.

确保卡箍位置与拆卸过程中记录的位置 Make
sure that the position of the
clamp agrees with the position that you
保持一致。
recorded during the removal procedure.

移除所有的防止操纵面自由运动的校装 Take out all the rigging pins and

equipment that promote free motion of
销和设备。
the control surfaces.

连接组件中受污染的触点将导致组件工 The
incorrect operation of the
connection units will result in a dirty
作不正常。
contact.

如果不安装校装销，当系统没有压力时 If you do not secure the rigging pin,

升降舵会向下偏移。 the elevators will descend when there
is pressure in the system.

如果两个舱中有一个舱被水银污染，立 Immediately clean the area if one of

the two compartments is affected by
即清洁该区域。
lead contamination.

如果液压泵不能提供3000psi的压力， In the event that the hydraulic pump

does not deliver a pressure of 3000
使用电动泵。 psi, install the electric pump.
When the wind speed decreases to
less than 30 knots, you can open the You need to open the cargo door when
the windspeed exceeds 30 knots.
cargo door.

If there is no contamination in the fuel Ignore the absence of contamination in

the fuel sample and continue with the
sample, continue the procedure. procedure.
If you accidentally move the lever, set Adjust the lever intentionally and
the system to the neutral position reset the system to the neutral
again. position.

This material releases dangerous When this material comes into contact
with hot surfaces, it emits hazardous
fumes when it touches hot surfaces. fumes.

When you install the antenna, the During antenna installation, disregard
the direction the alignment arrow is
alignment arrow must point forward. pointing.

You can do this procedure only if there Ensure that no other repairs are
underway in the repair area before
is no other repair in the repair area. undertaking this procedure.

If you change this repair procedure, Obtain approval from the design
authority after making any changes to
get approval of the design authority. this repair procedure.

Remove the fuel from the ground Before restarting the engine, make sure
before you try to start the engine to clear the ground from any fuel
again. spills.

While you do each step of the valve Take care to the absence of leakage
test, make sure that there is no during the execution of each step in
leakage. the valve test.

Refer to Table 7001 for information Consult Table 7001 for information
about how the pivot assembly is unrelated to the fabrication of the
made. pivot assembly.

Apply two layers of protective Apply two kindreds of protective

compound to prevent hydraulic fluid compound to shield the sealant from any
damage to the sealant. harm caused by hydraulic fluid.

Make sure that the label fully attaches Ensure that the label adheres tightly
to the surface and that there are no to the surface and that no bubbles are
bubbles. present.
If the adjustment of the stops is not
correct, the results of the test will not Incorrect adjustment of the stops will
lead to accurate test results.
be accurate.

If the microswitch becomes If the microswitch becomes

unserviceable, do the deactivation unserviceable, proceed with the
procedure of the actuator to prevent actuator activation procedure to damage
damage to the valve. the valve.

Apply weight on the surface of the Ensure that the parts bond correctly by
patch to make sure that the parts applying pressure on the base of the
bond correctly. patch.

If the filler bonds to the tool, make the In the event of filler bonding to the
tool moist with cold water. tool, dip the tool in cold water.

Operate the dimmer switch and make Utilize the dimmer switch and ensure
sure that the intensity of the light that the light's luminosity varies
changes. vigorously.

Remove the sensor to get access to Detach the sensor to establish a

physical connection with the adjoining
the adjacent structure. structure.
Make sure that there is continuous Guarantee a consistent performance of
movement of the probe. the probe.

Examine the opening for cracks that Survey the opening for fractures that
start at its corners. often avoid inspection.

The related caution light must go off The associated warning light should
after 30 seconds. illuminate after 30 seconds.

Do a test to find if the management Perform a test to identify the source

of data transmission from the
unit transmits the data. management unit.

During night operation, make sure that Make sure to dim the panel lights
the panel lights are dim. during day and night operation.

If you use solvent in a closed space, If you use cleaner in a closed space,
make sure that there is good airflow in make sure that there is ventilation in
the work area. the work area.

Point the open end of the drain hose Make sure the drain hose's open end is
away from the structure. oriented in align with the structure.

Maximum Landing Gear Extended

Speed is the maximum speed at which 最大起落架放下速度是指起落架放下状态下
an aircraft can be safely flown with the 飞机可以安全飞行的最大速度。
landing gear extended.
Any adjustments/tests that are
necessary as part of installation or 需要作为安装或恢复作动程序中的一部分的
任何调整/测试应在文本中按适当的顺序进行
reactivation procedures shall be in the 操作。
text in proper sequence.
The inspection/check portion shall
provide information and procedure
necessary to gain access to and 检验/查找部分应提供访问和检验或查找系统
、单元或区域所需的信息和程序。
inspection or check of a system, a
unit, or an area.
In the event a page must be added
after the initial printing, use the 如果在初始印刷版之后必须添加一页，则给
number of the preceding page with a 添加的页面使用带字母后缀的前一页页码(例
letter suffix added for the added 如，第1-6A页、1-6B页等)。
page(s) (e.g., Page 1-6A, 1-6B,etc.).
Handbooks shall be readily revisable.
They may be in loose-leaf form, with 手册应随时修订。它们可以是活页形式，带
durable, multi-ring cover, or 有可接受的临时或永久性装订。
permanently bound.
The generators supply a three-phase
voltage. The frequency of this voltage 发电机提供三相电压。当发电机转子速度升
increases when the generator rotor 高时，此电压的频率会增加。
speed increases.
Overhaul of propellers must be
accomplished in a qualified shop in 螺旋桨的翻修必须与螺旋桨制造商提供的数
accordance with data supplied by the 据保持一致，并在常规的车间中完成。
propeller manufacturer.
Move the seat forward or aft
approximately 0.50 in. (12.70 mm) to 把前侧或后侧座椅移动大约0.50英寸（12.70
align the flanges on the seat track 毫米）使座椅滑轨接头上的凸缘与座椅滑轨
fittings with the holes in the seat 里的孔对齐。
tracks.
If there is no hydraulic power to
extend the nose gear, the weight of 如果没有液压动力放下前起落架，起落架的
the gear and the airstream pushes the 重量和气流会将其推至放下位。
nose gear into the extended position.
If the airplane experiences repeated
failures of a pump at one location,
there may be debris in the case drain 如果飞机上某个泵出现重复故障，那么可以
line, case drain hose or case drain 通过此程序将壳体回油管、壳体回油软管或
hose quick-disconnect that cannot be 壳体回油软管快卸接头中的残渣冲洗掉。
flushed by accomplishing this
procedure.

The airplane general arrangement

shall be illustrated with a scale line 飞机的总体布局应该用一幅比例尺线图来表
drawing consisting of plan, side and 示，该图由平面、侧面和正面视图组成，在
front views presented in a vertical 单页上按垂直顺序显示。
sequence upon a single page.
Direction as to who and how to
contact technical personnel at the 指导谁以及如何与制造商工厂的技术人员联
manufacturers Plant, for assistance in 系，以帮助修理或更换未包含在标准修理范
repairing or replacing items damaged 围内的损坏物品。
and not covered by a standard repair.
 Those instructions necessary to
support the aircraft during
maintenance and repair, includes 在维护和修理期间支撑飞机所需的说明，包
括支撑材料和设备、外形尺寸、支撑位置等
information on shoring materials and 信息。
equipment, contour dimensions,
shoring locations, etc.

Weights corresponding to the airplane

as offered with typical seating and
interior, avionics, accessories, 与飞机相应的重量，包括类型的座椅和内部
standard equipment and fixed 、航空电子设备、附件、标准设备和固定装
置，以及基于该重量的典型空重和最大有效
ballast, and the typical empty weight 载荷。
and maximum useful load based on
this weight.

The rules contained in this

specification shall serve as guides for
format, style and method of 生产商编写的维修手册必须参考本规范中包
presentation for all material included in 含的所有材料的格式、字体和展示方法。
Maintenance Manuals prepared by
manufacturers.
This section must set forth each
mandatory replacement time, 本节必须规定型号合格证所要求的每一次强
structural inspection interval, and 制更换时间，结构检查间隔，以及相关的结
related structural inspection procedure 构检查程序。
required for type certification.
The repair must be examined at
specified intervals and replaced if 如果发现变质或损伤，必须在特定的间距内
对修理进行检查和更换。
deterioration or damage is found.
When you do the lifting or lowering of
the aircraft, make sure that the
persons who operate the 在升降飞机时，要确保操作升降设备的人员
接受过恰当的培训并具备相应的知识。
lifting/lowering equipment have the
correct training and knowledge.
Keep the elevator from moving by
installing a wooden block between the 为保持升降舵不动，在尾锥两侧装上木制档
inboard edge of the elevator and the 块。
tail cone.
If the indications do not clearly show
that a fastener is loose, make a red 如果没有明显迹象表明紧固件松动，在紧固
line across the head and the adjacent 件头部和相邻材料上标记一条红线。
material.
Any changes to the limitations,
instrument markings, or placards of 任何关于限制，仪表标识或者指示牌的改变
the basic Limitations (Section 2) of the ，会在飞行操作手册的基本限制（第二部分
Pilot's Operating Handbook shall be ）被说明。
stated.
The adjustment test description shall
provide instructions for
accomplishment of a test or check to 调整测试描述应该提供指导来完成测试或检
查，来保证整个操作组件的系统、子系统或
assure the integrity as an operational 组件装配。
component of a system, subsystem or
unit assembly.
Standardization will enhance safety
through uniform interpretation of
inspection requirements contained in 标准化将通过对根据本规范制定的持续适航
程序中所包含的检查要求的统一解释来提高
Continuing Airworthiness Programs 安全性。
prepared in accord with this
Specification.
Three computers collect data and
parameters from the systems and put 三台计算机收集数据，与系统参数一起放在
them together on the data link to the 连接到显示器组件的数据链路上。
display unit.
It is very difficult to determine the
effects of corrosion but, as the reports 腐蚀检查非常难确定，但是，根据CAP给出的
from the CAP inspections are 检查要求，完成检查的时限将根据发现问题
received, the inspection times will be 的多少调整。
adjusted for any severe problems.
Basic control and operation
information describe how the airplane 基本控制和操作信息描述的是飞机部件的控
components are controlled and how 制及工作的方式，包括任何特殊程序和适用
they operate, including any special 的限制。
procedures, and limitations that apply.
A list of corresponding serial/unit
numbers (or other identifying 一个关于序列号/组件号(或其他识别信息)的
information) is in a corresponding 列表在右边页面相应的栏目中。
column on the right side of the page.
If the airplane has a built-in auxiliary
power unit, describe it and explain 如果飞机有一个内置的辅助动力装置，描述
该装置并解释它是如何配合电气系统工作的.
how it fits in with the electrical system.
All official technical names that have
more than three nouns are written in
full the first time that they occur.Then, 所有官方技术名称都由三个以上名词组成，
在第一次出现时都是完整的。然后，在正文
in the remaining parts of the text, the 的其余部分，使用相关的批准缩写。
related approved abbreviations are
used.

Open communication should exist

with the operator telling the
manufacturer as soon as some new 运营商应该用开放的通信设备告知厂家新出
kind of situation arises and the 现的情况，厂家也要回应以必要的帮助。
manufacturer responding back with
solid help to the operators.
Other Limitations provide a statement
of any limitation required by regulation
or permitted or approved by the 其他条款中给出了未在本节涉及的且法律要
求的或局方允许或规定的任何限制的声明。
regulatory authority, not specifically
covered in this Section.
The check list should be limited to the
minimum number of items determined 在紧急情况下，飞行员应准备至关重要的物
to be essential to aid the pilot in an 品的检查清单。
emergency.
Environmental systems include those
units and components which furnish a
means of pressurizing, heating, 环境系统包括的那些装置和部件，提供增压
cooling, moisture controling, filtering 、加热、冷却、湿度控制和过滤，并对压力
and treating the air used to ventilate 密封的机身区域的通风空气进行处理。
the areas of the fuselage within the
pressure seals.

The procedures shall clearly describe

the step-by-step operation in a logical
work flow sequence as necessary to 该程序应清楚地说明操作步骤，并以正确的
gain access to and subsequently 工作流程按需接近并分步移除或安装软件。
remove the hardware or install the
hardware.

Emergency Procedures and other

pertinent information necessary for
safe operations shall be provided for 对于小部分飞机设计、操作或操纵特性所特
有的紧急情况，应提供安全操作所必需的应
emergencies peculiar to a particular 急程序和其他相关信息。
airplane design, operating or handling
characteristics.
An "emergency" however, almost
always involves a failure that requires 然而“紧急情况”反而总是排除需要立即快
immediate and rapid response, such 速反应的故障，例如整个动力装置故障、火
as a total powerplant failure, fire or 灾或烟雾或机舱快速减压。
smoke, or rapid cabin decompression.
The material within subparagraphs of
Handbooks may follow the order of
material within subparagraphs of this 手册子章节里的材料可以抄袭本规范本节各
小段中的材料顺序，也可以根据特定类型或
Section of the Specification or may be 型号的飞机进行排布。
arranged to suit a particular type or
model of airplane.
If the wheel temperature increases to
more than 177 deg., the core of the 如果轮胎温度升高超过177度，核心机的易熔
喷嘴爆破，会爆胎。
fusible plug melts and the tire deflates.
Definitions should be worded as
simply as possible and must conform 定义措辞应尽可能简单，并必须符合手册中
with the use of the defined terms in 所定义的术语的使用。
the Handbook.
The emergency procedures check list
should be in concise, abbreviated form
designed to remind pilots of items to 应急程序检查单应以简洁缩略的形式表达，
来提醒飞行员检查项目时不要担心任何系统
check without providing details 的操作细节。
concerning the operation of any
system.
The engine anti-icing system is used
to eliminate and prevent the formation 发动机除冰系统用来消除和杜绝引气在发动
of ice by bleed air in all parts of 机所有部件中形成冰，不包括第30章所述的
engine, excluding power plant cowling 动力装置整流罩。
which is covered under Chapter 30.
The airflow passes turbine and
depletes energy，in addition to the
colder air bypassed the engine core, 气流流经涡轮，提高了能量，从发动机核心
produces a force when exiting the 机部分旁通并与较冷气流，在尾喷管处混合
nozzle that acts to propel the 后产生推力，推动飞机向前。
engine,and therefore the airplane,
forward.
The slow moving, high pressure air
from the compressor is fed into the 来自压气机的高压气体进入燃烧室并缓慢移
combuster where it is mixed with a 动，并与被点燃的燃料混合。
highly flammable fuel and ignited.
Make sure the work area is clean and
clear of tools and other items and all 确保工作区域干净，无工具和其它物品，所
有的接近盖板已经关闭。
access panels are closed.
All Supplements may be issued to all
owners of the airplane model covered
by the Handbook. This method is 所有增补内容都要发给手册所涵盖飞机机型
recommended as minimizing errors of 持有人。推荐这种方法的原因是尽量减少配
发的错误，也通知持有人系统和设备的可用
distribution, and also informs owners 性。
of the availability of systems and
equipment.
Excessive HP fuel supplies, other than
that for actuator control and metered 大量的高压燃油供油用于作动筒控制和到燃
烧室的计量燃油，其余部分通过溢流活门返
fuel to the combustor, is returned to 回给低压系统。
the LP system via the spill valve.
Fault isolation provides the information
used to identify, locate and correct 故障隔离使用识别、寻找和纠正任何发生在
any fault that is predicted to occur on 飞机上的故障的方法，并提供所需的信息。
the airplane.
Procedures shall be prepared in
reference number sequence within
each chapter with proper major and 程序应在每章内按编号顺序进行准备，并有
适当的主次科目标题，无需从新的页面开始
minor subject heads, without the 。
necessity of each procedure starting
at the top of a new page.
Each Handbook shall have an
"Airplane Weighing Form" that
includes an airplane side view 每本手册都应有一份“飞机称重表格”，其
showing the location of weighing 中包括飞机剖面图，显示称重点的位置(使用
points (using jacking points or 顶升点或起落架)。
undercarriage) relative to the datum
line.
In 1944, the British Civil Airworthiness
Requirements was developed to form
the code of the Airworthiness 1944年，随着空中航行法令和规章的各种要
求得以实现，英国民用适航机构形成了适航
Standards through which the 标准的法典。
requirements of the Air Navigation
Orders and Regulations would be met.
The audio part of the video
entertainment is delivered to each
individual passenger seat on selected 每个乘客的座位上的客舱娱乐系统可以传输
音频和图像，也可以被连接到乘客系统的喇
channels of audio entertainment 叭上。
system and also may be connected to
the PA system speaker.

Questions of compliance with the

Specification shall be referred to the
General Aviation Manufacturers 符合规范的问题应提交给通用航空制造商协
Association (GAMA) and the Federal 会(GAMA)和联邦航空管理局(FAA)解决。
Aviation Administration (FAA) for
resolution.

The Sections on "Limitations" and

"Emergency Procedures" are placed
ahead of "Normal Procedures", 关于“限制”和“紧急程序”的章节放在“
"Performance", "Weight and Balance" 正常程序”、“性能”之前，“载重和平衡
”和其他章节更容易获得飞行中可能需要的
and other Sections to provide easier 信息。
access to information that may be
required in flight.
The cover title and applicable airplane
designation shall be prominently 封面标题和适当的飞机内容应首先在手册的
displayed on the cover or spine (or 封面或书脊(或两者)上表现出来。
both) of the Handbook.
In such a case, the Title Page and the
Table of Contents pages preceding 在此种情况下，文件的标题页和目录页必须
each section of the Document must 遵循每一部分给出实际出版日期。
bear the actual date of issue.
Airplane maintenance manual or
section includes introduction
information such as an explanation of 飞机维修手册或章节包括说明性资料，如对
飞机的维修或预防性维修的特点和资料所做
the airplane's features and data to the 的说明。
extent necessary for maintenance or
preventive maintenance.

The basic control and operation

information describes how the airplane
components and systems are 基本的控制与操作资料描述了飞机各部件和
系统的控制和操作的情况，包括所使用的专
controlled and how they operate, 用程序和限制规定。
including any special procedures and
limitations that apply.
In addition, the applicant must include
an inspection program that includes
the frequency and extent of the 此外， 申请必须包括一个检查方法，该方法
包括必要的检查频次和检查范围并提供给飞
inspections necessary to provide for 机持续适航部门。
the continued airworthiness of the
airplane.
There are two recirculation air filters
installed behind the end wall lining at
the aft end of the forward cargo 在前货舱尾部后壁板衬板后面装有两个空气
循环过滤器。空气过滤器分别位于左右两侧
compartment. The air filters are in 混合总管湾区的过滤器壳体内。
filter housings on the left and the right
side of the mix manifold bay.
All the materials used to seal the tanks
are fully resistant to all the fuels and 用于密封油箱的所有材料对所有燃油和燃油
稳定剂都耐用。
the fuel additives.
The normal pitch control law is
basically the closed loop control of the 正常俯仰控制法则基本上是负载系数的闭环
load factor, and includes flight 控制，包括飞行发展保护。
envelope protections.
There is one rigid bus assembly
located at the rear of each of the 每个电干扰盘的后部都有一个灵活的汇流条
组件。
power distribution panels.
This task gives the maintenance steps
which prepare the airplane for flight 本工作为准备飞机航班而给出维护步骤，以
with both air conditioning packs 防两个空调组件失效。
inoperative.
In designing schematic diagrams, it
may be necessary to compromise
between detail necessary to make the 在设计的概要图里，可能需要在让图表内容
diagram self-explanatory and the 详实和便于阅读理解的简单之间妥协。
simplicity essential for ease of reading
and understanding.
An “emergency” however, almost
always involves a failure that requires 不论怎样的“危机”大多数总是会出现需要
immediate and rapid response, such 马上快速反应的故障，比如全动力故障，着
as a total powerplant failure, fire or 火或烟雾，或者客舱的快速释压。
smoke, or rapid cabin decompression.
The forward zone trim air muffler
reduces the amount of air distribution 前区域空气调节支管减少空气量来分配前空
noise that is sent to the forward air 调区域传送的噪声。
conditioning zone.

The CAP inspection sets forth

manufacturer recommended
retirement times for parts or CAP检查列出制造商建议的零件或组件的报废
assemblies (using hours, cycles or 时间（使用小时数、循环或其他适当的决定
another appropriate determinant) and 因素）和FAA要求的关于时寿零件或组件的报
FAA required retirement (removal 废（维护拆换）时间。
from service) times for life limited
parts or assemblies.

When you hyphenate long technical

names to make them clearer to the 当使用引号的技术名称以使读者读起来更清
reader, a hyphenated group of words 晰时，带引号的一组单词也是适用的名词词
also counts as one word in the 组中的一个词。
applicable noun cluster.
The removal/installation portion shall
state clearly the sequence of steps 拆卸/安装部分应清晰地描述拆卸和重新安装
required to remove and reinstall a 部件或装置所要求的步骤方法，以及应观察
component or unit, along with 的预防措施。
precautions to be observed.
This CAP has been prepared with the
intent to expand present inspection
requirements as a further assurance 编写本CAP旨在扩大现有的检查要求，以进一
of the ability of the airplane to perform 步保证飞机在初始认证范围内的性能。
within the limits of the original
certification.
Each system has a receiver which is
located in an avionics compartment
and which is tuned either 每一个系统有一个接收器，这个接收器位于
电子舱。电子舱内可以对FMS自动调谐，或是
automatically from the FMS or 对相应的NAV控制面板手动调谐。
manually from the relevant NAV
control panel.
The nose wheel steering rudder pedal
steering mechanism can mix the 前轮转弯方向舵脚蹬转弯机构能混合来自于
steering inputs from the rudder pedals 方向舵脚蹬和转弯手轮的转弯输入，并提供
and the steering wheel and supply 定中力。
centering force.
The fuel vent system keeps the
pressure of the fuel tanks near the
ambient pressure. Too large a 燃油排放系统保持油箱压力接近环境压力。
太大的压力会引起机翼结构损坏。
pressure difference can cause
damage to the wing structure.
Utilizing an airplane as intended by
the manufacturer, combined with
sound inspection and maintenance 按照制造商的计划要求使用飞机，结合例行
检查和维护实践，从而构成飞机保持适航和
practices , forms the basis for 安全运行的基础。
assuring the airplane remains
airworthy and safe to operate.

The preface contains the following

information: The reasons for
establishing the CAP program and the 前言内容如下:建立CAP方案的原因和遵循特
underlying problems to be prevented 定CAP需要防止的潜在问题。CAP与产品正常
by compliance with the specific CAP. 检查方案的关系。
The relationship of the CAP to normal
inspection programs for the product.
The dictionary also gives a selection
of unapproved words, with examples 该词典还提供了一些未经批准的词汇，并举
that show how to use alternative 例说明了如何使用替代词汇。
words.
In dictionary the approved adjectives
are given in their basic form, with their 在词典中给出的形容词都是原形，如果有比
comparative and superlative forms in 较级和最高级，以括号标示出。
parentheses where applicable.
The dictionary includes some
unapproved words that can be 字典中包括一些未经更新的单词，如果您可
technical names if you can put them in 以将它们放入应用的技术名称类别中，它们
the applicable technical name 可以是技术名称。
category.
This category of technical verbs is
only for descriptive texts such as
general information, system 这类技术名词仅适用于描述性内容，如一般
信息、系统综述和操作文本以及服务公告的
description and operation texts, and 综述部分。
the descriptive parts of service
bulletins.
Fireseals are those fire-resistant
partitions and seals mounted on or 防火密封是安装在动力装置上或动力装置周
about the power package for the 围的耐火隔断或耐火密封，目的是隔离着火
purpose of isolating areas subject to 区域。
fire.
This manual provides the basic control
and operation information describing 本手册提供了基本的控制和操作信息，这些
how the airplane components are 信息描述飞机部件如何被控制，如何操作这
controlled and how they operate, 些部件，以及所有特殊操作程序和操作限制
including any special procedures, and 。
limitations that apply.
Warnings and cautions shall precede
the text to which each applies, but 警告和告诫应置于其适用的文本前，但注释
notes may precede or follow 则可以根据需强调的内容置于相应文本前或
applicable text depending on the 文本后。
material to be highlighted.
When you hyphenate long technical
names to make them clearer to the 当你连接较长的技术名称以使它们更清楚地
reader, a hyphenated group of words 展示给读者时，连接的一组单词也可以算作
also counts as one word in the 适用的名词词组中的一个单词。
applicable noun cluster.

Equipment list items may be identified

by an item number and may be
grouped logically, using headings 设备清单上的项目可以按项目编号进行识别
such as "Propeller and Propeller ，并按逻辑分组，使用诸如“螺旋桨和螺旋
桨附件”，“发动机和发动机附件”，“起
Accessories", 'Engine and Engine 落架”，“电气设备”，“内部设备”，“
Accessories", "Landing Gear", 自动驾驶”等标题。
"Electrical Equipment", "Interior
Equipment", "Autopilot"

This Section of the Pilot's Operating

Handbook shall describe the airplane
in a manner considered by the 飞行员操作手册的本节应描述飞机的方式，
该方式应是制造商认为合理且能为飞行员提
manufacturer to be most informative 供有效的信息。
to the kind of pilot considered most
likely to operate the airplane.

The internal horn turns ON and stays 内部喇叭打到开位并且保持在开位，当探测

ON as long as the detector has power 器有动力的时间够长，并且烟雾传感器探测
and the smoke sensor detects smoke. 到烟雾。

When there is a fire in the main wheel

well, the compartment overheat
detection controller provides a signal 当主轮舱有火的时候，轮舱热量缺陷控制器
会给两个红色警灯和警铃一个信号。
for the two red FIRE WARN lights and
the bell.
The Hydraulic Power Transfer Unit
system is a hydraulic motor-pump
assembly that supplies alternative 如果B系统释压，液压动力传感组件系统就是
一个提供备用压力到前缘襟翼和缝翼以及自
pressure to leading edge flaps and 动缝翼系统的液压马达泵组件。
slats and autoslat system if system B
is de-pressurized.
The dust cap on the air charging valve
is removed, the external air source is 在充气活门上的防尘螺帽被拆下来了，这样
connected to the valve stem and the 新鲜的空气源才能被连接到气门杆和螺套上
swivel nut turned to open the air ，以打开充气阀门。
charging valve.
Center of gravity is the point at which
an airplane would balance if
suspended. Its distance from the 重心是飞机悬浮时保持平衡的点。它与参考
基准的距离是通过总力矩除以飞机的总重量
reference datum is found by dividing 得出的。
the total moment by the total weight of
the airplane.

You should pay attention to

precautions and limitations such as
use of landing gear and control 需要注意警告信息和限制条件，例如起落架
和控制舵面锁的使用、最小转弯角度、前起
surface locks, minimum turning radius, 落架最大牵引和推动负载等。
maximum towing and pushing loads
on nose landing gear, etc.

Through a process called continuing

airworthiness, virtually every
component comprising an airplane is 通过持续适航程序，实际上组成飞机的每个
involved in some form of preservation, 部件都涉及到某种形式的保养、检查、预防
inspection, preventative maintenance, 性维修、翻修、修理和/或更换活动。
overhaul, repair, and/or replacement
activity.

This Section must set forth each

mandatory replacement time, 本节必须明确型号合格证所要求的每个自愿
structural inspection interval, and 更换时间、结构检查时间以及相应的结构检
related structural inspection procedure 查程序。
required for type certification.
If fuel or lubricating oil spills, clean the
area immediately. A wet surface is 如果燃油或润滑油喷洒，请及时清洁此区域
。否则潮湿的地面会造成摔伤。
dangerous and can cause you to fall.
The technique or procedure necessary
to duplicate the performance
presented shall be included for those 技术和程序是复制性能所需的，并应包括性
items of performance where the 能项目，其在达到预期飞机性能时需要特殊
attainment of the predicted airplane 动作序列。
performance requires a special
sequence of actions.
Aircraft maintenance manual or
section, which includes at least the
following information: introduction
information that includes an 飞机维修手册或章节至少包括下列信息：说
明性信息，包括对维修或预防性维修所需要
explanation of the airplane's features 的飞机特性和数据的说明。
and data to the extent necessary for
maintenance or preventive
maintenance.
Once a certificate or approval is
issued for a purpose that requires
ongoing compliance, such as a 曾经颁发了合格证或批准证书，目的是保持
Production Certificate, noncompliance 其符合性，如生产合格证。如果不符合批准
或对批准条款违约，则会引起国家处罚或行
with, or violation of the terms of, the 政强制性措施。
approval would result in civil penalty or
administrative enforcement action.

Located in the flange connecting the

generator and drive assemblies, ports 位于连接发电机和驱动组件的法兰上的端口
make oil flow between the constant ，使滑油在恒定转速驱动器和可用发电机之
speed drive and the generator 间流动。
possible.
A hole of several inches in diameter
may be cut in a piece of metal at a 在一块不需要承力的金属上，可以在某一点
point where the metal is not needed 处切割一个直径为几英寸的孔，孔的周围用
for strength, and the edges of the hole 法兰连接，使其具有刚度。
are flanged to give it rigidity.
This will allow the user to identify an
affected airplane by examining one list 这将使用户可以通过检查一份清单来识别受
rather than having to check each 影响的飞机，而不必检查每个单独的持续适
individual Continuing Airworthiness 航计划以确定适用性。
Program for applicability.
This chapter shall provide that
information considered necessary by
the manufacturer to properly level the
aircraft for any of the various 本章应提供制造商认为必要的信息，以便在
飞机使用寿命期内可能需要进行的各种维修
maintenance, overhaul or major 、大修或重大维修时正确校平飞机。
repairs which might become
necessary during the life of the aircraft
.
This task puts the airplane back to its
usual condition after operation with the 该任务通过调节变频起动机发电机空气/油热
air control valve on the variable 交换器上的空气控制活门不工作状态使飞机
frequency starter generator (VFSG) 恢复到正常状态。
air/oil heat exchanger inoperative.

The Introduction Section of the

Maintenance Manual should contain
either a list of vendor publications or 维护手册的介绍部分应包括厂商出版物的清
refer to the location of such lists 单，或可参考的清单的位置，不论它们是否
在系统描述中有所阐述或是可以提供单独的
whether they are included in system 文件。
descriptions or provided in separate
documents.

However, when a point is reached

where the accumulated revisions
make distribution ,filing and use of the 然而，当修订使手册的分发、归档和使用变
得困难时，就必须重新发布。
manual difficult , a reissue is
warranted.
Adjectives that make their
comparative and superlative forms 作对比的代词和把“more”和“most”作为
with “more” and “most” do not have 最高级的代词在字典中不会列出这些形式，
these forms listed in the dictionary, 因为“more”和“most”也列出了批准的词
because “more” and “most” are also 。
listed as approved words.
Basically, it is a guide to industry
standardization of proven concepts to 基本上，它是以对飞行员最有用的形式来呈
be presented in a form most useful to 现已被证明的概念的行业标准化指南。
pilots.
The purpose of the spoilers is to
disturb the smooth airflow across the 扰流板的作用是使机翼上的阻力增加，升力
top of the airfoil thereby creating an 减少,从而扰乱流经该机翼上表面的平滑气流
increased amount of drag and a 。
decreased amount of lift on that airfoil.
If a pronoun can refer to one or more
nouns in a text, it can make a
sentence ambiguous. If a sentence is 如果一个代词能参考文本中的一个或多个名
ambiguous, replace the pronoun with 词，它会使句子产生异义。如果一个句子产
生异义，参考原词更换代词。这将使读者更
the word that it refers to. This will 清楚易读。
make the sentence clear and easier to
read.
Those airborne power plants are
installed on the aircraft for the purpose
of generating and supplying a single 那些机载动力装置被安装在飞机上，用于产
生并提供单一类型或组合的辅助电力、液压
type or combination of auxiliary 、气源或其他动力。
electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or other
power.
Differences in design and complexity
of the various types and models of
airplanes play a major role in deciding 不同的设计和复杂的型号使得飞机有一个重
whether a specific malfunction is more 大的作用来决定特殊的失效是否更适合列举
appropriately listed under 为“紧急”或“正常”程序。
"emergency" or "abnormal"
procedures.
Warning: Before you close the hatch,
make sure that no persons are in the
crew rest compartment. When the 警告：关闭舱口前，确保机组休息室中没有
人员。舱口关闭时，舱室没有气流，存在中
hatch is closed, there is no airflow to 毒的风险。
the compartment and there is a risk of
suffocation.
If you do not do a regular monitoring
of the APU oil consumption, do the
steps that follow to make sure that the 如果你没有对APU滑油量进行常规监控，请执
行以下步骤以确保APU滑油量足以用于飞行。
APU oil quantity is sufficient for the
flight.
The rules of construction followed in
the preparation of this Specification 本规范准备过程中所遵循的（语法）结构规
则与FAA在其规章准备过程中所使用的专用规
are the same as generally used by the 则相同。
FAA in the preparation of its rules.
The CAP will address primary and
secondary airframe components, and
primary and secondary systems to CAP将处理初级和次级机体部件，以及初级和
次级系统，以实现初始适航的既定目标。
accomplish the stated objective of
continued airworthiness.
It is not necessary to add oil to the
starter after installation. But, you must
supply a new starter with a small 安装后不需向起动机添加滑油。但是必须提
quantity of oil. Refer to chapter 12 of 供一个新的起动机以及少量的滑油。参考飞
机维护手册第12章的第二部分关于油量的要
the airplane maintenance manual part 求和程序。
II for oil quantity requirements and
procedures.

The specification provides flexibility in

Handbook preparation based on the
complexity of the airplane while 该说明书提供了手册制作的弹性要求以适用
maintaining a high degree of 于复杂飞机，从而能够维持高标准的安排、
standardization of arrangement, 定义和成效信息。
definitions, and performance
information.

Unless all of the solid contaminants

are removed from the air before it 除非所有固态杂质在进入设备前从空气中过
enters the instruments, they will 滤，否则它们会卡阻，经常在转子承受范围
accumulate, usually in the rotor 内减缓转子的转动。
bearings, and slow the rotor.

Each manual shall contain an

Introduction which shall include a brief
statement explaining the organization, 每本手册都应有导言，内容除了包括厂家技
content and method of using the 术出版物清、或清单的参考位置以外，还需
manual in addition to lists, or 简要说明手册的组织、内容和使用方法。
references to locations of lists, of
vendor technical publications.
Each Chapter or Section is to start
with a general description of the
system and its operation and should 在每个章节的开始都是系统及其操作的描述
be labeled Description and Operation. ，以“描述及操作”为标题贴上标签。如果
If there are interrelationships with 与其它系统有交联，应该则另外进行解释。
other systems, they should be
explained.
The flow of systems shall be
presented in patterned shading and by
having a minimum of turns in the lines. 系统流程图应以带有图案的阴影图标表示，
The schematic diagrams should 并尽少使流程转弯。示意图要包括发动机、
include generators, tanks, and 油箱、水箱等并以它们为示意图的起始。
reservoirs that are considered to be
the starting points of the flow shown.

If the lever lock solenoid fails in the

locked position, you can move the
landing gear control lever to the up 如果杠杆锁定电磁阀在锁定位置失效，你可
position with the lever lock override 以移动起落架控制杆到向上的位置与并用杠
杆锁定覆盖触发器。触发器缩回控制杆向前
trigger. The trigger retracts the 的部分，这样它可以清除杠杆锁定机制。
forward part of the control lever so it
clears the lever lock mechanism.
The antiskid system controls the
metered brake pressure from the
hydraulic brake system or the 防滑系统控制来自液压制动系统或来自自动
autobrake pressure from the 制动系统的自动制动压力，以防止机轮滑出
autobrake system to prevent wheel 。这提供了最大的制动力使飞机可以在任何
skid. This gives maximum brake force 跑道停止。
to stop the airplane with any runway
condition.
Accelerate Stop Distance is the
distance required to accelerate an 加速停止距离是指飞机按照要求加速到指定
airplane to a specified speed and, 速度所需的距离，并假定在达到该距离的那
assuming failure of an engine at the 一刻发动机发生故障，飞机需要停止飞行。
instant that speed is attained, to bring
the airplane to a stop.

Functional test should contain all

necessary information to perform
proficiency tests to maintain system or 功能测试应该包含进行性能测试所必要的所
有信息，以保持系统或组件的可靠性在可接
unit reliability at an acceptable level, 受的水平，而不用参考其他文件。
without reference to additional
documents.

Maintenance information needs to be

continuously updated. The operator
维修资料需要持续更新。出现新情况时
，运营人应立即与制造商进行坦诚沟通 should communicate openly with the
manufacturer about new situations, who
，而制造商应向运营人提供有力协助。
只有双方均做好各自工作，整个机队才 should provide solid assistance to the
能保持适航状态。 operator. Only when both parties do
their jobs can the entire fleet remain
completely safe.

The FAA-Approved Airworthiness

经FAA批准的“适航限制”应作为单独 Limitations shall be prepared as a
文件，除需包含在《维护手册》中外， separate document for inclusion in the
还需纳入《飞行员操作手册》的“限制 Maintenance Manual and for insertion in
部分”中。 the “Limitations Section” of the
Pilot's Operating Handbook.
 The recommended inspection procedure
provided by the manufacturer when
delivering the aircraft helps to ensure
制造商在交付飞机时提供的建议性检查 its airworthiness throughout its life.
程序有助于保证其适航性。由于飞机执 Due to differences in the tasks
行的任务、给予的维护以及使用年限和 performed, maintenance provided,
使用率存在差异，ABC公司已根据检查 service life, and usage rate of the
、测试和分析确定，认为有必要提供额 aircraft, ABC Company has determined
外的检查要求，以进一步确保飞机能够 through inspection, testing, and
继续在初始审定的设计载荷下运行。 analysis that it is necessary to
provide additional inspection
requirements to further ensure that the
aircraft can continue to operate under
the initial approved design load.

Operational Test: That procedure

required to ascertain only that
a system or unit is operable. These
操作测试：这个过程仅需要确定系统或 tests should require no special
equipment or facilities other than that
单元是可工作的。这些测试不应需要除
已安装在飞机上外的任何特殊设备或设 are installed on the aircraft and
施，应该与机组人员执行的测试相当。 should be comparable to the tests
performed by the flight crew. It is not
操作测试不要求满足针对翻修或重大修
理制定的规范和容错要求。 intended that the operational test of
the unit shall meet the specifications
and tolerances ordinarily
established for overhaul, or major
maintenance periods.

在有座舱增压的飞机上，座舱空气的分 On pressurized aircraft, the cabin air

配是由一系列管路实现的，管路连接到 is distributed with a system of air
增压空气源遍及整个座舱。空气被引导 ducts leaded from the pressurization
到飞机飞机顶板的通风口并从那里释放 source into and throughout the cabin.
出来. Typically, air is ducted to and
released from ceiling ventilation.
 Crucial angle of attack is the angle at
which a stream or air flow begins to
临界迎角是液体或气流从表面开始分离
，导致流体效率降低的角度。临界迎角 split from a surface,causing a decrease
in efficiency. It is important for
是设计空气动力学表面时的重要考虑因
designing dynamic surfaces ,such as
素，例如飞机机翼、涡轮叶片等，因为
它决定着不会导致升力或推力损失的最 airplane wings,turbine blades,as it
determines the maximum attack angle
大攻角大小。
that can be achieved without causing
loss of lift or thrust.

The cover title shall be "Pilot's

封面题名应为《飞行员操作手册》或《 Operating Handbook" or "Polit's
飞行员操作手册及经联邦航空局批准的
Operating Handbook and FAA Approved
飞机飞行手册》。
Airplane Flight Manual."

Maximum Limiting speed Unsticks is the

最大操作限制速度是指在正常飞行操作 speed restrain which will not be
中不得故意超过的速度限制。V用节表 intentionally surpassed in typical
示，M用马赫数表示。 flight operations. V is communicated in
knots and M in Mach Number.

Ground Idle Power refers to the power

地面慢车功率指满足飞机以最小推力在 required to run an engine on the
地面尽可能慢地运行，但足以保证发动 ground, as slowly as possible, yet
机、发动机附件和飞机正常运行所需的 sufficient to ensure satisfactory
发动机功率。 engine, engine accessory, and airplane
operation with a minimum of thrust.

On some turbopropeller powered

在某些涡轮螺旋桨驱动的飞机上，状态 airplanes, the condition lever is the
杆是发动机启动和停车的主要控制装置 primary control for starting and
。在其它类型的飞机上，状态杆主要用 stopping the engine. On others, it is
来控制设置发动机和螺旋桨速度。 the primary control used to set engine
and propeller speed.

发动机运行限制包括起飞功率限制、最 Engine Operating Limits include Limits

大连续功率限制以及最大正常运行功率 for Take off Power, Maximum Continuous
限制。 Power, and Maximum Cruising Power.
 The maximum continuous power listed in
飞机型号数据单内列出的最大连续功率 the Airplane Type Data Sheet is used to
用来表明符合相应的适航标准，同时这 show compliance with the applicable
个数值也会呈现在《飞行员操作手册》 airworthiness standards and is the
中。 value shown in the Pilot's Operating
Handbook.

对于光洁巡航构型和着陆构型，应提供 For clean configuration of landing, the

以加速度g表示的机动限制载荷系数。 limit load factor in g unit should be
provided. For spinning and aerobatic
对于获准螺旋或特技飞行的飞机，还应 aircraft, the load factor of flaps down
提供襟翼收上时的负限制载荷系数。 should be provided as well.

The following information on maneuvers

appropriate to the Airplane Category
针对飞机类别适合的机动飞行，应提供 shall be given: (a) A Statement of
以下信息：(a)获准的机动飞行以及合 Authorized Maneuvers and Appropriate
适的进入速度的相关信息；(b)未获授 Entry Speeds (b) A Statement of
权的机动飞行的相关信息；(c)已获准 Unauthorized Maneuvers (c) A Statement
或未获准或不适合进行螺旋训练的相关 that the airplane is Approved for
信息。 Spins, Unapproved for Spins, or is
characteristically incapable of
spinning.

Manuals for all single engine aircraft,

所有单发飞机，除那些已被证明“典型 except those that have been shown to be
无法螺旋”的飞机外，其手册应包含从 "critically unable to stall", should
螺旋中改出的程序。 have procedures for recovering from a
stall.

If the airplane has not been tested for

twirl characteristics and recovery
methods, a discussion shall be included
如果飞机尚未进行螺旋特性和改出方法
on the limited conditions for
的测试，（手册）应包含防止进入螺旋 preventing spins and the possible best
和可能的最佳改出技术的讨论，并附带
recovery techniques, and it shall be
说明飞机未进行任何相关测试、螺旋改
出技术是基于制造商的最佳判断。 stated that no testing has been
conducted and that the recovery
techniques are based on the
manufacturer's best comment.
 Airspeeds used in this Section shall be
本节中所使用的空速应为指示空速—— specified in Indicated Airspeed,
即假设仪表误差为零——以使信息尽可 assuming zero instrument error, in
能直接可用。 order to make the information as
directly usable as possible.

Those units and components are

responsible for storing and delivering
这些组件和部件能够储存燃油并将燃油
fuel to the turbines system, including
输送到发动机，包括发动机驱动的燃油
engine-driven fuel pumps, fuel tanks
泵、结构油箱（软油箱）、阀门、增压 (airbags), valves, booster pumps, etc.
泵等，以及实施空中应急放油的部件。
and provide components for dumping fuel
overboard.

That portion of the system is

此系统部分用于储存燃油，包括结构油 responsible for the fuel storage
箱密封胶、软油箱、通风系统、软油箱 components in the system, comprising of
storage tank, bag battery, ventilation
和结构油箱相互连通装置、翼上加油口
颈和口盖等。 system, battery and storage tank
interconnection device, neck and cover
of the wing filler, etc.

Those units and components include

相关组件和部件包含：乙醇泵、阀门、 alcohol pump, valves, alcohol
存储箱、螺旋桨防冰系统、机翼加热器 container, propeller anti-icing system,
、水管加热器、空速管加热器、进气道 wing warmers, water line warmers, pitot
加热器、风挡雨刮，以及风挡防冰中的 warmers, scoop warmers, windshield
电防冰和热防冰装置。不包括基本的风 wipers and the electrical anti-icing
挡面板。 and heated air ice control. Does not
include the basic windshield panel.

The portion of the system is used to

系统的这个部分能够消除或阻止进气道 eliminate or prevent ice forming in air
内部或周围积冰，包含动力装置整流罩
exhaust surroundings, including air
防冰装置。 flow anti-icing on the power plant.

The portion of the system is used to

系统的这个部分能够消除或阻止所有翼 eliminate or prevent the formation of
型表面积冰,包括机翼和尾翼的翼面部 ice on all airfoil surfaces, including
分。 wings and airfoil sections of the
empennage.
 That portion of the system provides
该系统中的这一部分能够使飞机在地面 for rolling and stopping the aircraft
while on the ground and stopping wheel
上滑行和制动，并在起落架收上后使机
rotation after retraction, including
轮停止转动，具体包括旋转轴密封装置
items such as swivel glands, anti-skid
、防滑装置、压力指示器、管道等。 devices, pressure indicators, plumbing,
etc.

Those units and components provide for

这些组件和部件能够提供外部和内部照 external and internal illumination such
明，包括着陆灯、滑行灯、航行灯、旋 as landing lights, taxi lights,
转式信号灯、积冰信号灯、主警告灯、 position lights, rotating lights, ice
乘客阅读灯和机舱顶灯等。 lights, cabin warning lights, passenger
reading and cabin dome lights, etc.

That portion of the system is used to

该系统中的这一部分用来控制飞机在地 control the direction of movement of
面上的运动方向，包括作动筒油缸、操 the aircraft off the ground, including
纵装置、轮架旋转开锁装置等。 items such as shock strut, controls,
bogie swivel unlock, etc.

Navigation and full/static pressure

导航和皮托管/静压系统指那些提供飞 systems refer to those units and
机导航信息的组件和部件，包括甚高频 components that provide aircraft
全向信标、皮托管、静压管、仪表着陆 navigation information, covering OOMB,
系统、飞行指引仪、罗盘、指示器等。 pitot, static, ILS, flight guides,
binnacles, indicators, etc.

着陆和滑行助航设备包括航向道、下滑 Landing and Taxiing Aids include items

道、仪表着陆系统、信标、地面制导系 such as localizer, glide slope, ILS,
统等项目。 markers, ground guidance systems, etc.

相关位置确定包括测距仪、应答机、无 Land navigation includes items such as

线电罗盘、罗兰、甚高频全向信标台、 DM, transponders, fluxgate compass,
自动定向仪等部件。 LORAN, VOR, ADF, etc.

The engine power control system manages

发动机功率控制系统可以控制主燃油控 and controls the main fuel control or
制器或调节器，包括涡轮螺旋桨发动机 synchronizer, which is inclusive of
上螺旋桨调速器的控制装置。 controls to the propeller modulator on
a turboprop engine.
 The turbo engine includes a compressor
bleed system, air cooling system, hot
涡轮发动机包括控制流经发动机空气流
air system, and engine starting system.
量的压气机引气系统、空气冷却系统、
The compressor bleed system can control
用于发动机防冰的热空气系统和发动机 the airflow through the engine, and the
启动系统。
air cooling and hot air systems are
used for engine anti-icing.

The turboprop engine controls include

涡桨发动机控制装置包括到调节器或等 linkages and controls to the
效装置的连杆装置和控制装置，以及从
coordinator or equivalent and from the
调节器或等效装置到螺旋浆调速器、燃
coordinator or equivalent to the
油控制组件的连杆装置和控制装置，或
其他受控组件。 propeller governor, fuel control unit,
or other units being controlled.

动力装置是指包括发动机、进气道、安 The power plant refers to the overall

power package, including engine, air
装架、整流罩、勺形进气口、整流罩盖 intake, bracket, cowling, nacelle, cowl
板、冷却隔板等在内的整体动力组合。
flaps, cooling baffles, etc.

"Maintenance Practices" which are a "Maintenance Practices" include

combination of servicing,
removal/installation, adjustment/test,
inspection/check, cleaning/painting,
and approved repairs should follow
the Troubleshooting Section.
servicing, removal/installation,
adjustment/test, inspection/check,
cleaning/painting, and approved
repairs. "Maintenance Practices" should
obey the instructions of the
Troubleshooting Section.

The removal/installation portion shall The removal/installation portion shall

state clearly the sequence of steps state clearly the sequence of steps
required to remove and reinstall a required to remove and reinstall a
component or unit, along with component or unit. This portion shall
precautions to be observed. also state precautions to be obeyed.

The function and operation of each The function and operation of each unit
unit in the system should be described in the system should be described. The
location of the units shouldn’t be
as well as the location of the units. described.
The emergency procedures check list
should be in concise, abbreviated form The emergency procedures check list
designed to remind pilots of items to should be in precise form. The list not
only tells pilots which items to check,
check without providing details but also provides everything about
concerning the operation of any operation details of systems.
system.

These tests should require no special

equipment or facilities other than that
installed on the aircraft and should be
comparable to the tests performed by
the flight crews.
These tests need no special equipment
or facilities except those installed on
the aircraft, and are like the tests
performed by flight crews.

In some cases, the Specification is

used to prepare a Continuing
Airworthiness Program for acceptance
by an airworthiness authority other
than FAA.
Sometimes, FAA and other airworthiness
authority may accept the Continuing
Airworthiness Program that uses the
Specification.

The second method does not require

pressurization of the pneumatic
crossover manifold, but utilizes an
external air source connected to the
air charging valve manifold to
pressurize the reservoirs for ground
maintenance.
Pressurization of the pneumatic
crossover manifold and use of an
external air source connected to the
air charging valve manifold to
pressurize the reservoirs for ground
maintenance is the second method.

Electronic devices that are used in
nearly all aircraft systems are the
computer for system control and
monitoring and the control inputs and
indications in the cockpit and sensors
throughout the whole aircraft.
You can find electronic devices in
nearly all aircraft systems. They are
system control and monitoring computer,
the control inputs and indications in
the cockpit and sensors throughout the
whole aircraft.

If one or more blades are missing, If one or more blades are broken, make
make an entry in the engine logbook. an entry in the engine logbook.

Adjust the potentiometer until you do If there is hum from the loudspeaker,
not hear a hum from the loudspeaker. don't adjust the potentiometer.

The repair limits are not given

because special equipment is The repair limits are not permitted as
special equipment is required.
necessary.

The operational test for the HFS-900D The operational test of HFS-900D
transceivers is a BITE test which does transceivers is an internal functions
a check of the internal functions of the check of the HF transceiver and it is a
HF transceiver. BITE test.
To depressurize standby system, the
hydraulic system A has to be
depressurized to open the rudder
hydraulic system selector valve,
allowing hydraulic fluid flow to the
lower rudder actuator.
As the depressurization of the
alternate system, the hydraulic system
A must be released to open the rudder
hydraulic system selector valve and
permit hydraulic fluid to flow to the
rudder actuator below.

If a supply shutoff valve was closed If a supply shutoff valve was closed
for less than five minutes, no within five minutes, no maintenance
maintenance is required and shutoff performance is needed and shutoff
periods are not accumulative. periods are not accumulated.

Revisions are to be made consistent

with the format of the specification By using the basic provisions of FAR
21.50, revisions become consistent with
using the provisions of FAR 21.50 as the format of the specification.
a basis.

The Emergency Procedures check list
should be limited to the minimum
number of items determined to be
essential to aid the pilot in an
emergency.
The items in the Emergency Procedures
check list are determined to be
essential in aid of the pilot in an
emergency and should be limited to the
minimum number.

Utilizing an airplane as intended by

the manufacturer, combined with
sound inspection and maintenance
practices, forms the basis for assuring
the airplane remains airworthy and
safe to operate.
The basis for assuring an airplane
remains airworthy and safe to operate
is to combine the manufacturer's
requirements with sound inspection and
maintenance practices.

The main objective is to show how to
maximize ground miles per gallon by
careful flight planning and attention to
good operating procedures.
Explaining how to obtain the maximum
ground miles per gallon through careful
flight planning and attention to good
operating procedures is the primary
content.

Open communication should exist with

the operator telling the manufacturer When some new kind of situation occurs,
as soon as some new kind of situation the operator should communicate openly
with the manufacturer. The manufacturer
arises and the manufacturer should supply the operator solid
responding back with solid help to the assistance.
operator.
These tests should require no special
equipment or facilities other than that
installed on the aircraft and should be
comparable to the tests performed by
the flight crews.
It is intended that manufacturers retain
and exercise reasonable judgement
and latitude in the content of their
publications with respect to depth and the contents of their publications.
scope of coverage.
For simplicity of presentation and
understandability, complex systems
should be divided into system-function
rather than overall master wiring
diagrams. Interconnects to other
systems should be plainly noted.
The wording given in the approved
examples is not mandatory. It shows
only one method to write the same
information with approved words. You
can frequently use different
constructions with other approved
words to say the same thing.
Get the correct tools to open the
containers for these materials.If you
do not obey these precautions, injury
to your skin and lungs can occur.
Procedures for handling malfunctions
or other abnormalities that are not of
emergency nature, or involve a
potential emergency that may be
deferred may be included in this
Section.
The Preface has been omitted in the
sample CAP in Section III and the
necessary information has been
included in the Objectives.
If you push the LSK that is adjacent to
EXIT, then the BITE will take you out
of BITE test and put the airplane back
to its usual condition.
These tests should only use the
equipment or facilities installed on
the aircraft. These tests should be
able to perform by the flight crews.
Manufacturers would like to reserve and
exercise the right to make reasonable
judgments about the depth and scope of
To simplify the overall master wiring
diagram to make it easy to understand,
complex systems should be described in
terms of functional interconnections.
The wording given in the approved
example is of a suggested nature. It
only represents approved words for
writing the same information. You can
express the same thing with different
constructions and other approved words.
Use the correct tools to open the
containers for these materials.If you
do not follow these prerequisites,
injury to your skin and lungs can
occur.
Procedures for handling malfunctions or
other abnormalities that are not
emergent, or potentially emergent may
be delayed in this section.
The Preface has been neglected in the
sample CAP in Section III and the
necessary information has resumed in
the Objectives.
After pressing the LSK next to EXIT,
the BITE will take you out of BITE test
and the airplane will return to its
normal condition.
Differences in the fuel/water sample
and the ability of the detection kits to
consistently measure the level of
microbial growth make it important to
retest and verify test results.
Retesting and reviewing test results
are optional due to discrepancies in
the fuel/water sample and the ability
of the detection kits to continuously
measure the level of microbial growth.

Move the IDG forward until the input

shaft is free of the accessory gearbox Move the IDG forward and outboard until
and QAD ring, then move the IDG it is away from the accessory gearbox,
outboard and away from the power QAD ring and power plant.
plant.

They include the tail assembly ,the
structures at the rear of the airplane
that serve to control and maneuver
the aircraft and structures forming part
of and attached to the wing.
They comprise the three parts as
follows:tail assembly,the structures at
the rear of the airplane ,structures
forming part of and attached to the
wing.

The auxiliary battery and auxiliary

battery charger connects in parallel
with the main battery during non-
normal conditions to help supply
power.
The auxiliary battery and auxiliary
battery charger and the main battery
connect together during non-normal
conditions to help supply power.

It is generally preferable to remove the

damage prior to submitting information It is not recommended that we remove
to Boeing for review except for dents the damage prior to submitting
on metallic and composite structures, information to Boeing,such as dents on
metallic and composite structures, and
and delamination or punctures to delamination or punctures to composite
composite structure unless removal is structure.
already approved by SRM, CMM

However, an “emergency” almost always

An “emergency” however, almost
always involves a failure that requires
immediate and rapid response, such
as a total powerplant failure, fire or
smoke, or rapid cabin decompression.
entails a failure that requires to
respond immediately and rapidly, for
example, the situations that a total
powerplant fails, the fire or smoke
occurs, or the cabin are depressurized
rapidly.
Where possible, examples, associated
conditions and technique should be Present the examples, associated
presented on the same page as the conditions and technique on the
chart. If space is not sufficient to possible page of the chart and use the
page including the chart to concise the
include the necessary information, necessary information if the space is
then the page facing the chart should insufficient.
be used.

The trailing edge flaps up limit switch

sends flap position data to
SMYD1.The SMYD1 uses this during
yaw damping to limit rudder
movement when flaps are up.
The SMYD1 will limit rudder movement
when flaps are up if trailing edge
flaps receive data from up limit switch
of SMYD1 during yaw damping.

The mach trim actuator also causes
the elevator to be in a more nose
down position during takeoff which
allows the pilots to move the stabilizer
to a more nose up position.
Pilots have more opportunity to move
stabilizer to nose up position during
takeoff thanks to the mach trim
actuator who commands elevator to a
more nose down position.

The purpose of the autopilot actuator

is to change electrical commands from The actuator receives a hydraulically
the FCC into a hydraulically controlled controlled mechanical command from FCC
mechanical output.The outputs of the who sends an electrical commands and
the aileron and the elevator power
actuators become inputs to the aileron control units(PCU) will carry out this
and the elevator power control command.
units(PCU).

This is the minimum concentration of This is the maximum portion of

flammable vapors in air below which flammable vapors in air. If the portion
is bigger, when an ignition source
propagation of flame does not occur touched the gas, it would cause the
on contact with a source of ignition. fire to be diffused.

This data sheet prescribes conditions
and limitations under which the
product for which the type certificate
was issued meets the airworthiness
requirements.
This data sheet defines that the
product, published by the type
certificate, satisfies the
airworthiness necessities complying
with the conditions and limitations.
The airworthiness concern requires
prompt action, based on the potential
for having similar or more severe
corrosion on any other airplane in the
operator's fleet, prior to the next
scheduled inspection of that area.
The airworthiness problem needs to be
resolved by the way any other airplane
does in the operator's fleet has equal
or more damaging corrosion, and it has
to be done before the regular check of
that zone.

Remove the test cap on the control
pressure sense line from the
Precooler Control Valve to the 3908
sensor and make sure air flows out of
the test port.
Remove the test cap between the
Precooler Control Valve and the 3908
sensor on the control pressure sense
line and ensure that there is air
flowing out of the port.

The selection of data by the handbook The selection of data by manual

producer, to be included in this producers which are included in this
Section shall be governed by the section shall be restrained by the
concepts contained in the preface of concepts contained in the preface of
this Specification. this specification.

The Federal Aviation Regulations

require the use of "maximum
continuous power", during certification
of an airframe and engine
combination, to show compliance with
certain standards.
The Federal Aviation Regulations
require "maximum continuous power" to
be used during airframe and engine
combination certification to show
obedience with certain criteria.

Solenoid valves shall be shown with a Solenoid valves shall be shown with a
notation indicating whether the valve notation. The notation indicates the
is spring-loaded to the open or closed spring is loaded by the valve to the
position. open or closed position.

This Specification is designed to This Specification is designed to

provide guidance for the preparation provide guidance for the development of
of Handbooks for all types of general Handbooks for all types of general
aviation airplanes. These airplanes are
aviation airplanes originally certificated originally certificated at minimum
at maximum takeoff weights of 12,500 takeoff weights of 12,500 pounds or
pounds or less. more.
Section 1 of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook shall present basic data
and information of general interest to
the pilot which is useful in loading,
sheltering, handling, and routine
preflight checking of the airplane.
In order to achieve the objectives of
this Specification (enhance safety,
reduce efforts, minimize costs), each
manufacturer is expected to
reasonably adhere to the Specification
content and arrangement.
Transfer of hydraulic fluid between
hydraulic system A and B is caused by Uncontrolled system or old equipment
cause hydraulic fluid flow from
improper operation of system controls hydraulic system A to B.
or worn equipment.
A reporting system, consistent with
the system employed by the ABC
Service Organization, has been
established and incorporated into this
document.
For Unscheduled Maintenance
Checks, the manufacturer will have
the option to include Time
Limits/Inspections and Maintenance
Checks in a separate manual,
providing they are also placed in the
Maintenance Manual.
Where chapters have been eliminatd
through combining with other
chapters, the original chapter heading
will be listed in the table of contents in
the front of the manual and a
reference given as to where the
material is now located.
Section 1 of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook shall introduce basic data and
information of general interest to the
pilot. The data and information is
useful in loading, sheltering,
handling, and routine preflight
checking of the airplane.
Each manufacturer is expected to abide
by the Specification content and
arrangement without any deviation in
order to reasonably achieve the
objectives of this Specification
(enhance safety, reduce efforts,
minimize costs).
A reporting system, conherent with the
system applied by the ABC Service
Organization, has been established and
included in this document.
The manufacturer may choose to include
information on Unscheduled Maintenance
Checks, including Time
Limits/Inspections and Maintenance
Checks, in a separate manual. Reference
points must be listed in the
maintenance manual.
If a chapter is deleted by merging with
other chapters, the original chapter
title will be listed in the table of
contents at the front of the manual and
the location will be indicated in the
reference materials.
Those instructions necessary to park
or store the aircraft in normal or
abnormal conditions such as with
engines removed, aircraft damaged,
etc. for short or long terms in
extremes of weather conditions.
The usual control for the left pack
makes sure that it supplies air at a
temperature that gives the necessary
cooling for the flight compartment.
Always make sure that you know what
you want to say and that the words To know what you want to say and to use
the words that give the wanted meaning
that you use give the meaning that shall always be assured.
you want.
CAP supplements the airplane's
maintenance manual (or Instructions
for Continuing Airworthiness) which is
the primary document containing the
procedures for the continuing
airworthiness of the airplane.
You can do the test in two different
ways -- either with the Central
Maintenance Computer System via
the MCDU, like you have probably
learned already, or with a test switch
on the VOR receiver in the avionics
compartment.
This organization was asked to
investigate the readability of
maintenance documentation in the
civil aviation industry and find a
solution to simplify the language used
to write such documentation.
Those instructions necessary to park or
store the aircraft in normal or
abnormal conditions such as with
engines removed, aircraft damaged,
etc.neither short-term nor long-term.
The usual control for the left pack
ensures that it supplies air at a
temperature. The temperature gives the
occasional cooling for the flight
compartment.
The supplements of CAP are the
airplane's maintenance manual (or
Instructions for Continuing
Airworthiness). The CAP is the primary
document containing the aircraft's
continuous airworthiness procedures.
Two controversial ways can be chosen to
do the test, either with the Central
Maintenance Computer System through a
the MCDU, like you have probably
learned already, and with a test switch
on the VOR receiver in the avionics
compartment.
This organization was asked to look
into the readability of maintenance
documentation in the civil aviation
industry and find a resolution to
simplify the language used to write
such documentation.
Water displacing corrosion inhibiting At the location shown in the figure,
compound has been applied during waterproof corrosion inhibiting
construction on certain airplanes in the compound has been used on certain
locations shown in this figure. Periodic aircraft construction. To keep the
reapplication in these, and other effectiveness of this protection,
locations, is required to maintain reapply the compound in these or other
effectiveness of this protection. locations periodically.

Although this specification conforms to Even though this specification is

recognized industry practices , it is conformed to recognized industry
written in broad general terms and it is practices , it is prepared in broad
recognized that problems will arise genuine terms and it is recognized that
which are not treated adequately by problems will occur which are not
the specification. handled enough by the specification.

The check list may be followed by

additional information to provide pilots Additional information may follow the
check list to make the check list
with a better understanding of the easier for the pilots to understand it.
reasons for actions in the check list.

Emergency Procedures and other

pertinent information necessary for
safe operations shall be provided for
emergencies peculiar to a particular
airplane design, operating or handling
characteristics.
Based on different airplane design, the
Emergency Procedures and other
pertinent information necessary for
safe operation should only be provided
for some airplane.

When there is an "emergency"

situation, it is usually a failure that
requires an immediate and quick
response, such as an entire engine
failure, fire or smoke, or perhaps a
rapid drop in cabin pressure.
For "emergency", the related failure
should be responded immediately, for
example, the total engine failure, fire
or smoke, sudden cabin pressure lost.

Due to frequent changes in, or varying

combinations of, some types of
equipment such as avionics and
instrumentation, one or more separate
documents for these products may be
required.
One or more separate documents for some
types of equipment such as avionics and
instrumentation may be required because
they change frequently or they have
various combinations.
In designing schematic diagrams, it
may be necessary to compromise
between detail that is necessary to
make the diagram self-explanatory,
and simplicity that is essential for ease for ease of reading and understanding.
of reading and understanding.
Utilizing an airplane as intended by
the manufacturer, combined with
sound inspection and maintenance
practices , forms the basis for
assuring the airplane remains
airworthy and safe to operate.
Each Handbook shall have an
"Airplane Weighing Form" that
includes an airplane side view
showing the location of weighing
points (using jacking points or
undercarriage) relative to the datum
line.
The purpose of STE is to give
technical writers guidelines on how to
write technical texts in a clear, simple
and unambiguous manner that
readers throughout the world will find
easy to understand.
This letter also provides procedures
that can be used to help mitigate
moisture ingress into the connector
cavity until such time that the moisture
problem can be resolved and a
service bulletin is available to correct
the problem.
Although this specification conforms to
recognized industry practices, it is
written in broad general terms and it is If this specification is written in
recognized that problems will arise
which are not treated adequately by
the specification.
Schematic diagram designers may make a
compromise so as to add more details to
make the diagram self-explanatory and
keep its simplicity at the same time
The airworthiness and safe operation of
an airplane is assured if it's used as
its original design purpose, properly
inspected and carefully maintained.
An "Airplane Weighing Form" shall be
included in each handbook and the form
shall contain an airplane side view
that shows the location of weighing
points (using jacking points or landing
gear) relative to the datum line.
The aim of STE is that readers all over
the world can easily understand the
technical texts and that writers who
are responsible for preparing technical
texts know how to prepare them in a
easy method.
If there is a available service
bulletin to correct the problem of
moisture ingress into the connector
cavity,the letter then will be useless.
professional terms, the problems won't
arise.
Utilizing an airplane as intended by
the manufacturer, combined with
sound inspection and maintenance
practices, forms the basis for assuring
the airplane remains airworthy and
safe to operate.
The cover title and applicable airplane
designation shall be prominently
displayed on the cover or spine of the
Handbook. Other information may be
displayed on the cover.
This document shall specify, for a
crack inspection, the minimum size
crack expected to be discovered or, if
no minimum is defined, a statement to
this effect.
It shall be made clear that when the
subject system or equipment is
installed, the associated Supplement
must be in the Pilot's Operating
Handbook at all times.
These inspection features are
mandatory and cannot be changed or
deleted without the approval of the
FAA Oversight Office that is
responsible for the airplane model
Type Certificate.
If you use alternative tools or
equipment, it is the operator's
responsibility to make sure that they
give the same results and are as safe
to the parts and personnel as the tools
or equipment specified in the
procedure.
When it is necessary to order any wire
bundles from Boeing, operators
should provide the base wire bundle
number (61-30396 in this case) and
tail number of the airplane where the
bundle is to be installed on.
Utilizing an airplane as intended by
the manufacturer and sound inspection
and maintenance practices is basis that
assures the airplane remains airworthy
and safe to operate.
On the cover page, there should be the
title and corresponding aircraft name
displayed on the spine of the Handbook.
Some other information may also be
shown on the cover.
This document shall clearly states the
minimum size crack you may discover in
a crack inspection. If no minimum is
defined, it shall have a statement that
has the same effect.
Apparently, the Supplement about the
subject system or equipment, if
installed, must be in the Pilot's
Operating Handbook whenever applicable.
If there is no approval of the FAA
Oversight Office that manages the
airplane model Type Certificate, anyone
cannot change or delete these
inspection features that are
compulsive.
It is the responsibility of the
operator to ensure that alternative
tools or equipment can work well and
are dangerous to the parts and
personnel as the ones specified in the
procedure if you use them.
If ordering any wire bundles from
Boeing is mandatory, operators has the
right to purchase the bundles from
other supplier and ask them to provide
the base wire bundle number (61-30396
in this case) and tail number of the
airplane.
Detailed information on more complex
and specialized subjects may either
be included in the basic Maintenance
Manual or made available as separate
documents at the option of the
manufacturer and to the extent the
manufacturer determines appropriate.
This specification provides for the
preparation and issuance of less
complex manuals for less complex
airplanes than those operated by the
large scheduled airlines while
achieving industry wide
standardization of nomenclature and
format.
Use white paper with good strength
characteristics and of sufficient weight
and substance to eliminate excessive
show-through when printed on both
sides.
Format and layout is to be determined
by the CAP producer, recognizing that
it is desirable that the format and
layout should be similar to the
producer's existing documents
Sometimes you must break long
sentences into shorter ones, delete
information which is not necessary, or
ask an engineer for further
explanation.
Using the wet wing concept, all fuel is
stored in three tanks, main tank 1,
main tank 2, and center tank, which
are constructed of the primary wing
structure.
The positive pressure relief valves are
fail safe devices that bleed fuselage
pressure overboard if the aft outflow
valve fails closed.
Manufacturer determines specific range
properly to describe sophisticated and
professional information. The
information can be put in Maintenance
Maunal or other documents.
This specification provides for the
preparation and insurance of more
complex manuals for less complex
aircraft than aircraft operated by
large scheduled airlines, while
achieving industry-wide standardization
of naming and formatting.
Use white paper with good strength
characteristics and enough weight and
substance to eliminate excessive print
leakage when printing on both sides.
The CAP compiler should determine the
format and layout, it is desirable that
the format and layout should be similar
to the compiler's current documents.
Sometimes you have to change long
sentences to shorter ones, remove
unnecessary information, or ask an
engineer to get further explanation.
Using the wet wing concept, all fuel is
stored in three tanks. These three
tanks include main tank 1, main tank 2
and center tank. Center tanks are made
up of the main wing structure.
The positive pressure relief valves are
fail safe devices. If the aft outflow
valve cann’t be closed, these positive
pressure relief valves bleed fuselage
pressure overboard.
A clogged air filter causes low flow
through the equipment cooling supply
system. Replacement of the air filter
on a regular maintenance schedule is
necessary. Release the quick release
tabs on the air filter housing cover to
get access to the filters.
When accumulated revisions,
including back-up pages, total over
60% of the total pages in the manual,
a reissue of the manual should be
prepared.
Space permitting, legends shall be
spelled out within the diagram rather
than abbreviated by numerals to a list
of legends at the bottom or on an
adjacent page.
If the clearance dimension is out of
tolerance, adjust the clearance
dimension between the extend
proximity sensor [44A] and the target
[45]. Some of the ducts in the air
distribution system are wrapped with
insulation material.
As necessary, use the applicable
SAFETY BARRIERS, specified by the
operator's instructions and your local
regulations. These communications
are subjected to atmospheric
disturbances and difficult to
understand.
The Check List may be arranged by
"Challenge" and "Response" headings
for two pilot airplanes or by "Item" and
"Condition" headings for single pilot
Airplanes.
Air filter needs to be replaced on
regular maintenance schedule, because
it often causes low flow through the
equipment cooling supply system.
Quickly release the tabs on the air
filter housing cover to reach the
filters.
When the cumulative revised pages
(including back-up pages) exceeds 60%
of the total pages of the manual, a
reissue should be prepared.
It is permitted to show the legends
within the diagram instead of listing
at the bottom or on an adjacent page by
the abbreviation number.
If the clearance dimension is not
accurate, adjust the clearance
dimension between the extend proximity
sensor [44A] and the target [45]. Some
of the ducts in the air distribution
system are wrapped with insulation
material.
As necessary, use the applicable SAFETY
BARRIERS, classified by the operator's
instructions and your local
regulations. These communications are
subjected to atmospheric interference
and difficult to understand.
The Check List may be designed by
"Challenge" and "Response" headings or
by "Item" and "Condition" headings for
two pilot airplanes or for single pilot
Airplanes.
This Section of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook shall clearly and precisely
describe the recommended
procedures for the conduct of normal
operations.
Rafts passing tests and inspections
may remain in service indefinitely
since the inflation tests and material
inspections will identify and condemn
rafts having more than minor
installation defects.
On schematic diagrams with a large
number of listed items, the items shall
be presented in a logical order, such
as the sequence of the arrangement
of the items in the airplane.
As per Boeing Docs, related ADs,
changing the size of the thrust
reverser upper locking actuator lock
sensor target could delay or prevent
detection of the failure of the locking
mechanism of a thrust reverser upper
locking actuator.
For purposes of this specification,
"airplane" refers to the airframe and
related components specified in the
Type Certificate or made available as
options by the airplane manufacturer.
Recommended Fuel Conservation
Information shall be integrated into
this section to show the pilot how to
minimize fuel usage during operation
of the airplane.
This section of the pilot's manual
should clearly and confusedly provide
recommended procedures for conducting
normal operations.
Because the inflation tests and
material inspections can identify and
condemn rafts which have more than
minor installation defects, rafts which
pass the tests and inspections may be
in service for a period time with no
fixed limit.
The schematic diagrams need to list a
lot of instructions, so the items
listed are ordered according to certain
rules, this is the order in which the
items are placed on the plane.
According to Boeing Docs and associated
ADs, changing the dimension of the
thrust reverser upper locking actuator
lock sensor target can result in slow
detection of the failure or undetected
failure.
For purposes of this specification,
"aircraft" means the relevant optional
parts of the airframe and parts
specified in the type certificate or
supplied by the aircraft manufacturer
Suggested Fuel Conservation Information
shall be incorporated into this section
to show the pilot how to reduce the
fuel usage to a minimum.
The rules contained in this
specification shall serve as guides for The function of the rules in this
format, style and method of specification is to direct the revising
of all materials that are contained in
presentation for all material included in Maintenance Manuals prepared by
Maintenance Manuals prepared by manufacturers.
manufacturers.

Limitations contained in this Section

shall be clearly noted and cross-
referenced to the appropriate
paragraph in Section 2 of the
Handbook.
This Section shall be clearly stated
and cross-referenced to the proper
paragraph in Section 2 of the Handbook
which consists of limitations.

In addition to this example of

style and format for a CAP, a 编写CAP手册时除参考本规范的样式和格式外
manufacturer may use its ，制造商也可以使用自己出版物的格式或其
publication style manual or 他适当格式。
another appropriate style manual.

NOTE: The Preface has been omitted 注：在本规范CAP III节的样例中，“前言”

in the sample CAP in Section Ill 省略了，必要的信息已经包含在“目标”中
and the necessary information has 了。
been included in the Objectives.

Both digits of Chapter Number in

the Continuing Airworthiness 《持续适航维修大纲》检查文件编号中系统
Program lnspection number are 代号的两位数字应使用GAMA第2号规范的编号
determined by GAMA Specification 体系。
No. 2 Numbering System.

This reporting system does not

supersede the normal channels of 这一报告系统并非用于取代《持续适航维修
communication for items not 大纲（CAP）》未涵盖项目的常规沟通渠道。
covered by the CAP.

The operator may use standard ABC

Condition Report form(s) or an 运营人可以使用标准的ABC“状况报告表”或
equivalent containing the same 包含相同信息的同等表格。
information.
Remove wing-fuselage attach 拆下机翼以及机身所有连接整流罩。
fairings.
Vertical Stabilizer Tip Rib
垂直安定面上翼肋改装
Modification
Additional weight and balance and 可以提供额外的重量和平衡数据以及相关信
related information may be
息。
provided.
The manufacturer should use
formats appropriate to the 制造商应使用适合于特定飞行器和《飞行员
specific airplane and the size of 操作手册》尺寸的格式。
the Pilot's Operating Handbook.
This paragraph describes the
procedure for establishing weight 本段描述了建立空机重量和力矩（相对于参
and moment (relative to reference 考基准面）的程序。
datum) of the empty airplane.

The calculation procedures and

“basic empty weight” data used 应说明载荷计算中使用的配载程序和“基本
in loading calculations shall be 空重”考量。
explained.
Equipment without significant
effect on the weight or balance of 对改变飞机重量或平衡有显著效果的设备不
需要列出。
the airplane need not be listed.
Describe each equipment list item
and show its weight and airplane 描述每条设备列表条目，并显示其重量和相
location, with respect to the 对于飞机基准面的位置。
datum.

In the description of the

airplane's Airframe, seating
描述飞机机体时，应描述所有的座位安排。
arrangements available shall be
described.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Controls,
operating mechanism shall be 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应描述运行机构
、提供示意图。
described, and if necessary,
sketches shall be provided.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Controls, 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应说明平衡设置
trimming arrangements shall be 。
explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Controls, any 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应说明任何交叉
interconnect arrangement shall be 连接设置。
explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Controls, if 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，如果操作增强，
controls are boosted, the revelant 说明系统。
systems shall be explained.
In the description of the
airplane's Baggage Compartments, 在描述飞机行李舱时，应给出装载提示。
tips on loading shall be given.

In the description of the

airplane's Lighting Systems, the
描述飞机打光系统时，应描述各种内部和外
various interior and exterior 部打光系统。
lighting systems shall be
described.

In the description of the

airplane's Landing Gear, 描述飞机起落架时，应描述其相应的结构（
构件）。
construction shall be described.
In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear, 描述飞机起落架时，应描述收回方法（如有
retraction mechanism, if provided, ）。
shall be described.
In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear, shock
absorption system shall be 描述飞机起落架时，应描述减震系统。
described.
In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear, wheel 描述飞机起落架时，应描述前轮制动。
brakes shall be described.
In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear, its
描述飞机起落架时，应说明应急展开系统。
emergency extension system shall
be explained.

If the flap extension does not

agree with the position of the 如果襟翼的伸出量与控制杆的位置不一致，
flap control lever, do the rigging 重复安装程序。
procedure again.

The charts, diagrams, and text

show the area, dimensions,
stations, access doors and 飞机结构件的面积、尺寸、站位、接近门以
physical locations, of the 及物理位置由表、图和文本表示。
structural members of the
aircraft.

The section 12-10 of AMM describes

replenishing. It provides
instructions necessary for the AMM 的第 12章第10节是关于补给的。它提供
了添加燃油、滑油、液压油、水、其他液体
replenishment of fuel , oil , 和轮胎充气等所需的说明。
hydraulic fluid , water, other
fluids , tire pressure, etc…

The procedure that follows

contains information as specified 以下程序包含 IATA 关于标准飞机加油程序
in the IATA Guidance Material on 的指导材料中指定的信息。
Standard Into-Plane Fueling
Procedures.

"Scheduled Servicing" includes

internal cleaning, etc. Shall not 计划性勤务包括内部清理等工作。不包括维
include lubrication procedures
required for the accomplishment of 修工作实施所要求的润滑程序。
maintenance practices.

"Unscheduled Servicing" includes

instructions such as those for ice “非计划性勤务”包括对于停放的飞机进行
and snow removal from parked
除冰除雪、在过长时间的停车后对星型发动
aircraft, preoiling of radial
engines after extended shutdown, 机进行预先润滑等方面的说明。
etc.

Environment control system is

composed of those units and
components which furnish a means 环境控制系统的这些单元和组件提供了一种
of pressurizing, heating, cooling,
加压、加热、冷却、湿度控制、过滤和处理
moisture controlling, filtering
通风区域内用于通风的空气的手段，包括压
and treating the air used to
力密封部分内的区域。
ventilate the areas of the
fuselage within the pressure
seals.
Speech communication utilizes
voice modulated electro-magnetic
语音通信利用语音调制电磁波来从空对空或
waves to transmit and/or receive
messages from air-to-air or air- 空对地的设备传输和/或接收消息。
to-ground installations.

Audio Integrating controls the

output of communications and
音频整合功能控制通信和导航接收机的输出
navigation receivers into the
，将其整合到飞行员的耳机和扬声器中，同
flight crew headphones and 时将飞行员麦克风的输出整合到通信传感器
speakers, and the output of the
中。
flight crew microphones into the
communications transmitters.

Electrical Power system is about

units and components which
generate, control and supply AC 电源系统讲的是发电、控制和向其他系统提
and/or DC electrical power for 供交流或直流电的组件和部件，包括发电机
other systems, including 、继电器、变流器、电瓶等。
generators and relays, inverters,
batteries, etc.

AC GENERATION includes items such

as inverters, AC generators,
control and regulating components, 交流发电系统包括变流器、交流发电机、控
制和调节组件， 指示系统，连到主汇流条的
indicating systems, etc., all
wiring to but not including main 导线，但主汇流条不包括在内。
buses, as applicable.

The AC electrical power

distribution on board is carried
out in several steps: from the
different sources towards the main
AC busbars; then, from the main AC
busbars, either directly towards
important consumers (pumps,
galleys...), or towards the
associat
飞机上的交流配电分几个步骤进行：从不同
电源到主交流汇流条;然后，从主交流汇流条
直接到重要的负载（泵，厨房......），或
向相关的子汇流条;从这些子汇流条分配到不
同的交流负载。

"Electrical Power" describes those

electrical units and components
which generate, control and supply 电源系统描述的是发电、控制和通过汇流条
AC and/or DC electrical power for 向其他系统提供交流/直流电的电气组件和部
other systems, including
generators and relays, inverters, 件，包括发电机、继电器、变流器、电瓶等
batteries, etc. , through the
busses.

It is under the tilte "Towing and

Taxiing" that the instructions
necessary to tow and taxi the 航空器拖动和滑行时任何可能遇到的情况的
aircraft in any of the probable 说明在”拖动与滑行”这个标题下。
conditions to which it may be
subjected.

Illustrations showing location of 显示连接点位置、转弯半径等信息的系统原

attachment points, turining
理图应包含在内。
radius, etc. , shall be included.
 "Towing and Taxiing" also
includes those instructions
necessary to tow or push the “拖动与滑行”中还包括如何在正常和如在
aircraft in normal or abnormal 软地面、湿滑或结冰的道面，发动机不在翼
conditions such as towing 或飞机受损等非正常情况下拖动和滑行的说
from soft ground and slippery or 明。
icy surfaces, with engines
removed, or aircraft damaged.

"Towing and Taxiing" shall

include equipment and materials "拖动和滑行”中应包括所需的设备和参考资
required such as towing vehicles, 料如拖车、拖杆、钢索等
tow bars, towing cables, etc..

It is under the tilte "Parking and

Mooring" that the instructions
necessary to park and moor the 航空器停留和系留时任何可能遇到的情况的
aircraft in any of the probable 说明在”停留和系留”这个标题下。
conditions to which it may be
subjected.

Charts showing location of landing

gear and control surface locks, 应有图标来显示起落架锁、舵面锁、堵头堵
blanking plugs and covers, mooring 盖、系留点等的位置。
points ,etc., shall be included.

Those instructions necessary to

park or store the aircraft in
normal or abnormal conditions such 将飞机停放或存放在正常或发动机不在翼、
as with engines removed, aircraft 飞机受损等;短期或长期暴露在极端天气中等
damaged, etc.; for short or long 异常条件下的必要说明，
terms in extremes of weather
conditions.

Procedures for a parked aircraft

are included in AMM such as
periodic engine running, control AMM中有停放飞机的程序，例如发电机重复开
or drainage of fluid systems, 车、控制或排放油液系统、静态接地等。
static grounding, etc.

"Parking" section also include

precautions and limitations such
as landing gear struct pressures
and wheel rotations, etc .
在”停放“这节中包含一些预防措施和限制
， 例如在起落架减震支柱内的压力和机轮的
转动方面。

The Maintenance Manual shall

provide the location and pictorial
illustrations of placard or 维护手册应提供标牌或标签的位置和图示，
marking indicating those which are 以表明哪些是最低设备清单要求的。
required by the minimum equipment
list.

Numbering shall be in numerical

progression, prefixed by the 编号应成数字级数排列，以章节号为前缀。
Section Number.
Warning, cautions and notes may be
used to highlight or emphasize 警告和注释可用来突出或强调重要的内容。
important points.
Normal operating procedures for
short field and soft field 短距和软地着陆时的正常操作程序
landings
Torquemeter displays the output
“扭矩计”体现了螺旋桨上可用的输出扭矩
torque available on the propeller
。
shaft.
Upper limit of this arc of the
airspeed indicator is maximum 该速度指示仪此段弧线的上限是需襟翼放下
speed permissible with flaps 时必须达到的最大速度。
extended.

Lower limit of this arc of the

airspeed indicator is maximum 该速度指示仪此段弧线的下限是着陆构型下
weight stalling speed in landing 的最大纵向速度。
configuration.
The incorporation of an Abnormal
Procedures Section in Handbooks is 推荐在手册中添加“非正常程序”部分。
encouraged.
Key words or switch and lever
positions are capitalized in the 关键字、开关及杠杆在“条件栏”大写。
Condition Column.
That portion of the systems which
controls the position and movement 控制水平安定面/前置平尾位置和移动的系统
of the horizontal 部分。
stabilizer/canard.
Skin is the exterior covering of
the fuselage including access 飞机的内部装饰板包括检修盖板和填充板。
covers and doublers.
Gearbox section is the case which
contains the gear trains and 齿轮箱是一个包含齿轮系和轴的箱体。
shafts.
The light and switches are used to
indicate operation or activation 这些灯和电门用来指示运行和螺旋桨系统激
of propeller systems. 活。

The power plant develops thrust

动力装置或通过排气或通过螺旋桨产生推力
either through the exhaust or
。
through a propeller.
The entire airframe and its
components are joined by rivets, 整个框架由铆钉、螺栓、螺钉和其他紧固件
bolts, screws, and other 连接。
fasteners.
Put safety barriers at the 在工作区入口处设置安全屏障。
entrance to the work area.
Make an entry in the log card. 在记录卡上做登记。
Be careful when you move jet pipes
or exhaust cones that have 当清洁带有绝缘层的喷管或排气锥时要小心
。
insulating blankets.
Use cleaning compound ardrox 6025, 使用清洁剂ARDR0X6025或替代物。
or an equivalent.
Deflate the tire. Release all the 给轮胎放气，释放所有氮气。
nitrogen
This step makes sure that the fuel
此步骤可以确保燃油泵工作正常。
pump operates correctly.
Make an estimate of the necessary
预估所需要的数量。
quantity.
Examine the damage after an 评估一个事故造成的损伤。
accident.
Let the compound dry. 使复合材料变干燥。
If the cable rubs, it will break
after some time. 如果电缆扭结，那么一段时间后会断开。

If there is an indication of a
leak, replace the valve. 如果测试指示无故障，则继续执行程序。

Put the repair sheet accurately on

将修理的盖板铺在受损伤的区域。
the damaged area.
Examine the blade for cracks. 检查叶片是否有裂纹。
Figure 2 is an example of a repair
图2是受损织物的修复过程示例。
procedure for a damaged web.
Decrease the nitrogen pressure to 降低氮气压力至120 磅/平方英寸。
120 PSI.
This filter removes all 这个过滤器能除去空气供应中的所有污染物
contamination from the air supply. 。
If the low pressure condition
continues, replace the unit. 更换零件的话，要持续处于低气压状态。

Remove all loose dirt from the

seat with a moist cloth. 用湿布清洁后排座椅上的松散污渍。

The vacuum equipment removes the 真空设备将空气注入到化合物中。

air from the compound.
Turn the adjuster counterclockwise 逆时针转动调节器60度。
in increments of 60 deg.
Before you move the controls,
disengage the locks. 在移动控制杆（器）前，检查锁定状态。

Do not fill the system directly

from a high-pressure storage- 直接从高压气瓶中放气是不可取的。
cylinder.
Disengage the clutch before you 解除离合器可以防止启动发动机时发生意外
start the engine. 。
Use disinfectant to clean the mask 使用消毒剂清洁面罩组件。
assemblies.
Blow through the tubes to remove
移除剩下的液体后向管子吹气。
the remaining fluid.
Do not change the sequence of the
work steps in the test. 在测试中，要灵活调整工作步骤的顺序。

The pressure decreases while the

胎压波动会降低轮胎冷却的速度。
tires become cool.
Make sure that the switch in each 确保电门在所有面板中设为正确的状态。
panel is set to “OFF”.
This material gives good 此材料有良好的防腐作用。
protection from corrosion.
After you complete the test,
在测试结束后，拆下热敏装置。
remove the sensor.
Drain approximately 2 litters of
从油箱内排放大约2升燃油。
fuel from the tank.
One generator can supply power for
一个生成器可以为所有系统提供电力。
all the systems.
Lift the cylinder above its
将气缸提升至上方位置后进行安装。
installed position.
If you shake the solution, do not 在搅拌均匀后，一小时内不可使用该溶液。
use it for one hour.
Make sure that the airflow is not
确保气流不低于10升/分钟。
more than 10 liters/minute.
Write the temperature on the
engine record card. 在记录发动机故障时写下发动机温度。

To get the correct value, set the

设置电门到位置2以得到正确的值。
switch to position 2.
At approximately 300 knots, the
灯只会在300节速度下亮起。
light comes on.
Discard all seals which are
保留部分未达到满意粘合度的密封。
unsatisfactorily bonded.
Fuel leaks can decrease engine
燃油泄漏会导致发动机受损。
performance.
Bleed the system before you 拆卸组件之前，先将系统泄压。
disconnect the components.
Support struts hold the floor
支撑柱将地板结构固定在适当位置。
structure in position.
The fueling hose must not hit the
加油软管不能碰到油箱的边缘。
edge of the tank.
If the lever moved accidentally,
如果杆被意外移动，请跳过测试。
do the test again.
If the temperature decreases to
less than zero, drain the water 如果温度降到零度，开启排放水系统。
system.
The motor stops when the flaps are 当襟翼完全放出后，马达停止。
at the end of their travel.
Apply the patch with the matt side 将光泽的一面贴在光泽的表面上。
against the glossy surface.
Turn the potentiometer until the
旋转电位器，直到灯变暗。
light is dim.
Gradually open the cocks on the 逐步打开充电装置上的堵盖。
recharging unit.
Lubricate the V-clamp with grease 拆卸前用润滑脂润滑V型卡箍。
before you install it.
Apply grease to the V-clamp before
在安装V型卡箍前先涂润滑脂。
you install it.
This group of sealing compounds is 这组密封剂不适用于紧急情况。
also applicable in an emergency.
Make sure that the guards are
确报开关的保护盖已经盖好。
installed on the switches.
Be careful when you cut lockwire. 锁住保险丝时要小心，它会伤害你的眼睛。
It can cause injury to your eyes.
At full thrust, the brakes must 全推力情况下，刹车必须能够防止飞机移动
prevent movement of the aircraft. 。
Operate the engine at idle for 20 维持发动机运转20分钟。
minutes.
When the light comes on, it must
当灯点亮时，它能够启动后视反光镜。
illuminate the rear reflector.
Make sure that the speed brake
确认减速板能够立即收回。
retracts immediately.
This coolant is not compatible 这种冷却剂与金属不兼容。
with aluminum alloys.
If the flap travel is not full,
如果副翼行程未满，请再次调整桅杆。
adjust the rods again.
Always keep the brightness control
on the LCD display at maximum. 始终保持液晶显示器在最大亮度。

Put the adapter in position

将适配器及其支撑设备固定在位。
against its support.
A higher temperature increases the
温度越高，融解的速度越快。
speed of evaporation.
If none of the brackets are 如果没有任何支架损坏，则继续执行此程序
damaged, continue the procedure. 。
Make sure that the adjustment is
确保在表1中给定的范围内进行测量。
in the limits given in table 1.
This material releases dangerous
fumes when it touches hot 在触碰热表面时，这种材料会释放出危险的
香味。
surfaces.
To calibrate the test set, refer
to the manufacturer's 参考制造商的指示说明来校准测试装置。
instructions.
To prevent accidental operation of
the system, install the safety 为防止系统出现事故，安装安全锁。
lock.
To make the curing process faster, 为加快固化过程，对部件进行热处理。
apply heat to the compound.
The fuel pump is installed 燃油泵安装在隔框附近。
adjacent to the bulkhead.
Supply containers of sufficient 供应足够容量和尺寸的容器。
capacity and diameter.
Give the different maintenance
tasks to the technicians. 给机械工分配不同的维修任务。
Dry the filter in the air. 风干过滤器。
All three bracket holes must align
所有三个螺栓孔必须与燃油管匹配。
with the fuel tube.
The indications must agree with
显示器必须与表中的数值一致。
the values in the table.
Operate the dimmer switch and make
sure that the intensity of the 操作调光开关，确保光线的强度发生变化。
light changes.
Do the troubleshooting procedure
to find the cause of the 做好排查工作，找到腐蚀原因。
malfunction.
Remove the corrosion with the
chemical compound that is 去除腐蚀以及表6001中提及的化学污染。
specified in table 6001.
This software is compatible only
with the specified operating 本课件仅适用于特定的操作系统。
system.
The precision of the gauges must
agree with the applicable quality 量规的精度必须符合适用的质量标准。
standard.
The radius of the curve must be a
曲线半径必须至少为8mm。
minimum of 8 mm.
A dedicated tool is necessary for
the installation of the unit. 维修这个组件需要校准过的工具。

Measure the depth of the dent with

用直尺和塞尺测量划痕的深度。
a straightedge and feeler gauges
To find the middle point, divide
找到中点，然后将测量出的数据除以2。
the measured clearance by two.
In this configuration, a different
在本构型中，必须执行不同的测试程序。
test procedure is mandatory.
Identify the component with a code
识别出有代码的部件，可以帮助再次正确安
to help you to install it again
装。
correctly.
Remove the detergent with a clean
cotton wiper that is moist with 用干净的棉布浸湿水后清除除污剂。
water.
NOTE: If the onboard software
package was lost, please 注：如果登机软件打包失败，将其补齐。
supplement the package.
Make sure that you can hear the
flight deck conversation in the 确保能用耳机听到飞行语音记录。
headphone.
Leave electrical power on, if the 如果电瓶需要断电，则断掉电源。
batteries need charging.

雷达罩的状况对其性能有着重要的影响 The condition of the radome is very

。 important for its performance.

提起座椅直至离开轨道锁。 The seat shall be lifted to leave the

track locked.

Possibly, the incorrect operation will

喷油嘴堵塞可能导致操作错误。
occur due to the contaminated oil jet.

Make sure that the coils of the oxygen

确保氧气软管的线圈不要相互摩擦。 hose do not rub together.

用适用的公式计算压力。 Proper recipe shall be adopted to

measure the pressure.

在高压环境下工作时，应遵守安全注意 Obey the safety precautions when you do

事项。 work with high voltages.

易燃物品与工作区域保持至少50英尺的 Arequired
maximum distance of 50 feet is
between consumable materials
距离。
and the work area.

等第一层油漆完全干透后再涂第二层。 Wait for the paint to dry completely

before polishing it again.
 Because of the risk of contamination,
为避免污染，必须在非常清洁的环境里
执行该任务。 you must do this task in a very clean
environment.

Visual difference is acceptable between

初始表面涂饰和新表面涂饰之间不应有
the previous surface and the new
视觉差异。
surface.

The lower seal comes into view

when you pull the lower bearing The lower seal appears as the lower
bearing is pulled down.
down.
Worn components should be replaced even
Replace components that are worn
if the damage is below the maximum
more than the maximum limits. limits.
In this example, we calculated the This example shows that we were only
data applicable only to a Type B allowed to calculate the data
unit. applicable to a Type B unit.
Before you put new oil in the
The filter must be replaced before
system, it is mandatory to replace putting new oil in the system.
the filter.
Make sure that the wire is in the Make sure the wire in this position is
position to cause the parts to able to unlock the parts.
lock.
Arrows shall be used to indicate
flow direction when needed to 当需要了解膜片时，使用箭头指示方向。
understand the schematic diagram.
Solenoid valves shall be shown
with a notation indicating whether 使用符号代表电磁活门，显示该活门是否是
the valve is spring-loaded to the 弹簧加载到开位或关位。
open or closed position.

Existing analyses were reviewed to

identify components and areas that 对现有分析进行了审查，以确定可能表现出
may have exhibited lower margins 较低安全裕度的部件和区域。
of safety.

The resulting data were used to

determine if the component should 如果这个部件应该纳入CAP，那么使用最终数
be considered for incorporation 据做出判断。
into the CAP.

Each item of Airplane Performance

shall include a statement of “飞机性能”中的每一项均应对与数据相关
significant conditions associated 的重要条件进行说明。
with the data.

The formats of performance

presentations and related
本规范中的示例应参照性能呈现格式、相关
parameters and rules shall follow 参数和规则。
the examples in this
Specification.

Reserve shall be computed as 45

minutes at the cruise power to be 计算在巡航功率下飞行45分钟所消耗的油量
。
used for the flight.
Put the upper cam in the position
把上凸轮放到与拆下时所做标记一致的位置
that agrees with the mark you made
。
at removal.
Clean the exterior of the
equipment and its mounting shelf 用真空清洁器和刷子清洁设备的内部及其底
hardware using a vacuum cleaner 座。
and brush.

If bronze particles were found,

repeat this full procedure (weight 如果发现铜颗粒, 在发现之日起的30天内重
off wheels) within 30 days from 复执行整个程序(机轮不承重)。
the date of the findings.

If the wheel temperature reaches as

如果机轮温度上升到177度以上，易熔
塞的芯就会熔化，轮胎就会漏气。 high as 177 deg., the core of safety
plug shears off and the tire slips.

如果在密闭空间使用溶剂，请确保工作 If you use solvent in a closed space,

make sure that there is good airflow in
区域有良好的空气流通。
the work area.

In flight deck, once you set probe

确保驾驶舱头顶板上的探头加温电门放 heater switches on the overhead panel
在自动位，所有的加温灯点亮。 automatically, all the heater lights
flash.

If as many as 50% of the holes are

如果污染物造成孔堵塞超过 50%，就要 contaminated, you should clean the
清洁显示组件后面的孔。
display units behinds the holes.

Turn the drain valve counterclockwise

当逆时针转动排放活门时，没有液体流 to cause the fluid to stop flowing
出, 除非按压该活门。 before the valve is pushed.

Small quantities of surface

blooming, which can occur on items Light
surface blooming, which can occur
on items in storage, is not detrimental
in storage, do not cause damage to
the component. to the component.

If the filters become clogged

A lab analysis of the contamination is
after an unusually short time,
required to the frequently clogged
send them to the laboratory for
filters.
analysis of the contamination.

If you do not install the rigging After the system is pressurized, the
pin, the elevators will move down elevators will drop down no matter
when there is no pressure in the where the rigging pin is installed.
system.

If you install the upper drag

strut incorrectly, it will hit the The
correction installation of the
upper drag strut can prevent the
lower drag strut during
retraction. retraction of the lower drag strut.
Three computers collect data and Data and parameters are gathered by
parameters from the systems and three computers from the systems and
put them together on the data link put together on the data link to the
to the display unit. display unit.

The airplane general arrangement

shall be illustrated with a scale
应使用比例尺图对飞机的总体布局进行说明
line drawing consisting of plan,
，该比例尺图由平面图、侧视图和正面视图
side and front views presented in
a vertical sequence upon a single 组成，并在单页上以垂直顺序展示。
page.

This method is recommended as

minimizing errors of distribution,
为了减少分配误差，推荐使用该方法，同时
and also informs owners of the
将系统和设备的功能特性告知所有者。
availability of systems and
equipment.

Revisions, additions and deletions

shall be identified by a vertical 用黑色字体在页面外侧对改版、补充和删除
black line along the outside of
进行说明，对应于已经更改的部分打印内容
the page opposite only that
portion of the printed matter that 。
was changed.

These ALIs are mandatory and

cannot be changed or deleted
这些ALIs 是强制性的，未经负责飞机型号证
without the approval of the FAA
office that is responsible for the 书的FAA
办公室或适用的监管机构的批准，
不能更改或删除。
airplane model Type Certificate,
or applicable regulatory agency.

After 10 flight cycles or 25 flight

如果杆端轴承的径向磨损大于0.010英
寸，在接下来的10个飞行循环或25个飞 hours, which comes first, the rod end
bearing shall be discarded if its wear
行小时内（先到为准）将其报废。 is greater than 0.010 inch of diameter.

Review the failures report from the

查阅飞机记录本的故障记录以及中央DU logbook and related fault messages with
或CDU上的相关故障信息，听取机组反 center DU or CDU, debrief the flight
映的故障, 报告故障并处理。 crew for faults and report them for
handling.

To make sure that ATC transceivers are

在模拟高度时，确保ATC应答机处于备
in standby mode, you must simulate
用状态， 否则可能会意外地产生虚假 altitude, otherwise false TCAS signals
的TCAS目标。
may occur intermittently.
The manufacturer will have the It is up to the manufacturer to decide
option to include Time
whether time limits/inspection and
Limits/Inspections and Maintenance
maintenance checks should be included
Checks in a separate manual, in a separate manual or in a
providing they are also placed in
maintenance manual.
the Maintenance Manual.

Overhaul of any or all components With the aid of the component

in this chapter must be manufacturer, all components in this
accomplished in a qualified shop chapter can be overhauled in any
in accordance with data supplied workshops with different
by the component manufacturer. qualifications.

All text shall be prepared in one The manufacturer shall prepare all text
or two columns with justification in either one or two columns with
at the discretion of the justification at his own discretion ,
manufacturer; however, two columns but, two columns are preferable for
are preferred for ease of reading. readability.
The precision of the adjustment
can change. 调节的精度可以改变。

Safety the clamp block across the

control lever forks with safety 用保险丝连接卡箍与控制杆拨叉确保安全。
wire.
Bare metal surfaces are usually
satisfactory for an electrical 裸露的金属表面通常适合电搭接。
bond.
Reinforcement plates make the lap 复合板材使搭接处更坚固。
joints stronger.
The pressure lines divide in
压力管路分布在不同方位。
different directions.
Calibrate the thermometer to the
计算热电偶温度计上的摄氏读数。
Celsius scale.
Fill the space between the patch
and the adjacent structure with 用密封剂填充补片及相邻结构之间的缝隙。
sealant.
Polish the window with a circular 沿四周向内对窗户进行抛光。
movement.
Turn the adjuster five clicks
counterclockwise. 逆时针转动调整器5圈。

In a high concentration, this

这种物质在高浓度时是有毒的。
material is poisonous.
First try to install the adaptor
with the shortest threaded area. 首先尝试安装有最短的螺纹区域的转接头。

Apply mineral hydraulic fluid to

the surface of parts that touch 在密封的零件表面涂抹磷酸酯基液压油。
the seals.
Do not stretch the seals more than 安装时非必要不要拉伸封严。
necessary when you install them.
The PI shows the remaining time to
PI 上显示完成数据复制所需的剩余时间。
make the copy of the data.
Do not use solvents that contain
不要让清洁剂接触带有瑞尔森（Rilsan）涂
chlorine to clean parts with a
层的零件。
Rilsan coating.
If you cannot remove a bolt
如果因出现腐蚀而不得不拆除螺栓，则涂抹
because of corrosion, apply
润滑油。
penetrating oil.
Give temporary protection to areas
对裸露的金属区域进行临时保护。
of bare metal.
If the filler bonds to the tool,
make the tool moist with cold 如果填充剂粘在工具上，用冷水湿润工具。
water.
Make a selection from the
available shims to get the correct 选择适用的垫圈，确定恰当的尺寸。
thickness.
Table 1 gives alternative 表1中列出的研磨剂是备选的，你可以选择使
adhesives which you can use. 用。
The external diameter must be
concentric to the internal 外圆周长必须与内圆周长相匹配。
diameter.
Examine the opening for cracks
检查开口是否从边角开始出现裂纹。
that start at its corners.
Identify the assembly with the 给组件涂上正确的颜色。
correct color.
If the damage is only to the
middle treads, the tire is 如果仅仅损坏了轮胎中间表面，轮胎还是可
用的。
serviceable.
This material causes corrosion of 如果不实施保护，这种材料会导致表面腐蚀
surfaces with no protection. 。
To make the curing process slower,
decrease the heat that you apply 为减慢固化过程，减少对化合物的加热。
to the compound.
Remove all the rigging pins and
equipment that prevent free 拆除所有阻止操纵舵面自由移动的校装销和
设备。
movement of the control surfaces.
Tighten the turnbuckle until you
have the correct tension in the 拧紧松紧螺套，直到钢索具有合适的张力。
cable.
Before disassembly, make sure that
you release all the nitrogen 装配之前，确保适当减少减震器里的压力。
pressure from the shock absorber.
Recommendations for ATC holding
operation in icing conditions for 应提供结冰条件下最多保持空中等待程序运
up to 45 minutes shall provided. 行45分钟的建议。

The primary document containing

the procedures for the continued
airworthiness of an airplane is
the airplane’s maintenance 包含飞机持续适航程序的主要文件是《飞机
维护手册》。根据本规范编制的CAP文件补充
manual. A document prepared in
并设计用于该手册内。
accord with this Specification
supplements, and is designed for
use with, that manual.
CAPs may be prepared for all types
of general aviation airplanes and 《持续适航维修大纲（CAP）》是针对所有类
components certificated under the 型的通用航空飞机和部件参与适用的《联邦
applicable Federal Aviation 航空条例》合格审定而准备的。
Regulations.

Some airplanes, particularly

relatively simple airplanes, may
not need CAPs because adequate
一些飞机，特别是相对简单的飞机，可能不
information to maintain their 需要CAP，因为《飞机的维护手册》中包含了
continuing airworthiness
在其使用寿命内保持其持续适航性的充分信
throughout their useful lives is
息。在这种情况下，无需发布CAP。
contained in the airplane’s
maintenance manual. In such cases,
a CAP need not be published.

A CAP supplements the airplane’s

maintenance manual (or
Instructions for Continuing CAP是对《飞机维护手册》（或《持续适航文
Airworthiness) which is the 件》）的补充，该手册是包含飞机持续适航
primary document containing the 程序的主要文件。
procedures for the continuing
airworthiness of the airplane.

The primary document containing

the procedures for the continuing
airworthiness of an airplane is
the airplane’s maintenance manual 包含飞机持续适航维修程序的主要文件是《
(Instructions for Continuing 飞机维护手册》（《持续适航文件（ICA）》
Airworthiness). A document ）。根据本规范编制的文件是补充性要求，
prepared in accord with this 应与飞机维护手册一并使用。
Specification supplements, and is
designed for use with, that
maintenance manual.

The Preface contains the following

information:
(l) The reasons for establishing
“前言”中可包含以下信息：（l）编制此
the CAP program and the underlying CAP文件的原因以及此CAP文件旨在预防的潜
problems to be prevented by
compliance with the specific CAP. 在问题；（2）此 CAP文件与飞机正常检查大
纲的关系。
(2) The relationship of the CAP to
normal inspection programs for the
airplane.

In addition to applicable airplane

models or components, the
Applicability Statement may also 除了适用的飞机模型或部件外，“适用性”
contain special information, such 声明还可能以注释形式包含特殊信息，如排
除或添加。
as exclusions or additions, in
note form.
The manufacturer may establish
procedures to provide feedback
(from operators and maintenance
制造商可制定程序，供使用CAP时发现的不适
facilities who comply with a CAP)
航的情况（无论是否包含在CAP中）提供反馈
on unairworthy conditions (whether （来自遵循CAP的运营人和维修机构）。
covered or not covered by the CAP)
that were discovered when
complying.

In two digits of Section Number in

the Continuing Airworthiness
Program lnspection number, the 在《持续适航维修大纲》检验编号中的章节
first digit is determined by GAMA 编号的两位数字中，第一位数字由GAMA规范2
Specification No. 2 Numbering 号编号系统确定，第二位数字由制造商依次
System, and the second digit is 确定。
determined sequentially by the
manufacturer.

INSPECTION COMPLIANCE sets forth

instructions regarding “when” an
“检查合规性”规定了关于“何时”需要检
inspection is required and whether
查的说明，是否为重复性检查。同时说明是
it is repetitive. Also state if 否需要根据初步检查结果进行额外的重复检
additional repetitive inspections
are required based on initial 查。
inspection results.

SIGNIFICANT INSPECTION CONDITION

(detectable crack size, wear
limits, corrosion condition, ctc.)
specifies, for a crack inspection, “重大的检查条件”用于描述裂纹检查时的
the minimum size crack expected to 最小尺寸以及其他检查条件时的磨损极限、
be discovered. Specifies, for 腐蚀坑深度等。
other inspection conditions, the
wear limits, corrosion pit depth.
etc.

REPAIR/MODIFICATION sets forth

repair or modification
instructions and may refer to a
“修理/改装”用于描述修理或改装说明，也
standard repair in another 可指向其他文件中的标准修理或其他地方定
document or a special repair or 义的特殊修理或改装，如在服务包、服务通
modification defined elsewhere,
告等中。
such as in a service kit, service
bulletin, etc.

The Continuing Airworthiness

Program Inspection Document (CAP)
is inspection data that, when
combined with the operator’s 《持续适航大纲检查文件》包含的检查数据
existing maintenance program, 连同运营人现有的维修大纲，有助于保持ABC
will help maintain the structural 公司 XXX系列飞机的结构完整性和持续适航
integrity and continued 性。
airworthiness of the ABC XXX
Series airplanes.
In addition to understanding FAA
Advisory Circulars AC 91-60 and AC
91-56, familiarity with GAMA
Specification No.2, Manufacturers 除理解FAA咨询通告AC 91-60和AC91-56外，
Maintenance Data and Air Transport
熟悉GAMA第 2号规范《制造商维护数据》和
Association of America
ATA第100号规范《制造商技术数据规范》也
Specification No.100,
Specification for Manufacturers 有助于制造商针对特定飞机编制CAP。
Technical Data, will aid in the
preparation of a CAP for a
specific airplane.

High-time airplanes, disassembled

for major overhaul, were inspected
在选择检查项目时，可参考使用时间较长的
to assist in selecting inspection
飞机所接受的大修拆解检查结果。作为补充
items. Other high-time airplanes’ ，还可参考此类飞机的其他特殊持续适航方
special Continuing Airworthiness
案（CAP）检查结果。
Program Inspection results
supplement these inspections.

The effects of corrosion have not

been considered in the rationale
in selecting inspection times or
in the effects on the fatigue 在选择检查时间的基本原理或对疲劳应力的
stresses. It is very difficult to 影响中，没有考虑腐蚀的影响。很难确定腐
determine the effects of corrosion 蚀的影响，但随着收到CAP检查的报告，检查
but, as the reports from the CAP 时间将针对任何严重问题进行调整。
inspections are received, the
inspection times will be adjusted
for any severe problems.

A review of test results

applicable to the design was made.
The loading conditions together
对适用于相关设计的测试结果进行了审查。
with the resulting margins of
safety were evaluated. The 对相关载荷条件及相应的安全裕度进行评估
resulting data were used to 。所得数据用于确定是否应考虑将该部件的
检查涵盖在CAP内。
determine if the component should
be considered for incorporation
into the CAP.

INSPECTION PROCEDURE sets forth

the inspection procedure(s) to be
utilized, such as magnetic “检查程序”用于列出要使用的检查程序，
particle, visual, etc, and may 如磁性粒子、目视检查等，也可参考其他文
reference another document for the 件（如《无损检测手册》）中包含的程序。
actual procedure, such as a
nondestructive testing manual.

Explain how to maintain this

record when changes to the weight
or moments of the airplane are 说明如何保持此记录，以便更改飞机的重量
made so that accurate starting 或力矩时，或在飞机正常运行时可以使用准
data is available to calculate the 确的起始数据来计算重量和重心。
weight and C.G. during normal
operation of the airplane.
This paragraph describes the
procedures to calculate weight and
本段描述了不同飞行阶段重量和力矩的计算
moment for various phases of a
程序，以及确保重心处于经批准范围内的程
planned flight and to ensure that 序。
the center of gravity is within
approved limits.

A weight and balance loading form

and an explanation of the 应提供重量平衡装载表，同时提供相关计算
calculation procedure shall be 程序的解释说明
provided.

In addition to the weight and

balance loading form, the
manufacturer may provide a device 除重量和平衡舱单外，制造商还可提供用于
to be used to calculate weight and 计算重量和平衡的装置，并提供使用说明。
balance. Instructions for its use
shall be provided.

The manufacturer shall provide an

equipment list in this Section, in
a separate document appended to 制造商应在本节中提供一个设备列表，并以
单独文件形式附在《飞行员运营手册》中，
the Pilot's Operating Handbook, or
或作为单独的文件。如果设备列表未包含在
as a separate document. If the 本节中，说明其位置。
equipment list is not contained in
this Section, state its location.

The equipment list, shall contain

all required or optional equipment 设备清单应包含特定飞机在交付时已安装的
installed in the particular 所有必需或选装设备。
airplane when delivered.

This Section of the Pilot's

Operating Handbook shall describe
the airplane in a manner
considered by the manufacturer to 撰写《飞行员操作手册》本节内容时，制造
be most informative to the kind of 商对飞机的描述应能够最大程度地便利目标
pilot considered most likely to 飞行员群体了解信息，因此可以不遵循本节
operate the airplane. The 中的段落顺序和内容安排。
paragraph order and detail in this
Section need not be followed in a
Handbook.

Generally, in describing the

airplane or its system, third
person wording should be used. 通常，在描述飞机或其系统时，应使用第三
(For example: The nose wheel is 人称。例如：前轮配备有摆振阻尼器（减摆
provided with a shimmy damper to 器），以防止地面滑行时前轮振颤。
keep the wheel from shimmying
while rolling on the ground.)

In the description of the

airplane's Instrument Panel, the 描述飞机仪表面板时，应命名并说明面板上
instruments, lights, switches and 的仪表、灯光、电门和控件的使用。
controls found on the panel shall
be named and their uses explained.
In the description of the
airplane's Instrument Panel, if 描述飞机仪表板时，如果安装了信号通告面
installed, how the annunciator 板，应说明其操作方式。
panel operates shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Instruments,
any new kinds of flight 描述飞行仪器系统时，应简要描述说明任何
instruments shall be briefly 新型飞行工具的工作法则。
described and principle of
operations explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Flight Instruments, how
描述飞机飞行仪表系统时，应说明查看其正
to check them for proper operation
and how to recognize a malfunction 常工作的方式以及识别失效的方式。
shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Ground Control, how
描述飞机地面控制时，应描述飞行员如何通
the pilot mechanically controls
nose wheel or tail wheel shall be 过机械方式控制前轮或后轮。
described.

In the description of the

airplane's Wing Flaps, Dive Brake 描述飞机机翼副翼、俯冲制动或扰流板系统
or Spoiler Systems, how they are 时，应说明其控制方式。
operated shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Wing Flaps, Dive Brake
or Spoiler Systems, how 描述飞机机翼襟翼、俯冲制动或扰流板系统
application of these affects pitch 时，应描述其应用如何影响俯仰姿态、空速
attitude, airspeed, trim and stall 、配平和失速速度。
speed shall be described.

In the description of the

airplane's Baggage Compartments, a 在描述飞机行李舱时，警告不要将儿童放在
warning against putting children 货舱内。
in a baggage compartment shall be
provided.

In the description of the

airplane's Baggage Compartments, a 在描述飞机行李舱时，应提供警告不要在飞
warning against carrying hazardous 机上任何地方携带危险品。
material anywhere in the airplane
shall be provided.

In the description of the

airplane's Seats, Seat Belts and 描述飞机座椅、座椅安全带和肩膀靠垫时，
Shoulder Harnesses, how to adjust 应描述如何调节座椅。
the seats shall be described shall
be provided.

In the description of the

airplane's Doors, Windows and
Exits, how to close a door or 描述飞机的门、窗和出口时，应描述如何关
window if it opens accidentally in 闭飞行中意外打开的门或窗，以及如需在飞
flight and any restrictions there 行中打开门或窗时，须遵守的任何限制。
may be on purposely opening in
flight shall be discussed.
In the description of the
airplane's Doors, Windows and
描述飞机的门、窗和出口时，应精确描述有
Exits, precise instructions for
using emergency exits shall be 关应急出口使用的。
given.

In the description of the

airplane's Control Locks, how to 描述飞机控制锁时，应说明如何连接控制锁
engage control locks or secure
或固定操纵面。
control surfaces shall be
explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, give the
following information as deemed
necessary: 描述飞机发动机时，提供如下必要信息：
1.Manufacturer and model number 1.制造商和型号
2.Type of engine, number of 2.发动机类型、气缸数、压气机类型等
cylinders, type of compressor, 3.额定功率
etc. 4.额定发动机转速
3.Rated power 5.齿轮减速器，如适用
4.Rated engine speed 6.正常安装的附件
5.Gear reduction if applicable 7.涡轮增压器或其他增益
6.Accessories normally installed 8.限制、警告或提示。
7.Turbocharging or other
augmentation
8.Restrictions, warnings, tips

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, the engine 描述飞机发动机时，应描述的发动机控制包
controls shall be described 括：
including: 1.油门或功率控制
1.Throttle or power control 2.螺旋桨控制
2.Propeller control 3.混合控制
3.Mixture control 4.冷冻控制
4.Cooling controls 5.涡轮增压器控制
5.Turbocharger controls 6.摩擦止动装置
6.Friction lock

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, the following
information about engine 描述飞机发动机时，应描述有关发动机仪表
instrumentation shall be 的以下信息：
described: 1.仪表操作方法
1.the method of operation 2.读数极限值和典型正常值（如适用）。
2.limits of readings and typical
values where applicable.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, proper
描述飞机发动机时，应说明新发动机和拆装
operation and care of the engine
后发动机的正确维修操作方法。
when new and after the break in
period should be described.
In the description of the
airplane's Engine, the air
induction system shall be 描述飞机发动机时，应描述进气系统包括：
1.空气流动路径
described including:
2.保护结冰
1.Path of flow of the air
2.Icing protection 3.筛选
4.增压/涡轮增压
3.Filtering
5.限制、警告、提示
4.Supercharging/Turbocharging
5.Restrictions, warnings, tips

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, the cooling 描述飞机发动机时，应对冷却（ 散热）系统
system including cowl flaps shall 进行描述，包括整流罩盖板。
be described.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, the accessories 描述飞机发动机时，应简要描述以下附件的
shall be described simply 相关信息：
including: 1.滑油泵
1.Oil pump 2.燃油泵
2.Fuel pump 3.液压泵
3.Hydraulic pump 4.气源泵
4.Air pump 5.转速表
5.Tachometer 6.扭矩计
6.Torque meter 7.电源
7.Electrical power source 8.螺旋桨同步器
8.Propeller synchronizer 9.排气温度探头
9.Exhaust gas temperature probe

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, any unique 在飞机发动机部分，应描述任一独特的发动
engine mounts including shock 机支架，包括减震支架。
mounts shall be described.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, if an engine
描述飞机发动机时，如果有发动机火灾监测
fire detection or extinguishing 或灭火系统，请描述其工作原理，并说明如
system is available, describe,
何使用。
give principle of operation, and
explain how to use these.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, any gear 描述飞机发动机时，应描述发动机中的任何
reduction system in the engine 齿轮减速系统。
shall be described.

In the description of the

airplane's Engine, abnormal
operations should be discussed
描述飞机发动机时，应简要阐述异常运行。
briefly. This should be held to
应保持在最低限度以帮助飞行员纠正形势或
the minimum that will help a pilot
使他能够向机械师描述情况。它不应是一个
to correct a situation or enable 维修程序。
him to describe it to a mechanic.
It should not be a maintenance
procedure.
In the description of the
airplane's Propeller, the
描述飞机螺旋桨时，如果桨距可变，应描述
propeller and its operation if
pitch can be varied shall be 螺旋桨及调距操作。
deseribed.

In the description of the

airplane's Propeller, if 描述飞机螺旋桨时，如果合适，应阐述正桨
appropriate, feathering,
、反桨和反转。
unfeathering, and reversing shall
be discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Propeller, a cutaway 描述飞机螺旋桨时，可包括可变桨距螺旋桨
drawing of variable pitch 的剖面图。
propellers may be included.

In the description of the

airplane's Fuel System, crossfeed 描述飞机燃油系统时，应说明交替供油和燃
and fuel transfer (if appropriate) 油运输（如适用）。
shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Fuel System, the fuel 描述飞机燃油系统时，应阐述燃油进风系统
venting system and consequence of 及其堵塞的后果。
allowing it to become plugged
shall be discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Fuel System, the fuel
measurement system shall be 描述飞机燃油系统时，应解释燃油测量系统
explained and need for monitoring 并阐述检测和校对的需要。
and calibrating shall be
discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Hydraulic System, the 描述飞机液压系统时，应描述主系统和辅助
primary and auxiliary systems 系统。
shall be described.

In the description of the

airplane's Brake System, how to 描述飞机刹车系统时，应阐述如何最大程度
get maximum braking and maximum 地发挥刹停作用的同时延长刹车的最大寿命
life out of the brakes shall be 。
discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Brake System, how to
描述飞机刹车系统时，应说明如何识别已经
recognize impending problems and
what to do if malfunctions occur 发生的问题以及发生错误时应采取的措施。
shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Power Steering, if nose
描述飞机电力转向系统时，如安装前轮电力
wheel power steering is installed: 转向，应包括以下相关信息：
(a) the system shall be described.
（a）系统
(b) how to use it shall be （b）如何使用
explained.
（c）限制讨论。
(c) restrictions shall be
discussed.
In the description of the
airplane's Electrical System, 描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述容量和装载减
capacity and load shedding shall 少。
be discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Electrical System, 描述飞机电源系统时，应说明线束保护功能
circuit protection shall be 。
explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Electrical System, use 描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述使用地面功率
of ground power units and battery 组件和电池充电。
charging shall be discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Electrical System, 描述飞机电源系统时，应提供相关限制、警
restrictions, warnings and 告和操作提示。
operating tips shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Heating, Ventilating,
描述飞机加热、通风、除霜和空调系统时，
Defrosting and Air-Conditioning
应说明如何使用所提供的操纵系统获得最大
Systems, how to get maximum 效益。
benefit using the controls
provided shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Cabin Pressurization
System, how this system ties in 在飞机座舱增压系统部分，应说明该系统如
何与加热、通风、除霜和空调系统连接。
with the heating, ventilating,
defrosting and air-conditioning
systems shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Cabin Pressurization
System, how to recognize 在飞机座舱增压系统部分，应描述如何识别
潜在问题和处理紧急情况。
potential problems and handle
emergencies shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Pitot Pressure Systems, 描述飞机皮托管压力系统时，应说明除霜规
anti-icing provisions, if 定（如安装）。
installed, shall be explained.

In the description of the

airplane's Static Pressure
Systems, effects of heating and 描述飞机静压系统时，应阐述加热和通风系
ventilating systems and of open 统的影响以及开窗对备用静压系统的影响。
windows on the alternate static
system shall be discussed.

In the description of the

airplane's Vacuum or Pneumatic 描述飞机真空或气源系统时，应阐释该系统
System, how the system can be 应如何检查。
checked shall be explained.
In the description of the
airplane's Stall Warning or Angle
of Attack System, the manual
shall: 描述飞机失速警示系统或迎角系统时，手册
(a) If either of these devices is 应：
installed, explain whether it is （a）如果安装了其中任何一个，说明是否为
required equipment. 必需设备。
(b) Explain the principle of （b）说明操作原理。
operation. （c）说明检查和使用系统的方法。
(c) Explain how to check the （d）阐述如何识别故障以及何时应依靠该系
system and use it. 统。
(d) Discuss how to recognize a
malfunction and when not to depend
on it.

An appropriate warning or note

shall be contained in this Section
to inform the operator that he is
responsible for ensuring that all
本节应包含适当的警报或注意，以告知运营
airworthiness directives are
complied with and that the 人员有责任确保遵守所有适航命令，并确保
handling, servicing and 飞机的操作、服务和维修在需要时按照《联
邦航空条例》进行。
maintenance of the airplane is
done in accordance with the
Federal Aviation Regulations.

Airplane Inspection Periods:

This paragraph shall contain
information on the airplane (and
components thereof) inspection 飞机监测周期：本段应包含有关飞机（及其
periods. It should cover FAA 部件）监测周期的信息。信息应涵盖FAA要求
required inspections (such as the 的监测（如年度监测，在某些情况下还包括
annual and, in some cases, the 100 100小时监测）和制造商推荐的监测（如每天
hour inspections) and manufacturer 、25小时、50小时等)。
recommended inspections (such as
the daily, 25-hour, 50-hour,
etc.).

Special inspection intervals for

airplane systems and for life
limited parts may be covered in 飞机系统以及受使用寿命限制的部分的特殊
this paragraph or there may be a 监测间隔可在本段中涵盖，或可参考包含此
reference to another section or 类监测间隔的另一节或其他文件。
another document where such
inspection intervals may be found.

This paragraph should also explain

that, in addition to the
本段还应说明，除已规定的检查外，还可能
established inspections, other
需要根据适航指令完成其他检查。
inspections may be required by
Airworthiness Directive.
There should be a reference in
this Section to the Federal
Aviation Regulation (FAR's 43 and 有关可执行要求的检查和制造商推荐的检查
的人员，可参考本节中提及的《联邦航空法
91 or other applicable
规》（FAR 43部和91部或其他适用的法律）
regulations) as to who may perform
the required and manufacturer 。
recommended inspections.

All parts of an integral

installation may be combined into
a single equipment list item if 如果重量或力臂的差异不重要，则整体装置
的所有部件可组合成一个设备清单项。
variation of weight or arm is not
significant.

FAA should be contacted prior to

any alterations on airplane to 在飞机上进行任何修改之前应联系FAA，以确
insure that airworthiness of the 保满足飞机的适航性。
airplane is not violated.
Information for servicing the
aircraft with proper fuel and oil 应包含实施飞机勤务时使用正确燃油和滑油
shall be included. 的信息。

This section shall caution notes 本节应包括相应的告诫， 提醒不得使用未经

regarding use of unauthorized
cleaning agents and possible 批准的清洁剂以及使用经批准的清洁剂可能
hazards of using authorized ones. 伴有的危险源。
In the description of the
描述飞机燃油系统时，应阐述不可用燃油相
airplane's Fuel System, unusable 关信息。
fuel shall be discussed.

Each Supplement shall normally

cover only a single system, 每一“补充程序” 通常应只包括单一的系统
device, or piece of equipment such 、装置或设备，如自动驾驶仪、电子削减器
as an autopilot, electric trim, or 或区域导航系统。
an area navigation system.

The effect of anti-icing or de-

icing systems on the approval of 就防冰或除冰系统对飞机在已知结冰条件下
the airplane for operating in
known icing conditions should be 的运行批准的影响，应在“补充程序”中的
clearly defined in the limitations 限制部分里予以明确。
section of the Supplements.

Distribution of cabin air on

pressurized aircraft is managed
在有液压的飞机上，座舱空气的分配是由一
with a system of air ducts leading 系列管路实现的，管路连接到液压源遍及整
from the pressurization source
个座舱。空气被引导到飞机顶板的通风口并
into and throughout the cabin.
从那里释放出来.
Typically, air is ducted to and
released from ceiling vents.

Many return oil filters have

bypass valves inside. When the 很多滑油的回油滤都内置旁通活门。当滤芯
filter element is clogged the 堵住时旁通活门打开，使得滑油从旁路流过
bypass valve opens, which makes 。
the oil flow through the bypass
On B757 the external power of
electrical system is checked by
BPCU before supplied to its 在757上外电源由BPCU检查后再接入电网。如
electrical network. If the EXT PWR 果外电源检查正常，断路器闭合。
is checked normal, the contactor
is closed.

Revisions to a drawing are

necessitated by changes in
dimensions, design, or materials.
由于尺寸、设计或器材的变化，需要对绘图
When drawings contain such
进行修改。当绘图上有这样的修改时，要注
corrections, attention is directed
意对字母和数字进行的修改，并在修改栏的
to the changes by lettering or 符号上列出这些修改。
numbering them and listing those
changes against the symbol in a
revision block.

In Wiring Diagram Manual, an

alphabetical index by subject is
to be included in the 在《线路图手册》中，引言部分应包括每个
Introduction, as an assistance in 主题下的字母索引，以帮助查找所需电路。
locating the desired circuit.The 该索引应显示系统电路所在的章节和子章节
index should show the chapter and 。
subchapter in which a circuit of
the system appears.

A wire code consists of a circuit

function code, wire number, wire
电线代码由电路功能代码、电线编号、电线
segment letter and wire 段字母和电线尺寸组成。通常会添加后缀，
size.Frequently a suffix
indicating ground ( N ) , phase 表示地线（N）、相位（A、B等）或热电偶材
料（铝镁合金等）。
(A, B, etc.) or thermocouple
material(alumel, etc. ) is added.

Phase letter "V" shall be used as

a suffix on the cable
V是一个用来表示阶段的字母，在单向系统的
identification code to identify
the ungrounded wire or cable that 导线识别码中表示非接地导线。
is in a single-phase system.

In aircraft maintenance, servicing

refers to that servicing required
on units as the result of the
accomplishment of any other 在航空器维修中，勤务指的是由于执行其他
maintenance practice. It includes 维护措施而需要进行的组件维护。包括给减
items such as the inflation or 震支柱充气或添加油液、润滑控制系统、饮
refilling of shock struts, the 用水系统消毒等。
lubrication of control systems,
the sterilizing of potable water
systems, etc.

When index numbering the

maintenance manual, manufacturers 在编制维护手册的索引编号时，制造商可能
may omit System/Chapters that are 会省略与该产品无关的系统/章节，或者在可
not applicable to the product or 行的情况下合并系统/章节。
combine system/Chapters where it
is feasible .
There are two types of numbering
methods that may be used. For
airplanes having an array of
有两种可用的编号方法。对于拥有一系列复
complex systems, the full
杂系统的飞机，建议使用完整的“系统/章节
System/chapter method of indexing
is recommended. For small or ”索引方法。对于小飞机或相对不复杂的飞
机，可用简化的索引方法。
relatively noncomplex airplanes,
an abbreviated indexing method may
be used.

When the chapter/system element

number is followed with zeros in
当表示章/系统的数字后面是0，即表示章
the section/subsystem and
节/子系统和维修项目/组件的数字有0，这部
subject/unit element number (28- 分就是适用于整个系统的。
00-00), the information is
applicable to the entire system.

The Airworthiness Section must set

forth each mandatory replacement “适航性”部分必须规定每个强制性更换时
time, structural inspection
interval, and related structural 间、结构检查间隔以及与型号认证有关的相
inspection procedure 关结构检查程序。
required for type certification.

Airworthiness Limitations may also

be included as part of the Pilot's 适航性限制内容也可以包含在飞行员操作手
Operating Handbook Limitations 册的“限制"部分中，或者可以作为“限
Section, or be included as a 制"中的参考资料。
reference therein.

The title "Time Limits and

Inspection Program" is about those “时间限制和检查计划”这个标题讲的是制
manufacturer recommended time
造商推荐的针对飞机、其系统和组件检查、
limits for inspections, 维护和大修的时间限制，以及零部件的使用
maintenance and overhaul of the 寿命问题（如适用）。
aircraft, its systems and units,
and life of parts, as applicable.

One of the cautions on mooring:

THE LAST FEET OF ALL TAXIING AND 系留操作中的警戒之一是：所有的滑行和拖
TOWING OPERATIONS MUST BE IN A
STRAIGHT LINE. THIS IS TO PREVENT 动操作的最后几英尺必须是一条直线。这是
FORCE ON THE TIRES AND THE MAIN 为了防止对轮胎和主起落架施加力量。
LANDING GEAR.

Put the aircraft in position on a

flat surface with the mooring
points and make sure it is parked 将飞机放置在平坦的地面上，使其系留点处
于正确位置，并确保飞机停放时朝向风向，
into the wind and the wheel of the 前起落架机轮在飞机轴线上。
nose landing gear is on the
aircraft axis.
"No-step" areas or walkways
leading to any tank in a
wing or hull, with necessary
precautions, shall be indicated. “禁止踩踏”区域或可通往翼、身油箱的路
线必须表记出来并加以必要的警示信息。在
On some aircraft, a black point
有些飞机上，用黑色点带标示出“禁止踩踏
strip shows the NO STEP areas. The
”区域。英文或双语标记的位置使得从前面
position of the English or 或后面靠近飞机时都可以读到这些标记。
bilingual markings permits to read
them when you go near the aircraft
from either the front or the rear.

One safety precautions in

refueling is that do not let the
tanker go near the aircraft until 加油的一项安全须知是一定在防撞灯关闭前
使加油车靠近飞机。
the anti-collision lights have
been set to OFF.

Chapter 21 may refer to supplier

data, furnished with the aircraft, 21章指随飞机提供的供应商数据，以填充以
in lieu of the following sections 下 -00 至 70 节（如适用）。
-00 through-70, as applicable.

In the pressure control portion

of air conditioning system, the
在空调系统的压力控制部分，压力与流量成
pressure, proportional to the 正比，被传递到放大器，放大器将其转换为
flow, is transmitted to an
amplifier that converts it to 电压。
voltage

Moisture/Air Contaminant Control

system is used to control moisture
in the air, to control ozone “湿度和污染控制”用于控制空气中的水分
concentrations, to filter ，控制臭氧浓度，过滤空调空气中的放射性
radioactive debris from 碎片。并用除臭剂、杀虫剂等（如适用）处
conditioned air, and to treat the 理空气。
air with deodorizers,
insecticides, etc., as applicable.

Chapter 22 is about those units

and components which furnish a
means of automatically controlling 第22章讲的是提供自动控制飞机飞行手段的
the flight of the aircraft. 组件和部件。包括控制方向、航向、姿态、
Includes those units and 高度和速度的组件和部件。
components which control
direction, heading, attitude,
altitude and speed.

Overhaul of any or all components

in this chapter must be 本章中任何或所有零部件的大修都必须在有
accomplished in a qualified shop 资质的维修单位按照零部件制造商提供的数
in accordance with data supplied 据进行。
by the component manufacturer.

Autopilot uses radio beam,

vertical gyro, Pitot static and
自动驾驶仪使用无线电波、垂直陀螺仪、皮
manually induced inputs to the
托静压系统以及手动输入来自动控制飞机的
system to automatically control 偏航、俯仰和滚转。
yaw, pitch and roll of the
aircraft.
Auto Throttle automatically
controls the position of the
throttles to properly blend engine 自动油门自动控制油门的位置，以在着陆/进
power with flap position and 近和复飞过程中将发动机功率与襟翼位置和
aircraft pitch attitude during 飞机俯仰姿态适当地结合在一起。
landing/approach and go around
procedures.

Auto Throttle includes engaging,

sensing, computing, amplifying,
自动油门里有起激活、感知、计算、信号放
controlling, actuating and warning
大、控制、作动和警告作用的设备，例如放
devices such as amplifiers,
computers, servos, limit switches, 大器、计算机、伺服器、限位开关、轴、齿
轮箱、警告灯等。
clutches, gear boxes, warning
lights, etc.

Communication system include the

units and components which furnish
a means of communicating 飞机通信系统的组件和部件提供一种方式使
from one part of the aircraft to 得通信可以发生在飞机不同区域之间、飞机
another and between the aircraft 与飞机之间、地面台与地面台之间。
and other aircraft or ground
stations.

Data Transmission or Auto Calling,

e.g. SELCAL, presents information “数据传输”或“自动呼叫”系统，如选择
derived from pulse-coded 呼叫，利用脉冲编码的传输来呈现信息.
transmissions.

Galley refers to the areas in

which food and beverages are
stored and prepared. Include items
厨房指的是存放和准备食物和饮料的区域。
such as removable and fixed
cabinets, ovens, refrigerator, 如果可拆卸和固定的橱柜、烤箱、冰箱、垃
圾箱、碗架、咖啡机是制造商指定的标准设
garbage containers, dish racks, 备，则也属于厨房设备。
coffee maker, etc., if furnished
as manufacturer designated
standard equipment.

The avionic compartments have:

- heat and sound insulation,
- maintenance lighting, 电子舱有隔热毯、消音层、维修灯、冷却电
- air-cooled racks for the 气电子设备和相关组件的设备架。
electrical and electronic
equipment and their related units.

Cargo compartments have floor

panels and linings. The linings
keep smoke in the compartments and 货舱里有地板和衬层。衬层防止货舱内出现
烟雾，防止对衬层和导线造成损坏。
prevent damage to the lines and
electrical wires.

Precautions and limitations such

as use of landing gear and control 在起落架和舵面锁的使用、最小转弯半径、
surface locks, minimum turning 对前起落架的最大拖动载荷等方面的安全须
radius, maximum towing and pushing 知和限制
loads on nose landing gear, etc .
The Mooring section shall include
equipment and materials required
such as wheel chocks, mooring
“系留”部分应包括所需的设备和材料，如
blocks, mooring cables,
轮挡、挡块、缆绳等；还包括如加重等程序
ect.;procedures such as
ballasting, etc.;precautions and ；预防措施和限制，如在高风条件下控制等
；以及检查风切变的损坏情况。
limitations such as control in
high wind conditions, etc., and
inspections for gust damage.

A wire code consists of a circuit

function code, wire number, wire
segment letter and wire size. 电线代码由电路功能代码、电线编号、电线
段字母和电线尺寸组成。通常会添加后缀，
Frequently a suffix indicating
表示地线（N）、相位（A、B等）或热电偶材
ground ( N ) , phase (A, B, etc.)
or thermocouple material (alumel, 料（铝镁合金等）。
etc. ) is added.

The manufacturer's maintenance

data shall include directions as
to who and how to contact
technical personnel at the 制造商的维修文件中应包含制造厂的技术人
manufacturer plant ,for assistance 员的联系方法，以便在修理和更换受损部件
in repairing and replacing items 方面和超出标准修理的部分提供帮助。
damaged and not covered by a
standard repair.

Suggestions for inclusion of

建议包含紧急程序为了超级充电器或涡轮充
emergency procedures for
supercharger/turbocharger failure 电器失效
Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the
highest speed permissible with 最大襟翼扩展速度是机翼以适当方式收回时
wing flaps in a prescribed 所允许的最高速度。
extended position.

Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the

airspeed which delivers the
最佳上升角速度是在尽可能短的距离内提供
greatest gain of altitude in the
最多海拔增益的空速。
shortest possible horizontal
distance.

The thrust of the propeller

directed opposite the usual 螺旋桨的拉力与它的常规方向相反，造成了
direction, thereby producing a 制动效果。
braking action.

TIT Gauge is a temperature

measuring system that senses gas “涡轮进口温度表”是一种温度显示系统，
temperature in the turbine section 可显示发动机涡轮部分的气体温度。
of the engine.

Reference Datum is an imaginary

vertical plane from which all “基准面”是一个假想的垂直面。以基准面
horizontal distances are measured 为准来测量用于计算平衡的水平距离。
for balance purposes.

Arm is the horizontal distance

from the reference datum to the
“力臂”是物体重心到基准面的水平距离。
center of gravity (C.G.) of an
item.
Station refers to a location along
the airplane fuselage usually “站点”是一个距参考基准面某个距离的位
given in terms of distance from 置。
the reference datum.

Limitations associated with

optional systems or equipment may
be included in this Section or in
Section 9, Supplements.
限制因素与可选系统和设备都是相关的，它
们可以包括在这部分或者第9部 “附录”中
。

Airspeed limitations and the

operational significance of such 应提供空速限制和限制的执行程序。
limitations shall be provided.
Do not exceed this speed or Mach
不要超过这个速度或马赫数，但当空气平稳
Number except in smooth air and
then only with caution. 时仅仅小心操作就足够了。

For turbopropeller powered

airplanes only, the established
temperatures and corresponding 对仅使用涡轮驱动的飞机，应提供对动力装
altitude limits of powerplant 置部件的温度和高度限制的说明。
components and engine fluids shall
be stated.

Total capacity and usable fuel

shall be stated and, if the 应说明燃油的总量和可用燃油量，如果燃油
unusable fuel exceeds the limits
可用量超过FAR 23部的限制，还应说明原因
of FAR 23, information shall be 。
given identifying the quantities
unusable in flight.

A statement of the minimum crew

and the function of each flight 应说明最小机组人数，以及如果需要一名以
crew member, if more than one is 上飞行机组人员时，还应说明每个机组人员
的职责。
required shall be provided.
Procedures shall be provided for
需要提供紧急程序。
making emergency descent.
If the maneuver cannot be
performed safely, a warning 如果无法安全实施这一机动，应提供不要尝
against attempting it shall be 试此机动的警告。
provided.

A gear up emergency landing, if

necessary, can be deferred until
after all other methods of 紧急机腹着陆，如果有必要推迟，可以不成
lowering the gear have been 功地尝试所有其他放下起落架的方法，并选
unsuccessfully tried and a 择合适的着陆区域之后再执行。
suitable landing area has been
selected.

If a paragraph contains
subparagraphs, the order of
presentation of the subparagraphs 段落之下设有子段落时，可参考本规范中子
in this Specification is for 段落的编排顺序，无需完全遵守。
guidance only and need not be
followed.
Each Handbook shall have a log of
Revisions or effective pages,
每本手册应有修订日志或有效页，列出所有
listing all revisions or effective
pages, immediately following the 修订部分或有效页，紧跟在标题页之后。
Title Page.

The section containing "Emergency 包含“备份程序”的部分应有一个红色塑化

Procedures" shall have a red
标签分隔。
plasticized tab divider.

That portion of the systems which

controls the position and movement
of the ailerons and aileron tabs. 控制副翼和副翼配平片位置和移动的系统部
Includes items such as the control 分，包括驾驶盘、钢索、增压器、连杆、操
wheels, cables, boosters, 纵面、指示器等相关部件。
linkages, control surfaces,
indicators, etc., as applicable.

That portion of the systems which 控制升降舵/副翼和配平片位置和移动的系统

controls the position and movement 部分。
of the elevator/elevon and tabs.

That portion of the systems

includes items such as control 这一系统部分包括控制手柄、电线、电机、
handle, cables, jackscrews,
motors, warning systems, linkages, 警告系统、连接线、控制面、位置指示器等
。
control surfaces, position
indicators, etc.

The units and components which

provide a means of preventing or 这些单位及组件为阻止或销毁雨雪形成在飞
disposing of formation of ice and
rain on various parts of the 机的各个部分上提供了渠道。
aircraft.

For turbine type power plants

using air as the anti-icing 对于利用空气作为防冰介质的涡轮类动力装
medium, engine anti-icing is 置，发动机防冰功能包含在空气系统中。
contained under Air System.
The portion of the system which is 系统的这一部分用来消除或防止螺旋桨结冰
used to eliminate or prevent the 。
formation of ice on propellers.
The units and components which
give audible or visual warning of 这些单位及组件给予不相干的系统警告，声
音或者视觉的。
conditions in unrelated systems.

That portion of the system

provides the major support for the
aircraft while on the ground, 系统的这一部分能够为飞机在地面上提供主
including items such as shock 要支撑，包括减震支柱、轮架轴、阻力杆、
struts, bogie axles, drag struts, 门、连杆、固定螺栓等。
doors, linkages, attach bolts,
etc.
The lighting subsystems in the
areas in which the passengers are
seated and in buffet/galley, 乘客座位所在区域以及自助餐/厨房、卫生间
lavatories, lounges and coat 、休息室和更衣室中的照明子系统。包括直
rooms. Includes items such as 接和间接照明、主警示灯系统、警示灯调光
direct and indirect illumination, 系统等。
passenger call system, lighted
signs, etc.

That portion of the system which

supports the nose of the aircraft 当飞机在地面上时支撑飞机机头的那部分系
while the aircraft is on the
ground, including items such as 统，包括减震支柱、阻力支柱、门、连接装
置、固定螺栓等。
shock struts, drag struts, doors,
linkages, attach bolts, etc.

These devices are used to

stabilize the aircraft while on
the ground and prevent damage by 这些装置能够在地面上用于稳定飞机并防止
飞机因接触地面而造成损害的装置。包括减
ground contact. Includes items
such as shock strut, skid blocks, 震支柱、防滑轮挡、机轮等。
wheels, etc.

Those units and components are

used to store, regulate, and 这些单位和组件收集、监管、并向乘客和空
deliver oxygen to the passengers 乘人员输送氧气。
and crew.
Oxygen system includes bottles,
relief valves, shut-off valves, 氧气系统包括氧气瓶、释压阀、关断阀、出
气口、调节器、面罩等。
outlets, regulators, masks, etc.
Distribution system refers to that
portion of the system which is 分配系统是指系统中用于将高压或低压空气
used to distribute high or low 分配到用户系统的那部分。
pressure air to using systems.

Distribution system includes items

such as ducts, valves, actuators, 配电系统包括通风沟、阀门、滑轨、热交换
heat exchangers, controls, etc. 器、操纵装置等项目。不包括使用系统的供
Does not include the supply valves 应阀。
to the using systems.

Distribution subsystem is that

portion used to distribute below 分配子系统是用于将高于大气压的空气分配
atmospheric pressure air to using 到使用系统的那部分部件。
systems.

Water/waste subsystem includes

wash basins, toilet assemblies, 饮用水/非饮用水系统包括洗手池、饮水机组
tanks, valves, etc., if 件、水箱、阀门等（如适用）。
applicable.
Potable system is that portion of 饮用水系统是系统中用于储存新鲜饮用水和
the system which is used to store 洗涤用水的那部分。
and deliver fresh drinking water.

Air supply system is that portion

of the system common to more than 供气系统被多个子系统共用，能够为水箱加
one subsystem which is used for
pressurizing supply tanks to 压以确保流体的流动。
insure fluid flow.
Electrical/electronic panels and
multipurpose parts are complete 电气/电子面板和多用途部件上的图示涵盖了
coverage of all general purpose 部分重要的通用电气和电子部件。
electrical and electronic parts.

Stairs whose primary structure is

a door shall be covered under the
根据相应的主题，涉及到门为主结构的扶梯
appropriate topic. Includes items
such as structure, actuating 。包括结构件、驱动机构和操纵装置、扶手
等项目。
mechanisms and controls,
handrails, etc.

The doors inside the fuselage

installed in fixed partitions.
机身上固定位置安装的门，包括结构件、闩
Includes items such as structure,
latching mechanisms, handles, 锁机构、把手、衬板等。
lining, etc.

The door used for entrance and

exit of the passengers and crew to
and from the aircraft. Includes 用于乘客和机组人员进出飞机的门，包括结
items such as structure, latching 构件、闩锁机构、把手、内衬、扶手、坡道
mechanisms, handles, insulation, 、操纵装置等物品。
lining, controls, integral steps,
ramps, and handrails, etc.

The exit doors used to facilitate

evacuation that are not normally 紧急出口不用于日常进出，而用于紧急情况
used for exit. Includes items such ，包括结构件、闩锁机构、扶手、绝缘、内
as structure, latching mechanisms,
衬、操纵装置等物品。
handles, insulation, lining,
controls, etc.

The exterior doors used primarily

to gain access to cargo
compartments. Includes items such 主要用于进入货舱的外舱门，包括结构件、
as structure, latching mechanisms, 门闩、把手、隔热材料、内衬、控制器等。
handles, insulation, lining,
controls, etc.

Service doors refer to the

exterior doors used primarily to 勤务门指最开始用于为飞机系统和设备提供
gain access for servicing aircraft 服务的外舱门。
systems and equipment.

The engine indicating system is

used to indicate temperature,
pressure, and control positions of 传感器、指示器构成了机指示系统的主体部
the air systems, which is 分，能够显示空气系统的温度、压力及控制
inclusive of several components 位置等。
such as transmitters, indicators,
etc.

Engine indicating refers to the

units, components, and associated 发动机指示由指示器、传感器、分析者等组
systems that indicate engine
成，它能通过单元、部件和相关系统显示发
operation, inclusive of
动机运行参数。
indicators, transmitters,
analyzers, etc.
The engine accessory cooling
system is used to ventilate engine
compartments and accessories, 发动机附件冷却系统用于发动机舱及附件通
which is inclusive of several 风，包括阀门、管路、引射泵、涡流发生器
components such as valves, 等部件。
plumbing, jet pumps, vortex
spoilers, etc.

The engine temperature system

indicates the engine's
temperatures, inclusive of 气缸盖、排气（涡轮进口）温度等能通过发
动机温度系统显示。
cylinder head, exhaust (turbine
inlet), etc.

The engine power system directly

or indirectly indicates power or 发动机动力是系统中直接或间接表示动力或
推力的部分，包括刹车平均有效压力、压力
thrust, inclusive of BMEP,
比、每分钟转数等项目。
pressure-ratio, RPM, etc.
The turbines extract energy from
the exhaust gases and are coupled 涡轮能够从排气中提取能量并连接到曲轴。
to the crankshaft.
Accessory gearboxes do not include
those accessory drives which are 附件齿轮箱不包括用螺栓固定在发动机上和
bolted to and are immediately 紧邻发动机的那些附件传动装置。
adjacent to the engine.
Drive shaft section includes items 传动轴部分包括传动轴、接头、密封圈等项
such as drive shaft, adapters, 目。
seals, etc.
The air portion includes units
from the scoop inlet to the vapor 空气部分包括从冷凝器入口到蒸汽回气回流
vent return, and the impeller 和叶轮室的单元。
chamber.

The main fuel controls are used to

meter fuel to the engine and to
the thrust augmentor, including 控制主燃料控制哪个仪表为发动机和推力调
items such as levers, cables, 节器提供燃料。包括电线、滑轮、连杆等物
pulleys, linkages, etc., which are 品，也是燃料控制单元的部件。
components of the fuel control
units.

That portion of the system is used

to indicate the flow rate,
系统中用于指示燃油流量、温度和压力的部
temperature and pressure of the
分，包括传感器、指示器等。
fuel, including items such as
transmitters, indicators, etc.

Ignition includes induction

vibrators, magnetos, switches, 点火部分包括感应振荡器、磁电机、开关、
lead filters, distributors,
harnesses, plugs, ignition relays, 主过滤器、分配器、线束、火花塞、点火继
电器、激励器和提前点火的电气部分。
exciters, and the electrical
portion of spark advance.
That portion of the system is used
to generate electrical current for
系统中用来生成电流点燃燃烧室和加力燃烧
the purpose of igniting the fuel
mixture in the combustion chargers 室中油气混合气的那部分。
and thrust augmentors.

It includes items such as

magnetos, distributors, booster 包括磁电机、升压线圈、励磁机、变压器、
coils, exciters, transformers,
存储电容器和合成器等。
storage capacitors and
compositors, etc.

That portion of the system is used

to conduct high or low voltage
这一系统部分能够将电源产生的高压或低压
electricity from the electrical
power supply to the spark plugs, 电传送到火花塞或点火器。
or igniters.

It includes wiring between magneto 包括永磁电机和分配器之间的接线，在这些

and distributor in those systems 系统中，它们不是单独的单元。
where they are separate units.
It includes items such as ignition
harness, high tension leads, coils 包括点火线束、高压导线、“低压”系统中
as used in "low tension" systems, 使用的线圈、火花塞、点火器等。
spark plugs, igniters, etc.
Exhaust are those units and
components which direct the engine 排气系统指将发动机燃气排出机外的组件和
部件。
exhaust gases overboard.
Noise suppressor is that portion
of the system which reduces the 排气系统指将发动机废气导出机外的装置和
noise generated by the exhaust 组件。
gases.
Thrust reverser is used to change 反推装置是系统中引导废气产生推力的部分
the direction of the exhaust gases
。
for reverse thrust.
For turbine engines, exhaust
对涡轮发动机来说，排气系统包括发动机本
includes units external to the
体以外的部件。
basic engine.
Oil distribution is that portion
of the system which is used to 燃油配送装置指系统中将燃油输送给发动机
conduct oil from and to the 和从发动机输回燃油的部分。
engine.

Oil are those units and components

external to the engine concerned 燃油系统指发动机以外储存燃油、给发动机
with storing and delivering
lubricating oil to and from the 配送及输回燃油的装置和部件。
engine.

Noise suppressor includes items

such as pipes, baffles, shields, 噪声抑制器包含导管、隔板、屏障、推理增
actuators, plumbing, linkages, 强装置、管路、动装置、位置指示器、警告
position indicators, warning 系统等。
systems, etc.
Storage is that portion of the
system used for storage of oil. It 储存装置是系统中用于储存液压油的部分，
includes items such as tanks, 包含油箱、加油系统、内置漏斗、隔板、集
filling systems, internal hoppers, 油槽和放油装置等。
baffles, tank sump and drain, etc.

The horizontal and vertical 水平和垂直稳定器包括升降舵和方向舵的结

stabilizers include the structure
构。
of the elevator and rudder.

The horizontal airfoil of the

tail/ nose section to which the
升降舵/前置平翼的后缘/前缘的水平翼型包
elevator/ canard is attached 括翼梁、翼肋、桁条、镀层/蒙皮、接近口盖
includes items such as spars,
、翼尖等结构。
ribs, stringers, plates/skin,
access covers, tips, etc.

Elevator/Elevon is the removable

airfoil which is used for 升降舵/升降副翼是可拆卸翼面，用于纵向控
longitudinal/longitudinal and 制/纵向和横向控制。
lateral control.

Flight surfaces are the structure

of removable airfoils attached to 飞行操纵面是连接在机翼上的可移动翼型结
the wing including items such as 构，包括副翼、襟翼、扰流板、配平片、阻
ailerons, flaps, spoilers, tabs, 力装置和平衡装置等。
drag and balancing devices, etc.

Attach fittings are the fittings

on the wing used for the
attachment of fuselage, nacelle/ 连接接头是机翼上用于连接机身、短舱/挂架
pylon, and landing gear to the 和起落架以及支撑机翼内设备的接头。
wing and for the support of
equipment within the wing.

Auxiliary structure includes

leading edge, trailing edge, wing
辅助结构包括前缘、后缘、翼尖、翼尖油箱
tip, tip fuel tank and fuel or
water cell backing boards, not 和燃油或水单元隔板，不包括镀层/蒙皮。
including plates/skin.

Inspection and observation are the

windows used for examining
compartments and equipment in and 检查和观察是用于检查飞机内部和周围的舱
about the airplane, including 室和设备的窗口，包括透明材料、框架等。
items such as transparent
material, its frame, etc.

The flight compartment is the

compartment above the floor and
飞行舱是位于地板上方、前部乘客隔板和前
between the forward passenger
partition and the forward pressure 部压力圆顶之间的舱室。
dome.

The windows are those fuselage and

crew compartment windows inclusive 这些窗户是机身和乘员舱的窗户，包括挡风
of windshield and also those 玻璃和那些安装在门上的窗户。
windows installed in doors.
The combustion section is part of 燃烧室指发动机内燃油和空气混合并燃烧的
engine in which fuel and air are 部分。
combined and burned.
The turbine section of the engine
发动机的涡轮部分包括涡轮喷嘴和涡轮转子
includes items such as turbine
。
nozzles and turbine rotors.
The airplane general arrangement
shall be illustrated with a scale 飞机总体布局应该包括平面图、侧面图和前
line drawing consisting of plan, 视图的刻度说明。
side and front views.

The data may be supplemented by

brief descriptions of additional 需要对特征或特点的补充描述，使数据更加
characteristics or features if 完善。
desired.

Calibrated Airspeed means the

indicated speed of an aircraft, 校正空速是指经过位置调整以及仪表调整后
corrected for position and 的指示空速。
instrument error.
Drive shaft section is used to
conduct power from the engine to 传动轴部分用于将动力从变速箱传导至发动
机。
the gearbox.
Gearbox section includes items
such as gears, shafts, seals, oil 齿轮箱部分包括齿轮、曲柄、密封件、油箱
、冷却器等。
pumps, coolers, etc.
Air intakes consist of items such 进气口由很多部件组成，包括机头整流罩、
as nose ring cowls, vortex
generators and plumbing. 涡流发生器以及管道。

The following weights shall be

presented if applicable: (a)
Maximum Ramp Weight; (b) Maximum 如适用，还应提供以下重量：(a)最大停机坪
重量；(b)最大起飞重量；(c)最大着陆重量
Takeoff Weight; (c) Maximum ；(d)最大零燃油重量；(e)最大行李舱重量
Landing Weight; (d) Maximum Zero
。
Weight; (e) Maximum Weight in
Baggage Compartment(s).

A guide rod is attached to the

将一个导杆平滑地移动，并且连到金属波纹
metal bellows disc for a smooth 管圆盘。
movement of the bellows.
Assemble the movable hoist before 装配可移动式的举升机用来吊起指定的齿轮
you lift the gearbox. 箱。
If the rotors stop suddenly,
examine the intake for unwanted 如果转子突然停止，请检查进气中是否含有
不需要的杂质。
material.
If one or more blades are missing, 如果有一个或多个叶片损毁，请在发动机日
make an entry in the engine
志中记录。
logbook.
Open the valve to let nitrogen go 打开阀门，让空气进入减震支柱。
into the oleo strut.
We recommend that you torque the 建议在飞行50小时内不要拧紧螺栓。
bolts again after 50 flight hours.
The pump did not operate because
the shaft was broken. 因为轴的损坏，导致泵不运转。

If you cannot hear the alarm,

如果无法听到警告声，需调整音量控制器。
adjust the volume control.
Replace components that are worn
只有组件磨损时，才可进行更换。
more than the maximum limits.
These parts can easily bend, break
这些部件易于弯曲、断裂或出现尺寸错误。
or become incorrectly aligned.
If the shear pin breaks, do an 剪切销断裂时，确保拖杆完整。
inspection of the towbar.
Adjust the clinometer until the
调整倾斜仪，直到气泡位于中心。
bubble is in the center.
Do the troubleshooting procedure
to find the cause of the 确定故障原因需要排除故障程序。
malfunction.
Obey the safety precautions when 在高压设备附近工作时，要注意遵守相关的
you do work with high voltages. 安全预防措施。
The condition of the radome is
very important for its 雷达天线的状况对其性能有重要影响。
performance.
If the wheel temperature increases
to more than 177 deg., the core of 如果轮胎温度升高至超过177度，易熔塞熔化
the fusible plug melts and the 且轮胎放气。
tire deflates.
The warning bell and the horn must 警告铃声和喇叭将开始响起，然后再次停止
start and then stop again. 。
The tension in the cables
decreases if the temperature 温度降低，钢索的拉力会减小。
increases.
Do not operate the brakes to
decrease the pressure in the 不要通过操作刹车来减少蓄压器的压力。
accumulators.
Tighten the turnbuckle until you
have the correct tension in the 拧紧松紧螺套，直到钢索达到合适的张力。
cable.
If you cannot install the rigging 调整传动杆的长度，以便于正确安装校装销
pin easily, adjust the length of 。
the rod.
Put the mask on and breathe 戴上氧气面罩并进行呼吸，确认其供氧正常
through it to make sure that the
。
oxygen supply is correct.
If the filters become clogged
after an unusually short time, 如果滤子在极短的时间堵塞，送到实验室进
send them to the laboratory for 行污染分析。
analysis of the contamination.
Make sure that there are safety
barriers around the engine exhaust 为确保安全，请在发动机区域周围设置栅栏
。
area.
Basically, writers can use the 总体来说，作者可以使用字典中的典型词汇
approved words in the dictionary
作为核心词汇。
as a core vocabulary.
Turn the valve assembly slowly in
a counterclockwise direction until 如果凸台处有气漏出，按逆时针方向缓慢转
there is gas leakage through the 动活门组件。
boss.
When STE was created, one of the
在创建STE时，一个重要的项目是开发简便的
primary objectives was to make
translation easier. 翻译工具。
Safety instructions tell the
readers that procedures or steps 安全说明告诉读者，程序或程序中的步骤可
in procedures can be dangerous or 能存在危险或造成损伤。
cause damage.
The result can be a hole that is
larger than the maximum dimension 结果是，孔的直径达到了允许的最大值。
that is permitted.
Make the countersink washers for
在初始蒙皮的初始紧固件位置，安装埋头铆
the initial fastener locations in
钉。
the initial skin.
Dry wet insulation blankets prior
如可以，在重新安装或更换新的隔热棉之前
to re-installing, or replace with
，先使用潮湿的绝缘毯。
new, as applicable.
The thickness of the strap should
be between 1 and 1.2 times the 衬板的厚度应该是初始翼梁衬垫的厚度的1-
thickness of the initial stringer 1.2倍。
pad.
Install safety wire to the knurled
retaining ring and the clogging 给凸起的固定环和堵塞指示器打保险。
indicator body.
Arrows shall be used to indicate
flow direction when needed to 当需要了解膜片时，使用箭头指示方向。
understand the schematic diagram.
Solenoid valves shall be shown
with a notation indicating whether 使用符号代表电磁活门，显示该活门是否是
the valve is spring-loaded to the 弹簧加载到开位或关位。
open or closed position.

Existing analyses were reviewed to

identify components and areas that 对现有分析进行了审查，以确定可能表现出
may have exhibited lower margins 较低安全裕度的部件和区域。
of safety.

The resulting data were used to

determine if the component should 如果这个部件应该纳入CAP，那么使用最终数
be considered for incorporation 据做出判断。
into the CAP.

Each item of Airplane Performance

shall include a statement of “飞机性能”中的每一项均应对与数据相关
significant conditions associated 的重要条件进行说明。
with the data.

The formats of performance

presentations and related
本规范中的示例应参照性能呈现格式、相关
parameters and rules shall follow 参数和规则。
the examples in this
Specification.

Reserve shall be computed as 45

minutes at the cruise power to be 计算在巡航功率下飞行45分钟所消耗的油量
。
used for the flight.
Put the upper cam in the position 把上凸轮放到与拆下时所做标记一致的位置
that agrees with the mark you made 。
at removal.
Clean the exterior of the
equipment and its mounting shelf 用真空清洁器和刷子清洁设备的内部及其底
hardware using a vacuum cleaner 座。
and brush.

If bronze particles were found,

repeat this full procedure (weight 如果发现铜颗粒, 在发现之日起的30天内重
off wheels) within 30 days from 复执行整个程序(机轮不承重)。
the date of the findings.
Turn the cover until you can get
access to the jacks that have + 旋转盖子直到接近千斤顶并标
记“+”和“-”。
and - marks.
The system interface circuits
adapt to the physical properties 系统接口电路适配已连接系统的物理特征。
of the connected systems.
If the microswitch becomes
unserviceable, do the deactivation 如果微型开关不可用，则起动作动筒以防止
procedure of the actuator to 损坏活门。
prevent damage to the valve.

The definitions used in a

particular Handbook should be 特定手册中使用的定义应适用于该特定的飞
appropriate for that particular 机或装置。
airplane or installation.

Existing analyses were reviewed to

identify components and areas that 回顾现有的分析结果，确定了安全性能表现
may have exhibited lower margins 较低的部件和区域。
of safety.
This system does not supersede the 本制度不会取代CAP中未包括事项的常规沟通
normal channels of communication 渠道。
for items not covered by the CAP.
Moving the speed brake lever will
provide the clearance needed to 拆除中央下显示器可以给移动速度刹车手柄
remove the center lower display 提供所需的间隙。
unit.
To bleed the braking system,
断开刹车系统，操纵手摇泵手柄通过全行程
operate the hand pump handle 。
through its full travel.
Measure the bend radius of the
hose from the point where the bend 从软管开始弯曲的地方测量软管的弯曲半径
。
starts.
If you install the upper drag
strut with the head down, it will 如果你将上阻力杆的头部安装在下部，它会
hit the lower drag strut during 在作动时碰撞到下阻力杆。
retraction.

If the warning light is on when

the door is closed, the 如果警告灯是亮的，将无法在门关闭时正确
microswitch is incorrectly 调节微电门。
adjusted.

When you replace a word, always

make sure that the alternative you 当替换某个单词时，一定要确保所选择的替
select does not change the meaning 代词不会改变句子的意思。
of the sentence.
Technical verbs are words that
give instructions and information 技术动词是指示性的词汇，提供有关特定技
in specified technical and 术和操作的信息。
operational contexts.

Technical texts often contain long

groups of words that have the 技术文本通常包含很长的词组，在句子中具
function of one part of speech in 有一种词性的作用。
a sentence.

If your reader must know about a

specific condition before the 如果读者必须了解某个额外要求才能执行工
start of a procedure or work step, 作程序和步骤，先给出这个要求。
give this condition first.

Make sure that you do not connect

words which are not related, 确保不要使用不相关的单词，因为这将改变
because this will change the 短语动词的意思。
meaning of the noun cluster.
The diagram shall be arranged so 应排布线路图，以便可以监测系统的最小流
that the flow of the system can be
traced with a minimum of effort. 量。

按这个顺序执行称重程序。 Do the weighing procedure in this

sequence.
此工具是可选的。 This tool is mandatory.

Turn the adjuster clockwise to increase

以60度增量逆时针转动调节器。 60 Deg.

在每根管子的开口端放一个堵头。 Put a plug on the open end of each

pipe.

不要安装厚度大于0.1毫米的填隙片。 Do not install 0.1 mm thick shims.

Clear the pipes in order to remove

冲洗管道以清除污染。 corrosion.
Ensure that there is no corrosion on
确保管子没有变形。 the tubes.

更换故障的增压泵。 Replace the defective booster pump.

The space equipment releases the air

真空设备将空气从化合物中去除。
from the compound.

On the label, read the date of the last

在标签上，看一下上次检查的日期。 inspection.

IAS shall be monitored continuously

持续监控速度指示，直到测试结束。
until the end of the test.

Do not open the container if you are

如果说明中有关于危险压力的警告，不 instructed that high pressure is
要打开容器。
dangerous.

Make sure that you can see the oil

确保能够通过观测计看见滑油油位。
level through the sight gauge.
 The bolt will be at the 2 o’clock
当从后面看这个泵时，这个螺栓位于两
点钟位置。 position when you look at the pump from
the rear.

Do not put too much force on the brush

清洁时，为防止损坏地毯，不要对毛刷
when cleaning the carpet which can be
施加过大的力。
easily damaged.

你可以调节水平安定面的安装角。 You can reassemble the horizontal

stabilizer.

Make sure that chemical compound are

确保溶剂没在发动机尾喷管附近。
not near the engine nozzle.

The test will stop when the pressure is

压力超过7000千帕时停止测试。
larger than 7000 kpa.

指针沿刻度垂直移动。 The needle moves horizontally along the

gage.
Record the results if the frequency
改变频率并记录结果。
changes.

如果冲压空气涡轮已收起。 If the rush air turbine has been

extracted.

当你通过接近盖板接近后机身时。 When you access to the rear fuselage

through the access panel.

The paper must include a three-looking

报告必须包含一个组件的三视图。 picture of the unit.

航向道对准了跑道的中心线。 The localizer beam is aligned with the

centerline of the runway.

下滑道路径是与跑道的端头成一个固定 The glideslope path is at a constant

的角度。 angle to the threshold of the runway.

使发射机中的电流发生了变化。 It changed the volts in the transmitter

The operation rods are connected to the

作动筒与液压回油管路连通
hydraulic feedback.

Identify the disassembled parts with

使用标牌来标识分解后的部件。
tags.

使用祈使语气来书写指令。 Write the instructions in the mandatory

mode.

从马达的法兰盘上拆下3个螺钉。 Remove the 3 screws from the flap of

the motor assembly.

Information on specific optional

有关特定选装系统或设备的信息可包 systems or equipment may be included in
含在本节或第9节“补充”中。 this section or in Section 9,
Supplementary.
 Airline performance data shall be
飞机性能数据应以图或表显示。 presented in either graphical or
tabular formats.

This document compliments informaiton

本文件为相应的飞机维护手册提供补充
to the applicable airplane maintenance
信息。
manual(s).

应使用应重量力矩包线图来描述飞机的 A Weight and Moment Limit diagram shall

重心限制。 be used to describe the c.g. limits.

在描述飞机起落架的部分，应说明警告 When describing the airplane's Landing

Gear, how its indication system
系统的工作原理。
functions shall be explained.

This format may be used in integra or

格式可以完全或部分使用此格式。
in part.

描述飞机发动机时，应描述点火系统。 When describing the airplane's Engine,

spark plug system shall be described.

Clamps should be spaced at intervals

卡箍应该间隔不超过24英寸。应该选择 not exceeding 24 inches. Clamps on wire
适合的卡箍，以便紧密贴合而不夹住导 bundles should be selected so that they
线。
have a snug fit without pinching wires.

One of the safety precautions is to

预防措施之一是使易燃物远离工作区至 keep the combustible material from the
少50英尺。 work area at distance of 50ft at least.

对拧动工具做硬度测试。 Do a hardness test for turning tool.

如果两个表上读数不一致， 再做一次 If the two indications do not agree, do

测试。 the test again.

移除传感器以便接近传感器相邻的结构 To gain entry to the nearby structure,

。 take out the sensor.

Manufacturers' recommended time limits,

制造商推荐的时间限制、计划性维修和 maintenance checks and inspections
非计划性维修的检查检验在第五章。 (both planned and unplanned) are
arranged in Chapter 5.

Exterior Placards and Markings are

外部标牌和标记用于地面勤务说明、检 required for ground servicing
查、警戒、警告等。 instructions, inspections, cautions,
warnings.
 Interior Labels and Signs are required
内部标牌和标记用于一般性的和应急性 for interior general and emergency
的信息、说明、警戒、警告等。 information, instructions, cautions,
warnings, etc.

The air conditioning system keeps the

空调系统将机身增压舱的空气保持在正 air in the pressurized fuselage
确的压力、温度和新鲜度。 compartments at the correct pressure,
temperature and freshness.

The air conditioning cooling system

空调的冷却系统向座舱提供冷却空气， supplies cooled air to the cabin.
包括冷却组件、与冷却器工作相关的指 Includes items such as the cooling
示系统等。 unit, indicating systems related to the
cooler operation, etc.

注意：制造商可以选择将线路图放在第 NOTE: The manufacturer may have the

option of including wiring schematic in
24章、第91章或放在一本独立的线路图 Chapter 24, Chapter 91, or establish a
手册中。
separate Wiring Diagram Manual.

"Towing and Taxiing" shall include

procedures to be used such as ground
”拖动和滑行”中应包括在地面转弯技 turning techniques,
use of parking
巧、刹车的使用、电源连接等程序。 brakes, connection of electrical power,
etc..

Collect all maintenance records for the

收集所有件号为PNxxxx的维修记录。
part PNxxxx.

这个接触器有32个触点。 The connector has 32 contacting points.

Horsepower Radius and Engine Revolving

额定马力以及螺旋桨转速
Speed

任何情况下都不要超过这个速度或马赫 Do not exceed this dimension or Mach in

数。 any operation.

The Unusual Procedures Check List

“非正常程序检查单”应简明扼要。 should be in concrete, abbreviated
form.

That section of the systems which

控制后缘襟翼位置和移动的系统部分。 controls the position and rotation of
the trailing edge flaps.
 The section of the system which is used
用来探测和指示积冰情况的系统部分。 to sense and signal the formation of
ice.

The turbines are used to extract energy

涡轮能够利用排气能量，并与曲轴相连
。 from the exhaust gases and are coupled
to the crankshaft.

The section of the engine system which

发动机系统中包含螺旋桨轴和减速器的
contains the turbine shafts and
部分。
reduction gears.

That portion of the system is used to

用于指示滑油油量、温度和压力的系统
indicate the quantity, temperature and
部分。
pressure of the oil.

That portion of the system is used to

该系统部分可在起动过程中用于驱动曲 perform the cranking portion of the
轴。 starting operation.

Starting system refers to those units,

起动系统指用于起动发动机的装置、部 components and associated systems used
件及相关系统。 for igniting the engine.

动力装置或通过排气或转动螺旋桨产生 The power plant uses an air vent or

推力。 propeller to produce power.

在动力装置表面或其周围安装有阻热隔 The fire-proof materials and seals are

板或封严层。 mounted on or about the power unit.

The power is transmitted from the

发动机可以把功率传给螺旋桨轴。
propeller to the engine.

替代燃油和经批准的添加剂 substituted oil and authorized addings

Do not extend or retract landing gear

超过此速度时不要放出或收上起落架。 above this speed.

Make sure that the scale is not more

确保指示不超过400节。
than 400 knots.

保留所有可用的部件，并丢弃那些损坏 Keep all the parts that are serviceable

的部件。 and discard those that are broken.

如果用了很大的力来打开组件，则检查 If you must apply a strike to open the

控制连杆。 unit, examine the control linkage.

If the tire temperature is unusually

如果胎压特别高，打开活门。
high, open the valve.
 Do not apply too much composite on the
不要在垫圈上涂抹过多的粘合剂。
blanket.

用力过大会损坏密封件。 Too much force can cause damage to the

sealing components.

交换1、2号计算机，然后再做测试。 Replace the No. 1 and No. 2 computers.

Then do the test again.

This procedure does not include the

这个步骤不包括拆除活塞。
removal of the cylinder.

确保在滑油中没有金属粒子。 Make sure that there are no foreign

particles in the oil.
Be careful not to get acid on your
注意不要让酸接触皮肤。
skin.
Do not alleviate pressure to the aft
不要对后法兰施加力。 flange.

戴上氧气面罩呼吸。 Exhale into the oxygen mask.

The exhaust from the Auxiliary Power

APU排气是危险的。
Unit is dangerous.

利用风扇排气。 Use a fan to suck the gases.

Release the hydraulic pressure in the

释放蓄压器内的液压力。 accumulator.

第2.0段中给出了测试条件的详尽表。 The
toxic conditions are given in
Paragraph 2.0.

确保所有紧急出口没有不需要的物品。 Make
sure that all the emergency exits
are clear of unwanted objects.

When it is unlikely that the

如果温度降到-20摄氏度，拆下电瓶。 temperature decreases to -20 ℃, remove
the batteries.

If the error is more than 3 degrees,

如果误差超过3度，校正罗盘。
calibrate the glide slope.

Make an estimate of the necessary

评估所需要的数量。
quantity.

The damper prevents abnormal movement

阻尼器可以防止操纵面突然移动。
of the control.

If the brackets are not damaged,

若支架未损坏，则继续执行此程序。
continue the procedure.

Ensure that you do activate the control

确保不要操作相邻的控制器。 adjacent to it.
Make sure that the pressure in the
确保客舱内的压力差不多为零。 cabin is almost zero.

如果固态样品中有金属屑，则更换泵。 If
there are metal fragments in the
liquid sample, replace the pump.
 The engine and all additional
发动机及所有附件使用同一种滑油。
facilities use indifferent lubricants.

在紧急情况下，一次性电瓶可提供直流 In an emergency, the one-shot battery

电源。 supplies DC power.

Decrease the pressure in the hydraulic

给减速板液压系统泄压。
system.

A blocked oil jet cannot enhance

喷油嘴堵塞会导致错误的操作。
performance.

Carry on with the test if the pressure

如果供压停止，请取消测试。
supply is not available.

Turn the adjuster clockwise to make the

顺时针旋转调节器使显示器更亮。
display brighter.
Vigorously scrub the surface with a
用柔软的干布快速摩擦表面。
rough, dry cloth.

燃油和氧气的混合物能引起爆炸。 A mixture of fuel and oxygen can cause

an explosion.

金属会引起磁干扰。 Metal objects attract magnetic

interference.

选择要增压的液压系统。 Select the specific system that you

will apply pressure to.

Due to the incorrect level of pressure,

由于液位不准确，系统无法工作。 the system will not work.

A centrifugal pump supplies hydraulic

离心泵向组件提供液压油。
fluid to the unit.

如果出现故障，齿轮将自动脱开。 The gears will automatically engage if

a malfunction occurs.

When installing the distributor,

当安装分配器时，不要移动计时器。
refrain from changing the timing.

You can combine the drains into three

可以把排放管分成三大类。
primary categories.

当对灭火瓶进行维护时，请使用护目镜 Use protective goggles when you do work

。 on fire extinguishers.

在收上测试期间监控指示器的指示。 During the retraction test, keep a

close watch on the monitor.

The system is pneumatically operated

该系统是电力控制、液压作动。 and mechanically controlled.
 The damper prevents abnormal movement
阻尼器可以防止操纵面突然移动。
of the control.

Put the repair patch accurately on the

将修理补片准确地贴在损坏的部位。
damaged area.
Rise the cylinder up its install
将汽缸提升到其安装位置的上方。 position.

有关电路跳开关位置的数据，请参考导 For data about the location of circuit

线清单。 breakers, refer to the wiring list.

设置控制器以获得最大推力。 Preset the control to get maximum

thrust.

一台发电机可以为所有系统提供电力。 A motor can power all the systems.

向化合物中加入5毫升硬化剂。 Add 5 ml of hardener to the compound.

Adjust the frequency to the value

将频率调整到表1中给出的值。
giving in table 1.

Sudden changes in temperature can

内部逻辑调整适应温度的突然变化。
adjust the internal logic.

Make sure that the latch is fully

确保门锁完全啮合。
engaged.
Clean the surface to make sure that the
清洁表面，以确保粘接符合要求。
sealing is satisfactory.

雷达罩的状况对其性能有着重要的影响 The condition of the radome is very

。 important for its performance.

提起座椅直至离开轨道锁。 The seat shall be lifted to leave the

track locked.

Possibly, the incorrect operation will

occur due to the contaminated oil jet.

Proper recipe shall be adopted to

用适用的公式计算压力。
measure the pressure.

在高压环境下工作时，应遵守安全注意 Obey the safety precautions when you do

事项。 work with high voltages.

易燃物品与工作区域保持至少50英尺的 Arequired
maximum distance of 50 feet is
between consumable materials
距离。 and the work area.

等第一层油漆完全干透后再涂第二层。 Wait for the paint to dry completely

before polishing it again.

为避免污染，必须在非常清洁的环境里 Because of the risk of contamination,

you must do this task in a very clean
执行该任务。
environment.
 Visual difference is acceptable between
初始表面涂饰和新表面涂饰之间不应有
视觉差异。 the previous surface and the new
surface.

带有磁性的工具对罗盘系统有不利影响 Magnetic tools have an unwanted effect

。 on the compass system.

When installing the antenna, the arrows

安装天线时，对齐箭头必须朝前。
must be aligned and point forward.

Find appropriate torque values in the

参考下表以获得适用的扭矩值。
table above.

Get approval for all modifications from

获得设计部门对所有修改的批准。
the design authority.

Lubricate the engine and its

发动机和辅助设备使用相同的润滑油。 accessories with the same brand.

临时用一些辅助螺丝来组装这个部件。 Use
some auxiliary screws to assemble
the unit temporarily.

在管子的连接处缠两层胶带。 Wrap two tapes around the pipe

connectors.

关于一般信息，参见发动机工作限制、 Refer to the general information in

指南和专用程序。 addition to engine operation limits,
guidelines and special procedures.

Compressed air will push contamination

压缩空气会将污染物吹入显示组件内。 into the display unit.

Use the upper latch mechanism to lock

用上部的锁机构安装中下显示组件。 the lower display unit in the middle.

如果燃油样品中没有污染，则继续该程 Obey the procedure if there is no

序。 debris in the oil sample.

The brackets should be connected to the

将支架与相邻部件对齐。
nearest components.

控制杆的向前移动必须是缓慢而连续的 The forward movement of the control

。 lever must be slow and continuous.

轮胎磨损随速度提高而增加。 Tire wear increases with high speed.

如果更改此修理程序，须获得设计机构 The Design Authority is responsible for

approving and changing the repair
的批准。
procedure.
 Operation time should be recorded if
使用应急泵时应记录操作时间。
the pump is in emergency .

A hard landing may be the result of

重着陆会导致发动机冲击负荷。
shock loading of the engine.

The properties of these sealants

这些密封剂的特性可以防止腐蚀。
prevent corrosion.

By way of the control unit, enter the

通过油箱侧面的开口进入控制组件。 opening in the side of the tank.

When simulating altitude, make sure you

在模拟高度时确保ATC应答机处于待机
have alternate ATC transponders in
状态。
active mode.

Do the weighing procedure in this

按这个顺序执行称重程序。 sequence.
此工具是可选的。 This tool is mandatory.

以60度增量逆时针转动调节器。 Turn the adjuster clockwise to increase

60 Deg.

Put a plug on the open end of each

在每根管子的开口端放一个堵头。
pipe.

不要安装厚度大于0.1毫米的填隙片。 Do not install 0.1 mm thick shims.

Clear the pipes in order to remove

冲洗管道以清除污染。
corrosion.

确保管子没有变形。 Ensure that there is no corrosion on

the tubes.

更换故障的增压泵。 Replace the defective booster pump.

The space equipment releases the air

真空设备将空气从化合物中去除。 from the compound.

在标签上，看一下上次检查的日期。 On the label, read the date of the last

inspection.

IAS shall be monitored continuously

持续监控速度指示，直到测试结束。
until the end of the test.

如果说明中有关于危险压力的警告，不 Do not open the container if you are

instructed that high pressure is
要打开容器。
dangerous.

Make sure that you can see the oil

确保能够通过观测计看见滑油油位。
level through the sight gauge.

当从后面看这个泵时，这个螺栓位于两 The
bolt will be at the 2 o’clock
position when you look at the pump from
点钟位置。 the rear.
 Do not put too much force on the brush
清洁时，为防止损坏地毯，不要对毛刷
施加过大的力。 when cleaning the carpet which can be
easily damaged.

You can reassemble the horizontal

你可以调节水平安定面的安装角。 stabilizer.

Make sure that chemical compound are

确保溶剂没在发动机尾喷管附近。
not near the engine nozzle.

The test will stop when the pressure is

压力超过7000千帕时停止测试。
larger than 7000 kpa.
The needle moves horizontally along the
指针沿刻度垂直移动。
gage.
Record the results if the frequency
改变频率并记录结果。
changes.
If the rush air turbine has been
如果冲压空气涡轮已收起。
extracted.

当你通过接近盖板接近后机身时。 When you access to the rear fuselage

through the access panel.

报告必须包含一个组件的三视图。 The paper must include a three-looking

picture of the unit.

The localizer beam is aligned with the

航向道对准了跑道的中心线。 centerline of the runway.

下滑道路径是与跑道的端头成一个固定 The glideslope path is at a constant

的角度。 angle to the threshold of the runway.

使发射机中的电流发生了变化。 It changed the volts in the transmitter

The operation rods are connected to the

作动筒与液压回油管路连通
hydraulic feedback.

Identify the disassembled parts with

使用标牌来标识分解后的部件。
tags.

使用祈使语气来书写指令。 Write the instructions in the mandatory

mode.

Remove the 3 screws from the flap of

从马达的法兰盘上拆下3个螺钉。 the motor assembly.

Information on specific optional

有关特定选装系统或设备的信息可包 systems or equipment may be included in
含在本节或第9节“补充”中。 this section or in Section 9,
Supplementary.

Airline performance data shall be

飞机性能数据应以图或表显示。 presented in either graphical or
tabular formats.
 This document compliments informaiton
本文件为相应的飞机维护手册提供补充
信息。 to the applicable airplane maintenance
manual(s).

应使用应重量力矩包线图来描述飞机的 A Weight and Moment Limit diagram shall

重心限制。 be used to describe the c.g. limits.

When describing the airplane's Landing

在描述飞机起落架的部分，应说明警告 Gear, how its indication system
系统的工作原理。
functions shall be explained.

This format may be used in integra or

格式可以完全或部分使用此格式。
in part.

描述飞机发动机时，应描述点火系统。 When describing the airplane's Engine,

spark plug system shall be described.

Clamps should be spaced at intervals

卡箍应该间隔不超过24英寸。应该选择
适合的卡箍，以便紧密贴合而不夹住导 not exceeding 24 inches. Clamps on wire
bundles should be selected so that they
线。 have a snug fit without pinching wires.

One of the safety precautions is to

预防措施之一是使易燃物远离工作区至 keep the combustible material from the
少50英尺。
work area at distance of 50ft at least.

对拧动工具做硬度测试。 Do a hardness test for turning tool.

如果两个表上读数不一致， 再做一次 If the two indications do not agree, do

测试。 the test again.

移除传感器以便接近传感器相邻的结构 To gain entry to the nearby structure,

。 take out the sensor.

Manufacturers' recommended time limits,

制造商推荐的时间限制、计划性维修和 maintenance checks and inspections
非计划性维修的检查检验在第五章。 (both planned and unplanned) are
arranged in Chapter 5.

Exterior Placards and Markings are

外部标牌和标记用于地面勤务说明、检 required for ground servicing
查、警戒、警告等。 instructions, inspections, cautions,
warnings.
 Interior Labels and Signs are required
内部标牌和标记用于一般性的和应急性 for interior general and emergency
的信息、说明、警戒、警告等。 information, instructions, cautions,
warnings, etc.

The air conditioning system keeps the

空调系统将机身增压舱的空气保持在正 air in the pressurized fuselage
确的压力、温度和新鲜度。 compartments at the correct pressure,
temperature and freshness.

The air conditioning cooling system

空调的冷却系统向座舱提供冷却空气， supplies cooled air to the cabin.
包括冷却组件、与冷却器工作相关的指 Includes items such as the cooling
示系统等。 unit, indicating systems related to the
cooler operation, etc.

注意：制造商可以选择将线路图放在第 NOTE: The manufacturer may have the

option of including wiring schematic in
24章、第91章或放在一本独立的线路图 Chapter 24, Chapter 91, or establish a
手册中。
separate Wiring Diagram Manual.

"Towing and Taxiing" shall include

procedures to be used such as ground
”拖动和滑行”中应包括在地面转弯技 turning techniques,
use of parking
巧、刹车的使用、电源连接等程序。 brakes, connection of electrical power,
etc..

Collect all maintenance records for the

收集所有件号为PNxxxx的维修记录。
part PNxxxx.

这个接触器有32个触点。 The connector has 32 contacting points.

Horsepower Radius and Engine Revolving

额定马力以及螺旋桨转速
Speed

任何情况下都不要超过这个速度或马赫 Do not exceed this dimension or Mach in

数。 any operation.

The Unusual Procedures Check List

“非正常程序检查单”应简明扼要。 should be in concrete, abbreviated
form.

That section of the systems which

控制后缘襟翼位置和移动的系统部分。 controls the position and rotation of
the trailing edge flaps.
 The section of the system which is used
用来探测和指示积冰情况的系统部分。 to sense and signal the formation of
ice.

The turbines are used to extract energy

涡轮能够利用排气能量，并与曲轴相连
。 from the exhaust gases and are coupled
to the crankshaft.

The section of the engine system which

发动机系统中包含螺旋桨轴和减速器的
contains the turbine shafts and
部分。
reduction gears.

That portion of the system is used to

用于指示滑油油量、温度和压力的系统
indicate the quantity, temperature and
部分。
pressure of the oil.

That portion of the system is used to

该系统部分可在起动过程中用于驱动曲 perform the cranking portion of the
轴。 starting operation.

Starting system refers to those units,

起动系统指用于起动发动机的装置、部 components and associated systems used
件及相关系统。 for igniting the engine.

动力装置或通过排气或转动螺旋桨产生 The power plant uses an air vent or

推力。 propeller to produce power.

在动力装置表面或其周围安装有阻热隔 The fire-proof materials and seals are

板或封严层。 mounted on or about the power unit.

The power is transmitted from the

发动机可以把功率传给螺旋桨轴。
propeller to the engine.

替代燃油和经批准的添加剂 substituted oil and authorized addings

Do not extend or retract landing gear

超过此速度时不要放出或收上起落架。 above this speed.

Make sure that the scale is not more

确保指示不超过400节。
than 400 knots.

保留所有可用的部件，并丢弃那些损坏 Keep all the parts that are serviceable

的部件。 and discard those that are broken.

如果用了很大的力来打开组件，则检查 If you must apply a strike to open the

控制连杆。 unit, examine the control linkage.

If the tire temperature is unusually

如果胎压特别高，打开活门。
high, open the valve.
 Do not apply too much composite on the
不要在垫圈上涂抹过多的粘合剂。
blanket.

用力过大会损坏密封件。 Too much force can cause damage to the

sealing components.

交换1、2号计算机，然后再做测试。 Replace the No. 1 and No. 2 computers.

Then do the test again.

This procedure does not include the

这个步骤不包括拆除活塞。
removal of the cylinder.

确保在滑油中没有金属粒子。 Make sure that there are no foreign

particles in the oil.
Be careful not to get acid on your
注意不要让酸接触皮肤。
skin.
Do not alleviate pressure to the aft
不要对后法兰施加力。 flange.

戴上氧气面罩呼吸。 Exhale into the oxygen mask.

The exhaust from the Auxiliary Power

APU排气是危险的。
Unit is dangerous.

利用风扇排气。 Use a fan to suck the gases.

Release the hydraulic pressure in the

释放蓄压器内的液压力。 accumulator.

第2.0段中给出了测试条件的详尽表。 The
toxic conditions are given in
Paragraph 2.0.

确保所有紧急出口没有不需要的物品。 Make
sure that all the emergency exits
are clear of unwanted objects.

When it is unlikely that the

如果温度降到-20摄氏度，拆下电瓶。 temperature decreases to -20 ℃, remove
the batteries.

If the error is more than 3 degrees,

如果误差超过3度，校正罗盘。
calibrate the glide slope.

Make an estimate of the necessary

评估所需要的数量。
quantity.

The damper prevents abnormal movement

阻尼器可以防止操纵面突然移动。
of the control.

If the brackets are not damaged,

若支架未损坏，则继续执行此程序。
continue the procedure.

Ensure that you do activate the control

确保不要操作相邻的控制器。 adjacent to it.
Make sure that the pressure in the
确保客舱内的压力差不多为零。 cabin is almost zero.

如果固态样品中有金属屑，则更换泵。 If
there are metal fragments in the
liquid sample, replace the pump.
 The engine and all additional
发动机及所有附件使用同一种滑油。
facilities use indifferent lubricants.

在紧急情况下，一次性电瓶可提供直流 In an emergency, the one-shot battery

电源。 supplies DC power.

Decrease the pressure in the hydraulic

给减速板液压系统泄压。
system.

A blocked oil jet cannot enhance

喷油嘴堵塞会导致错误的操作。
performance.

Carry on with the test if the pressure

如果供压停止，请取消测试。
supply is not available.

Turn the adjuster clockwise to make the

顺时针旋转调节器使显示器更亮。
display brighter.
Vigorously scrub the surface with a
用柔软的干布快速摩擦表面。
rough, dry cloth.

燃油和氧气的混合物能引起爆炸。 A mixture of fuel and oxygen can cause

an explosion.

金属会引起磁干扰。 Metal objects attract magnetic

interference.

选择要增压的液压系统。 Select the specific system that you

will apply pressure to.

Due to the incorrect level of pressure,

由于液位不准确，系统无法工作。 the system will not work.

A centrifugal pump supplies hydraulic

离心泵向组件提供液压油。
fluid to the unit.

如果出现故障，齿轮将自动脱开。 The gears will automatically engage if

a malfunction occurs.

When installing the distributor,

当安装分配器时，不要移动计时器。
refrain from changing the timing.

You can combine the drains into three

可以把排放管分成三大类。
primary categories.

当对灭火瓶进行维护时，请使用护目镜 Use protective goggles when you do work

。 on fire extinguishers.

在收上测试期间监控指示器的指示。 During the retraction test, keep a

close watch on the monitor.

The system is pneumatically operated

该系统是电力控制、液压作动。 and mechanically controlled.
 The damper prevents abnormal movement
阻尼器可以防止操纵面突然移动。
of the control.

Put the repair patch accurately on the

将修理补片准确地贴在损坏的部位。
damaged area.
Rise the cylinder up its install
将汽缸提升到其安装位置的上方。 position.

有关电路跳开关位置的数据，请参考导 For data about the location of circuit

线清单。 breakers, refer to the wiring list.

设置控制器以获得最大推力。 Preset the control to get maximum

thrust.

一台发电机可以为所有系统提供电力。 A motor can power all the systems.

向化合物中加入5毫升硬化剂。 Add 5 ml of hardener to the compound.

Adjust the frequency to the value

将频率调整到表1中给出的值。
giving in table 1.

Sudden changes in temperature can

内部逻辑调整适应温度的突然变化。
adjust the internal logic.

Make sure that the latch is fully

确保门锁完全啮合。
engaged.
Clean the surface to make sure that the
清洁表面，以确保粘接符合要求。
sealing is satisfactory.

雷达罩的状况对其性能有着重要的影响 The condition of the radome is very

。 important for its performance.

提起座椅直至离开轨道锁。 The seat shall be lifted to leave the

track locked.

Possibly, the incorrect operation will

喷油嘴堵塞可能导致操作错误。 occur due to the contaminated oil jet.

Proper recipe shall be adopted to

用适用的公式计算压力。
measure the pressure.

在高压环境下工作时，应遵守安全注意 Obey the safety precautions when you do

事项。 work with high voltages.

易燃物品与工作区域保持至少50英尺的 Arequired
maximum distance of 50 feet is
between consumable materials
距离。 and the work area.

等第一层油漆完全干透后再涂第二层。 Wait for the paint to dry completely

before polishing it again.

为避免污染，必须在非常清洁的环境里 Because of the risk of contamination,

you must do this task in a very clean
执行该任务。
environment.
 Visual difference is acceptable between
初始表面涂饰和新表面涂饰之间不应有
视觉差异。 the previous surface and the new
surface.

带有磁性的工具对罗盘系统有不利影响 Magnetic tools have an unwanted effect

。 on the compass system.

When installing the antenna, the arrows

安装天线时，对齐箭头必须朝前。
must be aligned and point forward.

Find appropriate torque values in the

参考下表以获得适用的扭矩值。
table above.

Get approval for all modifications from

获得设计部门对所有修改的批准。
the design authority.

Lubricate the engine and its

发动机和辅助设备使用相同的润滑油。 accessories with the same brand.

临时用一些辅助螺丝来组装这个部件。 Use
some auxiliary screws to assemble
the unit temporarily.

在管子的连接处缠两层胶带。 Wrap two tapes around the pipe

connectors.

关于一般信息，参见发动机工作限制、 Refer to the general information in

指南和专用程序。 addition to engine operation limits,
guidelines and special procedures.

Compressed air will push contamination

压缩空气会将污染物吹入显示组件内。 into the display unit.

Use the upper latch mechanism to lock

用上部的锁机构安装中下显示组件。 the lower display unit in the middle.

如果燃油样品中没有污染，则继续该程 Obey the procedure if there is no

序。 debris in the oil sample.

The brackets should be connected to the

将支架与相邻部件对齐。
nearest components.

控制杆的向前移动必须是缓慢而连续的 The forward movement of the control

。 lever must be slow and continuous.

轮胎磨损随速度提高而增加。 Tire wear increases with high speed.

如果更改此修理程序，须获得设计机构 The Design Authority is responsible for

approving and changing the repair
的批准。
procedure.
 Operation time should be recorded if
使用应急泵时应记录操作时间。
the pump is in emergency .

A hard landing may be the result of

重着陆会导致发动机冲击负荷。
shock loading of the engine.

The properties of these sealants

这些密封剂的特性可以防止腐蚀。
prevent corrosion.

By way of the control unit, enter the

通过油箱侧面的开口进入控制组件。 opening in the side of the tank.

When simulating altitude, make sure you

在模拟高度时确保ATC应答机处于待机
have alternate ATC transponders in
状态。
active mode.

The Table of Contents required by

paragraph 0.9 of this
Specification may be in the form 本规范第0.9部分要求的表格内容可以采用补
充材料的日志（或清单）形式。
of a log (or list) of the
Supplements.

This Section of the Pilot's

Operating Handbook shall contain
the appropriate Supplements
(operating information) necessary 飞行员操作手册的本节应包含重要的补充材
to safely and efficiently operate 料（操作信息），以便安全有效地操作配备
the airplane when equipped with 了各种选装系统和设备的标准飞机。
the various optional system and
equipment not provided with the
standard airplane.

It should contain all necessary

information to perform proficiency 它应包含进行验证试验所需的所有信息，以
tests to maintain system or unit
将系统或组件稳定性保持在可接受水平，无
reliability at an acceptable
需参考其他附加文件。
level, without reference to
additional documents.

The corrective action prescribed

by the AD, such as an inspection,
repair, or modification, may be 纠正措施在适航指南中给出，如检查，维修
detailed in the AD itself or may 或改装，在适航指南中详细说明，或在另外
be contained in another document, 一个文件中给出，如制造厂家服务通告，该
such as a manufacturer's Service 服务通告在适航指南中作为参考。
Bulletin, which is referenced in
the AD.

This Section must set forth each

mandatory replacement time,
本部分必须确定每个（部件的）指导更换时
structural inspection interval,
and related structural inspection 间，结构检查间隔以及型号合格证要求的相
关结构检查程序。
procedure required for type
certification.
You should pay attention to
precautions and limitations such
应注意起落架和控制舵面锁定机构，最小转
as use of landing gear and control
弯半径，前起落架最大牵引负载等注意事项
surface locks, minimum turning 和限制。
radius, maximum towing and pushing
loads on nose landing gear, etc.

Overhaul of any or all components

in this chapter must be 根据部件制造商提供的数据，对本章中任意
accomplished in a qualified shop 或全部部件的大修必须在经批准的车间内进
in accordance with data supplied 行。
by the component manufacturer.

Those units and components store,

regulate, and deliver oxygen to
那些组件和部件存储、调节并向旅客和机组
the passengers and crew, including 输送氧气，包括气瓶、释压活门、关断活门
bottles, relief valves, shut-off 、出口、调节器、面罩等。
valves, outlets, regulators,
masks, etc.

The words and definations that

follow agree with the
specifications for technical 以下词语和定义符合适用于航空航天和国防
publications that are applicable 的技术出版物规范。
to aerospace and defense.

Usually the context of the

sentence will give the reader 通常句子的上下文会向读者提供足够的信息
sufficient information to know 来获知正确的意思。
which meaning is correct.

Do not use crocus cloth on

aluminum parts,Crocus cloth 在铝合金部件上不要使用藏红花布，它含有
contains ferrous oxide and can 氧化铁，在铝合金部件上会造成划痕。
cause corrosion on aluminum parts.

Adjectives are given in their

basic form,with their comparative 形容词给出了原形，在括号中给出了同义词
and superlative forms in 和反义词。
parentheses.

The Maintenance Manual and/or

Maintenance Data furnished to the
Purchaser at the time of aircraft
delivery, or upon issuance of the
first standard certificate of 在航空器交付时或在签发第一份标准适航证
airworthiness, shall provide 时提供给买方的维修手册和/或维修数据，应
sufficient information to enable a 包括足够的信息，使合格的机械师能够酌情
qualified mechanic to inspect, 检查、排除故障、测试、维修或更换制造商
troubleshoot, test, and repair or 认为可维修或可更换的所有系统和组件，以
replace all systems and units 此作为正常维修程序的一部分。
considered by the manufacturer to
be repairable or replaceable as a
part of the normal maintenance
procedures.
Troubleshooting information
describing probable malfunctions,
应提供描述可能出现的故障、如何识别这些
how to recognize those
故障以及这些故障的补救措施的故障排除信
malfunctions, and the remedial 息。
action for those malfunctions
shall be provided.

It is expected that the

manufacturers of major components
will provide maintenance,
troubleshooting, inspection and
主要部件的制造商提供的维护、故障排除、
repair data in the format of this
specification. However, power 检查和修理相关数据应遵守本规范的格式。
但对于电源、总线系统、继电器、跳开关、
sources, bus systems, relays,
开关以及特定飞机制造商和型号常用的其他
circuit breakers, switches and
other items that are common to a 部件，可视情在基本的机体维护手册中予以
描述。
particular make and model are to
be shown and described as
necessary in the basic airframe
Maintenance Manual.

In cases where an item has an

exceptionally high degree of
complexity requiring specialized
techniques, test equipment, or
expertise, it is not required that 如果一个项目具有特别高的复杂性，需要专
门的技术、测试设备或专业知识，则不要求
internal diagrams and construction 将内部图和结构细节，或互联系统、维护、
details, or data in interconnect
故障排除、检查或修理方面的数据，包括在
systems, maintenance, 基本机身维修手册中，对主要部件，如航空
troubleshooting, inspection or 电子设备、特殊电子设备、发动机、螺旋桨
repair, will be included in the
等。
basic airframe Maintenance Manual
on major components such as
avionics, specialty electronics,
engines and propellers.

Schematic diagrams shall be used

when necessary to indicate "flow"
and to illustrate the operation of 必要时，应使用示意图来指示“流量”，并
air control, electrical, fluid- 以尽可能直接的方式说明空气控制、电气、
power, fuel and turbo systems in 流体动力、燃料和涡轮系统的操作。
as straightforward a manner as
possible.

The schematic diagrams should

include generators, tanks, and
reservoirs that are considered to
be the starting points of the flow 系统示意图应包括被视为流程起点的发电机
shown. The diagram shall be 、油箱和液压油箱等。部件的布置应使系统
arranged so that the flow of the 的流程追踪起来最不费力。尽量避免纵横交
system can be traced with a 错。
minimum of effort. Cross-overs
shall be avoided as much as
possible.
All flow control devices within
the system, such as check valves,
fuel pumps, accumulators, and
relays should be included and
indicated. Solenoid valves shall
系统内的所有流量控制装置，如止回阀、燃
be indicated as such and shall
include a notation indicating 油泵、蓄能器和继电器都应包括在内。电磁
阀应标明，并应包括一个说明，表明该阀是
whether the valve is spring-loaded
由弹簧加载到打开或关闭位置。一旦为阀门
to the open or closed position.
Once a symbol or device is 或控制装置确定了一个符号或装置，它应在
整个手册中用于该类型的装置。所用的符号
established for a valve or
应在原理图的图例块中显示和标识。
control, it shall be used for this
type of unit throughout the
manual. The symbols used should be
shown and identified in a legend
block on the schematic diagram.

The recommended fuel conservation

procedures shall contain a
caution, if applicable, that the
power settings recommended by the
manufacturer must be used during
the break-in
period of new and newly overhauled
engines. The use of economy power
settings during this period may be
detrimental to the engine life.
推荐的燃料节约程序应包含一个告诫，如果
适用的话，制造商推荐的功率设置必须在磨
合期内使用。在新的和新大修的发动机的磨
合期必须使用制造商推荐的功率设置。在这
期间使用经济的动力设置可能会对发动机的
寿命造成损害。

The procedure shall specify that

intentionally rendering one engine
inoperative for the purpose of
demonstrating, or training in, the
recognition of VMCA will be done 该程序应明确，在演示或训练识别一发不工
by starting at or above VSSE, then 作时的VMCA时，应从不小于VSSE的速度开始
逐渐减速（约1节/秒），直至速度减小至
gradually reducing the speed (at
approximately one knot per second) VMCA或失速警告触发，以先到者为准。
until either VMCA or stall
warning, whichever occurs first,
is obtained.

The effective wind components

along the runway shall be taken as
50% of headwind components and 在所有起飞、降落、加速-停止、加速-飞行
150% of tailwind components in all 和其他跑道性能中，有效风分量应取逆风风
takeoff, landing, accelerate-stop, 力的50%和顺风风力的150%。
accelerate-go and other runway
performance.

Range values should include an

allowance for fuel to start, taxi,
计算航程时应考虑开车、滑行、起飞和爬升
takeoff, climb and reserve. For
所需燃油以及储备燃油。对于开车、滑行和
start, taxi and takeoff, allow 5
起飞，需考虑飞机以起飞功率运行5分钟的所
minutes of fuel flow at takeoff 需燃油量。对于储备燃油，应考虑巡航功率
power. Reserve shall be computed
运行 45 分钟所需燃油量。
as 45 minutes at the cruise power
to be used for the flight.
For all engines operating takeoff
distance, data shall be presented
as distance versus outside air 对于全发工作起飞距离，
应显示不同周围温度、高度、重量和风与起
temperature, altitude, weight, and
飞距离的对应关系。应包括地面滚转和达到
wind. Both ground roll and total
distance over a 50 foot obstacle 50英尺障碍物高度的总距离。
shall be included.

Data shall be presented as landing

distance versus outside air
temperature, altitude, weight and
数据应能够显示外界空气温度、高度、重量
wind. Both ground roll and the
total distance over a 50 foot 和风与着陆距离的关系。应包括地面滑跑和
飞越50英尺障碍物的总距离。应给出为获得
obstacle shall be included. The
总距离所需的50英尺高度点上的速度。
speed(s) at the 50 foot height
point required to obtain the total
distance shall be scheduled.

Recommended or Required Retirement

Times of Life Limited
Parts. Use of the word CAUTION,
with appropriate 10-point
uppercase for the text, enclosed “寿命限制部件的建议或要求的报废时间”
。建议使用“CAUTION”告诫一并用适当的10
in a box, is recommended. Sets
forth manufacturer recommended 号大写将文本括在一个框中。列出制造商建
议的部件或组件报废时间（使用小时、循环
retirement times for parts or 或其他适当的决定因素）和FAA要求的寿命限
assemblies (using hours, cycles or
制的部件或组件报废（停用）时间。
another appropriate determinant)
and FAA required retirement
(removal from service) times for
life limited parts or assemblies.

Wherever the CAP is directed to a

specific part or component, it is
implied that the inspection will
include observation and evaluation
of the surrounding area of parts
当CAP针对某特定零件或部件时，相应的检查
and equipment. Any maintenance
要求将包括对周围区域零部件和设备的观察
anomaly would subsequently be 和评估。任何维修异常应及时汇报给运营人
brought to the attention of both 和维修人员。将发现的任何异常情况通过“
the owner and maintenance
情况报告系统”向ABC公司报告，以便在必要
personnel. Any anomaly should be
时对CAP进行增补和/或修改。
reported to ABC, through the
Condition Reporting System, so
that additions and/or revisions
can be made to the CAP where
deemed necessary.
The Obiectives statement contains
the following inforination:
(1).The relationship of the CAP to
existing inspection programs and
“目的”声明包含以下信息：(1)CAP与现有
the manufacturer’s objectives for
检查项目的关系以及制造商对CAP的目标。
the CAP.
(2)可选的信息包括（但不限于）选择CAP的
(2).Optional information including 理由——CAP的要求是如何确定的（对服务历
(but not limited to) the rationale
史、测试和分析的讨论）
utilized to select CAPs - how the
CAP requirements were determined
(discussions of service history,
tests and analyses)

For the CAP to be successful on a

continuing basis, it is essential
that a free flow of information
exist between the operator, FAA
and ABC Aircraft Company. The
significant details of inspection
为使CAP持续有效，运营人、FAA和ABC飞机公
results, repairs and modifications 司之间应充分沟通。飞机所接受检查的结果
accomplished must be communicated
、维修和改装的重要细节必须传达给ABC公司
to ABC Aircraft Company in order
to assess the effectiveness of the ，以评估推荐的检查程序和检查间隔的有效
性。当数据表明疲劳问题开始发生的时间远
recommended inspection procedures 远高于最初预测的时间，则可以延长检查频
and time intervals. In some
cases, extension of inspection 率。
frequencies may be possible if the
data suggests that the onset of
fatigue problems occurs at a
greater number of flight hours
than initially predicted.
A Safety and Operational Tips
section may be incorporated in the
Pilot's Operating Handbook. It may
contain:
(a) Safety information of a
general nature, such as:
《飞行员操作手册》可编排“安全和操作提
1. kinds of information and rules 示”相关内容。该部分可包含：
to be found in FAA publications;
(a)通用的安全信息，如：
2. how to conduct various airplane
1.FAA文件中包含的相关信息和规则；
inspections; 2.如何对飞机进行各种检查；
3.medical problems and information
3.医疗问题和信息（眩晕、缺氧、疲劳、缺
(vertigo, hypoxia, fatigue,
氧影响等）；和
affects of scuba diving, etc.); 4.任何其他可增强飞机安全使用的信息。
and
5.儿童约束系统：
4.any other information that would
儿童应使用安装有经批准的儿童约束系统的
enhance the safe use of the
airplane. 座椅。
儿童不应被抱着或与他人共用安全带。
5.Child restraint systems:
A small child should use an
approved child restraint seat.
The child should not be held or
share a seat belt with another
person.

Systems consisting of several

components, such as ice protection
systems, may have Supplements for
each component, such as propeller
boots, wing and empennage boots,
or heated airspeed static source,
if the equipment is FAA Approved
by component and marketed
individually.
系统由多个部件组成时，如防冰系统由螺旋
桨除冰带、机翼和尾翼除冰带或加热的空速
静压口等组成，因为各项设备均须获得FAA批
准并单独销售，所以可以为此类各个部件提
供“补充程序”。

Wires and wire bundles must be

supported by clamps or plastic
cable straps. Clamps and other
primary support devices must be
constructed of materials that are
导线和导线束必须由卡箍或塑料钢缆扎带固
compatible with their installation
定。卡箍和其他主要支撑装置必须采用与其
and environment, in terms of
安装和环境兼容的材料，包括温度、是否暴
temperature, exposure to 露于紫外线和导线线束机械负载等方面。它
ultraviolet (UV) light, and wire
们应该间隔不超过24英寸。应该选择适合的
bundle mechanical loads. They
should be spaced at intervals not 卡箍，以便紧密贴合而不夹住导线。
exceeding 24 inches. Clamps on
wire bundles should be selected so
that they have a snug fit without
pinching wires.
The drain and vent system consists
of lines collecting and carrying
waste fluids and vapor overboard
from the engine and nacelle
放泄系统由管路组成，管路收集来自发动机
accessories. Drains are provided
和短舱的废液和水汽，并把它们排向机外。
to carry fluids from any point
where lines and accessories may 放泄管出现在可能泄漏的管路、附件的任何
点上，也可能出现在油液会聚集于某一个腔
leak and where fluids may
的地方。来自于前后腔、滑油-燃油换热器、
accumulate in a cavity. Fluid
from forward and aft sumps, oil- 可调放气活门、可调静子叶片的油液也会通
过这些放泄管排到外面。有些放泄管还有通
fuel heat exchanger, VBV, and VSV
风口的作用，它们会把发动机和附件内的空
are discharged overboard through
drains. In addition, some drain 气和水气带到外面。
lines serve as vents to carry air
and vapor from the engine and
accessory cavities.

A turn coordinator senses and

indicates the rate of both roll
and yaw. The rotor of the gyro in
转弯协调器感知并指示横滚和偏航的速度。
a turn coordinator is canted 转弯协调器中陀螺的转子向上倾斜30°。此
upwards 30°. As such, it responds 时，它不仅响应纵轴上的运动，而且响应立
not only to movement about the
轴上的滚动运动。
vertical axis, but also to roll
movements about the longitudinal
axis.

Many altimeters contain linkages

that rotate a numerical counter in
addition to moving pointers around
the dial. A quick reference window 许多高度表都包含了连接机构，它们不仅可
allows the pilot to simply read 以使指针在游标上移动，还可以旋转数字计
the numerical altitude in feet. 算器。快速参考窗口使飞行员可以简单地读
The motion of the rotating digits 取以英尺为单位的数字高度。在快速爬升或
or drum-type counter during rapid 下降时旋转数字或滚筒式计算器的运动使数
climb or descent makes it 字难以阅读或无法阅读。此时可以用经典的
difficult or impossible to read 时钟式表做基准。
the numbers. Reference can then be
directed to the classic clock-
style indication.

Dissimilar metal corrosion refers

to the corrosion that occurs when
two or more different metals are
in contact with each other in the 异种金属腐蚀是指当两种或以上的不同金属
presence of an electrolyte . In 在电解质下相互接触时发生的腐蚀现象。在
this situation, an electrochemical 这种情况下，金属之间会形成电化学反应，
reaction is set up between the 导致其中一种金属比其自身单独存在时更快
metals, which causes one of the 地被腐蚀。
metals to corrode more quickly
than it would have done on its
own.
Functional Test: That procedure
required to ascertain that a
system or unit is functioning in
all aspects in accordance with
minimum acceptable system or unit
“功能测试：该过程旨在确定系统或组件按
design specifications . These
tests may require supplemental 照最低可接受设计标准在所有方面的功能。
这些测试可能需要补充地面支持设备，并且
ground support equipment and
应该比飞行测试更具体和详细。它应该包含
should be more specific and
detailed than an operational test. 所有熟练检查所必要的信息，以维持系统或
组件在可接受水平上的可靠性，无需参考其
It should contain all necessary
他文件。
information to perform proficiency
test to maintain system or unit
reliability at an acceptable level
,without reference to additional
documents.

There are three types of placards

and markings. A. Safety Data:
These placards and markings are
used for the flight crew, and
passenger cabins, and for
有三种标牌和标记：A.安全数据：这些标牌
equipment safety. They include
WARNINGS and CAUTIONS. B. 和标记是用于飞行机组、客舱的，也用于设
备安全。它们包括警告和注意事项。B.维护
Maintenance Data: These are 数据：这些是维修和保养说明。C.按当地的
servicing and maintenance
instructions. C. By Local 法规：飞机必须有这些标牌和标记。当C这类
标牌出现在第11章中时它们会被标识为(1)。
Regulation: The aircraft must have
these placards and markings. When
these types of placards are shown
in Chapter 11, they are identified
by (1).

Distribution of air conditioning

system is used to
induct and distribute air.
空调的分配系统用来引导和分配空气。包括
Includes equipment rack cooling
设备架的冷却系统和送风机、进气口（飞机
systems and items such as blowers,
scoops, ducting, inlets, check 内部）、管路、进气口（飞机外部）、单向
活门等部件。不包括在温度和压力控制部分
valves, etc. Does not include 的活门。
valves which are part of
pressurization and temperature
control.

Circle-to-land maneuver is the

maneuver made by the pilot to
align the aircraft with the
landing runway when a linear 盘旋着陆机动指当不能或不需直线仪表进近
instrument approach is not 时飞行员为使飞机对准着陆跑道所做的机动
possible or required. At tower 动作。在塔台管制机场，必须得到空中交通
control airports, air traffic 管制许可，并且建立了机场目视参照后才能
control clearance must be obtained 做此机动。
and a visual reference of the
airport must be established before
such maneuvers can be performed.
Polyurethane is used for producing
the fuselage, wing tips, and other
curved parts of small aircraft; 聚氨酯被用于生产小型飞机的机身、机翼尖
relatively inexpensive, fuel 和其他曲面部件；相对便宜，抗燃油，与大
resistant, and compatible with 多数胶粘剂兼容；不要使用热线切割聚氨酯
most adhesives; do not use a hot 泡沫；使用大型刀具和打磨设备可很容易地
wire to cut polyurethane foam; 塑形。
easily contoured with a large
knife and sanding equipment.

The yaw damper works by sensing

any yaw motion and then applying
corrective inputs to the
aircraft's rudder to reduce or
eliminate any unwanted yawing. It
is particularly useful in 偏航阻尼器通过感受偏航动作然后将正确的
minimizing the effects of 信号输给方向舵来减轻和消除不希望出现的
turbulence or other external 偏航。它在减少尾流和其他外部干扰的影响
disturbances that can cause yawing 中很有用，气流和外部干扰使飞机难以操控
and make the aircraft harder to 。偏航阻尼器也是一个改进飞机稳定性和操
control. The yaw damper is an 作性的重要安全特征尤其是在起飞和着陆等
important safety feature that 关键阶段。
helps to improve the overall
stability and control of the
aircraft, especially during
critical phases of flight such as
takeoff and landing.

The cooled air from the air cycle

machine can no longer hold the
quantity of water it could when it
was warm. A water separator is 从空气循环机出来的冷却空气与其没被冷却
used to remove the water from the
时比不再能承载那么多的水。水分离器被用
saturated air before it is sent to 来把水从饱和的空气中除掉，然后空气再进
the aircraft cabin. Foggy air from
入座舱。来自于空气循环机的水雾装的空气
the ACM condenses and coalesces
在水分离器中凝结成大水滴。水在水分离器
the mist into larger water drops 中越来越多然后排出空气循环机，而干燥的
in the water separator. The water
collects on the sides of the 空气继续向后流。
separator and drains down and out
of the unit, while the dry air
passes through.
Deactivation/Reactivation
procedures for circuits, systems,
units, etc., shall be included.
This is important because during
maintenance, certain components 停用/重新启用电路、系统、组件等的程序应
may need to be deactivated for 包括在内。这是因为在维护过程中，由于安
safety reasons or to prevent 全原因或为防止对飞机或设备造成损坏，某
damage to the aircraft or 些部件可能需要停用。同样重要的是，一旦
equipment. It is also important to 维护完成，需要有重新启用这些部件的说明
have instructions for reactivating ，以确保它们正常运行，不会对飞机或机上
these components once maintenance 设备的安全构成风险。
is complete to ensure that they
are functioning properly and do
not pose a risk to the safety of
the aircraft or its occupants.

The adjustment/test description

shall provide instructions for
accomplishment of a test or check
to assure the integrity as an
operational component of a system,
subsystem or unit assembly. Such 在调试/测试的描述中应提供完成测试或检查
tests or checks will vary in 的说明，以确保作为一个系统、子系统组件
complexity and stringency 、工作部件的完整性。这样的测试或检查将
according to the conditions under 根据部件运行的条件而在复杂度和严格度上
which the unit functions. It is 有所不同。如果更换的部件使系统重新启动
not intended that a complex 并在“是/否"规范的限制范围内运行，就不
functional test of a complete 需要进行完整系统的复杂功能测试和更严格
system and its attendant closer 的容限测试。
tolerances be performed if the
unit replaced reactiviates the
system and operates within the
confines of a go-no-go
specification .

Under the title "Emergency" in

Chapter 25 are those items of
equipment carried for use in
emergency procedures. Includes
items such as evacuation 25章”应急设备“标题写的是应急程序中要
equipment, life rafts and jackets, 求携带的设备。如果疏散设备、救生筏和救
first aid kit, landing and signal 生艇、急救箱、着陆照明灯和信号灯、疏散
flares, evacuation signaling 信号系统等物品是制造商指定的标准设备，
systems, etc., 则它们属于这类设备。但灭火器、氧气设备
if furnished as manufacturer- 或氧气面罩不属于应急设备。
designated standard equipment.
Does not include fire
extinguishers, oxygen equipment or
masks.
Chapter 26 is entitled "Fire
Protection", and is about those
fixed and portable units and
26章题目是防火系统，写的是固定和便携式
components which detect and 的用来探测和指示飞机内的火焰或烟雾，存
indicate fire or smoke, and store
储和向所有受保护区域分配灭火剂的装置和
and distribute fire extinguishing
部件。如果灭火瓶、活门、管子等属于制造
agent to all protected areas of
the aircraft, including bottle, 商指定的标准设备，则它们也包含在这章中
。
valves, tubing, etc., if furnished
as manufacturer designated
standard equipment.

Tank and reservoir capacities in

U.S., imperial and metric measure,
shall be included. ANA or other
standard specification number and
grade (if applicable) of fuel,
oil, fluid, and other material
used shall be given.
Specifications and grades shall be
shown grouped on one page to
facilitate revisions. For fuel,
given expansion volume, total fuel
capacity, sump capacity, net fuel
capacity (as applicable). For oil,
given allowance for expansion.
必须列出储液箱的容量，包括美制、英制和
公制单位。必须提供燃油、滑油、液压油和
其他材料使用的ANA或其他标准规范号和等级
（如果适用）。为了便于修改，规格和等级
应显示在一页上。对于燃油，应给出膨胀体
积、总燃油容量、油箱容积和净燃料容量（
如适用）。对于滑油，应考虑到膨胀的余地
。

Flight Controls System refers to

those units and components which
furnish a means of manually
controlling the flight attitude 飞行控制系统指能够实现手动操纵飞机飞行
characteristics of the aircraft, 姿态特性的部件和组件，包括液压增压系统
including items such as hydraulic 、方向舵脚踏板、驾驶杆、控制钢索、调整
boost system, rudder pedals, 片控制装置、安装支架等。
control column linkages, control
cables, tab controls, mounting
brackets, etc.

Those units and components which

furnish a means of supporting and
steering the aircraft on the
ground or water, and make it 那些能在地面或水上操控飞机，并能在飞行
possible to retract and store the 中伸出起落架的装置和部件。包括刹车，车
landing gear in flight. Includes 轮，浮子，门，减震支柱，轮胎，连杆，位
brakes, wheels, floats, doors, 置指示和警告系统。
shock struts, tires, linkages,
position indicating and warning
systems.
This handbook includes the
material required to be furnished
to the pilot by the federal
本手册包含提供给飞行员的《联邦航空条例
aviation regulations and
》和制造商提供的额外信息，并构成联邦航
additional information provided by 空局批准的飞机飞行手册。
the manufacturer and constitutes
the FAA approved airplane flight
manual.

Pilots Operating Handbooks are

appropriate on airplanes having a 《飞行员操作手册》是FAR第23部规章的审定
certification basis of FAR 23 要求，通勤类飞机除外。
except Commuter Category.

Wing and power loading is based on

the Maximum Takeoff Weight and the 机翼和发动机载荷取决于最大起飞重量和额
Takeoff Horsepower Rating and the 定起飞马力以及机翼面积。
Wing Area.

Airplane certification conditions

include one engine becoming
inoperative and windmilling (or,
in airplanes with autofeathering
devices, feathered), not more than
a 5° bank toward the operative
engine, takeoff power on the
operative engine, landing gear up,
flaps in the takeoff position, and
the most critical C.G.
飞机审定条件包括：一台发动机不工作并处
于风车状态（或对于安装自动顺桨装置的飞
机，已顺桨），朝向工作发动机一侧倾斜不
超过5度，工作发动机处于起飞功率，起落架
收上，襟翼在起飞位置，以及最临界重心位
置。

Pressure Altitude refers to

altitude measured from standard
sea level pressure (29.92 in. hg.)
by a pressure or barometric 气压高度指从标准大气压(29.92英寸高度)测
altimeter. It is the indicated 量得到的值。由压力或气压高度计测得。它
pressure altitude corrected for 是排除位置和仪表误差的指示压力值。在本
position and instrument error. In 手册中，假定高度计仪器误差为零。
this Handbook, altimeter
instrument errors are assumed to
be zero.

The exhaust gas temperature

indicator, on piston engine
powered airplanes, is the 在涡轮发动机驱动的飞机上，排气温度指示
器是用来识别各种功率设置下的富油流量混
instrument used to identify the
lean fuel flow mixtures for 合气的仪器。
various power settings.

Turbine engine tachometers usually

measure speed as a percentage of 涡轮发动机转速表通常用涡轮最大速度的百
the maximum speed of the
分比来测量速度，特别是螺旋桨。
turbine(s), unless specifically
referred to the propeller.
Propeller Governor is the device
that regulates the rpm of the
“螺旋桨调速器”是利用螺旋桨轮毂内变距
engine/propeller by increasing or
机构，通过增大或减小螺旋桨桨距来调节发
decreasing the propeller pitch, 动机或螺旋桨转速的装置。
through a pitch change mechanism
in the propeller hub.

Route segment is a part of a

route, each end of which is
identified by: a geographical 航段是航线的一部分，它的两端可以是一个
location; or a point at which a 地理位置或一个无线电定位点。
definite radio fix can be
established.

This Section of the Pilot's

Operating Handbook shall contain
这部分的《飞行员操作手册》包含由条例要
only those limitations required by 求的或者针对飞机安全操作必要的限制因素
regulation or necessary for safe
，而这些限制因素未必得到管理部门的认可
operation of the airplane and
。
approved by the regulatory
authority.

When the airplane manufacturer

selects a “maximum continuous
power” less than the rated
"maximum continuous power” listed 当飞机制造商选定的最大持续功率大于发动
in the Engine Type Data Sheet, the 机型号数据单上的额定最大持续功率的时候
maximum continuous power listed in ，飞机型号数据单内列出来的最大持续功率
the Airplane Type Data Sheet is 表明是遵循了相应适航标准，同时这个数值
used to show compliance with the 也会呈现在《飞行员操作手册》中。
applicable airworthiness standards
and is the value shown in the
Pilot's Operating Handbook.

Limits on any Airplane systems or

equipment shall be provided. For
example, limits may be necessary
in connection with electrothermal 限制提供飞机系统或设备的提供，例如，限
elements used in ice protection 制防冰系统的加热元件或电池温度。
systems, or in battery
temperatures.

Procedures for handling

malfunctions or other
abnormalities that are not of 不属于紧急情况，或涉及可推迟的潜在紧急
emergency nature, or involve a 情况的故障或其他异常情况的处理程序，可
potential emergency that may be 以包括在本节或可选的第3节A“异常程序”
deferred, may be included in this 中。
Section or in optional Section 3A,
Abnormal Procedures.
Required and recommended airspeeds
(and the configuration of the
airplane for which the airspeeds
能够在紧急情况下改善操作安全性的要求和
apply) deemed likely to enhance
所推荐的空速(以及适用该空速的飞机配置)
safety of operation during an
emergency shall be listed at the 可被列在本节开头或列在《应急程序检查单
》中。
beginning of this Section or in
the Emergency Procedures Check
List.

An example of a deferred emergency

is a landing gear that does not
延迟紧急情况的一个例子就是一个起落架对
respond properly to normal gear
正常的起落架开关不响应，而动力装置或其
switch actions when there are no 它系统不存在其它故障。
other malfunctions in the
powerplant or other systems.

An "emergency", however, almost

always involves a failure that
“紧急情况”却几乎总是出现某个故障需要
requires immediate and rapid
立即处理，例如全部动力装置故障、火灾或
response, such as a total
powerplant failure, fire or smoke, 烟雾或客舱快速释压。
or rapid cabin decompression.

If an obscure abbreviation must

be used because of space 如果由于空间限制必须使用晦涩的写法，则
limitations, it shall be
应在图像空白区域用引号标识并解释清楚。
asterisked and spelled out in an
unused portion of the image area.

The schematic diagram should tend

to deal with an overall system
rather than with subsystems, e.g., 原理图应倾向于处理整个系统，而不是附属
系统。例如，空调系统，而不是空调系统内
the air conditioning system rather 的压缩机。
than a compressor within the air
conditioning system.

That portion of the systems which

controls the position and movement
of the rudder and rudder tabs. 控制方向舵和方向舵襟翼位置和移动的系统
Includes items such as the rudder 部分。包括诸如方向舵踏板、襟翼控制轮、
pedals, tab control wheel, cables, 钢丝绳、减压器、链接件、控制面、位置指
boosters, linkages, control 示器等相关部件（视具体情况而定）。
surfaces, position indicators,
etc., as applicable.

That portion of the systems

includes items such as control
handles, cables, actuators, 这一系统部分包括控制手柄、钢索、作动筒
warning systems, linkages, control 、告警系统、连接装置、操纵面、位置指示
surfaces, position indicators, 器等部件。
etc.
Fuel system also includes integral
and tip fuel tank leak detection
and sealing. Does not include the 燃油系统部分还包括整体和顶油箱泄露检测
structure of integral or tip fuel 及密封作用。不包括的整体或顶尖油箱及燃
tanks and the fuel cell backing 料电池衬板的结构，也不包括燃料流速传感
boards, and does not include fuel 、传输和/或指示。
flow rate sensing, transmitting
and/or indicating.

Hydraulic systems include the

units and components which furnish
hydraulic fluid under pressure 液压系统包括将一定压力（包括泵、压力调
(includes pumps, regulators, 节器、管路、阀门）的液压油输送到一个汇
lines, valves, etc.) to a common 聚点（总管），再分配到用户系统的部件和
point (manifold) for 组件。
redistribution to other defined
systems.

The portion of the system which is

used to store and deliver
hydraulic fluid to using systems.
Includes items such as tanks,
accumulators, valves, pumps,
levers, switches, cables,
plumbing, external connectors,
etc. Does not include the supply
valves to the using systems.
用于把液压油储存到一定量后运送于系统中
使用的部分。包括很多部件，比如：油箱、
储存器、阀门、油泵、杠杆、电门、电缆、
铺设管路、外部连接器等。不包括将阀门提
供给使用中的系统。

The portion of the system is used

to indicate the quantity,
temperature and pressure of the 系统的这个部分用来显示数量、温度和液压
油的压力，包括的项目有传输机、指示器和
hydraulic fluid, including items 告警系统等。
such as transmitters, indicators,
warning systems, etc.

The units and components are used

for recording data not related to
specific systems, including items 用来记录与具体系统没有关系的数据的单位
和组件。包括组件：飞行记录仪、表现或保
such as flight recorders, 持记录仪等。
performance or maintenance
recorders, etc.

That portion of the system which

is used to extend and retract the
landing gear and open and close
the landing gear doors. Includes 系统中用于放出和收上起落架、打开和关闭
起落架门的部分，包括作动机构、轮架配平
items such as actuating
装置、弹簧筒、上下门闩、操作控制装置、
mechanisms, bogie trim, bungees,
活门和马达、钢索、管道等。
up and down latches, operating
controls, valves and motors,
cables, plumbing, etc.

The lighting subsystems used to

provide illumination outside of 用于在飞机外部提供照明的照明子系统。包
the aircraft, including lights
括着陆灯、导航灯、位置指示灯、机翼照明
such as landing, navigation,
position indicating, wing 灯、旋转灯、航行灯。
illumination, rotating, taxi, etc.
Flight Environmental Data & Pitot
Static section includes items such
as pitot, static, air temperature, 飞行环境数据和皮托静压系统包括皮托管、
rate-of-climb, airspeed, high 静电管、气温、爬升速度、空速、高速警告
speed warning, altitude, altitude 、高度、高度报告、高度计校正系统等。
reporting, altimeter correction
system, etc.

Attitude & Direction section

includes items such as gyro
horizons, directional gyros, 姿态指引仪部分包括陀螺地平仪、方向陀螺
magnetic compasses, and magnetic 仪、磁罗盘、磁航向系统、转弯悬停仪、放
heading systems, turn and bank, 大器、伺服系统和飞行指引仪等。
amplifiers, servos, and flight
director, etc.

Independent Position Determining

includes items such as inertial
guidance systems, weather radar, 自主式定位包括惯性制导系统、天气雷达、
doppler, proximity warning, 多普勒、接近预警、避撞、星体跟踪器等部
collision avoidance, star tracker, 分，以及六分仪/八分仪等。
etc. Also includes
sextants/octants, etc.

Position Computing refers to that

portion of the system which
combines navigational information 位置计算是指系统中结合航行信息来计算飞
to compute the aircraft's 机地理位置的部分，包括航向计算机等部件
geographical location, including 。
items such as course computers,
etc.

Vacuum subsystems are those units

and components used to generate,
deliver and regulate below 真空子系统是指用于产生、输送和调节高于
atmospheric pressure air, 大气压的空气的装置和部件，包括泵、调节
including pumps, regulators, 器、管线等，该子系统还包括歧管。
lines, etc., through and including
the manifold.

Airborne Auxiliary Power are those

airborne power plants (engines)
which are installed on the “机载辅助动力”是指安装在飞机上的机载
aircraft for the purpose of 动力装置（发动机），其目的是用于产生和
generating and supplying a single 提供单一类型的辅助电力、气压、气动或其
type or combination of auxiliary 他动力。
electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or
other power.
Doors refer to those removable
units used for entrance or exit,
and for enclosing other structure 门指用于进、出以及用于封闭机身内包含的
contained within the fuselage, 其他结构的可拆卸组件。包括乘客和机组舱
including passenger and crew 门、货舱门、紧急出口等，以及如恰当，还
doors, cargo doors, emergence 包括电气和液压系统中与门控制相关的部件
exits, etc. Electrical and 。
hydraulic systems associated with
door control are included as
appropriate.

The engine power control system

furnishes a means of controlling
发动机功率控制系统可以控制主燃油控制器
the main fuel control or 或调节器，包括涡轮螺旋桨发动机上螺旋桨
coordinator, which includes
调速器的控制装置。
controls to the propeller
regulator on turbo-prop engines.

The anti-icing system of the

engine eliminates and prevents ice
formation by bleed air in all 发动机防冰系统能消除和防止因引气产生的
parts of the engine (excluding 发动机部件结冰（不包括整流罩），包含活
power cowling), and is inclusive 门、管路、调节器等零件。
of several components such as
valves, plumbing, regulators, etc.

The turbine engines include

compressor bleed systems used to
control flow of air through the 涡轮发动机包括用于控制通过发动机空气流
engine, cooling air systems, 量的压缩机排气系统，用于发动机除冰的冷
heated air systems for engine 却空气系统，以及发动机启动系统。
anti-icing, and engine starting
systems.

The engine compressor control

system is used to both control the
flow of air through the engine and
发动机压缩机控制系统包括调速器、活门、
facilitate the operation of
variable stator blades, and is 作动器、杠杆等装置，可控制发动机里的空
气流量和加速可变定子叶片的运行。
comprised of several components
such as governors, valves,
actuators, and linkages.

Those units and components are

used to distribute oil throughout
the engine, including front and 这些组件和部件用于在整个发动机内分配滑
rear pressure and scavenger pumps, 油，包括前后增压和回油泵、油槽、油滤、
sumps, strainers, valves, etc. 阀门等，还包括第79章中未涵盖的管路。
Also includes those oil lines not
included in Chapter 79.
For turbine engines, those units
and components and associated
mechanical systems or electrical
circuits which furnish or control 对于涡轮发动机，这些单元不能在主燃料快
fuel to the engine beyond the main 速断开前后为发动机提供或控制燃料的装置
fuel quick disconnect; and thrust 、部件和相关的机械系统或电路；以及推力
augmentor, fuel flow rate sensing, 调节器、燃料流量传感、传输和指示单元。
transmitting and/or indicating
units whether the units are before
or beyond the quick disconnect.

Engine fuel systems include

coordinator or equivalent, engine
driven fuel pump and filter
assembly, main and thrust 发动机燃油系统包括协调器或与其不同作用
augmentor fuel controls, 的装置、发动机泵和滤清器总成、主和推力
electronic temperature datum 增强器、燃油控制装置、电子温度基准控制
control, temperature datum valve, 装置、温度基准阀、燃油歧管、燃油喷嘴、
fuel manifold, fuel nozzles, fuel 燃油浓缩系统、转速传感开关、继动箱总成
enrichment system, speed sensitive 、电磁滴水阀、燃烧器排水阀等。
switch, relay box assembly,
solenoid drip valve, burner drain
valve, etc.

For reciprocating engines, those

units and components which deliver
metered fuel and air to the
对于活塞式发动机，向发动机输送计量燃油
engine. The fuel portion includes 和空气的装置和部件。燃油部分包括化油器
the carburetor, master control
from the inlet side to the 、从进气侧到排气喷口的主控、喷油泵、化
油器、喷油嘴和启动喷油装置。
discharge nozzle(s), injection
pumps, carburetor, injection
nozzles and fuel primer.

That portion of the system from

the main quick disconnect to the
engine, which distributes fuel to
从主快速断开装置到发动机的系统部分，能
the engine burner section and the
够将燃油分配到发动机燃烧室和加力燃烧室
thrust augmentor. Includes items
such as plumbing, pumps, 。该部分包括管路、泵、温度调节器、阀门
、油滤、总管、喷嘴等。不包括主燃烧室或
temperature regulators, valves, 加力燃烧室控制装置。
filters, manifold, nozzles, etc.
Does not include the main or
thrust augmentor fuel control.

Those units and components are

used to generate, control,
distribute electrical current to 这些组件和部件产生、控制、分配和点燃部
ignite the fuel air mixture in the 件的燃料气缸，为活塞式发动机或涡轮发动
cylinders of reciprocating engines 机的燃烧室或推力增强器中的空气混合物提
or in the combustion chambers or 供电流。
thrust augmentors of turbine
engines.
Collector/ Nozzle includes items
such as collector rings, exhaust
集气器/喷嘴环包含集气环、排气管道和加力
and thrust augmentor ducts,
燃烧室管道、可调喷嘴、作动筒、管路、连
variable nozzles, actuators, 接装置、位置指示器、告警系统等。
plumbing, linkages, position
indicators, warning systems, etc.

Propeller system includes the

complete mechanical or electrical
propeller, pumps, motors, 螺旋桨系统包括完整的机械或电气驱动螺旋
governor, alternators, and those 桨、泵、马达、调速器、交流发电机，以及
units and components external to 用于控制桨叶角的发动机外部或与发动机一
or integral with the engine used 体的组件和部件。
to control the propeller blade
angel.

This section in the maintenance

manual shall cover subjects such
as engine changes, run-up, 维护手册中的这一部分内容涵盖发动机更换
externally-mounted spare power 、试车、内部安装的动力装置零件等主题，
plants, etc., while in the 而在大修手册中，将涵盖动力装置的安装、
overhaul manual, it shall cover 拆卸等主题。
subjects such as power plant
build-up, teardown, etc.

Engine mounts refer to the

framework, either of build-up 发动机支架用于支撑发动机，固定机舱或塔
construction or forgings, which 架上的框架，要么是组装式结构，要么是锻
support the engine and attach it 造件。
to the nacelle or pylon.

The control section controls the

pitch of the propeller blades, but 控制部分控制螺旋桨叶片俯仰，但不包括任
does not include any parts which
何与螺旋桨组件一起旋转的部件。
rotate with the propeller
assembly.

Engine system includes the

components and units used to
control and direct the flow of 发动机系统包含元件和部件用于控制和改变
lubrication through the engine 润滑剂在发动机入口和出口的流动。
from the inlet fitting to the
outlet fitting.

The air inlet section through

which the air enters the
compressor section includes items 进气道指空气进入压气机前所经过的部分，
包括导向叶片、罩环和机匣。
such as guide vanes, shrouds and
cases.

The minimum jack closed height

must be less than the distance
between the fitting and the ground 当飞机离地时，最小的千斤顶的高度必须小
于接头和地面之间的距离。
when the aircraft is on its
wheels.
Airbus recommends that you use
jacks and a safety stay with a
空客建议，使用千斤顶和辅助千斤顶时，其
capacity of more than the maximum
load that is permitted at the 负载能力应大于顶块允许的最大载荷。
fittings.

This Section shall describe the

airplane in a manner considered by
the manufacturer to be most 根据制造商的意见，本章节描述飞机时提供
了最有用的信息给最有可能驾驶飞机的飞行
informative to the kind of pilot
员。
considered most likely to operate
the airplane.

A certificated pilot who owns or

operates an airplane not used as
根据FAR 43部的要求，持证飞行员可以拥有
an air carrier is authorized by 或驾驶载客飞机，并可以对其飞机实施限制
FAR Part 43 to perform limited
范围内的预防维护。
preventive maintenance on his
airplane.

The airplane general arrangement

shall be illustrated with a scale 应使用比例尺图对飞机的总体布局进行说明
line drawing consisting of plan, ，该比例尺图由平面图、侧视图和正面视图
side and front views presented in 组成，并在单页上以垂直顺序展示。
a vertical sequence upon a single
page.

This method is recommended as

minimizing errors of distribution, 为了减少分配误差，推荐使用该方法，同时
and also informs owners of the
availability of systems and 将系统和设备的功能特性告知所有者。
equipment.

Revisions, additions and deletions

shall be identified by a vertical 用黑色字体在页面外侧对改版、补充和删除
black line along the outside of
进行说明，对应于已经更改的部分打印内容
the page opposite only that
portion of the printed matter that 。
was changed.

These ALIs are mandatory and

cannot be changed or deleted
这些ALIs 是强制性的，未经负责飞机型号证
without the approval of the FAA
office that is responsible for the 书的FAA
办公室或适用的监管机构的批准，
airplane model Type Certificate, 不能更改或删除。
or applicable regulatory agency.

The backside of the title page

should be left blank to avoid the 标题页的背面应留白，以避免版本更新以及
need for revision and potential
loss of the inserted airplane 插入的飞机生产线号和注册号丢失的情况。
serial and registration numbers.

Format and layout is to be

determined by the CAP producer,
recognizing that it is desirable 格式和布局应由CAP编写者决定，且应与CAP
that the format and layout be 编写者现有文件的格式和布局相似。
similar to the producer's existing
documents.
Warnings and cautions shall
precede the text to which each 警告和注意事项中的文字将标为粗体，而注
applies, but notes may precede or 释可以在适用的文本之后，取决于要重点突
follow applicable text depending 出的材料。
on the material to be highlighted.

If contamination causes a blockage

of more than 50 percent of the 如果超过50%的污染物造成孔堵塞，则要清理
holes, then clean the holes on the 显示组件背面的孔。
rear of the display units.

This information shall be

presented along with information
to aid recognition of icing 当结冰情况超过飞机及其防冰系统的认证能
conditions which may exceed the 力时，此信息应结合其他信息一起用于判断
certified capabilities of the 结冰情况。
aircraft and its ice protection
system.

This information should be

included in vendor publications
where applicable and included in 如适用，该信息应包含在供应商出版物中。
the aircraft maintenance manual 如果供应商数据已并入为飞机手册的一部分
where vendor data has been ，则该信息同时包含在飞机维修手册中。
integrated as part of the aircraft
manual.

Some airplanes, particularly

relatively simple airplanes, may
not need CAPs because adequate 一些飞机，尤其是相对简单的飞机，可以不
information to maintain their 需要CAP，因为飞机维修手册中包含了足够的
continuing airworthiness 信息，可以确保飞机在整个使用寿命中保持
throughout their useful lives is 持续适航。
contained in the airplane's
maintenance manual.

All of the cracked lugs had two

flanged bushings installed in the 按照服务公告2243，所有开裂的接耳都有两
lug hole per Service Bulletin 2243
个凸缘衬套安装在接耳孔中，或者在生产时
or in production to eliminate an
解决直衬套与安定面配合U型槽失配的早期问
earlier problem of migration of
题。
straight sleeve bushings into the
mating clevises of the stabilizer.

Do the troubleshooting procedure to

执行排故程序来找到故障原因。
find the cause of the malfunction.

确保紧固件头部与蒙皮齐平。 Make sure that the bolt heads are

attached to the skin.

修订日期应显示在每一修订页上。 The data of the revision shall be shown

on each printed page.

最大着陆重量是着陆触地所批准的最大 Maximum
Landing Weight is maximum
重量。 weight supplied for the landing
contact.
 Mach digit is the percent of true
马赫数是真空速与音速的比值。
airspeed to the speed of sound.

对于动词或者形容词，只使用经批准的 Use only the approved forms of verbs

形式。 and adjectives.

你可以使用除了分号之外的所有标准英 You can use all standard English

语的标点符号。 parentheses except the colon.

This system is used to assist or avoid

此系统用于消除或防止天线或雷达罩上
the formation of ice on masts and
冰的形成。
fairings.

失速恢复期间最大高度损失约800英尺 Maximum altitude loss during stall

。 recovery is approximately 800 feet.

电磁阀应该包括一个标志，表明阀门是 Solenoid
switches shall indicate
whether the valve is solenoid-loaded to
弹簧加载到开启或关闭位置。
the open or closed positon.

此工作必须依据维护手册中的说明执行 The work must be completed according to

。 the boss instructions.

动力装置仪表标记的说明应紧跟着动力 The sequence of the explanation should

be powerplant instrument markings, then
装置限制的说明。
powerplant limitations.

确保新地板面板的构型和尺寸与已拆下 Make
sure that the material and
dimensions of the new floor panel are
的相同。 the same with the removed one.

The equipment list shall include all

设备清单应包括交付时在特定飞机上安 needed or auxiliary equipment installed
装的所有必须或可选装的设备。 in the particular airplane when
delivered.

A number in the bottom left corner of

显示器左上角的数字表示相关的页面。 the display means a related page.

Do not reach this speed with a given

给定襟翼设置时，不要超过此速度。 flap setting.

如果风速高得危险，请不要打开货仓门 Do not open the entry door if the wind-

。 speed is dangerously high.

It includes items such as audio

它包括音频选择器控制面板、麦克风、 selector control panel, microphones,
耳机、驾驶舱扬声器等。 head­phones, cockpit loud speakers,
etc.
在你移动副翼之前，告诉所有人离开机 Before you move the spoilers, tell all
翼。 persons to get off the wings.

This is the portion of the systems used

这是用来产生、调节、控制和指示交流
to generate, regulate, control, and
电的系统的一部分。
indicate AC electrical power.

Illustrations should be used when they

当插图可以简化、缩短或使文本更容易 will simplify, shorten or make the text
理解时，应使用插图。
easier to understand.

推荐或要求的时寿件的使用时间在页面 Recommending or requiring life limited

components is on the right side of the
右侧适当的位置（空间）。
page in an appropriate margin.

This system does not supersede the

本系统并不会取代不包括在CAP内的项
目的正常通讯渠道。 normal channels of communication for
items not covered by the CAP.

如果你不遵守这些预防措施，你的皮肤 If
you do not obey these precautions,
injury to your skin and lungs can
和肺可能会受伤。
occur.

Rapidly and fully retract Ram Air

缓慢并完全伸出冲压空气涡轮，并确保 Turbine and make sure that it doesn't
它不触碰其他部件。
attach to other parts.

If the filters become clogged, send

如果过滤器发生堵塞，应送去实验室分 them to the laboratory for analysis of
析污染情况。 the contamination.

Use backthrust to change the direction

反推用来改变排气方向以实现反向推力 of the exhaust to achieve contrary
。
thrust.

如果不进行改装，这个组件的使用寿命 If the unit is not modified, its

就有可能比平时短。 service life will be possibly shorter.

Check left engine inboard wing leading

飞机起飞前，检查左发内侧大翼前缘是 edge if have damage and dent before the
否有损伤和凹坑。 aircraft takes off.

供压时，人员和设备要远离所有操纵面 When hydraulic power is supplied, keep

persons and equipment away from all
和起落架。
control surfaces and landing gear.
如果这一步不足以阻止泄漏，更换作动 If this step can not stop the leakage,
器。 remove the actuator.

If you find metal particles in the

如果在泵中发现金属颗粒，找到它们的 reservoir, find their source and repair
来源并修复有缺陷的部分。
the broken part.

如果需要，数据可通过附加特征或特征 The data may be supplemented by brief

descriptions of additional
的简要描述来补充。
characteristics or features if desired.

The form of the climb performance

巡航性能介绍的格式由飞机制造商自行
决定。 presentation is decided by the airplane
manufacturer.

These airworthiness directives provide

这些咨询通告提供了关于制造商和所有 detailed information about continued
者/运营商持续适航要求的具体信息。 airworthiness requirements for the
manufacturer and owner/operator.

驾驶舱语音记录器记录飞行过程中四个 The
cockpit voice recorder records
音频输入的信号。 signals from four audio inputs during
the flight.

Use schematics and drawings to briefly

利用简化的原理图和图纸来解释系统的 explain the operation of the system,
操作方法，包括使用过程中的警告装置 including warning devices and control
和控制特点。
features during use.

站位是指机身沿线距离参考基准面以英 Station shows the height along the

fuselage between the reference datum
寸计的位置。
and the position in inches.

驾驶舱在地板之上，位于前客舱隔板和 The flight deck is located between the

pressure dome and the front passenger
前压力隔框之间。
door, and it is above the floor.

The Preface has been omitted in the

CAP样例的第三部分序言被省略，必要 sample CAP in Section Ill and the
的信息已经包括在目标的描述中。 necessary information has been included
in the Objectives.

When you lift the aircraft on racks,

当用千斤顶顶升飞机时，保持重心在限 keep the center of the aircraft between
制范围内。
these limits.
在钻孔之前，要确保钻头的尖端是锋利 Before drill the hole, make sure that
的。 the point of the drill head is sharp.

During this
在此期间使用经济型功率设置可能会对 period,if you use economy power
发动机的寿命有损害。
settings, the engine may be damaged.

根据43部法规,持证的飞行员有权利执 A pilot with certification authorized

by Part 43 of the regulation can
行有限的预防性维修。
perform limited preventive maintenance.

Briefly describe and explain principle

简述和说明任何新型飞行仪表的工作原
理。 of operation of any new kinds of flight
instruments.

制造商可以建立程序，对于在执行程序 The
manufacturer may set up steps and
feedback the airworthy conditions
时发现的不适航情况提供反馈。
discovered when complying.

The CAP is not intended to change or

CAP的意图并非是更改或替换适用的飞 replace any portion of the applicable
机维修手册或服务信函的任何部分。 Airplane Maintenance Manual or Service
Letters.

对现有的分析进行了核查，以确定可能 In
order to locate lower margins of
safety components and areas, current
表现出较低安全裕度的部件和区域。
records were reviewed.

空速可提高操作安全性，应作为常规程 To improve the safety operations,

序章节的序言。 airspeeds shall be a preface to the
Normal Procedures Section.

如果你在泵中发现金属颗粒，找到它们 If
you find metal particles in the
的来源并修理有缺陷的部件。 pump, find their source and repair the
defective part.

移除螺钉、垫片和螺帽来断开链接到这 Remove the bolt, washer, and nut to

disconnect the bend clamp from the
个结构上的圆箍。
structure.

三台电脑收集数据并且汇集数据链到显 Three
computers collect data and put
示组件。 them together on the data link to the
display unit.
 Basic control and operation information
基本控制和操作信息，描述如何控制飞 describing how the airplane components
机部件及其操作，包括任何特殊程序和 are controlled and how they operate,
适用的限制。 including any special procedures, and
limitations that apply.

In such cases, the introduction should

在这种情况下，简介应注意手册中所涵 notice the systems related in the
盖的系统，制造商也可选择在产品简单 manual，manufacturers may also choose
性允许的情况下对相关系统进行分组 to group related systems where the
simplicity of the product permits.

The System/Chapter, sub-System/Section

and Subject Number, the page number
系统/章节、子系统/段落和主题编号、 and date of issue will disappear
页码和发行日期将显示在左边页面的左 in the lower left-hand corner, on
下角，而修订日期在右下角。 the left-hand pages and the
review date in the lower right-
hand corner.

如果风速超过20英里/小时，不要用千 Do not lift the aircraft on jacks if

斤顶顶起飞机。 the wind speed is more than 20 MPH.

Do not extend or retract landing gear

超过此速度请不要收放起落架。
above this speed.

把车辆挪到你可以使用标准程序的安全 Tow the plane to a safe area where you

区域。 can use the standard process.

如果你决定不更换部件，请监控其温度 If
your decision is not to change the
unit, monitor its temperature at least
至少15个循环。
15 rotations.

不要操作刹车来降低蓄压器中的压力。 Do
not operate the brakes to decrease
the pressure in the accumulators.

The spoilers are similar to the

扰流板和副翼类似，它们也辅助并提供 ailerons in that they are assisting and
飞机滚转操纵。 providing control of the airplane about
the longitudinal axis.

通常称之为“电传操纵系统”。 Normally, it is named “fly by

electrical control system”.

The charged resister acts as a primary

充过电的电容器就像一个辅助电瓶。 battery.
 Hand tools can be divided to four basic
手工工具基本分成四大类：敲击工具、
categories: kicking tools, holding
夹持工具、切割工具、扭转工具。 tools, cutting tools, bending tools.

雷达的用途就是获得、处理和显示图形 The purpose of radar is to obtain,

信息。 process and display image information.

The following components are

建议改装以下部件，其他部件的使用可 recommended for alteration. The swap of
以根据在役经验。 other components can be made on
condition.

Modifications, additions and omissions,

改版、增补和删除的内容，应在页面外
划出一条垂直黑线，与被更改的部分相 a black line should be drawn vertically
at the footer outside of the page
对应。
parallel to the part of the change.

有些环境因素在制造商或运营商的控制 There
are some environmental reasons of
范围内，例如：电池舱的位置。 the manufacturers or operators such as
the location of battery compartments.

This system does not include the usual

这个制度并不取代CAP没有包括的正常 channels of communication available to
沟通渠道。 CAP.

This document lists appropriate

此文件包含了附录G中描述的持续性适 description of Continuous Airworthiness
航的适当说明。
as indicated in Appendix G.

使用特殊曲柄，顺时针旋转卷筒组件轴 Use special crank to rotate shaft of

reel assembly clockwise to unwind the
，以从卷轴上展开线束组件。
harness assembly from the spool.

如果驾驶舱显示有发动机过热警告，不 Do
not fuel the aircraft if the flight
要给飞机加油。 deck displays an engine overhead
warning.

确保飞控舵面的行程范围是无障碍物的 Make sure that the movement limits of

。 the flight control surfaces are free.
 Each wire is comprised by an
每根线由文本和数字组成的编码来识别
alphabetical code following 2 alpha
，由2位字母后跟2位数字构成。 digits and 2 numerical digits.

在燃油加放油的过程中，不允许进行氧 Filling with oxygen is not permitted

气勤务。 during defueling and refueling.

At the manufacturer's option, static

根据制造商的选择，静压系统的描述和
讨论可以结合第7.49段的皮托管压力系 pressure systems description and
discussion may be combined with
统。
Paragraph 7.49, Pitot Pressure Systems.

Some service reports were used to

一些服务报告被用于选择在应用、设计 select items that are similar in
和加载方面类似的项目来做检查。 application design and downloading to
do the check.

It is very difficult to determine the

很难确定腐蚀的影响，但是如果收到持 effects of corrosion but, as the
续适航大纲检查报告，检查时间将根据 reports from the CAP inspections are
任何严重的问题进行调整。 received, the inspection times will be
adjusted for any severe problems.

Copies of the appropriate forms and a

你可以从ABC的经销商或工厂的客户服 description of the entries to be
务代表那里获得适当的表格副本和需要 completed are available to you from an
填写的条目的说明。 ABC dealer or Factory Customer Service
Representative.

For vocabulary, only main alternation

对于词汇表，只有主要的变化被突出显 are highlighted, minor alternations to
示，对各种已批准和未批准的示例的微 many approved and not approved examples
小更改没有突出显示。
are not highlighted.

缓慢地把RAT完全放出，并确保它不接 Slowly
and fully extend the RAT and
make sure that it does not touch other
触其他部件。 parts.

如果划痕没穿透保护层，这个装置是可 If the scratch does not go through the

protective layer, the unit is
使用的。
serviceable.

确保液压油箱内的液压油高于最低液面 Make sure that the oil in the hydraulic

。 tank is above the minimum lever.
修订意味着对现有手册中的信息进行修 A version means modifying the
改。 information in the existing manual.

逆时针转动旋钮，以降低光的强度。 Turn the knob clockwise to decrease the

intensity of the light.

You can not remove the battery. Only an

请勿更换电池。只有经批准的服务提供
approved service provider can replace
商才能更换。
it.

The manufacturer's marks, publication

所有页面上必须有制造商的报头，出版
title, airplane model, and issue or
物标题，飞机型号，发行或修订日期
revision date must shown on all pages.

将所有装有不同金属螺套或有较深盲孔 Dry all metal parts that have different

的金属零件在烤箱中干燥至少一小时， metal inserts or deep blind holes in an
烤箱温度为225到275华氏度(107 to oven at 225 to 275°F (107 to 135°C)
135°C)。 for a minimum of one hour.

Correct punctuation is important

正确的标点符号是很重要的，因为它显 because it shows that the different
示了文本的不同部分是如何相互关联的 parts of the text are reconnected and
，并防止了歧义。
prevents miscomprehension.

The component was damaged badly, the

组件损坏严重，修理费用超过总价的 repairing cost is over 60% of the total
60%，车间建议报废。 price. The workshop suggests reporting
as an unserviceable part.

Ensure the oxygen tubes are completely

确保氧气管是完全清洁的。氧气和滑油 clear. If oxygen is mixed with oil or
或油脂聚在一起会形成爆炸性混合物。 compound together, it will form an
爆炸会造成人员伤亡。 explosives. Explosion can cause damage
to equipment or injury to personnel.

Systems/Chapters that are not

制造商可以省略对该产品不适用的系统 applicable to the product by the
/章节，或者在可行的情况下合并系 manufacturers may be omitted or, where
统/章节。
possible, omitted.
 Detection is that portion of the fire
protection system which is used to
用于感应和指示过热、烟雾或火灾情况
sense and indicate the presence of
的检测系统，如果被制造商指定为标准
overheat, smoke, or fire, if furnished
设备配置，则是消防系统的一部分。
as manufacturer-designated standard
equipment.

The equipment refrigeration system

设备冷却系统通过主设备中心和驾驶舱 exchanges the key equipment cabinets
的设备散热。
and the equipment in the compartment.

Any anomaly should be reported to ABC,

任何异常均应通过情况报告系统向ABC through the Condition Reporting System,
报告，以便在必要时对CAP进行补充 so that additions and/or revisions can
和/或修订。 be made to the CAP where deemed
necessary.

如需更改维修方案，应获得设计部门的 Get the approval of the design

authority,whatever it is necessary to
批准。 change the repair scheme.

当交互供油系统打开时，一个燃油泵可 When the crossfeed system is open, it

is possible for one fuel pump to supply
以向两台发动机供油。 fuel to the two engines.

There are electrically-operated valves

两台发动机泵的吸入管路中有电动阀。 in the ejection lines to the two engine
pumps.

Each door has flexible seals at its

每个门的结构接口处都有柔性密封件， structure interface which protect the
可保护金属接口免受气流的损坏。 metal interfaces from damage by the
airflow.

The aircraft navigation systems provide

飞机导航系统向机组人员提供飞行所需 the flight which is required by the
的数据，并满足最适当的安全要求。 crew,and meet the the most
provisionally safety requirements.

If the filters become clogged after an

如果过滤器在异常短的时间后堵塞，将 unusually short time, send them to the
它们送到实验室进行污染分析。 laboratory for analysis of the
contamination.

The maximum distance between the plate

面板边缘与隔板之间的距离不得大于
edge and the frame is inferior to 0.05
0.05 mm。 mm.
当通风空气温度升至27℃时，排气阀打 When the temperature of vent rises to
开。 27℃, the exhaust pipe opens.

Operate the dimmer switch and make sure

操作调光器电门，确保光强发生变化。 that the intensity of the light
changes.

When the movement of input rod is

当输入杆在5毫米到10毫米之间时，测
量活塞的伸长。 ranged from 5 to 10 mm, measure the
piston retraction.

在高压电环境下工作时，请遵守安全注 Obey the safety precautions when you do

意事项。 work with high voltages.

用软布对表面抛光，直到它变得有光泽 Grind the surface with a soft cloth

。 after it becomes light.

STE句子使用被批准的单词，以不同的 The STE sentence uses approved words to

give the same information clearly in a
方式清楚地给出相同的信息。
different way.

Make sure that the quality of fuel in

确保油箱里的燃油不超过500升。 the reservoir is not more than 500
liters.

如需变更维修方案，须经设计部门批准 If
the repair scheme must be changed,
。 the approval of the design authority is
hardly got.

该规范的目的是为了将通用航空飞机所 The specification is designed to cut

off the cost to general aviation
有者和运营人以及维修人员的成本降到 airplane owners and operators and
最低。
maintenance personnel.

Stringers and the upper wing skin are

纵桁和上翼面蒙皮构成通风通道。通风 called vent channels. The vent channels
通道在中央油箱内有排放浮子活门。 go through drain float valves in the
center tank.

The drain float valves in the vent

当燃油油面低于活门时，通风导管内的 tubes and the vent channels dilute the
排放浮子活门和通风通道使通风系统内 fuel in the vent system to drain out of
的燃油排放到油箱。 the tank when the fuel face is lower
than the valve.

For normal operations, make sure the

正常操作时,确保释压活门关闭。释压 pressure relief valve is closed. An
活门打开表示燃油通气系统出现问题。 open pressure relief valve is a symptom
of a problem in the fuel vent system.
 When there are too many positive or
subtractive pressure in the fuel
当油箱内正压或负压力过大时释压活门
tanks,the pressure relief valve
可防止机翼结构损坏。 eliminates damage to the wing
structure.

The same word “base” can go into

同一词“base",当它在不同的语境中具
different technical name categories
有不同的含义时，可以归为不同的技术
when it is used with different meanings
名称类别。 in different contexts.

If liquid spills in the kitchen, all

如果液体在厨房内溅出，必须立即清除
traces of the liquid must be cleaned
所有液体的痕迹，并使受污染区域完全 promptly and the concerned area must be
干燥。
completely dry.

The rules containing in this

本规范中包含的规则应作为制造商编写 specification shall provide a guide to
的维修手册中所有资料的格式、风格和 the formatting, type and method of all
展示方法的指南。 present documents in the manufacturer's
maintenance manual.

Some jobs or processes consist of

有些工作或流程由几个基本操作组成， several basic operations, with a number
每个操作下面有若干小步骤或工作项。 of minor steps or work items under
each.

Water above the kitchen floor can seep

厨房地板上方的水分可以通过地板表面 in through small holes in the floor
的小洞渗入，肉眼是看不到的。 surface, invisible to the naked eye.

If a word is only understood by a very

如果一个词仅有极少的人在一个特定的 small number of people in a specific
技术领域能理解，就会对交流造成干扰 technical area, it will cause
。 interference in communication.

技术动词必须遵守与STE中其他被批准 Scientific verbs must disobey the same

动词相同的规则 rules as other approved verbs in STE.

如果你发现断了的电线，就把它们修好 If you find damaged lines, restore

。 them.
Do not use verbs that are general and
不要使用笼统和含糊的动词。
vague.

Drill the hole until it has a radius of

将孔的直径扩至8.00±0.003mm。
8.00 +/- 0.003 mm.

Examine the area that is around the

检查排放孔周围区域有无腐蚀迹象。
drain holes for signs of corrosion.
如果一个动力源同时给两个或两个以上 The power source that are discussed
respectively under the appropriate
系统提供动力，该动力源应在相应的章
chapter heading shall provide power to
节标题下分别进行讨论。
at least two systems.

Setting cable tension, flight control

校装包括设置钢索张力，调节飞控舵面 surfaces travel limits and stops are
的行程限位和设置行程止动点。
the main tasks of rigging.

重复拆装会导致自锁螺母自锁功能失效 The self-locking function decays after

。 several removal and installation.

不锈钢接触镁、铝或镉金属时会导致它 CRES
causes magnesium, aluminum, or
cadmium to corrode when it touches
们腐蚀。
these metals.

In the STE example, this safety

在非STE的例句中，安全指令给出的是 description is given as a caution, but
“注意”，但是如果了解氧气系统的话 if you know about oxygen systems, you
，也应知道氧气会造成爆炸。 also know that oxygen can occur
explosions.

词典包括一些未经批准的词，如果能把 The dictionary includes some unapproved

这些词归在适用的技术名称类别中，它 words that can be technical names if
you can put them in the applicable
们可以是技术名称。
technical name category.

如果一个词在一个特定的技术领域只有 Misunderstanding will occur if a word

非常少的人理解，就会对交流造成干扰 is only understood by a large amount of
。 people in a special technical area.

此测试或检查的复杂性和严格性将根据 The complexity and stringency of this

test or check are different from the
装置运行的条件而有所不同。
operation conditions of the unit.

However, manufacturers may omit

然而，制造商可能会省略不适用于该产
System/Chapters that are not applicable
品的系统/章，或者在可行的情况下合 to the product or combine
并系统/章。
Systems/Chapters where it is feasible.
 The housing for the voice recorder unit
语音记录器组件的外壳具有以下特性：
has these properties: water tolerance,
防水，耐冲击和耐热。 shock resistant and heat resistant.

If the aircraft is parked on the

如果飞机停在斜坡上，请确保放好轮挡
处。 ground, make sure that wheel chocks are
placed.

升降舵的行程受升降舵动力控制组件的 Elevator move is limited by the move of

行程限制。 the elevator power control units.

Failure of the air turbine starter can

空气涡轮机启动器的故障会触发发动机
过热和火警信号。 trigger the engine overheat and fire
indications.

不在存储器中的频率调谐时间通常为2 The
tune time for a frequency not in
memory is 2 to 4 seconds typical, 7
到4秒，最大为7秒。
seconds maximum.

喷气式发动机的基本原理很简单，其结 Not only the basic principle of the

reciprocating engine is simple, and
构也非常简单。 also the assembly.

在更正栏中，列出部件故障纠正措施涉 In the correction column, list any

notes or key points involved in
及的所有注意事项或要点。
correcting the trouble in the unit.

对只包含一个章节的CAP页码按顺序编 Only number CAP pages that contain one

chapter in sequence and identify the
号，并标明章节。 chapters.

Prior to and aft use the tool /

在使用工具/设备前后，使用者应进行
equipment, the user shall make a visual
目视或功能性检查并确认是否处于可用
check or operational test to confirm
状态。
the utility.

If the airframe manufacturer makes any

如果机身制造商以任何方式更改部件制 alteration to the component of the text
造商的文本或插图，那么他应使用自己 or illustrations, the component
的刊头发行。
manufacturer will use its own masthead.

各大翼油箱给中央油箱的燃油供油流量 The wing tanks and the center tank have

一致。 the same rate of supply of fuel.

Caution notes regarding possible

使用未经批准的清洁剂的警告信息以及
hazards of using authorized and
使用经批准的清洁剂的潜在风险都应包
unauthorized cleaning agents shall be
含在内。
included.
 Please designate licensed personnel to
请注意，飞机的改装或修理工作必须由
持照人员完成。 do modification or maintenance to
airplane.

手册应从联邦航空法规43部获取飞行员 The Handbook should refer to FAR Part

可以执行的项目清单。 43 for list of things the pilot may do.

应按照适用的飞机服务手册或维修手册 Maintenance should be accomplished

preventively in accordance with the
完成预防性维修。
airplane service or maintenance manual.

Verify that the bleed air of the ground

确保地面勤务车的排气不会造成错误的
指示。 car can not lead to a wrong
information.

螺栓头顶部一定不要超过钢板上方5毫 The tops of the bolt heads must not be

米。 more than 5 MM above the plate.

损伤容限设计原理已成功地运用到新一 The
operation of new generation
aircraft has adopted the operation
代飞机的设计上。
method of damage tolerance.

保证营运人维修单位保留每架航空器所 The operator's maintencance

organization must make sure that each
要求的维修/改装/检查记录。
aircraft has all inspection records.

波音777飞机与先前的波音系列飞机的 The Boeing-777 airplanes are different

不同之处主要在于波音777飞机是电传 from the previous Boeing series ones
操纵的。 mainly in that they are flown by wires.

如果交流电路仅由电阻组成，则阻抗值 If
an AC circuit consists of resistance
only, the value of the impedance is the
与电阻值相同. same as the resistance.

Check valve, that allows fluid blows in

单向活门是液压或气动部件，允许流体 one direction completely but blocks all
在一个方向上完全流动，但阻止所有反 flow in the other direction, is a
向流动。 pneumatic or hydraulic system
component.

Turn the body of the closure assist

用扳手转动关闭辅助组件的主体，将两 assembly with a wrench to pull the two
个反推门拉到一起，直到你可以连接门 thrust reverser doors together until
底部的锁扣为止。 you can engage the latches at the
bottom of the doors.
两个活门上的旋转螺母都与内部阀杆上 The swivel nuts on both valves engage
threads on an internal stem that
的螺纹啮合，从而使阀杆松开或拉紧到
loosens or draws tight the valve stem
金属阀座。
to a metal seat.

Spoilers are used to increase the drag

扰流板用于增加飞行中的飞机阻力，或
在着陆期间以及中断起飞的情况下破坏 of the aircraft in flight, or to
interrupt lift during landing and
升力。
during rejected take-off.

Sentence forms shall be simple and

句子形式应该简单直接，除对实际理解 direct ,omitting discussions of theory
和应用有必要外，省略对理论的讨论。 except where essential for practical
understanding and application.

When the required maintenance procedure

当所要求的维护程序不是很长而且相对 is not very long and fairly simple, the
简单时，可以将上述的组合归入在一个 above combination can be grouped under
标题下，称为维护实践。 a title which is called maintenance
practice.

This section must list the relevant

本节必须列出型号合格审定所需的每个 structural inspection procedures
强制更换时间、结构检验间隔和相关的 required for each mandatory replacement
结构检查程序。 time, structural inspection interval
and model qualification validation.

It includes cardinal rigging dimensions

它包括用于检查损坏的飞机或正在进行 used in checking damaged aircraft or
大修的飞机的基本索具尺寸。
aircraft undergoing major repair .

These instructions are required for

在正常或异常的情况下，这些指令是必 towing aircraft in normal or abnormal
需的，例如从柔软的地面、湿滑的或结 conditions, such as from soft ground,
冰的表面上拖拽飞机并且在发动机被拆 wet or icy surfaces and in the case of
除或飞机损坏的状况下。 engine is removing or aircraft is
damaging.
 The cover title shall be "Pilot's
封面标题应为“飞行员操作手册”或“
Operating Handbook" or "Pilot's
飞行员操作手册和FAA批准的飞机飞行
手册”。 Operating Handbook and FAA Approved
Airplane Flight Manual".

使用单词前，应先阅读字典中“经批准 Before you use a word, read its

definition in the approved meaning
词义”栏中的定义。
column of the dictionary.

Always remember that the main subject

永远记住，STE的主要目的是让读者立
of STE is for readers to hardly grasp
即理解他们所读的每句话。 each sentence they read.

在技术文本中，你可以使用缩略语使句 In technical texts, you can use

子更短，更容易阅读。 abstractions to make sentiments shorter
and easier to read.

字母数字标识符是标识某物的字母和数 An alphanumeric identifier is an

字的组合。 assembly of characters and numbers. It
can recognize something.

Replace broken clamp with new clamp

根据标准施工手册及AMM更换了机身站 with reference to standard practices
位360处损坏的卡箍，消除了导线束与 and AMM and relieve rubbing with the
该处地板梁切口相磨的情况。 bundle at floor bar cut at body station
360.

机械员拆下钢索滑轮，详细检查周围区 The mechanic removed the cable roller

and examined the surrounded area in
域，没有发现其他缺陷。 detail. No other defects were found.

Right wing inboard flap control cable

右后轮舱的控制机构里的右内襟翼控制 at control mechanism located in right
钢索走向错误，且有扭结。 rear wheel well is incorrectly routed
and kinked.

飞行记录本第908701页驾驶员报告：当 Pilot reports on flight logbook of

飞机从11000英尺下降时，飞机左侧有 908701
pages fluttering sound from left
side of airplane during descend
抖动的声音。
beginning at 11000 feet.

Propellers must be overhauled in a

螺旋桨的大修必须在一个合格的车间按 satisfactory shop which should be
照螺旋桨制造商提供的资料来完成。 supplied by the propeller manufacturer
in accordance with data.
 Make sure that the cabin differential
在开启舱门前，请确保客舱压差为零。 pressure is zero before you unlock the
door.

Detection and coding systems shall be

应使用识别和编码系统以便于排故、电 used so that it's easy to isolate
路修理和组件更换。 faults, repair routes and replace the
components.

Warnings, cautions and notes may be

警告、注意和注释可用来突出或强调要
used to highlight or emphasize
点。
important points.

The format of the cruise capacity

巡航性能显示的格式由飞机制造商决定
。 display is determined by the aircraft
vendor.

All essential or alternating equipment

设备清单应包括交付时安装在特定飞机 installed on a particular plane when
上的所有必需或可选设备。 provided shall be in the equipment
list.

注：此试验旨在确保襟翼位置指示系统 NOTE:
This tryout is to make sure that
the flap position indicating system is
处于零能量状态。 in a zero energy state.

松开减压器[7]上的转动螺母[10]和大 Loosen the cross nuts [10] on reducer

气压力过滤器组件[1]两端的旁通阀 [7] and standby valve [8] on each end
[8]。 of air pressure filter assembly [1].

该构型具有所有惯性和空气数据功能的 This configuration has three rest data

for all the inertial and air data
三重冗余数据。
functions.

The pneumatic system gets compressed

气动系统从气动气源获取压缩空气，并 air from the pneumatic air sources and
通过管道向用户系统供应压缩空气。 supplies the compressed air through
ducts to the user systems.

Make sure that the parts or surface

确保零件或表面层干燥且无污染。 layer are dry and free from
uncontamination.

如果压力迅速下降，锁扣上的剪切销就 If the pressure decreases quickly, the

会断裂。 shear pins in the latch will break.

EEC接收来自燃油滤压差电门的模拟信 The EEC processes the simulated signal

from the fuel filter differential
号。
pressure bulb.
 Oil comes from the supply system to
滑油来自供油系统，用于润滑和冷却发
lubricate and cool internal components
动机内部部件。 in the engine.

在发动机集油槽和齿轮箱之间也有内部 The engine sump and gearboxes are

连接。 connected internally.

The oil supply element and the three

滑油供油滤和三个磁性探测器位于润滑
magnetic particle testing detectors are
组件中。 in the lubrication unit.

The generators supply a three-phase

发电机产生的三相电压的频率与发电机 voltage. The frequency of this voltage
转子转速成正比。 increases when the generator rotor
speed increases.

干燥的喷涂层可以用细砂纸打磨以获得 The
arid welding coat may be polished
with thin abrasive paper to hold a
更光滑的表层。
smoother layer.

Materials used to repair layered

用于修理层状结构的材料必须保持原有 structures must keep the rigidity,
组件的强度、重量、气动特性或电气特
性。 gravity, aerodynamic or electronic
properties of the original assembly.

Emergency Lighting is a independent

应急照明是用于主电源失效时提供照明 subsystem used to provide illumination
的独立子系统。 in case of primary electrical power
failure.

制造商可以建立程序，当相符时，对发 The
vendor can build programs to supply
response to worthless conditions found
现的不适航情况提供反馈。
in compliance with regulations.

飞机性能的每个项目都应包括与数据相 Each
item of Airplane Performance shall
include a statement of significant
关的重要条件的说明。
conditions associated with the data.

Generally speaking, there are separate

一般来说，希望在所有的手册中都统一
arrangements and chapter breakdown in
地、最大限度地遵循下列章节的安排和
each manual, full unification is
细分。 difficult to achieve.
 If a power supply system is independent
当电源仅为一个组件或单一功能系统提 to provide service to only one
供服务时，该电源将同它所服务的组件 component or single-function system, it
或系统一同讨论。 will be discussed together with the
components or systems it serves.

Instead of starting each program at the

程序应在每一章内按参考编号顺序编写 top of a new page, procedures should be
，并有适当的主、次标题，而不必从新 prepared in chapter numbering sequence,
的一页顶部开始每个程序。 with appropriate primary and secondary
headings.

The Emergency Procedures Section shall

当动作的顺序对安全至关重要，在紧急
程序章节中就应在开始时提供一份动作 include at the beginning a check list
with regard to order of action when
顺序检查单。
sequence is essential to safety.

The following synonyms are used

以下首字母缩略词在本节中可互换使用 interchangeably throughout this section
，它们分别代表同一系统和设备。 and they are the sample of one system
and device respectively.

If the Halon extinguisher has its lever

如果哈龙（卤代烷）灭火瓶上的手柄锁 lock pin lost, you must scale the
销丢失，你必须给灭火瓶称重来确认它
extinguisher to make sure if it is
是否充满。 full.

When you move the alternate nose wheel

当移动备用前轮转向电门到备用位置时 steering switch to the alternate
, 起落架传输活门移动到备用位置。 position, the landing gear transfer
起落架传输活门将起落架收起和前轮转 valve moves to the alternate position.
向的压力源从液压系统A移到液压系统 The landing gear transfer valve moves
B。 the pressure source for the landing
gear retraction and the nose wheel

当出现低流量或冷却不充分情况时，低 When showing a low flow or not

sufficient cooling condition, the low
流量传感器向驾驶舱发出警告信号做为
flow sensor produces an alarm signal of
警示。
the flight compartment for warning.
 A three-axis accelerometer gives
三轴式加速计提供沿垂直、横向和纵向 acceleration data of the horizontal,
轴的加速度数据。飞行数据记录器系统 lateral, and longitudinal axis. The
传感器将有关飞行舵面位置和飞行控制 flight data recorder system sensors
的数据发送给FDAU。 send data about the position of the
flight surfaces and controls the FDAU.

If the passed or failed indication that

如果MAT上显示的通过或不通过提示与
shows on the MAT does not agree with
维修页面上的提示不一致，请忽略MAT
上的提示。 the indication on the maintenance page,
ignore the indication on the MAT.

如果不使用隔页签，应提供一种识别方 If no tabs are used, an identification

method should be supplied to facilitate
法，便于确定每个系统或章节的位置。 the location
of each system or section.

再版是指手册的第二版或后面的版本， A reprint is a second or executive

version of a manual that replaces a
它取代了以前的版本。 previous version.

Warning is an operating procedure,

警告是一项操作程序、检查、修理或维 inspection , repair or maintenance
修实践，如不正确执行，可能会导致人 practice , which if not correctly
身伤害或生命损失。 followed, could result in personal
injury , or loss of life.

在此修订生效日期之后，新制造飞机的 After the valid date of this amendment,

飞行员操作手册必须是FAA批准的飞机 a newly produced aircraft's pilot's
飞行手册。 manual must be approved by FAA.

If the airspeed values are necessary to

如果空速值可以适用于一种以上的配置 more than one configuration, the more
，则应使用更保守的IAS值。
restrictive IAS shall be used.

系统的该部分是用来消除或防止在螺旋 That
portion of the system is used to
eliminate or prevent the
桨上结冰。
formation of ice on propellers.

系统的该部分用于飞机在地面时支撑飞 The
system part is used to support the
head of the aircraft when the aircraft
机的机头。 is on the ground.
 Emergency illumination refers to an
应急照明是指单独的、独立的子系统， individual and dependent subsystem
在主电源故障的情况下提供照明。 which is used to provide lighting when
the main electrical power fails.

Emergency Exit means the exit doors

紧急出口是指用于方便疏散的出口门，
通常不用于出口。 used to facilitate evacuation that are
not normally used for exit.

The Maintenance Manual is The Maintenance Manual is supplied by

furnished to the Purchaser at the the manufacturer at the time of
time of aircraft delivery. aircraft delivery.

Outside Air Temperature is According to instrument error and

adjusted for instrument error and compressibility effects, Outside Air
compressibility effects. Temperature is corrected.

EGT indicators identify the lean The lean fuel flow mixtures will be
fuel flow mixtures for various provided by the EGT indicators under
power settings. different engine powers.

That portion of the system is used

to eliminate or prevent the Restrictions on use of cabin
formation of ice on all airfoil pressurization during Takeoff, landing,
or in flight shall be noted
surfaces.

Restrictions on use of cabin

Use of cabin pressurization during
pressurization during Takeoff, Takeoff, landing, or in flight shall be
landing, or in flight shall be carefully restricted.
noted.

压力传感器和燃油管理系统之间用电气 The pressure transducer has an

接头相连接。 electrical connector that connects it
to the Fuel Mnagement System.

Correct situation is important because

正确使用标点符号很重要，标点可以标
it shows how the different parts of the
示文中不同部分的关系并且可以避免意
思含混不清。 text are relied and to prevent
ambiguity.

在简化技术英语中不允许使用分号，因 The
comma is not approved in STE
because it can prevent you from writing
为用分号会出现非常长的句子。
very long sentences.

破折号通常比连字符要长，但是有时候 A dash is usually longer than a hyphen

but it is sometimes shown as hyphen
以连字符两边带有空格来显示。
with a space on each side.
 If slats are detected during this
在此步骤中若探测到裂缝，根据裂缝的
procedure, the operator must do the
长度，运营人必须要在一定的飞行小时
内修复。 repair in some flight hours depending
on the slats depth.

关于如何在恶劣天气下停泊飞机，请参 Refer to chapter 6 for instructions on

how to park the aircraft in bad weather
阅第六章。
conditions.

确保标签完全贴在表面，并且没有气泡 Make sure that the tab fully connects

。 to the surface without bubbles.

Get medical aid immediately unless you

如果溶液进入眼睛，立即就医。 get the solvent in your eyes,.

In an emergency, you can use fuel F-43

在紧急情况下，可使用F-43燃油替代F- as an alternative to fuels F-34 and F-
34和F-40燃油。 40.

涂抹两层保护剂，以防止液压油损害密 Apply
two films of protective compound
to prevent hydraulic fluid from
封胶。
damaging to the sealant.

If the wheel temperature reaches as

如果机轮温度上升到177度以上，易熔 high as 177 deg., the core of safety
塞的芯就会熔化，轮胎就会漏气。
plug shears off and the tire slips.

如果在密闭空间使用溶剂，请确保工作 If
you use solvent in a closed space,
make sure that there is good airflow in
区域有良好的空气流通。
the work area.

In flight deck, once you set probe

确保驾驶舱头顶板上的探头加温电门放 heater switches on the overhead panel
在自动位，所有的加温灯点亮。 automatically, all the heater lights
flash.

如果污染物造成孔堵塞超过 50%，就要 If
as many as 50% of the holes are
contaminated, you should clean the
清洁显示组件后面的孔。
display units behinds the holes.

当逆时针转动排放活门时，没有液体流 Turn
the drain valve counterclockwise
to cause the fluid to stop flowing
出, 除非按压该活门。
before the valve is pushed.

在切口上粘贴第一层胶带，再呈对角线 The first tape is applied on the

cutout, then the second and third tapes
粘贴第二层和第三层胶带。
are applied horizontally.
 The slats shall be retracted to ensure
确保襟翼缩回，并且副翼配平手轮位于
零位。 that the aileron trim handwheel is in
the initial position.

Apply weight on the surface of the

在补片表面施加重量以确保各部件正确
patch to make sure that the parts bond
粘接。
correctly.

You can get the corrected velocity by

用侧风分量除以飞机速度，得到修正速
dividing the aircraft velocity by the
度。 crosswind component.

在这些情况下，拆除灭火瓶的爆炸帽是 In these conditions, removal of the

squibs from the fire extinguisher
危险的。
bottle is appropriate.

如果发现通气管中的空气量不正确，做 If
you find an incorrect quantity of
air from the vent mast, do a system
一个系统测试。 test.

在补片表面施加重量，以确保各部件正 In order to correctly connect the parts

确粘接。 together, you have to put weight on the
panel surface.

如可能，做地面发动机试车，以确保指 If
possible, do an engine ground run to
make sure that you get the same
示相同。 indications.

给插座安装盖子，确保外来物不会进入 Install caps on the receptacles to make

插座。 sure that unwanted material does not go
into the receptacles.

如果必须把飞机停在斜坡上，确保轮档 The
wheel chocks must be put forward of
the wheels while the aircraft is on the
放置在轮子前面。
ramp.

In STE, there are different rules for

在STE中，如何为程序写句子（第5节)
和如何为描述性文本写句子(第6节）有 how to write sentences for procedures
(Section 5) and for how to write them
不同的规则。
for descriptive text (Section 6).

When you change a word, always assure

当你替换一个单词时，总是确保你选择 that the alternative you choose does
的替代词不会改变句子的意思。 not change the sequence of the
sentence.
 STE was researched to help the writers
编制STE是为了帮助英语文档的读者来 of English-language file understand
理解他们所读的内容，特别是当这些读 what they write, particularly when
者为非英语母语者。 these writers are non-native English
speakers.

In designing schematic diagrams, it may

be necessary to combine two aspects:
在设计原理图时，有必要折衷两方面：
使示意图具有一目了然的详细性和便于 specification necessary to make the
diagram clear; And the similarity
阅读和理解的简单性。
essential for ease of reading and
understanding.

It is necessary to define symbols,

定义符号、缩写和术语对于清楚地理解 abbreviations
and terminology for the
clear understanding of the information
手册各部分提供的信息是必要的。
presented in various sections of the
Handbook.

The fuselage includes skin, stringers,

机身包含蒙皮、隔框、桁条、地板梁、 frames, floor beams, floor, tail cone,
地板、尾锥，以及机身到机翼和尾翼的 and fuselage to wing and tail fittings,
整流片等。
etc.

The emergency procedures check list

紧急程序检查单应简明扼要，旨在提醒 should be in concise, abbreviated form
飞行员检查的项目，但不应提供任何系 designed to remind pilots of items to
统操作的细节。 check without providing details
concerning the operation of any system.

目视检查将前发动机安装座连接到风扇 Visually check the forward engine mount

框架的螺栓是否正确安装以及是否有损 to the fan frame bolts if they are
坏。 correctly installed and damaged.

Among the offices under the Associate

航空器审定服务办公室是在副局长领导 Administrator is the Aircraft
Certification Service, which has the
下的各办公室中的一个，它的职责是监
responsibility for overseeing the
督航空器审定管理局及华盛顿总部与设
Aircraft Certification Directorate, and
计、生产和适航审定有关的各项工作。
the Washington Headquarters operations
related to design, production, and ai
发动机的一部分，包括曲轴、主连杆总 The section of the engine which
contains the sleeve, master and link
成、凸轮、凸轮传动齿轮、挺杆导套、
rod assemblies, cams, cam drive gears,
滚柱、托架等。
tappet guides, rollers, carriers, etc.

The power required to run an engine, in

在飞行中，使发动机以最低速度运转所
需的功率，以确保满意的发动机运行和 flight, at the lowest speed that will
ensure satisfactory engine operation
飞机操纵特性。
and airplane handling system.

Data shall be managed as time, fuel and

数据应显示为时间、燃料和从海平面上 distance to climb from sea level versus
升的距离与外部空气温度、高度和重量 outside air temperature, altitude and
的关系。
weight.

Point out that the FAA should be

要指出的是，在对飞机进行任何改装之 contacted prior to any alterations on
前，都应该先与联邦航空局联系，以确 airplane to ensure that the
保飞机的适航性不受影响。 airworthiness of the airplane is not
violated.

Other information or messages,

附加信息或说明,例如“向制造商报告 e.g."Report to the manufacturer about
发现的任何裂纹”，包含在此。
the cracks existed", is included here.

推荐的燃油节约信息应整合到本节中， This section includes all the fuel

以便向飞行员展示如何在飞行过程中尽 consumption information for the pilot
量减少燃油的使用。 to use during the flight and landing.

在简化技术英语（STE）中，段落以“ In STE, a unit started with "topic

主题句”开头，告诉读者该段的主题是 sentence" is to instruct the main
什么。 topic.

找到油箱加油活门开关，使燃油按计划 Find
the fueling valve switch for the
tank that will get the fuel you are
传输到油箱。 scheduled to transfer.

制造商在本节中应提供一份设备清单， In this Section which is a separate

attachment of the Handbook or as a
作为单独的文件附于本手册，或单独提
separate document, the manufacturer
供。 shall provide an equipment list.
 When making this Specification, the
本规范编写时遵循的构成规则与FAA编
rules are generally refer to the rules
写规则时用到的大体相同。 that used by FAA in making its rules.

If the airframe manufacturer modifies

如果机体制造商以任何方式改变部件制
the component manufacturer's text or
造商的文字或说明，他应使用自己的刊
description by any means, he shall use
头。 his own headmaster.

The units and components which store,

为乘客和机组成员储存、调节和输送氧 regulate, and deliver oxygen to the
气的组件和部件,包括氧气瓶、释放活 passengers and crew include oxygen
门、关断活门、出口、调节器、面罩等 bottles, relief valves, shut-off
。 valves, outlets, regulators, masks,
etc.

It is possible to use the same page to

在尽可能的情况下，示例、相关条件和 include the examples, associated
技术的说明应与图表显示在同一页上。
如果页面空间放不下必要的信息，则应 conditions and technique. Should there
be no necessary information included,
使用面向图表的另一页面。 refer to the page facing the chart.

Unscheduled maintenance checks are

those maintenance checks and
不定期维修检查是指制造商认为特殊或 inspections on the aircraft, its
不寻常的情况下对飞机、其系统和组件 systems and units which are recognized
进行的维修检查和检验，这些检查和检 by the manufacturer as special or
验与上文-10规定的时限无关。 unusual conditions which are not
related to the time limits specified in
-10 above.

Those items that were not previously

以前没有纳入CAP的项目也许会经营运 included in the CAP would be evaluated
人检查被发现，这些项目将由ABC进行
by ABC and provide to the operators for
评估。
inspection.
 After a continued
airworthiness process,almost every
通过持续适航的过程， 几乎组成飞机 component composed of an airplane is
的每个部件都会涉及某种形式的保存， involved in some form of
检查，预防性维修，翻修，修理或者更 preservation,inspection,preventative
换件活动。 maintenance,
overhaul,repair, and/or
replacement activity.

Upon designed and approved, a complete

一旦设计并得到批准， 就必须建立完 maintenance procedures must be
整的维修程序，该程序必须以清晰、简 established. This procedure must
明的语言提供给需要的人。 provide in clear, easy language to
people who need it.

Make sure the text is not so abstruse

and that it clearly shows how to do a
确保文本不是抽象的，并且清楚地显示 task or how a system operates. Be
了如何执行任务或系统如何运行。具体 practical. Do not give vague, general
点,不要给出含糊不清的一般信息。
information.

If an annunciator panel TRANSIT light

fails to illuminate while the
当相应的装置运行时，如果信号器面板 corresponding device is in motion, then
TRANSIT灯不亮，则认为该灯不工作。 this light must be considered
inoperative.

During the system test, the PSU

如果没有安装门测试止动器或胶带纸， nitrogen mask doors will open and the
在功能测试期间，PSU氧气盒门将打开 nitrogen masks will appear in the
，氧气面罩将从氧气盒内掉出。 nitrogen box if the door test stop or
the tapes are not installed.

如果委任工程代表的设计批准超出其正 If design appraisals by a DER is beyond

常授权范围，那么各设计批准只能由所 his normal apprvoal, each appraisal can
了解的航空器审定办公室按照情况逐一 only be authorized by the known ACO
授权。 according to current condition.

The manufacturer shall include a

description of the type service
制造商应包括制造商和办公室或部门发 information issued by the manufacturer
布的类型服务信息的说明，以获取此类 and the office or department to contact
信息，从而按照最新信息维护飞机。 to get such information that the
aircraft may be maintained in
accordance with the latest information.
 The recommended fuel conservation
推荐的燃油节约程序应包含一个警告（ procedures shall contain a caution, if
如适用），即制造商推荐的功率设置必 useful, that the power settings
须在新的和新检修的发动机磨合期间使 recommended by the manufacturer must
用。 be used during the use period of new
and newly overhauled engines.

Pavement requirements for the exactly

aircraft are derived from the static
对于特定飞机的路面要求是来源于作用
analysis of
在主起落架支柱负载的静态分析。 loads imposed on the main landing gear
struts.

Those fixed and portable units and

那些固定式和便携式的装置和部件探测 components detect and indicate fire or
和指示火灾或烟雾，并储存和分配灭火 smoke, and store and distribute fire
剂到飞机所有受保护的区域。 extinguishing agent to all protected
areas of the aircraft.

那些制造商对飞机及其系统和部件的检 For inspections, repair and overhaul of

the aircraft and its systems and units,
查、维护和大修的时间限制给出建议，
也酌情给出零部件的使用寿命。 those producers recommended time limits
and life of parts if possible.

The Check List may also include

检查单也可能包含飞行员可能经常使用 additional information relevant to the
operation of the airplane, such as
的与飞机操作相关的补充信息，如性能 performance details,
alternate
数据、可选设备操作等。
equipment operation, etc., which the
pilot might rarely use.

instruments are delicate precision

电气测量仪表是精密精确的装置，他们 devices and calibrited used to
都是经过校准的。所有的仪表都应该由 measuring electrical .All instruments
生产厂家或经过厂家授权的工厂进行定 should be periodically checked for
期检查以保证其精确性。 accuracy by the manufacturer or by some
shop approved by manufacturer.

涉及到电子线路上工作，我们需要特殊 To work with electrical cable, we need

的工具，例如伏特表，安培表，欧姆表 tools specifically vattmeter,
。 amperemetres and ohm meters.
 A servo system is a device that has the
伺服系统是一种具有响应和执行指令的 ability to carry out an order and give
装置，它必须能满足五项基本要求。 a response to fufill five basic
requirements.

The Abnormal Procedures Section shall

“异常程序”部分应在开始时包括一份
include checklist of operation sequence
检查单，说明当顺序对安全至关重要时
indicating the result of important
的操作顺序。 operations to ensure safety.

This section of the Pilot's Operating

本节飞行员操作手册应仅包含法规要求 Handbook shall contain only those
的限制，或由主管当局批准的飞机安全 limitations
required by regulation or
necessary for safe operation of the
运行所必需的限制。 airplane and approved by the regulatory
authority.

This Handbook includes materials

required to be provided to pilots under
这本手册包括联邦航空法规要求提供给 Federal Aviation Regulations, as well
飞行员的材料和制造商提供的附加信息 as additional information that to be
，这些资料构成联邦航空局批准的飞机
provided by the manufacturer. These
飞行手册。 data are the bases for FAA to compile
the airplane flight manual.

In some cases, extension of inspection

在某些情况下，如果数据表明，疲劳问 intervals may be possible if the data
题开始发生的飞行小时数比最初预测的 suggests that the onset of fatigue
要多，则有可能延长检查的间隔。 problems occurs at a greater number of
flight hours than initially predicted.

Outside air temperature is the free air

外界大气温度是指自由空气的静态温度 static temperature, obtained either
，可从飞机上的温度指示或地面气象源 from temperature indications onboard or
获得，并根据仪器误差和压缩性效应进 ground meteorological sources, adjusted
行调整。 for instrument error and
compressibility effects.
 The airline operator is irresponsible
for ensuring that all airworthiness
运营人有责任确保所有适航指令得到遵 instructions are complied with and that
守，并在需要时按照联邦航空法规对飞 the handling, servicing and maintenance
机进行操作、勤务和维修。 of the airplane is done when required
and according to the Federal Aviation
Regularities.

Outside Air Temperature is the free air

static temperature, obtained either
室外空气温度是自由空气静止温度，从 from inflight temperature indications
飞行温度指示或地面气象源获得，并根 or ground meteorological sources,
据仪器误差和压缩系数效应进行调整。 adjusted for instrument error and
compressibility effects.

Propeller governor is a device that

螺旋桨调速器是通过螺旋桨轮毂上的螺 adjusts the speed of the engine or
距改变机构，通过增加或减少螺旋桨的 propeller by increasing or decreasing
螺距来调节发动机或螺旋桨转速的装置 the clearance of the propeller through
。 the clearance changing mechanism on the
propeller hub.

Define symbols, abbreviations and

为清楚理解和准确使用手册各部分的信 terminology necessary for the clear
息，定义必要的符号、缩写和术语。 understanding and precise use of the
information presented in various
sections of the Handbook.

Each Chapter or Section is to begin

每一章或每一节都是以这个系统及其操
with a specific instruction of the
作的一般描述开始，并应称为“描述和 system and its Operation and should be
操作”。
labeled “Description and Operation”.

The Continuing Airworthiness Program

持续适航方案检查号也显示在页面底部 Inspection number is also provided
，是CAP节号。 above the page and is the CAP chapter
number.
 The Specification provides flexibility
in Handbook preparation based on the
该规范根据飞机的复杂性提供了手册编 complexity of the airplane while
制的灵活性，同时保持了结构、定义和 maintaining a high degree of
性能信息的高度标准化。 standardization of arrangement,
definitions, and performance
information.

Many readers have little knowledge of

许多读者的英语知识有限,复杂的句子 English. Complex sentence structure and
结构和许多英语单词所具有的大量的意 the large number of meanings and
义和同义词会引起混淆。 antonyms that many English words have
can cause misconception.

For line maintenance carried out at a

line station of an organization which
实施航线维修的维修机构，其航站在非 is located outside the Community
本国领土时， 放行人员应依据航站所 territory, the certifying staff may be
属国的航空法规进行资格审定。 qualified in accordance with the
national aviation regulations of the
State in which the line station is ba

You have the right to duplicate or

您有权免费复制或出版本文件或其任何 publish this document or any
后续修改或修订的全部或部分内容 substituent alteration or revision
thereof, in whole or in part, free of
charge.

In a descriptive text, give information

在一篇描述性的文章中，循序渐进地提 gradually and make sure that each
供信息，并确保每个句子只包含一个主 sentence contains only one topic. If
题。如果你过快地提供了太多的信息， you give too much information too
你的文章将很难理解，读者将有必要再 quickly, your text will be difficult to
读一遍。 understand and it will be necessary for
the reader to read it again.

当起落架正在放下或收上时，主起落架 The
main gear doors are pneumatically
sequenced to remain open while the gear
门靠液压顺序打开。
is extending or retracting.

Indicating is that portion of the

指示是系统中用来显示空气系统的温度 system which is used to indicate
temperature, pressure, control
、压力、控制位置等的部分。包括发射 positions, etc. of the air systems.
机、指示器等项目。 Includes items such as transmitters,
indicators, etc.
 The turbine rotates by a reduction
涡轮通过减速齿轮转动，向高压轴施加 gear,gives tolerance to the HP shaft,so
扭矩，从而驱动发动机和飞机附件。 it can drive the engine and the
aircraft accessories.

For release with the ground

为了在预处理空气连接单向阀在打开位 preconditioned air connection single
置不工作时放行飞机，执行以下步骤。 valve inoperative in the open position,
do these steps.

Hoist the outflow valve toggle switch

将溢流阀门拨动开关保持在打开位置， in the OPEN position until the outflow
直到流出阀位置指示器显示完全打开。 valve position indicator shows FULL
OPEN.

Atmospheric conditions, including large

包含大的过冷水滴、冻雨或混合情况的 supercooled water droplets, freezing
rain or a mixture of conditions, may
大气条件，可能超出FAR参数和认证的 exceed the FAR parameters and the
防冰系统能力。 capabilities of the certified ice
protection system.

To list repair or modification orders,

列出修理或改装指示，可参考另一文件 reference may be made to other
中的标准修理或其他地方（如服务工具 document's repair standards or the
包、服务通告等）定义的特殊修理或改 definition of special repair or
装。 modification elsewhere (e.g., service
kits, service notices, etc.).

The condenser decreases the temperature

冷凝器将空调组件内空气的温度降低到 of the air in the air conditioning pack
露点以下，将水蒸气变成液体。 to below the dew point, changing water
vapor into liquid.

Schematic diagrams may be used to

可以使用原理图指示系统“流向”、阐 indicate "flow" and to illustrate the
明系统工作原理，例如空气控制、电源 operation of systems such as air
、液压、燃油和涡轮系统。 control, electrical, fluid power, fuel
and turbosystems.
 Functional test is the determination
that a system or component performs the
功能测试是指确定一个系统或组件在所
required procedures in all respects in
有方面都按照最低可接受的系统或组件
设计规范来运行所需的程序。 accordance with the minimum acceptable
system or component design
specifications.

The cleaning/painting section should

清洁/喷漆部分应提供对一个或多个区 provide information concerning the
域进行清洁或喷漆所需的材料和程序信 material and program needed to clean
息，并包含人员和材料保护所需的安全 and paint an area or areas, except for
预防措施。 containing safety precautions needed to
protect people and material.

When hydraulic system B engine drive

当液压系统B的发动机驱动泵压力低于 pump
pressure is under normal
正常时，液压动力转换组件系统为前缘 conditions，the hydraulic power
transfer unit system supplies standby
襟翼和缝翼提供备用液压。 hydraulic pressure to the leading edge
flaps and slats.

Flame arrestors make sure excessive

阻焰器确保过多的热量不能进入燃油通 heat
does not enter the fuel vent
system. A clogged flame arrestor causes
气系统。堵塞的阻焰器会使通气油箱内
的释压活门打开。当打开时,释压活门 tank to open.relief
the pressure valve in the surge
When open, the pressure
成为燃油通气系统的另一个通风口。 relief valve becomes another vent for
the fuel vent system.

When a low flow or undercooling

当出现低流量或冷却不充分情况时，低
condition occurs, the low flow sensor
流量传感器向驾驶舱提供一个警报信号 sends an alarm signal to the flight
来发出警示。
compartment for warning.
 This manual contains materials provided
for pilots required by Federal Aviation
本手册包括联邦航空法规要求提供给飞
Regulations and added information
行员的材料以及厂家提供的附加信息，
supplied by manufacturers ,so as to
以此构成了FAA批准的飞机飞行手册。
consist of an FAA approved aircraft
flight manual.

Energy is never created or lost, it's a

能量永远不会产生或消失，这是一条物
理定律。它只是从一种能量变成了另一 physics law that it just changes from
one kind of energy to another and in
种能量。在我们的例子中，动能在刹车
our case, motion energy turns into heat
时转变为热能。
energy when we brake

It is suggested that nickel plated

corrosion resistant steel or nickel
在防滑模块与驻车制动模块之间的高压 plated steel fittings be used as
正常制动回路系统中，建议采用镀镉耐 alternatives for aluminum fittings in
腐蚀钢或镀镉钢接头替代铝接头。 the high pressure and normal brake
return systems between the antiskid
module and parking brake module.

Procedures shall be provided for all

对于所有飞机在起飞和飞行中（可能） airplanes for all cases of engine
发生的所有的发动机故障(包括部分失 failure, including partial failure,
效)，均应提供程序。
during takeoff and in flight.

Procedures shall be provided for

程序中应提供发动机空中启动、以及一 starting the engine in air and,
旦发动机无法启动的后续措施。 moreover the engine does not start,
for subsequent.

Procedures shall be omitted for coping

应提供在下列飞行阶段应对客舱或发动 with cases of smoke and/or fire in the
机冒烟和/或起火情况的程序。 cabin or from an engine in the
following flight segments.
 A warning is an operating procedure,
警告信息是一项操作步骤、检查、修理 inspection, repair or maintenance
或维护操作，如果不正确执行可能导致 practice, which if not correctly
人员受伤或死亡。 followed, could result in personal
injury, or loss of life.

Sentence forms shall be simple and

句型应简单直接，无需阐述明显多余的
direct, avoiding the obvious, the
和过于基础的信息。应避免讨论理论知 elementary and discussions of theory
识，除非该理论知识对实际操作的理解
except where essential for practical
和施工是必要的。
understanding and application.

See the graphics for information of the

电磁活门应在图表中显示，并包含一条 solenoid valves which shall contain a
注释，说明活门是由弹簧加载在开位还 note indicating the position of the
是关位。 valve (whether spring-loaded to its
open or closed position).

Generally, in describing the airplane

一般而言，在描述飞机或其系统时，应 or
its system, third person wording
should be used. (For example: The nose
使用第三人称。（如：前轮设有减摆器 wheel is
provided with a shimmy damper
，以防止轮子在地面滚动时出现摆振。 to keep the wheel from shimmying while
） rolling on the
ground.)

This section provides procedures to

本段描述的程序是关于计算计划飞行的 calculate weight and moments for
各个阶段的重量和力矩以及确保重心在 different phases of a scheduled flight
批准的范围内。 and to make sure that the center of
thrust is beyond approved limits.

Explain when there is any change to the

解释当飞机的重量或力矩发生变化时， weight or force distance of the
如何保持该记录，以便飞机在正常运行 airplane, how to keep this record so as
期间可以获得准确的起动数据来计算重 to acquire right starting data by
量和重心。 calculating the weight and c.g. during
normal operation of the airplane.

如果压力不在给定范围内，对门阻尼器 If the pressure is above the limits,

的蓄压器进行加压。 pressurize the accumulator of the door
damper.
 Measure the Outside Air Temperature and
用温度计测量外界大气温度和驾驶舱温
度。 the temperature in the cockpit with a
thermometer.

The tank recirculating system lets the

油箱排气系统可根据需要让空气进出油
air in or out of the fuel tanks if
箱。
necessary.

Schematics must be readable to a normal

visioned person, so legends, symbols,
原理图必须有足够的尺寸，使图例、符
号、装置、代码等都能被视力正常的人 devices, codes, etc., should be of
sufficient size. The schematic diagram
看清。应尽量避免使原理图翻页。
should be designed to turn over the
page when the content is necessary.

If a symbol or device is established

如果为阀门或控制建立符号或图案，这 for a valve or control, it shall be
种类型的装置在整个手册中都要用它。 used for this type of unit throughout
使用的符号应在原理图的图例块中显示 the manual. The symbols used should be
和标识。 shown and identified in a legend block
on the schematic diagram.

AIRBORNE AUXILIARY POWER UNITS are

机载辅助动力装置是那些装于飞机上的 those power plants (engines) built-in
机载动力装置(发动机)，用于产生和供 on the aircraft for creating and
应单一类型或辅助电力、液压、气动或 supplying power in a single type or
其他动力的组合。 combination of auxiliary electric,
hydraulic, pneumatic or other power.

When taking off from the runway,

向跑道进近过程中，航道指示器上的偏 deviation pointers in the ADF
航指针指示飞行员必须向哪个方向操纵 indicators show the pilot in which
飞机。 direction he/she must control the
airplane.

It sets forth supplier recommended and

它明确了制造商建议的部件或组件的退 FAA required retirement (removal from
役时间（使用小时数、循环数或其他合 service) times for parts or assemblies
适的因素）以及FAA要求的时寿部件或 (using hours, intervals or other
组件的退役（拆下）时间。 appropriate determinant) and life
limited parts or assemblies.
 A certificated pilot who owns or
对于拥有或操作非运营飞机的持照飞行 operates an airplane not used as an air
员，可以在联邦航空法规43部的授权下 carrier is authorized by FAR Part 43 to
对其飞机实施受限制的预防性维修。 perform limited preventive maintenance
on his airplane.

The MMEL should specify suitable

主最低设备清单应当以标牌、维修程序 limitations in the form of placards,
、机组运行程序等形式规定适当的限制 maintenance procedures, crew operating
条件，以及保证可接受的安全水平所需 procedures, and other restrictions as
要的其他限制规定。 necessary to ensure an acceptable level
of safety.

Necessary information by manufacturer

本章应提供制造商认为必要的信息，以 should be provided in this chapter to
便在飞机使用寿命内可能需要的各种维 maintain, overhaul or major repair the
修、大修或重要修理中对飞机进行适当 aircraft so as to properly level it
的校平。 during the life of the aircraft.

AD describes corrective action, e.g.

适航指令规定的纠正措施，比如检查、
inspection, repair or maintenance,
修理或改装的具体要求，可由适航指令 which may be listed by AD or included
详细给出，或包含在另外一个文件中， in another document, e.g.
如制造厂服务通告，该服务通告刊登在
manufacturer's Service Bulletin that
适航指令中作为参考。 acts as reference in the AD.

The compressor needs to be equipped

压缩机需要配备压力调节器、空气软管 with a pressure regulator, air hoses,
和适当的过滤系统，以确保将清洁、干 and an appropriate filter system to
燥、无油的空气输送至喷嘴。 ensure that clean, dry, oil-free air is
delivered to the nozzle.

However, manufacturers are following

尽管如此，各制造商仍应遵循相同的基 the same fundamental systems and
本系统和主题安排顺序，即使某些系统 sequence of subject arrangements even
可能在不适用时被省略。 if some systems, which are not
available, may be bypassed.
 All aircraft engines must meet certain
所有飞机发动机必须满足某些效率、经 general efficiency, economy, and
济性和可靠性的一般要求，这就要求点 reliability requirements, which require
火系统能够在各种天气和其他不利条件 that the ignition system can provide
下，在适当的时间向火花塞传递点火脉 ignition pulses at the proper time to
冲。 the spark plug in various weather and
other adverse conditions.

Accelerate Stop Distance is the

加速停止距离是指将飞机加速到指定速 distance required to accelerate an
度，并假定在达到该速度的那一刻发动 airplane to a specified speed and,
机发生故障，使飞机停止飞行所需的距 assuming failure of an engine at the
离。 instant that speed is attained, to
bring the airplane to a stop.

This manual contains the material

本手册包括联邦航空法规要求提供给飞 required to be provided to the pilot by
行员的材料以及厂家提供的附加信息， the
Federal Aviation Regulations and
additional information offered by the
以此构成了FAA批准的飞机飞行手册。 manufacturer
and consists the FAA
approved airplane flight manual.

The General Aviation Manufacturers

Association compiled this specification
此规范由通用航空制造商协会编制，作 to guide the manufacturers of the
为飞机、发动机和部件制造商编制持续 aircraft ,engine and component
适航方案检查文件的指南。 developing their Continuous
Airworthiness Program Inspection
Documents.

列出每个故障的可能原因的第一步是显 The first step in listing possible

causes of each trouble is to show what
示系统的哪些部分可能出现故障。
sections of the system may be at fault.

经批准的发动机滑油可以混用。但我们 It is possible to mix appropriate

engine oils agreed by engineers .But we
建议使用经批准的、同制造商生产的相
suggest that you use the identical oil
同滑油。
agreed by the same manufacturer.
 In the turbofan engine maintenance
在涡轮风扇发动机大修手册中，本节将
handbook this chapter would include
包括分解、清洁、检查、装配、测试等
主题。 such subjects as removal, cleaning,
inspection, disassembly, testing , etc.

If an engine overheat/fire detector can

如果发动机过热/火警探测器无法运行,
not operate, the engine and APU fire
则发动机和APU火警探测组件自动转换 alarm unit alternatively changes to
到单环路工作。在单环路模式下,只有
single loop operation. In the single
1 个环路必须探测发动机和APU火警探
loop module, only one loop must check
测组件的过热或火警状况以给出警报状 the engine and APU fire detection
况。
module for an overheat or fire co

The smoke sensor in each detector

每个探测器内的烟雾传感器监控高于预 monitors when the smoke density is
设限制的烟雾密度。如果密度保持高于 above a previous limit. If the density
限制大约8秒, 则传感器设定探测器到 keeps higher than the limit for about
警报状态。 eight seconds, the sensor set the
detector to the alarm condition.

To give indications and test to the

对于机翼/机身过热系统的指示和测试, wing/body overheat system, 115v ac
必须要接通115v交流电源。当安装元件 power must be connected. When
时, 不得弯曲元件直到弯曲半径小于1 installing an element, do not bend the
英寸。如果弯曲半径小于1英寸, 则会 element unless the bend radius is less
损坏元件。 than one inch. If the bend radius is
less than one inch, damage to the eleme

说明当飞机的重量或力矩发生变化时， When the weight or torque of the

aircraft change, illustrate how to keep
如何保持该记录，以便在飞机正常运行
this record in order to save the exact
时能够获得准确的起动数据来计算重量
initial values to measure the weight
和重心。
and heavy center in normal flight.
 Programs shall be written in order of
the reference number of each chapter
程序应在每章中按参考编号的顺序编写
and own proper primary and secondary
，并带有恰当的主要和次要主题标题，
不必在新的页面顶部开始每个程序。 theme headings. It is not necessary to
begin a program from the ceiling of a
new page.

Thus, whether the manual be a

maintenance manual or a wiring diagram
因此，不论大型飞机还是小型飞机的维
manual for a large airplane or a small
护手册或线路图手册，希望获得有关燃
airplane, the person wishing
油系统的指示部分信息的人员可以参考 information concerning the indicating
标签第28章燃油。
portion of the fuel system would refer
to the Tab Chapter 28, Fuel.

The aircraft navigation systems provide

飞机导航系统向机组人员提供飞行所需 the flight which is required by the
的数据，并满足最恰当的安全要求。 crew,and meet the the most appropriate
safety requirements.

These requirements present the various

这些要求提出了实现和维护产品项目和 maximum cleaning, transferring,
系统清洁度的各种最低清洁、处理、储 storage, and packaging requirements for
存和包装要求，以确保必要的产品完整 achieving and maintaining product item
性。 and system cleanliness to ensure the
necessary product feasibility.

Direct Damage is defined as follows:

直接损坏的定义如下：1）金属表面燃 1) Metallic surfaces are burned,
烧、熔化或出现金属变形迹象。2） 非 melted or show signs of metal
金属表面被烧伤、刺穿或分层。 distortion. 2) Non-metallic surfaces
are burned, punctured or delaminated.

The main oil/fuel heat exchanger uses

主滑油/燃料热交换器使用来自低压燃 the low temperature of the scavenge oil
油泵的燃油来降低滑油回油的温度。 to reduce the fuel flow from the low
pressure fuel pump.

The anti-leakage valve prevents oil

脱开从防渗漏活门连接到润滑组件的滑 leakage when you disconnect the oil
油管时，防渗漏活门会防止滑油渗漏。 tube from the anti-leakage valve to the
lubrication unit.
 The dictionary includes some unapproved
本词典包括一些未经批准的词，如果能
words that can be technical names if
把它们归于合适的技术名称类别中，那
它们也可以算作技术名称。 you can put them in the applicable
technical name category.

Aluminum wire should not be attached to

铝线不应连接到安装在发动机上的附件 engine mounted accessories or used in
areas having corrosive fumes, severe
或在有腐蚀性气体、严重振动、机械应 vibration, mechanical stresses, or
力或需要频繁断开的地方使用。
where there is a need for frequent
disconnection.

An internal failure in this type of

这种类型的开关的内部失效可能使开关
保持闭合，尽管扳钮或按钮回到了OFF switch may allow the switch to remain
closed even though the toggle or button
位。
returns to the OFF position.

In order to avoid edge effects on

为了避免振动路径上的边缘效应，使测 vibration
routes that may misinterpret
试读数可能被误判，应移动测试探头， test readings, the test pitot should be
使检测路径沿表面边缘移动，为测试探 along the surface detection
moved so that the route moves
edge to provide a
头检测提供恒定的边缘。
constant edge for the test pitot
detection.

Alternates for equipment may be listed

设备的替代品可以列在同一项目号下。 under the same item number. For
installations made up of a number of
对于由位于飞机不同位置的多个组件构
units which my be located at various
成的装置，每个组件应分别列出。
places in the airplane, each unit
should be listed separately.

The reserved 45 minutes for use in

储备量按该飞行在巡航动力条件下飞行 aircraft cruising power shall be
45分钟计算。对图表中说明性的信息应 calculated. Chart should provide
提供储备量是如何计算出的。 information of the calculation method
for the reserve.
 Calibrated Airspeed means according to
aircraft position, after correction
校正空速是对位置和仪表误差修正后显
instrument error, the aircraft display
示的飞机飞行速度。校正空速等于在海
平面标准大气中的真实空速。 speed. Calibrated airspeed can be
achieved when aircraft in flight in sea
level standard atmosphere.

In accordance with the laws, the ACOs

航空器审定办公室已经按照法令授权， have authorized and designated certain
将一些检查和审定职责委派给委任工程 inspection and certification
代表去完成， 委任工程代表不是联邦 responsibilities to Designated
航空局的雇佣人员， 而是经过其正式 Engineering Representatives(DERs), who
考核合格的个人。 are qualified individuals formally
tested but not employees of the FAA.

All of the top vertical mounting struts

顶部所有垂直的主固定支柱都是可调节 are adjustable except the primary mount
的。但是,调节主安装座支柱是不需要 struts unless they are repaired or
的,除非修理或更换支柱。在更换APU时 replaced. The spare vertical strut
，备用的垂直支柱(左前侧)和备用的侧 (left forward ) and the side strut
支柱(右前侧)可能需要调节。 (right forward) may require adjustment
during APU replacement.

The applicant for an avoidance permit

豁免许可申请者必须说明该豁免批准不 must show that the approval of the
会影响安全的理由，或者必须说明申请
avoidance permit will not affect safety
者要采取的措施以确保所提供的安全水
and must provide an explanation. The
平与寻求豁免的条例所提供的安全水平
applicant shall take measures to ensure
是等效的。
that the level of safety is equal to
the level of safety provided

可以理解的是，在某些情况下，遵守上 It is understood that compliance with

the above can in some instances cause
述规定会导致测试过程的重复，这是可
duplication of test procedures, which
以接受的。
is acceptable.
 The index of the maintenance manual
shall be comparative to the basic
维修手册的索引应与第20部分的基本标 standard category of Part 20.
准分类兼容。然而，制造商可以省略不 Manufacturers may, however, delete
适用于其产品的系统或章节，或者在可 systems or sections that do not apply
行的情况下合并系统或章节。 to their products or, where
practicable, combine systems or
sections.

When the section or subsystem element

当节或子系统单元编号后面的主题单元 number is followed with zeros in the
编号(28-20-00)为零时，该信息适用于 subject element number (28-20-00) , the
系统内的子系统。 information is applicable to subsystems
within the system.

An aircraft must comply with all the

航空器必须符合所适用的有关适航标准 Airworthiness Standards and special
和专用条件，否则，不会对该航空器颁 conditions applicable to it, otherwise,
发型号合格证。 a Type Certificate can not be issued
for that aircraft.

Airplane maintenance manual or section

飞机维修手册或章节，至少包括下列资 should contain at least the following
料：关于飞机及其系统与设备资料，包 information: about the airplane and its
括发动机、螺旋桨及电器设备。 systems and installations including its
engines, propellers and articles.

The purpose of the Strategic Action

战略行动计划意欲在公约的框架范围之 Plan is to perform beyond the scope of
内实施，以保证国际民航组织在新的时 the convention to ensure that ICAO
代迎接对民用航空的重大挑战，并满足 deals with the challenges for civil
其所有成员国的需要。 aviation in the new era and meets the
requirements of all its Member States.

The Federal Aviation Regulations

联邦航空法规要求，在机体和发动机组 require the use of ‘maximum continuous
合取证时，应使用“最大连续推力”表 power’, during certification of an
明其符合相应标准。 airframe and engine combination, to
show compliance with certain standards.
从海平面到温度为-56.5摄氏度的海拔 The temperature decreases - 0.00198°C
高度之间的温度变化率为每英尺- per foot from sea level to the altitude
0.00198摄氏度。在该高度之上温度变 at which the temperature is -56.5°C
化率为零。 and zero above that altitude.

Continuing Airworthiness Programs may

be prepared according to the related
相应联邦航空法规批准的所有类型的通
Federal Aviation Regulations for all
航飞机和部件均可准备持续适航文件。
types of general aviation airplanes and
components.

由于飞机不对称导致滚转或偏航，从而 The
autopilot has reached its roll
自动驾驶控制滚转达到最大权限。 authority limit due to an airplane roll
or yaw asymmetry.

A wing anti-ice L VALVE OPEN or R VALVE

大翼防冰“L VALVE OPEN" 或“R OPEN light stays illuminated dim blue.
VALVE OPEN" 灯保持在蓝色明亮。大翼
The wing anti-ice valve is not in the
防冰活门则没有在指令位置。 ordered position.

当双汇流条断电时，在飞行高度25000 APU start attempts are inhibited above

英尺以上，不建议试图启动APU,而高度 25,000 feet with both busses off, only
在25000英尺以下，建议最多只启动一 one start attempt is allowed below
次。 25000 feet.

重要的是，在进行修理时采用正确的装 It is important that the correct

sequence of assembly is used when doing
配顺序，这将确保所有部件都正确对齐
。 a repair, this will make sure that all
parts are correctly aligned.

系统由相互关联的部件组合在一起，执 A system consists of related components

行一个特定的功能。 used to perform a specific function.

Each system is composed of basic

每个系统包括基本部件和所有仪表、机 components and all equipment, mechanic
械控制器，以及与系统有关的电气和液
controls and system related electric
压组件。
and hydraulic units.

After 10 flight cycles or 25 flight

如果杆端轴承的径向磨损大于0.010英
寸，在接下来的10个飞行循环或25个飞 hours, which comes first, the rod end
bearing shall be discarded if its wear
行小时内（先到为准）将其报废。
is greater than 0.010 inch of diameter.
 Review the failures report from the
查阅飞机记录本的故障记录以及中央DU logbook and related fault messages with
或CDU上的相关故障信息，听取机组反 center DU or CDU, debrief the flight
映的故障, 报告故障并处理。 crew for faults and report them for
handling.

在模拟高度时，确保ATC应答机处于备 To make sure that ATC transceivers are

in standby mode, you must simulate
用状态， 否则可能会意外地产生虚假
altitude, otherwise false TCAS signals
的TCAS目标。
may occur intermittently.

When a capital letter or a symbol is

当缩写词或符号作为计量单位时，将它 used for a unit of measurement, you
和前面的数字计为一个单词。 should take it and the number before it
as a word.

In some cases, for complex aircraft,

在某些情况下，尤其是对于复杂的飞机 special training should be conducted so
，可能需要针对飞机及其系统的适当维 that the aircraft and its systems can
修提供专门培训。
be maintained properly.

Operators should negotiate with their

营运人应与当地的管理当局协商，调整 local regulatory agency to adjust
间隔时间，使其最适合各自的运营环境
。 intervals to a best fit for their
individual operational environments.

The reason why long collocations make

长的名词词组也会让母语为非英语的读 non-native English readers confusing is
者感到困惑，因为在某些语言中，最重 that the key word is the first one in
要的名词是词组中的第一个名词。
the collocation in some languages.

Because pressurized air can blow

不要使用压缩空气清洁显示组件后面的 contamination away from the display
孔。压缩空气会将污染物吹入显示组件 unit, you should not use it to clean
内，这会造成设备损坏。 the holes behind the display unit in
order to avoid damaging the equipment.

Clean all lint, dust and debris from

清洁位于机长主飞行、导航和中下发动 the ventilation holes located on the
机显示组件后侧的通风孔处的所有棉绒 aft side of the captain's primary
、灰尘和碎屑。 flight, navigation, and center lower
engine display units.
选项B 选项C 集体答案
小程序答案
如果你看到变色，更换部件。 如果你看到有颜色，移除部件。 B

如果你发现了划痕，做具体的 如果你发现了裂纹，做适用的修理程序 C c
修理工作。 。
去除灰尘。 移除设备。 A a
轴向施加载荷。 周向释放载荷。 B
从机器的后部连接缆绳。 从仪器的后部断开电缆。 C

这些部件很容易焊接、损坏或 这些部件很容易焊接、断裂或不正确地
不正确地对齐。 装配。 A

转弯灯从熄灭变为暗亮。 航行灯从暗亮变为明亮。 C

在这种构型中，液压旁通这个
在这种型号中，水流旁通这个活门。 B
活门。
向后移动水平面。 向后移动手柄。 C
如果电子信号不清楚，调整波
如果广播信号不清楚，测试频率。 A a
长。
腐蚀可能有很多原因。 腐蚀可能有很多防腐措施。 B
工作方案的使用者是飞行员。 原理图的使用者是机务人员。 A

应包括电路、系统、单位等的 应包括圆形、系统、装置等的惰性 A
钝化/再激活处理。 化/再生程序。

文件必须易于修订。 文件必须容易阅读和看见。 B
安装连杆。 安装总管。 C c
该控制组件安装在驾驶舱后部
该控制组件位置在驾驶舱底部。 B b
。
检查封胶是否有缺损。 检查封严是否有缺失。 A a
轻轻握住圆柱体。 紧握住作动筒。 A
确保锁扣完全扣好。 确保机构完全连接。 B b
安装阀门和对应的封圈。 安装接头和相应的垫片。 A
数据库同步正在进行中。 数据库升级正在按顺序进行。 B
不要旋转螺母去校准它。 不要拧松螺母去对准它。 C
安装部件之前，给系统释压。 断开部件之前，给系统放气。 C

用尖锥去除密封剂。 用塑料刮刀去除封圈。 A a

该计算机控制燃烧室气流以防 该计算机控制压气机气流以防止失速。
C
止过热。
你可以停止启动程序任意次数 在任何时候，你都可以停止启动程序。
。 C c

拆除并报废开口销和螺帽。 拆除并破坏开口销和螺钉。 B
对表面区域做检查。 对内部区域做检查。 A
该图片显示了系统的结构。 该形状说明了系统的形式。 B b

我们建议你不要在车间里执行 我们推荐你不要在吊具上执行此过程。
A a
此程序。
在紧急情况下使用手动控制。 在紧急情况下使用手册来控制。 B b

仔细测量损伤区域。 仔细评估磨损区域。 A

这种调整的范围很重要。 这种测试的精度很重要。 A a

如果数值不同，请执行此测试
。 如果数值相同，请执行此测试。 B b

拆下位于泵上的活门。 拆下泵旁边的活门。 C
拧紧螺帽半圈。 拧紧螺帽一圈。 A
这表明您可以安装一个新的继
这表明您可以更换一个新的继电器。 A a
电器。

不要拆解或修理点火嘴。 不要组装或更换点火嘴。 B

通过活门的油液必须是透明的 通过活门的流体必须是连续的。 C c
。
重新安装保护盖来接近机械装 拆下保护盖来获得机器。
A
置。

用螺栓将面板固定在结构上。 用螺栓将面板固定在支架上。 B

如果跳开关闭合，则断开电路
如果跳开关拔出，则接通电路。 A
。
起落架伸出时，不要超过此速 起落架伸出时，不要低于此速度。 B
度。
所有人员必须充分了解安全规 所有人员必须充分了解逃生方法。 A a
定。

用一块软布把窗玻璃擦干净。 用一块软布把窗玻璃擦亮。 C

要拆下盖组件（9），首先要拆 要拆下螺母（9），首先要拆下这四个
下这四个螺钉（10）。 螺栓（10）。 B
确保没有遗漏。 确保没有泄漏。 C
裂缝的最大长度为5英寸。 刮痕的最大长度为5英尺。 B b
将旋转开关设置为输出。 将活动开关设置为输入。 A a

警告：取出探头时，不要让它 注意：当您取出指针时，不要让它们相 A
们相互接触。 互接触。

把断开的导线重新断开。 连接断开的导线。 C c
座椅安装在坐垫的前面。 在安装座垫之前先安装座椅。 C c
表在桌子上。 尺寸在图中显示。 A
确保着陆灯断开电门的电连接 确保着陆灯安全切断了开关电源连接。
B
是安全的。

检查拆下的零件是否损坏。 检查损坏的零件，判断是否要拆下。 B b

指示器的颜色变为绿色。 显示器的颜色变为绿色。 B b

一台发电机可以为所有系统供
电。 一台动力装置可以为所有系统供电。 B
遵守安全说明。 违背安全说明。 B
向上提起做动筒到安装位置。 提起并安装气缸到位。 A
燃油通过喷嘴进入雾化器。 燃油通过雾化器进入燃烧室。 C c

把钢索固定到结构上。 把电线系到结构上的电缆上。 A

当你修理附件时要避免部件运
当你修理组件时应防止部件移动。 C c
动。
写出三个单词以上的名词词组
。 写出的形容词词组要少于三个词。 A a

使用指定的工具封严开口。 端口可以使用特殊的工具封严。 B

垂直方向的清单使复杂的长句
垂直列表使复杂的长句子更容易理解。 C
子更容易理解。
在本服务通告中必须执行此程
此程序必须在此咨询通告中执行。 B
序。
拆下连接法兰到活门的四个螺 拆下连接法兰到阀盖上的四个螺丝。
C
帽。
如果两个探头互相接触，它们 如果探针互相撞击，它们就会被磁化。 A a
就会失效。
将来对单元的引用可以使用缩 后面可以参考组件的缩写。
A a
写。
那些指令是执行定期维护所必
这些指示必须进行有计划维修。 B
需的。

水平页面比垂直页面更适合所 垂直页面比水平页面更适合所有类型的
A
有类型的出版物。 材料。

此指令符合适航官方要求。 此规范适用于相关政府部门的要求。 A a

拧动螺栓，使其达到0.56和 将螺栓扭矩调到0.56m.daN和
A a
0.60m.daN力矩之间。 0.60m.daN。
转动卡箍以使管路自由移动。 转动卡箍以松开管路。 C c
给系统B和泵提供液压。 用泵给系统B提供液压。 C

操作升降舵6个行程。 全行程操作升降舵6次。 C

确保厨房柜已空。 确保卫生间已空。 B b

对于本程序来说，更多的人员 执行本程序需要超过一个人。
C c
要求是必要的。

将飞机放回到初始位置。 将飞机恢复到初始构型. C

小心使用易燃品。 使用化学材料要小心。 A a
清除该区域多余的密封胶。 在该区域内清理有害的密封剂。 B
不要使压缩空气吹到皮肤。 不要将压缩空气对准蒙皮。 A a

处理边缘有凹痕的零件时要戴 当接触边缘有锯齿的零件时要戴手套。
手套。 C

该指示器显示油箱中的液压油 该指示器显示加入油箱的油量。
B
量。

转动旋钮使显示消失。 转动把手以使显示器不再显示。 B
检查损伤及隔离区域。 对与损伤相连接的区域进行检查。 A

从油箱排出约2升液压油。 从油箱排出约2升燃油。 C c
不要在车间内进行这项程序。 不要在机坪上进行这项程序。 A a
计算带可用公式的压力。 用适用的公式计算压力。 C

确保表面没有灰尘。 确保表面没有油渍。 B

识别不同颜色的金属丝套筒。 用套筒来辨别电线的颜色。 A a
逆时针移动杆。 移动杆至对应方向。 A a
确保电缆的压力是正确的。 确保钢索的压力是正确的。 A

这个程序只适用于模拟方式。 这个程序仅适用于数字模式。 C

解释如何避免和注意燃油污染 解释如何避免和注意燃油泄漏。
B
。

维护信息需要持续提供。 维护信息需要不断更新。 C

其他信息可能会在盖板上留下
。 其他信息可能会显示在目录上。 A

除非很困难，否则接近和位置 除非很明显，否则接近和位置的说明会 C c
的说明会在此给出。 在此给出。
操作部件两个循环，排除管道 操作部件使空气两次循环，从管子上拆 B B
中的空气。 下。
移动张力表测量长电缆。 沿着钢索移动张力计。 C
用手动程序代替自动控制程序
完成操作。 尽可能使用手动程序取代自动控制。 A

如果在检查过程中拆卸了螺母
和垫圈，则应更换。不要重复 对拆下的螺母和垫圈要进行检查，损坏 B
使用。 的件不可以重复使用。

飞机已按照运营人要求或同等 飞机已按照制造商建议或同等标准进行
C
标准进行维护。 维护。

勤务工作需要飞机的信息，以 勤务需要相应的信息才可以给飞机提供
A
便提供适当的燃油和滑油。 足量的燃油和滑油。

如果安装了其中一个设备，则 如果安装了两个设备，需要说明其必要
B
说明它是否是必需的设备。 性。

这个子系统/节预留给航空公司 这个子系统/部分仅航空公司适用。
B b
使用。
冷却系统提供冷却空气控制客 冷却系统及其控制为客舱提供冷却空气
C
舱温度。 。
最多的操作都是有关那些关键 最关键的操作往往是对工作最重要的事
项目的。 项。 A

本规范是为减少失误而制定的 规范的制定是为了发展航空安全。
A
。
每个部分都要从右侧页面开始
。 每个部分都写在右侧页面上。 B b
缩写CAP是同意使用的一种方式 做为另外一种选择，可以使用缩写
C c
。 CAP。

做这个程序需要两个小时。 两个小时必须完成这个程序。 B
2秒后启动测试 2秒后终止测试 C
加入溶剂使油漆变得更稳定。 在油漆里加入更多溶液。 A

将杆的一端缠上线放入接头中 将杆的螺纹端放入接头中 C c

该规范包含小型的新材料和新
该规范几乎不包括新材料或新方法。 C c
方法。
如果其他地方提供了信息，则 如果其他地方提供了信息，则改版记录
A
改版记录是必选的。 是过期的。

为飞机长时间停用做准备。 准备好飞机做保留故障处理。 B a

目录页必须写日期但是不用写 目录页必须注明日期，但无需编号。 C
数量。

手册中的度量单位必须一致。 手册中的度量单位必须写明。 B

封面部分包括以下信息。 前言部分包括以下信息。 C

每本手册的前边都要提供有效 页码有效性应该列在每本手册的前言里
B b
页清单。 。

隔离引起故障的部分。 隔离这个部分会引起故障。 B a

针对严重问题将调整检查次数 针对严重问题将延长检查时间。 B b
。
对适用于该设计的测试结果进 重新得出适用于该设计的测试结果。
行了审查。 B

确保你移动了所有的工具和器 确保你报废了所有的工装。
材。 A a

为了获得正确的间隙，按需增 要获得正确的间隙，需要增加特定的垫
B
加特殊的垫片。 片。
不要在热的表面上使用密封剂
不要在热的漆面上使用除味剂。 A a
。

使用消耗器材是允许的。 允许使用替代材料。 C c

两次检查之间的最短时间是两 两次检查之间最多等待两分钟。 B
分钟。
不要拧紧螺母使其对齐。 不要松动螺栓使其对准。 A
校准倾斜仪，直到旋钮在中心 调整倾斜仪，确认气泡在中心。 A a
。
禁止加油软管撞到油箱的边缘 放油软管禁止碰到油箱的边缘。
B
。

把试验结果写在测试表上。 把校准结果写在校正表上。 C c

测试完成后可以操作机器。 检查完成后可以停止车辆。 A

金属物体会引起磁干扰。 金属材料会引起磁效应。 B b

告诉所有员工禁止在油箱处吸 告诉所有人员不要在油箱附近吸烟。
C
烟。
有些功能不可用。 有些系统不可用。 B b
如果燃油样本显示有多余水， 如果燃油样本显示有游离水，请排空系 C
请排空系统。 统。

这种更改的正确性很重要。 这种正确的调整是很重要的。 A
不要改变管道的长度。 不要改变管道的走向。 C c
给出适用于爆炸物品的安全说
给出已申请的爆炸物品安全说明。 B
明。
取一个燃油样品并测量其重力
取一个燃油设备并测量其比重。 A a
。
在你登上平台之前，确保它是
在你举起装备之前，确保它是安全 A a
安全

你可以透过检查孔看到电缆。 你可以通过端口检查电缆。 B

缓慢释放压力（每分钟不超过 缓慢增加压力（每分钟不超过一圈）。 C
一圈）。
将这个单元重组成两部分。 将这个部分拆分为两单元。 A
按图3所示顺序安装螺栓。 按图3所示顺序拧紧螺栓。 C

打开左（右）组件面板
打开左（右）接近面板L42（R42）。 C
L42（R42）。
为了扑灭可能发生的火灾，在 为了扑灭可能发生的火灾，在这些区域
这些区域安装了手提式灭火器 B
安装了固定灭火器。
。

复位短路测试开关。 松开短路测试开关。 C c

只传导很轻的压力到表面。 只对表面施加很轻的压力。 C

详细尺寸应显示在图纸上。 主要尺寸应显示在图纸上。 C
找出滑油溢出的源头。 找出燃油泄漏的源头。 C
叠加两个示数。 记录两条线索。 A
确保座舱压力保持不变。 确保座舱湿度保持稳定。 B
给轮胎充气。 给机轮充气。 A a
拆卸相应的泵。 更换故障泵。 C
确保封圈没有被腐蚀。 确保油路没有泄漏。 A a
找到腐蚀区域。 找到受损区域。 C c
在外壁板施加载荷。 在外壳上喷涂防锈剂。 A
慢慢地转动叶片。 慢慢地松开电门。 B
以100％的动力起动发动机。 以100％的功率运转发动机。 A
确保电缆的电压是正确的。 确保钢索的张力是正确的。 C

机体上有三个基准点。 机腹上有三个插孔。 A
确保螺母拧紧。 确保螺栓牢固。 B
仔细测量滑油的流速。 仔细测量滑油的密度。 A a
检查由损伤引起的腐蚀。 检查由腐蚀造成的损伤。 C

如果你发现了划痕，做具体的 如果你发现了裂纹，执行适用的修理程
修理工作。 序。 C
排除故障后，拆下标签。 出现故障后，拆下铆钉。 B b
从计算机的前部边缘安装数据
从计算机的后部安装电缆。 C c
线。
不要在没有呼吸保护措施的情 如果发现无呼吸，尽快使用保护设备。 B
况下使用酸液。
取下安全标签和闭合的跳开关
取下安全标签并闭合跳开关。 C c
。

将飞机恢复到通常状态 把飞机向后推到原来的位置。 B a

如果电信号没有被清除，重新 如果无线电信号没有被清除，重新调整
A a
调整频率。 频率。
腐蚀可能有很多原因。 修正的方法有很多。 B
工作图纸的使用者是维修人员
原理图用于机械专业。 A a
。
打破了一个金属测量值的记录
对所有厚度测量值做记录。 C
。
文件应该易于修订。 文件必须容易理解。 B
执行相关排故程序。 对有问题的的程序进行修订。 B b

任何特殊飞机所适用的规定都
必须遵守，尽管这些规定可能 FAR对特殊类型的飞机的所有规定都必
循遵照执行，不能偏离。 B
与引用的FAR不同。

总的来说，对飞机或系统的排 一般来说，在描述飞机或其系统时，应
故不受第三方的限制。 该使用第三人称。 C

手册设置的主题是为了方便飞 手册的主题中增加了在飞行中有用的顺
A a
行中的使用。 序安排。

修订应以FAR 21.50规定为基础 修订FAR 21.50规章的格式，应参考使

B b
，与其规范的格式一致。 用修订规范的格式要求。

包含信息的部分手册，作为对 对于其余非复杂项目，机身制造商将把
非复杂项目的说明提供给机身 信息作为手册的一部分。 C c
制造商。

如果扉页被折叠，页码必须可 当页面被折起，折叠页上可能会看到使
以看见。 用的编号。 A

当产品允许简单组合，制造商
还可能对其选择的相关系统进 当产品可以组合在一起，制造商还可以 A
选择对系统关联进行简要说明。
行分组。

英语通常不是技术资料编写者 英语通常不是技术资料修订者的本地语
A
常用语言。 言。

如果追踪到RAT，则缓慢并完全 如果RAT是收回状态，缓慢和完全展开
释放RAT，确保信号不与其他混 RAT，并确保它不碰到其他部件。 C
淆。
检查吊架结构是否有裂痕、损 检查吊架连接点是否有裂纹、损伤和磨
伤和磨损区域。 损区域。 C b

在主要部分中，作者可以使用 在基础部分中，作者可以使用字典中已
字典中已认可的词汇作为核心 核实过的词汇作为核心词。 A
词。
如果你认为会下雪，请确保车 如果你认为会下雪，请确保车速处于合
B
辆处于合适的配置。 适的范围之内。

该项检查能够发现发动机部件 该项检查用于在发动机低速运行时，检 C
或系统是否有渗漏。 查发动机部件或系统是否有渗漏。

留在部件上的密封胶能够引起
部件表面的颗粒可能引起磨损。 A
侵蚀。
将胶带缠绕在卷筒上。 将胶带粘贴在线圈上。 B
所有在此区域人员必须使用防
所有在此区域人员必须使用呼吸设备。 C c
护服。

使用油壶润滑松紧螺套。 使用油罐润滑锁扣。 B

为避免不必要的颗粒，将表面 为避免不必要的摩擦，将表面抛光。
C c
清洁。

转动扇形盘之前，取下销子。 转动轮毂之前，拆下销子。 A
使用棍子搅拌材料。 使用铲子混合材料。 C c
螺柱的突起不得超过5mm。 螺纹的长度不得超过5mm。 A a
绕其圆心旋转此杆。 绕其轴线旋转此轴。 C
准确调整陀螺仪。 调整罗盘的精度。 B
划痕没有穿透保护层。 划痕没有贯穿保护膜。 B

如果重叠超过 0.1 mm，则重新 如果间距超过 0.1 mm，则重新调整零 B b

组装零件。 件。
只有当EEC有电时，EGT才显示
。 当EEC有电时，只有EGT显示。 B
该组件增压和过滤油液。 该组件增压和旁通油液。 B
确保刹车蓄压器的氮气增压压 确保液压蓄压器的氮气的灌充程序是正
A a
力是正确的。 确的。

检查盒子里内有无遗漏物品。 为了找到丢失的东西需要检查盒子。 B a

可用燃油是指可供飞行计划使 飞行计划使用的燃油包含可用燃油。
B b
用的燃油。

确保顺时针转动旋钮。 确保你要逆时针转动控制旋钮。 C c

钻孔至半径达到8.00+/-0.003 钻孔至直径达到8.00+/-0.003微米。
A
毫米。
门的主要成分是碳纤维复合材
门是由碳纤维增强塑料制成的。 C
料。
如果部件掉落，可能会造成永 部件永久性的损坏可能是由掉落造成的
B b
久性的损坏。
只有经过批准的人才可以呆在 未经批准人员只能短时间在此区域停留 B b
这个地区。 。

用一些附加螺丝固定组件。 用一些辅助螺丝临时组装组件。 C

厂家不能省略适用于其产品的 生产商可以选择其产品的相应系统
A
系统。
在修改基本文件时，应提供相
当修改基本文件时，应尽可能提供适当
应的修订页面和相关的有效页 B
的修改页面和有关的有效页面清单。
面列表。
系统是为执行某一特定功能而
系统是将一系列部件安排在一起，为了
安排的相互关联的部件的组合 B a
完成某一特定功能。
。

附着点的位置和转弯半径应包 插图显示连接点的位置还包括转弯半径
A
括插图。 。

通过修正实际速度尽可能保持
速度-姿态修正系统通过修正速度的影
飞机安全飞行高度的任务由速 C c
度-高度纠错系统完成。 响，自动保持安全的飞行姿态。

这个数据模块告诉你如何计算 这个数据组件告诉你如何操作这个装置
C c
这个单元。 。

本规范参考了各种FAA条例。 本规范称作FAA的各种规章。 B
分解这个单元。 更换这个元件。 A a
使方向舵移动更慢些。 确保升降舵移动缓慢。 C
校正张力。 正确的拉力。 B b
更换部件，磨损已超过最小限 拆卸元件，磨擦已超过最大限度。 A b
度。
安装较大的螺栓。 组装较大的螺钉。 B
把两端和软管串起来。 把孔的两端连接起来。 A
将面板移动到位。 将脚蹬移动到位。 B
用刷子搅拌油漆。 用刷子涂油漆。 C c
这种密封胶在华氏109度时燃烧
这种混合物在华氏109度时气化。 B
。
磨削管道并检查。 检查管道是否磨损。 C c
目视检查组件来确定损坏的部 目视检查组件来确定损坏的程度。 C
位。

在标签上标注章节号或标题。 标记所有标签以及章节编号或标题。 B

对所有维修过的产品进行仔细 对所有维修过的产品进行初始检查。
C
检查。
不允许任何人进入飞机做功能 在做功能测试期间，任何人不得接近飞
C
测试。 机。
保持安静以避免混淆声音的信 保持安静以避免丢失声音信号。
A a
号。
使用正确的设备去做这项检查 使用正常的设备去做这项检查而不是
B
而不是目视检查。 目视检查。
阐明我们所使用的所有方法都 确保我们所使用的所有方法都满足适航
C
满足适航要求。 要求。
将备用电源开关安装到P5-5板 将P5-5板上的气动电源电门设置到关
A
上并设置到关位。 位。

确保测试区域没有人。 确定任何人可以进入考试区域。 B

输出控制组件的压力，该组件 控制组件出口压力值不能稳定在正确压
C
不能稳定在正确压力范围。 力范围。
辅助燃油箱通常是可拆卸的油
箱 辅助燃油箱是常规的可拆卸的油箱。 B
当这种情况发生时，将自动使 当这种情况发生时，人工打开第9级引
B
用第9级引气。 气。

1 / 32是分数的一个例子。 一分三十二秒是片段的长度示例。 B

应急关闭不包括组件本身。 临时关停不包括他们的部门。 B b

在一个新的段落开头，应该让
当一个新的段落开始，应该让读者读到
读者了解这段中是否有任何更 新的或不同的信息 A
新的信息。
“紧急程序”应该是由红色塑 “紧急程序”应有一个红色塑料分隔标
C c
料板做成分隔页。 签。

当在相反方向上施加压力大于 当施加压力操作活门时，用力超过设定
B
设定值时，它就会工作。 值活门反向活动。

安全指令的拟定要清晰、简明 发出清晰、简单的指示或给出条件以启
或符合条件。 动安全指令。 A

在得到出版商的书面许可后， 未经出版商书面许可，本文件的任何部
本文件的任何部分都可以复制 分都不得以任何形式复制。 C c
。

确保指示与襟翼的位置一致。 确保那些迹象同意襟翼的位置 B

操作者可能使用标准的ABC情况
报告单或采用等效的信息替代 操作者会使用符合ABC标准的情况报单
或符合同等条件的相同信息。 A
。

该系统向飞行员显示与航道和 这个系统是显示飞行员飞行与航道和下 B b
下滑道的偏差。 滑道的偏差。

使用警告、注意事项和说明来 警告、注意和注释可以用来突出或强调
C
着重强调重要事项。 重要的要点。

辅助空气是系统变化的一部分 补充空气是系统中变化和控制的部分系
，它可以控制补充空气的排气 统，补充空气流向排气系统。 A
量。

为了达到这些要求，可能限制 为达到这些要求，可能考虑限制纸张的
C
纸质隔板使用。 厚度。

特殊用途设备 - 这一章应包括 特种设备 - 该章节应加入这样的设备

这些设备和系统，不包括前面 和系统而不是前述所有章节。 A a
的章节。

对于通用航空飞机子系统，第 查找通用航空飞机子系统，第10和20章 B b
10和第20部分可以合并。 可以结合参照。

制造商应该提供适当的附加信 制造商提供的附加信息应该是适当的，
息，这些信息在第5.3或5.41段 A a
的指令中显示出。 并便如第5.37或5.41段相关指令中。

仅突出显示了主要的变更。 只显示了大部分的变更。 B b
注释和相关示例做了保留。 删除了注释和列举了的示例。 A
这灯发出微弱的光。 这灯发出了亮光。 B
清洁包括表面在内的容器。 从里清洁容器表面。 A a
允许使用2毫米的价值。 允许使用2毫米的值。 C
两个人来做这个工卡是必须的
最少需要两个人来做这个工作。 A
。
笔记本电脑有三个主要部分。 这个螺钉有三个主要部分。 B b
在此过程中，使用12英尺扳手
在此过程中，使用12英寸扳手手柄。 C c
手柄。

使得盖板处于打开位。 确保作动筒处于打开位置。 C

将线圈放在导线上以将其固定 将线圈放在电缆上以将其固定到位。 A
到位。
有两种方法将环形螺母放到蝶 有两种方法来固定环形螺母。
C c
形盘上。

仪表显示油箱已满。 指示器显示油箱已满。 B

将发射器放在主体组件上。 将传感器放在主体组件上。 C c

在另一个人的帮助下安装盖子
。 在另一个人的帮助下安装螺帽。 B b

保证扫描仪检测金属物体。 安全扫描缺损金属物体。 A

这些封严块的性能可阻止碰撞 这些溶液的性质可防锈。
。 A

夹具必须贴合导轨上的洞。 紧固件必须和滑轨内的孔对准。 C

字母是白色背景下哑光黑色的 书信需要黑白复印件。
B
。
小心地移除调整片，用其他的带子盖上
小心地从胶带上拆除装饰盖。 。 B

确保发电机平稳运行。 确保生产者顺利操作。 B b

节流阀的快速运动将造成抽吸 快速移动节气门将造成通气。 A
现象。
增加更多气源是有必要的。 如有必要，添加更多汽油。 A
将套筒放在支杆上。 把吊环钩在钩环上。 C

如果测试没有给出满意的结果 如果测试结果不满足，启动故障探测程
B b
，执行故障隔离程序。 序。

间歇地检查机翼油箱。 给油箱做深入式测试。 A a
在两条线的交点上钻一个孔。 通过孔洞排空两条管路。 B

你能躲在座椅下面的空间来逃 你可以将救生衣装在座椅下方的空间内
C c
生。 。

后缘襟翼超过25个单位。 前缘襟翼超过25个单位。 B

两个传感器位于后锁连杆的顶
两个探测器在杆锁定位的后上方。 B b
部。
以下表格显示该数据。 后面的桌子上放着数据。 B
安装前先把润滑油进行密封。 在设备前面密封润滑油。 A
对滑油进行分析。 已经分析了滑油。 B
发现新的排故方法。 找到新的排故程序。 C
用温水冲洗该区域。 用温水清洗该区域。 A
防止液压油腐蚀O形封圈。 用液压油润滑O形封圈。 C

降低天线以接近电缆接头。 降低风向标以接近钢索接头。 B b

松开螺钉，将卡箍固定到支架
松开将卡箍固定到支架上的螺钉。 C
上。
按手册重写起动顺序。 手动覆盖起动序列。 A
对2号发动机进行大修。 对2号发动机进行校验。 B
不要使用其他未经批准的动词
不要使用其他未经批准的动词词组。 B
时态。
打开电路接头。 拔出跳开关。 C
移动残留的防渗漏剂。 清除剩余的密封胶。 C c
下一次检查间隔是基于本次检
下一次检查重点是基于本次检查结果。 B b
查结果。
该系统要测试上一航段的不正 在上一航段里该系统被测试为运行不正
常运行。 常。 A

了解法规的要求对于飞机维修 在飞机维修活动中，遵守法规是非常重
C
来说非常重要。 要的。

微处理器卡可以互换。 微处理器卡可以改变。 B

将从排气系统返回油箱的燃油 排放通风系统里剩余燃油,返回油箱。 A
排出。
点火组件是由来自风扇涵道的 加热组件是在风扇涵道的空气里进行冷 B
空气进行冷却的。 却的。
当发现金属痕迹时，必须检查 当发现金属碎屑时，必须检查相应的泵
所有的泵。 。 C

他移开进入面板检查生锈的管 他拆掉了近进盖板看到了腐蚀了的管路
道。 。 B

确保束缚杆没有装在地板上的 确保束缚杆没有与在地板上的逃离滑梯
A
逃离滑梯支架上。 支架对齐。

必须对该系统进行排故以防止 该系统必须被限动，以防止反推意外工
反推操作故障。 作。 C

在APU运转过程中，检查滑油温 在APU运转过程中，检查滑油温度传感
C
度传感器的滑油渗漏程度。 器有无滑油渗漏迹象。

此索引帮助您找到与不同特定 此指数可以帮助您找到不同于特定主题
主题相关的适用STE规则。 相关的适用STE规则。 B b

该索引指本部分的全部大部分 该内容包括那个部门的全部或大部分规
A
规则。 则。

写作规则包括语法和文体方面 写作规则包括语法和文体细则。字典给
。字典给出了撰写人可以使用 B b
出了撰写人可以使用的全体词汇。
的一般词汇。
通气油箱排放检查活门也帮助1
通气油箱排放单向活门也允许燃油从1
号和2号主油箱燃油流到通气油 A
号和2号主油箱流到通气油箱。
箱。
关断待检查的空调管道中的气
在空调管道中阻断气流为检查做准备。 B
流。
飞机利用通风系统将空气排出
机外。 通风系统利用压差将空气排出飞机。 C c

在可能和实际的情况下，语言 在切实可行的情况下，STE字典和规则
和写作风格要遵守STE的规则和 B
要遵守其语言及书写风格。
字典。

隔离部件产生了故障。 引起故障的部分已经被隔离。 A

一些词性缩写的变化与标准缩 更新标准缩写使其满足一些词性缩写变
A
写一致。 更的要求。

去除转接板接合面周围的底漆 拆卸转接板来去除接合面周围的面漆。
B
涂层。

如果获得的认证多于一个类别 如果在一个以上的类别中获得认证，则
，则每一类别的重量均须加以 各类别重量，连同任何相关限制，都应 C c
限制。 针对各类别给出。

手册的起草者可以将异常情况 手册的生产商可以根据异常情况决定是 A
编入此章节。 否将其编入此章节。

飞机可根据制造商发布的最新 根据厂家最近出版的维修信息对飞机进
信息进行维修。 行修理。 B

应使用鉴定和译码系统帮助排 为了便于排故、电路维修和部件更换， C c
故、电路修理和附件更换。 应使用标识和编码系统。

确保沿接触面边缘持续涂抹封 确保封严胶沿接触面边缘不断挤出。
C
严胶。

在此推荐清单中，起落架收放 此推荐清单不能用于起落架放下系统部
系统和适用的指示系统没有可 件更换但适用于指示系统。 B
更换的部件。

确保交流电已连接，并且P36面 确保P36面板上的“交流已连接”指示
板上的“未使用”指示灯处于 A
灯点亮，但其并未使用。
点亮状态。

检查节流孔，避免流量控制管 检查流量控制孔，确保节流孔无堵塞和
C c
路发生堵塞和出现污染物。 污染。

STE是一种生活的语言，需要用 STE是一种活的语言，需要用户的输入
A
户的培育来不断验证。 来不断应用。

一定要使用这些词的批准的意 一定要用这些词来表达他们认可的方法 B b
思。 。

列出的技术员名称只是示例。 列出的技术名称只是示例。 C c
这不是所有可能的技术名称的 这不是所有可能的技术员名称的完整列
A
完成列表。 表。
把备份文件放在安全的地方。 把备份文件放在安全的柜子中。 B b
笔记本电脑有以下初级部件 笔记本电脑有以下仿制部件 A
在两个清洗器之间安装垫片。 在两个垫圈之间安装垫片。 C
按照紧固件来申请润滑脂。 给紧固件涂上油脂。 C c
未经允许不得进入发动机试车 未经批准，请勿进入发动机测试控制中
B
区域。 心。
将零件送至大修商店。 将部件送到大修车间。 C c
在外面放置一块复合材料薄片
将一块强化塑料置于部件表面。 A
。

确保发射机正确发送信号。 确保转换器正确接收信号。 A a

务必仅由授权人员操作刹车。 授权人员只能按要求操作刹车。 B

确保锁定螺母接触弹簧。 确保弹簧顶紧锁螺母。 B b
给堵头磅力矩至6牛米。 测量堵头拧紧力为6牛顿米。 B
机身后段顶部安装有垂尾。 垂直安定面安装在机身尾段顶部。 C

显示器左上角的数字代表手册
对应页码。 显示器左上角的数字代表相关页面。 C
误差为正负0.2毫米。 标准公差尺寸为正负0.2米。 B
为了安装指示器，应将其向后 安装指示器时将其向前移动。
移动。 A

必须测量压力下降时间。 压力下降所需时间是可以测量的。 A

咔哒声的时间间隔必须为20秒 必须将咔哒声的时间间隔调整为20秒。 B b
。

确保锁定线束绷紧。 确保保险丝有张力。 C

在增压测试期间，确保舱门关
闭。 进行水压测试时，确保舱门关闭。 B

确保管路渗漏出的油液没有气 确保液压油通过管路，且没有产生气泡
A
泡。 。
应正确指出与其他系统的联系 应注明与其他系统的关系。
A
。
后一种情况时，标题应为“飞 后一种情况时，标题应为“机长操作手
B b
行员操作手册”。 册”。
临时装订的手册页无需注明日 临时装订的手册页无需注释。
期。 A c

测试后再次移动连杆。 检查后再次调节连杆。 C c

跳开关位于组件侧面。 跳开关安装在组件的后部。 C c

找出错误显示的原因。 找出错误显示的位置。 B

记录对蒙皮封严进行的所有修 记录对蒙皮损伤进行的所有处理。
A a
理。
如果故障定期出现，进行系统 如果故障随机出现，进行操作测试。 B
测试。
确保厕所马桶正常工作。 确保厨房组件正常工作。 A

执行以下程序。 执行以上程序。 B
确保杆之间有合适的角度。 确保杆之间有足够的间隙。 C c

保护涂层将防止锈蚀达6个月。 保护漆将保护腐蚀达6个月。 A a

STE对技术翻译来说是宝贵的支
STE是对技术文件理解的宝贵支持。 B
持。
如果情况发生改变，则使用不 如果意思有变化，则使用不同的结构。 C
同的建筑物。
技术动词只能用作动词，不能 技术动词和动词的用法相同，与名词不
B
用作名词。 同。

分散系统有这些功能。 分配系统有这些功能。 C c

为卫生间和厨房提供暖气。 为卫生间和厨房提供通风。 C c

乘客空调分配从混合总管处获 乘客空调分配从混合软管处获得空气。
得空气。 B

这个能使推力管理更好，并且 这个能使更好的推力被应用，并且能够
A a
能够减少燃油吸收。 减少燃油消耗。

用重置按钮以重置运行时间。 用重置按钮以重置格林威治时间。 B

座椅长度锁装置控制座椅长度 座椅高度锁机械装置控制座椅高度。 C
。

有必要持续清理过滤器。 有必要定期清理过滤器。 C c

两个半导体的金属圈控制空气 两个半圆形的金属圈控制空气流。
流。 A

小心损坏火墙盖子。 核心必须要带走以不损坏防火墙罩。 A a

它有一个简单的轴承并且以恒 它有单轴并且以恒定速度运转。
C c
定速度运转。
拧紧这些同轴接头（用手上紧 拧紧这些同线路接头（用手上紧少1/8
少1/8转） 转） A

在飞行舱的控制允许选择温度 驾驶舱的控制允许选择温度和流动方向
和流速。 。 B

封面在下面的时候，是开关在 盖子朝下的时候，是开关在开位的保险
A
开位的保险。 。

机组能用飞行指引指令来控制 机组能用飞行指引指令来控制飞机的姿
C c
飞机的高度。 态。

所有版本号和日期都应该从页 所有改版次数和日期都应从页面上删除
B
面上删除。 。

每页都应有页码和日期或改版 每页都应有页码，并且日期或改版信息 A
日期。 在底部。
确保这个区域的设备都已打扫
确保那台设备在这个区域里是收好的。 A a
干净。

对简单部件不需要描述就可以 对相对容易的部件可以不需要描述和操 A
操作和/或排故。 作，只需要排故信息。

在紧急情况下可以向乘务人员
提出问题。 在紧急情况不要向乘务人员提出问题。 A

对非FAA批准的飞机飞行手册， 在非FAA批准的飞行手册中要包括以下
B b
做如下声明。 声明。

在某些情况下，导线的颜色是
喷涂上去的，在线路图上标出 在某些情况下，线路图上会标出以颜色 A
区分的导线分布情况。
了。
导航系统信息在辅助飞行显示
器显示。 导航系统信息在主维修显示器显示。 A a

当本节很显著标示出适航限制 本节应在显著位置包括一份清晰的声明
部分，这说明FAA批准了其影响 ，说明适航限制部分的影响是FAA批准 A
。 的。

在航空器上执行适航指令时， 适航指令必须是对飞机维修有用的程序
A a
必须阅读本程序。 。

检查所有的部件, 液力接头和 连接全部零件和液力管路。 B

连接管路。

每句话仅写一条指令，除非有 每条指令除非有两个或更多的动作同时
两个或更多的动作同时发生。 发生，否则仅用一句话写出。 B

在接近跑道过程中，飞行员必 在接近跑道过程中，航向指示器的偏差
须朝着航向指示器偏航指针的 指针向飞行员显示飞机必须向哪个方向 C c
方向飞行。 飞行。

一个铸造结构的发动机安装在 一个整体发动机安装在所有现代飞机上
现代飞机上。 。 A a
将排放活门置于油箱下方。 将容器从排放活门下方移开。 A
检查底部蒙皮盖板和机身有无
检查机身底部蒙皮盖板有无裂纹。 C
裂纹。
为防止不必要的磨损，对表面 对表面进行抛光以防止不必要的磨损。
C
进行打磨修理。
确保压力小于30磅每平方英寸
确保压力不高于30磅每平方英寸。 B
。
如果滑阀表面粗糙，则将其更 如果活门表面粗糙，则更换其滑动桶。
B b
换。
小心地合上铝片。 小心地打开钢片。 A
安装钢索，将其穿过座舱地板 通过驾驶舱地板下方的导管安装线束。 B
下方的导管。

恒温固化密封胶。 常温下确保密封胶固化。 B

对于非指令运动，需要使用该 出现非指令运动时，对系统进行测试。
C
系统进行测试。

确保两个作动筒同时伸出。 确保同时放出两个活塞。 A c
泵的控制电门可以对误操作进 泵的控制电门上的保护装置可以防止意
C
行保护。 外操作。

确保皮肤未被侵蚀。 确保蒙皮未划伤。 A

更换发动机时，你可以安装大
在发动机安装时可能更换大量部件。 C
量部件。

使用车辆断开牵引杆。 将牵引杆从车辆端脱开。 C

不要使用未知性能的燃油。 不要使用性能未知的油液。 B

保留地板护盖上残存的溶剂。 去除地板护盖上剩余的溶剂。 A

确保更换的部件尺寸正确。 确保更换的部件位置正确。 B

检查后发现有损伤。 如有损伤迹象，进行检查。 A a

把拆下的零件放在隔离的表面 将拆下的零件放在干净的表面上。 C
上。

计量塞改变滑油流量。 计量塞减少燃油流量。 C c

错误连接会造成损伤。 损伤的原因是松散连接。 B

如果那里无异物，重新开始操 重新开始操作后，无污染物。
A
作。
用干净的布擦表面。 用干布擦表面。 B b
冲洗元件四个小时。 打磨元件四个小时。 A a
戴上护目镜以防止伤害眼睛。 放在护目镜上以避免灼伤眼睛。 B
依次执行这两个程序。 同时做这两个步骤。 C
确保没有关断控制电源。 确保没有连接控制电缆。 A

在勤务液压系统之前，将其隔
在增压液压系统之前，先将其隔离。 B
离。

修复有腐蚀的表面。 修复有划痕的表面。 C

1号和2号发动机为其对应的机 1号和2号发动机为相关的机翼释放热空 B
翼提供热空气。 气。

它给出了制造商建议的零件或 它说明了制造商推荐零件或组件的报废
C c
组件退役时间。 时间。

将起落架轮子接合到键轴上。 将传动装置接合到轴键上。 A a

对准钻头，直到它与表面垂直
。 安装钻头，直到它与表面平齐。 B
不要使电缆扭结。 不要使导线绞缠。 B b
如果油箱中的油量过多，可能 如果油箱中的油量不足，可能会使泵损 C
会使泵损坏。 坏。
确保阻力支柱不会遮蔽起落架 确保阻力撑杆不会阻碍起落架。
A
。
不要安装厚度超过0.02 mm的填
不要安装高度超过0.02 mm的衬垫。 B b
隙片。
将天线穿过基座顶部。 将天线穿过插槽顶部。 C c

隔离电路的故障部分。 断开电路的失效成分。 B b

如果活门已经开启，停止测试
如果活门的开启时机未到，停止测试。 A a
。
使用规定的滑油，补充滑油箱
。 使用预订的滑油，冲洗滑油箱。 B b
检查探头以确定是否堵塞。 仔细检查管道以清除堵塞。 A
使用扭力扳手按顺序拧紧螺栓
使用扭矩扳手逐步拧紧螺栓。 C
。
解释如何识别潜在问题和处理
可能的问题和紧急情况需要得到解释。 B
紧急情况。
所有附录都可以发给涵盖在手
所有补充材料都可以发给手册所涵盖的
册中的所有型号飞机的所有持 飞机机型的全部所有者。 C
有者。

不要拆卸定位销，除非符合持 直到符合持续适航检查编号5340-04的
续适航检查编号5340-04的要求 要求才能拆下定位销。 B b
。

双面打印除线路图外的的所有 除了折叠的线路图外，双面打印所有页
A
折页。 面。

因为动词和形容词在句子中的 单词在句子中的位置可以告诉你它的功
位置不同，你可以根据单词的 能以及它的意思，因为动词和形容词有 C c
作用和意思来确定它的位置。 不同的位置。

最大极限运行速度是指飞机在 最大极限运行速度是指飞机在正常飞行
正常飞行中不能超过的速度限 中不能缓慢超过的速度限制。 A a
制。
不能使用缩写直到它们有通用 除非缩写具有普遍意义，否则不得使用
意义。 缩写。 C

变更表格的发起者通常会被通 相关的STEMG评估和决定会告知发起者
知相关的STEMG评估和决定。 表格进行了变更。 B

页码在左下角，颁发日期在右 颁发日期在右上角，页码在左下角。
A
下角。

手册修订是指对其内容进行升 修订是指对现有手册中信息的修改。
C c
级更新。

气压降低，而导致机轮冷却。 气压降低的同时，而轮胎逐渐冷却。 A
在刀刃上画一行。 在叶片上画一条线。 C c
打开剩下的通道，以方便访问 通过右边的开口，以方便访问。
A
。
逐渐升高温度。 瞬时升高温度。 B b
更换有磨损的隔热毯。 更换有晃动的绝缘板。 B

重叠接头使加固板强度更大。 加强板可以增加搭接处的强度。 C

这是一个很好的除漆程序。 这是一个很好的调色计划。 B
确保装置满足要求。 确保组件是令人满意的。 A a

安装螺栓时不要用太大的力。 不要用太大的力来拧紧螺栓。 C c

对于和本规范相抵触的重大意 应发布符合本规范的重要议题。 A a
见应予以公布。

词组在英语中通常有许多难的
单词在英语中通常有许多难的含义。 A
意思。
将电缆剪成三等份那么宽。 将钢索剪成等长的三段。 C
这个装置的主要功能是控制燃 这个组件的辅助功用是控制燃油流动。 B
油流量。
打磨表面，直到它非常薄。 在表面非常薄之前润色它。 A a
手臂对着的位置是开关的通常
位置。 该电门通常放置在预位位置。 C

飞行开始30秒后可以进入空中 当探测到空中模式超过30秒, 飞行开始

C c
模式。 。

驾驶舱从左侧空调组件和混气 驾驶舱从左侧空调组件和混合总管获得
总管获得空调空气。 增压空气。 B b

空气通过立管和上方管壁流入 空气通过立管和上方侧壁流入头顶分配
头顶交输总管。 导管。 C

前、后货舱电子组件是可识别 前、后客舱电子组件是可用的。
A a
的的。
某些词会有注释告诉你使用其 某些词会有注释告诉你使用其他批准的
他批准的更佳的词汇或不同的 替代词汇或不同的形式。 C
结构。

制造商建议在通风良好的区域 制造商强调良好的气流区域可以制备混
B b
制备混合物。 合物。

使用不同的扳手拧紧螺栓。 拧螺栓时使用不同的扭矩。 A

当您施加液压时，确保连杆不 当您使用液压时，确保操纵杆不接触止
B
接触止动块（1）。 动块（1）。

根据故障修理手册进行恢复性 根据勤务手册进行翻新修理，对损伤部
修理，对损伤部位填充BMS-287 A
位填充BMS-287填充剂。
填充剂。

左大翼二号油箱接近门变形。 左大翼二号油箱入口门脱落。 B

机身站位360处的地板梁有重度 机身站位360处的地板梁有中度腐蚀（
腐蚀（长2英寸，半径1英寸） 长2英寸，直径1英寸）。 C
。

根据标准施工手册及结构修理 根据标准施工手册及结构修理手册的程
B
手册的要求用轮挫磨去毛刺。 序除去杂质。

前外机身勤务门止动点失效。 前外机身勤务门止动点凸起。 C
不要用手阻止低压压气机的运
不要用手移动低压压气机。如果这样做
动。如果这样做，低压压气机
，低压压气机可能会导致人身伤害并损 B
可能会导致人身伤害并损坏设 坏设备。
备。

风扇有保护电门用以防止风扇
风扇有热电门用以避免风扇过热受损。 C
过度受损。

当该区域足够凉时，抛光表面
当该区域足够凉时，喷涂表面。 B b
。
顺时针快速地旋转扰流板控制
逆时针快速地控制副翼操纵机轮。 A
手轮。
释放弹簧的张力。 调整弹簧的伸缩。 B
用新的滑油灌洗油箱。 给油箱注入新的滑油。 C
提取出复合物的两部分。 分离出混合物的两部分。 A
客舱空气污染是一个重要的问
处理机舱空气是个重要的问题。 B
题。

最小容差为5mm。 允许的平均偏差为5mm. A a

将配件装到液压试验器上。 将接头连接到液压测试台。 C

不要印在扉页的背面。 不要在标题页后面涂改。 B

应说明能使用的燃油总容量。 应计算总体积和可用燃油量。 A

画出娱乐面板的示意图或图片
提供仪表板的图纸或图片。 C c
。
释放系统压力。 解除系统警告。 B
如果发现松动的页面，使用“ 如果是活页形式，使用“标准”或常用
C c
标准”或通用的装订页。 的页面大小。
如果变压器有燃油泄漏，则进 如果传感器有燃油泄漏，则进行修理。 A
行修理。
步骤2仅出现在于天气潮湿的情 工卡2仅适用于天气潮湿的情况。 A a
况。

使用溶剂时穿上防护服。 使用易感染物品时穿上防护服。 B

确保部件安装正确。 确保齿轮是正确的安装。 A

连接电源时，不要打开房门。 连接电源时，不要打开壳体。 C

操作后绞盘的人，必须锁定固 操作后法兰盘的人，必须锁定固定装置 B
定装置。 。

在最宽处测量凹坑的宽度。 在最宽处测量刮痕的宽度。 A

过滤器可防止系统中的部件受 填充剂可防止系统中的部件受到污染。 B b
到污染。
残留在零件上的油液会导致腐 残留在零件上的溶剂会导致穿孔。
A
蚀。
用标记识别曲柄和轴，以阻止 用标记识别手柄和轴承，以防止安装错
A
安装错误。 误。
用脱脂剂除去油和油脂。 用脱脂代表除去油和油脂。 B

你可以对这些条款使用不同的 你可以对这些条款使用等效的替代。 C c
替代。
这是最接近的值。 这是无限接近的最大值。 A
在钻孔之前，确保钻头的尖端
锋利。 在钻孔之前，确保电锯的尖端锋利。 B b

塑料罩被安装在座椅导轨上， 塑料罩被安装在座椅导轨上，以覆盖经
B
以覆盖暴露的导轨部分。 过处理的导轨部分。

将失效件放置到位。 将整流罩放置到位。 C c
使用不含油的解决方案。 使用的滑油里面不能有溶液。 A
将温度计校准到华氏温标。 调整摄氏温标的温度计。 A c

将操作结果写在正确的表格里 将校准结果写在校正表上。
C c
。
外流活门的人工位置是全开位 将外流活门人工置于全开位。
。 C

增压器是一个四级压气机风扇 风扇是一个四级增压器的压气机。
A
。
风扇使气流加速。 风扇增加气流压力。 B
一个整流锥把气流分成两部分 一个分流整流罩把气流分成两部分。
。 C

第4号轴承支撑N2轴的后部。 第4号轴承支持N2轴的前部。 B

有24片宽弦合金钢风扇叶片。 有弦宽为24的钛合金风扇叶片。 A

所有控制发动机和燃油的部件 所有发动机的滑油控制部件都在发动机
A
都在发动机上。 上。
燃油流经HMU和燃油流量传感器 从燃油流量传感器出来的燃油流到 A
。 HMU。
燃油计量活门测量2个分析仪的 2个分析仪定位燃油计量活门的位置。 A a
位置。
告诉A撤除轮挡。 告诉一个人去拆卸机轮。 B B
做疲劳试验。 做渗漏测试。 C
如果温度经常改变，在部件上 如果人为地频繁改变，在部件上贴上封
A
铺上覆盖物。 签。
测量硅胶吸收水分所需的时间
计算硅钢片浇注成形的时间。 B b
。
为了更容易地放置插销取出器 为了易于拆卸销钉，手动将罩盖先朝一
，将容器人工地对准一个方向 个方向转动，然后再朝另一个方向转动 C
，然后再调整到其他方向。 。

为了阻止热量损伤副翼，地面 为防止热损坏缝翼，地面测试在30秒后
C c
测试在30秒后自发停止。 自动停止。

目前的服务通告清单在手册级
正式的勤务通告单由人工搜集。 B a
别编制。
慢慢控制支架，直到前起落架 除非前起落架缓冲器被压缩，不然需要 A
的减震器稳定。 慢慢地操作面板。

给飞机电路通电。 重新连接飞机的电路。 A
机组在推出期间通过转弯手轮 机组在用方向盘后退期间控制飞机方向
B b
控制飞机方向。 。

在地面上通过系留点贴上警示
将绳索通过系留点连接到地面。 C c
带。
它应该被包含在内且能够复制 它应该是自包含的，且能应用于其他检
其他的检测信息。 测。 A a

根据可能的指令在每个问题中 将这些部分在潜在订单的问题中列举出
A a
列出这些部分。 来。
为便于参阅，这些隔页签应交 为引用方便，这些调整片分配器应该被
B b
错排列。 储存好。

拧紧螺母，但要保持足够宽松 要保持螺帽被拧紧，使你的手无法拧松
B b
度，便于用手可以取下它。 它们。

更小的损坏不具备修理条件。 一个稍小得损坏允许不带有修理方案。 A a

工作区域内必须有好的空气流
一定会有好的空气流通工作区域。 B b
通。
在焊接过程中，请使用保护罩 在焊接的程序中有使用防护屏的要求。
B
。
在测试后期要监控速度的持续 持续监控速度指示至测试结束。 C c
性。
压力堵塞和摆动可以造成软管 压力骤然上升和晃动会使软管分层。
老化。 A

打开客舱入口的一扇门，确保 打开通往客舱的一扇门以保证通行没有
客舱没有增压。 压力。 B

如果下列某一种化合物要用在 如果下列化合物之一用在紧固件上，则
紧固件上，则力矩需参考“润 需使用“经润滑的紧固件”扭矩值。 C
滑紧固件”。

确保P5-10空调面板上的L和R 确保P5-10面板上的L和R PACK在OFF位

PACK开关处于OFF位置。 时，空调按钮在关闭位。 B

如对本要求的适用性有疑问， 如果适用性有问题，请联系工程部联络
B
请联系工程部联络人。 人。

保持温度恒定通过层板横截面 保证层板间的温度保持稳定。 A a
。

把手放在风扇上感受一下是否 风扇在震动，把手放在风扇上是不安全
有震动。如果你感觉到震动， B b
的。当你感到震动时，风扇是工作的。
说明风扇是工作的。
在拧紧紧固件的时候要保持螺 拧紧紧固件与孔对齐，固定住螺母不要
母不转动。 转动。 A

速率是速度在一定时间的变化. 加速度是速度随时间的变化率. C c

按需执行先前两个步骤。 按需重复先前两个步骤。 C c

中央维护计算机的一切排故和 中央维护计算机被用来进行所有的排故
C
测试项目都被应用。 和测试活动。
没有必须的维修程序。检查燃
无需执行修理程序。经常检查燃油渗漏
油使用频率确保使用量不会变 C
情况，确认区域没有扩大。
大。

多模式接收机(MMR)将全球定位 多个模块接收机(MMR)发送卫星定位系
系统时间和日期传送到正、副 统时间和日期传送到正、副驾驶员时钟 B
驾驶员时钟。 。

用油箱增压组件上的手动引气
手动引气活门可用来为管路加压。 B
活门给油箱泄压。

方向舵用于横滚控制，就是控 方向舵用于俯仰控制，就是控制飞机绕
A
制飞机绕横轴的运动。 纵轴的运动。

若不及时解决这种事故症候， 这类事故处理指南， 如果当时未遵守

B
势必引起严重事故。 执行， 会引起严重后果。

为保护管路不会超压, 释压活 选择活门在85-90psi之间打开以保护油

A a
门在85-90psi之间打开。 箱正常工作。

在机长和副驾驶之间的中央操 在中央操纵台和正副驾驶之间，分别有 B b
纵台上有四个推力手柄组件。 四个推力手柄组件。

在左空调组件关闭时, 总管也 如果左空调组件损坏, 总管也可将空气

可将空气送到驾驶舱空调空气 送到驾驶舱空调管路。 B b
分配管路。

发动机产生的部分电能供给防
发动机的电力部件支持防冰系统。 B b
冰系统使用。

此门在飞行中完全打开，在地 此门在飞行中部分打开，在地面时也部 A a
面时完全打开。 分打开。

当液力泵不工作时, 系统油量
显示不会显示液力油箱的油量 当液压泵关闭时，系统压力指示显示液 C c
压油箱内的压力。
。

无需使用支架或梯子就能完成 检查是在地面上完成的，不需要使用架
C
地面检查。 子或梯子。

如果初始化设置正确，将在CDU 如果“自动测试正在进行”显示在CDU
显示屏上显示“自动测试进行 显示屏上则表明初始化设置正确。 B
中”。
每项规则都附有文字解释和相 每条规则包括解释性的文本和相关的例 C
应事例。 子。

发动机火灾探测系统的感应器 发动机防火系统内的传感器总是一个持
是一个持续双环路设计。 续双循环。 A

每三天至少排水一次或使用饮 最多三天就需要使用并排放饮用水系统
B
用水系统一次。 一次。
直到颗粒被滤芯过滤，发动机 发动机滑油将这些污染物带至滑油滤芯
A
滑油才能将它们带走。 。

反推通过使排气气流转向相反 尾气气流偏离至反方向从而使反推提供 B
的方向来产生制动力。 刹车。

它会显示上次的试验数据，如 如果过早地显示维修页面，它将显示前
果你早些展示维护页面。 一次的测试运行数据。 C

STE管理规范的内容而不是格式 STE被用于规范内容的形式而不是版式
A
例如（字号，编码等）。 （ 例如字号，数字等）。

交流电源系统设计防止两个电 备用电源系统被设计成避免两个电源同
源同时向同一负载供电。 时向同一用户供电。 B b

在本部分的目录中会展示次段
落的相应信息，譬如数据列表 分段和其它相关信息，例如图表清单， C c
可在本节的目录中显示。
。

临时装订的手册页无需标注日 永久装订的手册页不需要注明日期。 C
期。

所有出版物应使用标准编号系 所有发行物应使用标准的编号索引系统 B
统进行索引和主题事项分配。 来完成主题事项分配。

封面包含的信息将由制造商保 封面必须包含制造商保留的信息。
A
留。

交错使用制表分隔符将有助于 为了便于参考，隔页签应交错排列。 C
参考。
故障的警告灯必须在30秒后关 相关警告灯会在30秒后熄灭。 A
闭。
液压油会引起腐蚀。 液压油会导致伤害。 B
计算轮胎的胎面数。 检查轮胎的数量。 A
将管子放置在正确的位置。 把管子弯到正确的半径。 C
将电缆剪成相等厚度的三段。 把电缆剪成长度相等的三段。 C c
看一下损伤。 检查损伤。 A a
小心易损伤的零件。 对于损伤的零件要小心。 C b
如图4所示，检查凹坑的尺寸。 如图4所示，测量磨损的厚度。 A a

按下按钮取消冻结模式。 按下按钮恢复冻结模式。 B b
注入大量的滑油。 加入所需量的滑油。 C c
计算内测和外侧缝翼的移动。 测量移动的内侧和外侧襟翼。 A

用温水清洗外表面。 用冷水清洗外表面。 B b
对2号发动机进行改装。 对2号发动机进行大修。 C
问题的根源在燃油系统。 故障的位置在液压油系统。 B

需要牵引车、牵引杆、牵引钢 需要牵引车、牵引杆、牵引线束等牵引
索等。 设备。 B
只有那些有特殊授权的人员才 确定时寿件的状态用到了一些特别的技
C
能确定时寿件的状态。 术。

导航系统受飞机爬升角度的影
飞机爬升率会影响导航系统。 C
响。
如果要进行施工，则应避免交
叉。 如果可行，各管路应避免干涉。 A

737NG翼尖小翼尺寸为112.58英 737NG停放时大翼间距至少为112.58英
A
尺。 尺。
校准空速是指飞机的指示速度
飞机的指示空速应为校准后的速度。 B
。

螺旋桨恒速机构被挡住了。 螺旋桨恒速传动机构不在这个位置。 B

用1/2英寸长的扳手拆下端盖。 用1/2英寸的套筒拆下盖子。 A

再次将探头向上游移动，并监 将探头向上游移动并再次监控温度。 C
控温度。
该区域所有人员必须佩戴口罩 必须给该区域的所有人员配置防烟面罩
A
。 。

电源接通前不要打开外壳。 电源接通时不要打开外壳。 C

不要使用笼统和含义模糊的词 不要使用简略和含义模糊的形容词。 B b
语。
当真正需要时仅使用被动时态 当真正需要时仅使用主动时态。
。 A a

计算机根据这些值计算能源消 计算机计算根据燃油价值来计算能量消
耗 耗目标。 B

我们不使用附属产品。 我们在此生产过程中不使用粘接剂 A

在程序中给出简短，清晰的指 在程序执行中，要向读者直接发话，给
令，直接向读者陈述。 出简短清晰的指令。 B

拆下并且丢弃预处理的组件。 拆下并且丢弃预成型的封圈。 C b

侧面驻留组件有两个铰链在一 侧撑杆有两个折叠的肘节悬挂在一起。 A
起的折叠拨钮。
为了使句子简短不要忽略名词 不要为了使句子简短而省略名词。
。 C c

提高温度以缩短治疗时间。 降低温度以增加固化时间。 A

裂缝的最大长度为5英寸。 裂缝的最大深度为5英寸。 B b
拆下螺帽和挡板。 拆下螺钉和螺帽。 A
给液压系统释压。 给燃油系统释压。 B b

在提供给客户的所有技术数据 在提供给客户的所有技术资料中，术语
中，文化词汇应保持一致。 应保持一致。 C c

更换油温温控器控制。 更换滑油恒温控制器。 C

全发工作的最低爬升速度 建议的最大爬升速度 A
全发工作的最佳爬升速度 所有发动机工作的最佳爬升角速度 C

最大演示侧风速度 所展示的最大穿风速度 B

推荐的尾流穿透速度 推荐的乱流空气穿风速度 A

《飞行员操作手册》的此节内
《飞行员操作手册》的这一节内容应包
容应包含FAR（或其他适用规章 含FAR（或其他适用条例）和本规范要 B
）和本规范要求的所有性能信
求的所有参数信息。
息。

除非简单到不可能出现误解或 每个图形或表据展示应包括一个或多个
误用，否则每个图或表格应至 正确使用数据展示的示例，除非其使用 C b
少给出一个数据使用示例。 足够简单，不可能出现误用或误解。

所有航程值应以海里为单位。 所有射程距离应以海里为单位。 B

Oil leaks can increase Fluid leaks can decrease engine

engine performance. efficiency. A

The pump is installed The pump is installed behind the

B
behind the hydraulic motor. pneumatic turbine.
Pressure the system to 150 Pressurize the system to 150 bar
C
bar with the hand actuator. with the hand pump.
A mixture of fuel and A mixture of gas and oxygen should
A
nitrogen can cause an burn. cause an explosion.
Use a borescope to examine Use a hole instrument to examine B
the combustor internally. the combustor externally.
Measure the movement of the Operate the movement of the A
onboard and outboard slats. inboard and outboard ailerons.
Common tools, equipment and Special tools, equipment and
materials shall include. materials shall be included. C

Start each section on a Start each section on a left-hand

B
right-hand page. page.
Open the check valves. Open the bypass valves. B
The height of the triangle
The base of the triangle is 5 cm. C c
is 5 cm.
Make sure that the slats
Make sure that the flaps and the
and the ailerons are elevators are extented. A a
retracted.
Tighten the bolts, nuts, Tighten the bolts, spacers, clips,
clamps, or connectors to or connectors to the correct B
the correct torque. torque.
Make sure that the circuit Make sure that the pushbutton is
A a
breaker is opened. pressed.
Keep away from the intake Go away from the exhaust area
area before the engine C c
before the engine starts.
starts.
Separate the part that is Identify the part that is causing
A
causing the fault. the error.
This system is used to
This system is used to extract and
extend and retract the B b
retract the landing gear.
landing gear.
This Program usually
This Program usually consists of
contains two pages: one two pages: one text page and one C
test page and one image
illustration page.
page.
Documents must be readily Documents must be permanently
B
revisable. durable.
This Specification is
involved in numerical FAA This Specification refers to C
various FAA regulations.
regulations.
It is mandatory to replace It is prohibited to replace the
B
the filter. filler.
This task is only used for This procedure is applicable to
A
type A parts. all type parts.
Tell the quality department Let the quality department know
about the results of the B
analysis. the results of audit.

It is necessary to install It is a must to remove the cover.

A
the cover.
Drain fluid to the
hydraulic reservoir as Add fluid to the hydraulic C
necessary. reservoir as necessary.

Make sure that you recycle Make sure that you quarantine the
the removed insulation removed composite material. B b
material.
Apply a layer of solvent on Apply a layer of sealant on the
A
the top access panel. bottom access panel.
Examine the door stop
fittings for dent and Examine the door stop fittings A a
corrosion. for cracks and nick.

Provide airspeed
Provide airspeed limitations and
limitations and the
the operational significance of C
operational instruction of such limitations.
such limitations.
Use a valve to remove
unwanted material from the Use a filter to remove unwanted
material from the fluid. A a
gas.
Handbooks shall be readily Handbooks shall be easy revisable.
A
available.
Extend the main landing Retract the main landing gear. C
gear.
Apply oil to the alloy
Apply oil to the steel surfaces. C c
surfaces.
Remove the rivets from the
Remove the rivets from the flanks. B
flange.
Make sure that the servo Make sure that the servo control
control unit is in the C
unit is in the open position.
right position.
If you find broken wires, If you find break wire, repair
repair them. them. B
Ensure the fix plug fits. Ensure the repair rivets fits. A
Refuel the aircraft. Defuel the aircraft.. B
Grab a screwdriver to Grab a screwdriver to release the
C
release the bolts. clips.
Make the positions of the Make the altitude of the valves
valves agree. agree. B b

All documents and materials All publications shall use the

shall use the standardized standard numbering system for C
numbering index system. indexing.
Troubleshooting in a Four processes are combined to
complex system consists of troubleshoot the complicated B b
four sections. system.
Other information may be The cover will show the other
displayed on the cover. information. B b

The important parts must be Warnings, cautions and notes may

highlighted by using the be used to highlight or emphasize C
warnings, cautions and
important points.
notes.
The captain must use the The principle scheme should be
A
schematic diagram. used by the co-pilot.
Outside air temperature is The flowing air effects the
the free air static B
temperature. ambient air temperature.

It is not allowed to exceed

Don't extend or retract the
the maximum speed of the landing gear above this speed. C
landing gear retraction.
The position of the landing
gear doesn't influence the The idle speed is not effected by A
surging speed. the landing gear position.

All required equipment and

facilities should be Only optional equipment is A
described in this equipment list.
included in this list.
This document contains
This document covers proper orders
appropriate instructions for continuous airworthiness B
for continued
maintenance program.
airworthiness.
Interchange the PTU one- Change the PTU return valve.
A
way valve.
Repair the damaged sealant. Repair the damaging sealant. A a
Lubricant the elevator tab Grease the aileron tab hinges.
links. A

Energize the ground service Pressurize the ground service

network. network. B

Examine if the floor panel Examine the floor panel for

C
is laminated. deformation.
Throw away the removed
Leave out the removed gaskets. A
components.
Apply the fasteners greasy. Apply grease to the fasteners. C c
If you find a crash, do the If you find the wear, do the
applicable maintenance A
applicable repair procedure.
procedure.
Contamination of the oil
Pollution of the grease can cause
can cause damage to the A a
damage to the axle.
shaft.
Do a leak inspection of the Do a leakage check of the filter
C
exchanger assembly again. assembly again.
The user of this schematic The user of this schematic diagram
diagram is the pilot. is the flight attendant. B b

Airspeed values shall be Airspeed values shall be expressed

expressed in nautical A
in lbs.
miles.
All tables shall bear a All figures shall have a title B
title with a number. with a number.
It includes items such as
It includes items such as the
the deflation of shock A
lubrication of shock struts.
struts.
The rudder is used for yaw The rudder is used for pitch
B b
control. control.
Report any cracks found to Report any damage found to the
B b
the manufacturer. manufacturer.
The design authority must The design authority may reply the
give approval to changes
that you make to the repair repair work that you will do
B b
scheme. according to the scheme.

Dirts are contamination of Dust can cause contamination on C

all filters. all filters.
If the indication is not
Do the test a second time if the
incorrect, you should do indication is correct. A
the next test.
Pull the oxygen mask with a Suddenly start the oxygen supply
sudden movement to start B
the flow of oxygen. system, the mask drops.

A brief demonstration of Operation method shall be briefly A

how to do this. presented.
If an annunciator panel is If a display appears on the
installed, explain how it annunciator panel, it explains B
operates. that how the system works.
The total weight and CG
Totals must be within approved
must be within the weight and CG limits. C
specified range.
The replacement time must Airworthiness section must set
be set forth in part of forth each mandatory replacement C c
airworthiness section. time.
The condition lever is the The condition lever is the
minor control for starting primary control for starting and C
and stopping the engine. stopping the engine.
The limitations included
in this Section are The limitations included in this
Section are adopted by the B
approved by the
airworthiness authority.
airworthinessauthority.
Make sure that the mark on Make sure that the mark on the
the bolt is level with the bolt is parallel to the mark on B
mark on the handle. the handle.
Make a list of the part in Make a list of the part numbers in
C c
digital numbers. numerical sequence.
The autothrust system is on The autothrust system is out but B
but not in operation. not in operation.
This system does not remove
the normal channels of This system does not supersede the
normal channels of communication C c
communication for this
for this item.
item.
The operator may use an
The operator may use a diagram
equivalent form containing B
the same information. containing the same information.

The fuel tanks must be Make sure that the oil tanks are
A
grounded. on the ground correctly.
Oxidation occurs very
easily. Oxygen happens very easily. B b

Use the left opening for Left opening is used to move

B b
easy access. easily.
Do not get acid on your You must be careful to get acid on
A a
skin. your skin.
The safety measures that
follow are available to The safety precautions that follow C
are applicable to explosive items.
inflammable items.
If you find alligatored If there are rough areas, remove
areas, remove them with C
cotton cloth. them with emery cloth.

If you find corrosion,

If corrosion is found, change the
remove it with the material to remove it. B
specified material.
Make a record of the Make a note of the necessary
A
necessary quality. quality.
Apply hydraulic power to Apply electrical power to one of
C c
either of the solenoids. the two solenoids.
The vertical bar goes out The horizontal bar disappears
A
of view. suddenly.
If you find dents, refer to If you find scratches, refer to
A
the table that follows. the table that follows.
When the pressure When the pressure decreases, lift
A a
increases, lift the cover. the covering.
Move the tube to ensure
Move the tube to make sure that
that the inner connection C
the inner connection is tight.
is loosen.
Do not let the pressure Do not let the pressure close less
become less than (or more B b
than (or more than) 20 psi.
than) 20 psi.
When you do work with
cleaning fluid , use When you do work with cleaning A
fluid , use breath equipment.
breathing equipment.
Install the cover with the On another's hand ,install the B
aid of a second person. cover.
Flush the pipes by a virus Flush the pipes by a anti-virus
A a
solution. fluid.
This compound can release
poisonous fumes.
Apply a small quantity of
oil to the threads of the
two bolts.
Stop the engine start
procedure.
This composite alloy can release
B b
poisonous fumes.
Apply a small quantity of oil to B b
the threads of the two nuts.
Stop the engine ignition project. B

The compression value must The pressure value must be more

C c
be more than 800 kPa. than 800 kPa.
Give special directions for Give accurate data for using
A a
using urgent exits. urgent exits.
Prepare for the leak test. Prepare for the load test. B b
Fill the battery. Add the battery. A
Compute the current in the Calculate the voltage in the
route. circuit. C

To load the document, click Tap here to get the document.

A a
here.
Announce the problem to the Tell the manufacturer about the
operator. problem. C
Replace the damaged parts. Repair the damaged parts. B
The flight safety must be The navigation safety must be
assured. insured. B

Attitude meter shows the

aircraft attitude relative Altitude
meter shows the aircraft
altitude relative to the level. B b
to the horizon.
The gearbox is installed The hydraulic motor is installed A
behind the pneumatic motor. behind the pump.
When wheel is cleaned, dry When wheel is cleaned, dry with B
with the compressed air. the impressed air.
The steel plate measures The aluminum plate measures 1.5
1.5 metres long and 3/8 metres long and 3/8 decimeter A
decimeter thick. thick.
Instuments shuld be
Timely check the instruments if it
periodically checked for B
accuracy. is accurate.

ATA chapter is indicated by The first pair of the digits of

latest pair of the digits fault code indicates the C
of the fault code. applicable ATA chapter.
The ram air turbine is
The air pressed by turbine is
located in the aft right B
body fairing. located in aft right body fairing.

The IDG includes a The IDG consists of a constant-

variable-speed drive and an speed drive and an oil cooled C
fuel cooled generator. generator.
Plotting factors for
navigation problems on a Drawing factors for navigation
problems on a chart is a widely A
chart is a widely used
used method.
method.
The spoilers are located on The ailerons are located on the
the outside rare edge of outboard trailing edge of each C
each wing. wing.
The Index Numbering System
The Index Numbering System is
is introduced in the next A a
compared in the later paragraph.
paragraph.
Manufacturers may omit Manufacturers may object to
systems not applicable to products that are suitable for B
their product. their systems.
The screen of the phone is The front panel of the phone has a
on the panel, and you can C c
touchscreen and a home button.
touch the home button.
The dictionary excludes The dictionary does not include
majors because there are technical verbs because there are C
too many verbs. too many.
If possible, use an
If allowed, use a simple verb for
approved simple verb to B
express. approving.

When the USB power adapter

is wet, please do not touch If
your hands are wet, do not
C
touch the USB power adapter.
it.
Every document must be Document must be readily
C
simple to modify. revisable.
Ensure that you heard the Be sure that you can hear the
sound of 600 Hertz. voice of 600 Hertz. A

Thus, you have to write Therefore, you must write short

shortly and use simple sentences and use simple sentence C c
sentences. structure.
Set the wheel gears beneath Assemble blocks around all landing
A
all landing gear wheels. gears.
If the protective finish is If the primer layers are damaged,
C c
damaged, do a repair. do a repair.
Strip the insulation from Stripe the insulation from the B b
the wire. harness.
This composite is toxic. This agent is volatile A a
Empty the tension
Zero the tension indicator. C
regulator.
Accidental movement of the Sudden operation of the gyro can
compass can cause unwanted cause unwanted movement of the
C c
operation of the oriental horizontal stabilizer.
stabilizer.
Remove the moderate Remove the middle doublecrank
A a
dualcrank unit. unit.
Two systems can be engaged Two systems can be adopted
B b
at the same time. separately.
Some airplane structures Some aircraft structures are
B
are composite materials. compound materials.
Copy that, clear for
Roger, clear for pushback. C c
pressing.
There are trim tabs at the There are trimmable stabilizers at A
rear of both flaps. the rear of both elevators.
The rudder is a removable The rudder is a removable airfoil
wing which is fixed to the which is attached to the vertical
C
vertical stabilizer and is stabilizer and is used for yaw
used for pitch control. control.
Ground Control describes The least radius of turn for
minimum radius of turn for
taxiing and ground taxiing and ground maneuver is B b
described in Ground Control.
handling.

This procedure explains how How to confirm the current

to recognize impending problems and what should you do
B b
problems and what to do if when malfunctions occur are
malfunctions occur. described in this procedure.
You may find the
Troubleshooting information describing
troubleshooting information
probable malfunctions and the
about the malfunctions and the C
remedial actions of those malfunctions
related measures for them in
shall be provided in this manual.
this manual.
FAA approved airworthiness
FAA approved airworthiness limitations
limitations shall be prepared
must be contained as an integrated
as a separate document for B
documentation for inclusion in the main
inclusion in the principal
maintenance manual.
maintenance manual.
The page number must be If folded pages are used, the page
viewing if you fold the number must be visible when C c
page. folded.
A logical method is
required to group the Divide all the involved data into A a
unconcerned data together. groups logically.
In both cases, a figure
will be contained to show Through the handbook, a form shall
be used to show the normal signs A
the normal symptoms used in in these two cases.
the whole manual.
Avoid damaging the area Use solution to clean the corroded
around when we clean the area and prevent to damage the A
corrosion with cleaner. surroundings.
Close the isolating valves. Inspect the check valves. B
Discharge the battery. Inflate the battery. A
Put the chocks against the Put the chain against the brakes.
B b
wheels.
Move the probe downstream
and monitor the temperature Move
the part downstream and
B b
again. measure the temperature again.

A fuel pump operates the A hydraulic motor operates the

C c
motor. pump.
Let the plant dry at Let the paint dry at ambient
C c
available temperature. temperature.
Dry the filter in the
Dry the filter in the fire. A
cover.
Install two spacers, each Install two rings, each 3.5 mm
B
3.5 mm thick. thick.
Oxygen occurs very easily. Nitrogen occurs very easily. A
Do the loosening procedure. Do the strengthening procedure. A a
Examine the removed parts Examine the removed parts for
C
with damage. damage.
Give an explanation to show
Give an explanation to show the
the special risk or C c
specific risk or possible result.
possible result.
Make sure there is no Make sure there is no leakage of
leakage of hydraulic fluid hydraulic fluid at the B
at the transducer. transponder.
Warnings, cautions and
Warnings, cautions and notes may
notes may be used to
highlight or emphasis be used to highlight or emphasize C
important points.
important points.

It is not permitted to work

It is not allowed to work with any
with any uncontrolled unreliable technical document B b
technical document for
for maintenance work.
maintenance work.

This Issue 7 of the This Issue 7 of the specification

specification fully covers fully replaces all previous issues
C
all prior issues and
and revisions.
revisions.

Please show your license

Please show your license and
and qualification
authorization when asked by quality
duties when asked by the B
inspector.
the inspector.
For more information, refer More information referred to
to official reference B
books. official reference books.

Move it slightly to make it Move it gently to make it enter

aim at the hole the hole B

Place the repair form Put the repair sheet accurately on C

directly above the damage. the damaged area.
Ensure that the depth of Make sure that the diameter of the
the hole conforms to the hole is less than the specified C
specified value. value.
Operating Placards shall be Operation Instructions have to be
B
listed or illustrated. listed or mapped out.
Press the light exchange Operate the dimmer switch and make
switch to observe the sure that the intensity of the C c
change of light intensity. light changes.
The computer calculates the The computer counts these values
energy consumption from B
based on the energy costs.
these values.
Follow the procedure to do For every repair, there is a C a
the repair. procedure for us to follow.
Contaminated filter
If filter elements are clean , the
elements indicate a B
filter elements are inoperative.
defective pump.
Decreasing the cure time
Increase the temperature to
that can increase the C
decrease the cure time.
temperature.
During ground deceleration, During ground speed stabilizes,
all the spoiler panels are A
most of the pedals are activated.
closed.
Remove the caps from the Remove the caps from the
A
tubes. manifolds.
The primary cause of valve The primary element of valve
failure is poisonousness of failure is contamination of the A a
the hydraulic fluid. hydraulic fluid.
Examine the seal for
defects. Examine the suffer for defects. B

The damper prevents sudden The damper prevents until the

movement in case of the A a
control moves suddenly.
control.
If none of the brackets are
damaged, continue the If none of the brackets are B
damaged, continue the task.
procedure.
This procedure is only for This procedure is only for repairs
repairs that include a very that include a very small number C c
small number of nuts. of rivets.
Set the length of the Set the height of the control rod
B b
control rod as necessary. as necessary.
Lubricate one side of the Wash one side of the washers. A
seals.
Follow the installation Obey the removal procedures for
procedures for the C c
components. the components.

The outer radius and the The exterior radius must be

inner radius must be installed on a common shaft with A
suitable. the interior radius.
Make sure that compass Ensure that magnet plate system 1
system 1 and compass system and magnet plate system 2 are B
2 are synchronized. simultaneous.
Examine the opening for
cracks that start at its Inspect the clearance of gate from B
the corner.
corners.
Press the applicable key to Compress the applicable button to
A
pop out the tape actuator. jet the disk actuator.
This cabin has some of the This bay contains some of the
C
electromotive equipment. electronic equipment.
The red lights twinkle in The red lights flag after each
A
demi-second. half a second.
If the temperature drops If the temperature decreases to
below zero, deflate the less than zero, drain the water C
water system. system.
The quick-break switch is
normally in the off The frangible fitting is a C a
normally closed valve.
position.
The fuselage is a demi- The airframe is of half-shell
plate. structure. A c

Most of the material in the Most of the material in the radar

B
radome is fiberglass. cap is fiberglass.
Add a fastener if Add a washer if necessary. C
necessary.
Record the temperature of Recording the temperature of the
the engine until writing it engine is done by writing it on A
on the card. the card.
Turn the cap clockwise. Rotate the cap clockwise. A a
Remove one of the four
bolts. Remove each of the four bolts. B

If there is a failure that If the failure occurs frequently,

seldom take place, do a C c
do a system test.
system test.
Pump the used oil into a Suck the used oil into a A a
container. container.
Trim the washer to the Cut the patch to the correct
C c
correct size. dimension.
Make sure the cabin
Make sure the cabin pressure
pressure outflow valve is bypass valve is open. B
open.
Place an air conditioning
Put one of the pack switches in
switch above the normal C
position. the HIGH position.

Maximum altitude for flight Maximum attitude for flight

B
planning will be affected. planning will be effected.
This procedure shows the This procedure has the inspection
inspection instruction of
progress of the sixth stage low B
the sixth stage low pressure bleed air blade.
pressure bleed air blade.
Total number of rules Total number of rules increased
ascended from 65 to 53. from 65 to 53. A

The word list only shows Only major changes are highlighted
C c
minor changes. in the word list.
A word in bold letters is A word in uppercase letters is not
A
unapproved in STE. approved in STE.
In procedural sentences, In procedural sentences, you can
you can use a maximum of 20 use at least 20 words before the B
words before the colon. full stop.
Apart the first part of the
Divide the first part of the
sentence from the sentence from the subsequent items C
subsequent items in the in the vertical list.
horizontal list.
We recommend that you do
We are against perform this
not perform this procedure procedure in the hangar. B
in the hangar.
A surge tank drain one way A surge tank drain check valve is
value is on the inboard on the outboard fuel tank end rib C
fuel tank end rib in main in main
tank 1 and main tank 2. tank 1 and main tank 2.
Increase the pressure
Release the pressure slowly (not
slowly (not more than one more than one turn each minute). B b
turn each minute).
Generally, in describing
the airplane or its system, When
you describing the airplane
systems, third person mood shall B
third person wording should
be used.
be used.
The working principles of The new types of flight facilities
various new flight gauges
are easily introduced and should be described and explained A
shortly.
expressed.
Make clear that if they Explain how to check them for
operate properly and how to proper operation and how to C
isolate the malfunction. recognize a malfunction.
Find the correlated Find the applicable maintenance
maintenance message that
message displaying with the EICAS B
shows with the EICAS status
status message.
message.
Technical verbs must obey The approved verbs are required to
the same rules as other obey the rules in STE as well as B
approved verbs in STE. the technical verbs.
You can use the past tense You can use the past participle of
form of technical verbs as C a
technical verbs as adjectives.
adverbs.
The STE dictionary gives an The English dictionary gives an
approving alternative word approved alternative word with a A
has a different word class. different part of speech.
An alphabetical index by
The introduction includes an
subject is to be included alphabetical index subject. B c
in the introduction.
Wires are coded in color in In some cases, wires are color
certain condition and these coded and these should be
should be marked on the C
indicated on the wiring diagram.
wiring diagram.

Install the terminal tags Install the port tags on the

on the forward overheat rearward overheat thermocouple of B
thermocouple of the
turbine. the turbine.

In the attached parts of

In the remaining parts of the
the text, the related
disapproved abbreviations text, the related approved A
abstracts are used.
are used.
Solvents can cause damage Solution can cause damage to
B
to paint. paint.
The operator adjusted the
The operator adjusted the linkage. C
cable.
You can adjust the value You can override the voice
A
control. control.
Install the seat before you Install the seat after you install
B
install the cushion. the cushion.
Be aware of the door when Be careful while the door is
C
it is opening. opening.
Before you use dangerous Before you use dangerous
materials, omit these materials, disobey these A a
precautions: precautions:
Make sure that there is
Make sure that there is efficient
sufficient airflow in the airflow in the work area. B b
work area.
Put on a face goggle and Put on a face mask and protective
C b
protective clothing. clothing.
The Total Fuel Quantity of
the main tank is 5000 The total fuel consumption from A
the center tank is 5000 pounds.
pounds.
Spray a thin layer of
Apply a thin layer of sealant on
sealing compound on the the bare metal. C
metal sheet.
The thickness of the second
The thickness of primer layer must
coating layer must be C
be between 0.05 mm and 0.06 mm.
0.05mm and 0.06mm.
There are three jacking There are three jacking points on
C c
adapters on the fuselage. the fuselage.
Disconnect all the systems
Disconnect all testing systems as
which are not necessary for necessary. B a
the test.
Install the telescopic
ducts in the wing de-icing Install the elastic ducts in the B
wing anti-icing system.
system.
Scavenge the hydraulic
Service the hydraulic reservoirs. A
fluid.
Make sure that the wing
flaps must move The wing flaps are moved to the A
symmetrical position.
symmetrically at all time.
The specification gives the The specification excludes symbols
requirement for markings on for relays, diodes, and other A
relay, triode and other
parts of the system. system parts.

Do not use a general The general purpose nut is

fastener instead of a self- interchangeable with the self- A a
locking one. locking nut.
Do not provide clear, Do not list complex, valid
A
general information. information.
Use a maximum of 20 words Use more than 20 words in each
B
in each sentence. sentence.
Write notes only to give Write cautions only to give
information, not B
information, not orders.
instructions.
Do not provide different Do not arrange different contents
meanings in the same A
in the same chapter.
parentheses.
If they drop, permanent If they fall, permanent damage can
C
injury can occur. occur.
It is imperative to Frequent inspection of these areas
regularly inspect these C b
is necessary.
areas.
Attach the cover
Install the cover permanently. B
temporarily.
Only releasing personnel
can do the installation Only authorized personnel can do A
the replacement procedure.
procedure.
Pressure adjustment is Temperature adjustment is
C
automatic. automatic.
Each section shall be Each section shall be proceeded A
stated on a left-hand page. from a right-hand column.
Clean window using liberal
quantities of soap and Clean window with large quantities C
of soap and water.
water.
Pull the oxygen mask with a Pull the oxygen mask in a must to
sudden movement to start B a
start the flow of oxygen.
the flow of oxygen.
Mate the plug to the Connect the plug to the receptacle C a
receptacle
The word given in the
The word given in the approved
approved examples is not B
examples is not a must
mandatory
Make sure that the screws Make sure that the bolts are
A b
are securely installed. loose.
Transport the part to the Remove the part to the overhaul
A
maintenance shop. shop.
Rectify the defect before
Define the defect before you start
you start the procedure the procedure again. B
again.
Do not pivot the Do not shake the instruments C
instruments
Assemble the movable hoist Assemble the movable handle before
B
before you lift the gearbox you lift the gearbox
Cure the sealant at a Solid the sealant at the same
uniform temperature. temperature. B

Do not make the sentence

Do not omit articles to avoid
shorter to omit articles, ambiguity, because this can make A
because this can cause the sentence shorter.
ambiguity.
Procedures contain general Procedures contain instructions
instructions that show you C
that tell you how to do a task.
how to do tasks.
Replace battery capacity to Restore battery capacity to C
required standard. required standard.
The cover is determined by The information to be included on
the manufacturer and the
the cover will be left to the C c
information should be manufacturer's discretion.
comprehensive.
Many electrical power
components are in the cargo Many
electrical power components
A
are in the APU compartment.
compartment.
Make sure that there is Make sure that the cabin pressure
C
pressure in the cabin. stays constant.
Before you use dangerous Prior to applying any hazardous
materials, obey these material, understand the B b
precautions. principles of it.
Safety procedures are to be Safety procedures are provided for
supplied to the A
manufacturer. manufacturers to follow.
For lowering the upper
The lever of door should be turned
door, door handle should be A a
until the lower door opens.
turned.
The text is simple and When preparing the text, it must
A a
clear for readers. be easy and relevant.
Move the control column Try to move the control column
momentarily. forward. A a

Make sure that the value Make sure that the value shown on
shown on the controller is C c
the indicator is correct.
right.
Tune ADF 1 to a known Tune VOR 1 to a known channel. B
frequency.
Repeat this procedure. Do this procedure two times. C
Apply three layers of Apply three layers of bottom
primer. primer. B

If the cable wire breaks,

If the wire bents, break
the two connectors. disconnect both ends of the A
connectors.
Locate the damage and its Designate the damage type and then A
dimensions. give it a dimension.
This installation procedure It's typical to install the
is typical for this type of fastener according to this B b
fastener. procedure.
Do the troubleshooting
procedure on the VHF Do the fault isolation procedure B
for the ADIRU system.
navigation system.
The engine test will not be
If you are not approved to do this
completed if you are not work, do not do this engine test. C
authorized.
The trim control button is You can find the trim control
mounted under the control button on the control panel. A a
pedestal.
Do not tow in areas where Do not land in locations where
B
there is slush. there is slush.
Examine the linkage for Inspect the status of the linkage
smooth movement. movement. B

The part will bend if you If you bend the part too much, it
A a
break it too much. will separate.
Clean with bleach and Clean with a solution of soap and
C c
water. water.
Never let the foam become
Do not let the foam become solid. C
liquid.
Move the throttle quickly Push the throttle quickly to the
B b
to the idle position. neutral position.
If you want to know the
distance between bolts, Look at FIG. 401 for the dimension A a
between bolts.
refer to FIG. 401.
Never use test equipment Do not use test equipment that can C
which can cause cracks. cause sparks.
All range dimensions shall Nautical miles should not express
A
be defined in kilometers. all range distances.
Make sure that the
Make sure that the shelf life of
retirement period of the C c
the material is not expired.
material is not exceeded.
The shock absorber is a
The shock strut is an elastic oil-
flexible hydraulic- A a
air unit.
pneumatic unit.
This procedure is of This procedure is not especially
particular importance to B b
important to type B parts.
type B parts.
If fault message persists,
If fault message goes on, press
press audio cancel
audio cancel pushbutton on the B b
pushbutton on the avionics airborne test panel.
test panel.
Do the procedure to Do the procedure for the
lubricate the stainless protection of the carbon steel A
steel cables. harnesses.
During the operation, pay During the procedure, take care
attention not to punch the not to puncture the hydraulic C
hydraulic reservoir. reservoir.
The purpose of this special
The function of this special tool
tool is to extract the is to extend the washer. B
bushing.
The vertical stabilizer can The rudder can be used in
be used in case of throttle situations where thrust is A
symmetry. symmetric.
Inspect the washing sink,
faucet and its pipe for Examine the washing hand drain A a
port, tap and the line for crack.
leakage.
Operationally check the Operate and examine the pre-charge
hydraulic brake accumulator pressure of the hydraulic brake B
pre-charge pressure. pressurizer.
Do not increase by this
speed or Mach number unless Do not exceed this speed or Mach
Number except in smooth air and C
in steady air, and be
then only with caution.
careful.
When words can link up in Misunderstanding happens when
different ways, ambiguity words are contained in different B c
occurs. modes.
Therefore, the more words
are there in a phrase, the So, the more nouns in a phrase,
more difficult it is to the harder it is to understand. A
understand.
The localizer course is
aligned with the centerline The localizer aligns with the B
center of the runway.
of the runway.
Slowly protect the bar and Slowly extend the rod fully and
guarantee not touching make sure that it does not touch C
other parts. other parts.
No numbers of paragraphs The numeral order of the
and subparagraphs is paragraphs and subparagraphs is A
required in a section. unnecessary in a section.
Definitions in the handbook
shall be consistent with
definitions contained in
the Federal Aviation
Regulations.
Definitions in the Federal
Aviation Regulations shall be
B
consistent with definitions
contained in the handbook.

The supplements in this

Limitations associated with
section or section 9 optional systems or equipment may
include the limitations C
be included in this section or in
associated with selectable
section 9, supplements.
systems or equipment.
This metal gives good This material gives good
C
protection from erosion. protection from corrosion.
Snip and remove the
Snip and discard the cable. A b
lockwire.
Replace the damaged parts. Reinstall the damaged components. B
Do not smell the solvent Do not breathe the solvent fumes. C
fames.
Let the adhesive become
Let the admixture become hard. B
hard.
Install a new washer on the Install a new basket on the A
fixture. fitting.
Remove the rod in the Move the rod in the opposite C c
contrast direction. direction.
Put the torque indication
to zero. Put the shear instrument to zero. A a

Fill the inner tank before Fill the inboard tank before you
you fill the outer tank. drain the overboard tank. B

Complete with the

Continue with the electrical test. C
electronic test.
The after end of lanyard
attached to the access door The lanyard attached to the after
to the right APU end of the right access door to C b
compartment is fractured. the APU compartment is frayed.
Several screws lost in
front of right wing Forward of right wing body fairing C
has several loose screws.
fuselage fairing.

Miscellaneous category
Complicated category consists of
consists of many parts and many parts and components, five
components, five kinds of kinds of these parts have been B
these parts have been selected.
selected.

Contamination to Fuel sample check reveals positive

microorganism was detected contamination of microorganism C c
in the fuel sample. growth.
During engine run, the During engine run, the number 1
number 1 engine oil engine oil pressure indication B a
pressure gauge fluctuates. moves.
Left main landing gear Left main landing gear alternate
alternate control steel control cable has insufficient C
wire is not lubricated. lubrication.
Passenger reading lights at
Passenger reading lights at cabin
cabin rows 12B, 14C, and B c
rows 12B, 14C, and 17A is not on.
17A do not illuminate.
Functional check of L VHF Functional check of L VHF radio
radio shown turbulence and revealed interference of static C c
static noise. with noise.
Life vests at L1 entry door Life vests were not installed at
flight crew station not L1 entry door flight crew C
install. station.
After aircraft wash, all 3 After aircraft clean, all 3
landing gears were found landing gears was found un- B
un-lubricated. lubricated.
Test the vertical clearance Measure the lateral distance
A a
between the two components. between the two parts.
Repair all cracks that are Overhaul all fissures which are
B
wider than 0.05 mm. greater than 0.05mm.
Monitor the media altitude Monitor the radio altimeter
C
meter display. indicator.
Examine the servo controls Inspect the feedback controls
at intervals of 400 flight every 400 flight hours. B a
hours.
Use a strainer to remove Use a strainer to filter
unused substances from the unnecessary material from the A
fluid. lubrication liquid.
If necessary, add a pin. Add a washer if necessary. C
Make sure that the tubes Ensure that the pipes are not
B b
have no deformation. damaged.
This restriction
corresponds to all versions The
limitation responds to all
A a
versions of the regulation.
of the specification.
Present structure of
airframe, wings and Describe structure of fuselage, C c
wings, and empennage.
empennage.
It updates the previous It takes place of the following
A
version. version.
Attach the screw's cord to Attach the screw's wire to the new
A a
the new cable. cable.
Calculate the thickness of Calculate the width of the shim as B
the shim as follows: t=x-y. follows: t=x-y.
Put the end of the rod that
has a thread in the Put the end of the rod that has a C
thread in the fitting.
adapter.
Adjust the tension in the
Adjust the torque in the cables to
cables to the correct B b
the correct value.
value.
If the symptoms occur Remove the unit, until the B
again, remove the unit. symptoms occur again.
Gives the symbols for Gives the symbols for relays,
relays, resistors, and diodes, and other parts of the C c
other parts of the system. system.
You can fix all the compass You can calibrate all the magnetic
systems at the same time. needle systems at the same time. A a
Adjust the clip until there Adjust the clamp until there is
is sufficient friction to sufficient friction to keep it in C
keep it in position. position.
Tool is subsequently
Tool is subsequently available for
available for the B
the installation task.
installation procedure.
To inflate the braking
To bleed the braking system,
system, operate the hand
pump handle through its operate the hand pump handle C b
through its full travel.
full travel.
System test is usually done
System test is normally used at
during maintenance and C
major maintenance periods.
repairs.
Record the check results. Test the result on the record. A
The diameter of the tube is The circumference of the pipe is
B
too small. too small.
Set the "ALT" knob to the Set the "LAT" knob to the local C c
local altitude. latitude.
Use titanium powder to Use limestone powder to examine
A a
detect external leaks. internal leaks.
This procedure is not This program is not reasonable B
applicable at this time. now.
Adjust the lateral trim Adjust the vertical balancing A a
system. system.
Make sure that there is Make sure that there are twists in
tension in the cables. the cables. B

Replace the magnetic drain Remove the magnetic drain plug

plug of the oil tank. from the oil tank. C

Do not defuel the aircraft Stop refueling the aircraft before

in the period of A
maintenance. maintenance.

Check the abnormality of Inspect whether there are the

A
the sealant. defaults in the solvent.
Evaluate the amount of Calculate the number of shims that
C
clamps required. are necessary.
This software is compatible This software only corresponds to
only with the specified B
its designed operating system.
operating system.
Deposit the explosive Keep flammable materials at a
substance out of 50 feet minimum distance of 50 feet from C
with the work area. the work area.
Polish the cargo- Lubricate the cargo-compartment
C c
compartment door wheels. door handles.
Check the pressure of a
wheel and charge it if Inspect the tire pressure and it's A
required to refuel.
necessary.
Do a fuel sampling for Obtain a demo of oil to determine
microbiological the microbial pollution. B
contamination.
Paint special materials in Fill special materials in all the
all the holes, especially holes, particularly for the frost A
in the freezing area. area.
To upload flight management Download the flight management
data, you can utilize
multi-function disc data with the multipurpose disk C
drive unit.
generator.

If you find the dents,

In the event of finding gaps, read
according to the structural
the structural maintenance manual
maintenance manual to get to sort the loss and correct the A
the damage group and take
action.
the correct action.

This step can be only

This step is applicable only when
applied when the top is C
you apply the top layer of paint.
painted.
The airflow can go between The air flows to the top and
the top and bottom of the A
bottom of the slats' surfaces.
slats.
When you set the bar to When you set the lever to “UP”,
"UP", the hydraulic the hydraulic pressure must C
temperature goes down. decrease.
If the move is not set up If the removal is not what you
A
by you, verify the system. want, test the system again.
The format should not rely The forms should be independent
on devices such as a power from any equipment, computers are B
computer. suitable.
The initial airplane weight For all kinds of fuels, the
should contain the maximum initial aircraft weight should be
allowable for all fuel A a
the maximum allowable.
loads.

The air inlet actuator is The air release actuator is

mounted on the side of the located on top of the pressure A a
pressure bulkhead behind
the intake valve. bulkhead inside the intake valve.

Wipe excess sealant from Remove the unwanted sealant from C

the lever. the bracket.
Describes how to check that
Describes how to identify these
they are functioning
failures so that these systems can A
properly to identify
faults. function properly.

Distribution system is used Air inlet system is used to

to induct and distribute B c
distribute air to all systems.
air.
The test set will
automatically run the The test apparatus will give the B
test parameter automatically.
tests.
Make sure the amber VALVE The purple VALVE CLOSED light
CLOSED light below each under each switch is confirmed B
switch goes off. off.
The opening of high
pressure wing anti-ice air Injury to persons can be caused by
A
will cause injury to releasing the hot anti-ice liquid.
persons.
The clocks get power from The clocks is through the CLOCK
the 28v dc hot battery bus
through the CLOCK circuit circuit breaker powered from the B
28v dc hot battery bus.
breaker.
Make the required repairs Make the necessary repairs during
during the next applicable the next applicable scheduled C
preliminary inspection. maintenance.

Service Bulletin should be

read and related
Read Service Bulletin and
requirements should be
understand the content of B b
known prior to maintenance requirements during maintenance.
by the maintenance
personnel.

All sensors supply All sensors can receive indication

B b
indication data. data.
Refer to the requirements According to AMM require to repair
of AMM repair or relocate or change the wire bundle or A
the wire bundle or conduit. conduit.
The sweep second hand only The second pointer is only used
works with the timing for the chronic function of the B c
function of the clock. clock.
The approved repair portion The necessary workmanship and
shall include processes and skills constitute the approval of B
techniques necessary for the repair portion.
performing a repair .
Inspect the outer area of Do the exterior medial check of
the lowest fuselage. the fuselage . A a

The APU fire warning system The APU fire warning system
actuates the same fire activates the same fire warning in C
warning in the flight
compartment as the engines. the cockpit as for the engines.

Another important task of

the oil is to protect the
metal surfaces from
corrosion.
Preventing the metal surface from
further corrosion is the other B
essential function of the lube.

Corrosion inhibitor is Corrosion protection is necessary

necessary frequently so
that protection remains in but is ineffective for cost
A
reasons.
effective.

The airplane must be on the The aircraft should be on the

ground with the engines off ground and engines power off B b
before you can install
before you upload the software.
software.

Make sure that the chosen

replacement word will not
vary the implication of the
sentence if you replace a
word.
When you replace a word, always
make sure that the alternative you
C c
select does not change the meaning
of the sentence.

Make sure the probe plug is The probe lid is insured to be in

in good condition and there ideal condition and out of damage. A
is no signal of damage.
The procedures that follow
will prevent the
deterioration of the
airplane structure, finish,
or system components.
The delamination of the airplane
structure, finish, or system parts
B a
will be blocked by the procedures
listed below.

You may find the pitot The pitot probes are located on
probe on the front internal the forward external part of the C
side of the fuselage. airplane.
Draw oil and grease from a Add oil and grease into a
degreasing agent. degreasing agent. A

Long sentences are Short sentences are difficult to

B
difficult to read. understand.
Supply the electrical power Remove the electrical power of the
C
for the system. system.
When the light is When the light is extinguished,
illuminated, move the B
move the switch to NORMAL.
switch to NORMAL.
The gyroscope will become
stable for at least 15 After about 15 seconds, the C a
gyroscope will become stable.
seconds.
Push in the circuit Remove the circuit breaker. A
breaker.
The air pressure is too The air pressure is too high. C
low.
Pressurize the hydraulic
system. Depressurize the hydraulic system. C

Write instructions in the Write instructions in the

command form. appropriate form. B

These tests shall be self- These tests shall be

A
locking. comprehensive.
Prior to checking the Never mix the fluid before
fluid, ensure it has been B
mixed. testing.

Make sure that there is Make sure that blockage is in the

nothing in the pipe. pipe. B
Some oil must be drained. More oil must be added. A a
The load is determined in
You have to fill the tank twice. A
two ways.
Repair the lower flange
first during the procedure Repair
the upper flange first
C c
during the following procedure.
that follows.
You must obtain medical You must obtain medical
A
help as more as you can. instructions as soon as you can.
Make sure that there is
something in the pipe to Make sure that there is nothing in C
the pipe to hinder airflow.
block the airflow.
Only the effective Each manual shall have a record of
revisions pages need to be revisions or effective pages. C
recorded in the manual.
You can find the procedures The assembly process can be found
for disassembling in this B
section. in this section.
The potable water system The purpose of the drinking water
must keep and transfer the
water to the toilet for system is to store and deliver the C c
water for drinking.
washing only.
Limitations related to Only the limitations which are
optional systems may be relevant to optional systems might B b
contained in this section. be including in this section.
Tell the way to use the The seat and shoulder harness
B
seat and shoulder belts. should be used by the pilot.
Landing gear should be kept Extend landing gear after ten B
extended for ten minutes. minutes' retraction.
Do a check with an adjusted The gage is used to do calibration
B
gage. during a check.
Entering the engine test Approval is a must when entering
area must not be approved. the engine test area. C c

If the pump is outmoded, If the pump malfunctions, change

A a
replace it. the location for it.
Distances shown are Distances shown are on the basis
B
developed with no wind. of gentle wind.
Those units provide a Those units provide a way to C c
method of deicing. prevent the formation of ice.
This document provides This document provides special
primary information to the information to the applicable A
applicable manual. manual.
Take a good place for the If nuts and washers are removed
nuts and washers removed during inspection, install the new C
during inspection. ones.
Each code of electrical Each system is identified by an A
system is identified. electrical code.
Detection system is
The detection information of ice
utilized to find and is from the indication system. B b
display ice formation.
The revision date needs to The revision date should be
be displayed in an obvious C
displayed on every revision page.
place.
The airplanes are airworthy The airplanes are delivered with
because they were delivered mandatory inspection procedures to B b
in accordance with advised ensure their airworthiness.
inspection procedures.
It is not STC's
ABC is not in charge of the
responsibility to modify C
aircraft modified by STC.
ABC's aircraft.
In some cases, wires are
color coded and these In some cases, wires are color
should be installed on the coded
and these should be A
explained on the wiring diagram.
wiring diagram.
Such tests or checks will Such tests or checks will be
be very complex according different in complexity according C c
to the conditions. to the conditions.
The manufacturer may The manufacturer may establish
establish procedures to
provide response on procedures to provide recall on B
unairworthy conditions.
unairworthy conditions.
You can use two rivets to
Use rivets to connect the two
attach the stringers stringers together. C c
together.
Put a code on the cables to A tag should be attached to the
B
identify them. cables.
You should extend and
retract the actuator Do nothing to the actuator after
B b
through three complete three complete cycles.
cycles.
There is no change of the After compressing of the spring,
valve when the spring A a
the valve goes to closed position.
compresses.
Hydraulic fluid has no Hydraulic fluid can cause eye C
effect on your eyes. injury.
This procedure is only This procedure is only
B
valid in digital mode. ineffective in digital mode.
This document verifies the This document specifies the
various torque values and various torque values and the
C a
the conditions where they conditions where they are
are null. applicable.
Do a check of the hydraulic Do a check of the hydraulic system
system carefully. again. A a

Calculate the shim,the

result of the thickness is The thickness of the shim is thus C
x-y . calculated: t=x-y.

We measure all range

distances in accurate The range of distances shall be A a
calculated in knots.
miles.
Do not increase this speed In any operation, the speed can
in any operation. not be greater than this value. C

Fasteners is generally We classify the fasteners through

B b
divided into four types. four dimensions in general.
Horizontal pages are more Both vertical and horizontal pages
preferable for all types of are rather preferable for all A a
publication than vertical
types of publication.
ones.
The lowest limit of checks Between two checks, it needs two
A
is two minutes. minutes.
The aircrft is running to A Chinese aircrft is taxiing on
China on the ramp. the runway. C

The landing gear has The nose landing gear is broken

C
affected hard landing. because of hard landing.
The aircraft which has been
painted will fly to We will paint aircraft for
customer after flight customer after flight test. B
test .
If the right engine is not If the right engine stops, will
running,what position will APU servo valve stop at close B
APU bleed valve stop at? position?
The audio input will be The audio input that has the
increased by amplifier highest priority will be enlarged C
firstly. by amplifier.
The factory has been
The factory's policy on providing
maintaining technical and
component support within technical and component support B
has changed from the past.
the policy scope.
The steps to replace the
The following steps are to change
light assembly are not C c
the light component.
complicated.
A small child needs to sit A small child could sit in an
in a seat with safety B
adult seat.
device.
Additional shims may need
Add special shims as necessary may
to be added to obtain vary the clearance. B
proper clearance.
Make sure you press the Make sure that you hear the
switch after you hear the boarding music after you push the C c
boarding music. button.
Detach the connection of the valve
Detach the connection of
in the direction identical to the A b
the upstream valve. flow.
The shape of the valve The valve flaps have a shape of C
flaps is a half ring. half circle.
Wet the element for two
hours. Stove the element for two hours. A
Flush the basin with water. Fill the basin with water. B b
If the engine decreases to When the engine RPM decreases 500,
B
500 RPM, you must stop it. you'd better stop the engine.
Pay attention that
Modifications or repairs to
inspections or maintenance aircraft should be achieved by
work ought to be carried A a
out by mechanics. releasing staff.

The exit doors are not only used

The exit doors are only for the passengers to evacuate
B b
used for evacuation. from the airplane but also used
for normal exit.
Handbooks should not be Handbooks should be developed A
revised easily. easily.
Use a towel to dry the The surface is dried without a
surface. towel. B

The filter element and a Use a brush to clean the filter

C
brush are clean. element.
Disconnect the connection.
The valve is downstream of Disconnect the valve. The valve is A
downstream of the connection.
the connection.
The module that you can use You can use the disassembly
to disassemble is the C
fixture to disassemble the module.
disassembly fixture.
The AFDS constitutes three The AFDS contains three separate
separate autopilot channels
and a single Mode Control autopilot channels and a single C
Mode Control Panel(MCP)
Panel(MCP)
Mark and protect the parts Mark and protect the parts that
that are removed. will be removed. B

Check all parts for visible

Check all parts for serious
defects in accordance with
standard industry defects in accordance with B b
standard industry practices.
practices.
English is not often the English is not often the required
private language of the language of the readers of A
readers of technical books. technical pamphlet.
Ground service bus is not Ground service bus is power off
energized with external C
when external power is supplied.
power.
Airplane behavior data
Aircraft performance parameters
shall be predicted in both can be represented graphically or
C
graphical and tabular in tables.
formats.

It is impossible to list
all the steps because there Describing these steps need to do A
is always room for a lot of work.
improvement.

You should perform According to the procedure,

troubleshooting according perform the troubleshooting to
to the procedure and find solve the cause of the C
out the technical failure. malfunction.
The Boeing 747 is the first Modern air transport started from
type of airplane in air A
transport. the Boeing 747.

An external joystick and To operate an external joystick

control panel is used to and control panel for the A
make the configuration and configuration and the system
operate the system. operation.
It is forbidden to install Installing one washer for each
more than two washers for B
bolt is forbidden.
each bolt.
Remove the sleeve to Remove the sleeve to free the
C
install the sliding tube. sliding tube.
If the hydraulic pump fails If the hydraulic pump turns to
to generate pressure of
3000 psi, use the electric supply
pressure of 3000 psi, use B
pump. the electric pump.

Seal each screw hole. Put each screw hole into sealant. A
Examine part of the system Examine all of the system to find
to find the cause of the C
the cause of the interference.
interference.
Operation of the handle
releases the gas which can The gas handle operates to inflate B
the slide-raft.
inflate the slide-raft.
Little oil is stored in the
The starter consumes a few oil. A a
starter.
These buses accept the The battery supplies power C c
direct current of battery. directly to these buses.
Only if you reset the IDG, The ventilation of the IDG
A
your check is effective. accelerates your check.
If the drain hole is If the drain hole is locked, clean
leaked, clean it. it. A

All persons must follow Personnel must deviate from this

B
this procedure. procedure.
The oil is not used that contains
Use a solution with oil. A a
a solution.
The applicable torque See the table below for the
values are used to obey the C
applicable torque values.
table.
If the two indications are Do the test again unless the two
different, do the test B b
indications are different.
again.
This Specification was
This Specification was compiled by
revised by the General
the General Aviation Manufacturers C
Aviation Manufacturers Association
Association

The vent scoop and pressure The surge tank has a vent scoop
relief valve each has an
access door in the surge and pressure relief valve on each A
access door.
tank.
Print all pages other than Print all pages no more than
wiring diagrams and wiring diagrams and foldouts on B
foldouts on both sides. both sides.

Each manufacturer is
Each manufacturer is expected to
expected to reasonably reasonably substitute the
agree with the A
Specification content and Specification content and
arrangement.
arrangement.

Prepare Pilots Operating Edit "GAMA Specification No.1", in

Handbooks through "GAMA accordance with Pilots Operating A
Specification No.1". Handbooks.
No legal significance or
meanings should be fixed to The
rules and terms in this
document have no legal meaning or C b
the regulations and terms imply something.
in this document.

The engine-driven pumps are The engine-driven pumps are the

the main pumps that runs secondary pumps that operates B
continuously during
infinitely after running.
operation.
STE dictionary is permitted In STE, a word in capital letters
to use the UPPERCASE C b
means that it is approved.
letter word.
The appropriate tools
The inappropriate tools should be
should be selected to open
selected to open the containers,
the materials, the A
containers is inside the the containers is made in the
materials.
materials.
Your skin and lungs can be Your skin and lungs can be harmed
B
harmed. suddenly.
The safety procedures are
The safety procedures are provided
provided to the C c
by the manufacturers.
manufacturers.
The main gear leg could be The main gear leg could be
A
hampered by the side stay. contained by the side stay.
Descriptive content can be You should read it in voice as you
B b
written in active voice. write the descriptive text.
Dents that have an
Dents can prevent correct
influence on the correct
operation of the parts are operation of the parts, so they B
are not permitted.
not allowed.
Use the available
If you can not get the specified
equivalent one if no material, use an equivalent. C c
material is specified.

Mark the bellcrank and

shaft so that they'll be Put marks on the bellcrank and
identified and incorrect shaft or incorrect installation B
installation will not will occur.
occur.
Make sure that the parts The parts must be assembled
are attached securely. loosely. C

You can see the red bottom There is no color of the bottom B
mark on the board. mark on the board.
It is forbidden to refuel
You can add fuel to the aircraft
the aircraft during at any time. B
maintenance.
Perform these checks
Do these checks regularly. A a
immediately.
Hydraulic fluid has
positive influence on Hydraulic fluid has passive C
influence on painted surfaces.
painted surfaces.
Identify the bell crank and Put the bell crank and shaft with
shaft with marks to prevent identification to prevent wrong B
wrong installation. installation.
Light L4 comes on after 5 Light L4 comes on 5 seconds A a
seconds. before.
When the indicator comes on Stop the pump unless the indicator
, stop the pump. comes into view. A

The units used are those

The units are the most useful for
which are the most C c
expensive for pilots. the pilots.

You can not use substitutes Equivalent substitutes are

C
with same quantity. permitted to use.
This document may This document is explanation to
supplement the aircraft
maintenance manual(s) as the airplane maintenance B
manual(s).
appropriate.

Notes emphasize the

Conditions for operating
conditions of operation
procedures, inspection, repair or
procedure, inspection, maintenance, etc. must be C a
repair or maintenance,
emphasized in the notes.
etc., must be followed.

Advisory circular is the

FAA provides advisory circular
procedure that must be used which is not always carried out on C
when performing maintenance
aircraft.
on an aircraft.
Make sure the caps are off Take the caps off the flexible
C
from the hoses. pipe.
Be careful when you get
close to printed circuit Be careful when you remove printed A
circuit boards.
boards.
Make sure that there is no Make sure that the hydraulic fluid
dust in the hydraulic C
is uncontaminated.
fluid.
This function is applicable
Not all models have this function. C
to all models.
Make sure that you space The holes should have long
B b
the holes equally. distances.
Provide pressure with Depressurize the tire to the
nitrogen to the required B
demanded value.
value for the tire.
You should identify the red The lubrication point shows that
mark on the lubricant A c
you can find marks on the pin.
point.
Never stay near the removed Do not stay near the moving
C
surfaces. surfaces.
Clean the plastic surfaces Clean the plastic surfaces that
B
that are not transparent. are not vague.
If the fuel leaks out of If the fuel leak flows towards the
the valve, reinstall the valve, discard the valve seals and A
valve seals. install new ones.
Tag a warning notice on the Put a warning notice on the panel
panel to remind the to prevent operation of the C
operation of the controls. control.
It is necessary to Use a fire extinguisher
exterminate fire properly immediately if there is fuel C
when fuel starts to leak. leakage.
The center of gravity moves The center of gravity moves evenly
in relation to forces B b
to the loads of the wings.
applied on the wings.
A high level of
In order to use the STE
professionalism requires
the correct use of STE specifications appropriately, high A
professionalism is needed.
specifications.
Separate wire Unitive wire identification codes
identification codes are
built to assist in tracing provide assistant in tracing B
circuitry.
circuits.
In accordance with the Handbooks have been already
specification, manuals revised, according to the B
should be easy to revise. specification.
If necessary, clean the
Remove the oils, if necessary, by
oils by applying clean C a
applying clean solvent again.
solution.
Make sure that which door Find out which door has not
C c
has a failure. closed.
Use the pulley to lock the The rigging pin should be locked
A
rigging pin. by the pulley.
The module that you can use You can use the disassembly
to disassemble is the C
fixture to disassemble the module.
disassembly fixture.
Use a soap-and-water
solution to clean the Use a soap to clean the surface B
and a water solution.
surface.
Check for the drain holes Check the drain holes for leakage. A a
for abrasion.
Fresh the filter with hot Rinse filter in hot running water. C c
water.
This commonality makes it This commonality brings about
easier for pilots, aircraft better learning and understanding
maintenance technicians and of the pilots, aircraft B
engineers alike to learn maintenance technicians and
and understand. engineers alike.

"EMERGENCY EXIT" placard at "EMERGENCY EXIT" placard at exit

exit hatch over Left wing hatch over Left wing is missing. B A
is not legible.
Each of the two life vests Each of the two life vests located
located at L2 entry door
flight crew station is out at L2 entry door flight crew B b
of time limit. station is out of service.

If you don't do the No indication of single loop

OVHT/FIRE test, the flight operation in the flight
A A
compartment has no single compartment as you do the
loop operation. OVHT/FIRE test.

The purpose of those units The function of these units and

and components is to obtain components is to save the files
A
values that are independent that have nothing to do with a
of a particular system. peculiar system.
Use a drill bit that has a The drill bit used is more than 45
B b
maximum length of 45 mm. mm.
Eliminate the tape about Remove a recording of flight data
the information after C
from the tape.
flight.
If the light is too strong, If the light is not bright, the
do a replacement of the C
battery should be replaced.
battery.
This needs to break the This requires to destroy the job
work and distribute the
logical steps or logically into steps or A
operations.
operations.
In the absence of damage to
In the condition of damage to the
the brackets, continue the brackets, continue the procedure. B
procedure.
The accuracy of the The precision of the adjustment
A
adjustment can be fixed. can be prevented .
The values must not exceed The values must be less than the B
the allowable differences. allowable differences.
The routing of the cable The routing of the cable loom may
loom may have been held by have been defended by the A
the installation. installation.
Do a detailed visual
inspection of the fairing. Inspect the whole fairing.
A

Abbreviations should not be Only use abbreviations whose

used if they are C
universally meaningful. meanings are generally recognized.

The lubricant used on The identical grease is used to

engine and all auxiliary lubricate the engine and all B
equipment are identical. auxiliary equipment.
You can also make a local You can also make a tool to do A
tool to do this test. this test locally.
Use a tube whose length is The tube which is used is 3.3 feet
3.3 feet. length. B b

It's not permissible to use Either format is allowed.

this form. A a

All other maintenance

required on airplane should All other maintenance requires
be done by the personnel that the properly licensed B
who have the corresponding personnel should be on airplane.
license.

The handbook should be kept The operator should store the

current by the operator. handbook in a proper status. A

Either way, check the No matter which method is used,

the item to be checked is listed
listed item whose desired C
and its desired condition is
condition is stated.
presented.

None of the components

All components covered in this
covered by this chapter
chapter must be overhauled
shall be overhauled except according to the technical data C
in accordance with the
provided by the manufacturer.
manufacturer's data.

Contents of Troubleshooting Material of Description and

section should be prepared Operation is the critical contents B
under "Description" and
"Operations". to troubleshooting section.
Structural fasteners do not Some structural fasteners can be
belong to normal
repaired during normal
maintenance items, so the
maintenance, so the maintenance A
maintenance information information includes the
does not include this part
corresponding content.
of the content.

The logical maintenance

steps or operating
procedures constitute the
maintenance procedures.
Break down maintenance activities
into logical steps or operations C
as required by procedures.

The specification of a The range of values should not

given range of values in
exceed the parameters or variables C
the manual excludes
given in the manual.
parameters and variables.

Divided, self-contained,
Single, self-contained, gas
gas reservoir assembly
reservoir assembly provides the
stores the operating energy operating pressure within 7-9 C
within 7-9 seconds prior
seconds after actuation.
actuation.

There is an antenna
positioning in the suitable Correct
the antenna position on
A
the airplane surface.
place on the airplane skin.
Record the measured
resistance between the Perform the measurement of the
resistance between the antenna C c
antenna baseplate and the baseplate and the airplane skin.
airplane skin.
The total time resets to 0 The remained time resets to 0 when
when the button is held on the button is seen down for two A
for two seconds. seconds.

Ensure to remove the pin

from the let-go mechanism When the airplane is in good
after you return from the condition, you must uninstall the A
airplane to its common pin of the release mechanism.
position.

Mount the front cargo

Fix the aft bulkhead forward panel
compartment backward B b
to the forward cargo component.
bulkhead center panel.
You may be in trouble, if
If you drink water that contains
you drink bacteria free C
bacteria, you will get sick.
water.
The backup of the computer Back up your computer regularly.
C
is necessary.
Representatives from
Both representatives from ASD and
countries that are not
members of ASD are hardly from countries that are not
C
to take part in the group. members of ASD can join the group.
Repeat the unit at the next Change the unit when performing
C
check. next check.
Compute the quantity of
Evaluate the quantity of fuel in
fuel required for the B
flight. the flight.
The flap angles are stated In Table 1, there are no flap
B b
in Table 1. angles.
Pressurize the selected Choose the hydraulic system you A a
hydraulic system. will depressurize.
Fire will occur sometimes. There is danger of fire. C
确保皮托管没有堵塞。 确保排气管没有渗漏。 B b

如果你不能去除螺栓的腐蚀， 如果你由于防腐不能拆卸螺钉，则涂渗
则申请穿透油。 透油。 A b

拧紧螺栓，但此时不要扭矩它
拧紧螺母，但此时不要给它们打力矩。 C
们。

当需要理解原理图时，应该使 当需要理解计划表时，应该使用线条来
B b
用箭头来指示流动方向。 指示流动方向。

另外，它应提供象征的定义或
解释、缩略语和手册中使用的 另外，它应提供符号和缩略语的定义或 A a
术语。 解释、以及手册中使用的技术。

力矩是一个项目的重量除以它 力矩是一个项目的重量乘以它的力臂的
C c
的力臂的产物。 乘积。

一旦设计和授权，必须建立全 一旦设想和批准，必须建立全面的修理
面的勤务工艺。 程序。 A

批准的修理部分应包括科学和 申报的加工部分应包括进行加工所需的
A
技术，需要进行修理。 措施和技术。

持续适航工作检查总是包含两 持续适航程序检查通常包括两页：一个
页：一个文本页和一个描述页 文本页和一个图解页。 C
。

在需要折叠的页面上，以允许 在需要折叠的页面上，以这样的态度来
B
页码可见的方式折叠。 折叠，并保证页码可变。

做步骤1到4以确保没有径向载 做步骤1到4以确保没有轴向载荷施加到
C
荷施加到轴上。 杆上。
暂时地将挂钩连接到对应的结 稳固连接钢索到附近的结构上。
A a
构上。
将O形环安装在圆柱形轴承的中 将O形环安装在球形轴承的内部凹槽中
C c
部凹槽中。 。

小心地把阀门组件放置到位， 小心地把组件阀门放置到位，并安装垫
并安装垫片和螺栓。 片和螺帽。 B b

检查部件的表面以及相关区域 检查部件的内部以及相邻区域。
。 A

拆除校装销，安装能够阻止控 拆除能够阻止控制舵面自由移动的校装
C c
制舵面自由移动的设备。 销和设备。

当反推放出时，确保人员远离 当反推运动时，确保人员远离飞机。
B
飞机。
如果有发动机火警探测系统， 如果发动机火警探测系统正常工作，描
描述、给出工作原理，并说明 述，给出操作方法，并说明如何使用。 B b
如何使用。
此章节包括了接通、感应、计
此章节包括了啮合、感受、计算、反馈
算、放大、控制、作动和警告 、控制、作动和警告装置。 B b
装置。

原理图由被认为是输出源头的 原理图应排除被认为是输出源头点的发
A a
发电机、油箱和蓄压器组成。 动机、油罐和油箱。

此任务检查单用于确认机组与
此任务检查用于确认飞行人员与乘务员
乘务员之间的内话通讯正常工 C b
作。 之间的内话通讯正常工作。

滤油器内如有金属残留物，立 滤油器内如有金属颗粒，应确认滤芯的
A
即检查滤芯是否有磨损。 磨损情况。

如果发现的问题得不到彻底解 型号合格证的颁发与否取决于是否彻底
决，就不会向申请方颁发型号 B
解决了发现的问题。
合格证。

确保夹钳的位置与您在拆卸过 确保夹钳的方向与您在拆卸过程中的方
A a
程中的位置齐平。 向一致。

将车辆拉至特定的、可以使用 将车辆拉至可以使用标准程序的安全区
C c
程序的区域。 域。

连接着单个泵出口的压力电门 压力电门连接的单个泵出口用于指示泵
B
用于指示泵的状态。 的状态。

制造商可以发布程序，对发现
的各种不适航的状况提供建议 制造商可以建立程序，对发现的各种不 A a
。 安全状况提供技术支持。

充气活门位于前起落架减震支 充气活门可以在前起落架顶部的减震支
B b
柱顶部。 柱上面找到。

安全打开相应发动机上的左右 依次执行以下工作以安全打开相应发动
侧反推来依次执行以下工作。 机上的左右侧推力杆。 A

列出机械员工具箱内通常不包 将机械员日常工作中工具箱内所需的工
含的工作所需的工具、设备和 具、设备和器材列出来。 B b
器材。

阀门故障的主要原因是燃油的
阀门故障的主要原因是液压油的污染。 C
磁屑。
请参阅授权的制造商维修手册
请参阅相应的供货维修手册。 A
。
必须记录生效日期、生产号和 尝试确认生效日期、修订号和修订日期
C c
修订日期（如适用） （如适用）。

注意：确保供应水系统没有压 警告：确保整个水系统未加压。加压系
力。加压的系统会造成人身伤 统可能会造成人身伤害。 A
害。
定位信号由收发机提供，数据 定位信号由收发机处理，数据传输到空
C c
传输到空中交通管制。 中交通管制。

工作准备总是第一个步骤，收 第一个步骤有时是工作准备，收尾或收
A
尾或收工是接下来的步骤 工是接下来的步骤

这些测试校验设备和工具是用 这些测试检查设备和工具是用来确定产
来制造适航性产品的。 品适航性的。 C

航道与跑道中心线对齐,下滑道 航道与跑道中心线平行,下滑道与跑道 B
与跑道入口成恒定角度。 出口成恒定角度。

保存好拆下标签的零件，此方 用标签识别拆下的零件，此方法将有助
A
法将有助于随后的装配过程。 于子部件的安装。

打开车门的机械员没有遵守规 机械员在未遵守规定的安全预防措施的
舱定的安全预防措施，造成了 情况下打开舱门，很容易造成站在舱门 C
站在附近的人员受伤。 附近的人员受伤。

如果你发现从通风口桅杆排出 如果你发现不寻常的空气量从主排气口
的空气量不正常，做系统测试 排出，做功能测试。 B
。

使用词对词的更换同时更换句
不但要更换单词还要使用另一种结构。 A
式。

张力连杆组件将张力负载从轴 扭力连杆组件能将扭力载荷从轴传递到
心传递到减震支柱。 减震支柱。 C c

当你拆下冠环扇形件时，小心 拆下法兰盘时，小心不要造成冠环扇形 A a
不要造成法兰盘损坏。 件损坏。

如果起落架门是做为一个整体 如果作为一个内部结构，起落架门只能
结构，它们只能显示在第32章 显示在第32章。 B
。

应对机舱内或发动机的烟雾报 手册中专门描述了如何应对飞机起火或
A a
警有特定的处理说明。 冒烟的紧急情况的处理措施。

扭矩计可以显示传动轴的输出 指示系统必须显示扭矩计传动轴的可用
A a
扭矩。 输出扭矩。

除此之外，本段列出了由运营
商来安装的最低设备的综合清 此外，本节可能包含可以由制造商来安 C c
装的设备的综合清单。
单。

包含飞机持续适航程序的主要 飞机的主要适航文件包含在维护手册中
B a
文件是飞机维修手册。 。
勤务通告、勤务信函包含在技 技术参考文件包括必要的文件清单，如
术参考文件清单中。 服务通告、服务信函等。 C

对压力系统进行工作时会导致
人员受伤。 增压系统会导致正在工作的人员伤亡。 C

始终遵守预防措施，然后保持 始终遵守如下预防措施以保持电线处于
C c
电线处于良好状况。 良好状况。

遵守当地规定，正确使用或丢 遵守局方规定，正确使用或丢弃封严胶 B b
弃溶剂。 。

从标有 ANTENNA SIDE记号的新 从新垫圈一侧撕掉保护膜，然后标记“

A a
垫圈上撕掉保护膜。 ANTENNA SIDE“。

大多数次要结构对飞机的性能 多数次要结构的重要性与飞机的性能有
B b
有重要影响。 关。

当升降飞机时，始终保持水平 升降飞机时使飞机处在平衡状态。 B
姿态。

在接触到升降舵调整片前缘时 当连接到升降舵调整片前缘时，将指示
B b
，将指示器归零。 器一次性归零。

要给刹车系统引气，操作手泵 全行程操作手泵手柄以给刹车系统引气 C c
手柄通过系统的全部行程。 。

飞行控制运行所需的压力来源 液压系统的主要功能是为飞行控制系统
于起主要作用的液压系统。 的操作提供压力。 C

对于所有飞机在起飞和飞行过 在起飞和飞行期间，对于飞机的各种发
程中发生的所有发动机故障， B
动机故障，应执行相应程序。
应提供相应的程序。

如果温度值可能超过允许的限 如果温度值可能超过最大限度，减少用
A a
度，切断电源。 电。

确保杆和滚柱之间有连接。 确保杆和滚轮之间有间隙。 C

刻痕能阻止活塞在套筒中的自 刻痕能防止自由运动的活塞在套筒中。
B
由运动。

方向舵踏板的止动螺钉不恰当 方向舵脚蹬上的止动螺栓的不恰当调节
C
的调节会带来伤害。 会造成损坏。

扰流板回到原位后，保证和襟 在副翼返回中心之后，保证它们和襟翼
A
翼对齐。 相连。

取一份燃油样品，并进行一项 获取一份燃油资料，并分析水含量。 B
水污染测试。
当你使用产生火花的电气设备 当你使用产生火花的电气设备时，请穿
B b
时，请戴上护目镜。 上防护服。
确保告诫灯亮的时间不超过3秒 确保警告灯在3秒内点亮。 C c
。
飞机性能的每一项应包括与细 飞机性能的每一项应包括基于数据的重
A
节有关的异常条件的阐述。 要条件的阐述。

所有的流量控制装置应该包含
所有的流量控制装置应该包含在内，如
在内，如单向活门、燃油泵、 B
检查活门、燃油泵、蓄压器。
蓄压器。

这些安全警告满足维修区工作 这些安全提示有必要做为维修区工作要
A
的全部要求。 求。

CAP通常包括两页：一页文本和 CAP包括两种：一种文字表示的，一种
一页示意图。 是示意图。 B b

从分析结果发现，有部件和相
关区域显示出安全性能较低的 故障分析结果显示，某些部件和区域现 A a
有些安全指标达不到设计要求。
迹象。

制造商将封面信息做为指引在 封面上包含的信息将由制造商自行决定
C
左侧列出。 。

闭合电瓶电路给应急出口灯供
应急出口灯由电瓶电路控制。 A
电。

制动系统是用来减少停车时间
或在发动机关车的情况下使螺 在发动机低速运转或螺旋桨低速旋转时 B
旋桨停止转动。 ，制动系统能快速刹住。

如果一个公司出版的手册被使 如果一个公司使用了按自己的样式出版
用，那么该手册的格式和布局 的手册，那么手册的格式和布局须遵循 A
即纳入规范的要求。 本规范。

CAP是包含飞机持续适航程序的 CAP是飞机持续适航的初始文件，由相 B
主要文件。 关程序组成。

CAP中要说明产品与正常检查之 前言中包含CAP与产品正常检验程序的
C
间的程序关系。 关系。

如果没有正确对接销子和座椅 如果座椅没有连接合适的销子，则销子
，则会使销子和座椅受到损坏 B
和座椅都会损坏。
。

记住,STE的初级目标是让读者 记住,STE的主要目的是让读者能够立即
能够立即反应他们所读到的每 理解他们所读到的每一句话。 C
一句话。

动词以批准的表格列出,不要使 给出了动词允许使用的形式。不要使用
C
用表中未列出的动词。 未列出的动词形式。

使用“降低”更好，因为它描 使用“增加”更好，因为它描述的是压
述的是压力，而不是监测压力 力，而不是监测压力的指示器。 B
的指示器。

FAR 23部法规要求所有其他适 FAR 23部法规或者其他适用法规所要求

C
用法规的信息都包括在内。 的所有信息都会包括在内。
检查单可能也提供 检查单也确认了一些关于飞机操作的辅
A a
与飞机操作相关的信息 助信息。

本规范反应了联邦航空管理局 本规范是根据联邦航空管理局的咨询通 C
对咨询通告的要求。 告而制定的。

本文件中没有任何一个部分是 未经出版商书面许可， 本文件任何部

C c
没有得到出版商书面许可的。 分不得以任何形式复制。

警告，如果你不正确听从指挥 如果没有正确遵循警告里的要求，将会
C b
，则会导致人员伤亡。 导致人员伤亡。

检查单后面可能还有附加的信 检查单后面可能还有附加的信息，以便
息，以便飞行员更好地理解怎 飞行员更好地理解检查单中措施的原因 C
样实施检查单。 。

如果你不能轻易地安装校装销 如果你不能轻易地安装开口销，调节杆
B
，调整杆的长度。 的尺寸。
报废损坏的部件后，保留所有 保留所有可用的部件，报废那些损坏的 C
可用的。 。

确保检查活门上的箭头指向地 确保单向活门上的指针偏离地面供应管
面供应管道的方向。 道的方向。 A

驾驶舱话音记录器记录了飞行 驾驶舱黑匣子记录了飞行过程中四个视
B
过程中四个音频输入的信号。 频输出的信号。

刹车系统介绍了如何判断故障 刹车系统解释了如何识别即将出现的问
问题以及如果发生故障如何处 C C
题以及如果发生故障怎么办。
理。

在每页的底部打印页码和发行 在每页的底部输入页码和发行或修订数
B
或修订日期。 据。

参考数据应包括标准和可用发 系统数据必须涵盖常规和可用发动机和
动机和螺旋桨设备以及燃油和 螺旋桨装置以及燃油和润滑油系统。 A a
滑油系统。

如果你不能断开杆和活塞，可 如果你不能接合杆和活塞，新杆的长度
C c
能量错了新杆的长度。 可能是不正确的。

结构或设备大修可以造成基本 基本质量和重心改变后需要进行结构或
A a
质量和重心协调的改变。 设备的改装。

如果不做这个改装，这个单元 如果做了改装，这个装置的使用寿命会 A a
的维修寿命可能会比平时短。 比预计的寿命长。

给连接在上述部件的锁控装置 给连接在上述部件的锁控装置喷上润滑
A
喷上防锈剂。 剂。

涂料足够柔软，用塑料楔子将 涂料足够柔软，用胶铲子将其去除。
其去除。 A
结构类别分为三类：主要的、 结构类别分为三类：主要的、次要的、
C
次要的、必需的。 第三位的。

不要使用金属物件，可能会割 不要使用金属制品，可能会划伤或损坏 C
到或损坏上位锁弹簧表面。 上位锁弹簧表面。

如果不正确地操作部件，则出 如果不正确地操作部件，则出现划伤是
现凹痕是不被允许的。 不被允许的。 A

开口式刮油环的安装属于临时 开口式刮油环的安装属于临时修理，在
修理，在前起落架拆下做其他
前起落架拆下做其他的维修或者定检的 B b
的维修或者大修的时候，需要
时候，需要被定期修理。
被更换。

小心确认接头尽可能靠近面板 小心确认探头尽可能靠近面板的天线支
的天线支架而不要碰到天线。 架而不要碰到天线。 C c

在受影响的区域投入使用防腐 在被影响的区域投入使用防腐化合物来
B b
化合物来阻止腐蚀进程。 彻底阻止腐蚀。

确保通过管路的油液没有杂质
确保液压油流经管路没有阻碍。 A a
。

当火焰开始时，温度增加并造 当起火时，温度升高并使探测器工作。 C
成触发器工作。

如果划痕没有穿透保护层，则 如果腐蚀没有透过涂层，则部件可以使
B
部件可以使用。 用。

确保面板上的显示符合罐内的 确保仪表上的指示与油箱内的油量一致
性质。 。 C c

如果你顶部朝下地安装上阻力 如果你反向地安装上阻力杆，在放下期
杆，在收起期间它将撞击到下 B b
间它将撞击到下阻力杆。
阻力杆。

适当情况下，标题页应包含飞 适当情况下，标题页应包含飞机序列号
C
机航班号和注册号。 和注册号。

调试势能表，直到听不到扬声 调节电压表，直到你听不到话筒的声音
A c
器的警报。 。

为使蠕变过程变得更慢，减少 为使固化过程变得更慢，减少你对化合
C
你对复合材料的加热。 物的加热。

在使用材料之前，人员必须熟 最先熟悉紧急撤离程序的人可以使用材
B
悉紧急安全程序。 料。

如果你不能去除螺栓的腐蚀， 如果由于腐蚀不能拆卸螺钉，你可以涂
C c
则用油浸泡。 渗透油。

我们减少了元件的长度，以减 我们增加了导线的长度，以增加导线的
C c
少元件的电容。 电阻。

球型接头很少应用于现代飞机 因为可以减小摩擦力，滚珠轴承广泛应
，因为它减少了摩擦力。 用于现代飞机。 C c
应该定义并解释符号，并提供
应该用手册来定义和解释符号，缩略语
手册中术语和缩略语的使用方 A a
，术语的使用。
法。
每一个点处的宽深值不能大于
每一个点处的宽深比不少于30。 C
30。

在极限装载检查中，最常见的
在极限装载检查中，最常见的错误是把
的错误是没有将滑油单位从夸 B
滑油单位从夸脱转换成加仑。
脱转换成加仑。

位置发射机安装在PCU上方。 PCU安装在位置传感器的上方。 C

水平安定面的运动是通过径向
水平安定面的运动可以实现径向配平。 C
配平实现的。

标题页的背面应保持空白，以 标题页的背面应有充分的内容，以免被
备需要插入可能遗漏的飞机序 插入遗漏的飞机序列号和注册号。 A b
列号和注册号。

手册应包含要求飞机的运营人 飞机的运营人需要保持手册处于最新状
要采用的相关程序或措施的信 态，因此手册内容应包含关于程序或采
B
息，以保持手册处于现行状态 取的措施的相关信息。
。

常规的程序检查单应准确，目 常规的程序检查单应明确目的，旨在提
的是提醒飞行员检查关于缩略 醒飞行员关于检查的事项，提供包括缩
语及其涉及的事项，不提供任 A
略和涉及的细节。
何系统操作细节。

如果第9节包含了限制条件，那 如果第9节给出了限制条件，则那些可
么其中应对可选系统或设备的 供选择的系统或设备应说明符合这些限 A b
限制条件进行说明，供读者参 制条件，可供读者参考。
考。

机身制造商在维修手册中适当 机身制造商将部件制造商提供的“共同
的部分会加入部件制造商提供 感兴趣”的数据汇入维修手册中。 B
的“共同利益”数据。

当所需的维修程序不长且相对 当要求维修程序不得过长、内容简明扼
简单时，可以将上述的内容组 要时，可以将上述内容进行组合，编入 B
合在一个标题下，称为维修实
维修实践中。
践。

格式和排版由CAP生产者提议，
其批准需经过与现有文件格式 格式和排版由CAP生产者定义，并预期
与现有的文件格式和排版保持一致。 A
和排版的对比。
在某些情况下，如果数据表明
在某些情况下，延长实际飞行小时将影
疲劳问题发生在比最初预测的
响疲劳检查，因此会造成维修检查的小 B
飞行小时数更多，则可以放缓 时数远低于最初预测。
检查频率。

机外空气温度是静止大气温度
机外空气温度是静止大气温度，可以从
，可以从机上温度显示器读取 机上温度显示器读取，也可以从地面气
，也可以从地面气象源获得， B
象台获取，为减少误差需要调整仪表错
并根据仪表误差和压缩效应调
误和压缩系数效应。
整。

拧松气阀螺母一两圈释放气压
拧松气阀螺母一两圈缓慢释放液压。液
。排放减震柱液压油可以通过 A
拆除单向活门进行。 力油排放从减震柱或单向活门处进行。

组件延伸至壳体组件，并与伸 组件延伸至壳体组件，并与通讯控制组
B
缩控制组件相连。 件相连。

这会导致组件的机械部件的变 这会导致组件的机械装置碰撞。 A
形。
当涡轮机匣被冷却后，涡轮叶 当涡轮机匣被冷却后，涡轮叶片间距变
B c
尖距变小。 小。

某些部件的温度不超限因此该 该部件中的空气的旋转和特殊部件的温
A a
部件中的空气能够流动。 度均不超限。

在开始检查前，你应该拆除登 在开始检查前，你应该拆除舱门和组件
机门和整流罩。 。 A

飞机燃油供应系统给来自中央 飞机燃油系统提供燃油，这些燃油是从
A
或主油箱的燃油增压。 中央或主油箱增压的。

臭氧转换器防止臭氧对膜材料 臭氧转换器防止空气分离模块受损，以
进行氧化，从而避免空气分离 使得臭氧对膜材料进行氧化。 B a
模块受损。

对备用进气风扇插头进行连续 对备用排气风扇插座进行连续性检查。
C
性检查。
如果维护信息未在"当前状 如果维护消息未在"当前状态"中显示，
态"中显示，则出现了间歇性故 则出现了次级故障。 B
障。
优先计算机借助于关联逻辑， 优先计算机比较以下内容：来自部件的
将来自部件的输出参数与优先 输出参数与优先计算机自身的可用数据 B b
计算机自身的可用数据进行比
，这个数据是借助于关联逻辑产生的。
较。

如果表格参数或条款与机型不 如果使用可以达到相同目的的对等物，
符，必须使用批准的等效部件 格式参数或规则能够用于不适合的飞机 A a
。 类型。
此章节讲述了为获得勤务信息
，经销商或有授权的服务站应 本节应建议飞机运营商与经销商或认证
C
与飞机运营商建立相互联系和 服务站建立联系，以获得服务和信息。
沟通。

本程序指出，在飞机进行任何
改装之前，美国联邦航空局应 本程序指出，在飞机进行任何改装之初
，应联系美国联邦航空局，以确保飞机 A
与厂家确认其不违反飞机的适
的适航性。
航性。

用与修改部分相对的左边空白
用左边空白处的黑色水平方向直线或用
处的黑色垂直线或用“手形指 B
“手形指示”来确定插图的修改。
示”来确定插图的修改。

如果不能安全执行此操作，应
提供警告不要再次尝试此操作 如果不能安全执行此操作，应提供警告
不要尝试此操作。 C c
。

涡轮发动机转速表通常以涡轮 涡轮发动机速度计通常以涡轮转动的最
额定最大转速的百分比来测量 B
大速度的百分比来衡量。
转速。

增压飞机、涡轮增压飞机或涡 对于涡轮增压或涡轮螺旋桨飞机，可以
轮螺旋桨动力飞机，对于最高 A a
飞行高度有陈述。 提供最大高度限制。

集成电路一般包括那些具有集 集成电路总是包括那些具有一体化元件
成元件、以单片结构执行完整 、以整体结构实现完整电路功能的器件 B
电路功能的器件。 。

这些项目将由ABC进行评估，根
据相关飞机配置，并为了满足 这些项目将由ABC进行评估，如果适用
所有人的利益将这些项目添加 于有关的飞机配置，将为了所有人的利
C
益而将这些项目添加到文件中。
到相关文件中。

英语是科学、技术和相关人员 英语是科学、技术和人际关系的国际语
的互通语言。 言。 C

在有设备或材料框架建筑物的 在远离设备或材料成型建筑物的区域进
A
区域进行工作。 行工作。

当液压被释放后，顺序活门移 当液压增压时，要按顺序移动来打开活
B
动到开位。 门。

标题应为飞机维修手册，则所 飞机维修手册的标题应该包含所有技术
有数据包含在其中。 数据。 A a

如果误差超过3度，则要校准罗 如果角度超过3度，则要调整圆规。
B
盘。

除折叠页外，章节的起始页和 除折叠页和章节的起始页外，所有页面
C
所有页面均应双面打印。 均应双面打印。
手册可以是活页形式，耐用， 手册可以是有耐用多环封面的活页形式
C
多环盖，或临时装订。 ，或永久装订。

将五份无损报告送到发动机权
将五份探测报表送到主管工程师。 A a
威人士。
如果定位销断裂，要检查两根
杆。 如果剪切销断裂，要检查牵引杆。 C c

操作调光电门，确保光线强度
运行昏暗的开关，确保光线变化强烈。 B
发生变化。

我们的目的是提供一致的、行 我们的任务是提供完整的、行业标准的 B
业标准化的持续适航方案。 持续适航计划。

如果左CMC失效，会自动打开电 如果左CMC掉落，自动电门会使右CMC提
门，由右CMC提供输出 供输出 A

额外的信息可以通过定期培训 增加的信息可以通过复训要求传达给现
C
要求传达给所有员工。 有员工。

当前货舱热活门关闭时设备冷 当前客舱加热活门关闭时设备冷却控制 A
却端活门打开。 活门打开。

指令要求作动时间必须在28至 在任何一个方向上作动的时间必须在28
40秒之间，且作动电流不得少 至40秒之间，且作动电流不得超过0.5 C
于0.5安培。 安培。

每一页都必须标明原始版本的 每一页都必须标明原刊出版到修订的日
出版日期，直到修订为止。当 期，修订时，也必须标明最新修订版的
B b
有修订时，也必须标明最新修 出版日期。
订版的出版日期。

腐蚀敏感的部位可以安装防腐 易受腐蚀的部位可能有防腐剂。
C c
组件。

OEUs将来自主汇流条的115V交
流电转换成用于排呼叫灯的5V OEUs将来自主汇流条的115V交流电转换
交流电和用于阅读灯的12V交流 成5V和12V的直流电，用于排呼叫灯和
B
阅读灯。
电。

包含大写字母加名词或数字加 项目首字母加名词或者数字加名词的，
名词的条款，通常用于描述某 通常要描述某物的外形和构造。 A
事的形式或特性。

这两个小组分析了现有的可控 这两个小组研究了现有的受控语言，并
语言，并研究了一些维护手册 调查了一些维护手册中的文本。结果证
C a
中的文本。结果证实简单的语
实简化的语言是必要的。
言是必要的。

填隙片在临近结构区域填充空 用密封胶填充补片和相邻结构之间的空
隙需要补封严胶。 隙。 C c
多发飞机的改出螺旋程序可由 多台发动机的改出螺旋程序可以包含在
C b
制造商选择。 飞机制造商的操作手册中。

"紧急"与"异常"之间有不同，
可能还由于飞行时的情况而有 "紧急"情况和"异常"情况之间的区别也 C
可能取决于飞行时的情况。
差异。

扭矩表是指显示传动轴上可输
出的扭矩指示系统。扭矩可以 扭矩表显示传动轴可以输出的扭矩指示
系统。扭矩可以用尺寸表示，如英尺-
用尺寸来表示，如英尺-磅，也 B
磅，或是用百分数、压力等参考术语表
可以用百分数或压力等参考术
语表示。 示。

主齿轮和门是飞机系统的一部
分，在地面上提供主要支持。 主架和门是飞机在地面提供系统主要支
这个系统包括减震柱、转向轴 撑的一部分，包括减震柱、转向轴、牵 C b
、牵引支柱、门、连杆、连接 引支柱、门、连杆、连接螺栓等项目。
螺栓等项目。

起落架是门的结构，收起时被
封闭在起落架舱内。如果门被 起落架是门的结构，被用于装进起落架
做成一个完整结构，它们可以 舱内。如果门是一个完整结构，它们可
A a
仅在第32章显示。 以仅在第32章展示。

任何对最大乘客座位数量的规
定都应声明，是按照乘客人数 针对最大乘客座位数量的任何限制都应
规定，或是按照座位占用特别 加以说明，包括乘客人数或座位占用的 C c
具体限制。
规定。

建立CAP的意图并不是要改变或 CAP对任何不适用于飞机维修的手册或
取代适用的飞机维修手册或服 服务信函部分做更改或替代。 B
务信函的任何部分。

防滑箔的目的是辅助活门减少 防滑箔有助于减少空气流经活门造成的
A
空气通过时的阻力。 滑动噪音。

异常程序部分应包括一份在开 当顺序对安全至关重要时，异常程序部
始操作时检查单，这样编写的 分在开始时应包括一份有关操作顺序的 C b
顺序对飞行安全至关重要。 检查单。

删除某些规则，并将其细则包 删除某些尺寸，并将其概念包含在其他
A
含在其他规则中。 尺寸中。
确保装置底部的两个插口接合
确保装置底部的两个接线板接通。 B b
。
允许在上午9点到下午6点之间 允许在上午9点到下午6点之间进入基地
C
审核基地。 。

定期备份计算机。 定期清理计算机。 B b

将孔铰成比标准尺寸大0.20英 将孔定位成比标准尺寸大0.20英寸。 A
尺。
门是由碳纤维复合塑料制成的 门是由碳纤维增强塑料制成的。
C
。
校准跑道灯连接的电阻。 复核跑道灯连接的电阻。 B b

调整车门操作杆，直到其与连 调整车门操作锁，直到其与连接点对齐 A b
接点连接。 。

检查厕所快速减压装置。 检查厕所定期减压装置。 B

制造商建议您在气流良好的区 制造商强调您在气流良好的区域制备混
域制备混合物。 合物。 B

在向系统中注入新滑油之前， 在系统中注入新滑油之前，建议更换过
B
必须更换油滤。 滤器。
如果只损坏中间的胎面，这个 如果只伤及中间的纹理，这个轮胎是可
B
轮胎是可以使用的。 维护的。

当你移动喷气式管道或带有绝
小心地移动发射管或排气口的保温垫。 A
缘垫的排气孔时要小心。

评测金属规则的维度，来作长 用一个带有毫米刻度的金属尺来测量尺
C c
远的分级。 寸。

如果托架触碰到板，用锉刀去 如果撑杆触及盖板，用填充剂移开不合
除不需要的材料。 适的材料。 B

为了从表中获得准确的性能值 为了从表中获取准确的性能值，需要评
，需要在增量值之间插值。 估增长的中间值。 B b

除去已确定的检查，本段落还 本段还应说明，除了既定的检查外，适
应解释适航管理所要求的其他 航指令可能还要求进行其他检查。 C
检查。

任何或所有部件的销售必须提 本章中任何或所有部件的翻新必须由部
供本章有关的部件生产商数据 A
件生产商完成并提供数据。
。

飞机被正确地系留是飞机维护 飞机所有者和飞行员有责任确保飞机装
C
者和飞行员的责任。 载正常。

运用两层保护性化合物，以保 运用两层保护性成分，以防止密封胶对
护液压油对密封胶的损害。 液压油造成损害。 A

确保标签完全贴在表面上，没 确保标记完全附加到表面上，没有凸起
有气泡。 。 B a

水和乙醇的混合物增加了发动 水的混合物和丙醇增加了发动机的功率
机的功率。 。 A

为防止损坏发动机，稍候装上 为防止损坏发动机，立即在所有开口上
C
所有开口的防护罩。 安装防护罩。

确保转向架滚轮与轨道上的凹 确保支架凸轮与滑轨上的滑块对齐。
B
槽对齐。
当你在附近要运转发动机时， 当你靠近正在运转的发动机时，你必须 A a
你必须要带耳罩。 保护耳朵。
总结句是一节内容的第一句， 主题句是一段话的第一句，也是最重要
C
也是最重要的一句。 的一句。

推荐的检查方案随飞机一并交 飞机交付了推荐的检查程序，以保持它
B
付，以保证其适航性。 们的适航性。

在这些状况下，机构和电气横 在这些情况下，机械和电气俯仰配平系
C
滚调整系统将不能运转。 统将不能工作。

此程序包括删除恒速驱动装置 这个程序包括指令来去除恒速驱动装置
（CSD）的指令。 （CSD）。 A

列出的技术名称是唯一的示例
列出的技术名称只是示例。该列表没有
。这个包括所有可能的技术名 C c
称列表并不完整。 完整地列出所有可能的技术名称。

每个主燃油箱外侧的通气油箱
收集溢出的燃油和来自排气系 每个主燃油箱的通气油箱从外侧防止排 B
气系统中的燃油溢出。
统中的燃油。

同一个词可以既是技术动词也 如果同一个词归入技术名称类别也可以
是技术名词，只要你能够在技
术名词列表或者技术动词列表 归入技术动词类别，那么该词既可以是 C
中找到它。 技术名词，也可以是技术动词。

当飞机处于恒定速度和巡航俯 当飞机处于超常速度和巡航俯仰时, 通
仰角时, 通气油箱内的燃油将 气油箱内的燃油将排空到主燃油箱内。 B
排放到主燃油箱内。

通气油箱排放检查活门使通气 通气油箱排放单向活门使通气油箱内的
油箱内的燃油流动于1号和2号 燃油流入1号及2号主油箱。 A
油箱之间。
如燃油水平在通气油箱有充足 如燃油油位在通气油箱中足够高, 则燃
高度, 则燃油将从通风扇中排 油将从通风戽中排出。 C
出。

故障隔离手册提供信息用于标 飞机上出现的任何故障信息都可以参照
识、定位和修正已经在飞机上 故障隔离手册提供的标识来定位并排故 A
发生的任何故障的信息。 。

飞行数据记录系统给飞机系统 飞行数据记录器系统从飞机系统和传感
和传感器提供并存储飞机指数 C b
器获得并存储飞机参数。
。
对于词典中未批准的词,只有当 仅当一个单词完全或部分是技术名词时
它是技术名称或技术名称的一 B
部分时才可以使用。 ,字典中未被批准的单词才可以使用。

在可能和不得已的情况下，将 在可能和可行的情况下，将引号从定义
标记符号从定义和示范示例的 和批准示例的文本中删除。 C
文本中删除。

技术文件常常由很长的词汇构 技术文件常常包括长词组，在同一句子
成，这些词在句子中的词性只 中这些词的功能是一种词性。 A a
有一种。
对于剩余的非复杂项目，机体
作为对保留的非复杂项目的处理，机体
制造商将信息并入作为手册的 厂家可以将其信息纳入手册。 B
一部分。

如果你在词典里找不到想用的 如果你想用的词不在字典里，在英语字
词，在英语字典中搜索这个词 典中搜索这个词，找到STE字典中列出 C
从而找到最优的近义词。 的最优的同义词。

这些切断活门由切断电门操作 这些由关闭电门操作的切断阀门可以作
，切断电门是安定面配平控制 为稳定器配平控制模块的一部分，隔离
A a
模块的一部分，将液压动力隔 流到尾部的稳定器配平组件的液压动力
离到尾部的安定面配平组件。 。

如果不可用燃油超过FAR23的限 应说明总容量和可用燃油，如果不可用
制，则应说明总容量和可用燃
油并确定提供在飞行中不可用 燃油超过FAR23的限制，应提供确定在 C
飞行中不可用燃油量的信息。
燃油量的信息。

批准的形容词以其基本形式给 形容词会以其批准的基本形式给出，在
出，在适用的情况下，其比较
级和最高级形式要标注在括号 适当的时候，也可给出其比较级和最高
级形式。
B
内。

本手册本节的主题项可以和下 本手册这部分的主题栏和选择信息必须
面展示的顺序一致，除非找到 和下面展示的顺序一致，除非可以确定
有关某架飞机的另一种更为适 另一种不同的顺序更适合某架飞机。 A a
合的顺序。

如果在习惯用法中，相对于全
称更倾向使用缩写的话，则该 应该将缩写包含在标题的括号内，如果 B
缩写也应包括在标题的括号内 平常更喜欢使用缩写而不是全称的话。
。

排故信息可以通过排故图表， 文本和补充图表的组合可以用于显示故
也可以通过文本，或者文本和 障排除信息。 B
补充图表的组合来显示。

下一页有一份变更表，在STEMG 下一页有一份已改变形式，也可以在
B b
网站上也有电子版的。 STEMG网站上以电子格式提供。

STEMG记录了所有减少的变更形 STEMG对生成的所有变更表格及其评估
C
式及其评估。 都有记录。

变更表格的发起人通常需要告
知大家相关的STEMG评估和决定 变更表格的组织通常被告知相关的
STEMG条款和决定。 A
。

ASD感谢所有对本规范做出贡献 ASD感谢所有对本特例做出解释的组织
B
的组织、公司和个人。
、公司和个人。
如果可能，请从技术文档中提
如果可能，将从技术文档中提供足够的
供有效的示例来支持您的措施 A
示例来构建您的想法。
。
简化技术英语(STE)有一个受控
简体技术英语（STE）有一个操纵专用
的通用词典(第2部分)，它提供 词典（第2部分），为您提供了在技术 B b
了在技术文件中最常用的词汇
操纵写作中最常用的单词。
。

当你替换一个词时，一定要确
当你替换一个词时，一定要确保你选择
保你选择的非传统词汇不会改 C
的替代词不会改变句子的意思。
变句子的平均句长。

当被同意的名词中没有技术名
当批准的短语中没有技术名称时，选择
称时，选择一个简短易懂的名 A a
称。 一个简短的词汇从而容易理解。

拆下四个螺钉，将法兰附着到
拆下将法兰固定到盖上的四个螺钉。 C c
盖子上。

对于这个工作专业以外的人来 对于这个空域以外的人来说，这些词很 A
说，这些词很难理解。 难听清楚。

确保在完成该步骤前，先将飞 将飞机拖回初始位置前，应确保已完成 C
机置于初始状态。 该步骤。

禁止将该扭力轴向内侧移动。 该扭力轴不能向内侧移动，因此在拆下
因此，在拆下前，应先拆下外 之前，应先拆下外侧扭力轴。 C
侧扭力轴。

在驾驶舱放置警告标识，告知 在驾驶舱放置警告标识以告知无需操作
人员不要操作飞控舵面。 飞控舵面的人员。 B c

支撑轴产生扭转力，并将扭转 扭力杆组件将扭力负载从轮轴传递到减
力通过扭力杆组件传递到减震 震支柱。 C
支柱上。

实际上，手册中出现的测量值 手册使用的计量单位必须与实际情况保 A a
必须保持一致。 持一致。

应该使用插图，因为插图可以
简化、缩短文本，并使文本更 如果文本复杂、冗长或不易于理解，则 A
应进行解释说明。
易理解。
大翼的主要框架包括隔框、肋 大翼的主要结构包括翼梁、隔框、肋条
、加强筋、内部燃油箱结构、 、内部燃油箱结构、翼尖油箱支撑结构
A
翼尖油箱支撑结构和结构周围 和结构周围的开口。
的开口。

丙酮是重度油污去除剂，适合 异丙醇是重度油污去除剂，适合金属生
金属表面预处理和织物蒙皮喷 B
漆前去油。 产处理和织物表面喷漆前除油。

螺旋桨飞机最常用的两类发动 直升机最常用的两类发动机是活塞发动
机是往复式发动机和涡喷发动 机和涡轮发动机。 C b
机。
为了充分展示和理解，应将复
为了演示方便和便于理解，复杂系统应
杂系统分解成子系统，而非总 A a
体主图表。 简化为系统功能，而不是总体主图表。

简介中应包含按主题排列的字
简介中应包含数字索引的主题，以帮助
母索引，以帮助定位所需的电 确定所需的电路。 B a
路。

目录应显示章或子章以及系统
索引应显示系统电路所在的章或子章。 C c
路径所在的位置。

系统中每个组件的目的、操作 系统中每个组件的功能和构成应被描述
A
应和位置一样被描述。 得和位置一样好。

这些FAA咨询通告为制造商和所 这些FAA咨询通告提供了关于初始适航
有者/运营人提供了关于持续适 要求的具体信息，用于所有者/运营人 B b
航要求的具体信息。 。

复杂的句子结构、多个含义和 复杂的句子结构以及英语单词的多重含
术语以及多个英语单词会对读 C a
义和同义词会对读者造成混淆。
者造成混淆。

如果必要的话，告诉你的读者 如果可能的话，告诉你的读者会发生什
如果没有安全指令会发生什么 么，判断是否未遵守安全指令。 A
。

危险是否被清楚说明，以致于 如果清楚说明了危险，执行任务的人就
执行任务的人是否有必要了解 会了解风险，且更加小心。 C
风险，并更加小心。

正确的标识很重要，因为它表 正确的符号很重要，因为它展示了文本
明了文本的不同部分是如何构 不同部分的构成情况，并防止了错误。 A
成的，并防止了误解。

为了供应不过量，沿着侧壁和 为了供应对称均衡，沿着侧壁和天花板
天花板中心的出口将空气分离 中心的出口将空气分离。 C
。

旅客客舱剩余空气通过地板管 旅客客舱排气途经地板格栅到再循环系
路到再循环系统或者头顶板。 统或者头顶板。 C

混合室是一个带有外包装和内 混合室是一个带有外壳和内套筒的圆柱
C
衬的圆柱状管路组件。 状管路组件。

风挡出口是在机长和副驾遮光 风挡出口是在机长和副驾操作板的前面
B
板的前面。 。

系统设计确保两个交流电源不
能先后供应动力给同样的转接 系统设计确保两个交流电源不能同时供
应动力给同样的转换汇流条。 C
汇流条。
热电池组件通常接受动力，从 热电池汇流条通常从主电池或者主电池
C c
主电池或者主电池充电器中。 充电器中获得动力。

当你选择这些按钮中的其一时
当你选择这些开关中的其一时，模拟数
，模拟数字显示只出现电压和 A
字显示只出现电压和频率。
频率。

当自动飞行断开时，能从口语 当自动飞行断开时，能从听觉警告模块
C
警告模块听到口头警告。 听到听觉警告。

自然的转移传感器是在升降舵 中立的转移传感器是在升降舵感觉和定
感觉和中间组件的右侧。 中组件的右侧。 C

耦合器问收发机要另一个调谐
对于校准步骤，耦合器向收发机要求另
电源的简短降级目的是步骤简 C
化。 一个调谐电源的短暂降级。

KNOTS在性能图和表格中一直被 为了防止在节(KTS)和英里每小时(MPH)
使用，以防止将节(KTS)和英里 之间进行选择，规定在性能图表和表格 A a
每小时(MPH)定义混淆。 中始终使用KNOTS。

为方便阅读和相互参照，如可 为了精简阅读和交叉索引，插图、图标
行，插图、图形和表格应垂直 和表格如可行，应纵向排列布局。 B b
排列布局。

应理解航线维修是为飞行前对 作为对飞行的保障航线维修工作应被理
飞机实施的工作，目的是确保 解。航前需要实施检查以确保完成安排 A
飞机安装了预定的装置。 的飞行。

在地面模式，在液压系统没有 在地面时，在液压系统增压的情况下，
增压的情况下，方向舵的正常 方向舵的正常位置是向下偏转到伺服控 B
位置是向下偏转到伺服控制止
动位。 制止动位。

对于增压的飞机以及涡轮增压 为飞机增压和发动机涡轮增压或螺旋桨
或涡桨为动力的飞机，应规定 动力设置，应说明最高限制。 B
最高飞行高度限制。

当控制手柄处于DN位置时，起 将控制手柄推到DN位置时，货舱门将打
落架舱门会打开，起落架解锁 开，传动装置解锁可用，收回后则关闭 B a
并伸出，然后舱门关闭。 。

在B747引进时期，仅每个月必 在B747刚引进的阶段，仅一个月就需要
须替换或增补的手册就有4000 C b
更换或增加约4000页到手册中。
页以上。

带有理由或不带有理由的文本 文本可以按照是否有理由来编写成一栏
可以准备成为一栏或两栏。警
告、注意和备注可用于标示出 或两栏。警告、注意和注释可以用来突
C
或强调重点。 出或强调要点。

确保飞机中心线两侧的燃油供 确保飞机中心线两侧的燃油流量相同。 A
给量相等。

确保叶片打开时指示灯点亮。 确保叶片展开的过程中指示灯点亮。 B b
至少完整操作副翼两个全循环 操作副翼最小两个单位，至其最大行程
B
至其最大行程。 。
如果意外作动电门在干燥风挡
上喷洒了离水液，使用化合物 如果意外将疏雨液喷到了干燥风挡上， C
需用溶剂进行清除。
进行清洁。

确保表显数值与油箱加油量一
致。 确保仪表指示与油箱油量一致。 C c

液压释压时，确保手柄未触碰
使用液压时应确保控制手柄持续移动。 A
到止动点。

确保使用与舱门表面相似的材
确保舱门材料与其附近表面材料相同。 A
料对舱门进行打磨。

确保机外环境温度增加500摄氏 确保探头温度增加至500摄氏度以上。
度。 C

装有中心油箱的飞机可以参考 下面的说明阐述了装有机身油箱的飞机
A
下面的说明。 的操作规范。

取一份燃油样本并做水污染测 获取燃油样本后执行测试，目测是否有
B
试。 水的污染。

如果飞机停靠在廊桥，一定确 如果飞机停在斜坡上,确保轮挡在位。 C c
保轮档在位。

主要文件包括飞机初始适航程 飞机维修手册的主要文件包括飞机持续 A a
序，称为飞机维修手册。 运行程序。

与飞机操作有关或必要的其他 说明中应包括飞机操作相关或适用的其 B
程序可包括在手册中。 他程序。

用于发动机启动、拖动、起飞 所需燃油包括用于发动机启动、滑行、
、慢速爬升、下降和45分钟使 起飞、正常爬升、下降和45分钟备用的 C c
用的燃油，即为消耗燃油。 燃油。

本文件给出了不同的扭矩值和 本程序给出了适用的差异扭矩值和条件
B
其适用的条件。 。

螺栓在2点钟位置时，从后面观 当你从前面看泵的时候，螺栓会固定在
A
察泵。 2点钟的位置。

如果飞机在起落架上或被顶起 该限制适用于飞机在起落架上或千斤顶
C
，请查阅此文件。 上。

副翼回到初始位后，确保它们 襟翼移动到中立位后，确保它们与缝翼
A
与缝翼垂直。 齐平。

用于指示较低压力的仪表使用 用于指示较低压力的压力表使用的软管
更易弯曲的管子，线圈更易散 更加柔软，可以随时解开和盘绕。 A
开和缠绕。

磁屑探测器用于探测排油系统 油屑探测器用于检测回油系统中黑色金
中含铁和不含铁金属的尺寸和 属和有色金属的尺寸和数量。 C c
数量。
添加 0.02 mm 以使得标准万向 添加 0.02 mm 以获得标准球形联轴器
C
轴正确脱开。 的正确间隙。

该部件的一个性质是防止其旋 该部件的一个特点是防止其旋转倾斜轴
A
转轴与地球自转平行。 与地球旋转同步。

本部分规定了安排和识别某些 本部分提供了安排和识别特定主题素材
C
主题材料的同类方法。 的统一方法。

只有制造商和运营商共同努力
只要制造商和运营商共同完成工作，就
，才能保持整个飞机机队持续 B
适航。 能保留完整飞机机队的持续适航性。

为避免由于磁感线引起的温度 不要将热电偶导线与电源线靠近或相交
读数误差，不要将热电偶与电 ，以防止由于磁通线引起的错误温度读 C
缆邻近或交叉。 数。

对现有分析进行了审查，以确 现有的分析被审查，以确定可能阻止安
定可能显示出较低安全裕度的 全边际降低的部件和区域。 B b
组件和区域。

可以通过沿电缆缠绕碎布的方 在钢索严重疲劳区域进行近距离检查，
式来对电缆关键疲劳区域进行 可沿钢索用棉布清洁。 A a
仔细检查。

推荐将燃油节约信息整合到本 此节整合了推荐的燃油使用信息，以便
节中，为了向飞行员展示在飞 向飞行员展示如何在飞行过程中做到尽 A
行中尽量减少燃油的使用。 量少的使用燃油。

制造商的刊头、出版物标题、 生产商发行人栏目，出版物名称，飞机
飞机型号和发行或修订日期必 类型和发布或修订日期都应该出现在活
B b
须出现在活页文件的所有页面 页文件所有页面中。
上。

每一章节的内容都要有一份参 每一节的正文之前都要有一份目录，以
考目录，以字母顺序标出各段 C
页码顺序列出各段落的标题。
落的主题。

为了便于阅读和相互参考，插 为了便于阅读和相互对照，示意图、插
图、图形和表格如果可行的话 图和表格在实际情况下应以垂直布局呈 B
，应以垂直布局呈现。 现。

STE开发了帮助读者理解他们所 STE是为了帮助英语文档的读者理解他
阅读的英语内容的规则，尤其 们所阅读的内容而开发的，特别是当这
是当这些读者的母语不是英语 些读者的母语不是英语的时候。 C c
的时候。

虽然建议使用阴影、交叉阴影
、筛选或类似的方法，但使用 虽然建议使用阴影、剖面线、筛选技巧 B
或类似的方法，但使用颜色是允许的。
颜色是允许的。
任何以ATA No. 100格式发布的 任何以ATA No. 100格式发布的技术数
技术数据将满足本规范的要求 据将满足本规范的要求，但在预见不需
A
，但在没有预见ATA-100要求的 要满足ATA-100要求的情况下，将使用
情况下，将使用第19段格式。 第19段格式。

406MHz数字信号可标记应急定 406MHz数学信号可由应急定位发射器来
位发射器并发送其位置。 识别并发送其位置。 A b

确保勤务车不要撞到飞机。 确保勤务柜不要放在飞机的旁边。 B

如有必要进一步降低钢索张力 如有必要进一步调节钢索长度，可使用
A a
，可使用张力计。 旋转带子。
用侧风分量除以飞机速度，得 将侧风部件和飞机分开，来得到正确的
B
到修正值。 速度。
燃油测温包的阻抗改变燃油的 电感改变燃油测温灯泡的燃油温度。 A a
温度。
如果滑油渗漏超过每分钟5滴， 如果燃油渗漏超过每分钟5滴，更换密
B b
检查密封胶。 封胶。

确保发动机进气区前面有安全 确保工程排气区前面有安全阻碍。 A
界线。

如果你使用太多的计划，完成 如果你使用太多的墨水，完成将是不满
将是不理想的。 意的。 A

左1号登机门1号地板离右前边
缘6英寸处有一条1英寸深的凹 左1号登机门有一块地板到右前边缘6英
寸处有一条1英寸深的凹坑。 B
槽。

出口在侧壁边缘和顶板中央分 沿侧壁和顶板中央的出口将空气分开均 C
离空气，以便全面供气。 匀供气。

RESET测试电门用于转移故障记 RESET测试电门用于消除故障记录。当
录。当VERFIY(验证)和绿色GO
灯打开时, 按下RESET(复位)电 VERFIY(确认)和绿色GO灯亮时,
按下 C
RESET(复位)电门。
门。

当整体存储区域已满时，新的 当整个存储区域已满时，新的故障数据
故障数据,例如当前飞行段的数 ,即当前飞行段的数据，将替换/覆盖故
C
据，将替换/覆盖具有最早故障 障历史中最早的飞行段的数据。
历史航班的数据。

通风系统使用不同的压力将空 通风系统使用压差将空气抽出飞机外。
气抽出飞机外。空气流经客舱 空气从客舱厨房和盥洗室区域的机外通 C
厨房和盥洗室区域然后到机外
风孔流出。
通风孔。

感应管内的气压保持故障压力 气压在感应管内保持不变,故障压力电
电门处于关闭位置。当该气压 门处于关闭位置。其它2个压力电门关
B b
由于过热或火警状况增加时， 闭时，气压出现过热或者火警情况。
其它2个压力电门关闭。
回流系统使用一个风扇使客舱
再循环系统使用一个风扇使客舱空气进
空气进入混合总管。这个系统
入分配总管。这个系统减少空调组件所 C
减少所需供气空调组件的数量 需供气量。
。

进气风扇和排气风扇用V形带卡
箍安装。箭头指示正确的流向 进气风扇和排气风扇用V形带卡尺安装
。按照箭头显示的方向安装。进气风扇 B
。进气风扇和排气风扇可互换
和排气风扇是可更换的。
。
风扇作为单级风扇和整体电动 风扇是单级风扇，整体传动电动机，电
机各有一个单向活门并作为一 机各自有一个单向活门并作为一个组件 A
个组件安装。 安装。

没有冷却气流供应时，设备冷 冷却气流不足时，设备冷却系统低流量
却系统有低流量探测器来发出
探测器发出警告。当飞机在地面时，如
警告。在地面上，当供气系统 C a
果供气系统中探测到低流量，机组人员
检测到低流量时，机组人员会 呼叫喇叭响起。
发出呼号警报。

当你安装天线时，校准箭头必 当你安装天线时，定位箭头必须指向前
C
须靠前点。 方。
使用手机旁边的按键来适应体 为了加大容量，使用手机侧面的旋钮。 A
积。

每一页的底部应该具有页码和 每一页应该在末行加粗页码和印刷或更 B
发布或修订日期。 新的日期。

如果它大大地改变了巡航表现 如果重量对巡航性能有显著影响，也应
，重量的效果也应该被考量。 该将其影响列入计划。 C

解释如何识别即将出现的问题 说明如何确认多发问题，以及如果故障
，以及发生故障时应采取的措 B b
发生应该做什么。
施。
它包括感知、计算、激活、指 它包括感知、处理、启动、指示和告诫
示和警告装置，例如计算机、 装置，例如处理器、作动机构、起动机
A
伺服机构、激活器、警告灯等 、告诫灯等。
。
噪音吸收器通过排气来减小噪 噪声抑制器降低废气产生的噪声。
C c
声。
只要可以简化、缩短文本或使 缩略语应该用在所有需要简化、缩短文
文本更易于理解，都应使用插 章或使文章易于理解的时候。 B
图。

“具体要求”部分描述了特殊
材料的实体的一致性布局和辨 “详细要求”部分提供了编排和标识特
定主题材料的统一方法。 C c
别的方法。

如果按照运营商设计的标准设 如果以制造商指定的标准设备来提供，
备装配，卫生间包括镜子、座 盥洗室包括镜子、座椅、橱柜、分装设 C c
椅、台盆、冲洗设备等。 备等物品。

焊接过程中，请佩戴防护罩。 在拆卸程序中，请佩戴防护罩。 B
地球仪将在大约15秒后变得稳
地球仪将在大约15秒后变得稳定。 A a
定。
无需从法兰（27）上拆下铭牌 无需从法兰（27）上拆下名字盘（33） B
（33）。 。
注：在随后的测试中，当来自
交输进口的燃油流量超过5 毫 注：在随后的测试中，当来自横穿进口
的燃油流量超过5 毫升/分钟时，你将 A
升/分钟时，你将获得刮痕压力
获得刮痕压力。
。

在接近跑道的过程中，航向指 在进近着落的过程中，航向指示器中的
示器中的方向指示器指示飞行 方向指示器指示飞行员飞机必须飞行的 A c
员飞机必须飞行的方向。 方向。

该控制器适用于所有系统。因
该控制器面向所有系统。因此，它还可
此，它还可以控制热油加热器 以控制终端油加热器。 B
。

当预设的温度达到时，烟雾探 当预设的数值达到时，客舱内部通信数
测器会发出警告，通过客舱内 A
据系统里的烟雾探测器会发出警告。
部通信数据系统。

火灾可由过热或易燃液体泄漏 火灾可由过热或易燃流体泄漏引起，并
引起，并且可能飞机就危险了 可能危及飞机安全。 C
。

记录穿过交流电流变压器的每 记录穿过交流电流互感器的每束电缆的
根电缆的位置和颜色。 位置和颜色。 C

注释提醒注意使工作更容易的 注释提醒注意使工作更容易的方法，或
方法，或提供说明或额外解释 提供补充或解释信息的方法。 C
信息的方法。

从压气机出来的空气和燃油在 从压气机出来的空气和从燃油喷嘴出来
燃烧室混合。 的燃油在燃烧室燃烧。 A

伺服燃油加热器安装在发动机 发动机滑油/燃油热交换器安装在伺服
B
滑油/燃油热交换器上。 燃油加热器上。

涡轮间隙控制传感器提供来自 涡轮间隙控制传感器提供高压涡轮保护
高压涡轮保护罩的EEC温度数据 罩的温度数据给EEC。 C
。

如果在测试时选择暂停，测试 如果在测试时选择暂停，CDU测试将中
会停止并且CDU上显示测试暂停 断并且显示测试暂停页。 A a
页。
燃油流量传感器测量流入燃油 燃油流量解算器测量流入燃油旋流器和
总管和燃油喷嘴的燃油质量流 B
燃油喷嘴的总质量。
量。

这些试验可能需要增加地面支
持设备，应比操作测试更专业 这些测试可能需要提供专门的地面支撑
设备，应比功能试验更特殊和详细。 A
和详实。

关闭空调组件的流量控制和关 至于空调组件，关闭流量控制和关断活
B b
断活门。 门。
确保襟翼收起到零位，且副翼 确保襟翼收上，副翼配平手轮处于零位
C c
配平手轮处于零位。 。

向下拉下部轴承时，会看到下 当把低一些的轴承往上推时，低一些的
B
部封严。 封严进入视野。

系统的这个部分被用于控制空
系统的这部分被用于控制空气中的水分
气中的颗粒，控制区域聚集度
，控制臭氧浓度，过滤空调空气中的放
，过滤空调空气中活跃的无线 C
射性碎屑，并在适用时使用除臭剂、杀
电波，并在合适的时候对空气 虫剂等处理空气。
用除氧剂和杀虫剂等处理。

它包含能执行完整的电路功能
，并被用于不止一个特定系统 它包含能展现完整电路函数，并被用于
许多特别系统的插件或替代插件的大致 B
的插入式组件或子组件的一般 范围。
覆盖范围。

开口销被用于发动机控制、起 开口销被用于发动机，控制起落架、尾
落架、尾轮组件或任何点，来 A a
轮组件或任何作动运动占据的其他点。
使作动运动发生。

系统的箭头应该用具有最小变 用最少弯折的管路在固定模式下的阴影 C
换的线路样式来标记。 部分展示系统的流通。

数据应作为标定空速呈现，而 假定仪表误差为零，数据应以校正空速
不是零机械误差的仪表空速。 和指示空速显示。 C

异常程序部分的确切内容应由 不正常流程部分中的特定内容应当考虑
各手册编制者根据每架飞机的 每架飞机的设计参数来决定手册的生产 B
设计特点确定。 。

只有涡桨驱动的飞机，外界大 最小和最大的外界空气温度极限应该只
气最小和最大的温度限值具有 为涡桨动力的飞机显示压力高度。 A
反映压力高度的功能。

一般而言，要求在手册适用的 总的来说，所有手册中随后的章的安排
最大程度统一地遵循以下章的 B
和分类应该遵循一致性和最大可行性。
布局和划分。

它们是为05-20划分中的第4位
数字所提供的划分数不足以覆 他们被预留给那些05-20第四级划分号
盖上述子系统05-10所规定的所 的论据，这个划分不足以覆盖05-10子 B
有维修检查的那些情况保留使 系统上方说明的所有维修检查。
用的。

尽管飞机在地面，保护系统的 当飞机在地面上时，系统的这部分防止
C c
这部分控制风的移动面。 操纵面受风的影响而运动。
当需要安装LVDT时，你要确保
安装LVDT时，确保不要将LVDT的杆端头
其支架或轴的端头不是弯曲的
或轴弯曲。如果你弄弯了杆端头或轴， C C
。如果它们是弯曲的，就会使 有可能会造成错误的指示或损坏设备。
指示出现错误或损坏设备。

对于安装在铝凸台上的铝、钢 铝质安装台使用的力矩值，在铝、钢铁
或钛配件，使用铝配件扭矩值 B b
或钛合金制品固定连接时都适用。
。

P91和P92之间的断路器在打开 当你打开或关闭P91和P92上面的跳开关
或闭合的时候要特别当心，因 要十分小心，因为带电的设备会使人员 A
为点击会使人受伤。 受伤害。

确保TEDLAR装饰层压板的颜色 确保TEDLAR退漆到正确的分层处，如果
和图案是正确的，如果新的
TEDLAR与原品的表面不匹配， TEDLAR漆层不能与底漆配合，修复效果
B
修复将不会令人满意。 将不会令人满意。

对于分层的表面修理，面积不
得超过100平方英寸（645平方 装饰面的修补面积必须小于100平方英
厘米）。如果超出，你必须做 寸（645平方厘米），如果超过这一面 C c
积，则必须更换该部件。
部分更换。

维修手册中应提供标牌的模板 维修手册须提供各种最低设备清单中要
和符号标记，具体安装按最低 求的标牌位置信息和图片说明。 A
设备清单要求显示其位置。

适航部分对型号认证需要的强 适航章节必须规定每次强制实施的更换
制更换时限、结构检查周期、
和相关结构检查程序要做出规 时间、结构检查间隔、以及型号认证所 B
需的相关结构检查程序。
定。

在检验/检查部分，应提供接近 在检验/检查部分获得必要的信息，以
、检验或检查一个系统、一个 便接近、检验或检查系统、单元或区域
B
组件或一个区域所必需的信息 。
和程序。

为了符合上述程序，有时会导
致进行重复测试，这是可以接 可以理解为，符合上述要求就会导致接 A a
受重复测试程序。
受的。

可提高操作安全的空速应作为 加强操作的安全可能需要改变空速，这
B b
常规程序章节的前言给出。 种情况在正常程序的前言部分给出了。

飞机包括五个主要结构单元，
它们是机身，机翼，安定面， 飞机主要有五个结构部分，它们是机头 B b
，机翼，副翼，升降舵和起落架．
飞行操纵舵面和起落架．
当同一词在英语中有多个词义 当英语中有几个词表示同一事物(同义
（多义词)时，STE允许使用其
中一个意义而不允许使用其他 词)时，STE允许使用这些同义词中的一 C
个，而不允许使用其他的。
意义。

这个维修任务计划是要检查如
此定期维护任务是检测综合备用飞行显
果电池充好电，内部备用飞行
示仪的电池充电器和电池组件是否工作 C
显示仪的电池组件是否是可操
作的。 。

为了机组人员在紧急情况下从
为了便于有紧急事务的旅客快速离开，
快速通道撤离,所有这些主要的 A a
门都应作为紧急撤离出口. 所有主要旅客门都可以作为紧急出口.

飞机上一些油箱用于储存燃油 飞机上用于储存燃油的油箱需要用空气
，一些油箱用于飞机配平，所 A
进行配平．这个过程叫配平油箱。
以叫做配平油箱。

蓄压器，在计算系统中，是一 在计算机中，存储器是一种与算术逻辑
种与算术逻辑组件相连接的特 组件有关系的特别存储寄存器，用来存 C a
别存储寄存器，用来控制统计
放运算结果或数据传输。
结果或数据传输。

LCD背光强度是从飞机调光汇流 LCD背光强度从飞机调光总线中获得，
条和对驾驶舱内环境光的测量 测量驾驶舱内的适当光线。合适的光线
B b
获得。环境光由位于前挡板上 由前挡板上的光电二极管检测到。
的光电二极管感应。

此时不要错装弹簧筒组件。不 不要在这个时候拆下弹簧筒组件。如果
正确的操作，弹簧负载会造成 不小心释放，弹簧负载会造成人员受伤 A
人员受伤或零件损伤。 或零件损伤。

故障隔离手册提供用于识别的 故障隔离手册提供用于识别、定位和纠
信息来定位和纠正可能在飞机 正可能在飞机上发生的任何故障的信息 C
上发生的任何故障的信息。 。

液压动力供给说明在屏幕底部 你必须向下滚动屏幕才能看到液压动力
显示液压动力警告，你必须向 供给指令，因为指令在显示警告的屏幕 A a
下滚动屏幕才能看到说明。 底部。

按照飞机制造商的要求运行飞 按照制造商的意图使用飞机，结合良好
机，辅以定期维护和检查可以 的检查和维修实践，形成了确保飞机保 C
保持飞机的适航性。 持适航和安全操作的基础。

然而，“紧急程序”几乎总是
波及到需要立即和快速反应的 然而，全动力装置故障、火警烟雾或座
故障，例如发动机故障、火灾 舱快速失压，这些几乎总是涉及需要立 A
或烟雾，以及机舱快速释压等 即快速响应的故障属于“应急状况”。
。
联邦航空管理局认识到，本规 联邦航空管理局认可，符合本规范会使
范会使所有类型的飞机(手册) 所有类型的飞机(手册)内容和格式高度 C
内容和格式高度标准化。 标准化。

手册按所示顺序显示以下飞行 当手册不适用于某些特定飞机型号时，
阶段建议的正常程序,但特定型 它应包括下列飞行状况下必须遵守的正 A a
号的飞机除外。 常程序。

标题页的背面应保留空白，以 标题页的背面应保持空白，从而不用改
避免需要修改以及有可能遗漏 版，也可以避免有可能漏插飞机序列号 C
插入飞机的序列号和注册号。 和注册号。

当自动飞行系统被断开时，自
动飞行状态信号灯(ASA)上的红 当自动驾驶断开时，声音警告模块发出
色A/P信号闪烁，从而可以听到 声音警告，自动飞行状态指示器(ASA)
C c
声音警告模块发出声音警告。 上的红色A/P灯闪烁。

这些作动器控制副翼和升降舵 飞机的飞行路径是通过作动器让副翼和
的运动，副翼和升降舵控制飞 升降舵产生运动来控制的。 B b
机的飞行路径。
用百洁布擦拭座椅上所有的陈 用蘸满清洁剂的布去除所有污垢。 A
年污垢。

为了使固化过程变慢，降低对 为了加速固化过程，减少施加到化合物
B
化合物加热的温度。 的热量。

监控它的温度最少15个循环后 如果你的决定是不更换该组件，则监控
，决定是否更换此组件。 其温度至少15个循环。 C

对于安装此组件来说批准的工 专业工具对安装此组件是无所谓的。 A a
具是必须的。
用直尺和塞尺测量凹坑的深度
用角尺和直尺测量裂纹的深度。 B c
。
当动力装置展开时，使人员离 当反推装置展开时，让人员远离飞机。
C
开飞机。

当你在油箱里工作时，必须有 当你在油箱里工作时，可以有一人在油
B b
一个人一直在油箱附近。 箱附近陪同。

陀螺的意外操作会引起垂直安 水平安定面的突然移动会引起陀螺的意
A a
定面不必要的移动。 外操作。

第15号服务通告是更改螺栓来 在第105号服务通告中，更改了连接动
C c
连接动力控制组件。 力控制组件的螺栓。

本程序给出了水管的永久修理 本程序详细阐述了两种方法来解决水管 A
方法。 的修理。
该子系统包括测距机，应答机 该子系统包括测距机，发射机，无线电
，无线电罗盘，远距离无线电
导航系统，甚高频全向信标， 罗盘，区域导航，指点信标，自动定向 B
仪等部件。
自动定向仪等部件。

本段还应说明，除已完成的检
查项目外，还应完成哪些适航 本段还应说明其他适航指令要求执行的
A a
指令可能要求执行的其他检查 固定检查项目和其他检查项目。
项目。

本手册包括定期发动机试车、 本手册包括发动机油液系统的测试、控
油液系统控制或排放、静电接 制或排放，以及发动机静电接地等程序 B
地等程序。 。

本版本的GAMA1号规范采用了
本版本的GAMA1号规范建议NTSB使用增
NTSB的建议，纳入了增压器/涡 压器/涡轮增压器失效应急程序。 B B
轮增压器失效的应急程序。

外部气温在空中由空中温度指
示提供，在地面则由地面气象 外部气温可以通过空中温度指示或地面 C
气象源获取。
源提供。

这意味着检查将包括对部件周
围的区域进行的观察和评估， 这意味着检查将包括对部件及设备周围
区域进行的观察和评估。 C
以及对设备的检查。

涡轮发动机转速计通常会测量
一个百分比转速，并与涡轮的 涡轮发动机转速计通常测量的速度与涡 A
正常最大转速比对。 轮发动机最大名义转速成正比。

设计上的差异以及各种类型和 各种类别和型号的飞机因设计不同导致
型号的飞机的复杂性都对一个 其复杂性不同，飞机承担的主要功能也 B a
具体故障产生很大影响。 不同。

发动机分析系统使用传感器等 发动机分析系统被用于分析发动机性能
仪器或设备采集数据并应用于 或状态，以供示波器等仪表或设备使用 A
发动机性能或状态分析。 。

动物会比人类产生更多热量，
因此飞机上更有可能集聚潮气 动物产生的热量比人类高，因此飞机上 B
累积的潮湿度可能更高。
。

无气流输送至舱内则有窒息的 因为有窒息的危险所以舱内未曾供气。
B
危险。

在分项测试中，当穿越供油端 在接下来的测试中，当交输端口的燃油
口的燃油流量大于5毫升每分钟 流量大于5毫升每分钟时，将得到开启 C
时，将得到开启压力。 压力。

在接近跑道过程中，航道指示 在接近跑道过程中，课程指示器的偏离
器的背离指针提供向上或向下 指针提供向上或向下和向左或向右飞的 A
和向左或向右的命令。 指令。

关键词汇常常出现在文中用于 关键词汇常常闪现在课文中用于连接不
B b
连接不同的想法。 同的想法。
因此，会导致电子和电气设备 此后，会导致电子和电气设备的临时或
和系统的临时或永久失效。 永久功能衰退。 B

当适用于反方向的压力值大于 当施加在反方向的压力值大于预设值时
极限值时开始工作。 开始工作。 C

一台直流发电机，带有永久高 一台直流马达，带有永久高速放大器，
A
速磁铁，向作动筒供电。 向油泵提供动力。

在旅程结束后作动筒中的微小 到达行程末端后作动筒中的微动电门断
C c
电门会断开。 开。
压力衰减器安装在关断活门的
压力传感器安装在隔离活门的下游。 A a
上游。

本规范由通用航空制造商协会
的成员代表撰写而成，旨在指 本规范由通用航空制造商协会的成员公
司代表制定，用于以手册的形式，编制
导制造商编写用于飞机持续适 A
《制造商维修数据》，并作为飞机持续
航维护的《制造商维护资料 》
手册。 适航状态下的维修指南。

因飞机交付后进行改装而需要 由于飞机交付后的改装而需要对《维护
对《维护手册》进行修订时， 手册》进行的任何修订，由改装的型号 A
由型号设计改装批准者负责。 设计批准者负责。

应使用单独的阴影模式来区分 应使用不同的阴影图案来区分供油、压
供应、压力、返回等。每个单 力、回油等。整个手册中，同一个系统 B a
独的系统应在整个手册中使用
相同的编码。 应使用相同的阴影编码。

第11和12页中的图1是53章、54 第11和12页的图1是系53章、54章、55
章、55章和57章中典型的镀 章和57章中规定的典型电镀法/表皮图 B
层/蒙皮插图。 。

本节中使用的空速应在指示空 本节中使用的空速代表指示空速。由于
速中规定，假设仪器误差为零 仪表误差为零，所以信息直接可用。 B b
，以使信息尽可能直接可用。

检查单可按双机组飞机的“挑
双人制机组飞机的检查单可分为“挑战
战”和“响应”标题排列，或
按单机组飞机的“项目”和“ ”和“响应”两列内容，单一驾驶员飞
机的检查单可分为“项目”和“条件” B
条件”标题排列。在任何一种
两列。任何一种情况下，应明确检查项
方法下，要检查的项目都会列
对应的目标检查结果。
出所害的条件。
检查单还可包含飞行员可能会
检查单还可能包含与飞机操作相关的补
经常使用的与飞机运行相关的
充信息，如绩效数据、备用设备操作等 A
补充信息，如性能数据、选装 ，飞行员可能会经常使用。
设备的操作等。

如果检查单中列出“发动机试
如果检查单中包含“发动机试车”检查
车”，则扩展的过程将解释如 C c
项，扩展程序将解释如何实施试车。
何执行运转。

“环境系统”一节应包括安全 “环境系统”一节应包括安全操作氧气
操作氧气系统时的必要信息， 系统时的必要信息，如使用期间的系统 B
如容量和持续时间。 能力。

还可以将诸如旋转恢复技术的 特技类飞机的《飞行员操作手册》的该
正常程序包括在特技类飞机所 节内容还可以包含诸如螺旋改出技术在 C
有手册的这一节内容中。 内的正常程序。

除FAR 36部所要求的信息外，
制造商还应提供措辞强硬的建 除FAR36部所要求的信息外，制造商还
议，营运人应尽量减少飞机在 应明确建议运营人尽量减少飞机在机场 A
机场或机场附近运行时的噪音 或机场附近运行时的噪声影响。
影响。

某些类型的飞机（例如涡轮螺 一些类型的飞机（如涡轮螺旋桨飞机）
旋桨驱动的）可以用自动螺旋
桨桨距控制装置来确定VMCA， 可能有自动螺旋桨间距控制装置确定的
VMCA，与不工作的发动机相比，在模拟 B c
该装置可能比不工作的发动机
具有更大的阻力，以模拟发动 发动机故障降低功率运行时发动机可能
机故障。 有更大的阻力。

说明最普遍使用的情况，避免 说明演示的最一般用途，避免出现涉及
涉及标准温度、参考重量、零 标准温度、参考重量、零风速、表格精
风速、表格精确值或其他非典 确条目或其他非典型实际情况的特殊情 C
型实际情况的特殊情况。 况。

如可能，示例、相关条件和技 如可能，示例、相关条件和技巧应与图
术应与表格显示在同一页面上 表放置在同一页面内。空间不够时，可 A c
。空间不够时，可续页。 显示在正对图表的那一页。
数据应以指示空速和校准空速 数据应显示为指示空速和标定空速与襟
与襟翼配置和最大重量时关闭 翼配置以及节气门关闭时最大重量下的 A b
油门的坡度角来表示。 倾斜角度。

应增加高度损失超过100英尺和 应增加从失速恢复过程中超过100英尺
俯仰操纵（低头）超过30度的 的高度损失和超过30度的地平面以下俯 B b
失速改出数据。 仰。

数据应显示为距离与外界大气
数据应以起飞距离与外界空气温度、高
温度、高度和风的关系。应包
括地面滑跑和超过50英尺障碍 度和风力的关系来表示。地面横滚和50
英尺障碍物的总距离都应包括在内。达 A
物的总距离。达到这些距离所
到这些距离所需的速度应以指示空速进
需的速度应在指示空速中规定
行计算。
。

对于1985年1月1日之后审定合
对于1985年1月1日之后审定合格的飞机
格的飞机，无论审定基础如何
，无论审定基础如何，达到越障高度50
，达到越障高度50英尺时的速 B c
英尺时的速度不得低于相同构型下无动
度不得低于相同构型下无动力 力失速速度的1.2倍。
失速速度的1.2倍。

确定地面拉起距离的速度应高 确定地面滑跑距离的速度应该高于相同
于相同构型的发动机关断失速 配置下的断电失速速度。 C
速度。

数据应能够呈现标准日（ISA） 数据应显示国际标准大气(ISA)条件下
的时间、燃料和从海平面爬升 飞机从海平面爬升到某高度所需的时间 C
的距离与海拔高度的关系。 、燃油消耗量和水平距离。

数据应以着陆距离与外界空气 数据应考虑与外界空气温度、姿态和风
温度、高度和风向的关系来表 的关系。 A
示。
对于着陆距离，应包括地面滑
跑距离和从高于着陆表面 50 对于着陆距离，应包括地面滚转和超过
A
英尺到着陆完全停止飞越的地 50英尺障碍物的总距离。
面距离。

大气条件，包括大的超冷水滴 大气条件，包括过冷大水滴、冻雨或各
、冻雨或混合物，可能会超出 种混合条件，可能会超出FAR规定的参
A
FAR规定的参数和获得认证的防 数和经审定的防冰系统能力。
冰系统能力。

Always keep the brightness Always adjust the test knob of the
knob of the LCD monitor set
to its maximum dimness
LCD monitor set to maximum A
brightness position.
position.
Make sure that the arrow
points in the direction of Ensure
that the arrow points in
the direction of fluid supply. B
the fuel flow.
The system interface The physical configuration of the
circuits adapt to the connected systems defies the
physical properties of the behavior of the system interface B
connected systems. circuits.

To make pin removal easier,

Rotate the canopy in one direction
manually turn the canopy in
one direction and then in
and then in the other to hinder B b
the other. the removal of the pin.

Ensure that the flaps are Make sure that the flaps are
partially extended and the raised and the aileron trim
aileron trim handwheel is handwheel is set to non-zero A
centered at zero. position.
The lower seal becomes The lower seal comes into view
visible when you push the when you pull the lower bearing C c
lower bearing up. down.
Do steps 1 thru 4 to make Procedures 1 to 4 are designed to
sure that no axial load is check if the rod exerts axial B
applied on the rod. force.
Chapter 6 provides
Refer to chapter 6 for
instructions on pulling up instructions on how to park in bad
in normal weather C
weather conditions.
conditions.
The hydraulic pressure is In this configuration, the
blocked by the valve in hydraulic pressure bypasses the C c
this setup. valve.

Confirm that the recorded Ensure that the clamp is correctly

condition during the
oriented based on the suggested
removal procedure agrees
position documented during the A
with the condition of the removal procedure.
clamp.

Remove all the rigging pins Clear the control surfaces from
and equipment that prevent any rigging pins and equipment
free movement of the that contributes to their B
control surfaces. unrestricted mobility.

A dirty contact in the

connection units will cause Improper
operation of the
them to operate
connection units might be B
attributed to a dirty contact.
incorrectly.

If you do not install the Without the rigging pin installed,

rigging pin, the elevators
the elevators will not lower when
will move down when there there is no pressure in the B
is no pressure in the
system.
system.

If there is mercury
pollution in the If there is mercury contamination
compartments, clean one of in
one of the two compartments, C c
the two areas immediately. clean the area immediately.

If the hydraulic pump does Use the electric pump to achieve a

not supply a pressure of
3000 psi, use the electric pressure
of 3000 psi if the B b
hydraulic pump is out of order.
pump.
Wait for the wind speed to You are allowed to open the cargo
increase to over 30 knots
before opening the cargo door when the wind speed reduces C c
to less than 30 knots.
door.
Continue with the procedure Proceed with the procedure
if the fuel sample does not regardless of any contamination B
exhibit any contamination. found in the fuel sample.
Move the lever before In case of an inadvertent lever
setting the system to the movement, return the system to the C
neutral position again. neutral position again.
Contact between hot
Dangerous fumes are consumed by
surfaces and this material this material upon contact with A
results in the release of
hot surfaces.
harmful heat.

Align the antenna in the

opposite direction in When installing the antenna, make
consideration of the sure the alignment arrow is C c
alignment arrow in directed towards the front.
installation.

Only proceed with this procedure

This procedure can only be
done if there are other if there are concurrent repairs A
being carried out in the
repairs in the repair area. designated repair area.

Prior to modifying this

repair procedure, obtain Ensure that the design authority
the approval of the design approves nonessential alterations B
made to this repair procedure.
authority.

Remove all spilled fuel Ensure that no fuel on the ground

from the ground before
making the first attempt to is eliminated before proceeding
A
with engine startup.
start the engine.

Throughout the valve test, Make certain that no leakage is

verify that there are no
obvious signs of leakage at present as you proceed with each
C
step of the valve test.
each step.

To obtain information about Table 7001 contains details about

the manufacturing of the
pivot assembly, refer to all component except for the pivot B
assembly.
Table 7001.

In order to prevent damage

to the sealant from
hydraulic fluid, it is
necessary to apply two
layers of protective
compound.
To prevent hydraulic fluid from
drowning the sealant, it is
B
recommended to apply two layers of
protective compound.

Verify the full attachment Make sure the label is partially

of the label to the surface attached to the surface, ensuring
and accept the presence of there are no bubbles present. A
bubbles.
In precision, test results If the stops are not adjusted
cannot occur unless the
stops are adjusted Incorrectly, the test results will B
not be precise.
properly.

When the microswitch is

functional, ensure the If the microswitch malfunctions,
deactivation procedure of execute the actuator deactivation
the actuator is performed procedure to protect the valve C c
to avoid any harm to the from harm.
valve.

Apply weight to the patch Do not put pressure on the surface

surface to ensure a correct of the patch, as it is unnecessary B b
bond between the parts. for proper bonding.
If the filler bonds to the If the filler sticks to the tool,
tool, avoid using water to make the tool wet by applying cold C
moisten the tool. water.
Manipulate the dimmer Activate the dimmer switch and
switch to confirm the ascertain that the light's B a
alteration of the light's intensity undergoes little
intensity. changes.
Install the sensor to block Take out the sensor to reach to
access to the adjacent C
structure. the neighboring structure.

Maintain an uninterrupted To ensure continuous movement, the B

movement of the probe. probe must be kept in motion.
Inspect the opening for
cracks that originate from Inspect
the opening for blemish
that often covers its corners. B
its corners.
The associated caution The caution light, regardless of
light should deactivate
after a duration of 30 its position, should turn off B b
within 30 seconds.
seconds.
Perform a test to determine Conduct a test to confirm that the
if the management unit is management unit does not transmit B
transmitting the data. the data.
During night operation,
Ensure that the panel lights are
make sure that the panel
lights are moderately set to a dim setting during night C
operations.
bright.

Ensure that there is

If you use solvent in a confined
adequate airflow in the
space, make sure that there is
work area when using B b
restricted airflow in the work
solvent in an enclosed
space. area.

Direct the open end of the Ensure that the open end of the
drain hose away from the drain hose faces away from the C
storage construction. structure.

最大起落架收放速度是指起落 最大起落架收上速度是飞机可以安全飞
架收放过程中飞机可以安全飞 行的最大速度，起落架收上。 A
行的最大速度。
需要作为安装或限动程序中的 需要作为安装或恢复作动程序中的一部
一部分的任何调整/测试应以适 分的任何调整/测试应以适当的顺序包 C
当的方式包含在文本中。 含在文本中。

检验/检查部分应提供接近和检 监控/检查部分应提供访问和监控或检
验或检查系统、装置或区域所 查系统、装置或区域所需的信息和程序 B
需的信息和程序。 。

如果在最终印刷版之后必须添 如果在初始印刷版之后必须删除一页，
加一页，则给添加的页面使用 则给删除的页面装进信件并使用带前缀
A a
带字母前缀的后一页页码(例如 的前一页页码(例如，第1-6A页、1-6B
，第1-6A页、1-6B页等)。 页等)。

手册应易于修订。它们可以是 手册应能够修订。它们可以是活页形式
活页形式，带有耐用的线圈夹 ，带有通常的多环式封面或永久性装订 B
或永久性装订。 。

发电机提供三相电压。当发动 发电机提供三相电压。当发电机转子频
机转子速度升高时，此频率的 率升高时，此电压的变化速度会增加。 A
电压会增加。

螺旋桨的修理必须在被批准的 螺旋桨的大修必须按照螺旋桨制造商提
车间中，按照螺旋桨制造商提 C
供的数据完成。 供的数据在合格的车间中完成。

向前或后移动座椅大约0.50英 把前侧或后侧座椅移动大约0.50英寸（
寸（12.70毫米）使座椅滑轨接 12.70毫米）使座椅滑轨接头上与座椅 B
头上的凸缘与座椅滑轨里的孔 滑轨里的孔对齐。
对齐。

如果液压动力未将前起落架放 液压动力可以放下前起落架，起落架的
下，起落架的重量和重力会将 A a
其放下。 重量和气流也可以将其推至放下位。

如果飞机上某个泵在一处出现
如果飞机上某个泵在一处出现重复故障
故障，可以将壳体回油管，壳
，说明在壳体回油管，壳体回油软管或
体回油软管或壳体回油软管快 C
卸接头中的残渣清洗掉以完成 壳体回油软管快卸接头中存在无法通过
此程序清洗干净的残渣。
此程序。

飞机的总体布局应包括平面、 飞机的总体布局应用图片来表示，包括
侧面和正面视图，在单页上按 平面、侧面和正面视图，在双页上按垂 A a
平行顺序显示。 直顺序显示。

指导谁以及如何与制造商工厂 指导谁以及如何与维修工厂的技术人员
的技术人员联系，以帮助修理 联系，以帮助修理或更换未包含在标准
A a
或更换损坏且是不标准损伤的 修理范围内的损坏物品。
物品。
这些必要的说明是支撑飞机维
在维护和修理期间支撑飞机所需的文件
修和修理期间使用的，包括顶
，包括支撑材料和设备、大概尺寸、支 A b
升材料和设备，大概尺寸，顶 撑位置等信息。
升位置等信息。

与飞机相应的重量，包括典型
与飞机附加的重量，包括典型座椅和内
座椅和内部、航空电子设备、 部、航空电子设备、附件、标准设备和
附件、标准设备和固定压舱物 B
固定装置，以及基于该重量的典型空重
，以及基于该重量的典型空重
和最大有效载荷。
和最大有效载荷。

本手册中包含的规范可以指导 本规范中包含的规则应作为制造商编写
厂家编写维修手册，包括所有 的维修手册中包含的所有材料的格式、 C
规章书写格式和展示方法。 样式和展示方法的指南。

本节必须规定每一次强制更换 本节必须规定部件更换的时间，结构检
时间，结构检查间隔，和机型
证书所要求的相关的结构检查 查时间，和相关的结构检查程序所需的 A
程序。 型号合格证。

修理必须在特殊的时间内进行 必须在规定的间隔内对修理进行检验，
检查，如果发现变形或损坏， 如发现老化或损坏，则必须更换。 C
则考虑更换。

在对飞机进行平衡、顶升或放 当水平放置飞机或顶升飞机时，确保操
下时，确保人员接受过升降设 作升降设备的人员学过培训知识。 A
备的培训并掌握相关技能。

在升降舵内侧和尾锥之间放置
一个木块，以防止升降舵移动 为保持升降舵不动，在尾锥两侧装上木 B b
制档块。
。

如果紧固件松动的迹象不清晰 如果没有清晰地显示出紧固件松动，则
，则跨过紧固件头部在相邻材 在紧固件头部和相邻材料的上方标记一 A a
料上标记一条红线。 条红线。

任意改变极限，仪表标记或者 对飞行员操作手册基本限制（第二部分
指示牌的基本限制应该在飞行 ）中的限制、仪表标志或标牌的任何变 C
员操作手册中规定。 更均应予以说明。

为确保整合系统、子系统和单 调整测试说明应提供完成测试或检查的
元组装件的运行，调整测试的
说明应该提供指示来完成测试 指示，以确保作为系统、子系统或单元 C c
组装件的操作性组件的完整性。
或检查。
标准化通过统一检查包含在持 通过对符合本规范的持续适航程序中的
续适航程序中准备的相应规范 检查要求进行一致性验证，标准化将提 A
来增强安全性。 高安全性。

三台计算机从系统中更正数据 三台计算机收集系统数据和参数，并通
和参数，将它们放在连接到显 过数据链接将它们一起传送给显示组件 C
示器组件的数据链路上。 。

确定腐蚀的影响是非常困难的
影响腐蚀检查的因素非常复杂，因此，
，但当收到CAP检查报告时，对
按照CAP报告检查要求，检查时间将根 B
于任何严重的问题要调整检查 据问题的严重性进行调整。
次数。

飞机的基本控制和操作信息是 飞机操作控制、部件的运作信息，以及
关于飞机、部件是如何操作的 其特殊程序和极限都在基本控制和操作
A
，包括所有的特殊程序和适用 信息中说明。
的限制。

页面右侧相应的栏目中列出了
对应的序列号/组件号(或其他 一组对应序列号/组件号(或其他识别信 B b
识别信息)。 息)的栏目应显示在正确的页面上。

如果飞机有一个附加的辅助电 如果飞机有一个内置的辅助动力装置，
源组件，描述该装置并解释它 描述该装置并解释它是如何装配到电气 A a
是如何对接电气系统的. 系统的.

所有由三个以上名词组成的官 所有由三个以上名词组成的官方技术名
方技术名称都要写全第一个词 称在文中第一次出现时都是使用全称， C
。然后，在正文的其余部分， 之后在文章的其余部分使用相应的批准
使用相关的正规缩写。 缩写。

双方应采取开放式沟通方式， 一旦出现新情况，双方应该进行公开的
一旦出现新情况,运营商应告知 沟通，运营商告知发生的新情况， 厂
厂家，而厂家要给予运营商以 家提供帮助。 B
可靠的帮助。

其他限制提供了法规要求的或 其他限定条款提供了任何限定条款的内
监管当局允许或批准的任何限 容，这些内容是法规要求的或局方允许 B
制的说明，但本节未特别涉及 或规定的，未在本节特别说明。
。

在关键情况下，飞行员的检查 检查清单应限于在紧急情况下对飞行员
清单应限制在最大量，而且是 C
至关重要的物品的最小数量。
对飞行员至关重要的。
通风系统包括的装置和部件可 循环系统包括那些装置和部件，提供释
以用于加压、加热、冷却，湿 压、加热、冷却、温度控制、压缩和处
A a
度控制、处理空气，从而为压 理空气，来为压边封严条内的区域通风
力密封内区域通风。 。

该程序应按照逻辑工作流程顺
该程序清晰地介绍了获取、移出或安装
序，按需清楚地描述逐步操作 硬件所需的操作步骤，并且是按照正确 B
，以接近并随后移除或安装硬
的工作流程。
件。

对于特定飞机设计、操作或操
纵特性所关注的紧急情况，应 对于特定飞机设计、操作或操纵特性所
提供安全操作所必需的应急程 特有的紧急情况，应提供安全操作所必 C
需的应急程序和其他相关信息。
序和其他相关信息。

然而“紧急情况”几乎总是包 然而“紧急情况”几乎总是排除需要立
括需要立即快速反应的故障，
例如整个动力装置故障、火灾 即快速反应的故障，例如整个动力装置 B a
或烟雾或机舱快速减压。 故障、火灾或烟雾或机舱快速减压。

手册各小段中的材料可以遵循 手册各小段中的材料可以遵循本规范本
本规范本节各小段中的材料顺 节各小段中的材料顺序，也可以根据特 C
序，也可以安排特定类型或型 定类型或型号的飞机进行排布。
号的飞机进行匹配。

如果轮胎温度升高到177度以上 如果机轮温度升高到177度以上，易熔
，熔断器中心熔化，机轮破损 塞中心熔化，轮胎会漏气。 C a
。

定义应尽可能简单地被记录， 定义应尽可能用词简单，且必须强制使
且必须保证手册中已定义术语 用手册中规定的术语。 A
的使用。

应急程序检查单应列为简略的 紧急程序检查单应简明扼要，旨在提醒
表格，来告诫飞行员各项目的 飞行员检查项目，而不提供任何系统的
C c
检查不要提供涉及操作任何系 操作细节。
统的细节。

发动机防冰系统通过引气来消
除和防止发动机所有部件结冰 发动机防冰系统用于减缓和防止引气在
，不包括第30章所述的动力装 发动机所有部件中形成冰，包括第30章
B
所述的动力装置整流罩。
置整流罩。
气流流经涡轮，提高了能量，
从发动机核心机部分旁通并与 气流流经涡轮，消耗掉能量，与从发动
机核心机部分旁侧流过的较冷气流，在
较冷气流，在喷油咀处混合燃 C c
尾喷管处混合后产生推力，推动飞机向
烧后产生推力，推动飞机向前
。 前。

来自压气机的高压气体进入燃
来自压气机的缓慢移动的高压气体进入
烧室并缓慢移动，并与易燃的 C
燃烧室，与易燃燃料混合并点燃。
燃料混合并点燃。

确保工作区域、工具和其它物 确保工作区域、工具和其它物品是干净
品是干净整齐的，接近盖板已 A a
整齐的，接近盖板可以接近。
经关闭。

所有增补内容都可以发给全部
所有增补内容都仅发给当时的机型持有
机型持有人。用这样的方法可
人。以此减少错误地配发多余文件，同
以减少文件配发错误，同时也 A c
通知所有机型持有人飞机系统 事也是通知该机型持有人系统和设备的
可用性。
和设备的可用性。

除作动器控制和到燃烧室的计 超量的高压燃油供油用于作动筒控制和
量燃油外，过量的高压燃油供 到燃烧室的计量燃油，之后通过减压阀 B b
油通过溢流阀返回给低压系统 返回给低压系统。
。

故障隔离提供信息，这些信息 故障隔离提供信息，这些信息用于识别
用于定位、寻找和纠正任何发 、定位和纠正任何可能会发生在飞机上 C c
生在飞机上的故障。 的故障。

程序应在每章内按照主次标题 程序应在每章内按参考编号顺序编制，
和参考号的形式进行编写，不 并有适当的主、副标题，而无需从新页 C c
需要从新的页面的开头开始。 的顶部开始。

“飞机称重表格”应包含在每 每本手册都应有一份“飞机称重表格”
本手册中，其中包括飞机平面 ，其中包括飞机侧视图，显示称重点相
图，显示称重点相对基准线的 对基准线的位置(使用顶升点或起落 C
位置(使用顶升点或底盘)。 架)。

1944年，随着英国民用适航要求的制定
1944年，英国制定了民用适航 ，形成了适航标准的法典，通过该法典
要求来形成空中航行指令和规 ，空中航行法令和规章的各种要求得以 C
则守则。
实现。
视频娱乐的图像部分被传送到 视频娱乐的音频部分被传送到音频娱乐
图像娱乐系统所选频道上的每 系统中所选频道上的每个乘客的座位上
C
个乘客的座位上，也可以被连 ，也可以被连接到乘客系统的扬声器上
接到乘客系统的扬声器上。 。

问题应符合规范，查阅通用航 遵守规范的问题应涉及到通用航空制造
空制造商协会(GAMA)和联邦航 商协会(GAMA)，并提交给联邦航空管理 A
空管理局(FAA)得到解决。 局(FAA)解决。

关于“限制”和“紧急程序”
关于“限制”和“紧急程序”的章节放
的章节放在“正常程序”、“ 在前面，“正常程序”、“性能”、“
性能”、“载重和平衡”和其 B b
载重和平衡”和其他章节用于更容易地
他章节之前，以便更容易地获
获取飞行中可能需要的信息。
取飞行中可能需要的信息。

封面标题和适用的飞机设计应 封面标题和适用的飞机名称应突出显示
在手册的封面或书脊（或两者 在手册的封面或书脊（或两者）上。 C
）上永久显示。

在此种情况下，文件每一部分 在此种情况下，标题和目录页要放在文
之前的标题页和目录页必须标 档每个部分之前，并必须给出实际出版 B
明实际出版日期。 日期。

飞机维修手册或章节包括说明 飞机维修手册或章节包括说明性资料，
性资料，如对飞机的结构和数
据给出维修或预防性维修程度 如对维修或预防性维修所需要的飞机特
性和数据的说明。
C b
的说明。

基本的控制与运营资料描述了
飞机各部门和系统是怎样控制 基本的控制与操作资料描述了飞机各部
和运营的，包括所申请的专用 件和系统是怎样控制和操作的，包括适
C c
用的专用程序和限制规定。
程序和限制规定。

此外， 申请方必须有一个检查 此外， 申请方必须有一个检查目标，

方案，该方案包括为保证飞机
持续适航所需要的检查频次和 包括检查频次和检查内容，必须保障飞
B
机的持续适航。
检查程度。

在前货舱尾部的壁板后面，有
两个空气循环过滤器。它们分 在前货舱的后部的衬板后面，装有两个
别安装在左右两侧的混合总管 空气过滤器。它们位于混合总管湾区左 A
右两侧的空气滤芯盒内。
湾区。
用于密封油箱的所有材料对所 用于密封油箱的所有材料对所有燃油和
B b
有燃油和燃油添加剂都耐用。 燃油添加剂都防水。

正常俯仰控制法基本上是负载
厂家的闭环控制，包括飞行包 正常俯仰控制法则基本上是负载系数的 C
闭环控制，包括飞行包线保护。
线保护。

每个电干扰盘的后部都有一个 每个配电盘的后部都有一个固定的汇流
C
固定的汇流条组件。 条组件。

在两个空调组件关闭的情况下 本工作给出了在两个空调组件均不工作
，本工作给出了为飞机飞行做 的情况下为飞机飞行做好准备的维护步 C c
准备的维护步骤。 骤。

在设计原理图时，可能有必要 在设计插图的过程，涵盖细节来让图表
在使图不言自明所需要的细节 自行展示且方便阅读和理解是有必要的
B
和易于阅读和理解所必需的简
单之间作出折衷。 。

可是一个“危急情况”几乎总
伴随着故障，需要立即快速反 然而，“紧急情况”几乎总是涉及需要
立即和快速响应的故障，如整个动力装
馈，比如一个动力装置故障， C a
着火或烟雾，或快速客舱减压 置失效，火灾或烟雾，或座舱快速失压
。
。

前区域配平空气消音器减少输
送到前空调区域的空气分配噪 前区域调整片的空气套管输送空气到前
空调区域，以减弱噪声分布程度。 B b
声。

CAP检查设定四家推荐的制造商
的零件或组件退役时间（使用 CAP检查包在建议的厂家零部件退役时
时间、周期或其他适当的计算 间（使用时间，周期或其他合适的计量
A a
方法）和FAA要求的时间限制零 因子）和FAA要求的零部件退役（不服
组件的退役（维护拆换）时间 役）时间后进行。
。

当使用连字符连接长的技术名 当用冒号连接长的技术名称以使读者读
称从而使读者读起来更清楚时 起来更清楚时，冒号连接的一组单词也 B b
，连接在一起的一组单词在相 可以用作适用的名词词组中的一个词。
应名词词组中也算作一个词。

拆卸/安装部分应明确地说明拆
卸和重新安装部件或装置所需 拆卸/安装部分应清楚地说明拆卸和重
的步骤要求，不需包含观察到 新安装部件或装置所需的步骤顺序，以 C
及应遵守的预防措施。
的预防措施。
本CAP准备延伸目前的检查要求 准备本CAP的要求是想要加强现有的检
，以更远地保证飞机在初始认 查，作为飞机在原认证范围内执行能力 A a
证极限内的性能能力。 的更好保证。

每一个系统有一个接收器，这
个接收器位于电子舱。接收器 每一个系统有一个电子舱接收器，接收
可以通过FMS自动调谐，或是通 器可以被FMS远程调谐，或是通过相应 B
过相应的NAV控制面板手动调谐 的NAV控制面板手动调谐。
。

前轮转弯方向舵脚蹬转弯机构
前轮转弯方向舵脚蹬转弯机制能混合来
能混合来自于方向舵脚蹬的转 自于方向舵脚蹬和转弯手轮的转弯力度 A
弯输入进行转弯并提供定中力 ，并提供折中力。
。

燃油通风系统保持油箱压力接 燃油通风系统确保油箱压力在接近大气
近大气压力。压差过大会引起 压时保持稳定。太大的压力变化会引起 B
机翼结构损坏。 机翼结构损坏。

按照制造商的要求使用飞机， 由制造商决定飞机的使用，结合良好的
结合合理的检查和维修实践， 检查和维修实践，以构成飞机保持适航 B
形成了确保飞机保持适航和安 性和安全运行的基础。
全运行的基础。

前言包含下列信息：创建CAP项 前言部分包含以下信息：创建CAP程序
目的主要原因以及需要避免发 的潜在原因以及遵循CAP需要避免发生 A
生的根本问题。CAP与产品例行 的根本问题。CAP与产品常规检查方案
检查方案的关系。 的关系。

词典还提供了一些未经批准的 词典还给未经批准的单词提供了选择，
单词选项，并举例说明如何使 并举例说明如何使用未经批准的替代词 A a
用更改单词。 。

词典中每个被认可的形容词都 词典中每个被认可的形容词都以原形给
列入基本表格，如适用，将其 出，如适用，将加入比较级和最高级表 A a
比较和最高级形式放在一起。 格。

字典中包括一些未经批准的单 字典中包括一些未经批准的单词，包括
词，如果您可以将它们放入适
用的技术名称类别中，它们可 技术名称，如果您可以将它们放入适用
B b
的技术名称类别中则属于此类词汇。
以是技术名称。

这类技术形容词仅适用于描述 这类技术动词仅适用于描述性内容，如
性文本，如一般信息、系统描 概述信息、系统描述和操作步骤以及服 C c
述和操作文本以及服务协会的 务通告的描述部分。
描述部分。
防火密封是根据着火类别而安
防火密封指那些安装在动力装置或动力
装在动力装置或动力装置周围
装置周围部件上的防火部件和密封材料 A
的耐火隔板或耐火密封件，以 ，它们能在失火时隔离相关区域。
隔离着火区域。

该手册提供基本控制和操作信 本手册提供了基本的控制和操作信息，
息，描述飞机部件的生产控制 描述飞机部件的控制方式和工作方式，
C
工艺，包括适用的特殊生产步 且包括所有适用的特殊程序和限制条件
骤和公差值。 。

警告和告诫应置于其适用的文
警告和告诫应置于其适用的文本上方，
本后，但注释则可以根据显示 但注释则可以根据需要强调的文本内容 A a
的材料内容置于文本前或文本 置于其上方或下方。
后。

当你用连字符连接较长的技术
名称以使读者更清楚时，用连 当你使用较长的技术名称来使其结构更
字符连接的一组单词也可视为 清楚地呈现给读者时，所使用的词组也 B
适用的名词词组中的一个单词 可视为复杂的名词词组中的一个单词。
。

设备清单上的项目可以通过序
列号表示，并进行逻辑排列， 设备清单上的项目可以通过使用诸如“
使用的标题可以是“螺旋桨和 螺旋桨和螺旋桨附件”，“发动机和发
螺旋桨附件”，“发动机和发 动机附件”，“起落架”，“电气设备 A a
动机附件”，“起落架”，“ ”，“外部设备”，“自动驾驶”等标
电气设备”，“外部设备”， 题来进行序列编号标识以及逻辑分组。
“自动驾驶”等。

飞行员操作手册的本节应以制
造商认为对最有可能操作飞机 飞行员操作手册的本节内容应以合理的
的飞行员来说最能提供有效信 方式描述飞机，且是制造商认为最能为
B
飞行员提供有效信息的。
息的方式来描述飞机。

只有探测器有电，并且烟雾传 只要探测器有电源并且烟雾传感器探测
感器探测到烟雾，内部开关才 到烟雾，内部的喇叭就会打开并且保持
C
会打开到开位并且保持在开位 在开位。
。

轮舱里的过热故障控制器会提 当主轮舱有火的时候，轮舱里的过热探
供一个信号给两个红色警灯和 测控制器会提供一个信号给两个红色火 C c
警铃，当主轮舱有火的时候。 警灯和警铃。

液压动力转换组件系统是一个 如果B系统增压，液压动力传感组件系
液压马达泵组件，在系统B释压 统就是一个提供备用压力到前缘襟翼和
时，为前缘襟翼和缝翼以及自 缝翼以及自动缝翼系统的液压马达泵组 B
动缝翼系统提供备用压力。 件。
在充气阀门上的可调节螺帽被
充气阀门上的防尘帽被拆除，外接气源
拆除了，这样新鲜的空气源才
连接到阀门杆，旋转螺母被旋开以打开 C
能被连接到气门杆和螺套上， 充气阀门。
以打开充气阀门。

飞机的重心是使飞机保持平衡
的点。它与参考基准的距离可 重心是如果飞机悬着使飞机保持平衡的
点。它到参照基准的距离可以通过总长 A a
以通过总弯矩除以飞机总重量
度除以总重量找到。
找到。

需要注意相关预防措施和限制
需要注意相关预防措施和限制信息，例
信息，例如起落架和控制舵面 如起落架和控制舵面锁的使用、最小转 C c
锁、最小转弯半径、前起落架 弯半径、前起落架最大推拖负载等。
最大有效推拖载荷等的使用。

通过持续适航程序，组成飞机
的几乎每个部件都涉及到某种 通过持续适航活动，组成飞机的每个部
件基本上都涉及到某种形式的保护、检
形式的保护、检查、预测性维 查、预测性维修、翻修、修理和/或更 A
修、翻修、维修和/或更换活动 换活动。
。

本节必须明确机型证书所要求 本节必须明确型号合格证所要求的每个
的每个自主更换时间、结构检 强制更换时间、结构检查间隔以及相关 C
查周期以及相关结构检查程序 结构检查程序。
。

如有燃油或润滑油溢出，应立 如果燃油或油脂有遗撒，应立即清洁此
即清洁此区域。潮湿的地面很 B
区域。否则污染的地面会致你摔倒。
危险，会致你摔倒。

复制性能所需的技术和程序应 对于那些达到飞机预期性能需要特殊动
包括那些达到预期飞机性能需 作顺序的性能项目，应包括复制所述性 C c
要特殊动作序列的性能项目。 能所需的技术或程序。

飞机维修手册包括的内容至少 飞机维修手册或章节不仅包括下列信息
有一些说明性信息，其包括对
大修或预防性维修所需要的飞 ，还包括对大修或预防性维修所需要的
A
飞机特性和数据的说明。
机特性和数据的说明。
一旦颁发了合格证或批准证书
，例如生产合格证，就要求一 任何不符合批准要求的行为或条款都会
直保持其符合性，任何不符合 引起国家处罚或行政强制性措施，所以
B
批准要求的行为，或者违反批 一旦颁发了合格证或批准证书，必须要
准条款，则会引起民事处罚或 求其的符合性，如生产合格证。
行政强制性措施。

位于连接发电机和驱动组件的
端口位于连接发电机和驱动组件的法兰
连接处的端口，使滑油产生了 上，使滑油可以在恒速驱动器和发电机 C b
在变速驱动器和发电机之间流
之间流动。
动的可能性。

在一块金属上，可以在不需要
在一块不需要承力的金属上，可以在一
承力的某一点处切割一个直径 处切割几个直径为数英寸的孔，孔的边
B
为数英寸的孔，孔的边缘折边 缘用凸缘连接，使其产生刚性。
可以使其具有刚性。

这将允许用户通过检查一份清
单来找出受影响的飞机，或者 这将使用户可以通过检查一份清单来判
断被影响飞机的有效性，而无需检查每 A a
也可以检查每一个持续适航计 个独特的持续适航计划。
划的适用性。

本章提供制造商认定的必要信 本章提供制造商确定需要的信息用以保
息用以保证飞机在全寿命期中 证飞机在运行期间进行各种维修，翻修 A
进行各种维护，翻修或大修后 或大修后适当配平飞机。
正确校准飞机。

在变频起动机发电机空气/油热 该任务使变频起动机发电机空气/油热
交换器上的空气控制活门不工 交换器上的空气控制活门失效状态恢复 B B
作的情况下，该任务在操作后 ，从而使飞机恢复到操作后的通常状态
使飞机恢复到正常状态。 。

维修手册的介绍部分应包括供
应商出版物的清单，或涉及这 维修手册的介绍部分应包括供应商出版
物的清单，或查阅这些清单的位置，无
些清单的位置，它们可能包含 A
论它们是否包含在系统描述中或在单独
在系统中或在单独的文件中被
的文件中提供。
提供。

然而，当累积的修订使手册的 然而，当手册的分发、存档和使用达到
分发、归档和使用变得困难时 一个困难点时，就需要重新发行。 B
，就需要重新发行。

以“more”和“most”作比较
有比较级和最高级的副词由“more”和
级和最高级的形容词不会在字
“most”构成，不会被收录在词典中，
典中列出这些形式，因 B
为“more”和“most”也被列 因为“more”和“most”也列出了被允
许的词。
为批准词。
基本上，它是一个指导行业标 基本上，它是一个证明行业标准化概念
准化的证明概念，以一种最有 的指南，并提供一种对飞行员最有利的 A
用的形式提供给飞行员。 形式。

扰流板的作用是扰乱流经机翼
扰流板的作用是增加机翼上的阻力，造
上表面的平顺气流，从而使此
机翼上的阻力增加，升力减少 成升力减少,进一步干扰流经该机翼上 B b
表面的光滑气流。
。

如果一个代词能指代文本中的
一个或多个名词，它会使句子 如果一个代词能引申文本中的一个或多
个名词，它会使句子晦涩难懂。如果遇
模棱两可。如果一个句子模棱 B
到这样的情况，更换所引申的代词。这
两可，用它所指的词代替代词
。这将使句子更清楚易读。 将使句子更清楚易读。

那些空气动力的发动机被安装 那些利用空气产生动力的装置装在飞机
在飞机上来运行并提供一类或 上来获得和补充单一或多个备用电源、
A a
多类的辅助电力、液压、气源 液压源、气源或其他动力。
或其他动力。

飞机的不同型号和机型的设计
差异和复杂性，在决定某一特 各种型号的飞机的复杂设计差异很大程
定故障是否更适合列为“紧急 度能够决定特定失效是否能够更方便地 B
”程序或“异常”程序上发挥 列入“加急”或“反常”程序。
了重要的作用。

警告：关闭舱门前，确保机组 警告：关闭门栓前，确保机组休息室中
休息室中没有人员。舱口关闭 没有人员。舱口关闭时，舱室没有气流
时，舱室没有气流，存在窒息 ，存在缺氧的风险。 B b
的风险。

如果你没有定期监控APU滑油消 如果你没有对APU滑油剩余量进行常规
耗量，请执行以下步骤以确保 监控，请执行以下步骤以确保APU滑油 B
APU滑油量足以用于飞行。 量足以用于飞行。

在编写本规范时遵循的（语法 （语法）结构规则遵循该规范的编写，
）结构规则与FAA在编写其规章 该规范和FAA在编写其规章时通常使用 B b
时通常使用的规则相同。 的规则相同。

CAP将包括主要和次要机体部件 CAP将关注主级和次级机体部件，以及
，以及使用主要和次要系统以 主级和次级系统，以实现持续适航的既 A c
实现持续适航描述的目标。 定目标。
安装后无需向起动机添加滑油
。但是你必须提供一个含有少 安装后无需给起动机加滑油。但是必须
给新的起动机加入少量滑油。油量要求
量滑油的新的起动机。参考飞 B c
和程序参考飞机维护手册第二部分第12
机维护手册第二部分第12章关
于油量的要求和程序。 章。

该规范根据飞机的复杂性，在
特定的规则给出手册准备时基于飞机复
编制手册时，提供了灵活性，
杂度的灵活性，然而需要维持高度标准 B
同时保持了布局、定义和性能 的布置、清晰度和表现信息。
信息的高度标准化。

除非所有固态污染物在进入仪 如果空气中所有的固态污染物不在吸入
表前从空气中去除，否则它们 仪表前去除，它们通常会在旋翼轴上聚
B
会积累,通常在转子轴承中，并 集，并减慢旋翼速度。
减慢转子的速度。

每本手册都应包括介绍，简要
说明其组织机构、手册内容和 每本手册都应有前言，其中要说明机构
、内容，以及除了制造商技术出版物清
手册使用方法。额外的清单或 A
参考清单位置要包括在制造商 单、清单位置的引用手册使用方法做简
技术出版物中发布。 要说明。

每个章节都要以一个概要介绍
本系统做为开始，并且其操作 每一章或节都以系统及其操作的一般概
述开始，并以“概述和操作”为标题。
和将要对操作进行的描述要进 如果与其他系统之间存在相互关系，则 C a
行标注。如果其中有关联，要
增加解释。 应加以解释。

系统流程图应以有图案的阴影
为背景，并且尽量少用折线。 系统流程图应以阴影图形为图标底色，
示意图应包括发电机、燃油箱 并且尽少使用连线。示意图以发电机、 B
和液压油箱，它们应作为所示 油箱和储压罐作为流程的端点。
流程的起点。

如果起落架控制手柄锁电磁阀
如果杠杆锁定电磁阀没有处于锁定位置
在锁定位出现故障，可通过手
柄锁超控触发器将控制手柄移 ，则在手柄锁定超控触发器情况下将起
落架控制手柄移动到向上位置。 触发 B
动到向上位置。触发器将控制
器将控制杆的前部缩回，从而解除控制
手柄的前半部分收回，这样就
杆锁定机制。
解除了手柄的锁定装置。
防滑系统控制来自液压制动系 防滑系统控制来自液压制动系统的计量
统的测量制动压力和自动制动 制动压力或来自自动制动系统的自动制
压力，以防止机轮失效。它可 动压力，以防止机轮打滑。 这给予了 C
以在任何跑道条件下给出最大 飞机最大的制动力，使它可以在任何跑
制动力使飞机停止。 道条件下都能停下来。

加速停止距离是指将飞机加速
到指定速度，并假定在达到该 加速停止距离是指将飞机加速到规定速
速度的那一刻发动机发生故障 度，并推测在达到该速度时发动机故障 B
，使飞机停止飞行所需的距离 ，飞机须立即停止飞行。
。

功能测试包括所有必须的信息
，无需参照附加文件，就可以 不用参照其它材料，功能测试为了确保
执行为了保证系统及部件的可 系统或组件的可靠性是可接受的而提供 A
了所有必须的信息。
靠性而做的能力测试。

Maintenance information
needs to be continually
updated. Open communication
should exist with the
operator telling the
manufacturer as soon as
some new kind of situation
arises and the manufacturer
responding back with solid
help to the operators. Only
when both ends do their job
can an entire fleet of
airplanes remain
continuously airworthy.
Maintenance information needs to
be continuously updated. When a
new situation arises, the operator
should immediately communicate
openly with the manufacturer, and
B
the manufacturer should provide
strong assistance to the operator.
Only when both parties do their
respective jobs can the entire
fleet maintain airworthiness.

FAA-approved Airworthiness
Restrictions should be
prepared as a separate
document and included in
the “Restrictions
Section” of the
Maintenance Manual and the
Pilot’s Operating Manual.
The airworthiness restrictions
approved by FAA should be prepared
as separate documents and included
A
in the "Limitations" section of
the Maintenance Manual and the
"Pilot Operations Manual".
The recommended inspection
procedures provided by the
manufacturer at the time of
delivery of the aircraft
help ensure its
airworthiness. Due to
differences in the missions
performed, maintenance
given and the age and
utilization of the
aircraft, ABC has
determined, based on
inspections, testing and
analysis, that additional
inspection requirements are
deemed necessary to further
ensure that the aircraft
can continue to operate at
the initially validated
design loads.
Operational Test: That
procedure required to
ascertain only that
a system or unit is
operable. These tests
should require no special
equipment or facilities
other than that are
installed on the aircraft
and should be comparable to
the tests performed by the
flight crew. It is not
intended that the
operational test of the
unit shall meet the
specifications and errors
ordinarily established for
overhaul, or significant
maintenance periods.
Distribution of cabin air
on pressurized aircraft is
managed with a system of
air ducts leading from the
pressurization source into
and throughout the cabin.
Typically, air is ducted to
and released from ceiling
vents.
The airplanes were delivered with
recommended inspection programs to
keep them airworthy. Because of
the varied missions the airplanes
performed, type of care given, and
age and utilization rates, ABC has
determined, based on inspections, C a
tests, and analyses, that it is
necessary to provide additional
inspection requirements to further
ensure that the airplanes can
continue to carry the design loads
it was originally certified for.
Operational Test: That procedure
required to ascertain only that
a system or unit is operable.
These tests should require no
special equipment or facilities
other than that are installed on
the aircraft and should be
comparable to the tests performed A A
by the flight crew. It is not
intended that the operational
test of the unit shall meet the
specifications and tolerances
ordinarily established for
overhaul, or significant
maintenance periods.
On pressurized aircraft cabin air
is distributed with a system of
air ducts leaded from the
pressurization source into and B
throughout the cabin. Typically,
air is ducted to and released from
ceiling flap.
Crutial angle of attack is
the angle at which a stream
or air flow begins to
seperate from a
surface,causing a decrease
in efficiency. It is
important for designing
aerodynamic surfaces ,such
as airplane
airfoils,turbine blades,as
it determines the maximum
attack angle that can be
achieved without causing
loss of lift or thrust.
The name of the book might
be "Pilot's Operating
Handbook" or "FAA Approved
Airplane Flight Manual."
Maximum Restriction Speed
is the fastest a plane can
fly without breaking the
rules in normal flight. The
speed is measured in knots
and Mach Number.
Ground Idle Power refers to
the power required to run
an engine as slowly as
appropriate on the ground
while still ensuring
satisfactory airplane
operation with a maximum of
thrust of engine and engine
accessory.
On some piston powered
airplanes, the condition
lever is the secondary
control for starting and
shutting the engine. On
others, it is the secondary
control used to set engine
and piston speed.
Engine Operating Limits
include limits for Take off
Thrust, Maximum Cruise
Power, and Maximum Normal
Operating Power.
Critical angle of attack is the
angle at which a fluid or air flow
begins to separate from a surface,
causing a reduction in the
efficiency of the flow. The
critical attack angle is an
important consideration in the C
design of aerodynamic surfaces,
such as airplane wings, turbine
blades, as it determines the
maximum angle of attack that can
be achieved without causing a loss
of lift or propulsion.
The cover could be named as
"Pilot's Operation Instruction" or
"Pilot's Operation Instruction and A a
FAA Approved Airplane Flight
Instruction."
Maximum Operating Limit Speed is
the speed limit that may not be
deliberately exceeded in normal C
flight operations. V is expressed
in knots and M in Mach Number.
For Ground Idle Power, it
determines the minimum power
necessary to initiate and maintain
safe airplane operation, engine
accessory function, and A
satisfactory engine performance
while limiting the degree of
thrust utilized.
On some turbopropeller powered
airplanes, the status lever is the
secondary control for starting and
A a
shutting the engine. On others, it
is the secondary control used to
set engine and propeller speed.
Engine Operating Limits include
limits for Take off Power, Maximum
Continuous Power, and Maximum C
Normal Operating Power.
The maximum continuous
power listed in the
Airplane Type certificate
is often used to show
compliance with the
applicable airworthiness
standards and is the value
shown in the Pilot's
Operating Handbook.
The maximum continuous power
listed in the Airplane Type Data
Sheet is used to show compliance
with the applicable airworthiness A
regulations and is beyond the
value shown in the Pilot's
Operating Handbook.

The limit maneuvering load

factors, in g units of
acceleration, for clean
cruise and landing
configurations, shall be
given. The negative g
limit, flaps up, should be
given for aircraft approved
for spinning or aerobatics.
The flight maneuver load factor
limit in the unit of g should be
given for the smooth configuration
of aircraft cruising and landing.
B
For aircraft approved for spin or
aerobatics, load limits should
also be provided when flaps are
opened.

The following information

should be provided to the
maneuver flight as
appropriate: (a) A
Statement of Entry Speed
for Authorized Maneuvers
(b) A Statement of
Unauthorized Maneuvers (c)
A Statement that aircraft
is Unapproved or not
suitable for Spinning.
The following appropriate
information should be provided to
the aircraft maneuvers: (a) A
Statement of Appropriate Entry
Speed for maneuvers flight (b) A
A a
Statement of Unauthorized
maneuvers (c) A Statement that
aircraft has been unapproved for
Spins, or is characteristically
incapable of spinning.

Handbooks for all single

engine airplanes, other Manuals for single engine
than for those airplanes aircraft, otherwise these that
which have been shown to be have been proved to be "featured
B
"characteristically unable to spin", should include
incapable of spinning" steps for recovering from a
shall contain procedures spiral.
for recovery from spins.

If the airplane has not

been tested for spin
If the aircraft has not been
characteristics and
expanded for spin features and
recovery methods, a
recovery ways, prevention of spin
discussion of prevention of
spins and probable best and possible best recovery
techniques are discussed and it is B
recovery techniques will be
determined that no exams have been
included with a notation performed and that recovery
that no tests were made and
techniques are based on the
the recovery techniques are
manufacturer's best judgment.
based on the best judgment
of the manufacturer.
This Section shall use
Indicated Airspeed as
Airspeed, i.e. the
instrument is mostly
accurate, so the
information can be used
directly.
Those units and components
are used to store and
deliver fuel to the engine,
including engine-driven
fuel pumps, integral tanks
(bladder), valves, boost
pumps, etc., and those
components which furnish a
means of in-flight fuel
dumping .
That portion of the system
is used to store fuel,
including integral tank
sealing, bladder type
cells, ventilating system,
cell and tank
interconnectors, over wing
filler necks and caps, etc.
Those units and components
include alcohol pump,
valves, tanks, propeller
anti-icing system, wing
heaters, water line
heaters, pitot heaters,
scoop heaters, windshield
wipers and the electrical
and heated air portion of
windshield ice control.
Does not include the basic
windshield panel.
The portion of the system
is used to get rid of or
facilitate the gathering of
ice in or around air
intakes, including power
plant protector ice
control.
The portion of the system
is used to dispel or get
rid of ice gathering on
some aircraft surfaces,
including wings and
empennage surfaces.
Airspeed used in this Section
shall be defined as Indicated
Airspeed, that is, the instrument
A a
is almost right, so as to make the
information possibly be used
directly.
Those units and components are
designed to store and deliver fuel
to the gas engine system,
including engine-driven fuel B
pumps, fuel tanks (airbags),
valves, booster pumps, etc. and
units to pour fuel to the air.
A portion in a system can store
fuel. Covering storage tank
sealing, bag battery, ventilation
system, battery and storage tank B b
interconnection device, overhead
neck and cover of the wing filler,
etc.
Those units and components include
alcohol pump, valves, tanks,
propeller anti-icing system, wing
heaters, plumbing heaters, air
speed tube heaters, intake
heaters, windshield wipers and the B
electrical and heated air ice
control for windshield. Does not
include the basic windshield
panel.
The portion of the system is used
to eliminate or prevent the
formation of ice in or around air C c
intakes, including power plant
cowling anti-icing.
The portion of the system is used
to eliminate or forbid ice forming
on outside parts of all airfoils, A
including the airfoils of wings
and empennage.
That portion of the system
provides for rolling and
stopping the aircraft while
on the ground and stopping
wheel rotation after
retraction, including items
such as wing illumination,
warning light dimming
systems, pressure
indicators, plumbing, etc.
Those units and components
provide for external and
internal illumination such
as landing lights, taxi
lights, position lights,
rotating lights, ice
lights, master warning
lights, passenger reading
and cabin dome lights, etc.
That portion of the system
is used to control the
direction of movement of
the aircraft on the ground,
including items such as
skid blocks, controls,
bogie swivel unlock, etc.
Navigation and pitot/static
systems refer to those
units and components which
provide aircraft
navigational information,
including VOR, pitot,
static, ILS, flight
director, compasses,
indicators, etc.
Landing and Taxiing Aids
include items such as
localizer, sliding way,
ILS, markers, landing
navigation system, etc.
Independent Position
Determining includes items
such as DME, transponders,
radio compass, LORAN, VOR,
DF, etc.
The engine power control
system furnishes a means of
controlling the main fuel
control or coordinator,
which includes controls to
the propeller regulator on
turbo-prop engines.
That portion of the system
provides for rolling and stopping
the aircraft while on the ground
and stopping wheel rotation before
A
retraction, including items such
as supply valves, anti-skid
devices, pressure warning systems,
plumbing, etc.
Those units and components provide
for external and internal
illumination such as landing
lights, taxi lights, navigation,
A a
position indicating, ice lights,
master warning lights, passenger
reading and cabin floor lights,
etc.
That portion of the system is used
to control the direction of
movement of the aircraft on the C
ground, including items such as
actuating cylinders, controls,
bogie swivel unlock, etc.
Navigation and pitot/static
systems refer to those units and
components that provide aircraft
navigation information, including B
VOR, pitot, still tubes,
instrumental system, flight
manual, compasses, indicator, etc.
Landing and Taxiing Aids include
items such as localizer, sliding
A
way, instrumental system, markers,
ground lighting system, etc.
Dependent Position Determining
includes items such as DME,
C
transponders, radio compass,
LORAN, VOR, ADF, etc.
The engine power control system
regulates and controls the main B
oil, coordinator and propeller
regulator of a turboprop engine.
The turbo engine includes a
compressor exhaust system
for controlling the airflow
through the engine, a
cooling air system for
engine icing, and an engine
starting system.
The turbine engines include
compressor bleed systems used to
control flow of air through the
engine, cooling air systems, C
heated air systems for engine
anti-icing, and engine starting
systems.

The control device of a

turbojet engine includes a
linkage mechanism and
The turboprop engine controls
control device to a
coordinator or equivalent include a coordinator or
equivalent device, a linkage
device, as well as a
mechanism, a control device, a A
linkage mechanism from a
propeller governor, a fuel control
coordinator or equivalent component, or other controlled
device to a propeller
components.
governor, fuel control
component, or other
controlled components.

The power plant refers to

the overall power package
inclusive of engine, air
intake, mount, cowling,
scoops, cowl flaps, cooling
baffles, etc.
The power plant refers to the
overall power package inclusive of
engine, air intake, mount, B b
cowling, nacelle caps, fairing
flaps, cooling baffles, etc.

"Maintenance Practices"
include servicing,
removal/installation,
adjustment/test,
inspection/check,
cleaning/painting, and
approved repairs.
"Maintenance Practices"
should be located after the
Troubleshooting Section.
"Maintenance Practices" include
servicing, removal/installation,
adjustment/test, inspection/check,
cleaning/painting. And approved B
repairs should be located after
the Troubleshooting Section.

The removal/installation
portion shall state clearly
the sequence of steps
required to remove and
reinstall a component or
unit. This portion
shalln’t include
precautions to be obeyed.
The removal/installation portion
shall hardly state the sequence of
steps required to move and A
reinstall a component or unit.
This portion shall also include
precautions to be watched.

The function, operation and The function, operation and

location of each unit in
location of each unit in the C
the system should be
deleted. system should be described.
The emergency procedures
check list should be in
complicated form. The list
tells pilots which systems
to be investigated. It also
provides operation details
of some systems.
The emergency procedures check
list should be in brief form. The
list tells pilots which items to
C
be examined. It provides nothing
about operation details of any
system.

These tests need some

special equipment or
facilities that are not
installed on the aircraft.
And these tests are the
same to the tests performed
by flight crews.
These tests need special equipment
or facilities that are installed
on the aircraft, and are identical A
with the tests performed by flight
crews.

Sometimes, we use the

Specification to prepare a Sometimes,
during preparing a
Continuing Airworthiness Program,
Continuing Airworthiness
using the Specification may be B
Program that will be
accepted by FAA and other
accepted by non-FAA
airworthiness authority. airworthiness authority.

You can use the second The second method is that it is

method to pressurize
crossover manifold and use
an external air source
connected to the air
charging valve manifold to
pressurize the reservoirs
for ground maintenance.
not necessary to pressurize the
pneumatic crossover manifold but
to use an external air source C
connected to the air charging
valve manifold to pressurize the
reservoirs for ground maintenance.

The computer used for

system control and
monitoring and the control Electronic devices can be found in
nearly all aircraft systems that
inputs and indications in
the cockpit and sensors all are computer for system control A b
over the whole aircraft are and monitoring in the cockpit and
sensors all over the whole
the electronic devices used
aircraft.
in almost all aircraft
systems.

If one or more blades are If one or more blades are absent,

in place , make an entry in make an entry in the engine C
the engine logbook. logbook.
Adjust the potentiometer Adjust the potentiometer until the
unless hear a hum from the loudspeaker no longer hums. C c
loudspeaker .
The repair limits are not The repair limits are not set as
mentioned as special B
special equipment is required.
equipment is required.

The BITE test for the HFS-

900D transceivers is the
operation test that does
the inner check of the HF
transceiver.
The check of the internal
functions of the HF transceiver is
A a
a BITE test related to HFS-900D
transceivers.
In order to depressurize
standby system, the
hydraulic system A must be
depressurized to open the
rudder hydraulic system
selector valve and let
hydraulic fluid flow to the
lower rudder actuator.
Maintenance action is not
necessary and shutoff
periods are not calculated
unless the shutoff valve
was closed for less than
five minutes.
FAR 21.50 provisions are
the basic to the revisions
which are consistent with
the format of the
specification.
A limited number of items
in the Emergency Procedures
check list are determined
to be essential to aid the
pilot in an emergency.
To ensure airworthiness and
safe operation of an
airplane, it is essential
to follow the
manufacturer's instructions
in the utilization of
airplane, and perform sound
inspection and maintenance
practices as well.
Display how to achieve the
main objective to get the
greater ground miles per
gallon by careful flight
planning and attention to
good operating procedures.
When the new situation gets
worse, it should build the
open communication between
the operator and
manufacturer. The operator
claims the situation to get
the feedback from the
manufacturer.
Due to the depressurization of the
alternate system, the hydraulic
system A must be released to open
the rudder hydraulic system B
selector valve and permit
hydraulic fluid to flow to the
bottom rudder actuator.
When a supply shutoff valve was
closed for five minutes,
maintenance action is hardly A
required and shutoff duration are
not included.
To make revisions consistent with
the format of the specification,
B b
the provisions of FAR 21.50 should
be adopted as a basis.
To aid the pilot in an emergency,
it is determined that the
Emergency Procedures check list A
should contain only essential
items.
Airworthiness and safe operation
are fundamental to aircraft
utilization as required by the
B a
manufacturer, so sound inspection
and maintenance practices are
carried out.
The principal purpose is to show
how to increases the ground miles
per gallon as much as possible
C
with careful flight planning and
attention to good operating
procedures.
When something new happens, open
interconnection should exist
between the manufacturer and the A
operator. The operator should
report to the manufacturer to
obtain effective discount.
These tests should not use
the special equipment or
facilities that are not
installed on the aircraft.
These tests should be
similar to the tests
performed by the flight
crews.
Manufacturers are requested
to reserve and exercise the
right to judge contents of
their publications of
reasonable depth and scope.
The overall master wiring
diagrams are too complex to
be understandable, so the
presentation of the systems
shall be simplified and the
interconnections should be
plainly noted.
It is necessary to use
these terms in the approved
example sentences to write
standard information. You
can choose what to express
and how to express it from
the approved structure
Get the corrective tools to
open the containers for
these materials.If you do
not obey these precautions,
injury to your skin and
lungs can occur.
This Section may cover
procedures for handling
This Section may cover procedures
malfunctions or other
deviations that are not of for
deviations
emergency nature, or
involve a potential or involve a potential emergency
emergency that may be that may be deterred.
handled later.
The Preface has been
deleted in the sample CAP
in Section III and the
necessary information has
been excluded in the
Objectives.
The BITE will continue the
BITE test and the airplane
will go back to its usual
condition when you push the
LSK next to EXIT.
These tests should require the
equipment or facilities installed
on the aircraft rather than the
B
special ones and should be
replaceable by the tests
accomplished by the flight crews.
Manufacturers are required to
reserve the right of sound
A
judgment on the contents of their
publications by the bureau.
To make the wiring diagrams
simplified and understandable, the
complex systems should be
C
described in system-functions. The
connection of each system shall be
presented clearly.
The wording must be approved to
indicate that the information
should be written to the same A
standard and you can often use
similar structures and words to
describe the same thing.
Get the proper tools to open the
containers for these materials.If
you do not observe these C
precautions, injury to your skin
and lungs can occur.
handling malfunctions or other
that are not emergent, B b
The Preface has been canceled in
the sample CAP in Section III and C
the necessary information has been
covered in the Objectives.
The BITE will proceed the BITE
test and the airplane will go back
to its normal configuration after A
releasing the LSK that is adjacent
to EXIT.
It is very important to do
the test again and confirm
test results because of
differences in the
fuel/water sample and the
ability of the detection
kits to continuously
measure the level of
microbial growth.
Move the IDG towards the
forward position until the
input shaft is away from
the accessary gearbox and
QAD ring, then move the IDG
towards outboard and free
of the power plant.
They include three
parts,one of them is tail
assembly,one of them is the
structures part at the rear
of the airplane,one of them
is structures part that
forming part of and
attached to the wing.
In normal conditions,the
auxiliary battery and
auxiliary battery charger
should be disconnected.
If the removal of dents on
metallic and composite
structures, and
delamination or punctures
to composite structure is
approved by SRM,CMM,or
SB,it is preferable to
remove the damage prior to
submitting information to
Boeing.
An “emergency” however,
almost always causes a
malfunction that requests
immediate and rapid
response, such as the whole
powerplant failure, fire or
smoke, or rapid cabin
pressurization.
It is mandatory to retest and
evaluate test results to make sure
the differences in the fuel/water
B
sample and the ability of the
detection kits to witness the
level of microbial growth.
After moving the IDG towards the
forward position, then it is free
B
of the accessary gearbox, QAD and
the power plant.
They include two parts,one of them
is tail assembly at the rear of
the airplane that serve to control
and maneuver the aircraft,another C
of them is structures part that
forming part of and attached to
the wing.
In non-normal conditions,the
auxiliary battery and auxiliary A a
battry charger should be
disconnected.
It is recommended that we remove
the damage prior to submitting
information to Boeing,such as
B b
dents on metallic and composite
structures, and delamination or
punctures to composite structure.
However, an “emergency” is often
related to a failure that demands
respond simultaneously, such as
the complete failure of the A a
powerplant, fire or smoke, or
rapid cabin warming.
Present the chart,
examples, associated
conditions and technique on
the same page if possible
and use the page facing the
chart if the space is
insufficient for the
necessary information.
The SMYD1 will limit rudder
movement after receiving
data from up limit switch
of trailing edge flaps
during yaw damping when
flaps are up.
During takeoff, pilots have
more opportunity to move
elevator to nose up
position thanks to the
mach trim actuator who
commands stabilizer to a
more nose down position.
FCC sends an electrical
order to autopilot
actuator. The actuator
converts it to a
hydraulically controlled
mechanical command.
The aileron and the
elevator power control
units(PCU) will carry out
this command.
This is the minimum volume
of flammable vapors. If the
volume is lower, when the
gas contacted with an
ignition source, the fire
would not come out.
The product, for which the
type certificate was
approved, should reach the
airworthiness requirements
within conditions and
limitations stipulating by
this data sheet.
Try to place the examples,
associated conditions and
technique on the same page as the
chart if possible and use another B
page including the chart to
describe the necessary information
when the space is not sufficient.
The SMYD1 will limit yaw damping
to reduce rudder movement when
flaps are up If trailing edge B b
flaps receive data from up limit
switch of SMYD1.
During takeoff, pilots have more
opportunity to move elevator to
nose down position thanks to the
mach trim actuator who commands A
stabilizer to a more nose up
position.
FCC sends an electrical commands
to autopilot actuator. The
actuator receive it to a
hydraulically controlled unit . B b
The aileron and the elevator power
control units(PCU) will carry out
this command from hydraulically
controlled unit.
This is the minimum density of
flammable vapors in air. If the
density was lower, when an
C
ignition source touched the gas,
it would not cause the spread of
flame.
This data sheet regulates
conditions and limitations of the
airworthiness demands that the B
product, which has the qualified
type certificate, should fulfill.
The airworthiness problem
needs immediate action
ahead of the next planning
inspection of that zone,
because it would probably
occur on another plane in
the operator's fleet,
causing equivalent or more
serious corrosion.
From precooler control
valve to 3908 sensor,
remove the sense line test
cap, make certain that the
air flows from the test
hub.
The selection of data by
manual producers included
in this section shall be
governed by the concepts
contained in the preamble
to this specification.
Federal aviation
regulations require
"maximum continuing power"
to be used during the
certifying of the airframe
and engine to meet certain
criteria.
Solenoid valves shall be
shown with a symbol. The
valve indicates whether the
valve is spring-loaded to
the open or closed
position.
This specification is
intended to provide
guidance for the
development of Handbooks
for all types of general
aviation aircraft, which
are initially certificated
at maximum takeoff weights
of 12,500 pounds or less.
Due to any other airplane in the
operator's fleet could have the
comparable or more vital
corrosion, the airworthiness B c
problem should be investigated
immediately before the next
periodic inspection of that zone.
The purpose of the test cap
removal from the Precooler Control
Valve to the 3908 sensor is to A a
guarantee that there is airflow at
the test port.
In this selection, the producer's
choice of data should be bound by
B
concepts contained in the preamble
of this specification.
Federal aviation regulations, in
combination of airframe and engine
certification process, the use of
"maximum continuous power", are A a
used to show compliance with
certain standards.
Solenoid valves shall be shown
with a mark. The mark indicates
whether the valve is spring-loaded C
to the open or closed position.
This specification is intended to
provide guidance for the
preparation of Handbooks. For all
B
types of general aviation
aircraft, their maximum take-off
weight is more than 12,500 pounds.
Section 1 of the Pilot's
Operating Handbook shall
present basic data and
information of general
interest to the pilot. The
general interest is useful
in loading, sheltering,
handling, and routine
preflight checking of the
airplane.
It is mandatory that each
manufacturer adhere to the
Specification content and
arrangement to achieve the
objectives of this
Specification (enhance
safety, reduce efforts,
minimize costs).
If you fail to operate the
system control properly or
the equipment is damaged,
the hydraulic fluid will be
transferred between
hydraulic system A and B.
A reporting system,
compliance with the system
used by the ABC Service
Organization, has been
established and comprised
of this document.
For Unscheduled Maintenance
Checks, the manufacturer
will have the choice to
separate the information of
Time Limits/Inspections and
Maintenance Checks in
manuals. The manual can be
the Maintenance Manual.
Where chapters have been
eliminatd through combining
with other chapters, the
original chapter title will
be listed in the table of
contents at the front of
the manual,and the
material will be located in
the original chapter.
Section 1 of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook shall present basic data
and information of general
interest to the pilot. The pilot A
is useful in loading, sheltering,
handling, and routine preflight
checking of the airplane.
Each manufacturer is expected to
adhere to the Specification
content and arrangement reasonably
so as to enhance safety, reduce C
efforts, and minimize costs which
are the objectives of this
Specification.
Flow of hydraulic fluid between
hydraulic system A and B result in
accidental operation of system B
controls or damaged equipment.
A reporting system, constituent
with the system employed by the
ABC Service Organization, has been A
established and accomplished in
this document.
The information on Unscheduled
Maintenance Checks should be
provided in the Maintenance Manual
including Time Limits/Inspections
C
and Maintenance Checks. Whether to
include these information in an
other manual is at the
manufacturer's option.
If a chapter is deleted by other
chapters, the original chapter
title will be listed in the table
of contents at the front of the A a
manual and the location will be
indicated in the reference
materials.
Instructions required for
parking or storing the
aircraft under normal or
abnormal conditions, such
as engine removal, aircraft
damage, etc., which are
used for short-term or
long-term under extreme
weather conditions.
The normal control for the
left pack makes sure that
it supplies air. The
cooling provides the
necessary temperature for
the flight compartment.
In order to express the
meaning that you want,
always make sure that you
know what you want to say
and you use the words.
The airplane's maintenance
manual (or Instructions for
Continuing Airworthiness)
serves as the main document
that contains the
procedures to ensure the
continuing airworthiness of
the airplane. CAP is a
supplementation to the
manual.
You can do the test
following procedures --
with the Central
Maintenance Computer System
by the MCDU, you have
probably learned already,
and with a test switch on
the VOR receiver in the
avionics compartment.
This organization was asked
to research the legibility
of maintenance
documentation in the civil
aviation industry and get a
way to simplify the
language used to write such
documentation.
Those instructions necessary to
park or store the aircraft in
normal or abnormal conditions such
B
as with engines removed, aircraft
damaged, etc.either short-term or
long-term.
The usual control for the left
pack assures that the temperature
of the supplied air will provide C
the control cabin with the needed
cooling.
Always make sure that you use what
you want to say to express the
A
words with the meaning that you
want.
CAP supplements the airplane's
maintenance manual (or
Instructions for Continuing
Airworthiness). The supplements B b
are the major document and involve
in the procedures for the
continuing airworthiness of the
airplane.
The test can be done in either way
below-- using the Central
Maintenance Computer System via
the MCDU, as you have probably C
already learned, or using a test
switch on the VOR receiver in the
avionics compartment.
This organization was asked to
study the readability of
maintenance documentation in the
A
civil aviation industry and find a
method to single out the language
used to write such documentation.
Water displaying corrosion
inhibiting compound has
applied on certain
airplanes structure in the
locations in this figure.
Periodic reapplication must
be applied in these and
other locations, so as to
maintain effectiveness of
this protection.
Although this specification
coheres with recognized
industry practices , it is
written in vast general
terms and it is asserted
that problems will appear
which are not treated
sufficiently by the
specification.
The additional information
should be followed by the
pilots to make better
understanding the check
list.
Based on the particular
airplane design, operating
or handling distinguishing
feature, Emergency
Procedures and related
information must be
provided.
An "Emergency" almost
including a serious failure
that requires later
response, such as a total
engines failure, flame out
or smoke, or rapid cabin
pressurization.
Some types of equipment
such as avionics and
instrumentation are changed
regularly or combined in
different forms, requiring
to have one or more
separate documents.
Water displacing anti-seize
compound has been applied on
certain airplanes construction in
the locations in this figure.
A
Periodic reapplication should be
utilized in these and other
locations, in order to keep
effectiveness of the protection.
Though this specification complies
with accepted industry practice,
it is compiled in wide generic
terms and it is recognized that C c
problems which are not treated
adequately by the specification
will arise.
The additional information is
followed the check list, to make
the pilots better understanding A
the check list the pilots should
read it in sequence.
The Emergency Procedures and other
special information necessary for
safe operation shall be provided
for emergencies that is common to B b
all airplane design, operating or
handling characteristics.
For "emergency", the related
failure should be treated
immediately, for example, the
total engine is not A a
malfunctioning, fire or smoke,
sudden cabin pressure lost.
Some types of equipment such as
avionics and instrumentation are
often revised or combined A b
differently to require one or more
separate documents.
In designing schematic
diagrams, it may be
necessary to pay attention
to both detail that is
necessary to make the
diagram self-explanatory,
and simplicity that is
essential for ease of
reading and understanding.
The manufacturer is
intended to utilize an
airplane with sound
inspection and maintenance
practices because that is
the basis for assuring the
airplane remains airworthy
and safe to operate.
Each handbook shall provide
an aircraft side view that
is included in an "Airplane
Weighing Form" to show the
position of weighing points
(using jacking points or
landing gear) related to
the datum line.
The objective of STE is to
provide writers with
general principles on how
to prepare technical
documents in a clear,
simple and distinct manner
that readers all over the
world can easily
understand.
Refer to this letter to
help mitigate moisture
ingress into the connector
cavity even if there is a
available service bulletin
to correct the problem.
This specification agrees
with recognized industry
practices, and the problems
can't be avoided according
to this specification.
Detail makes the diagram self-
explanatory. Simplicity makes it
easy to read and understand. It is
necessary to consider both of them C
and make a compromise if needed
when designing schematic diagrams.
The airplane is designed to be
used as the manufacturer's
intention. Users shall properly
inspect the airplane and do A c
sufficient maintenance to assure
its airworthiness and operation
safety.
An airplane three view that shows
the weighing points ((using
jacking points or undercarriage)
A
relative to the datum line shall
be excluded in an "Airplane
Weighing Form" of each handbook.
The function of STE is to describe
how to prepare technical texts in
a easy, clear and specific way and B
to allow readers all over the
world to understand difficultly.
If there is a available service
bulletin to correct the problem
that moisture ingress into the A
connector cavity, the letter then
will provide procedures .
If this specification is written
in professional terms, the
B
problems will be treated
adequately.
One of the basis for Utilizing an airplane as intended
assuring the airplane
by the manufacturer is the only
remains airworthy and safe
basis for assuring the airplane A a
to operate is sound remains airworthy and safe to
inspection and maintenance
operate.
practices and forms.

The title and corresponding
aircraft name should be
prominently displayed on
the cover page or on the
spine of the manual. Other
information can also be
displayed on the cover.
On the cover page, the title and
the applicable aircraft name shall
be prominently displayed or on the
B
spine of the Handbook. Other
information can also be displayed
on the cover.

This document shall specify

the minimum allowed crack
size expected to be
discovered for a crack
inspection or, if no
minimum is defined, an
equally valid standard.
The minimum crack size you are
going to discover during a crack
inspection shall be included in
B
this document. However, if you
could not set forth a standard, a
statement shall take place.

You shall know clearly that

when the subject system or
equipment is installed, the
Pilot's Operating Handbook
must always contain the
related Supplement.
When the subject system or
equipment is installed, you need
to clearly identify the associated B
Supplement in the Pilot's
Operating Handbook at all times.

These inspection features

can be changed or deleted
If changing or deleting of these
if they don't get approval inspection features is approved by
of the FAA Oversight Office
that is responsible for the the FAA Oversight Office that A
manages the airplane model Type
airplane model Type
Certificate because they Certificate, they are mandatory.
are mandatory.

If alternative tools or
equipment are used, the
operator must ensure that
they can play the same role
and are as safe as the
tools or equipment
specified in the procedure
to the parts and personnel.
If the manufacturer can make sure
that alternative tools or
equipment can meet the requirement B
and are as safe to the parts and
equipment as the ones specified in
the procedure, you can use them.

It is a necessity for the

operators to provide the
Operators should provide the
base wire bundle number
number(61-30396 in this case) of
(61-30396 in this case) and
tail number of the airplane the airplane where the bundles are B b
to be installed on if ordering any
on which the bundle is to
wire bundles from Boeing is
be installed if ordering necessary.
any wire bundles from
Boeing is necessary.
Detailed information on
more intricate and specific
subjects can be written in
two ways: Maintenance
Manual or individual
documents. The two ways are
dependent on manufacturer's
option properly.
The specification is used
to prepare and release
simpler manuals for less
complicated aircraft rather
than the aircraft operated
by large scheduled airlines
while achieving industry-
wide standardization of
terminology and format.
Use good white paper with
high strength quality and
of adequate weight to
delete excessive show-
through when printed on
both sides.
The format and layout
should be determined by the
CAP producer, it is
intended that the format
and layout shall be similar
to the producer's existing
files.
Some time you have to
incorporate long sentences
into shorter ones, decrease
unnecessary information, or
require an engineer for
further instruction.
Using the wet wing concept,
all fuel is stored in three
tanks. These three tanks
include main tank 1, main
tank 2 and center tank.
These three tanks are made
up of the main wing
structure.
The positive pressure
relief valves are fail safe
devices. If the positive
pressure relief valves
fails closed, these aft
outflow valve bleed
fuselage pressure
overboard.
It is up to the manufacturer to
decide where and to what extent to
include detailed information about
more sophisticated and C
professional topics, either in the
common Maintenance Manual or in
another new documents.
This specification specifies the
preparation and release of less
complex manuals for aircraft that
are less complex and operated by
B b
large scheduled airlines, and
realizes the industry wide
standardization of terms and
formats.
Use white paper with good strength
and of sufficient weight and
substance to prevent overmuch ink C c
show-through the paper when
printed on both sides.
The format and layout should be
determined by the CAP producer,
recognized that it is desirable
B
the format and layout should be
the same as the producer's
existing documentaries.
Sometime you must illuminate long
sentences into shorter ones,
ignore information which is not A
necessary, or order an engineer
for further definition.
Using the wet wing concept, all
fuel is stored in three tanks.
These three tanks include main
tank 1, main tank 2 and center B
tank. The primary wing structure
consists of main tank 2 and center
tank.
The positive pressure relief
valves are fail safe devices. If
the aft outflow valve fails
C c
closed, these positive pressure
relief valves bleed fuselage
pressure overboard.
Low flow through the
equipment cooling supply
system is caused by a
contaminated air filter,
therefore regular
replacement is necessary,
release the quick release
tabs on the air filter
housing cover to approach
to the filters.
If the updated pages,
including back-up pages, Up to 60% of total pages
were less than 60% of the (including back-up pages) were
total page of the manual, a accumulated by mistake, the manual
new manual should be should be rewritten.
copied.
Legends shall be explained
in a simple way within the
diagram at the bottom or on
an adjacent page except
for abbreviation with
numbers in a list.
Adjust the clearance
dimension between the
extend proximity sensor
[44A] and the target [45]
in case of the clearance
dimension is out of
tolerance. Some of the
ducts in the air
distribution system are
wrapped with non-conductive
material .
Use the applicable SAFETY
BARRIERS, specified by the
operator's instructions and
your local regulations if
necessary. These
communications are affected
by the atmosphere and
difficult to understand.
The Check List for the
pilot may be set by
"Challenge" and "Response"
headings for two airplanes
or by "Item" and
"Condition" headings for
single Airplane.
A blocked air filter which causes
low flow through the equipment
cooling supply system needs
replacement on a regular
C
maintenance schedule. Release the
quick release tabs on the air
filter housing cover to reach the
filters.
A a
If the space is enough, the
legends shall be stated within the
diagram and do not list them by C
numerical abbreviations at the
bottom or on an adjacent page.
Adjust the clearance dimension
between the extend proximity
sensor [44A] and the target [45]
until the clearance dimension is B
out of range. Some of the ducts in
the air distribution system are
wrapped with compound material.
Use the applicable SAFETY
BARRIERS, classified by the
operator's instructions and your
local regulations if necessary. B
These communications are subjected
to atmospheric interference and
difficult to understand.
For two pilot airplanes,
"Challenge" and "Response"
headings may be used on the Check
C
List. For single pilot Airplanes,
"Item" and "Condition" headings
may be used.
The recommended procedures
for conducting normal
operations shall be
described in this Section
of the Pilot's Operating
Handbook clearly and
accurately.
As the inflation tests and
material inspections can
affirm and declare the
minor installation defects
of the rafts, rafts checked
by tests and inspections
may come into service with
no definition.
There are schematics which
need to list a lot of
items, so the items listed
should be sorted according
to certain rules, such as
the order in which the
items are placed on the
plane.
Based on the Boeing Docs
and the associated ADs, if
the size of the thrust
reverser upper locking
actuator lock sensor target
is increased, it may result
in delayed or undetected
the actuator failure.
For the intention of this
specification, " airplane"
is know as the airframe
selective components set
forth in the Type
Certificate or provided by
the airplane producer.
In order to show the pilot
how to take full advantage
of fuel during operation of
the airplane, Suggested
Fuel Conservation
Information shall be merged
into this section.
The recommended procedures shall
be stated in this Section of the
Pilot's Operating Handbook clearly B b
and fuzzily for the conduct of
normal operations.
Rafts succeed in tests and
inspections may keep the service
indefinitely from a time that the
inflation tests and material A
inspections identified and
announced the rafts with many
minor installation defects.
List a large number of schematics
in logical order, such as the
B b
position of the items on the
plane.
As described in Boeing Docs and
the associated ADs, if the
orientation of the locking
actuator on the thrust reverser B
locking sensor target changes, the
actuator failure will be delayed
or undetected.
For purposes of this
specification, "aircraft" means
the airframe and parts specified
in the Type Certificate or the C c
related optional parts supplied by
the aircraft manufacturer.
Approved Fuel Conservation
Information shall be merged into
this section so as to show the A a
pilot the fuel usage during
operation of the airplane.
With respect to format,
style and method of
presenting for all
materials which are
contained in Maintenance
Manuals prepared by
manufacturers, you can
refer to the rules that are
included in this
specification.
When presenting format, style and
method for rules of this
specification, all materials of
B
Maintenance Manuals prepared by
manufacturers shall be accorded
with.

This Section contains

limitations which shall be
clearly stated and cross-
referenced to the proper
paragraph in Section 2 of
the Handbook.
The proper paragraph in Section 2
of the Handbook shall describe and B
cross-reference this Section
included in this limitations.

除了这个CAP的风格和格式的例 除了CAP的样式和格式示例外，制造商
子外，制造商可以使用其出版 还可以使用其出版物样式手册或其他适 C
风格手册或其他适当的风格手 当的样式手册。
册。

注：第三节的CAP样本中省略了 注：CAP样例的第III节“前言”部分并
“前言”，“目标”中包含了 未包含任何内容，相关必要信息已包含 A
必要的信息。 在“目标”部分中。

在《持续适航维修大纲》检查 《持续适航维修大纲》检查文件编号中
文件编号中，代表章号的两位 的两个数字应由GAMA第2号规范中的编
数字应遵循GAMA 第2号规范的 号系统决定。 B
编号体系。

这个系统并不取代正常的沟通
渠道，进而处理《持续适航维 该报告系统不会阻碍《持续适航维修大 A a
修大纲（CAP）》不涉及的项目 纲（CAP）》未涵盖项目的正常交流。
。

运营人可使用ABC公司标准的“
状况报告表”或其他等效表格 飞行员可以使用标准的ABC“条件报告
表”或包含相同信息的同等表格。 A
。

拆下翼身整流罩。 拆下机翼连接整流罩。 C

垂直安定面翼尖翼梁改装 垂直安定面翼尖缘条改装 C a

应当提供与额外的重量和平衡 可以提供额外的配重和配平以及相关信 A c
相关的信息。 息。

制造商应使用格式来适合特定 制造商使用的格式应与具体的飞机以及
飞机和《飞行员操作手册》尺 《飞行员操作手册》尺寸相适合。 A
寸。
本段描述了确定空机重量和力 本段描述了确定空机重量和力矩（与参
矩（相对于基准点）的程序。 考基准面有关）的程序。 A

应说明配载计算时使用的计算 应说明需在载荷计算中使用计算程序和
B
程序和“基本空重”数据。 “操作空重”数据。

对飞机重量或平衡无显著影响 对飞机重量或平衡没有显著影响的设备 B
的设备无须包含在此清单中。 需要列出。

描述每个设备清单项，并显示
逐一描述清单中的每项设备，并显示其
其有关基准面的重量和飞机位 A c
重量和相对于飞机基准点的位置。
置。

描述飞机机体时，应描述可供 描述飞机机体时，应描述座椅布局。
B
选择的座位构型。

描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应描述所有
描述操纵原理，如必要，还应 的操作机械，并在必须要时提供平面图 B
提供示意图。 。

描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应解释配平
C
对相应的配平装置进行描述。 安排。

描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，应说明任何
说明任何互联装置。 内部连接设置。 B a

描述飞机飞行控制系统时，用 描述飞机飞行控制系统时，如果安装了
控制增强系统，应对相应的系统进行描 C
系统说明操纵增强。
述。

在描述飞机行李舱时，应给出 在描述飞机行李舱时，应给出加载提示
A
压力提示。 。

描述飞机灯光系统时，应描述 描述飞机灯光系统时，应描述各种向内
飞机的各个内部和外部灯光系 和向外的应急灯光系统。 B
统。

描述飞机起落架时，应描述其 描述飞机起落架时，应描述施工方法。 A a
建设。

描述飞机起落架时，应描述撤 描述飞机起落架时，应描述起落架收上
C c
回机构（如有）。 机制（如有）。
描述飞机起落架时，应描述放 描述飞机起落架时，应描述冲击避免系
重装系统。 统。 A

描述飞机起落架时，应描述机
轮刹车。 描述飞机起落架时，应描述机轮停车。 B

描述飞机起落架时，应描述起 描述飞机起落架时，应说明应急逃生系
A
落架应急放出系统。 统。

如果襟翼的放出量和襟翼手柄
如果襟翼扩大的幅度与襟翼手柄位置不
位置不一致，再做一次测试程 B
一致，重复一次测试程序。
序。

飞机结构件的面积、尺寸、纵 飞机结构件的面积、尺寸、水位线、接
剖面、接近门以及物理位置由 近门以及物理位置由表、图和文本表示 A
表、图和文本表示。 。

AMM 的第 12章第10节是关于补 AMM 的第 12章第10节是关于补液的。

液的。它提供了补给燃油、滑
油、液压油、水、其他液体和 它提供了补给液压油、滑油、燃油、水
A b
、其他液体和轮胎压力等所需的说明。
轮胎压力等所需的说明。

以下程序包含 IATA 关于标准 以下程序包含 IATA 关于标准加油口加

飞机平面内加油程序的指导材 油程序的指导材料中指定的信息。 A c
料中指定的信息。

计划性勤务包括内部清理等工 计划性勤务包括内部整理等工作。不包
作。不包括润滑程序，这是维 括润滑程序，这是维修工作实施所要求 A
修工作实施所要求的。 的。

“非计划性勤务”包括对于停 “非计划性勤务”包括对于停放的飞机
放的飞机进行除冰除雪、在长 进行除冰除雪、在过长时间的停车后对
A
时间停车后对活塞发动机进行 活塞发动机进行润滑等方面的说明。
预先润滑等方面的说明。

环境控制系统由具有提供座舱 环境控制系统由具有提供座舱增压、加
增压、加热、冷却、湿度控制
热、冷却、湿度控制、过滤和处理用来
、过滤和处理用来在机身密封 B
在机身密封舱内的循环空气功能的组件
舱内的通风空气功能的组件和
和部件构成。
部件构成。
语音通信利用调频的电磁波来
语音通信利用调幅的电磁波来从空对空
从空对空或空对地的设备传输 A
和/或接收消息。 或空对地的设备传输和/或接收消息。

音频整合功能控制通信和导航
音频整合功能控制通信和导航接收机的
接收机的输出，将其整合到飞
输出，将其整合到飞行员的耳机和话筒
行员的耳机和扬声器中，同时 中，同时将飞行员麦克风的输出整合到 B b
将飞行员麦克风的输出整合到
通信传感器中。
通信发射机中。

电源系统讲的是发电、控制和 电源系统讲的是发电、控制和向其他系
向其他系统提供交流或直流电 统提供交流或直流电的组件和部件，包
A
的组件和部件，包括发电机、 括发电机、继电器、静变流器、电瓶等
继电器、整流器、电瓶等。 。

交流发电系统包括变流器、交 交流发电系统包括整流器、交流发电机
流发电机、控制和调节组件， 、控制和调节组件， 指示系统，连到 A
指示系统，连到上述部件的导 上述部件的导线，但主汇流条不包括在
线，但主汇流条不包括在内。 内。

交流配电分几个步骤进行：从
不同电源到主交流汇流条;然后 交流配电分几个步骤进行：从不同电源
，从主交流汇流条直接到重要 到主交流汇流条;然后，从交流转换汇
的负载（泵，厨房......）， 流条直接到重要的负载（泵，厨 A
或向相关的子汇流条;从这些子 房......），或向相关的子汇流条;从
汇流条分配到不同的交流负载 这些子汇流条分配到不同的交流负载。
。

电源系统描述的是发电、控制
电源系统描述的是发电、控制和通过汇
和通过汇流条向其他系统提供
交流/直流电的电气组件和部件 流条向其他系统提供交流/直流电的电 A
气组件和部件，包括发电机、接触器、
，包括发电机、接触器、变流 整流器、电瓶等
器、电瓶等

航空器在任何可能遇到的情况 航空器应该服从什么样的条件进行滑行
下如何拖动和滑行的说明在” 和拖动的说明在”拖动与滑行”这个标 B
拖动与滑行”这个标题下。 题下。

显示连接点位置、转弯半径等 显示连接点位置、转弯半径等信息的功
B b
信息的图示应包含在内。 能图应包含在内。
“拖动与滑行”中还包括如何
“拖动与滑行”中还包括如何在正常和
在正常和如在软地面、湿滑或
如在软地面、湿滑或结冰的道面，发动
结冰的道面，发动机不在翼或 B b
飞机受损等非正常情况下拖飞 机不在翼等非正常情况下拖飞机或推飞
机, 否则飞机将受损的说明。
机或推飞机的说明。

"拖动和滑行”中应包括所需的
设备和器材，如拖车、拖杆、 "拖动和滑行”中应包括所需的设备和 B
参靠资料如拖车、拖杆、电缆等
钢索等

航空器在任何可能遇到的情况 航空器应该服从什么样的条件来停留和
下如何停留和系留的说明在” 系留的说明在”停留和系留”这个标题 B
停留和系留”这个标题下。 下。

应有图标来显示起落架锁、舵 应有图标来显示起落架锁和舵面锁，堵
面锁、堵头和蒙布、系留点等 头堵盖，系留点位置等信息。 A
的位置。

将飞机停放或存放在正常或发 将飞机停放或存放在正常或发动机不可
动机受损、飞机受损等;短期或 用、飞机受损等;短期或长期暴露在极 A
长期暴露在极端天气中等异常 端天气中等异常条件下的必要说明，
条件下的必要说明，

AMM中有停放飞机的程序，例如 AMM中有停放飞机的程序，例如发电机
发电机定期开车、控制或排放 重复开车、对油液系统控制和放泄、静 B
油液系统、静电接地等。 态接地等。

在”停放“这节中包含一些预 在”停放“这节中包含一些预防措施和
防措施和限制， 例如在起落架 限制， 例如在起落架减震支柱内的油
减震支柱内的压力和机轮的转 压和机轮的转速方面。 A a
速方面。

维护手册应提供标牌或标签的 维护手册应提供标牌或标记的位置和图
位置和图示， 以表明哪些是最 示， 以表明哪些是最低设备清单要求 C
低设备清单项目。 的。

编号应冠以章节号，按数字顺 以章节号开头，数字大小排列。 A b
序排列。

警告、谨慎和注意可用来突出 警告、告诫和注意可用来突出或强调重
或强调重点要点。 点要点。 C
正常操作程序下的短场和软场
短地和软地着陆的正常通告程序 A
着陆

“扭矩计”显示的是螺旋桨轴 “扭矩计”测量了螺旋桨轴上可用的输
B b
输出的可用扭矩。 出扭矩。

该速度指示仪此段弧线的上限 该速度指示仪此段弧线的上限是襟翼收
是允许放襟翼的最大速度。 起情况下所允许的最大速度。 B

该速度指示仪此段弧线的下限
是着陆构型下的最大横向速度 该速度指示仪此段弧线的下限是最大重 C c
量情况下着陆构型时的失速速度。
。

鼓励“异常程序”加入手册中 鼓励“异常流程”步骤被合并入手册。
A
。

大写关键词的开关和杠杆位置 “条件栏”中的关键字或开关及手柄位
C
。 置使用大写。

控制垂直安定面/鸭翼位置和移 控制水平/前翼位置和移动的系统部分 A a
动的系统部分。 。

蒙皮覆盖机身外表面，包括接
飞机的蒙皮包括舱门和倍增器。 B
近门和加强件。

齿轮箱包含了齿轮火车和曲轴 有一类齿轮箱包含了齿轮组和轴。
。 A a

这些灯和电门用于指示螺旋桨 这些灯和电门用于指示螺旋桨运行或系 B c
系统的运行或启动状态。 统激活。

动力装置通过废气或螺旋桨发 动力装置通过尾气或螺旋桨产生推力。
A
展推力。

整个机体及其部件由铆钉、螺 飞机框架及部件由铆钉、螺栓、螺钉和
B
栓、螺钉和其他紧固件连接。 其他紧固件连接。

在工作区域放置安全电源。 放置安全屏障在入口通道的位置。 A
在记录本上做账目。 进入到记录本的登记中。 A a

当移动带有隔离层的喷管或排 当移动带有绝缘层的喷管或排气锥时要 C
气锥时要小心。 小心。

使用清洁剂ARDR0X6025或等效 使用清洁剂ARDR0X6025或同等重量的物
物。 品。 B

将轮胎放平，释放轮胎内的氮 让轮胎放气并充填氮气。
A
气。
燃油泵必须要经过这个阶段才 通过这个步骤保证燃料能够到泵的位置
A a
能正常工作。 。
估计必须的清洗液数量。 估计所需要的消耗量。 A a

通过事件来检查一个损伤。 事故后检查损伤。 C
发出脱水的指令。 使化合物变干。 C
如果导线摩擦，过段时间后会
断裂。 如果导线摩擦，过段时间将会破损。 B

如果指示灯显示变弱，则更换 如果测试指示有渗漏现象，则更换阀门
阀门。 。 C

把修理补片精确地补到损伤区
精确的将受损伤的区域围挡起来。 B
域。
检查刀片是否有擦伤。 检查叶片是否出现凹坑。 A a
图2举出了两个受损网络的修复
图2是损坏网页的修复程序示例。 A a
过程。
减小氮气压力120 磅/平方英尺 把氮气压力减小120 磅/平方英尺。 A a
。
使用这个过滤器可以有效减少 这个过滤器能够净化供应的空气，完全
A a
空气供应中的污染程度。 消灭颗粒物。
如果持续处于低气压状态，就 如果低压状态持续，则更换组件。
需要维修零件。 C c

清除座椅上的污垢后用湿布擦
拭。 用湿布清除座椅上的所有松散污垢。 C

真空设备可以抽走化合物中的 真空设备用于从化合物中提取空气。 B c
空气。
逆时针旋转调节器时应当增加 逆时针旋转调节器，每次增量60度。 C c
60度。
请在完成解锁前移动控制杆（ 移动控制杆（器）之前先解锁。
器）。 C c

不要直接用高压气瓶从系统中 不要直接用高压气瓶给系统充气。
抽气。 C

在启动发动机之前，脱开离合 拆卸离合器，启动发动机。 B b
器。
使用清洁剂对面罩组件进行清 使用消毒剂时应当佩戴面罩。
A
洁。
通过吹气向管子添加剩余的液 通过向管子吹气移除剩下的液体。
C
体。
在测试中不要改变工作步骤的 改变工作步骤的顺序在测试时是必要的
顺序。 。 B

当轮胎冷却后胎压会减小。 胎压受到温度因素的影响。 B

确保每个面板中电门指示灯的 确保每个面板中的电门设置为关闭状态
C
处于关掉状态。 。
这种材料被证明具有优异的防 现有涂料的防腐效果非常显著。 A
退化性能。

完成测试后，拆下传感器。 安装传感器后方可进行测试。 B

向油箱中注入大约2升燃油。 排空油箱，获取约2升燃油。 A a

一个发电机可以为一台系统供
一台发电机能够给所有系统供电。 C
电。
将气缸的安装位置提升到上方
将气缸提升至其安装位置的上方。 C
。
如果摇晃溶液，请等待一小时 如果晃动了溶液，一小时内请不要使用 C a
后再打开。 。

确保空气流量为10升/分钟。 确保气流不超过10升/分钟。 C

把温度写在发动机记录卡上。 温度信息需要参考发动机记录卡。 B

为获得正确的值，请将卡扣拔 将把手切换到2的位置以获取正确的数
A a
到2的位置。 值。
在超过300节的速度时，灯会亮
在大约300节的时候灯就会亮。 C c
起。
丢弃所有粘合效果达标的密封
丢弃所有黏合不好的密封件。 C
件。

发动机性能与燃油泄漏无关。 燃油渗漏会降低发动机性能。 C c

在断开导线之前，给系统放气 在断开部件之前，请确保完全停止供气 A
体。 。
支撑柱将地板结构固定在地面 支撑柱适用于稳定的地板结构。
A a
上。
加油软管不必碰到油箱的边缘
加油软管应该固定在油箱的边缘。 A
。
如果手柄意外移动，再做一次 如果重新测试，确保手柄不会意外移动
B
测试。 。

如果温度下降到低于零，请拆 如果温度降至零度以下，则将水系统排 C
卸水系统。 空。

当襟翼运达终点时，马达会停 当挡板的行程结束时，电机停止。
B a
止。
用粗糙的一面把表面打磨光滑 将补丁哑光的一面贴在光滑的表面上。
。 C c

转动调节器，直到光线变暗。 转动控制器，直到灯变亮。 A

逐渐打开充电装置上的旋塞。 逐步打开充电单元上的开关。 B

在安装U型卡箍前先做润滑。 安装前用润滑脂涂抹V型卡箍。 C c

拆卸前用润滑脂润滑V型卡箍。 在安装V型卡箍前先打磨光滑。 A

这些防护化合物也适用于紧急 这批密封化合物同样适用于紧急情况。
C
情况。

确保舱门上装有保险系统。 查看开关是否安装了保险。 A a

剪保险丝时要小心，它会伤害 锁住电线时要小心。它会对你的眼睛造
你的眼睛。 成伤害。 B

在最大推力下，制动器必须防 在全推力情况下，刹车必须防止飞机启
A
止飞机摆动。 动。

使发动机怠速运转20分钟。 快速运行发动机20分钟。 B

当灯点亮时，它能够照亮后反 当灯点亮时，它能够显示在后视反光镜
B b
光镜。 上。
确保速度刹车立即缩回。 确保减速制动器立即断开。 B a

这种冷却剂与铝合金不兼容。 这种冷却剂与钛合金不兼容。 B b

如果襟翼运转缓慢，再次调整 如果襟翼达不到全行程，再次调节连杆
C
传动杆。 。
在液晶显示器上，最大限度保 始终保持液晶显示器的亮度处于最小状
持亮度是可控的。 态。 A

将适配器靠在支柱上。 将适配器与支柱接合在同一位置。 B

湿度越大，水分蒸发越慢。 温度越高，蒸发的速度越快。 C c

如果任意支架损坏，则继续执 如果没有任何跳开关损坏，则继续执行
A
行此程序。 此程序。
确保在表1中给定的范围内进行 确保按照表1中的数值进行校准。
B b
调节。

在接触到热的操纵舵面时，这 这种材料接触热表面时会释放出危险的 C
种材料会产生奇怪的烟雾。 烟雾。

参考运营商的说明来校准测试 要调节测试装置，请参考制造商手册。 A a
装置。

为防止系统意外运行，安装安 安全锁定系统，以防止系统意外操作。
全锁。 B b

为加快风化过程，给化合物加 为加快固化过程，给化合物加热。
C c
热。

燃油泵与隔框安装紧密。 滑油滤安装在机匣附近。 A

供应足够容量和直径的容器。 提供符合规范的容器和量尺。 B

给工程人员分配不同的操作任 给技术人员分配不同的维修任务。
务。 C
在大气中干燥排油口。 在空中排干加油口。 A a
所有三个支架孔必须与燃油管
所有三个支架孔必须与燃油管齐平。 B c
对齐。
根据显示要求必须与台架上的 显示结果必须与表中的数值一致。
C
活门保持相同。

操作旋转式开关，确保灯光发 已调节明暗开关，灯光的亮度发生了变
A
生变化。 化。

采用这种检修方法可以发现变 执行排故程序，以找出故障原因。
C c
形的原因。

用表6001中规定的化学剂去除 清除表6001中提及的化学脱胶情况。
B b
腐蚀。

本软件只适用于特殊的操作系 本软件仅与指定的操作系统兼容。
C
统。
选择量规必须参照已有的质量
采购护目镜必须满足相应的质量标准。 A a
标准。

圆的直径必须最小为8mm。 曲线的直径必须最大为8mm。 A

安装这个组件需要专用工具。 组件的安装需要精确的工具。 B a

用直边的卡尺测量凹坑的深度
用直尺和塞尺测量凹坑的深度。 C
。
为找到中点，将测量出的间隙
找到中点，用2除以测量出的间隙。 B
除以2。
在本构型中，可以选用不同的 本次会议强制要求使用不同的测试程序
A
测试程序。 。

用编码标识复合材料，以帮助 用代码标识部件，以帮助正确地再次安
C c
再次正确安装。 装。

用清水浸湿并清洗带有洗涤剂 用干净的棉布清除污渍，再用清水洗涤
A
的干净棉布。 。

注：如果随机软件包丢失，将 注：如果随机行李丢失，请提供行李牌
其补齐。 。 B

确保能通过耳机与客舱进行对 确保能在耳机里听到驾驶舱的对话。 C c
话。

如果电瓶需要充电，则继续接 如果需要更换电瓶，则接通电源。
通电源。 B b

The condition of the The condition of the radar has an

antenna influences its important effect on its A a
properties greatly. characteristics.
Lift the seat until it is Eject the seat until it is B b
away from the track locks. isolated from the track locks.
Incorrect operation is A blocked oil jet can cause
absolutely resulted from a incorrect operation. C c
blocked ignitor.
It is acceptable the coils
Ensure that the coils of the
of the chlorine hose rub nitrogen hose do not rub together. A a
together.
The pressure shall be
estimated by using accurate Calculate the pressure with the C c
applicable formula.
equation.
When working with high
The safety precautions are
resistances, you should
optional in an environment with A
follow the safety
precautions. high voltages.

Keep flammable materials at Explosive materials must be kept

a minimum distance of 50 at least 50 feet away from the B
feet from the work area. work area.
Do not apply the second Let the first layer of paint dry
layer of paint if the first fully before you apply the second C
layer has dried thoroughly. layer.
To prevent environmental In order to prevent contamination,
pollution, this task must
be done in a very clean the task you must do is to find a A
very clean environment.
area.

There should be no visual It is forbidden to have acoustic

difference between the difference between the former
B
initial surface finish and surface finish and the new surface
the new surface finish. finish.
You can see the lower seal Only after you pull the lower seal
before pulling the lower down can you see the lower A
bearing down. bearing.
Replace components that are The maximum limits can not be
worn beyond their maximum exceeded when repairing the worn B b
limits. components.
The data we are now The data used for the calculations
calculating in this example in this example apply only to a B c
apply only to Type B unit. Type B unit.
The replacement of the The filter can not be replaced
filter is optional before unless you put new oil in the A a
refueling the system. system.
The wire must be positioned Ensure the wire is positioned to
so that the parts can create a locking motion on parts. C
oscillate freely.

必要时应使用箭头表示流向来 利用箭头指示的方向来理解线路施工图 B
理解原理图。 。

应针对电磁活门标明注意事项 电磁活门应标有符号，表明该活门是弹
，说明该活门应该弹簧加载到 C
簧加载到开位还是关位。
开位还是关位。

对现有分析进行复核，对部件 对于安全裕度较低的部件和区域进行标
和区域进行标识，以显示出较 A
低安全裕度。 识并进行了现场分析审查。

公司应利用现有数据判断该部 已用所得数据来确定是否应将该部件纳
C c
件是否与CAP相关联。 入CAP。

每一项飞机性能都包含对重要 “飞机性能”中的每一条目均应对数据
A
条件和数据的说明。 及其重要条件之间的关联性进行说明。

性能呈现和相关参数的格式以 性能陈述方式、相关的统计数据和规定
及规则应遵循本规范中的示例 应作为实例纳入本规范中。 B b
。

以巡航功率飞行45分钟后计算 航班所需的储备燃油量应为巡航功率下
C c
航班的储备油量。 45分钟所使用的燃油量。
上部卡箍安装的位置应该与拆 经同意后，对应拆卸时所作的标记将上
A a
卸标记保持一致。 部曲柄安装在位。

用真空清洁器和刷子清洁设备 真空清洁设备及硬件设施的表面涂层。 B b
的外表面以及安装架。

如果发现金属碎屑，从即日起 如果发现琥珀色指示参数，针对发现的
在30天内完成整个修理程序（ 数据在30天内重复所有程序（机轮离地 A
机轮承重）。 ）。

If the wheel temperature

The core of the filter element
increases to more than 177
melts once the wheel temperature
deg., the core of the is above 177 deg., causing the B
fusible plug melts and the
tire to deflate.
tire deflates.

When using composite in You can not use sealant in

confined space, make sure enclosed space on condition that A
it has good ventilation. there is no good ventilation.

Make sure probe heater

switches on the overhead
panel in flight deck are in
AUTO position and all the
heater lights illuminate.
Set probe heater switches on the
overhead panel in cockpit in AUTO
position so that all the heater B
lights come into view.

The holes on the bottom of If contamination causes a blockage

the display unit should be
cleaned once over 50% of
them are clogged due to
contamination.
of more than 50 percent of the
holes, then clean the holes on the C
rear of the display units.

When you turn the drain Make sure there is no fluid

valve counterclockwise, no flowing after the valve is pushed, B b
fluid will flow until you then turn the drain valve
push the valve in. clockwise.

Surface blooming, often

found on corroded items, Items in storage tend to have
has little adverse effect surface blooming which is A a
on the component when it is beneficial to the component.
mild.

When you find the filters If the filters get clogged at an

blocked in a very short
time, ask the vendor to
inspect them for any
contamination.
unusually early stage, send them
C
to the laboratory to analyze the
contamination.

Without the rigging pin,
the elevators will go down
when there is no pressure
in the system.
The rigging pin can prevent the
elevators from retracting and
B
expanding when the system is de-
energized.

If the upper drag strut is The removal of the upper drag

installed improperly, the strut has to be done properly so
B b
lower one will be hit that the lower one can fully
during retraction. extend.
Data and parameters are
generated by three
computers in the system and
are displayed on the
display unit through the
data link.
After analyzing the data and
parameters from the system, three
A
computers send the final result to
the data link for display.

应使用气动布局图对飞机总体
应在单页上以横向顺序的呈现方式对飞
安排进行说明，说明内容包括
机总体布局和示意图进行说明，包括平 A
计划、侧面图和正面图，并以
垂直顺序在单页上列出。 面图、侧视图和正面视图。

为使辨别时产生的误差最小化
建议采用该方法，以最大程度地减少分
，推荐使用该方法，同时对所 配出错，同时使所有者获知系统和设备
C
有者说明系统和设备的使用方
的可用性。
式。

应在书页外侧以垂直黑线标记 对于经过修订和增删的文字，沿书页外
修订、增加和删除之处，仅对 侧用粗黑直线加以标识，并仅打印修改 B
应于印刷件中已更改的内容。 内容部分。

这些ALIs 是指令性的，未经 这些ALIs 是非常必要的，任何更改或

FAA办公室批准不得更改或删除 删除必须获得FAA办公室批准，或者其 A a
。FAA办公室负责飞机型号证书 他可以颁发飞机型号证书的监管机构的
，或发布适用的管理规章。 批准。

If the rod end bearing wear

is greater than 0.010 inch
in radial play, reject it
within next 10 flight
cycles or 25 flight hours
whichever comes first.
Destroy the rod end bearing during
10 flight cycles or 25 flight
hours when its wear is more than B b
0.010 inch of its radius,
whichever comes first.

Either the logbook or

center DU/CDU shall be
checked for faults records
and related fault
information, then review
the faults reported by the
flight crew and take
actions.
Consult the failures report from
the logbook to find the related
information on center DU or CDU,
A a
listen to the crew for faults
report. Report faults and handle
them.

Make sure the ATC Make sure that the ATC

transmitters are in standby transponders are in standby mode
mode, or false TCAS targets when you simulate altitude. You C c
may occur accidentally due can accidentally cause false TCAS
to altitude simulation. targets.
It is the manufacturer's
option to place Time
Limits/Inspections and
Maintenance Checks in a
separate manual on
condition that they are
also included in the
Maintenance Manual.
Time Limits/Inspections and
Maintenance Checks can be included
in he Maintenance manual provided
B b
they have already been placed in a
separate manual by the
manufacturer.

Without the data supplied

by the component
manufacturer, it is
possible for the most
qualified shop to overhaul
any components included in
this chapter.
You must overhaul any or all
components in this chapter in an
eligible shop on the basis of data C
provided by the component
manufacturer.

Manufacturers shall prepare According to the manufacturer'

all text both in one and explanations, all text shall be
two columns separately; prepared in one or two columns; A
however, two columns are however, two columns have better
better for reading. visual effect.

调整后的精度可能会改变。 调节的程序可以改变。 A

用保险丝穿过控制杆拨叉将夹
用保险丝将夹块和控制杆固定在一起。 B
块固定。

纯金属表面通常适用于电气连 金属搭接面通常具有良好的电气连接效
A a
接。 果。

经过再次强化的板材使搭接凸缘承力更
加强板使搭接接头更坚固。 强。 B b

压力管路往不同方向分开。 压力管路的排布方向各有不同。 B

校准热电偶温度计至华氏刻度 将温度计校准到摄氏刻度。
C
。

用密封剂填充补片的缝隙，并 在附近的密封结构和补片之间留出空隙
A
粘接相邻结构。 。

以圆周运动方式擦拭窗户。 呈垂直方向给窗户镀膜。 B

依次转动调节器的5个旋钮。 逆时针转动调节器5个单位。 C

在高度浓缩后，这种材料会有 这种材料在高温下会易燃。
A a
毒。
首先尝试安装带有最短螺纹的 首先尝试在最窄的区域内安装接头。
芯轴。 A

在接触封严的零件表面涂抹矿 在零件与封严相连接的地方涂抹液压油
B
物液压油。 。

不要过度拉伸已安装的必要封 在安装封严件时不要过度拉伸。
C
严。
PI显示的是复制数据所需要的 PI上显示剩余时间以便完成数据的复制
A
时间。 。
不要使用含氯的溶剂清洁带有
不可以使用含氯的瑞尔森（Rilsan）溶
瑞尔森（Rilsan）涂层的零件 B b
液清洁带有涂层的零件。
。

如果因腐蚀而不能拆卸螺栓， 出现腐蚀时不可以拆卸螺栓，需要先涂
A b
则涂抹渗透润滑油。 抹防蚀剂。

对铁质金属区域进行必要保护
对有色金属区域涂抹临时保护涂层。 A a
。

如果使用工具时需用封圈辅助 如果需要使用填充剂粘接工具，用冷水
A
，用冷水先清洗工具。 浸泡工具。

挑选适用的调整片以确保厚度 从可用的垫片中进行选择，以获得正确
C
合适。 的厚度。

表1给出了可以使用的替代粘合
你只能使用表1中列出的等效粘合剂。 B
剂。

外侧半径必须与内侧半径等比 外径必须与内径同心。
C c
例。

检查角落位置是否出现开口裂 在拐角处开始检查开口是否有裂纹。
A
纹。

用合适的颜色识别组件。 对配件进行颜色编码。 B

如果损伤是胎间见线，轮胎需 如果损伤只局限于胎面中部，轮胎是可 C
要更换。 用的。

在没有保护的情况下，这种材 这种材料会腐蚀未受保护的表面。
料的表面会出现腐蚀。 C c

为减缓损耗，降低复合材料承 减少施加的热量会导致制作工序减慢。
A
受的热量。

拆下所有的插钉和设备使操纵 拆下所有的开口销，并移走防止操纵舵 A
舵面自由移动。 面自由移动的设备。

在电缆的尺寸符合要求后，才 拧紧搭扣才能使钢索具有正确的拉力。
A
能停止拧紧卡箍。

拆卸之前，确保释放减震器里 分解之前，确保减震器里的所有氮气压
C c
的初始压力。 力已释放。

建议在结冰条件下保持空中交 应提供在结冰条件下ATC保持运行长达
A
通管制运行45分钟。 45分钟的建议。

包含飞机持续适航程序的主要
包含飞机持续适航程序的主要文件是《
文件是《飞机的维护手册》。 飞机维护手册》。根据本规范编制的
按照本规范编写的CAP文件是对 C
CAP文件是补充性文件，应与《飞机维
该手册的补充，也是为了与该
护手册》结合使用。
手册一起使用。
《持续适航维修大纲（（CAP）
《持续适航维修大纲（（CAP）》可用
》适用于根据相应《联邦航空
于所有类型的通用航空飞机和根据适用 B A
规章》审定合格的所有类型的 的《联邦航空条例》认证的部件。
通用航空飞机和部件。

一些飞机，尤其是相对简单的
一些飞机，特别是相对简单的飞机，可
飞机，可能无需编制 CAP，因
为保持其使用寿命内的持续适 能不需要CAP，因为在《飞机维护手册
》中已经包含了足够的信息来维持其在 C
航信息已全部包含在相应的《
整个使用期内的持续适航性。在这种情
飞机维护手册》中。此情况下
，无需编制 CAP。 况下，不需要公布CAP。

《飞机维护手册》（或《持续 CAP是对《飞机维护手册》（或持续适
适航文件》）是针对飞机持续
适航的主要文件，而CAP属于补 航文件》）的补充，是包含飞机持续适 B
航程序的主要文件。
充性文件。

包含飞机持续适航维修程序的
主要文件是《飞机的维护手册 包含飞机持续适航维修程序的主要文件
是《飞机的维护手册》（《持续适航文
》（《持续适航文件（ICA）》 件（ICA）》)。根据本规范编制的文件 A
)。按照本规范编写的文件是对
补充了该维护手册，并设计用于该维护
该维修手册的补充，也是为了 手册。
与该维修手册一起使用。

“前言”可包含以下信息：
“前言”可包含以下信息：（l）建立
（l） 建立CAP计划的原因，以 CAP计划的原因以及遵守特定CAP应防止
及遵守特定CAP所要防止的基本 A
问题；（2） CAP与飞机正常检 的潜在问题；（2） CAP与飞机正常检
查程序的关系。
查计划的关系。

除了适用的飞机型号或部件外 除适用的飞机型号或部件外，“适用范
，“适用性”声明还可能包含
特殊信息，如不适用或增加的 围”部分还可以以“注”的形式给出特
B a
殊信息，如除外或增补信息等。
内容，以注释的形式出现。
制造商可制定程序，供运营人 制造商可以建立程序，以提供（遵守
和维修机构反馈在使用CAP时发 CAP的运营商和维修机构）在遵守时发
C
现的不适航情况，无论相关部 现的不适航情况（无论CAP是否涵盖）
件是否包含在CAP中。 的反馈。

在《持续适航维修大纲》检查
编号的两位数字中，第一位数 在《持续适航维修大纲》检查文件编号
中代表节号的两位数字里，第一位数字
字由GAMA 2号规范编号系统决 A
应遵守GAMA 2号规范的编号体系，第二
定，第二位数字由制造商按顺
序决定。 位数字由制造商按相应的顺序确定。

“检查合规性”给出了关于“
何时”需要检查的说明，是否 “检查合规性”用于描述某检查需要实
属于重复性检查。同时说明是 施的时间以及是否属于重复性检查，并
否需要根据初始检查结果进行 说明是否需要基于初始检查结果进行额 B B
额外的重复检查。 外的重复检查。

“重大的检查项目”用于描述 “重大的检查状况”用于描述裂纹检查
裂纹检查时可检测到的最小裂
纹尺寸以及其他检查项，如磨 中预期发现的最小尺寸。对于其他检查 C b
损极限、腐蚀坑深度等。 条件，指定磨损极限和腐蚀坑深度等

“修理/改装”用于描述修理或
“修理/改装”用于描述维修或改装说
改装指令，也可指向其他文件 明，可能指另一份文件中的标准维修或
中的标准修理或其他文件（如 其他地方定义的特殊维修或改装，如维 A
服务包或服务通告等）中界定
修包、维修公告等。
的特殊修理或改装。

《持续适航大纲检查文件》是
《持续适航大纲检查文件》是检查数据
一种检查数据，与运营人现有
，当与运营人现有的维护计划相结合时
的维修计划相结合时，将有助 B
，将有助于保持ABC 公司XXX系列飞机
于保持ABC 公司XXX系列飞机的
结构完整性和持续适航性。 的结构完整性和持续适航。
除了了解FAA咨询通告AC 91-60
和AC 91-56之外，熟悉GAMA规 除了解FAA咨询通告AC 91-60和AC 91-
范第2号《制造商维护数据》和 56外，熟悉GAMA规范2号、《制造商维
A
ATA第100号《制造商技术数据 护数据》和ATA100号、《制造商技术数
规范》，将有助于运营人特定 据》将有助于为特定飞机编制CAP。
飞机准备CAP。

为大修而拆解的高使用期飞机
对为大修而拆卸的高级飞机进行检查，
被检查，以帮助选择检查项目
以协助选择检查项目。其他高级飞机的
。其他高使用期飞机的特殊持 特殊持续适航程序检查结果补充了这些 B
续适航计划检查结果是对这些
检查。
检查的补充。

在选择检查时间的理由中没有
考虑到腐蚀的影响，也没有考 在确定检查应实施的时间或考虑疲劳应
虑到对疲劳应力的影响。确定 力影响方面，并未考虑腐蚀的影响。尽
腐蚀的影响是非常困难的，但 管确定腐蚀的影响比较困难，但可基于 A a
是，随着CAP检查报告的收到， 所收到的CAP检查报告中发现的任何严
检查时间将针对任何严重的问 重问题对检查时间做出相应的调整。
题进行调整。

对适用于该设计的试验结果进
对适用于该设计的测试结果进行了审查
行了审查。对荷载条件以及由
此产生的安全裕度进行了评估 。对加载条件和由此产生的安全系数进 A a
。所得数据用于确定是否应考 行了评估。所得到的数据被用来确定是
否应该考虑将该部件纳入CAP。
虑将该成分纳入CAP。

“检查程序”用于规定要使用
“检查程序”用于规定要使用的检查程
的检查程序，如磁粉检查、目 序，如磁粉检查、目视检查等，并可寻
视检查等，也可指向其他文件 C b
找另一个文件的实际程序，如无损检测
（如《无损检测手册》）中包 手册。
含的程序。

说明在更改飞机的重量或力矩 说明当飞机重量或力矩发生改变时如何
时如何保持此记录，以便在飞 进行记录，以便在飞机正常运行期间能
B
机正常运行期间可以使用重量 够为计算重量和平衡提供准确的起始数
和平衡来准确计算起始数据。 据。
本段描述了为计划飞行的各个
本段描述了为计划飞行的各个阶段计算
阶段计算重量和力矩的程序，
重量和配平的程序以及确保重力的中心 B
以此确保重心处于经批准的范 点在批准范围内的程序。
围内。

应提供重量和平衡载荷表以及 应提供重量和平衡载荷表以及计算步骤
A b
说明计算程序。 说明。

除重量平衡装载表外，制造商 制造商可提供用于计算配重和配平的装
还可提供重量平衡的计算设备 置，来补充配重和配平装载表，并提供 A
，并提供使用说明。 使用说明。

制造商应提供一份相关设备清
单，可以包含在本节中，也可 制造商应在本节中提供一份设备清单，
以作为《飞行员操作手册》的 并把《飞行员操作手册》作为单独附件
B a
附录，也可以作为单独的文件 或单独文件。如果装备列表未包含在本
。设备清单未包含在本节中时 节中，说明其方向。
，应说明其位置。

交付时，应按照设备清单在具 设备清单应包含送达时在具体飞机上安
体飞机上安装所有必要或选装 装的所有要求或选装设备。 A
设备。

《飞行员操作手册》本节应以
《飞行员操作手册》本节应以制造商认
制造商认为对最有可能操作飞
机的飞行员以最有帮助的方式 为对最有可能操作飞机的飞行员最有帮 C
来描述飞机。手册应遵循本节 助的方式来描述飞机。手册不得遵循本
节中的段落顺序和详细信息。
中的段落顺序和详细信息。

通常，在描述飞机或其系统时 通常，在描述飞机或其系统时，应使用
，应使用第一人称。例如：前
第三人称。例如：后轮配备有摆振阻尼
轮配备有摆振阻尼器（减摆器 A
器（减摆器），以防止在地面上滑行时
），以防止在地面上滑行时前
后轮振颤。
轮振颤。

描述飞机仪表面板时，应明确
面板上各个仪表、灯、开关和 描述飞机仪表面板时，应命名并说明台
控制按钮的名称，并描述各自 板上的仪器、灯光、电门和控件的使用 A a
。
操作方法。
描述飞机仪表板时，如安装， 描述飞机仪表板时，如果安装了通告台
应描述警告面板的运行方式。 板，应说明其操作方式。 A b

描述飞行仪器系统时，应简要 描述飞机飞行仪表系统时，应对任何新
描述并说明任何新型飞行仪器 型飞行仪表进行简要描述并解释其工作 C c
的工作原理。 原理。

描述飞机飞行仪表系统时，应 描述飞机飞行仪表系统时，应说明检查
说明如何检查其是否正常运行 其正常运行的方式以及识别障碍的方式 B b
以及如何识别故障。 。

描述地面操作时，应描述飞行
员如何机械地操作前轮或后轮 描述地面操纵时，应描述飞行员如何机 A
械操纵鼻轮或后轮。
。

描述飞机机翼襟翼、俯冲减速
板或扰流板系统时，应说明其 描述飞机机翼襟翼、俯冲制动或阻力板 B b
操作方式。 系统时，应说明其操纵方式。

描述飞机机翼翼尖、俯冲制动
或扰流板系统时，应描述其应 描述飞机机翼襟翼、俯冲减速板或扰流
用如何影响俯仰姿态、表速、 板系统时，应描述各自工作时如何影响 A
俯仰姿势、空速、配平和失速速度。
配平和失速速度。

在描述飞机行李舱时，应提供 在描述飞机行李舱时，警告不要将儿童
警告不要将儿童置于行李舱内 放在行李架上。 B
。

在描述飞机行李舱时，警告不 在描述飞机行李舱时，警告不要从飞机
要在飞机上任何地方携带爆炸 上任何地方带走危险品。 A
物。

描述飞机座椅、座椅绑带和肩 描述飞机座椅、座椅安全带和肩带时，
C
带时，应描述如何调节座椅。 应描述如何调节座椅。

描述飞机舱门、窗和出口时，
描述飞机舱门、窗和出口时，应阐述在
应阐述在飞行中意外掉落的门
飞行中意外打开的门或窗如何关闭，以
或窗如何关闭，以及对飞行中 及对飞行中可能存在的无意打开的任何 A a
可能存在的故意打开的任何限
限制。
制。
描述飞机舱门、窗和出口时，
描述飞机舱门、窗和出口时，应准确指
应给出使用救援通道的准确说 A
明。 导使用应急门。

描述飞机阵风锁时，应描述如 描述飞机舵面锁时，应说明如何参与舵
A
何使用阵风锁或锁住操纵面。 面锁和操纵装置的固定。

描述飞机发动机时，提供如下
描述飞机发动机时，提供如下必要信息
必要信息：
1.制造商和型号 ：
1.制造商和型号
2.发动机类型、气瓶数、压气
2.发动机类型、气缸数、压气机类型等
机类型等
3.额定功率
3.功率评定 4.额定发动机速度 A a
4.发动机转速等级
5.减速齿轮，如适用
5.齿轮减速，如适用
6.附件正常安装 6.附件的正常安装
7.增压/涡轮增压或其他增强 7.增压/涡轮增压或其他增强
8.限制、警告、提示。 8.限制、警告、提示。

描述飞机发动机时，应描述的 描述飞机发动机时，应描述的发动机控
发动机控制器包括： 制包括：
1.油门杆或功率控制杆 1.油门或电源控制
2.螺旋桨控制 2.螺旋桨控制
B b
3.油气混合比控制 3.油气混合比控制
4.冷却控制器 4.冷却控制
5.涡轮增压器控制器 5.涡轮增压器控制
6.摩擦止动装置 6.摩擦止动装置

描述飞机发动机时，应描述发 描述飞机发动机时，应描述一下发动机
动机仪表有关：
仪表：
1.操作方法 B
2.读数限制和典型值（如适用 1.操作方法
2.限制读数以及典型值（如适用）。
）。

描述飞机发动机时，应说明新
发动机和损坏后发动机的正确 描述飞机发动机时，应说明全新发动机 C
和磨合期后发动机的正确操作和保养。
操作和保养。
描述飞机发动机时，应描述有 描述飞机发动机时，应描述吸气系统包
关进气系统的以下信息： 括：
1.气路 1.空气流动路径
2.防冰 2.防冰 C c
3.过滤器 3.过滤
4.增压/涡轮增压 4.增压/涡轮增压
5.限制、警告、提示 5.限制、警告、提示

描述飞机发动机时，应描述冷
描述飞机发动机时，应描述空调系统相
却（ 散热）系统相关的信息， 关的信息，包括通风罩板。 A a
包括通风外壳。

描述飞机发动机时，应简要描 描述飞机发动机时，应简要描述以下附
述以下附件的相关信息： 件的相关信息：
1.燃油泵 1.滑油泵
2.煤油泵 2.燃油泵
3.液压泵 3.液压泵
4.气泵 4.气泵 A
5.转速表 5.速度表
6.扭力计 6.扭力计
7.电源 7.电源
8.螺旋桨同步器 8.螺旋桨同步器
9.排气温度探头 9.排气温度探头

描述飞机发动机时，应描述任 描述飞机发动机时，应描述任何独特的
何独特的发动机整流装置的相 发动机安装座的相关信息，包括震动座 C
关信息，包括减震装置。 。

描述飞机发动机时，如果安装
有发动机火警探测或灭火系统 描述飞机发动机时，如果有发动机火情
，应予以描述、解释其工作原 探测或熄灭系统，请描述其工作原理，
B
并说明如何使用。
理，并说明如何使用。

描述飞机发动机时，应描述发 描述飞机发动机时，应描述发动机中的 A
动机中的任何机械减速系统。 任何齿轮降低系统。

描述飞机发动机时，应简要阐 描述飞机发动机时，应对非正常运行情
述非正常运行。应在最低限度 况进行简要描述。应以帮助飞行员纠正
帮助飞行员改正情况或使他能 非正常情况或使其能够向机械师描述非 A a
够向机械师描述情况。它不应 正常情况为宜。无须是具体的维修程序
是一个维修程序。 。
描述飞机螺旋桨时，如果桨叶
描述飞机螺旋桨时，如果桨叶迎角可变
间隔可变，应描述螺旋桨及其 A
操作。 ，应描述螺旋桨及其操作。

描述飞机螺旋桨时，如适用， 描述飞机螺旋桨时，如果合适，应讨论
应描述顺桨、解除顺桨和反桨 B
顺桨、不反桨和反推。
相关信息。

描述飞机螺旋桨时，可包括变 描述飞机螺旋桨时，可包括固定桨距螺
A
桨距螺旋桨的水平图。 旋桨的剖面图。

描述飞机燃油系统时，应提供 描述飞机燃油系统时，应说明交叉供油
交输供油和燃油传输（如适用 和燃油传递（如适用）。 B b
）相关描述。

描述飞机燃油系统时，应描述 描述飞机燃油系统时，应阐述燃油进气
燃油通气系统及其堵塞时的后 系统以及允许其堵塞的重要性。 B
果。

描述飞机燃油系统时，应解释
燃油计量系统并阐述检查和修 描述飞机燃油系统时，应说明燃油测量
系统并阐述监控和校正的必要性。 C
正的需要。

描述飞机液压系统时，应描述 描述飞机液压系统时，应描述主要的辅 A
主要系统和帮助系统。 助系统。

描述飞机刹车系统时，应描述 描述飞机刹车系统时，应阐述如何获得
如何使用最大刹车以及最大程 C b
最大制动并制动器的最大寿命。
度地延长刹车的使用寿命。

描述飞机刹车系统时，应说明
如何识别可能会发生的问题以 描述飞机刹车系统时，应说明如何识别 B c
及发生故障时应采取的措施。 即将发生的问题以及失灵时做什么。

描述飞机动力转向系统时，如
描述飞机功率转向系统时，如果安装前
安装前轮动力转向，应包括以 轮功率转向，应包括以下相关信息：
下相关信息：
（a）应描述系统。 B b
（a）系统描述 （b）应说明如何使用。
（b）如何使用
（c）应阐述限制。
（c）相关限制。
描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述 描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述容量和载
电源的容量和卸载。 荷去除。 B

描述飞机电源系统时，应提供 描述飞机电源系统时，应说明回路保护
B b
线路保护的描述。 。

描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述
描述飞机电源系统时，应阐述地面电源
使用地面动力单元和电瓶充电 C
。 组件和电瓶充电器的使用。

描述飞机电源系统时，应解释 描述飞机电源系统时，应提供相关限制
相关束缚、警示和操作提示。 、警告和操作警示。 A a

描述飞机加热、通风、除霜和
空调系统时，应说明如何使用 描述飞机加热、通风、除霜和空调系统
所提供的控制装置使这些系统 时，应说明如何获得最大收益以便使用
B b
所提供的控制装置。
能够获得最大效益。

在飞机座舱增压系统部分，说 在飞机座舱增压系统部分，说明该系统
明该系统如何与加热、通风、 如何与加热、通风、除霜和空调系统成
A a
除霜和空调系统同时使用。 为一体。

在飞机座舱增压系统部分，应 在飞机座舱增压系统部分，说明识别问
说明识别可能问题和处理障碍 题和处理紧急情况的方法。 A
的方法。

描述飞机皮托管压力系统时， 描述飞机皮托管压力系统时，应描述防
C c
应说明除冰规定（如安装）。 冰措施（如安装）。

描述飞机静力系统时，应阐述 描述飞机静压系统时，应阐述加热和排
加热和通气系统以及开窗对备 气系统以及开窗对替代静压系统的影响 A
用静力系统的影响。 。

描述飞机真空或气源系统时， 描述飞机真空或气源系统时，应说明监
A
应说明验收系统的方法。 测系统的方法。
描述飞机失速警告系统或迎角
描述飞机失速报警系统或迎角系统时，
系统时，手册应：
手册应：
（a）如果安装了其中任何一个 （a）如果安装了其中任何一个，说明
，说明其是否为必需设备。
是否为必需设备。
（b）说明其操作原理。 C b
（b）说明操作原理。
（c）说明该系统的检查和使用 （c）说明体系性检查和使用方法。
方法。
（d）阐述如何识别故障以及何时不依
（d）阐述如何识别故障以及何
靠该系统。
时不依靠该系统。

本节应以适当的警告或注意形
本节应包含适当的警告或注意事项，按
式，提醒运营人确保遵守所有
适航指令，确保按照《联邦航 照《联邦航空条例》，告知相关人员有 A
空规章》对飞机进行勤务、养 责任遵守所有审批指令，确保必要时飞
机的操纵、服务和修理可进行。
护和维修。

飞机检查周期：本段应包含有
关飞机（及其部件）检查周期 飞机检视周期：本段应包含有关飞机（
及其部件）检视周期的信息。信息应涵
的信息。信息应涵盖FAA要求的 盖FAA要求的检视（如年度检视，在某
检查（如年度检查，在某些情 A b
些情况下还包括100小时检视）和制造
况下还包括100小时检查）和制 商推荐的检视（如每天、25小时、50小
造商推荐的检查（如每日、25 时等)。
小时、50小时等)。

本段可涵盖飞机系统以及时寿 本段可覆盖飞机系统以及有寿命极限的
件的特殊检查间隔，或可指向 零件的特殊检查区间，或通过参考此类 B
其他节或其他文件中包含的此 检查区间的另一节或其他文件内容。
类检查间隔。

本段还应说明，适航命令可能 本段还应说明，除已建立的监视外，适
要求除已建立的监测外，还要 A
航指令可能要求进行其他监视。
求进行其他监测。
本节应提及，针对有资格实施
必要检查和制造商所推荐检查 本节须提供参考《联邦航空法规》
（FAR 43部和91部或其他适用的法规）
的人员，应参考《联邦航空法 A a
有关谁可以执行要求的监测和制造商推
规》（FAR 43部和91部或其他
适用的法规）。 荐的监测。

当构成某组件的各零件的重量
或相对于重心的力臂并不显著 如果重量或力臂的变化不显著，则所有 C a
时，可在清单中将所有零件作 安装的部件可组合成一个设备清单项。
为一个设备项列出。

在飞机上进行任何改装之前应 指出在飞机上进行任何变更之前应联系
联系FAA，以确保不会对飞机适 B
FAA，以确保满足飞机的适航性。
航状态造成影响。

包含有关使用正确的燃油和滑 包含有关飞机使用正确的燃油和滑油服
A a
油服务飞机的信息。 务的信息。

本节应包括相应的告诫，提醒 本节应提供关于使用未经授权的洗涤剂
使用未经授权的清洁剂以及使
用授权清洁剂的可能危害的注 以及使用授权洗涤剂的可能危害的注意
事项。
B
意事项。

描述飞机燃油系统时，应阐述 描述飞机燃油系统时，应阐述无用油。
最后储备相关信息。 A

每个“补充程序” 通常只包括
一个单独的系统、装置或部分 “补充程序” 通常仅针对单个系统、
装置或设备，如自动驾驶仪、电动配平 C
设备，如自动驾驶仪、电动调 、或区域导航系统。
节装置或区域导航系统。

“补充程序”的极限章节应明 防霜或除霜系统对在已知结冰条件下操
确规定，在已知结冰条件下运 作飞机的批准的影响应在“补充程序”
行必须确保防冰或除冰系统正 A
的限制章节中明确规定。
常工作。

在有座舱增压的飞机上，座舱
空气的分配是由一系列管路实 在有液压的飞机上，座舱空气的分配是
现的，管路连接到增压空气源 由一系列管路实现的，管路连接到增压
B b
遍及整个座舱。空气被引导到 空气源遍及整个座舱。空气被引导到飞
飞机顶板的通风口并从那里释 机顶板的通风口并从那里释放出来.
放出来.

很多液压油的回油滤都内置旁 很多滑油的回油滤都内置旁通活门。当
通活门。当滤芯堵住时旁通活 滤芯故障时旁通活门打开，使得滑油从
A a
门打开，使得油液从旁路流过
。 旁路流过。
在757上外电源由BPCU检查后再 在757上外电源由BPCU检查后再接入电
接入电网。如果外电源检查正 网。如果外电源检查正常，接触器闭合 C c
常，接触器关闭。 。

由于尺寸、设计或材料的变化
，需要对图纸进行修改。当图 由于尺寸、设计或材料的变化，需要对
纸上有这样的修改时，要注意 图纸进行修改。当图纸上有这样的修改
B
用字母或编号标出这些修改， 时，要注意对字母和数字进行的修改，
并在修改栏里对照符号列出这 并在修改栏的符号上列出这些修改。
些修改。

在《线路图手册》中，引言部
在《线路图手册》中，引言部分应包括
分应包括以主题的首字母顺序
每个主题下的字母索引，以帮助查找所
编写的索引，以帮助查找所需 B b
需电路。该索引应显示章节和子章节中
电路。该索引应显示系统电路
所在的章节和子章节。 的系统。

电线代码由电路功能代码、电
线编号、电线段字母和电线尺 电线代码由电路功能代码、电线编号、
寸组成。通常会添加后缀，表 电线段字母和电线尺寸组成。通常会添
A a
示接地（N）、阶段（A、B等） 加后缀，表示地线（N）、相位（A、B
或热敏电门材料（铝镁合金等 等）或热敏电门材料（铝镁合金等）。
）。

V是一个用来表示相位的字母，
V是一个用来表示相序的字母，在单向
在单相系统的导线识别码中表 系统的导线识别码中表示非接地导线。 B
示非接地导线。

在航空器维修中，勤务指的是
由于执行其他维护措施而需要 在航空器维修中，勤务指的是由于执行
进行的组件维护。包括给减震 其他维护措施而需要进行的组件维护。
B
支柱充气或添加油液、为控制 包括给减震支柱充气或添加油液、润滑
系统润滑、稳定便携式水系统 控制系统、稳定饮用水系统等。
等。

在查询维修手册时，制造商可 在查询维修手册时，使用人你可以跳过
以删去不适用其产品的系统/章 不适用其产品的系统/章，或者在可行
A
，或者在可行的情况下把几个 的情况下把几个系统或章合并起来。
系统或章合并起来。
有两种可用的编号方法。对于 有两种可用的编号方法。对于拥有复杂
拥有一系列复杂系统的飞机，
系统矩阵的飞机，建议使用完整的“系
建议使用完整的“系统/章节”
统/章节”索引方法。对于小飞机或相 B
索引方法。对于小飞机或相对 对不复杂的飞机，可在编写索引号时用
不复杂的飞机，可在编写索引
缩写的方式。
号时用缩写的方式。

当表示章/系统的数字后面是
当表示章/系统的数字后面是0，即表示
0，即表示节/子系统和维修项
章/子系统或维修项目/组件的数字是 B
目/组件的数字是0，这部分就 0，这部分就是适用于整个系统的。
是适用于整个系统的。

”适航性”部分必须规定与型 “适航性“部分必须规定每个强制性更
号合格证取证要求的每个强制
性更换时间、结构检查间隔以 换时间、结构检查间隔以及与取型号合
A b
及结构检查程序。 格证有关的相关结构检查程序。

适航性限制也可能部分地出现
在飞行员操作手册的“限制"中 适航性限制也可能出现在飞行员操作手
，或者作为“限制"中的参考资 册的“限制"中，或者作为“限制"中的
A a
料。 一个基准。

“时间限制和检查计划”这个
标题讲的是制造商推荐的针对 “时间限制和检查计划”这个标题讲的
飞机、其系统和组件检查、维 是制造商推荐的针对飞机、其系统和组
护和大修的时间限制，以及零 件检查、维护和修理的时间限制，以及 A
部件的库存寿命问题（如适用 零部件的使用寿命问题（如适用）。
）。

系留操作中的警戒之一是：所
系留操作中的警戒之一是：所有的滑行
有的滑行和拖动操作的最后几
和拖动操作的最后几英尺必须走直线。
英尺必须用一条直线。这是为 A
这是为了防止对机轮和主起落架施加力
了防止对轮胎和主起落架施加 量。
力量。

将飞机放置在带有系留点的平 将飞机放置在带有系留点的平坦地面上
坦地面上，使其在适当位置， ，使其在适当位置，并确保飞机在风中
B b
并确保飞机停放时朝向风向， 停放且前起落架机轮在飞机轴线上。
前起落架机轮在飞机轴线上。
“没有台阶”区域或不可通往
翼、身油箱的路线必须表记出 “禁止踩踏”区域或不可通往翼、身油
来并加以必要的警示信息。在 箱的路线必须表记出来并加以必要的警
有些飞机上，用黑色点带标示 示信息。在有些飞机上，用黑色点带标
A
出“没有台阶”区域。英文或 示出“禁止踩踏”区域。英文或双语标
双语标记的位置使得从前面或 记的位置使得从前面或后面靠近飞机时
后面靠近飞机时都可以读到这 都可以读到这些标记。
些标记。

一条有关加油的安全须知是加
油车必须在导航灯关闭后才能 加油的安全须知之一是在防撞灯关闭前 C
不要让加油车靠近飞机。
接近飞机。

21章可参考随飞机提供的供应 21章可以指随飞机提供的供应商数据，
商数据，来填充以下 -00 至 按照从-00 至 70 节的顺序（如适用） B
70 节（如适用）。 。

在空调系统的压力控制部分， 在空调系统的压力控制部分，压力与流
压力与流量成正比，被传递到 量成正比，被放大器感应到，放大器将 A a
转换器，转换器将其转换为电
压。 其转换为电压。

“湿度和污染控制”用于控制 “湿度和污染控制”用于控制空气中的
空气中的水分，目的是控制臭
氧浓度，过滤空调空气中的放 水分，目的是防止臭氧集中，过滤空调 A a
空气中的放射性碎片。并用除臭剂、杀
射性碎片。并用除臭剂、杀虫 虫剂等（如适用）处理空气。
剂等（如适用）处理空气。

第22章讲的是提供自动控制飞
机飞行手段的组件和部件。包 第22章讲的是提供自动控制飞机飞行手
括控制方向、航迹、高度、姿 段的组件和部件。包括控制方向、航迹 A
、姿态、高度和速度的组件和部件。
态和速度的组件和部件。

本章中任何或所有零部件的大 本章中任何或所有零部件的大修都必须
修都必须在有资质的部件修理 在有资质的维修单位按照飞机制造商提
B b
车间按照零部件制造商提供的
供的数据进行。
数据进行。

自动驾驶仪使用无线电波、垂 自动驾驶仪使用无线电波、垂直加速度
直加速度计、皮托静压系统以 计、皮托管以及手动输入来自动控制飞
A
及手动输入来自动控制飞机的 机的偏航、俯仰和滚转。
偏航、俯仰和滚转。
自动油门自动控制节流阀的位
置，以在着陆/进近和绕行过程 自动油门自动控制节流阀的位置，以在
着陆/进近和绕行过程中将发动机功率
中将发动机功率与襟翼位置和 A
与襟缝翼位置和飞机俯仰姿态适当地结
飞机俯仰姿态适当地结合在一
起。 合在一起。

自动油门里有起连接、感知、
自动油门里有起接通、感知、计算、信
计算、信号放大、控制、作动
号放大、控制、作动和警告作用的设备
和警告作用的设备，例如放大 C
器、计算机、伺服器、限位开 ，例如放大器、计算机、伺服器、限位
开关、离合器、齿轮箱、警告灯等。
关、轴、齿轮箱、警告灯等。

飞机通信系统的组件和部件提
飞机通信系统的组件和部件提供一种方
供一种方式使得通信可以发生
在飞机不同区域之间、飞机与 式使得通信可以发生在飞机一个区域与 B b
另一个飞机之间、飞机与飞机之间、地
飞机之间、飞机与地面台之间
面台与地面台之间。
。

“数据传输”或“自动呼叫” 在“数据传输”或“自动呼叫”系统中
系统，如选择呼叫，用脉冲被 ，如选择呼叫，信息的传递是通过用脉 A
编码的传输来呈现信息. 冲被编码实现的。

厨房指的是存放和准备食物和
饮料的区域。包括可拆卸和固 厨房指的是存放和准备食物和饮料的区
定的橱柜、烤箱、冰箱、垃圾 域。厨房内可拆卸和固定的橱柜、烤箱 A a
箱、碗架、咖啡机，并且这些 、冰箱、垃圾箱、碗架、咖啡机也是制
设备是制造商指定的标准设备 造商指定的标准设备。
。

电子舱有隔热毯、消音层、维 电子舱有绝缘层、维修灯、由空气冷却
修灯、由空气冷却的电气电子 B b
的电气电子设备和相关组件的设备架。
设备和相关组件的设备架。

货舱里有地板和衬层。衬层使 货舱里有地板和衬层。衬层使烟雾留在
烟雾留在货舱，防止对衬层和 货舱，防止对管路和导线造成损坏。 C
导线造成损坏。

在起落架的使用、舵面锁、最 在起落架锁和舵面锁的使用、最小转弯
小转弯半径、对前起落架的最 半径、对前起落架的最大拖动载荷等方 C
大拖动载荷等方面的安全须知
面的安全须知和限制
和限制
“系留”这一节应该包括所需 “系留”部分应包括所需的设备和材料
的设备和器材，如轮挡、挡块
，如轮挡、挡块、缆绳等；还包括如加
，钢索等；还包括放置压舱物
重等程序；预防措施和限制，如在高风 A c
等程序；也包括例如在高风情 条件下控制等；以及检查阵风的损坏情
况的控制等预防措施和限制；
况。
以及对阵风损坏的检查。

电线代码由电路功能代码、电
线编号、电线段字母和电线尺 电线代码由电路功能代码、电线编号、
寸组成。通常会添加后缀，表 电线段字母和电线尺寸组成。通常会添
A a
示接地（N）、阶段（A、B等） 加后缀，表示地线（N）、相位（A、B
或热敏电门材料（铝镁合金等 等）或热敏电门材料（铝镁合金等）。
）。

制造商的维修记录应包括制造
制造商的维修文件中应包含如何制造厂
商厂的技术人员的联系方法， 的技术人员的指令，以便在修理和更换
以便了解在标准修理范围之外 受损部件方面和超出标准修理的部分提 A b
修理和更换受损部件方面的信 供帮助
息。

包含针对增压器/涡轮增压器失 建议包含了超级涡轮或涡轮充电器失效
B
效应急程序的建议 的紧急程序

襟翼放出最大速度指的是飞机 襟翼放出最大速度指襟翼在指定的放出
在襟翼位于收缩形态所允许的 位置时所允许的最大速度。 C
最大速度。

最佳爬升角速度是使飞机能够 最佳上升角速度是在尽可能短的距离内
B
在尽可能短的水平距离内高度 传送最大高度增益的空速。
增加最多的空速。

螺旋桨的旋转朝向相反方向， 螺旋桨的推力指向与飞行方向相反，产 A c
导致完全停车。 生制动作用。

“涡轮进口温度表”是一种温 “涡轮进口温度表”是一种测量发动机
度感知系统，可显示发动机进 C c
涡轮部分燃气温度的系统。
气口的气体温度。

“基准面”上有一架假设的垂 “基准面”是一个假想的垂直平面，所
直平面，出于平衡考虑，所有 有的横向距离都是从它开始测量的，以
C
的力矩距离都是从它开始测量 达到平衡的目的。
。

“力臂”是物体重心到参考面 “力矩”是物体中心到参考基准面的距
A a
的垂直距离。 离。
“站位”指沿飞机机身的位置, “站位”是飞机机翼上的一个位置，用
以到基准面的距离来表示。 与参考基准面的距离表示。 B

限制可选系统或设备的因素可
与选装系统或设备相关的限制因素可以
能包括在这部分或者第9部“附 C
包含在本节内或者第9节“附录”中。
录”中。

应描述空速限制及其操作意义 应描述各项空速限制和相应空速限制在 B
。 运行中的重要性。

除非在平稳的空气中谨慎操作
不要超过这个马赫数的速度，除非接受
，否则不得超过此速度或马赫 B
数。 警戒只在平稳的空气中操作。

仅针对以涡轮螺旋桨为动力的
飞机，应提供动力装置部件和 对涡轮增压的飞机，要提供其动力装置
B
发动机流体的标定温度和相应 部件和发动机液体的说明。
的高度限制。

应说明油箱容量和可用燃油量
，如果不可用燃油量超过FAR 燃油的总容量如果超出了FAR 23部的规
23部规章的限制，还应提供用 定，还应确定飞行中不可用燃油的数量 B c
于确定飞行中不可用燃油量的 。
相关信息。

需要一名以上飞行机组人员时 请按要求说明机组成员人数，以及每位
，应说明最小机组人数和每个 机组成员的职能。 B b
机组人员的职能说明。

应提供紧急下降程序。 紧急下降时提供应急程序。 B b

如果一个动作不能安全完成， 如果不能完成一个动作，要提供一个安
要有警告不要完成这个动作。 全警告。 A a

如有必要进行紧急机腹着陆， 如果有必要推迟紧急机腹着陆，能够在
应在尝试所有其他放下起落架
的方法都不成功并在已选择合 所有其他放下起落架的方法尝试不成功
B
，并选择合适的着陆区域之后再执行。
适的着陆区域后再执行。

如果一个段落包含分段落，那 如果一个段落包括若干子段落，那么本
么本规范中分段落的呈现指令
仅作为指导，不作为步骤遵循 规范中子段落表述的指令仅作为指引而
B
遵循。
。
每本手册紧接标题页之后，应 每本手册应有修订记录或有效页记录，
有修订登录或有效页，列出所 紧接在标题页之后，列出所有修订或有 C c
有修订部分或有效页。 效页。

包含“应急程序”的部分应有 包含“应急程序”的部分应使用一个红
B b
一个红色塑化标签分隔。 色金属的标签分隔。

控制副翼和副翼配平片位置和
控制方向舵和襟翼位置和移动的系统部
移动的系统部分，包括控制轮
分，包括控制轮、电缆、助推器、连杆 A
、电缆、助推器、连杆、控制 、控制面、指示器等相关元件。
面、指示器等相关元件。

控制升降舵/升降翼和调整片位 控制升降舵/升降副翼和配平片位置和
C
置和运动的系统部分。 移动的系统部分。

这一系统部分包括控制手柄、 这一系统部分包括控制柄、电缆、千斤
钢索、丝杠、电机、警告系统 顶、电动机、警告系统、连接装置、位
、连接装置、操纵面、位置指 置指示灯等。 B
示器等。

这些单件及组件提供了一种方 能够防止飞机不同地方形成积冰和积雨
法，能够阻止或祛除飞机各部 C
分的冰雨形成。 或消除相关影响的部件及组件。

因为涡轮类型动力组合使用气
体作为防止积冰的渠道，发动 因为涡轮动力装置将空气用来防止积冰 A
机防积冰设备被储存在空气系 ，发动机防冰包含在通风系统中。
统下。

系统利用这个部分来解除或阻 这个部分的系统用来排除或阻止冰在推
止叶轮上的冰形成。 进器上面形成。 A a

这些组件及部件为不相关系统 这些单位及组件给各个系统的不相关的
的状态提供听觉或视觉警告。 工作条件提供声音或视觉警告。 B b

这部分系统为飞机在地面上提 这部分系统为飞机在地面上提供主要支
供主要支持，包括控制装置、 持，包括旋转密封套、管道、防滑装置
A
管道、阻力支柱、门、连杆、 、门、连杆、连接栓等。
上下门闩等。
乘客座位所在区域以及自助
乘客座位所在区域以及自助餐/厨房、
餐/厨房、卫生间、休息室和更
盥洗室、休息室和衣帽间中的照明子系
衣室中的照明子系统。包括直 C c
接和间接照明、乘客阅读灯、 统。包括直接和间接照明、乘客呼叫系
统、照明标志等。
机舱圆顶灯等。

当飞机在地面上时支撑飞机机 当飞机在地面上时支撑飞机机头的那部
头的那部分系统。包括刹车、
浮子、门、轮胎、固定螺栓等 分系统。包括驱动机构、转向架饰件、 A
门、跳板、上下门闩等。
。

这些装置用于支撑在地面上的 这些装置用于支撑在地面上的飞机并防
飞机并防止飞机因接触地面而 止飞机因接触地面而造成损坏。它们包
A a
造成损坏。它们包括减震支柱
括减震支柱、防滑板、车轮等。
、防滑板、车轮等。

这些组件和部件用于储存、调 这些单位和组件储存、管制、并向乘客
节并向乘客和机组人员输送氧 和地面机组输送氧气。 B
气。

供氧系统包括氧气瓶、释放阀 供氧系统包括氧气瓶、开关阀、切断阀
、截止阀、排气口、监管者、 、紧急出口、调节器、面罩等。 A a
面罩等。

分布系统是指系统中用于向正 配电系统是指系统中用于将高压或低压
在运行中的系统分配高压或低 空气分配到有需求系统的那部分。 A a
压空气的那部分。

分配系统包括管道、阀门、作
动筒、热交换器、控制器等。 分布系统包括排风管道、阀门、制动弹
不包括输往用户系统的供应阀 簧、热交换器、控制器等项目。不包括
B
使用系统的供应阀。
。

分配子系统能够将低于大气压 分配子系统是用于将燃油和电力分配到
的空气分配到用户系统。 各使用系统的那部分部件。 B

洗涤子系统包括洗手池、马桶 水/废水子系统包括洗手池、卫生间组
组件、水箱、阀门等（如适用 件、水箱、阀门等（如适用）。 C c
）。

饮用水系统是系统中用于储存 饮用水系统是系统中用于输送新鲜饮用
和输送新鲜饮用水的那部分。 水和废水的那部分。 B

空气供应系统是某一个子系统 空气供应系统是多个子系统共用的部分
独用的部分，其作用是为供应 ，其作用是为供应罐减压以延缓流体流 A
罐加压以确保流体流动。 动。
电气/电子面板和多用途部件涵
电气/电子面板和多用途部件上的文字
盖了所有通用电气和电子部件 说明涵盖了所有通用电气和电子部件。 B
。

主要结构为舱门的登机梯应被
以门为主要结构的楼梯应在相应主题下
归入适当的主题中，包括结构
件、作动机构和控制器和扶手 讨论，包括结构件、驱动机制、控制、 B
扶手等问题。
等。

在机身内的固定分隔板上装置 安装在机身内固定隔板上的门。包括结
的门。包括结构件、锁紧机构 构件、抛锁机构、把手、内衬等组成部 B a
、手柄、内衬等物品。 分。

用于乘客和机组人员进出飞机 用于乘客和机组人员进出飞机的门，包
的门，包括结构件、闩锁机构 括结构件、门闩、把手、隔热材料、衬 C
、把手、内衬、综合步骤、坡
道、扶手等物品。 板、控制器、踏板、坡道、扶手等。

紧急出口是为方便疏散而设立
的出口门，不用于日常进出， 应急出口通常不用作常规出口，包含诸
包括结构件、闩锁机构、扶手 如结构件、门闩、把手、隔热材料、衬 B b
、绝缘材料、内衬、操纵装置 板、控制器等。
等物品。

主要用于进入货舱的内舱门， 主要用于进入货舱的外舱门，包括结构
包括结构件、闩锁机构、扶手 、闩锁机构、扶手、绝缘材料、内衬、 A c
、绝缘材料、内衬、操纵装置 控制装置等。
等。

勤务门指主要用于对飞机系统 勤务门即外舱门，主要用于为飞机系统
C
和设备实施勤务时的接近门。 和设备提供服务。

发射机、指示器可用于显示空 发动机指示系统用于显示温度、压力以
气系统的温度、压力、和控制 及空气系统的控制器位置，包括传感器 C c
位置等。 、指示器等部件。

发动机指示系统能显示发动机 发动机指示系统指显示发动机运行的组
的运行，由指示器、发射机、 件、部件和相关系统，包括指示器、传
C
分析仪等不同单元、部件和相 感器、分析系统等。
关系统组成。
发动机辅助冷却系统能帮助发 发动机辅助冷却系统用于发动机舱、活
动机及附件通风，包括阀门、
门、管路、引射泵、涡流发生器等附件 A
波导设备、喷射泵、扰流器等
通风。
组件。

发动机温度系统包括气缸盖、 发动机温度系统用于指示发动机不同位
排气（涡轮进口）等，用于显 置的温度，包括气缸盖温度、排气（涡 C c
示发动机温度。 轮进口）温度等。

发动机动力系统能够直接或间
接指示功率或推力,包括平均有 发动机动力系统通过刹车平均有效压力
、压力比、每分钟转数等项目，来直接 C
效压力、压比、转速（RPM）等 或间接表示动力或推力。
。

涡轮机释放出废气能量，并连 涡轮机从排出的气体中提取能量，并用
A
接到曲轴。 它驱动曲轴。

附件齿轮箱不包括在发动机旁 附件齿轮箱包含了固定在发动机上且与
边的那些附件传动装置。 发动机紧邻的一系列附件传动装置。 A

传动轴部分由驱动轴、适配器 传动轴包含了驱动柄、适配器和密封圈
和密封圈组成。 等部分。 A

空气部分包括从戽斗形进气口 空气部分包括从进气口到排气反流和叶
到蒸汽排气回流口和叶轮室所 轮室的单元。 B
有组件。

控制主燃料控制所有仪表为发 主燃油控制系统能够计量送往发动机和
动机和推力调节器提供燃料。 加力燃烧室的燃油，其包括油门杆、钢
包括杠杆、电缆、滑轮、连杆 C
索、滑轮、连杆等，这些也属于燃油控
等物品，也是燃料控制单元的
制组件。
部件。

系统中用于指示燃料使用量、 系统中用于指示燃料流量、温度和压力
温度和压力的部分。包括变送 A b
的部分。包括变换器、指示器等。
器、指示器等。

点火部分包括感应振动器、磁 点火部分包括感应振动器、开关、铅过
电机、开关、铅过滤器、分配
器、线束、插头、和火花提前 滤器、分配器、线束、插头、点火继电
A b
器、激励器和火花提前的电气部分。
的电气部分。
系统中产生电流以点燃燃烧变
系统中产生电流以点燃燃烧变大器和推
大器和推力增大器中的燃料混 A
合物的部分。 力缩小器中的燃料混合物的部分。

包括磁电机、分配器、升压线 包括磁电机、分配器、增压线圈、激励
圈、励磁机、变压器、存储电 B
器、变压器、存储电容和合成器等。
容器和合成器等。

将高压或低压电从电路传导到 将高压或低压电从电路传导到点火器的
A a
火花塞或点火器的系统部分。 系统部分。

包括发电机和分配器之间的接 包括磁电机和分电器之间的接线，在这
线，在这些系统中，它们是单 些系统中，它们是单独的单元。 C c
独的单元。

包括点火线装置、高压导线、 包括点火线装置、低压导线、“低压”
“低压”系统中使用的线圈、 系统中使用的线圈、火花塞、点火器等 A
点火器等。 。

排气系统指将发动机引气导入 引气系统指将发动机废气导出机外的装 A
机身的装置和组件。 置和组件。

噪声抑制装置是指系统中降低 排气系统指将发动机废气导出机外的装
排气噪声的部分。 置和组件。 B b

反推装置是系统中改变排气方 反推装置能够改变排气方向进而产生反 C c
向用以向后推力的部分。 推力。

对涡轮发动机来说，排气系统 对涡轮发动机来说，排气系统不包括发
A
包括发动机主系统内的装置。 动机主系统以外的装置。

燃油配送装置指系统中将燃油 滑油分配系统指系统中将滑油输送给发 C c
输送给发动机的部分。 动机和从发动机回油的部分。

滑油系统指那些储存滑油，并
把滑油送往发动机以及从发动 滑油系统指发动机内储存润滑油和运输
B b
机回油的相关外部组件和部件 润滑油的装置和部件。
。

噪声抑制装置包括诸如排气管 噪声抑制器包含导管、隔板、屏障、作
、隔板、隔热屏、作动筒、管
路、连杆、位置指示器、警告 动筒、管路、连动装置、分贝指示器、
B
系统等部件。 警告系统等。
储存装置是系统中用于储存滑
储存装置是系统中用于储存滑油的部分
油的部分，包含油泵、加油系
，包含油箱、加油系统、内置漏斗、隔 C C
统、内置漏斗、隔板、集油槽 板、集油槽和放油装置等。
和放油装置等。

水平和垂直稳定剂包括升降舵 水平安定面和垂直安定面连接升降舵和
A
和方向舵的结构。 方向舵结构。

升降舵/机翼所附着的尾翼/机
升降舵/前翼所连接的尾部/机头部分的
头部分的水平翼型包括梁、肋 水平翼型包括诸如翼梁、肋、纵梁、板 A a
、弦、板/皮、通道盖、尖端等
/蒙皮、检修盖、尖端等项目。
。

升降舵/升降副翼是可移动翼面 升降舵/升降副翼是可拆卸翼面，用于
，用于纵向控制/纵向和侧向控 纵向控制/纵向和水平控制。 A a
制。

飞行面是指连接在机翼上的可
移动的机翼结构，包括副翼、 飞行表面是附在机翼上的可拆卸翼型的
襟翼、扰流板、标签、阻力和 结构，包括副翼、襟翼、扰流板、翼片 C c
、阻力和平衡装置等。
平衡装置等项目。

附属装置是指机翼上用于将机 附加配件是机翼上的配件，用于将机身
身、机舱/塔架和起落架固定在 、机舱/挂架和起落架连接到机翼上，
机翼上以及用于支持机翼内设 A
并用于支持机翼内的设备。
备的装置。

辅助结构包括前缘、后缘、翼 辅助结构包括前缘、后缘、翼尖、尖端
尖、翼尖油箱和燃料或水电池 燃料箱和燃料或水电池背板，不包括板 A
背板，不包括板/皮。 /蒙皮。

检查窗和观察窗是用于检查飞
机内部和飞机上的舱室和设备 检查和观察是用于检查飞机内部和周围
的窗口，包括透明材料、框架 的舱室和设备的窗口，包括透明材料、
B
其框架等项目。
等。

驾驶舱指位于地板上方并在前 飞行舱是位于地面之上，位于前乘客隔
客舱隔板和前增压穹状壁板之 板和前压力罩之间的舱室。 B c
间的舱室。

窗户是指机身和乘员舱的窗户 窗户指位于机身和驾驶舱的窗户，包括
，包括挡风玻璃和安装在门上 风挡和安装在舱门上的窗户。 C b
的窗户。

发动机混合室把燃油空气混合 发动机的做工段把燃油和空气混合并燃
A
后点燃。 烧。
发动机涡轮部分包括涡轮头和 发动机涡轮部分包括涡轮喷嘴和涡轮旋
A
涡轮转子等部件。 翼等部件。

飞机总体布局应由刻度线图画
来阐释，包括计划图、侧视图 飞机的总体布局应由比例尺线条图阐明 C
，包括平面图、侧视图和前视图。
和前视图。

若有需要，对附加的特征或特
若有需要，指标的额外特征或特性将是
性加以简明描述，可以使数据 B b
其原有基础描述上的补充。
得到补充。

校准空速指修正了仪表误差和
校准空速是指调节位置误差以及仪表误
位置误差之后得到的指示空速 B
差后的指示空速。
。

传动轴部分能够将发动机功率 传动轴部分在发动机和变速箱之间来回 B b
传输至齿轮箱。 传输动力。

齿轮箱部分包括叶轮、轴、密 齿轮箱部分包括齿轮、轴、密封件、油
C
封件、油泵、冷却器等。 泵、冷却器等。

进气口由很多部件组成，包括 进气道包括前环形整流罩、涡流发生器
前环形整流罩、涡流发生器以 以及管路等部件。 C c
及电缆。

如可以，还应提供以下重量：
(a)最大坡道重量；(b)最大起 如适用，还应提供以下数据：(a)最大
停机坪重量；(b)最大着陆重量；(c)最
飞重量；(c)最大着陆重量； 大起飞重量；(d)最大零重量；(e)最大 A a
(d)最大无油重量；(e)最大行
行李重量。
李舱重量。

将一个导杆连到波纹管圆盘， 将一个导杆连到金属波纹管圆盘，用于
用于波纹管左右移动。 波纹管平滑移动。 C

在提升齿轮箱之前装配移动式 拆下齿轮箱用来装配可移动式的举升机
B b
起重机。 。

如果转子突然停止转动，检查 如果转子突然停止，请检查进气口是否 B
进气道是否存有外来物。 有需要的杂物。

如果有一个或多个叶片缺失， 若缺少一个或多个叶片，在发动机记录 C
请查看发动机日志中的记录。 本中予以记录。

打开活门，让氮气进入减震支 打开活门，让氖气进入减震支柱。
B
柱。
建议在飞行50小时前重新拧紧 建议在飞行50小时后再次拧紧螺栓。
C
螺栓。
由于泵的设计问题，导致其停 泵运转失常的原因在于叶轮的损坏。
止运转。 A a

调整音量控制器可能导致警告 调整音量控制器可能使警告声变得更加
A
声过于响亮。 嘈杂。

更换磨损超标的组件。 更换组件会导致损坏加剧。 B
这些部件很容易发生弯曲或失
这些部件很容易弯曲、断裂或对不齐。 C
去对齐。

如果剪切销断裂，检查拖杆。 检查拖杆对剪切销断裂的影响。 B

在倾斜仪上的气泡位于中心后
将倾斜仪调整到气泡的中心位置。 A
进行调整。

执行故障排除程序以找出故障
原因。 根据故障排除程序，排除故障影响。 B b

进行高压设备操作时要遵守安 在高压设备上工作时要遵守安全防范措
C a
全操作手册。 施。

雷达罩的状况对其性能有重要
雷达的性能受到其状态的重要影响。 B
影响。

如果轮胎温度上升177度，易熔 当轮胎温度超过177度时，保险丝会熔
A
塞会熔化并导致轮胎泄气。 化并导致轮胎漏气。

警示铃声和喇叭将会停止启动 先开启警告铃声和麦克风，然后再停止 A
，然后再次响起。 使用。

钢索上的张力会随着温度升高
温度升高，钢索张力会减小。 C
而增加。

为了减少储压器的压力，请不 不要使用刹车来增加储压器的压力。 A
要操作刹车。

松开再拧紧螺套，直到钢索有 旋转螺套，确保钢索处于正确的位置。
适当的张力。 A

如果安装传动杆不方便，调节 如果无法轻易地安装定位销，调整连杆 C
销的可靠性水平。 长度。

在佩戴氧气面罩前进行深呼吸 为确保供氧正常，请不要摘下氧气面罩
A
，确认血液中氧气充足。 并进行呼吸。

如果滤子使用期间出现异常， 实验室污染分析用于防止滤子在短时间
A
请对污染物进行适当的检测。 内堵塞。

确保发动机排气管区域围绕有 确保发动机排气管口有安全阀的保护。
安全栅栏。 B

基本上，作者可以使用字典中 基本上，作者从字典中选用的词汇都是
B
批准的词汇作为核心词汇。 核心词汇。

按逆时针方向缓慢转动活门组 在气体从凸台漏出之后，按逆时针方向 B
件直到凸台处有气漏出。 慢慢转动活门组件。

使翻译更容易是创建STE的基本 建立STE的主要目的之一就是使翻译更
C
要求之一。 容易。
安全说明告诉读者，程序中的
安全说明告诉读者哪些程序或步骤是危
程序或步骤可能是危险的或造 险的，或是可以造成损伤的。 A
成损伤。

结果是，允许孔的尺寸超出最 结果是，孔的尺寸大于允许的最大尺寸
大范围。 。 C

在初始蒙皮的初始紧固件位置 使埋头垫圈适用于初始蒙皮上的初始紧
B b
，制作埋头垫圈。 固件。

在重新安装前，将湿的隔热棉
在干燥湿隔热棉之后，根据需要重新安
弄干；如适用，更换新的隔热 B
装或更换新的隔热棉。
棉。

加强条的厚度乘以1-1.2就得到 压条的厚度应是初始长桁衬垫的厚度的
初始长桁衬垫的厚度。 1-1.2倍。 C c

给滚花固定环和堵塞指示器本 给带凸边的密封环安装保险丝，以固定
B b
体打保险。 指示器本体。

必要时应使用箭头表示流向来 利用箭头指示的方向来理解线路施工图
理解原理图。 。 B

应针对电磁活门标明注意事项 电磁活门应标有符号，表明该活门是弹
，说明该活门应该弹簧加载到 簧加载到开位还是关位。 C
开位还是关位。

对现有分析进行复核，对部件 对于安全裕度较低的部件和区域进行标
和区域进行标识，以显示出较 识并进行了现场分析审查。 A
低安全裕度。

公司应利用现有数据判断该部 已用所得数据来确定是否应将该部件纳
件是否与CAP相关联。 入CAP。 C

每一项飞机性能都包含对重要 “飞机性能”中的每一条目均应对数据
A
条件和数据的说明。 及其重要条件之间的关联性进行说明。

性能呈现和相关参数的格式以 性能陈述方式、相关的统计数据和规定
及规则应遵循本规范中的示例 应作为实例纳入本规范中。 B
。

以巡航功率飞行45分钟后计算 航班所需的储备燃油量应为巡航功率下
C
航班的储备油量。 45分钟所使用的燃油量。

上部卡箍安装的位置应该与拆 经同意后，对应拆卸时所作的标记将上
A a
卸标记保持一致。 部曲柄安装在位。
用真空清洁器和刷子清洁设备
的外表面以及安装架。 真空清洁设备及硬件设施的表面涂层。 B b

如果发现金属碎屑，从即日起 如果发现琥珀色指示参数，针对发现的
在30天内完成整个修理程序（ 数据在30天内重复所有程序（机轮离地 A
机轮承重）。 ）。

旋转盖子，直到你能接触到插 转动盖子直到可以接近标 C
口上“+”和“-”的标记。 有“+”和“-”的千斤顶。

系统的电路跳开关符合连接系 系统电路的物理特点与所连接系统相匹
A
统的物理特性。 配。

如果微型开关不可用，则执行
作动筒的限动程序以防止损坏 如果微型开关适用，为了防止损坏活门 B
对作动筒执行拆下的步骤。
活门。

对特定手册的说明应针对特定 特定手册中的定义应依据特定飞机或构
A a
飞机或装置。 型制定。

只有对现有的分析结果进行复 对现状分析进行审查，以找出可能安全
审，才能发现安全性较低的部 边际较低的部件和区域。 C
件和区域。

本系统无法超越CAP涵盖的常规 未包括在CAP中的常规沟通渠道不能代
沟通渠道。 替本制度。 A

移动速度刹车手柄将提供拆除 为移动速度刹车手柄提供空间，必须拆
中央下显示器所需的空间。 下中央下显示器。 B

给刹车系统排气，然后全行程 全行程操纵手摇泵的手柄给刹车系统放
操纵手摇泵的手柄。 气。 C c

在软管弯曲的地方开始测量软 从软管弯曲的内侧开始测量软管弯曲的 A a
管的内径。 角度。

如果安装上阻力杆时将其倒置 将上阻力杆倒置，使其在放出时与下阻
，在收起时它会碰撞到下阻力 B b
力杆相连。
杆。

在门关闭时如果警告灯亮起， 在门关闭时如果标志灯在位，微电门将 B
说明微电门调节不正确。 无法正常调节。

如果需要替换某个单词，从备 当替换某个单词时，始终要确保不要变
用词汇中选择合适的词以确保 A
动句子的意思和结构。
不会改变句子含义。
技术动词用于描述指示和信息
技术动词在特定的技术和操作语境中给
，以适用于特定的技术和操作 出指示和信息。 C c
环境。

技术文本通常包含很多组单词
技术文本通常包含长难句，其中的单词
，这些单词在句子中具有一定 A
在句子中的作用相当于某个词性。
的作用。

如果读者在执行某个工序或工
作步骤之前必须了解某个具体 读者在执行程序或工作步骤之前是否必
B
情况，则首先说明这个具体情 须知道哪些特定条件，需要先明示。
况。

确保不要将无关的单词连在一
确保不要连用意思相反的单词，因为这
起，因为这会改变名词词组的 会改变固定搭配的意思。 B
意思。

横隔板的布局方式使得追查系 图表的排列应便于花最小的力气即可追
C
统流向的工作变得不费力气。 踪系统的流程。

In this order to perform In this sequence to do the A

the swapping procedure. analysis procedure.
This tool is optional. This tool is necessary. B b
Turn the adjuster Decrease 60 Deg. to turn the
counterclockwise in adjuster counterclockwise. B
increments of 60 Deg.
On the opening of each Put a cover on the loose end of A
pipe, put a cover. the pipe.
Do not install shims which Do not install shims that are more C
are more than 0.1 deep. than 0.1 mm thick.
Wash the pipes so as to Flush the pipes to remove
remove dust. contamination. C

Make sure that the tubes Make sure that the tubes have no
have no deformation. crack. B

Remain the present booster

Recharge the failed booster pump. A a
pump.
The vacuum equipment
decreases the air from the The vacuum equipment removes the C
compound. air from the compound.

Check the date of latest On the label, make sure the date
inspection on the log. of last check. A

Monitor the speed Monitor the speed indication

indication as long as the continuously until the end of the C c
test continues. test.
If it states on the
If the instructions give a warning
container that the pressure about dangerous pressure, do not C
inside is high, do not open open the container.
it.
Make sure that the oil
You can read the oil level on the
quantity is shown on the A a
oil level gauge.
oil level indicator.
The rivet is installed on Look at the bolt installed on the
the 2 o'clock position of
the pump when looking from pump from rear to front at the 2 A
o'clock position.
rear to front.

To prevent damage to the

Using too much force on the brush
carpet when you clean it,
when cleaning the carpet will B b
do not use too much force
on the brush. cause damage to it.

You can trim the horizontal

stabilizer to the right You can adjust the incidence of C c
the horizontal stabilizer.
angle.
Make sure that solvents are Make sure that there's no
not near the engine isopropyl alcohol near the engine B
exhaust. exhaust port.
Stop the test if the Stop the test when the pressure is
C
pressure reaches 7000 pa. more than 7000 kpa.
The pointer moves The indicator moves longitudinally B
vertically along the scale. along the edge.
Alter the phase and record Change the frequency and record
C c
the results. the results.
If the Ram Air Turbine If the pushed air turbin has been B
(RAT) is retracted. extended.
When you get to the aft
aircraft body through the As you reach to the aft part of A a
the aircraft by the visit door.
control panel.
The report must inclue a
three- view drawing of the The
diagram must include a three-
side drawing of the unit. B b
unit.
The localizer way is
misaligned with the The localizer course is aligned C
centerline of the runway. with the centerline of the runway.

The glideslope path is at a The vertical course path is at a

variable angle to the first fixed angle to the threshold of A
end of the runway. the runway.
It changes the electrical It changed the electronic currents
currents in the B
in the reciever.
transmitter.
The operation barrels are The actuators are connected to the
connected to the hydraulic C
return. hydraulic return.

To notice the removed parts To mark the assembled parts with

A a
with the lable. the cards.
Write the instructions in Write the instructions in the B
the imperative form. active mode.
Remove the 3 nuts from the Remove the 3 screws from the
flange of the motor C
flange of the motor assembly.
assembly.

Information about
Information on specific optional
noncompulsory systems or
equipment may be included systems or equipment may be C
included in this Section or in
in this section or in
Section 9, Supplements.
Section 9, Supplements.
Airplane performance data Airplane restriction data shall be
shall be presented in
either graphical or tabular presented in either graphical or B
tabular shapes.
formats.

This document provides This document provides

necessary informaiton to supplemental informaiton to the
C
the applicable airplane applicable airplane maintenance
maintenance manual(s). manual(s).

The maximum weight moment

A Weight and Moment Limit diagram
envelope diagram should be
shall be used to describe the A
used to describe the c.g. maximum c.g. limit.
limit of the aircraft.

When describing the

In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear, airplane's Landing Gear, how its
how its emergency response C
warning system functions shall be
system functions shall be
explained.
explained.
This format may be used in This format may be used in its
B
its entirety or in part. tacticallity or in part.
When describing the In the description of the
airplane's Engine, starter airplane's Engine, ignition system C
system shall be described. shall be described.

Pins should be spaced at

intervals not exceeding 24
inches. Pins on harness
should be selected so that
they have a snug fit
without pinching wires.
Pins should be spaced at intervals
not exceeding 24 inches. Pins on
harness should be selected so that A
they have a snug fit without
scratching wires.

One of the safety

One of the safety precautions is
precautions is to keep the
flammable material from the to keep the combustible material B
work area at distance of from the work area at a minimum
distance of 50ft.
50ft at least.
Conduct a hardness test for Take a hardness test for the
A
the carbide insert. chuck.
If there is a conflict
between the two If the two indicators show any
A
indications, repeat the conflict, repeat the test.
test.
Remove the sensor to get
access to the adjacent Disassemble the sensor to get B
access to the adjacent structure.
structure.

Manufacturers' recommended Manufacturers' recommended time

time limits, maintenance limits, maintenance checks and
checks and tests (both inspections (both scheduled and C
scheduled and unscheduled) unscheduled) are arranged in
are arranged in Chapter 5. Chapter 5.

Exterior Labels and

Markings are required for
ground servicing
instructions, inspections,
cautions, warnings.
Exterior Placards and Markings are
required for ground servicing
A
instructions, inspections,
warnings, cautions.
Interior Placards and Interior Placards and Signs are
Markings are required for
required for interior general and
interior general and
emergency information, B
emergency information, instructions, warnings, cautions,
instructions, cautions,
etc.
warnings, etc..

The air conditioning system

keeps the air in the
pressurizing cabin of the
fuselage at the correct
pressure, temperature and
freshness.
The air conditioning system keeps
the air in the pressurized cabin
of the fuselage at the correct A
pressurization, temperature and
freshness.

The air conditioning

cooling system supplies
cold air to the passenger
cabin. Includes items such
as the cooling unit,
indicating systems related
to the cooler operation,
etc.
The air conditioning cooling
system supplies cooled air to the
passenger cabin. Includes items
A
such as the cooling pack,
indicating systems related to the
cooler operation, etc.

NOTE: The manufacturer may

have the option of
including wiring schematic
in Chapter 24, Chapter 91,
or establish a separate
Wiring Schematic Manual.
NOTE: The manufacturer may have
the option of including wiring
diagrams in Chapter 24, Chapter C
91, or establish a separate Wiring
Diagram Manual.

"Towing and Taxiing" shall

include procedures to be
used such as ground
steering techniques, use of
chocks, connection of
electrical power, etc..
"Towing and Taxiing" shall
include procedures to be used such
as ground turning techniques, use C
of brakes, connection of
electrical power, etc..

Compile all maintenance

Collect all flight logs for the
logs for the component A
component PNxxxx.
PNxxxx.
The contact has 32
The contactor has 32 contacts. C
contactors.
Horsepower Ratings and Horsepower Values and Propeller
B
Propeller Rotational Speed Turning Speed
Do not exceed the regulated Do not exceed this speed or Mach
flight speed or Mach Number Number in any operation. C
in any operation.
The Emergency Procedures The Abnormal Procedures Check List
Check List should be in should be in concise, abbreviated C
constant, abbreviated form. form.
That portion of the systems That part of the systems which
which controls the position
controls the position and rotation B
and movement of the
of the flaps.
trailing edge flaps.
The portion of the system The portion of the system which is
which is used to detect and
display the condition of used to detect and indicate the C
formation of ice.
ice.
The turbines can drive The turbines can extract energy
energy to exhaust gas and from the exhaust gases and drive A
connects crankshaft. the crankshaft.
The section of the engine The section of the engine system
system which contains the
which contains the connection B
propeller shafts and
shafts and reduction gears.
reduction gears.

That portion of the system That portion of the system is used

is used to indicate the to indicate the quantity,
A
quality, temperature and temperature and pressure of the
pressure of the oil. fuel.

That portion of the system That portion of the system is used

is used to perform the
to perform the cranking portion of A
igniting portion of the the igniting operation.
starting operation.

Starting system refers to Starting system refers to those

those units, components and units, components and associated C
associated systems used for systems used for starting the
idling the engine. engine.

The power plant develops The power plant generates

thrust either through the
exhaust or through a propulsion with the aid of the B
exhaust or a propeller.
propeller.
The fire-resistant The fire-resistant partitions and
partitions and seals are seals are mounted on or about the A
mounted on the power unit. power package.
The engine is used to The power is transmitted to the
transmit power to the B b
shaft by the engine cable.
propeller shaft.
alternate fuels and replaceable fuels and accepted
approved additives additives B

Do not expand or retract Do not put down or retract landing

A
landing gear at this speed. gear by more than this speed.
Make sure that the
indication is not more than Make sure that the indication is B
not more than 400 miles.
400 knots.
Retain the parts that are
Keep all the parts that are
functional and discard operational and drop those that A
those that are of poor
condition. are contaminated.

If you must apply an

unusual force to open the
unit, examine the
turnbuckle.
If the tyre pressure is
insufficiently high, open
the valve.
If you must apply an unusual force
to open the unit, examine the C
control linkage.
If the tire pressure is unusually
C
high, open the valve.
Do not apply too much Do not apply too much compound on
B
adhesive on the gasket. the gasket.
Excessive force may damage Too much force can cause damage to A
the seal. the contact surface.
Interchange the No. 1 and
No. 2 computers. Then do Repair the No. 1 and No. 2 B
computers. Then do the test again.
the test again.
This procedure does not This procedure does not include
exclude the removal of the C
the removal of the piston.
piston.
Make sure that there are no Make sure that there are exempt B b
metal particles in the oil. metal particles in the oil.
Prohibit not to get acid on Be careful not to get alcohol on
A
your skin. your skin.
Do not apply pressure to Do not apply pressure to the aft
the aft flange. screw bolt. B

Breathe into the oxygen

Breathe into the gas mask. B
mask.
The exhaust from the nozzle The exhaust from the Auxiliary
A
unit is dangerous. Power Unit inlet is dangerous.
Use a turbine fan to remove Use a fan to remove the gases. C
the gases.
Release the power pressure Release the hydraulic pressure in
in the accumulator. the actuator. A

All the test result are All the test conditions are given
given in Paragraph 2.0. in Paragraph 2.0. C c

Make sure that all the Make sure that all the emergency
exits are clear of foreign entrance are freee of unwanted A
objects. objects.
If it is possible that the If it is possible that the
temperature will decrease temperature will decrease to -20
B
to -20 ℃, remove the ℃, cut the cells.
batteries.
If the error is more than 3
If the error is more than 3
degrees, calibrate the B
degrees, calibrate the gyroscope.
compass.
Evaluate on the quantity Approximate the scale of the
A
available. quality.
The control is protected
The damper prevents sudden
from unusual movements by C a
movement of the control.
the damper.
In the absence of damage to When bracket damage occurs, recall
the brackets, recall the A
the procedure.
process.
Adjust the adjacent control Make sure that you do not operate
for optimal results. the adjacent control. C

Verify that the cabin Ensure that the pressure in the

pressure is not above zero. cabin is completely zero. A

If there are only small

metal particles in the If there are metal particles in
the sample solids, replace the C
solid sample, replace the
pump.
pump.
The engine uses multiple
The engine and all auxiliary
types of lubricants for C b
equipment use the same lubricant.
different purposes.
The one-act battery
The one-side battery provides DC
supplies AC power during A
power during emergency situations.
emergencies.
Bleed the speedbrake Disconnect the speedbrake
B
hydraulic system. hydraulic system.
Incorrect operation is
A blocked oil jet can cause
caused by a blocked oil C
incorrect operation.
tank.
Ignore the test if the
If the pressure supply stops,
pressure supply is C
cancel the test.
strengthened.
Turn the adjuster clockwise Adjust the brightness of the
A
to make the display dimmer. display by turning the adjuster.
Polish the surface with a Rub the surface quickly with a
C
soft, damp cloth. soft, dry cloth.
Fuel and oxygen react with A mixture of fluid and oxygen can
each other to cause be set on fire. A
explosion.
Magnetic interference can Metal objects can cause magnetic C
occur to the metal objects. interference.
Select the hydraulic system Identify the hydraulic system that B
that you will pressurize. you will bleed.
As long as the fluid level Because the fluid level is
remains unstable, the incorrect, the system will not C
system will fail. operate.
The unit is isolated from A centrifugal pump withdraws
hydraulic fluid through a A
centrifugal pump. hydraulic fluid from the unit.

If there is proper If there is a malfunction, the

functioning, the gears will gears will automatically C
automatically engage. disengage.
Ensure that you do not
Do not move the timing when you
adjust the timing to C c
install the distributor.
install the distributor.

You can divide the drains Dividing

the drains into three
primary groups is an ill-advised B
into three primary groups. option.

Ensure that you wear

protective clothes while Use protective gloves when working
performing tasks on fire on fire extinguishers A
extinguishers.
Continuously observe the
indications after the Monitor the indications during the C
retraction test.
retraction test.
Hydraulic power drives the The system is hydraulically
system, while electricity operated and electrically C c
is connected. controlled.
The control is protected
The damper prevents sudden
from unusual movements by C
movement of the control.
the damper.
Put the repair patch on the Correctly put the repair sealant
A
correct damaged area. on the damaged parts.
Lift the cylinder above its Lift the bushings above its
installed position. installing position. B

Refer to the wiring list For data about the location of

about the adapters location circuit breakers, refer to the A
data. wiring diagram.
Set the control to get Reset the control to get the B
maximum thrust. maximum force .
One generator can power for One generator can supply power for
C
all the systems. all the systems.
Add 5 ml of adhesive to the Put 5 ml of hardener to the
compound. component. A

Adjust the frequency per Adjust the frequency to the value

C
the value given in table 1. given in table 1.
The internal logic adjusts The internal logic can be adjusted
to sudden changes in B
by sudden changes in temperature.
temperature.
Make sure that the knob is Make sure that the latch in full
A
fully engaged. engaged position.
Clean surfaces to ensure Clean the surface to make sure
C
the bonding as required. that the bond is satisfactory.
The condition of the The condition of the radar has an
antenna influences its important effect on its A a
properties greatly. characteristics.
Lift the seat until it is Eject the seat until it is B b
away from the track locks. isolated from the track locks.
Incorrect operation is
absolutely resulted from a Aincorrect
blocked oil jet can cause
operation. C c
blocked ignitor.
The pressure shall be
estimated by using accurate Calculate
the pressure with the
C c
applicable formula.
equation.
When working with high
The safety precautions are
resistances, you should optional in an environment with A
follow the safety
high voltages.
precautions.
Keep flammable materials at Explosive materials must be kept
a minimum distance of 50 at least 50 feet away from the B
feet from the work area. work area.
Do not apply the second Let the first layer of paint dry
layer of paint if the first fully before you apply the second C
layer has dried thoroughly. layer.
To prevent environmental
pollution, this task must In order to prevent contamination,
the task you must do is to find a A
be done in a very clean
very clean environment.
area.
There should be no visual It is forbidden to have acoustic
difference between the difference between the former
initial surface finish and surface finish and the new surface B
the new surface finish. finish.
Metallic tools are of
Magnets can affect the compass
positive effect on the system adversely. A
compass system.
When installing the radome, When you install the antenna, the
you must keep the arrow alignment arrow must point C c
pointing forward. forward.
Refer to the table that
Proper torque values can be found
follows for the applicable B
in the booklet attached.
torque values.
The design department is The arrangement has to be approved
irresponsible for approving by the design department. A
the changes.
Lubricants for the engine The engine and the additional
and the auxiliary equipment devices are greased in a same B b
are the same. manner.
You shall use some
additional screws to Temporarily disassemble this unit
A
install the unit using some auxiliary screwdrivers.
permanently.
Wrap the pipe joints with Wind two layers of tape around the C
tape twice. pipe joints.
For general information,
refer to engine operation Refer to engine operation limits,
limits, guidelines and guidelines and special procedures B
besides general information.
special procedures.
The display unit will be
Air pressure will push the dirt
contaminated by compressed into the display unit. A
air.
The latch mechanism at the The center lower display unit is
top is used to secure the installed with the latch mechanism
center display unit on the C c
bottom. at the top.

If the fuel is not If there is no contamination in

polluted, go on with the the fuel sample, continue the C c
procedure. procedure.
Align the brackets with the Keep the brackets engaged with the
B b
adjacent components. nearby components.
The control lever must be You must continuously slow down
kept moving forward slowly the forward movement of the A
and abruptly. control lever .
The higher the speed is,
the more fragile the tire The tire blows out as the speed A
increases.
becomes.
Any alteration to this
repair procedure must get If you change this repair
procedure, get approval of the C c
verbal approval of the
Design Authority.
Design Authority.
When you use the emergency
When the pump is for emergency
pump, record the time of B
use, record the time of usage.
operation.
Shock loading of an engine
A heavy landing can cause shock
may result in a heavy C c
loading of the engine.
landing.
Corrosion frequently occurs The properties of these sealants
due to the features of A
make themselves easily corroded.
these sealants.
Get access to the control
Get access to the control unit by
unit through the opening in opening one side of the tank. B b
the side of the tank.
Make sure that the ATC
It is optional to keep the ATC
transponders are in standby
transponders in ready mode during B
mode when you simulate
altitude simulation.
altitude.
In this order to perform In this sequence to do the
the swapping procedure. analysis procedure. A
This tool is optional. This tool is necessary. B b
Turn the adjuster
counterclockwise in Decrease 60 Deg. to turn the B
adjuster counterclockwise.
increments of 60 Deg.
On the opening of each Put a cover on the loose end of
A
pipe, put a cover. the pipe.
Do not install shims which Do not install shims that are more
C c
are more than 0.1 deep. than 0.1 mm thick.
Wash the pipes so as to Flush the pipes to remove
C c
remove dust. contamination.
Make sure that the tubes Make sure that the tubes have no B
have no deformation. crack.
Remain the present booster Recharge the failed booster pump. A
pump.
The vacuum equipment
The vacuum equipment removes the
decreases the air from the air from the compound. C
compound.
Check the date of latest On the label, make sure the date A a
inspection on the log. of last check.
Monitor the speed Monitor the speed indication
indication as long as the continuously until the end of the C c
test continues. test.
If it states on the
container that the pressure If the instructions give a warning
about dangerous pressure, do not C
inside is high, do not open
it. open the container.

Make sure that the oil

You can read the oil level on the
quantity is shown on the A a
oil level gauge.
oil level indicator.
The rivet is installed on Look at the bolt installed on the
the 2 o'clock position of pump from rear to front at the 2
A
the pump when looking from o'clock position.
rear to front.
To prevent damage to the Using too much force on the brush
carpet when you clean it,
do not use too much force when cleaning the carpet will B b
cause damage to it.
on the brush.
You can trim the horizontal
You can adjust the incidence of
stabilizer to the right the horizontal stabilizer. C c
angle.
Make sure that solvents are Make sure that there's no
not near the engine isopropyl alcohol near the engine B
exhaust. exhaust port.
Stop the test if the Stop the test when the pressure is
C
pressure reaches 7000 pa. more than 7000 kpa.
The pointer moves The indicator moves longitudinally
B
vertically along the scale. along the edge.
Alter the phase and record Change the frequency and record
C c
the results. the results.
If the Ram Air Turbine If the pushed air turbin has been
B
(RAT) is retracted. extended.
When you get to the aft
aircraft body through the As you reach to the aft part of A a
the aircraft by the visit door.
control panel.
The report must inclue a
three- view drawing of the The diagram must include a three- B b
unit. side drawing of the unit.

The localizer way is

The localizer course is aligned
misaligned with the with the centerline of the runway. C
centerline of the runway.
The glideslope path is at a The vertical course path is at a
variable angle to the first fixed angle to the threshold of A
end of the runway. the runway.
It changes the electrical
currents in the It changed the electronic currents B
in the reciever.
transmitter.
The operation barrels are The actuators are connected to the
connected to the hydraulic C
hydraulic return.
return.
To notice the removed parts To mark the assembled parts with
A a
with the lable. the cards.
Write the instructions in Write the instructions in the B
the imperative form. active mode.
Remove the 3 nuts from the Remove the 3 screws from the
flange of the motor flange of the motor assembly. C
assembly.

Information about
Information on specific optional
noncompulsory systems or
systems or equipment may be
equipment may be included C
in this section or in included in this Section or in
Section 9, Supplements.
Section 9, Supplements.

Airplane performance data Airplane restriction data shall be

shall be presented in
either graphical or tabular presented
in either graphical or B
tabular shapes.
formats.
This document provides This document provides
necessary informaiton to supplemental informaiton to the
the applicable airplane applicable airplane maintenance C
maintenance manual(s). manual(s).

The maximum weight moment

A Weight and Moment Limit diagram
envelope diagram should be
shall be used to describe the A
used to describe the c.g.
limit of the aircraft. maximum c.g. limit.

When describing the

In the description of the
airplane's Landing Gear,
how its emergency response airplane's Landing Gear, how its C
warning system functions shall be
system functions shall be
explained.
explained.
This format may be used in This format may be used in its
B
its entirety or in part. tacticallity or in part.
When describing the In the description of the
airplane's Engine, starter airplane's Engine, ignition system C
system shall be described. shall be described.

Pins should be spaced at

intervals not exceeding 24
inches. Pins on harness
should be selected so that
they have a snug fit
without pinching wires.
Pins should be spaced at intervals
not exceeding 24 inches. Pins on
harness should be selected so that A
they have a snug fit without
scratching wires.

One of the safety One of the safety precautions is

precautions is to keep the
to keep the combustible material
flammable material from the from the work area at a minimum B
work area at distance of distance of 50ft.
50ft at least.
Conduct a hardness test for Take a hardness test for the A
the carbide insert. chuck.
If there is a conflict
between the two If the two indicators show any
indications, repeat the conflict, repeat the test. A
test.
Remove the sensor to get
access to the adjacent Disassemble the sensor to get B
access to the adjacent structure.
structure.

Manufacturers' recommended Manufacturers' recommended time

time limits, maintenance limits, maintenance checks and
checks and tests (both inspections (both scheduled and C
scheduled and unscheduled) unscheduled) are arranged in
are arranged in Chapter 5. Chapter 5.

Exterior Labels and

Markings are required for
ground servicing
instructions, inspections,
cautions, warnings.
Exterior Placards and Markings are
required for ground servicing
A
instructions, inspections,
warnings, cautions.
Interior Placards and Interior Placards and Signs are
Markings are required for
required for interior general and
interior general and
emergency information, B
emergency information, instructions, warnings, cautions,
instructions, cautions,
etc.
warnings, etc..

The air conditioning system

keeps the air in the
pressurizing cabin of the
fuselage at the correct
pressure, temperature and
freshness.
The air conditioning system keeps
the air in the pressurized cabin
of the fuselage at the correct A
pressurization, temperature and
freshness.

The air conditioning

cooling system supplies
cold air to the passenger
cabin. Includes items such
as the cooling unit,
indicating systems related
to the cooler operation,
etc.
The air conditioning cooling
system supplies cooled air to the
passenger cabin. Includes items
A
such as the cooling pack,
indicating systems related to the
cooler operation, etc.

NOTE: The manufacturer may

have the option of
including wiring schematic
in Chapter 24, Chapter 91,
or establish a separate
Wiring Schematic Manual.
NOTE: The manufacturer may have
the option of including wiring
diagrams in Chapter 24, Chapter C
91, or establish a separate Wiring
Diagram Manual.

"Towing and Taxiing" shall

include procedures to be
used such as ground
steering techniques, use of
chocks, connection of
electrical power, etc..
"Towing and Taxiing" shall
include procedures to be used such
as ground turning techniques, use C
of brakes, connection of
electrical power, etc..

Compile all maintenance

Collect all flight logs for the
logs for the component A
component PNxxxx.
PNxxxx.
The contact has 32
The contactor has 32 contacts. C
contactors.
Horsepower Ratings and Horsepower Values and Propeller
B
Propeller Rotational Speed Turning Speed
Do not exceed the regulated Do not exceed this speed or Mach
flight speed or Mach Number Number in any operation. C
in any operation.
The Emergency Procedures The Abnormal Procedures Check List
Check List should be in should be in concise, abbreviated C
constant, abbreviated form. form.
That portion of the systems That part of the systems which
which controls the position
controls the position and rotation B
and movement of the
of the flaps.
trailing edge flaps.
The portion of the system The portion of the system which is
which is used to detect and
display the condition of used to detect and indicate the C c
formation of ice.
ice.
The turbines can drive The turbines can extract energy
energy to exhaust gas and from the exhaust gases and drive A
connects crankshaft. the crankshaft.
The section of the engine The section of the engine system
system which contains the
which contains the connection B
propeller shafts and
shafts and reduction gears.
reduction gears.

That portion of the system That portion of the system is used

is used to indicate the to indicate the quantity,
A
quality, temperature and temperature and pressure of the
pressure of the oil. fuel.

That portion of the system That portion of the system is used

is used to perform the
to perform the cranking portion of A
igniting portion of the the igniting operation.
starting operation.

Starting system refers to Starting system refers to those

those units, components and units, components and associated C
associated systems used for systems used for starting the
idling the engine. engine.

The power plant develops The power plant generates

thrust either through the
exhaust or through a propulsion with the aid of the B
exhaust or a propeller.
propeller.
The fire-resistant The fire-resistant partitions and
partitions and seals are seals are mounted on or about the C
mounted on the power unit. power package.
The engine is used to The power is transmitted to the
transmit power to the B b
shaft by the engine cable.
propeller shaft.
alternate fuels and replaceable fuels and accepted
approved additives additives B

Do not expand or retract Do not put down or retract landing

A
landing gear at this speed. gear by more than this speed.
Make sure that the
indication is not more than Make sure that the indication is B
not more than 400 miles.
400 knots.
Retain the parts that are
Keep all the parts that are
functional and discard operational and drop those that A
those that are of poor
condition. are contaminated.

If you must apply an

unusual force to open the
unit, examine the
turnbuckle.
If the tyre pressure is
insufficiently high, open
the valve.
If you must apply an unusual force
to open the unit, examine the C
control linkage.
If the tire pressure is unusually
C
high, open the valve.
Do not apply too much Do not apply too much compound on
B
adhesive on the gasket. the gasket.
Excessive force may damage Too much force can cause damage to A
the seal. the contact surface.
Interchange the No. 1 and
No. 2 computers. Then do Repair the No. 1 and No. 2 B
computers. Then do the test again.
the test again.
This procedure does not This procedure does not include
exclude the removal of the C
the removal of the piston.
piston.
Make sure that there are no Make sure that there are exempt B b
metal particles in the oil. metal particles in the oil.
Prohibit not to get acid on Be careful not to get alcohol on
A
your skin. your skin.
Do not apply pressure to Do not apply pressure to the aft
the aft flange. screw bolt. B

Breathe into the oxygen

Breathe into the gas mask. B
mask.
The exhaust from the nozzle The exhaust from the Auxiliary
A
unit is dangerous. Power Unit inlet is dangerous.
Use a turbine fan to remove Use a fan to remove the gases. C
the gases.
Release the power pressure Release the hydraulic pressure in
in the accumulator. the actuator. A

All the test result are All the test conditions are given
given in Paragraph 2.0. in Paragraph 2.0. C c

Make sure that all the Make sure that all the emergency
exits are clear of foreign entrance are freee of unwanted A
objects. objects.
If it is possible that the If it is possible that the
temperature will decrease temperature will decrease to -20
B
to -20 ℃, remove the ℃, cut the cells.
batteries.
If the error is more than 3
If the error is more than 3
degrees, calibrate the B
degrees, calibrate the gyroscope.
compass.
Evaluate on the quantity Approximate the scale of the
A
available. quality.
The control is protected
The damper prevents sudden
from unusual movements by C
movement of the control.
the damper.
In the absence of damage to When bracket damage occurs, recall
the brackets, recall the A
the procedure.
process.
Adjust the adjacent control Make sure that you do not operate
for optimal results. the adjacent control. C

Verify that the cabin Ensure that the pressure in the

pressure is not above zero. cabin is completely zero. A

If there are only small

metal particles in the If there are metal particles in
the sample solids, replace the C
solid sample, replace the
pump.
pump.
The engine uses multiple
The engine and all auxiliary
types of lubricants for C b
equipment use the same lubricant.
different purposes.
The one-act battery
The one-side battery provides DC
supplies AC power during A
power during emergency situations.
emergencies.
Bleed the speedbrake Disconnect the speedbrake
B
hydraulic system. hydraulic system.
Incorrect operation is
A blocked oil jet can cause
caused by a blocked oil C c
incorrect operation.
tank.
Ignore the test if the
If the pressure supply stops,
pressure supply is C
cancel the test.
strengthened.
Turn the adjuster clockwise Adjust the brightness of the
A
to make the display dimmer. display by turning the adjuster.
Polish the surface with a Rub the surface quickly with a
C
soft, damp cloth. soft, dry cloth.
Fuel and oxygen react with A mixture of fluid and oxygen can
each other to cause be set on fire. A
explosion.
Magnetic interference can Metal objects can cause magnetic C
occur to the metal objects. interference.
Select the hydraulic system Identify the hydraulic system that B
that you will pressurize. you will bleed.
As long as the fluid level Because the fluid level is
remains unstable, the incorrect, the system will not C
system will fail. operate.
The unit is isolated from A centrifugal pump withdraws
hydraulic fluid through a A
centrifugal pump. hydraulic fluid from the unit.

If there is proper If there is a malfunction, the

functioning, the gears will gears will automatically C
automatically engage. disengage.
Ensure that you do not
Do not move the timing when you
adjust the timing to C c
install the distributor.
install the distributor.

You can divide the drains Dividing

the drains into three
primary groups is an ill-advised B
into three primary groups. option.

Ensure that you wear

protective clothes while Use protective gloves when working
performing tasks on fire on fire extinguishers A
extinguishers.
Continuously observe the
indications after the Monitor the indications during the C
retraction test.
retraction test.
Hydraulic power drives the The system is hydraulically
system, while electricity operated and electrically C c
is connected. controlled.
The control is protected
The damper prevents sudden
from unusual movements by C
movement of the control.
the damper.
Put the repair patch on the Correctly put the repair sealant
A
correct damaged area. on the damaged parts.
Lift the cylinder above its Lift the bushings above its
installed position. installing position. B

Refer to the wiring list For data about the location of

about the adapters location circuit breakers, refer to the A
data. wiring diagram.
Set the control to get Reset the control to get the B
maximum thrust. maximum force .
One generator can power for One generator can supply power for
C
all the systems. all the systems.
Add 5 ml of adhesive to the Put 5 ml of hardener to the
compound. component. A

Adjust the frequency per Adjust the frequency to the value

C
the value given in table 1. given in table 1.
The internal logic adjusts The internal logic can be adjusted
to sudden changes in B
by sudden changes in temperature.
temperature.
Make sure that the knob is Make sure that the latch in full
A
fully engaged. engaged position.
Clean surfaces to ensure Clean the surface to make sure
C
the bonding as required. that the bond is satisfactory.
The condition of the The condition of the radar has an
antenna influences its important effect on its A a
properties greatly. characteristics.
Lift the seat until it is Eject the seat until it is B b
away from the track locks. isolated from the track locks.
Incorrect operation is
absolutely resulted from a Aincorrect
blocked oil jet can cause
operation. C c
blocked ignitor.
The pressure shall be
estimated by using accurate Calculate
the pressure with the
C c
applicable formula.
equation.
When working with high
The safety precautions are
resistances, you should optional in an environment with A
follow the safety
high voltages.
precautions.
Keep flammable materials at Explosive materials must be kept
a minimum distance of 50 at least 50 feet away from the B
feet from the work area. work area.
Do not apply the second Let the first layer of paint dry
layer of paint if the first fully before you apply the second C
layer has dried thoroughly. layer.
To prevent environmental
pollution, this task must In order to prevent contamination,
the task you must do is to find a A
be done in a very clean
very clean environment.
area.
There should be no visual It is forbidden to have acoustic
difference between the difference between the former
initial surface finish and surface finish and the new surface B
the new surface finish. finish.
Metallic tools are of
Magnets can affect the compass
positive effect on the system adversely. A
compass system.
When installing the radome, When you install the antenna, the
you must keep the arrow alignment arrow must point C c
pointing forward. forward.
Refer to the table that
Proper torque values can be found
follows for the applicable B
in the booklet attached.
torque values.
The design department is The arrangement has to be approved
irresponsible for approving by the design department. A
the changes.
Lubricants for the engine The engine and the additional
and the auxiliary equipment devices are greased in a same B b
are the same. manner.
You shall use some
additional screws to Temporarily disassemble this unit
A
install the unit using some auxiliary screwdrivers.
permanently.
Wrap the pipe joints with Wind two layers of tape around the C
tape twice. pipe joints.
For general information,
refer to engine operation Refer to engine operation limits,
limits, guidelines and guidelines and special procedures B
besides general information.
special procedures.
The display unit will be
Air pressure will push the dirt
contaminated by compressed into the display unit. A
air.
The latch mechanism at the The center lower display unit is
top is used to secure the installed with the latch mechanism
center display unit on the C c
bottom. at the top.

If the fuel is not If there is no contamination in

polluted, go on with the the fuel sample, continue the C
procedure. procedure.
Align the brackets with the Keep the brackets engaged with the
B b
adjacent components. nearby components.
The control lever must be You must continuously slow down
kept moving forward slowly the forward movement of the A
and abruptly. control lever .
The higher the speed is,
the more fragile the tire The tire blows out as the speed A
increases.
becomes.
Any alteration to this
repair procedure must get If you change this repair
procedure, get approval of the C c
verbal approval of the
Design Authority.
Design Authority.
When you use the emergency
When the pump is for emergency
pump, record the time of B b
use, record the time of usage.
operation.
Shock loading of an engine
A heavy landing can cause shock
may result in a heavy C
loading of the engine.
landing.
Corrosion frequently occurs The properties of these sealants
due to the features of A a
make themselves easily corroded.
these sealants.
Get access to the control
Get access to the control unit by
unit through the opening in opening one side of the tank. B
the side of the tank.
Make sure that the ATC
It is optional to keep the ATC
transponders are in standby
transponders in ready mode during B
mode when you simulate
altitude simulation.
altitude.

本规范第0.9段要求的目录可以 本规范第0.9节要求，表格内容可以在
采用补充材料的日志(或清单) B b
补充材料的日志（或清单）中。
形式。

为了安全顺畅地操作飞机，当
标准飞机未配备选装系统和设 飞行员操作手册的本节应包含适当的补
充材料（操作信息），以便在配备了标
备时，飞行员操作手册的本节 C c
应包含必要的补充材料（操作 准飞机所没有的各种选装系统和设备情
信息）。 况下，安全有效地操作飞机。

它应包含所有重要的信息来执 为了使系统或组件性能保持在正常水平
行功能测试，以使系统或组件
性能保持在可接受水平，无需 ，而不参考其他附加文件，它应包含执
A
行验证试验所需的所有信息。
参考其他附加文件。

适航指令描述的纠正措施，比
如检查、修理或改装的具体要
适航指令或另一个文件，如制造厂家服
求，可由适航指令详细给出，
务通告可详细给出检查、修理或大修等
或包含在另外一个文件中，如 纠正措施，该服务通告刊登在适航指令 B
制造厂家服务通告，该服务通
中作为参考。
告在适航指令中列为参考文件
。

本部分必须确定每个强制的型
号合格证要求的（部件）更换 本部分必须明确型号合格证要求的每个
时间、结构检查间隔以及结构 （部件的）强制更换时间，结构检查间
C
隔以及相应的结构检查程序。
检查对应的检查程序。
起落架和控制舵面锁的使用、
应重视注意事项和限制信息，例如起落
最小转弯半径、前起落架最大
架和控制舵面锁的使用、最小转弯半径 C
牵引负载等预防措施和限制信 、前起落架最大推拖负载等。
息应引起重视。

对本章中任何部件或所有部件
根据部件制造商提供的数据，在合格的
进行的翻修必须依据部件制造
车间内对任意或所有部件进行的大修必 C
商提供的数据在有资质的车间
内完成。 须包含在本章节。

气瓶，释压活门，关断活门， 那些旅客和机组氧气系统的相关组件和
出口，调节器，面罩等组件和 部件存储、调节、输送氧气，包括气瓶 A
部件储存氧气，并将调节后的 、释压活门、关断活门、出口、调节器
氧气提供给乘客和机组。 、面罩等。

以下词汇和定义同意适用于航 以下词汇和术语与航空和防务的技术出
空航天和防护的技术出版物的 A a
规范。 版物实际使用的规范相符合。

通常句子的内容会向读者提供 通常句子的内容会向读者提供足够的信
足够的信息来获知正确的意思 A a
息来获知已被修正的意思。
。

在铝质部件上不要使用细砂布 在铝合金部件上不要使用细砂布，细砂
，细砂布含有氧化铁，在铝质 布含有氧化铁，在铝合金部件上会造成 C b
部件上会造成腐蚀。 腐蚀。

形容词给出了原形，在括号中 形容词给出了原形，在括号中给出了比
C
给出了反义词和最高级。 较级和最高级。

在交付航空器时或在局方颁发
标准适航证时，制造商向客户 在航空器交付时或在签发第一份标准适
提供的维修手册和/或维修资料 航证时提供给买方的维修手册和/或维
应包含足够的信息，以便合格 修数据应提供足够的信息，使合格的机
B
的机械师在正常维护过程中能 械师能够酌情检查、排除故障、测试、
够检查、排除故障、测试、修 维修或更换制造商认为可作为正常维修
理或更换所有可修理或可更换 程序一部分的所有系统和组件。
的系统和组件。
提供的排故信息应描述可能出
应提供描述可能出现的故障、如何识别
现的故障、如何识别相关故障 A
以及相应的补救措施。 这些故障以及补救措施的排除信息。

预计主要部件的制造商将以本
规范的格式提供维护、故障排 主要部件的制造商应按本规范的格式提
除、检查和维修数据。然而， 供维护、故障排除、检查和修理相关的
电源、总线系统、继电器、断 资料。然而，电源、总线系统、继电器
C a
路器、开关和其他特定品牌和 、跳开关、开关和其他一些常见的特殊
型号的通用项目，将在基本机 构造和型号将在基本机身维护手册中显
身维修手册中进行必要的显示 示和描述。
和描述。

当一个检查项目特别复杂，需
要特殊的技术、测试设备或专 如果项目具有极高的复杂性，需要专门
业知识时，则无须将较大部件 的技术、测试设备或专业知识，则内部
（如航空电子设备、特殊电气 图示和结构细节，或系统互连、维护、
设备、发动机和螺旋桨等）的 故障排除、检查或维修的资料，不需要 A
内部图和结构细节，或互联系 包含在主要部件的基本机体维护手册中
统、维护、故障排除、检查或 ，如航空电子设备、专业电子设备、发
修理方面的数据等包括在基本 动机、螺旋桨。
的机体维护手册中。

必要时，应使用示意图显示“
必要时应使用示意图，以表明“流向”
工作流程 ”，简洁明了地显示 ，并以尽可能直接的方式说明空气控制
气源系统、电源系统、液压系 、电气、流体动力、燃料和涡轮增压系 C a
统、燃油系统和涡轮系统的运
统的操作。
行。

系统流程图应包括发电机、油 系统流程图应以发电机、油箱或液压油
箱或液压油箱等。示意图的布 箱等作为流程起点。示意图的布局应使
A
局应使部件追踪毫不费力。尽 对流程分析毫不费力。尽量避免线路交
量避免管道交叉。 叉。
系统流程图应对该系统内的所 系统内的所有流量控制装置，如止回阀
有流量控制装置进行标识，如 、燃油泵、蓄能器和继电器，都应包括
单向活门、燃油泵、蓄压器和 在内并标明。电磁阀应按此指示，并应
继电器。电磁阀门也应标识， 包括一个符号，指示阀门是弹簧加载到
并以注释形式说明该阀门是否 打开位置还是关闭位置。一旦为阀门或 B c
使用弹簧加载在开位或关位。 控制装置建立了符号或装置，则应在整
一旦确定了各阀门和控制器对 个手册中将其用于此类装置。所使用的
应的符号，则应在整个手册中 符号应在原理图上的图例块中显示和标
保持一致。 识。

如适用，推荐的节油程序应包 建议的燃油节约程序应包含一个警告（
括相应的告诫，提醒在全新的
如适用），即在新发动机和新大修发动
和刚大修过的发动机磨合期内
必须使用制造商推荐的功率。 机的试车期内必须使用制造商建议的功 B c
此段时间使用经济功率可能会 率设置。在此期间使用经济型功率设置
可能会对发动机寿命造成不利影响。
损害发动机寿命。

该程序应规定，为了演示或培
该程序应规定，为了证明或训练VMCA的
训有意使一台发动机不工作的 识别，故意使一台发动机不工作将速度
VMCA，应从VSSE速度开始逐渐 从VSSE或以上逐渐降低（大约每秒1节 C
降低速度（大约每秒1节），直
），直到获得VMCA或失速警告（以先发
到VMCA或失速警告，以先到者 生的为准）。
为准。

在计算所有起飞、着陆、中断
计算起飞距离、着陆距离、加速停止距
起飞、加速滑跑和其他跑道性 离、加速起飞距离和其他跑道性能数据
能中，跑道上的有效风分量为 C a
时，沿跑道有效风风量应为 50％逆风
150%的逆风分量，50%的顺风分 分量和150％顺风分量。
量。

航程值应包括起动、滑行、起 航程值应包括启动、滑行、起飞、爬升
飞、爬升和备用的燃油。对于 和备用时间所需的燃油量。对于开车、
起动，滑行和起飞，允许在起 滑行和起飞，需考虑飞机以起飞功率运
A b
飞功率5分钟的燃油流量。预留 行5分钟的所需燃油量。对于备用时间
燃油按飞行所需的巡航功率计 ，应按飞行所用巡航功率下的45分钟计
算为45分钟。 算。
对于全发工作起飞距离，
对于全发工作起飞距离，应显示不同周
应显示不同周围温度、高度、 围温度、高度、重量和风的条件下所需
重量和风的条件下所需的起飞
的距离。提供的数据应包括从滑跑始点 B a
距离。应包括地面滑跑距离和
到飞机达到高于起飞表面50英尺所经过
达到离地面50英尺时的水平距 的水平距离。
离。

数据应显示为着陆距离与外部
数据应能够显示外界空气温度、高度、
气温、高度、重量和风的关系
重量和风与着陆距离的关系。 应包括
。应包括地面滑跑和飞越50英 着陆滑跑距离和从离地 50 英尺到着陆 C
尺障碍物的总距离。应给出在
完全停止所需的总着陆距离。应给出飞
50英尺高度点达到总距离的速
机飞抵50 英尺高时的速度。
度。

“推荐的或要求的限寿件退役 “时寿件的建议或要求的退役时间”。
时间”。建议使用“CAUTION（
告诫）”进行强调，以10号字 建议使用 “CAUTION（告诫）”一词，
并以适当的10点大写字母表示，并将其
、全大写表示，置于框内。载
明制造商对相关部件或组件的 放在一个方框内。规定制造商对部件或 A a
组件的建议报废时间（使用小时数、周
建议报废时间（以小时数、循 期或其他适当的决定因素）和FAA对有
环数或其他适当因素表述）以
限寿命部件或组件的要求报废（从服务
及FAA要求的时寿件报废（停止 中移除）时间。
使用）时间。

凡是CAP针对特定的零件或部件
的地方，都意味着检查将包括 如果CAP针对特定零件或组件，则意味
对零件和设备的周围区域的观 着检查将包括对零件和设备周围区域的
察和评估。任何维修方面的异 观察和评估。任何维护异常情况随后都
常情况随后都会引起业主和维 会引起业主和维护人员的注意。任何异 A a
修人员的注意。任何异常情况 常情况都应通过条件报告系统报告给
都应通过状态报告系统报告给 ABC，以便在必要时对CAP进行添加
ABC，以便在认为必要时对CAP 和/或修订。
进行补充和/或修订。
“目的”语句包含以下信息： “目标”用于描述以下信息：（1）此
（1）CAP与现有检查计划的关 CAP与现有检查大纲的关系及制造商对
系以及制造商对CAP的目标。（ 此CAP的目标。（2）非强制信息，包括
2）可选信息，包括（但不限于 （但不限于）制定CAP检查项目的主要 A
）用于选择CAP的基本原理—— 考量——即CAP要求是如何确定的（基
CAP要求是如何确定的（讨论服 于使用时间以及相关测试和分析进行讨
务历史、测试和分析） 论）。

为了使CAP持续成功，运营商、
FAA和ABC飞机公司之间必须有 为了使CAP在持续的基础上取得成功，
一个自由的信息流。检查结果 运营商、FAA和ABC飞机公司之间的信息
、维修和改装的重要细节必须 自由流动至关重要。检查结果、维修和
传达给ABC飞机公司，以评估建 修改的重要细节必须传达给ABC飞机公
议的检查程序和时间间隔的有 司，以评估建议的检查程序和时间间隔 B
效性。 在某些情况下，如果数 的有效性。在某些情况下，如果数据表
据表明疲劳问题的出现比最初 明疲劳问题的发生时间比最初预测的要
预测的飞行小时数多，则可以 长，则可能会延长检查频率。
延长检查频率。
《飞行员操作手册》中可包含
“安保和运行提示”部分。它
《飞行员操作手册》中可包含“安检和
可能包含：
(a)一般性质的安保信息，如： 操纵提示”部分，可以包含：
(a)一般性质的安全信息，如：
1.在FAA出版物中可以找到的各
1.在FAA出版物中可以找到的各种信息
种信息和规则；
2.怎样进行各种飞机检查； 和规则；
2.怎样进行各种飞机检查；
3.医疗问题和信息（眩晕、低
3.医疗问题和信息（眩晕、低氧、疲劳
氧、疲劳、缺氧影响等）；和 B a
4.任何其他可增强飞机安全使 、缺氧影响等）；和
4.任何其他可增强飞机安全使用的信息
用的信息。
。
5.儿童约束系统：
5.儿童约束系统：
儿童应使用经批准的儿童约束 儿童应使用经批准的儿童约束座椅。
座椅。
儿童不应被抱着或与他人共用安全带。
儿童不应被抱着或与他人共用
安全带。

由数个组件组成的系统，如防
由多部件组成的系统，如防冰系统，如
冰系统，每个组件可能都有“ 果设备是经FAA批准并单独销售的，可
补充程序”，如螺旋桨靴、机
翼和尾翼靴或加热空速静态源 为每个部件提供“补充程序”，如螺旋 C b
桨套、机翼和尾翼套，或加温速度静态
，如果设备是FAA批准的组件并 源。
单独销售。

导线和导线束必须由卡箍或塑
料钢缆扎带固定。卡箍和其他 导线和导线束必须由卡箍或塑料电缆扎
主要支撑装置必须采用与其安 带固定。卡箍和其他主要支撑装置必须
装和环境兼容的材料，包括温 采用与其安装和环境兼容的材料，包括
度、是否暴露于紫外线和导线 温度、是否暴露于紫外线和导线线束机 C
线束机械负载等方面。它们应 械负载等方面。它们应该间隔不超过24
该间隔不超过24英寸。应该选 英寸。应该选择适合的卡箍，以便紧密
择适合的卡箍，以便紧密贴合 贴合而不夹住导线。
而不扭曲导线。
放泄系统由管路组成，管路收
集来自发动机和吊舱的废液和
放泄系统由管路组成，管路收集来自发
水汽，并把它们排向机外。放
动机和短舱的废液和水汽，并把它们排
泄管出现在可能泄漏的管路、
向机外。放泄管出现在可能泄漏的管路
附件的任何点上，也可能出现 、附件的任何点上，也可能出现在油液
在油液会聚集于某一个腔的地
会聚集于某一个腔的地方。来自于前后
方。来自于前后腔、液压油-燃 A a
腔、滑油-燃油换热器、可调放气活门
油换热器、可调引气活门、可 、可调静子叶片的油液也会通过这些放
调静子叶片的油液也会通过这
泄管被放压。有些放泄管还有通风口的
些放泄管排到外面。有些放泄
作用，它们会把发动机和附件内的空气
管还有通风口的作用，它们会 和水气带到外面。
把发动机和附件内的空气和水
气带到外面。

转弯倾斜器感知并指示横滚和
转弯协调器感知并指示横滚和偏航率。
偏航率。转弯倾斜器中陀螺的 转弯协调器中陀螺的转子向上倾斜30度
转子向上倾斜30°。此时，它 。因此它不仅响应立轴上的运动，而且 C
不仅响应立轴上的运动，而且
响应纵轴上的滚动运动。
响应纵轴上的滚动运动。

许多高度表都包含了连接机构
，它们不仅可以使指针在游标 许多高度表都包含了连接件，它们不仅
上移动，还可以旋转数字计算 可以使指针在刻度盘上移动，还可以旋
器。快速参考窗口使飞行员可 转数字计数器。快速参考窗口使飞行员
以简单地读取以英尺为单位的 可以简单地读取以英尺为单位的数字高 C
数字高度。在快速爬升或下降 度。在快速爬升或下降时旋转数字或滚
时旋转数字或滚筒式计算器的 筒式计数器的运动使数字难以阅读或无
运动使数字难以阅读或无法阅 法阅读。此时可以通过经典的钟表式指
读。此时可以用经典的时钟式 示来进行参考。
表做基准。

异种金属腐蚀是指当两种或以
上的不同金属在电位下相互接 不同的金属腐蚀是指当两种或以上的不
触时发生的腐蚀现象。在这种 同金属在电荷下相互接触时发生的腐蚀
情况下，金属之间会形成电化 现象。在这种情况下，金属之间会形成 A a
学反应，导致其中一种金属比 电化学反应，导致其中一种金属比另一
其自身单独存在时更快地被腐 种腐蚀得快。
蚀。
“功能测试：该过程旨在确定
系统或组件按照最低可接受设 “功能测试：该过程旨在确定系统或组
计标准在所有方面运行正常。 件按照可接受的最少系统和可接受的最
这些测试可能需要补充地面支 低设计标准在所有方面的功能。这些测
持设备，并且应该比操作测试 试可能需要补充地面支持设备，并且应
B
更具体和详细。它应该包含所 该比飞行测试更具体和详细。它应该包
有熟练检查所必要的信息，以 含所有熟练检查所必要的信息，以维持
维持系统或组件在可接受水平 系统或组件在可接受水平上的可靠性，
上的可靠性，无需参考其他文 无需参考其他文件。
件。

有三种标牌和标记：A.安全数
据：这些标牌和标记是用于飞 有三种标牌和标记：A.安全数据：这些
行机组、客舱的，也用于设备
标牌和标记是用于飞行机组、客舱的，
安全。它们包括警告和注意事 也用于设备安全。它们包括警告和注意
项。B.维护数据：这些是维修
和保养说明。C.按航空器生产 事项。B.维护数据：这些是维修和保养 A
说明。C.按航空器运行地法规：飞机必
国（地区）法规：飞机必须有 须有这些标牌和标记。当C这类标牌出
这些标牌和标记。当C这类标牌
出现在第11章中时它们会被标 现在第11章中时它们会被标识为(1)。
识为(1)。

空调的分配系统用来引导和分
配空气。包括设备架的冷却系 空调的分配系统用来诱导和分配空气。
统和送风机、进气口（飞机外 包括设备舱的冷却系统和送风机、进气
部）、管路、进气口（飞机内 口（飞机内部）、管路、进气口（飞机 B
部）、单向活门等部件。不包 外部）、单向活门等部件。不包括在温
括在温度和压力控制部分的活 度和压力控制部分的活门。
门。

盘旋着陆机动指当不能或不需
直线仪表进近时飞行员为使飞 盘旋着陆机动指当不能或不需直线仪表
机对准着陆跑道所做的机动动 进近时飞行员为使飞机能在着陆场矫正
作。在塔台管制机场，必须得 所做的机动动作。在塔台管制机场，必 A
到空中交通管制的间隔，并且 须得到空中交通管制的间隔，并且建立
建立了机场目视参照后才能做 了机场目视参照后才能做此机动。
此机动。
聚氨酯被用于生产小型飞机的
机身、机翼尖和其他曲面部件 聚氨酯被用于生产小型飞机的机身、机
；相对便宜，不易与燃油发生 翼尖和其他曲面部件；相对便宜，不易
反应，与大多数胶粘剂兼容； 与燃油发生反应，与大多数胶粘剂兼容 A
不要使用热线切割聚氨酯泡沫 ；不要使用热线切割聚氨酯泡沫；使用
；使用大型刀具和砂子可很容 大型刀具和砂纸可很容易地塑形。
易地塑形。

偏航减震器通过感受偏航动作
然后将正确的信号输给方向舵
偏航阻尼器通过感受偏航动作然后将修
来减轻和消除不希望出现的偏
航。它在减少气流和其他外部 正的信号输给方向舵来减轻和消除不希
望出现的偏航。它在减少湍流和其他外
干扰的影响中很有用，气流和
部干扰的影响中很有用，气流和外部干 C
外部干扰使飞机难以操控。偏
航减震器也是一个改进飞机稳 扰使飞机难以操控。偏航阻尼器也是一
个改进飞机稳定性和操作性的重要安全
定性和操作性的重要安全装置 装置尤其是在起飞和着陆等关键阶段。
尤其是在起飞和着陆等关键阶
段。

从空气循环机出来的冷却空气
与其没被冷却时比不再能承载 从空气循环机出来的冷却空气与其没被
那么多的水。水分离器被用来 冷却时比不再能承载那么多的水。水分
把水从饱和的空气中除掉，然 离器被用来把水从湿润的空气中除掉，
后空气再进入座舱。来自于空 然后空气再进入座舱。来自于空气循环
B
气循环机的水雾装的空气在水 机的水雾装的空气在水分离器中凝结成
分离器中凝结成大水滴。水在 大水滴。水在水分离器中越来越多然后
水分离器中越来越多然后排出 排出空气循环机，而干燥的空气继续向
水分离器机，而干燥的空气继 后流。
续向后流。
停用/重新启用电路、系统、组
件等的程序应包括在内。这是 停用/重新启用管路、系统、组件等的
因为在维护过程中，由于安全 程序应包括在内。这是因为在维护过程
原因或为防止对飞机或设备造 中，由于安全原因或为防止对飞机或设
成损坏，某些部件可能需要停 备造成损坏，某些部件可能需要停用。
用。同样重要的是，一旦维护 同样重要的是，一旦维护完成，需要有 B
完成，需要有重新启用这些部 重新启用这些部件的说明，以确保它们
件的说明，以确保它们工作正 工作正常，不会对飞机或机上人员的安
常，不会对飞机或机上人员的 全构成风险
安全构成风险

在调试/测试的描述中应提供完
成测试或检查的说明，以确保 在调试/测试的描述中应提供完成测试
作为一个系统、子系统或组件 或检查的说明，以确保作为一个系统、
的一个工作部件的完整性。这 子系统组件、工作部件的完整性。这样
样的测试或检查将根据部件运 的测试或检查将根据部件运行的条件而
行的条件而在复杂度和严格度 在复杂度和严格度上有所不同。如果更 B
上有所不同。如果更换的部件 换的部件使系统重新启动并在“是/
使系统重新启动并在“是/否” 否"规范的限制范围内运行，就不需要
规范的限制范围内运行，就不 对整个系统做复杂的功能测试和进一步
需对整个系统做复杂的功能测 的容限测试。
试和更严格的容限测试。

25章”应急设备“标题写的是 25章”应急设备“标题写的是应急程序
应急程序中要求携带的设备。 中要求携带的设备。如果疏散设备、救
如果作为制造商指定的标准设 生筏和救生衣、急救箱、着陆照明弹和
备而提供,则包括疏散设备、救 信号弹、疏散信号系统等物品是制造商
A
生筏和救生艇、急救箱、着陆 指定的标准设备，则上述设备也属于应
灯和信号灯、疏散信号系统等 急设备。但灭火器、氧气设备或氧气面
物品。不包括灭火器、氧气设 罩不属于应急设备。
备或口罩。
26章题目是防火系统，写的是
26章题目是防火系统，写的是固定和便
固定和便携式的的装置和部件 携式的用来探测和指示飞机内的火焰或
，用来探测和指示飞机内的火
烟雾，存储和向所有受保护区域喷洒灭
焰或烟雾，存储和分配灭火剂 A
火剂的装置和部件。如果灭火瓶、活门
到所有受保护区域，如灭火瓶
、活门、管子等，如果其属于 、管子等属于制造商设计的标准设备，
则它们也包含在这章中。
制造商指定的标准设备。

必须列出储液箱的容量，包括
美制、英制度量和其他测量单
位。必须提供燃料、油、液体 必须列出储液箱的容量，包括美制、英
制度量和其他测量单位。必须提供燃料
和其他材料使用的ANA或其他标
、油、液体和其他材料使用的ANA或其
准规范号和等级（如果适用）
他标准规范号和等级（如果适用）。为
。为了便于修改，规格和等级 了便于修改，规格和等级应显示在一页 A
应显示在一页上。对于燃料，
上。对于燃料，应给出膨胀体积、总燃
应给出膨胀体积、总燃料容量
、沉淀容量和净燃料容量（如 料容量、沉淀容量和净燃料容量（如适
适用）。对于油，应给出膨胀 用）。对于油，应考虑到膨胀的余地
允许量。

飞行控制系统指控制飞机飞行 飞行控制系统指能够控制飞机飞行高度
姿态特性的手动部件和组件， 特性的手段，包括液压增压系统、舵踏
包括液压增压系统、方向舵踏 板、控制杆联接、控制钢索、襟翼控制 A
板、控制杆联接、控制电缆、 、安装支架等。
襟翼控制、安装支架等。

那些能在地面或水上支撑和控
在地面或水中提供支持和操纵飞机的装
制飞机行驶方向，并能在飞行 置和部件，并使主齿轮在飞行中收起和
中收回和储存起落架的装置和
存放的装置和部件。包括刹车，车轮， B b
部件，包括刹车、机轮、浮筒
浮子，门，减震支柱，轮胎，连杆，位
、门、减震支柱、轮胎、连杆
、位置指示和告警系统。 置指示和警告系统。
本手册包含《联邦航空条例》
本手册含有《联邦航空条例》规定需提
针对飞行员的相关要求、制造
供给飞行员的资料以及制造商提供的额
商提供的额外信息，同时也构 C c
成联邦航空局批准的飞机飞行 外信息，同时也构成联邦航空局批准的
飞机飞行手册。
手册。

《飞行员操作手册》对有FAR第 《飞行员操作手册》适用于通过FAR第
23部规章审定基础的飞机是恰 23部规章审定的飞机，但通勤类飞机除 B
当的，通勤类除外。 外。

机翼和电源负载取决于最大起 机翼和动力载荷决定了最大起飞重量和
飞重量和起飞马力评定值以及 A
起飞马力评定值以及受力表面积。
机翼面积。

飞机的审定条件包括：一个发
动机停车，有风动（或在有自 飞机的审定条件包括：一个发动机停止
动羽化装置的飞机上，已羽化 工作，有风动（已在飞机上调为自动顺
）朝向工作发动机的倾斜度小 桨模式）朝向工作发动机的倾斜度大于 A a
于5度，起落架升起，襟翼处于 5度，起落架升起，襟翼处于起飞状态
起飞状态，以及最不利的重量 ，以及重心处于临界位置。
。

气压高度指压力计或气压计高 气压高度指用气压高度表测量的（飞机
度计用于从标准海平面压力
）距离标准海平面（气压值29.92英寸
（29.92英寸汞柱）计算的高度 汞柱）的高度。所指示高度是一种对位 C
。它是减去位置和仪器误差后 置误差和仪表误差修正后的高度。在本
的指示压力高度。在本手册中
，高度计的仪器误差为零。 手册中，假定高度表仪表误差为零。

对于活塞发动机驱动的飞机， 在涡轴发动机驱动的飞机上，排气温度
排气温度指示器能够显示不同
功率设置时贫油状态下的油气 指示器是用来识别各种功率设置下的贫
B
混合气。 油流量混合气的仪器。

涡轮发动机转速表通常用涡轮 除非特指涡轮螺旋桨发动机，涡轮发动
（或者特指螺旋桨）的最大速 机转速表通常用涡轮最大转速的百分数 C
度的百分比来测量速度。 来表示发动机转速。
“螺旋桨调速器”是通过螺旋
“螺旋桨调速器”是通过螺旋桨的螺距
桨的螺距变化机构，通过增加
变化机制，通过减少螺旋桨桨距来调节 A
螺旋桨螺距来调节发动机或螺 发动机或螺旋桨转速的装置。
旋桨转速的装置。

航段是航路的一部分。航路的 航段即航路的一部分，起点和终点通常
两端分别由地理位置或一个明 是一个地理位置或是一个固定的的无线 A
确的无线电站点来确定。 电台定位点。

《飞行员操作手册》此节内容
这部分的《飞行员操作手册》不仅包含
仅仅包含由规章要求的或者对 由条例要求的或者针对飞机安全操作的
于飞机安全操作必要的限制因 B
限制因素，而这些限制因素获得了管理
素，而且这些限制因素应得到
部门的证明。
管理部门的批准。

当飞机制造商选定的最大连续
功率小于发动机型号数据单上 当飞机制造商选定的最大持续功率小于
的额定最大连续功率时，飞机 发动机型号数据单上的额定最大持续功
率的时候，发动机型号数据单内列出来
型号数据单内所列出的最大连 B
续功率用以表明对相应适航标 的最大持续功率表明是遵循了相应适航
标准，同时这个数值也会呈现在《飞行
准的符合性，并应在《飞行员 员操作手册》中。
操作手册》中载明。

应对飞行设备，特别是防冰系 应提供所有飞机系统或设备的限制信息
统的加热元件，以及电池的温 。例如，与防冰系统或电瓶温控系统中 C
度进行限制。 所用的电加热元件相关的限制信息。

针对不构成紧急情况或者仅涉
属于紧急状况，或有关可推迟的潜在紧
及潜在紧急情况且能够延迟处 急情况的故障或其他异常情况的处理程
理的故障或其它非正常现象， A a
可选择将相关处置程序包含在 序，可以被包括在本节或可选的3节
A“非正常程序”中。
本节中或专门另设第3A节“非
正常程序”。
应在本节开头或《应急程序检
所需空速以及被认为可以在紧急情况下
查单》中列出，在紧急情况下
提高操作安全性的推荐空速(和对应的
能够避免事故的所需和建议的 A a
空速（以及适用于这些空速的 飞机构型)应在本节一开始就列出，或
包含在《应急程序检查单》中。
飞机构型）。

延迟紧急情况的一个例子就是 紧急情况可以延迟处理的一个例子是，
起落架不正确响应正常的起落 起落架无法对正常的电门选择做出正确
B b
架开关动作，当没有其它故障 响应，但动力装置或其他系统不存在其
在动力装置或其它系统中。 他故障。

然而，“紧急情况”几乎总是 而“紧急情况”总是包括某种故障需要
涉及需要立即快速响应的失效
，如一发完全失效、机上失火 快速应对，比如动力装置完全失效，火
C
或冒烟或客舱快速释压。 灾或烟雾或者快速客舱失压。

如果由于空间限制必须使用晦 如果由于空间限制必须使用晦涩的小写
涩的缩拼，则应用星号标识并 ，则应在图像空白区域用括号标识并拼 B
在图像空白区域给出全拼。 写清楚。

原理图应倾向于处理整个系统 原理图应尽量呈现整个总系统，而非各
，而不是附件系统。例如，空 个子系统。例如，空调系统原理图不应
A
调系统，而不是空调系统内的 把重点放在其中包含的压气机上。
压缩机。

控制桨和桨翼位置和移动的系 控制方向舵和方向舵配平片位置和移动
统部分。包括诸如桨踏板、襟
的系统部分，包括诸如方向舵踏板、配
翼控制轮、电缆、增压器、链
平片控制轮、钢索、助力器、连接件、 C
接件、控制面、位置指示器等
操纵面、位置指示器等相关部件（视具
相关部件（视具体情况而定）
。 体情况而定）。

这一系统部分包括控制手柄、 这一系统部分包括控制杆、电缆、作动
电线、作动筒、告警系统、连
接装置、操纵面、位置指示器 筒、告警系统、连动装置、操纵面、位
A a
等部件。 置指示灯等部件。
燃油系统部分既包括整体和顶 燃油系统部分还包括整体油箱和翼尖油
部油箱泄露检测及密封，还包 箱泄露检测及密封。不包括整体油箱或
括整体或顶部油箱及燃料电池 翼尖油箱结构及软油箱结构，也不包括 C
板的结构。但是不包括燃料流 燃油流量传感器、传输和/或指示部件
速传感、传输和/或指示。 。

这些单位和组件在压力作用下
这些单位和组件将液压油输入到各个压
将液压油输入到包括油泵、压 力组件中，包括油泵、压力调节器，管
力调节器，管路，活门等部位
路，活门等。后来液压油汇聚到一个通 A
，最后到达一个公共地点，即
用点（分配阀），为了再分配到其他定
分配阀，是为了再次分配到其 义好的系统中。
他设定好的系统中。

用来储存和运送液压油到各个
系统用于把液压油储存并运送于系统中
使用系统的系统部分，包括油
箱、蓄压器、活门、油泵、手 进行使用的部分。包括以下部件：油箱
柄、电门、钢索、管路、外部 、储存器、阀门、油泵、手柄，开关、 B
电缆、铺设管路，外部连接器等。不包
接头等部件。不包括各用户系
统的供应阀。 括输送阀门给系统使用。

用来显示液压油的质量，温度 系统中用来指示液压油的油量、温度和
和压力的系统部分，包括转换 压力的部分，包括传感器、指示器和告
C
器、指示器和告警系统等元件 警系统等组件。
。

用来记录数据的单位和组件，
与某些特定系统毫无关系。包 这些部件和组件用于记录并不关联于特
括的组件有：空速记录仪、性 定系统的数据，包括飞行记录仪、性能
C
或维修记录仪等部件。
能或维护记录仪。

系统中用于延伸和缩回起落架 系统中用于延伸和缩回起落架并打开和
并打开和关闭起落架门的那部 关闭起落架门的那部分。包括旋转密封
分。包括刹车、车轮、浮子、 套、防滑装置、压力指示器、上下门闩 A a
上下门闩、操作控制装置、阀 、操作控制装置、阀门和电机、电缆、
门和电机、电缆、管道等。 管道等。

用于在飞机外部提供照明的照 用于为飞机外部提供照明的灯光子系统
明子系统。包括着陆灯、位置 ，包括着陆灯、导航灯、位置指示灯、
C
指示灯、航行灯、机翼照明灯 机翼照明灯、旋转式信号灯、滑行灯等
、旋转式信号灯、出租车灯。 。
飞行环境数据和皮托静压系统
包括皮托管、静压管、气温、 飞行环境数据和皮托静压系统包括皮托
管、静压管、气温、爬升速度、气流速
爬升率、空速表、高速警告、 C b
度、高速警告、海拔、海拔报告、海拔
高度、高度报告、高度表校正
系统等。 计修改系统等。

姿态指引仪部分包括陀螺地平 姿态指引仪部分包括陀螺地平仪、定向
仪、回转方向仪、磁罗盘、磁 陀螺仪、磁罗盘、磁航向系统、转弯倾
C
头系统、转弯悬停仪、放大器 斜仪、放大器、伺服系统和飞行指引仪
、伺服系统和飞行指引仪等。 等。

自主式定位包括导向系统、天 自主式定位包括导向系统、天气雷达、
气雷达、多普勒、近地警告、 多普勒、接近预警、避撞、星形跟踪器 A
避撞、星体雷达等部分，和六 等部分，和六分仪/八分仪等。
分仪/八分仪等。

位置计算是指系统中组合导航 位置计算是指系统中利用航行信息来估
信息来预测飞机地理位置的部 算飞机地理位置的部分，包括计算机基 A a
分,包括航道计算器等部件。 础课程等项目。

真空子系统是指用于产生、输
送和调节低于大气压的空气的 真空子系统是指用于产生、输送和调节
低于大气压的空气的组件和部件，包括
装置和部件，包括泵、调节器 泵、调节器、管线等以及总管和流经总 C c
、管线等，但该子系统并不通
管的部件。
过和包括歧管。

“机载辅助动力”是指安装在 “机载辅助动力”是指安装在飞机上的
飞机上的机载动力装置（发动
机），用于产生和提供单一类 机载动力装置（发动机），其目的是用 B b
于产生和提供组合型的辅助电力、液压
型的辅助电源、液压或气源动
、电动或其他动力。
力等或者组合型动力。
门包括可拆卸的用于连接进口
和出口的单元，也用于阻断与 门包括可拆卸的单元用于连接进口和出
口，也用于连接与机身相关的其他结构
机身相连。包括乘客和机组人
。包括乘客和机组人员门、货舱门、紧 A
员门、货舱门、紧急出口等，
急出口等，视具体情况考虑是否包括与
视具体情况考虑是否包括与门 门控制相关的电力和液压系统。
控制相关的电子和液压系统。

发动机功率控制是控制主燃油
发动机功率控制系统提供了一种控制主
控制器或协调器装置的系统部 燃油控制或协调器的方法，包括对涡桨 C
分，包括涡桨发动机螺旋桨调
发动机螺旋桨调节器的控制。
节器的控制装置。

发动机防冰系统包括活门、管 发动机防冰系统是用于消除和防止发动
路、调节器等部件，能通过引 机所有部件结冰的系统部分（不包括整
气消除和预防发动机所有部件 流罩），包括活门、管路、调节器等项 C
结冰（不包括整流罩）。 目。

涡轮发动机包括压气机引气系
统、空气冷却系统、热空气系
涡轮发动机包括控制通过发动机空气流
统、发动机启动系统，其中压 量的压气机引气系统、空气冷却系统、
气机引气系统能控制通过发动 C
机的空气流量，空气冷却系统 用于发动机防冰的热空气系统和发动机
启动系统。
和热空气系统用于发动机防冰
。

发动机压气机控制系统可增加 发动机压气机控制系统能控制通过发动
通过发动机的空气流量,部件包 机的空气流量和可调静子叶片的操作。
括调节器、活门、作动器、连 该系统包括调节器、活门、作动筒、连 A
杆等。 杆等部件。

用于在整个发动机中分配燃油
用于在整个发动机中分配机油的装置和
的装置和部件。包括前后压力
部件。不包括前后压力和清除器泵、集
和清除器泵、集水坑、粗滤器 B
水坑、粗滤器、阀门及第79章中未包含
、阀门等。还包括第79章中未 的软管油管等。
包含的软管油管。
对于涡轮发动机，那些在主燃
油快速断开装置之后为发动机
提供或控制燃油的组件、部件 对于涡轮发动机，这些单元可以在主燃
料快速断开后为发动机提供或控制燃料
和关联的机械系统或电路，以
的装置、部件和相关的机械系统或电路 C b
及加力燃烧室、燃油流量速率
；以及推力调节器、燃料流量传感、传
传感器、传输组件和/或快速断 输和指示单元。
开装置之前或之后的指示组件
。

发动机燃油系统包括调节器或同等装置
飞机燃油系统包括协调器或同
、发动机驱动的燃油泵和油滤组件、主
等作用的装置、温度基准阀、
燃油歧管、燃油喷嘴、燃油浓 燃烧室和加力燃烧室燃油控制装置、电
子温度基准控制装置、温度基准阀、燃 C
缩系统、转速传感开关、继动
油总管、燃油喷嘴、富油系统、转速敏
箱总成、电磁滴水阀、燃烧器
排水阀等。 感电门、继电器组件、电磁滴油阀、燃
烧室排油阀等。

对于往复式发动机，向发动机
输送燃料和燃气的装置和部件 对于往复式发动机，向发动机输送燃料
。燃料部分包括从出气侧到排 和空气的装置和部件。燃料部分不包括
A
气喷嘴、喷油泵、化油器、喷 从进气侧到排气喷嘴、喷油泵、化油器
油嘴和燃油底火的化油器控制 、喷油嘴和燃油底火的化油器控制。
。

从主快速断开装置到发动机的
从主快速断开装置到发动机的系统部分
系统部分，将燃料分配到发动
，将燃料分配到发动机燃烧器部分和推
机燃烧器部分和推力增强器，
包括泵、温度调节器、阀门、 力增强器，包括泵、泵、温度调节器、 A
阀门、过滤器、歧管、喷嘴等。包括主
过滤器、歧管、喷嘴等。不包 或推力增强器燃料控制。
括推力增强器燃料控制。

这些组件和部件能够产生、控
这些单元和部件产生、控制、分配和点
制、分配用于点燃活塞发动机
燃部件的燃料气缸，为涡喷式发动机或
的气缸以及涡轮发动机的燃烧 涡轮发动机的燃烧室或推力增强器中的 B
室或加力燃烧室中的油气混合
空气混合物提供电流。
气所需的电流。
排气系统包含集气环、废气和
集气器/喷嘴包含集气环、废气和推力
推力增强管道、可调喷管、作
增强管道、固定喷管、作动筒、管路、 B a
动筒、管路、连动装置、位置 连动装置、位置指示器、告警系统等。
指示器、告警系统等。

螺旋桨系统包括完整的机械或 螺旋桨系统包括完整的机械或电动螺旋
电动螺旋桨、泵、马达、调速 桨、泵、马达、调速器、交流发电机和
器、交流发电机是用来控制桨 那些组件和部件，都位于发动机外部， A a
叶角的发动机外部或整体的组 或者与发动机是一个整体，用于控制桨
件和部件。 叶角。

维护手册中的这一部分应涵盖
维护手册中的这一部分内容将涵盖发动
发动机更换、试车、外部安装 机更换、测试、外部安装的零用动力装
的动力装置备份等内容，而大 B
置等主题，而在大修手册中，将涵盖动
修手册中应涵盖动力装置装配
力装置的制造、拆卸等主题。
和拆解等节。

发动机支架要么是积木式结构
，要么是锻造件，用来支撑发 发动机支架指支撑发动机并将其固定在
动机并将其固定在机舱或塔架 短舱或吊架上的框架，要么是装配结构
C
，要么是锻造件。
上。

控制部分能够控制螺旋桨桨叶 控制部分控制螺旋桨叶角度，包括任何
的桨距，但不包括任何与螺旋 B
与螺旋桨组件一起旋转的部件。
桨组件一起旋转的部件。

发动机系统包含控制和引导润 润滑剂靠发动机的元件和部件的控制和
滑油从进口流向出口的组件和 引导在发动机里产生流动。 B
部件。

空气进入压缩机部分的进气口 空气进入压缩机部分的进气口部分包括
部分包括导向叶片、护罩和箱 导向叶片、横桅索和箱子等项目。 A
子等项目。

给飞机安装轮子时，千斤顶的 在顶起飞机之前，最小的顶升高度必须
最低闭合高度不能超过顶块和 C
小于顶块和地面之间的距离。
地面之间的距离。
空客建议，使用千斤顶和安全 在顶块的负载能力大于允许的最大载荷
顶座时，顶块的负载能力应大 的情况下，空客建议使用千斤顶和安全 C
于允许的最大载荷。 支架。

本章节将按照制造商考虑的方
式描述飞机，以使最有可能操 制造商考虑在本章节中描述飞机时提供
更多的信息，以帮助飞行员更有效地操 B
作该飞机的飞行员获得最多的
作飞机。
信息。

持有或驾驶航空器的持证飞行 如果持证飞行员拥有或驾驶的飞机不用
员由FAR 43部授权对其进行特 于航空承运目的，他可以按照FAR 43部 C c
定的预防维护。 授权，对飞机进行有限的预防性维护。

应使用气动布局图对飞机总体 应在单页上以横向顺序的呈现方式对飞
安排进行说明，说明内容包括 机总体布局和示意图进行说明，包括平
A
计划、侧面图和正面图，并以 面图、侧视图和正面视图。
垂直顺序在单页上列出。

为使辨别时产生的误差最小化
，推荐使用该方法，同时对所 建议采用该方法，以最大程度地减少分
有者说明系统和设备的使用方 配出错，同时使所有者获知系统和设备
C
的可用性。
式。

应在书页外侧以垂直黑线标记 对于经过修订和增删的文字，沿书页外
修订、增加和删除之处，仅对 侧用粗黑直线加以标识，并仅打印修改 B
应于印刷件中已更改的内容。 内容部分。

这些ALIs 是指令性的，未经 这些ALIs 是非常必要的，任何更改或

FAA办公室批准不得更改或删除 删除必须获得FAA办公室批准，或者其
A a
。FAA办公室负责飞机型号证书 他可以颁发飞机型号证书的监管机构的
，或发布适用的管理规章。 批准。

标题页的背面应留白，以免需 在标题页的背面留空以便于修订需要，
要改版，以及可能遗漏插入的 同时避免丢失插入的飞机序列号和生产 B
飞机序列号和注册号。 线号。

CAP编写者决定格式和排版，并 确认与CAP编写者的现有文件相似后，
认可与编写者现有文件格式类 由CAP编写者批准确定表格和设计。 A
似的格式和排版。
为了突出材料的重点，警告和
警告和注意事项应在其适用的文本之前
注意事项应在其适用的文本之
，但注释可以在适用文本之前或之后， C
前，但注释可以在适用文本之 具体取决于要突出显示的材料。
前或之后。

如果污染物造成孔堵塞超过
如果50%的孔被污染物堵塞，则要清理
50%，就要清洁显示组件后面的 显示组件底部的孔。 B
孔。

这些信息应与其他信息同时显
示，用于辅助判断结冰情况是 应将此信息与帮助识别结冰情况的信息
一起呈现，这种结冰情况可能超出飞机 B
否超出飞机及防冰系统的认证
及其防冰系统的证实能力。
能力。

这些信息包含在适用的供应商 这类信息不仅包含在供应商出版物的适
出版物中，并包含在飞机维护 当位置，还包含在飞机维修手册中，同
A a
手册中，手册中也包括了部分 时部分供应商数据也合并入飞机手册中
相关的供应商数据。 。

一些飞机，即一些特别简单的
飞机，可能不需要CAP，因为关 一些飞机，特别是相对简单的飞机，可
于这些飞机的有效信息可以确 能不需要CAP，因为有充足的信息保持
保飞机在整个使用寿命中持续 飞机在整个使用过程中持续适航，它们 A a
适航，这些信息包含在飞机维 的使用寿命包含在飞机维修手册中。
修手册中。

根据服务公告2243或在生产中 根据服务通告2243，在生产过程中给所
，所有出现裂纹的接耳都在接
有出现裂纹的接耳孔中都安装了两个凸
耳孔中安装了两个凸缘衬套， B
缘衬套，解决了之前直衬套游移到安定
以消除直衬套移入到安定面的
面配合U型槽的问题。
配合U型槽中的早期问题。

Do the troubleshooting Find the cause of the malfunction

process to look the result to do the troubleshooting A
of the malfunction. procedure.
Make sure that the screw
heads are connected with Make sure that the fastener heads C
are flush with the skin.
the metal.
The date of the revision
shall be shown on each The time of the reserve shall be B
shown on each revised page.
revised page.
Minimum Landing Weight is Maximum Landing Weight is maximum
minimum weight provided for weight approved for the landing C
the landing touchdown. touchdown.
Mach number is the ratio of Mach number is the proportion of
true airspeed to the speed real airspeed to the speed of B
of sound. light.
Use only the permitted Use only the applicable forms of
A
forms of verbs and adverbs. adverbs and adjectives.
You can use all standard You can use all standard English
English contraction marks punctuation marks except the C
except the hyphen. semicolon.
This system is used to This system is used to get rid of
eliminate or prevent the
or escape the formation of ice on B
formation of ice on
probes and domes.
antennas and radomes.
Maximum altimeter loss
Maximum weight loss during stall
during spin recovery is recovery is nearly 800 feet. A a
about 800 feet.

Electromagnetic valves
Solenoid valves shall include a
shall include a marking
notation indicating whether the
indicating whether the C
valve is spring-loaded to the open
valve is coil-loaded to the or closed positon.
open or closed positon.

The work must be done in

The work must be done according to
compliance with the the Maintenance Manual ahead of B
instructions in the
Maintenance Manual. time.

An explanation of Presentation on powerplant

powerplant instrument limitations shall come after the
markings shall immediately B
explanation of powerplant
follow the presentation on instrument markings.
powerplant limitations.

Make sure that contour and Make sure that the new floor panel
design of the new floor has the same contour and
C
panel have no difference dimensions as the removed floor
with the removed one. panel.

All needed or optional

equipment installed in the The equipment list shall contain
particular airplane when all required or optional equipment
transported shall be installed in the particular C c
contained in the equipment airplane when delivered.
list.

A number in the top left A number in the top left corner of

corner of the display the display is the irrelevant B
refers to a related page. page.
Do not exceed this speed Do not exceed this speed with a
with a give flap setting. given flap setting. C c

Do not open the cargo door Do not open the cargo door if the
unless there is dangerous C
wind-speed is dangerously high.
wind.

It includes items such as

automatic selector control It includes items such as audio
selector control panel,
panel, interphones, head­ C
microphones, head­phones, cockpit
phones, cockpit loud
speakers, etc. speakers, etc.
Before telling all persons
Before you move the ailerons, tell
to get off the wings, you C
all persons to get off the wings.
move the ailerons.

Here is that portion of the That is the portion of the systems

systems used to generate,
regulate, control, and
indicate AC electronic
power.
used to generate, increase,
A
control, and indicate AC
electrical power.

When illustrations can

simple, shorten or make the Whenever diagrams can simple,
text easy for shorten or make the content easy A a
understanding, they may be to understand, they could be used.
used.

Recommended or required The required retirement time of

retirement time of life
limited parts is on the
right side of the page in
an appropriate space.
life limited components is located
B b
on the right side of an
appropriate space.

This system will not change The normal methods of

the normal ways of
communication for items not communication for items contained A a
listed by the CAP. in the CAP will not be shifted.

It will cause damage to If you understand the

your skin and liver unless instructions, you body will not be A
you follow the cautions. hurt.
Slowly and fully extend Ram Make sure that the Ram Air Turbine
Air Turbine and make sure is completely opened and it
that it doesn't touch other doesn't touch the other unit. B
parts.

If the contaminant is blocking the

If the filters are surged,
send them to laboratory for filter, the material should be A
contamination analysis. sent to the laboratory for
analysis.

Thrust reverser is used to To change the direction of the

change the direction of the exhaust nozzle, the thrust
B
exhaust gases for reverse reverser is used to obtain the
thrust. opposite thrust.

Without the modification of Without the modification, it is

the unit, its service life possible that the service life of C
is likely shorter than this unit will be shorter than
present. usual.

Check wing leading edge Check the wing leading edge of

inboard left engine for left engine inboard for damage and
B
damage and dent before the dent before the aircraft takes
aircraft takes off. off.

When supplying power to the

hydraulic system, persons
and equipment should be
away from all control
surfaces and landing gear.
Persons and equipment shall be
away from all hydraulic system
B b
control surfaces and landing gear
when supply pressure.
If this step is not enough If this step is not sufficient to
to stop the leakage, change stop the leakage, replace the C c
the motor. actuator.
If you find metal particles
If you find material particles in
in the pump, find their the pump, find their source and B b
source and repair the
repair the damaged part.
defective part.

If necessary, the detail

may supplement some simple If desired, the data may be added
descriptions of additional by simple presentations of A a
characteristics or additional values or properties.
properties.

The format of the cruise

The form of the cruise performance
performance presentation is
at the discretion of the presentation is at the discretion B
of the airplane manufacturer.
airplane manufacturer.

These service bulletins

provide detailed
information regarding
continued airworthiness
requirements for the
manufacturer and
owner/operator.
These advisory circulars provide
specific information regarding
continued airworthiness C
requirements for the manufacturer
and owner/operator.

The cockpit voice indicator There are four cockpit voice

records four audio inputs recorders recording in-flight A
in the flight. audio input.

Making use of simplified The simplified diagrams and

schematics and drawings
explain how this system
operates, including warning
devices and control
features in use.
drawings are the indication of the
system operation, including B
warning devices and control
features in use.

Station is the distance of

a point of fuselage to the Station means a position along the
location of reference datum fuselage measured in inches from C
along the centerline in the reference datum.
centimeters.

Cockpit is on the floor Flight compartment is above the

panel and between the floor and between the forward
C
pressure dome and the rear passenger partition and the
passenger partition. forward pressure dome.

The Objectives of third CAP The necessary information has been

sample is omitted and the included in the sample
necessary information is description, so the CAP III A
included in the Preface omitted the Objectives in the
description. Preface.

When you lift the aircraft When you lift the aircraft on
on jacks, keep the center jacks, the gravity of the aircraft
B
of gravity between these
shall be limited.
limits.
Prior to drill the hole, Before you make the hole, make
make sure that the point of sure that the point of the drill C
the drill bit is sharp. bit is sharp.
The use of economy power The use of economy power settings
settings during this during this B b
period may be detrimental period may reproduce the engine
to the engine life. life.

According to Part 43 of the

A certificated pilot is authorized
regulation, A pilot is by Part 43 of the regulation to
certificated to perform C
perform limited preventive
limited preventative maintenance.
maintenance.

Briefly introduce the

operation principal of
any new kinds of flight
apparatus.
Briefly describe and explain the
operation principle of A
any new kinds of flight displays.

The manufacturer may

establish procedures to
provide feedback on
unairworthy conditions that
were discovered when
complying.
The manufacturer may establish
procedures and comply regulations
B
to provide feedback on unairworthy
conditions.

The CAP is developed to Revising or replacing any part of

change or place some part the serviceable Airplane
of the applicable Airplane Maintenance Manual or Service A a
Maintenance Manual or Bulletin is not the main purpose
Service Letters. of the CAP.

To find components and

areas where have showed
lower margins of safety,
existing results were
examined.
Existing analyses were reviewed to
identify components and areas that C
may have exhibited lower margins
of safety.

The airspeeds shall be The airspeeds which may enhance

provided as an introduction the safety of operations shall be
to enhance the safety provided as a preface to the C c
operations. Normal Procedures Section.

If magnetic particles are Locate their source and

found in the pump, locate disassemble the defective part if
their location and repair A a
you find metal objects.
the affected part.

Remove the screw, washer,

and nut to disconnect the
short clamp from the
structure.
Remove the screw, washer, and nut
to disconnect the loop clamp from C
the structure.

Three computers collect

data and put them together Three
computers collect data and
on the data upload to the put them together on the data A a
conveyed to the display unit.
display unit.
Basic control and operation
information describing how
the airplane components are
controlled and operated,
including any special
procedures, and limitations
that apply.
Basic control and operation
information describing how the
airplane components control and
A
operate, including any special
procedures and limitations that
apply.

In such cases, the

introduction should note
the systems covered in
the manual，manufacturers
may also choose to group
related systems where the
simplicity of the product
permits.
In such cases, the introduction
should note the systems
comprised in the B
manual，manufacturers may also
choose to divide related systems
if the product is simple enough.

The System/Chapter, sub-

System/Section and Subject
Number, the page number
and date of issue will
appear in the lower
left-hand corner, on the
left-hand pages and
the review date in
the lower right-hand
corner.
The System/Chapter,
sub-System/Section and Subject
Number, the page number and
date of public will appear in
the lower left-hand corner, on C c
the left-hand pages and the
revision date in the lower
right-hand corner.

Do not hoist the aircraft Do not raise the aircraft on jacks

on chocks if the wind speed if the wind speed is more than 20 A a
is more than 20 MPH. km/h.
Do not lower or retract Do not lower or lift landing gear
landing gear exceed this A a
within this speed.
speed.
Pull the vehicle to a safe Taxi the car to a safe area where
area where you can use the you can use the normal procedures. B b
standard procedures.
If you decide not to renew If your decision is not to replace
the unit, supervise its
the unit, monitor its temperature C c
temperature at least 15
for a minimum of 15 cycles.
periods.
Do not control the brakes Do not maneuver the brakes for
to increase the pressure in augmentation of the pressure in A
the accumulators. the reservoir.

The ailerons are similar to

the spoilers in that they
are resisting and providing
control of the airplane
about the longitudinal
axis.
The ailerons are similar to the
spoilers in that they are
A a
resisting and providing control of
the airplane about the roll axis.

Normally, we name it “fly This is commonly referred to as C c

by electrical system”. “the flight by wire system”.
The discharged resister
The charged capacitor behaves as a
acts as a secondary secondary battery. C
battery.
Hand tools can be divided
to four basic
categories:kicking tools,
clutching tools, cutting
tools, rolling tools.
Hand tools will fall into four
basic categories: pounding tools，
C
holding tools， cutting tools and
turning tools.

Grasping, processing and

The purpose of radar is to
displaying grafic
information is the function transmit, process and caculate A
image information.
of radom.

The following parts are

recommended to be
refurbished. Other parts
can be plated according to
on wing status.
The following parts are
recommended for modification.
C
Utilization of other parts can be
by in-service experience.

Revisions, additions and

deletions shall be
Alterations, substitutions and
identified by a vertical
eliminates should be marked with a
black line along the black slash outside the scope of B b
outside of the page
the page to coincide with the
opposite only that portion
of the printed matter that section being changed.
was changed.

Some environmental factors

are within the control of
the manufacturer or the
operator such as the
location of battery
compartments.
It is the manufacturer or the
operator's environmental factors,
such as the location of the B
battery compartments.

This system does not

supersede the normal
channels of communication
for items not covered by
the CAP.
The usual channels of
communication in this system
B b
cannot be replaced by the
introduction of CAP.

This document marks the This document contains appropriate

Appendix G as an instructions for Continued
appropriate descriptions of Airworthiness as described in C c
Continuous Airworthiness. Appendix G.

Use special handle to turn

the roller of spool
assembly clockwise to wind
the harness assembly from
the reel.
Use special crank to rotate the
spool of reel assembly clockwise
A
to unfold the harness assembly
from the shaft.

Do not refuel the aircraft

Do not replenish the aircraft if
if an engine overheat
warning is displayed on the the flight deck displays an engine B
overheat warning.
flight deck.
Make sure that the travel Make sure that the travel limits
ranges of the flight of the flight control rudders are B b
control surfaces are clear. clean.
Each wire is identified by
an alphanumerical code
comprising 2 alpha digits
followed by 2 numerical
digits.
Each wire consists of an
alphanumerical code following 2
B
alpha digits and 2 numerical
digits.

Servicing with oxygen is Servicing with oxygen is not

not allowed during prohibited during fueling and B b
refueling and defueling. defueling.

The manufacturer could

The manufacturer decides to insert
combine the description and
static pressure systems
discussion of the dynamic description and discussion into A a
pressure systems in
Paragraph 7.49, Pitot Pressure
Paragraph 7.49, Pitot
Systems.
Pressure Systems.

Some sevice reports are

In order to do the inspection,
used to select items that
some service reports used to
are similar in application, choose programs similar in apply, B
design and loading to do
design and loading.
the inspection.

It is not easy to decide It is very hard to make the

the affection of corrosion,
when the reports from the
CAP inspections are
received, the inspection
duration will be changed
for any serious problems.
decision of the corrosion effects
but, if the reports from the CAP
inspections are obtained, the A a
inspection times will be arranged
in accordance with the severest
problem.

Copies of the proper forms

and a description of the
items to be completed are
available to you from an
ABC trader or Production
Customer Service
Representative.
The ABC trader or Production
Customer Service Representative
could provide the proper form
A
copies and the description of the
items to be accomplished
available.

For wordlist, only major

For vocabulary, only main
changes are highlighted,
minor changes to various alternation are prominent, minor
alternations to many approved and B
approved and not approved
not approved examples are not
examples are not
prominent.
highlighted.

Quickly and fully retract Slowly and carefully extend the

the RAT and make sure that RAT and make sure that it does not
A a
it does not touch other attach to other parts.
parts.

If the nick does not go

through the primary If the scratch does not go through
the protective surface, the unit A a
surface, the unit is
is movable.
serviceable.
Make sure that the fluid in Make sure that the fluid in the
the hydraulic reservoir is fuel reservoir is below the B
above the minimum level. maximum level.
A revise explains
A revision means a modification of
correcting information in C
information in an existing manual.
an old manual.
Turn the knob
In order to turn the knob
counterclockwise to clockwise, decrease the intensity B
decrease the intensity of
of the light.
the light.
Do not replace the battery. Do not replace the battery. Only
Only an approved service an approval of a service provider B
provider can replace it. can replace it.

The manufacturer's
headline, publication The manufacturer's masthead,
publication title, airplane model,
title, airplane model, and C c
and issue or revision date must
issue or revision date must
print on all pages. appear on all pages.

Put all different metal

All metal parts that have
inserts or deep blind holes
different metal inserts or deep
metal parts in an oven at blind holes are dry in an oven of A a
225 to 275°F (107 to
225 to 275°F (107 to 135°C) for
135°C) for a maximum of
a minimum of one hour.
one hour.

Correct punctuation is
Correct punctuation is important
important because it shows
how the different parts of because it shows how the different C
the text are independent parts of the text are related and
prevents ambiguity.
and prevents accumulation.

The component was damaged

heavily; the repairing cost
is over 60% of the total
price. The workshop
suggests scrapping.
The component was destroyed
heavily; the repairing cost is
B b
60% of the total price. The
workshop suggests segregation.

Make sure that the oxygen

tubes are fully clean.
Oxygen and oil or grease
make an explosive mixture.
An explosion can cause
injury or death to
personnel.
Guarantee the oxygen tubes are
completely free of dirts. Oxygen,
oil and grease can combine to B
form an explosive oxides.
Explosions can cause casualties.

Manufacturers may omit Manufacturers may omit

Systems/Chapters that do
System/Chapters that are not
not apply to the product,
or omit such applicable to the product or C
combine System/Chapters where it
Systems/Chapters where
is feasible.
feasible.
If specified as standard
equipment by the
If the equipment is part of a fire
manufacturer, such
equipment is that portion protection system and is
designated as standard equipment
of the fire protection
by the manufacturer, the detection A b
system. Detection equipment
equipment includes the sensing and
includes systems for indication of overheat, smoke or
transmitting and indicating
fire.
conditions of overheating,
smoke or fire.

The equipment cooling

The equipment exchange system
system removes heat from
the equipment in the main removes heat from the lower B
equipment center and the aft cargo
equipment center and the
compartment.
flight compartment.

Report any abnormality to

ABC by the Condition
Reporting System to verify
supplement and/or revisions
needed as necessary to the
CAP.
ABC shall receive the anomalies
report from the Condition
A
Reporting System for CAP to add
and/or revise as necessary.

Change the repair scheme, If it is necessary to change the

until getting the approval repair scheme, get the approval of C c
of the design authority. the design authority.
When the supplying system One fuel pump can supply fuel to
is open, it is possible for
two engines,as the supplying A a
one fuel pump to supply system is open.
fuel to the two engines.

There are electronic- There are electrically-operated

operated valves in the
ejection lines to the two valves in the suction lines to the C
two engine pumps.
engine pumps.

Each door has flexible Each door has formalist seals at

seals at its structure
its structure interface which
interface which protect the protect the metal interfaces from A a
metal interfaces from no
damage by the airflow.
damage by the airflow.

The aircraft navigation

systems provide the flight
which is required by the
crew,and meet the the most
appropriate safety
requirements.
The aircraft navigation systems
provide the crew with the data
required for flight within the C c
most appropriate safety
requirements.

When the filters become When the filters become blocked

clogged in an abnormal unconventionally after a very
short time, send them to short time , send them to the lab A a
the library to analyze the for calculation of the
contamination. contamination.

The clearance between the The distance between the edge of

boundary of the panel and
the bay can not exceed 0.05 the
panel and the partition must C
not be more than 0.05 mm.
mm.
When the ventilation When the temperature of the
temperature is above 27℃, ventilation air increases to 27 C c
the drain mast opens. °c, the discharge valve opens.
Control the light knob to
Turn the light regulator on to
ensure that the light A a
adjust the luminous intensity.
strength changes.
When the input lever is When the interval of input shaft
between 5 and 10 mm, changes between 5 and 10 mm,
measure the piston measure the expansion of the B
extension. piston.
Obey the safety warnings
Obey the safety cautions when you
when you do work with high A
do work with high capacitance.
impedance.
Rub the surface with a soft Polish the surface with a soft
cloth when it becomes C
cloth until it becomes shiny.
brightness.
The STE sentences use the
approved different words to STE sentences use different words
in approved means to obviously A a
vaguely show the same
information. express the same information.

Make sure that the quantity Make sure that the quality of oil
of fuel in the tank is not in the tank is not more than 500 B
more than 500 liters. liters.
If the design authority If it is necessary to change the
need change the repair
scheme, it can get the repair scheme, get the approval of C
the design authority.
approval.

The target of the

specification is to reduce
the cost of general
aviation airplane owners
and operators and
maintenance personnel.
The objective of the specification
is to minimize the cost to general
aviation airplane owners and C
operators and maintenance
personnel.

Stringers and the upper

wing skin are compose of Stringers and the upper wing skin
the vent channels. The vent make the vent channels. The vent
channels got exhaust float channels have drain float valves C
valves from the center in the center tank.
tank.

The drain float valves in
the vent tubes and the vent
channels permit fuel in the
vent system to drain into
the tank when the fuel
level is lower than the
valve.
The drain float valves in the vent
tubes and from the vent channels
allow the fuel in the vent system
B
to drain into the tank when the
fuel quantity is lower than the
valve.

For normal operations, make

sure the shutoff relief
valve works. If you open
pressure relief valve, that
indicates a problem in the
fuel vent system.
For normal operations, make sure
you close the pressure relief
valve. If you leave it open, a A
problem will be shown in the fuel
vent system.
When there is too much plus
or minus pressure in the
fuel tanks,the pressure
relief valve previews
damage to the wing
structure.
The same word "base", when
it has different meanings
in different environment,
it can be divided into
different technical name
categories.
If liquids are spilled
inside the galley, you must
remove all signs of liquid
and fully dry the areas of
contamination immediately.
The rules in this
specification are served as
a guide for the format,
style and way of
representation for all
materials contained in
manufacturer's maintenance
manual.
Some basic operations with
a few small steps or work
items are included in some
work or processes.
Eyes cannot see the vapor
which may penetrate through
small holes of the floor
surface in the galley.
If a word is only
understood by a very small
number of people in a
specific technical area, it
will cause disturbing in
negotiations..
Technical verbs must obey
the same rules as other
approved verbs in STE.
If you find loosen cables, If you find broken wires, repair
fix them. them.
Do not use verbs that are
normal and mixed.
Ream the hole until it has Trim the hole until it has a width
a diameter of 8.00 +/-
of 8.00 +/- 0.003 mm.
0.003 mm.
Check the scavenge hole and
Make sure that there's no
areas around it for
corrosion around the drain hole.
corrosion.
The pressure relief valve prevents
damage to the wing structure when
there C
is too much positive or negative
pressure in the fuel tanks.
When the word "base" can be
divided into different technical
noun categories, it has different A
meanings in different language
environment.
If liquid spills in the galley,
all marks of the liquid must be
B
removed at once and the polluted
area must be completely dried.
The rules contained in this
specification shall serve as
guides for format, style and
method of presentation for all C
material included in maintenance
manuals prepared by manufacturers.
Some jobs or processes constitute
a few basic operations, with A a
several minor steps or work items
under each.
Moisture above the galley floor
can go through small holes in the C
floor surface area and stay out of
view.
If a word is only understood by a
very small number of people in a
A
special skill area, it will cause
interference in communication.
Mechanical verbs must violate the
same rules as other approved verbs B b
in STE.
C
Do not use verbs that are usual
A
and blended..
B
A a
When two or more systems
are served by a single
power source, that power The system that is powered by two
or more power sources shall be
source will be discussed B
discussed separately under the
separately under the
appropriate chapter appropriate chapter heading.
heading.

Cable tension set, flight

Rigging involves setting cable
controls travel limits
adjustment and travel stops tension, adjusting travel limits C
of flight controls, and setting
set are the rigging
travel stops.
procedures.

Repeated removal and Avoid repeated removal and

installation causes the installation of the self-locking
B
self-locking nut to lose nut to protect its locking
its locking feature. feature.

Stainless steel corrodes Magnesium, aluminum, or chromium

once touching magnesium,
metals shall be protected from the A a
aluminum, or chromium
corrosion caused by CRES.
metals.

In the non-STE example,

this safety instruction is
given as a caution, but if
you know about oxygen
systems, you also know that
oxygen can cause
explosions.
In the non-STE example, caution is
given in this safety description.
But if you know about nitrogen B b
systems, you also know that
nitrogen can cause flames.

Some approved words are

included in the dictionary,
they can be technical names
if they belong to
applicable technical name
category.
The dictionary contains some
unapproved words, which can be put
in separate technical name A
category, they can be technical
names.

If a word is only known by If a word is only understood by a

quite a small amount of
very small number of people in a
people in a special
technical field, there specific technical area, it will C
cause interference in
will be communication
interference. communication.

The test or check will

change in complexity and
stringency no matter what
the conditions under which
the unit operates.
Such tests or checks will vary in
complexity and stringency
C c
according to the conditions under
which the unit functions.

However, manufacturers may

adopt Systems/Chapters that
are not applicable to the
product or constitute
Systems/Chapters when
necessary.
However, operators may omit
Systems/Chapters applicable to the
product or constitute A a
Systems/Chapters where practical.
The container for the voice
recorder unit has these
properties: watertproof,
spin resistant and heat
resistant.
The container for the voice
recorder unit has these
C c
properties: watertight, shock
resistant and heat resistant.

If the aircraft is parked

If the aircraft is parked on a
on the ground, make sure
that wheel chocks are in slope, make sure that wheel chocks C
are in position.
position.
Elevator trip is limited by Elevator travel is limited by the
the move of the elevator stroke of the elevator power C
power control units. control units.
The air turbine starter
Failure of the air turbine starter
fails to trigger the engine
overheat and fire can cause the engine overheat and A a
fire indications.
indications.

The adjust time for a

frequency not in memory is The
tune time for a frequency not
in memory is 2 to 4 seconds A
2 to 4 seconds typical, 7
common, 7 seconds maximum.
seconds maximum.
The basic principle of a The basic principle of the
jet engine is simple, and propeller driven engine is simple, B
so is its construction. as well as the installation.

List any notes or key List all corrective actions, any

points involved in
corrective actions for
units faults during
correction.
notes or key points related to a
A
unit failure when you do the
Correction.

Number the pages of CAPs

containing only one section For the CAP pages that contain
only a chapter in sequence, mark B a
in sequence with section the chapters.
identification.

Before or after using the

Before or aft of using the tool /
tool / equipment, the user
equipment, the user shall make a
shall make a visual check B b
spot check or functional test to
or functional test to
inform the usability.
confirm the serviceability.

If the airframe
If the airframe manufacturer
manufacturer changes the
alters the text or illustrations
component manufacturer's
of the component manufacturer's in B b
text or illustration in any any way, it's own masthead shall
way, he shall apply his own
be used.
masthead.

The rate of supply of fuel The fuel supply rate from all wing
from the wing tanks to the tanks and the center tank is the B
center tank is equal. same.

Caution notes regarding use Caution notes regarding use of

of unauthorized cleaning authorized cleaning agents and
agents and possible hazards possible hazards of use of B
of using authorized ones unauthorized ones shall be
shall be included. included.
Alterations or repairs to
airplane shall be
accomplished and noted by
licensed personnel.
FAR Part 43 has a list of
things the pilot may do.
Please note that alterations or
repairs to airplane must be
accomplished by licensed C c
personnel.
FAR Part 43 recommends a manual
that contains a list of things the A a
pilot may do.

Appropriate airplane
service or maintenance
manual shall be developed
for the accomplishment of
preventive maintenance.
Preventive maintenance should be
accomplished in accordance with
C
the appropriate airplane service
or maintenance manual.

Make sure that the exhaust

Make sure that the wrong
from the ground cart does
not cause an incorrect indication is caused by the B
exhaust from the ground cart.
indication.
The bottoms of the bolt
5 MM is permitted for the tops of
heads can be more than 5 MM the bolt heads below the plate. A
above the plate.

The damage tolerance design The

design concept of damage
tolerance was successfully applied
method is applicable to the to the design C
of new generation
new type aircraft. aircraft.

Make sure that the required

repair/alteration/inspectio
n documents of each
aircraft must be kept by
maintenance organization of
the operator.
Ensure that the operator's
maintenance organization has
retained the required C
maintenance/alteration/inspection
records for each aircraft.

The difference between the

Boeing-777 airplanes and Fly-by-wire is the main difference
the subsequent Boeing between Boeing-777 airplanes and A c
series is that they are the subsequent Boeing series.
operated by wires.

If an AC circuit consists
If an DC circuit has capacitance
of impedance only, the
value of the capacitance is only,
the value of the resistance A
is the same as the capacitance.
the same as the impedance.

Oneway valve is a hydro or

Check valve is a hydraulic or
gaseous system component
pneumatic system component that
that allows fluid flows in
allows full flow of fluid in one C
one direction freely but
blocks all flow in the direction but blocks all flow in
the opposite direction.
opposite direction.

Turn the main body of the

closing aid with a crowfoot
and pull the two throttle
reverser doors together
until you can connect the
bolts at the bottom of the
door.
Use a wrench to turn the main body
of the closing auxiliary assembly
and pull the two reverse doors A a
together until you can attach the
locks at the bottom of the door.
The rotating nuts on both
valves are meshed with the
threads on the inner valve
stud, so that the valve
stud is loosened or
tightened to a metal valve
base.
Spoilers are used to
enhance aircraft resistance
in flight or to disrupt
boost during landing and
when take-off is canceled.
The sentence form should be
easy and direct, avoiding
discussion of theory except
when practical
understanding and
application are necessary.
When the required
maintenance procedure is
not lengthy and is
relatively simple, a
combination of the above
may be grouped under one
heading and called
maintenance practices.
This section must provide
the corresponding
structural inspection
procedures required for
each mandatory replacement
time , structural
inspection interval and
type qualification.
It includes the basic
rigging dimensions for
inspection of damaged
aircraft or aircraft is
undergoing major repairs.
These instructions are
necessary for towing the
aircraft under normal or
abnormal conditions, such
as from a wet or icy
surface on a soft ground
and when the engine is
removed or the aircraft is
damaged.
The swing nuts on both valves
engage with the threads on the
internal spool, allowing the spool A
to loosen or tighten to the metal
seat.
Spoilers are used to increase the
aircraft drag in flight, or C c
destroy the lift during landing
and in case of aborted take-off.
The form of a sentence should be
simple and direct, and the
discussion of theory should be A
omitted in addition to practical
understanding and application.
When the required maintenance
procedures are not very long and
comparatively simple, the above
B b
combinations can be bound under
one subject, calling maintenance
practices.
This section must set forth each
mandatory replacement time,
structural
inspection interval, and related C
structural inspection procedure
required for type certification.
Basic rigging dimensions for
inspection of damaged aircraft or
A a
aircraft experienced major repairs
should be included.
These instructions are necessary
to tow or push the aircraft in
normal or abnormal conditions such
as towing from soft ground and C
slippery or icy surfaces, with
engines removed, or aircraft
damaged.
The topic cover shall be The page topic shall be "Pilot's
"Pilot's Controlling
Managing Handbook" or "Pilot's
Manual" or "Pilot's
Managing Handbook and FAA A
Controlling Manual and FAA Authorized Airplane Flight
Accepted Airplane Flight
Manual".
Manual".

Before you use a word, read

its approved meaning in the Before you use a word, read its
meaning in the approved column of A a
definition column of the
the dictionary definition.
dictionary.

Always remember that the

Always remember that the primary
major function of STE is to
objective of STE is that readers
let readers comprehend C
every sentence they read immediately understand each
sentence that they read.
barely.

In technical texts, you can In technical texts, you can use

use abbreviations to make
sentences shorter and abstractions to make sentences B
shorter and easier to understand.
easier to read.

An symbolic-numeric
identifier is an assembly An alphanumeric identifier is a
of symbols and numbers. It combination
that
of letters and numbers
identifies something.
C
can identifies something.

According to the standard

Replaced broken clamp with practices and AMM, the damaged
a new clamp diminishing
rubbing at floor beam clamp at the body station 360 was
replaced to eliminate the friction C
cutout at body station 360
with reference to standard between the wire bundle and the
practices and AMM. cutout of the floor beam at this
place.

The mechanic removes the

The mechanic removed pulley and
cable rotor and examines inspected the surrounding area in
the adjacent area in C
detail. No other defects detail with no other defects
found.
are noted.

The right rear wheel well

Right wing inner flap control
right inner flap control
cable at control mechanism after
mechanism controls the A a
wrong alignment and is right wheel well is incorrectly
moved and twisted.
knotted.

Pilot reports trembling

Pilot reports on flight logbook
sound from left side of
page 908701 fluttering sound from
airplane during ascend at C
left side of airplane during
11000 feet on flight
logbook 908701 page. descend beginning at 11000 feet.

Overhaul of propellers and Overhaul of propellers must be

the shop must meet the data accomplished in a qualified shop C c
of the propeller in accordance with data supplied
manufacturer. by the propeller manufacturer.
Be sure that the variance
of the cabin pressure is
zero before you open the
door.
Make certain that the difference
of the compartment compression is A a
zero before you open the door.

You should use the To facilitate troubleshooting,

detecting and coding system repair of circuits, and
that can help to remove replacement of components, an C
faults, repair lines and identification and coding system
change the components. should be used.

Highlight or underline the Alerts, cautions and comments can

key points with alerts, be used to protrude or underline A
attentions and comments. the key points.
The form of the climb The format of the cruise
performance display is performance presentation is at the
decided by the aircraft discretion of the airplane C c
manufacturer. manufacturer.

The equipment list shall

include all necessary or
alternative equipment
installed on a particular
aircraft when delayed.
The equipment list shall contain
all required or optional equipment
C
installed in the particular
airplane when delivered.

NOTE: This test is to make CAUTION: This test is to make sure

sure that the flap position that the flap position indicating
A a
indicating system is in a system is in a zero condition.
zero condition.

Loosen the swivel nuts [10]

on reducer [7] and bypass
valve [8] on each end of
air pressure filter
assembly [1].
Loosen the cotter nuts [10] on
reducer [7] and bypass valve [8]
on each end of air pressure filter B b
assembly [1].

This configuration has

triple redundant data for This configuration has three rest
data for all the interface and air B
all the inertial and air
data functions. data functions.

The pneumatic system gets The pneumatic system gets

compressed air from the
comprised air from the pneumatic
pneumatic air sources and
air sources and supplies comprised A a
supplies the compressed air
the air through ducts to the user
through manifold to the systems.
user systems.

Make sure that the parts or Make sure that the parts or
surface layer are dry and surface lamination are dry and B b
free from contamination. free from contamination.
If the pressure reduces If the pressure drops radically,
gradually, the shear pins the alignment pin in the lock will A
in the lock will break. damages.
The fuel filter
differential pressure The EEC receives the analog signal
from the fuel filter differential C
sensor sends an modulated
pressure switch.
signal to the EEC.
Oil coming from the
scavenge system will supply The oil supply system will give
lubrication and cooling for lubrication and cooling for the A
the internal components of internal components of the engine.
the engine.

There are also internal Internal arrangement of wires

connections between the exist between the engine sump and B b
engine sumps and gearboxes. gearboxes.
The oil supply filter and Position the oil supply filter
the three chip detectors assembly and the three magnetic
B
are in the lubrication chip detectors in the lubrication
unit. unit.

The rate of the three-phase The frequency of the three-

voltage generated by the dimensional voltage produced by
generator is proportional the generator is changed with the A a
to the rotational speed of rotational speed of the generator
the generator rotor. rotor.

The waterless painting coat The dried spray coat may be sanded
may be worn with precise
with fine sandpaper to obtain a C c
abrasive paper for a
smoother surface. smoother finish.

The materials used in the

repair of laminate
Materials that are used for fixing
structures must preserve
the strength, weight, the layer structures must maintain
the intensity, weight, aerodynamic B b
aerodynamic or electrical properties of the
characteristics, or
electrical properties of original assembly.
the original assembly.

Urgency Lights that supply Ambulance Lights is used to supply

the lights when the major lights if the main electrical A a
electronic power fails is a sources malfunctions as an
separate subsystem. independent subsystem.

The manufacturer may

establish procedures to
provide feedback on
unairworthy conditions that
were discovered when
complying.
The manufacturer may create a
process to give feedback on B b
abnormal conditions when it's
conformed.

Each significant item in

Each important aspect of Airplane
Airplane Performance should
include conditions and Performance is the conditions and A a
specifications associated with the
instructions related to the
data.
data.

In general, it is mandatory In general, it is desired that the

for all manuals to be following chapter arrangements and
uniform and follow chapter breakdown be followed uniformly C
arrangements and breakdown and to the maximum extent
to the maximum extent. practicable in all manuals.
When a power source
services a single
component, or serves a
single functioning system,
that power source will be
included in the discussion
of the component or system
which it serves.
Each Chapter of the
procedure shall be prepared
in reference number order
with appropriate,
hierarchical headings. The
beginning of a new section
of the procedure does not
need to start a new page.
When the sequence of
actions affects safety, a
list of Safety Precautions
should be provided at the
beginning of an Emergency
Procedure Section.
The following antonyms are
used interchangeably
throughout this section and
they present the same
system and device partly.
If the hand lock pin on the
Halon fire flask is not
there, you must weight the
extinguisher to see if it
is full.
When move the alternate
switch to steer the nose
wheel to the alternate
position, the landing gear
transfer valve moves to the
alternate position. The
landing gear transfer valve
moves the pressure source
from hydraulic system A to
hydraulic system B duri
When a low flow or under
cooling condition occurs,
the low flow sensor
provides an alarm signal to
the cabin compartment for
alert.
When a power supply is a complete
component or single-function
system, the device it serves is A a
discussed separately from its own
component or system.
Procedures shall be prepared in
reference number sequence within
each Chapter with proper major and
C
minor subject heads, without the
necessity of each procedure
starting at the top of a new page.
The sequence of actions is
critical to flight safety, so a
safety checklist should be A
provided at the beginning of an
Emergency Procedure Section.
The following acronyms are used
interchangeably throughout this
section and they represent the C
same system and device
respectively.
If the handle lock pin on the
Halon extinguisher is not there,
C
you must weigh the extinguisher to
find if it is full.
When moving the alternate nose
wheel steering switch to the
alternate position, the landing
gear transfer valve moves to the
C
alternate position. The landing
gear transfer valve removes the
pressure source from the landing
gear retraction and the nose whe
When a low flow or not sufficient
cooling condition occurs, the low
flow sensor supplies an alarm C
signal to the flight compartment
for annunciation.
A three-axis accelerometer
gives accelerating data
with the vertical,
parallel, and longitudinal
axis. The flight data
recorder system sensors
send data and the position
of the flight surfaces and
controls to the FDAU.
A three-axis accelerometer gives
acceleration data along the
vertical, lateral, and
longitudinal axis. The flight data C
recorder system sensors send data
about the position of the flight
surfaces and controls to the FDAU.

If the pass or fail prompt

displayed on MAT is
Neglect the instruction on MAT,
inconsistency with the
whether the passing or failure A
prompt on the maintenance sign shown on the MAT or not.
page, please ignore the
prompt on MAT.

If tab dividers are not

used, a method of
An identification way should be
identification shall be offered to locate the system and
provided to permit easy B b
location of each System or chapter easily if the dividers are
Chapter. improper.

A reprint is a succeeding A reissue is a second or

or pursuant version of a subsequent edition of a manual
C c
manual that supersedes the which supersedes the preceding
former version. edition.

You should obey the warning Warning in an operation procedure,

in an operation procedure,
check, repair or
maintenance practice,
otherwise person injury or
death will happen.
inspection , repair or maintenance
practice should be followed
seriously, whereas may involve in A
personal injury , or loss of
life .

After the effective date of this

After this revision date,
revision, Pilot's Operating
FAA must approve a newly
Handbooks for newly manufactured C
produced aircraft's pilot's
airplanes must be FAA Approved
manual .
Airplane Flight Manuals.

Where the airspeed values

may be applicable to more
than one
configuration, the more
conservative IAS value
shall be used.
The more accurate IAS value should
be used where the airspeed values
B
are mandatory to less than one
configuration.

The function of that part

of the system is to The usage of the system portion is
decelerate or prevent the to accelerate or facilitate the A
deformation of ice on formation of ice on propellers.
propellers.

That portion of the system

The part of the system is
to keep the aircraft nose
on the ground.
supports the nose of the aircraft
C
while the aircraft is on the
ground.
Emergency lighting can
provide illumination for an
individual and independent
subsystem in case of main
electrical power failure.
Emergency lighting is the separate
and independent
subsystem used to provide C
illumination in case of primary
electrical power failure.

Emergency Exit is usually

Emergency Exit stands for the exit
used as exit whose function
is convenient for doors but not the exit which is A a
used to facilitate evacuation.
evacuation.

When delivering the

aircraft, the Maintenance
Manual is provided to the
buyer.
The Maintenance Manual is prepared
by the manufacturer before the B
aircraft is delivered.

Outside Air Temperature is

set to avoid instrument Due to instrument error and
error and compressibility compressibility
effects, Outside C
Air Temperature is modified.
effects.

EGT indicators constantly

monitor the lean fuel flow The
lean fuel flow mixtures are
induced by the EGT indicators to A
mixtures wherever the various powerplants.
thrust lever is.

That portion of the system

is used to de-ice all All airfoil surfaces are equipped
airfoil surfaces once ice with that portion of the system to B
stop ice formation.
is formed.

Use of cabin pressurization You shall follow the strict

during Takeoff, landing, or requirements when using cabin B
in flight has limitations pressurization during Takeoff,
that shall be observed. landing, or in flight.

The pressure transducer The pressure sensor has an

connects it to the Fuel electronical connector that
Mnagement System via connects it to the Fuel Mnagement A
electrical wire. System.

Correct punctuation is
important because it shows
how the different parts of
the text are related and to
prevent ambiguity.
Correct punctuation is important
because it shows how the different
B b
parts of the text are related and
to prevent ambitious.

The colon is not approved

in STE because it enable
you to write very long
sentences.
The semicolon is not approved in
STE because it lets you write very C
long sentences.

A dash is usually longer A minus symbol is usually longer

than a connection symbol
than a hyphen but it is sometimes
but it is sometimes shown A
shown as hyphen with a space on
as connection symbol with
each side.
empty on each side.
If cracks are detected
during this procedure, the
operator must do the repair
in some flight hours
depending on the crack
length.
If scratches are detected during
this procedure, the owner must do
B b
the repair in some flight hours
depending on the scratches length.

Chapter 6 instructions are

referred to how to park Referring to chapter 6 to park
the aircraft in bad weather A
the aircraft in bad weather
conditions.
conditions.

Make sure that the label Make sure that the tag is fully
fully attaches to the
engaged on the surface and no B b
surface and that there are
bubbles.
no bubbles.
Get medical aid immediately
If you get the solution in your
provided you get the eyes, get medical aid immediately. C
compound in your eyes .
In an emergency, you can In an emergency, fuel F-43 can be
replace fuels F-43 with used as an alternate to fuels F-34 A
fuels F-34 and F-40. and F-40.
Apply two layers of Two coats of sealing compound
protective compound to should be applied to prevent B
prevent hydraulic fluid hydraulic fluid damage from the
damage to the sealant. sealant.

If the wheel temperature The core of the filter element

increases to more than 177
deg., the core of the
fusible plug melts and the
tire deflates.
melts once the wheel temperature
is above 177 deg., causing the B
tire to deflate.

When using composite in You can not use sealant in

confined space, make sure enclosed space on condition that A a
it has good ventilation. there is no good ventilation.

Make sure probe heater

switches on the overhead
panel in flight deck are in
AUTO position and all the
heater lights illuminate.
Set probe heater switches on the
overhead panel in cockpit in AUTO
position so that all the heater B
lights come into view.

The holes on the bottom of

If contamination causes a blockage
the display unit should be
cleaned once over 50% of of more than 50 percent of the C
holes, then clean the holes on the
them are clogged due to
rear of the display units.
contamination.

When you turn the drain Make sure there is no fluid

valve counterclockwise, no flowing after the valve is pushed,
B
fluid will flow until you then turn the drain valve
push the valve in. clockwise.

Apply the first layer of First attach the tape to the

tape across the cutout and cutout, and attach the second and
B
the second and third layers third layers of tape
diagonally. perpendicularly .
Be sure to retract the
flaps and keep the rudder
trim handwheel in the
original position.
Make sure that the flaps are
retracted and the aileron trim C
handwheel is in the zero position.

The parts can be aligned

In order to correctly attach the
properly by applying force
parts, the patch surface should be A
on the surface of the
patch. compressed.

Divide the crosswind

component by the aircraft
speed to get the
correction.
Divide the aircraft speed by the
crosswind component to get the B
correction.

It is dangerous to remove
the cartridges from the
fire extinguisher bottle
except under these
conditions.
In these conditions, it is
dangerous to remove the cartridges C c
from the fire extinguisher bottle.

A system test should be It is necessary to do a system

conducted once you find an test after you find the air
A
abnormal airflow from the quality in the vent mast is
vent mast. improper.

Apply weight on the surface

of the patch to make sure To make sure the parts are engaged
that the parts bond properly, you should pressurize B
the plate surface.
correctly.

If possible, run the engine In order to verify the

on the ground to confirm instructions, engine run-up should A
that you get similar be possibly conducted on the
indications. ground.

To ensure foreign objects

do not get into the To keep the unwanted material away
connectors, you should from the receptacles, install A
plugs on them.
install caps.

If the aircraft must be

If you must park the aircraft on a
parked on the apron, put
the wooden blocks in front slope, make sure that wheel chocks
C
are in front of the wheels.
of the wheels.

In STE, there are different

rules for why to write
paragraphs for procedures
(Section 5) and for why to
write them for descriptive
text (Section 6).
How to write sentences for
programs (Section 5) and how to
write sentences for operative text A a
(Section 6) have different means
in STE.

When you replace a word,

always make sure that the
alternative you select does
not change the meaning of
the sentence.
When you exchange a word, always
ensure that the alternative you
B b
pick does not change the order of
the sentence.
STE is prepared to make
readers of English-language
documents know what they
read difficultly,
especially when these
readers are native English
speakers.
STE was developed to help the
readers of English-language
documentation understand what they
C
read, particularly when these
readers are non-native English
speakers.

In designing schematic
diagrams, it may be
In designing schematic diagrams,
necessary to comprehend two
it may be necessary to compromise
aspects: detection
necessary to make the two aspects: detail necessary to C
make the diagram self-explanatory;
diagram self-contained; And
And the simplicity essential for
the simplification
essential for ease of ease of reading and understanding.
reading and understanding.

Define signatures, short

words and jargon necessary
for understanding clearly
of the information
contained in every section
of the Handbook.
It is important to define signs,
acronyms and nomenclature for the
understanding of the information A a
provided in these sections of the
Handbook.

The fuselage includes skin,

frames, stringers, floor
beams, floor, tail cone,
and fuselage to wing and
empennage fillets, etc.
The fuselage includes skin, beams,
stringers, floor frames, floor, B
tail skid, and fuselage to wing
and rear fairings, etc.

The normal procedures check

list which should be in
concise, abbreviated form
is designed to tell pilots
of items to check without
providing details
concerning the operation of
any system.
The content of the emergency
procedures check list should be in
concise, abbreviated form and its
purpose is to remind flight A
attendants of items to check with
providing details concerning the
operation of any system.

Do a visual check of the

bolts which attach the
forward engine mount to the
fan frame for the correct
installation and damage.
Visually check the correct
installation and damage of the
B
forward engine mount to the fan
frame bolts.

Aircraft Certification
Directorate which is one of
Overseeing the Aircraft
the offices under the
Certification Directorate, and the
Associate Administrator is Washington Headquarters operations
responsible for overseeing
related to design, production, and
the Aircraft Certification A a
approval is the duty of Aircraft
Service, and the Washington
Certification Service that is
Headquarters operations among the offices under the
related to design,
Associate Administrator.
production, and
airworthiness
The section of the engine
which contains the
crankshaft, master and link
rod assemblies, cams, cam
drive gears, tappet
guides, rollers, carriers,
etc.
The power required to run
an engine, in flight, at
the lowest speed that will
ensure satisfactory engine
operation and airplane
handling characteristics.
Data shall be presented as
time, fuel and distance to
climb from sea level versus
outside air temperature,
altitude and weight.
Point out that the FAA
should be informed after
any modifications on
airplane to ensure that the
airworthiness of the
airplane is not effected .
Additional information or
instructions,such as You can find the following
"Report any cracks found to instructions here, for example "
this manufacturer”, are Report any scratches to the OEM".
contained here.
In this section, the pilot
can find the recommending
fuel saving information to
use during takeoff and
flight.
The "topic sentence" starts
to tell the readers the
topic of the paragraph in
STE.
Find the fueling valve
switch for the tank that
you are scheduled to
transfer.
The manufacturer shall
provide an equipment list
in this Section, in a
separate document appended
to the Handbook, or as a
separate document.
The section of the engine which
contains the crankshaft, master
and manifold assemblies, cams, cam B
drive gears, tappet guides,
rollers, carriers, etc.
The power required to run an
engine, in flight, at the lowest
speed that will ensure correct B
engine operation and airplane
handling characteristics.
Data shall be presented as time,
fuel and distance to lift from sea
level to outside air temperature, B
altitude and weight.
Point out that any modifications
on airplane may be informed to FAA
A
to confirm the airworthiness of
the airplane.
B
The recommended fuel conservation
information shall be integrated
into this section to show the C c
pilot how to minimize the fuel
usage during the operation of the
airplane.
In STE, a paragraph starts with a
“topic sentence” which tells the
C c
reader what the topic of that
paragraph is.
Find the fueling valve switch for
the tank that need to transfer A
fuel.
Being a separate appendix of the
Handbook or as a separate
document, the manufacturer shall B
provide a list of equipment of
this Section.
When making this
Specification, we use the
exact identical
construction rules with FAA
in making its
specifications.
If the airframe
manufacturer changes the
component manufacturer's
text or illustration in any
way, he shall apply his own
masthead.
The units and components
which reserve, adjust, and
transfer oxygen to the
passengers and pilots
include oxygen bottles,
relief valves, shut-off
valves, outlets,
regulators, masks, etc.
If the same page contains
examples, associated
conditions and techniques,
you need to include all the
necessary information, it
is forbidden to use the
page that the figure faces.
For the unscheduled
maintenance checks and
inspections of aircraft,
aircraft systems and
components, the
manufacturer shall not
include special or unusual
conditions from the time
limits specified in -10.
Items not previously
considered for inclusion in
the CAP may be uncovered
through operator
inspections. These items
will be evaluated by ABC.
The rules of construction followed
in the preparation of this
Specification are the same as C
generally used by the FAA in the
preparation of its rules.
If the airframe manufacturer
changes the component
manufacturer's text or B b
illustration in one way, he shall
modify his own masthead.
The units and components to store,
adjust, and transfer oxygen to the
passengers and crew include oxygen
A a
bottles, release valves, shut-off
valves, outlets, regulators,
masks, etc.
Where possible, examples,
associated conditions and
technique should be presented on
the same page as the chart. If
space is not enough to include the C
necessary information, then the
page facing the chart should be
used.
If the unscheduled maintenance
checks and inspections on the
aircraft, its systems and units
are special or unusual conditions, A a
the time limits specified in -10
shall be referred to by the
manufacturer's.
Through operation inspection, ABC
will evaluate the items uncovered
B b
in the CAP previously and provide
the result to the operators.
Through a continuing
airworthiness process,
virtually every component
comprising an airplane is
involved in some form of
preservation,inspection,pre
ventative
maintenance,overhaul,
repair, and/or
replacement activity.
Upon design and approval,
the establishment of
complex maintenance
procedures is a must. This
procedure must provide a
clear, precise language to
those who need it.
Make sure the text is not
abstract and that it
clearly shows how to do a
task or how a system
operates. Be specific. Do
not give vague, general
information.
When related device is in
operation and if
annunciator panel TRANSIT
light comes on, so this
light does not work.
If the door test stop or
the masking tape is not
installed, the doors of the
PSU oxygen box will open
and the oxygen mask will
remain in the original
position.
Design approvals by a DER
that are outside his normal
authorization may only be
authorized by the cognizant
ACO on a case by case
basis.
The manufacturer shall
include a description of
the type service
information issued by the
manufacturer and the office
or department to contact to
obtain such information
so that the aircraft may
be maintained in accordance
with the latest informatio
Through a continuing
airworthiness process,
substantially every component of
an airplane is excluded in some
type of B b
preservation,inspection,preventati
ve maintenance,
overhaul,repair, and/or
replacement activity.
Once designed and approved, the
establishment of thorough
maintenance procedures is a must.
C
This procedure must be available
in clear, concise language to
those who need it.
Make sure the text is not so
theoretical that it clearly shows
how to do a task or how a system B b
operates. Be concrete. Do not give
unclear, general information.
The light is considered to be
available if the annunciator panel
TRANSIT light goes off when the A a
related device is in motion.
The PSU oxygen box doors will open
and the oxygen masks will go out
of the oxygen boxes during the
C
functional test if you do not
install the door test stop or the
masking tape.
The familiar ACO can approve each
designation approval one one one
according to condition if B
designation approval by a DER is
outside his normal range.
The factory shall include a
description of the type service
information issued by the
manufacturer and the office or B
department to contact to obtain
such information so that the
aircraft may be maintained related
to the latest information.
The recommended fuel
conservation procedures
shall contain a caution, if
applicable, that the power
settings recommended by the
manufacturer must be used
during the break-in period
of new and newly overhauled
engines.
Pavement requirements for
the one aircraft are
derived from the static
analysis of
loads imposed on the main
landing gear struts.
Those stationary and
portable devices and
components find and show
fire or smoke, and store
and release fire
extinguishing agent to all
aircraft protected areas.
Those manufacturers
recommended time limits for
inspections, maintenance
and overhaul of the
aircraft, its systems and
units, and life of parts,
as applicable.
The Check List may also
contain supplemental
information pertinent to
the operation of the
airplane, such as
performance data, optional
equipment operation, etc.,
that the pilot might
routinely use.
instruments are delicate
precision devices and
calibrited used to
measuring electrical .All
instruments should be
continuously checked for
correct by the manufacturer
or by some shop autherized
by manufacturer.
To work with electrical
cable, vattmeter,
amperemetres and ohm meters
are helpful tools.
The receptable fuel conservation
procedures shall contain a
caution, if applicable, that the
power settings recommended by the B b
manufacturer must be used during
the management period of new and
newly overhauled engines.
Pavement requirements for the
particular aircraft are derived
from the static analysis of C
loads imposed on the main landing
gear struts.
Those fixed and portable units and
assemblies monitor and warn fire
or smoke, and then reserve and A
distribute extinguishant to all
protected areas of the aircraft.
Those manufacturers gave time
restrictions to inspect, repair
and maintenance the aircraft, its
B b
systems and units, and according
to the situation they gave the
life of parts .
The Check List may also cover
extra information that the pilot
might daily use and is decisive to B
the control of the airplane, such
as performance data, alternate
equipment operation, etc.
Electrical measuring instruments
are delicate precision devices and
calibrited.All instruments should
be periodically checked for C
accuracy by the manufacturer or by
some shop approved by
manufacturer.
In order to work with electrical
circuit, we need tools
C c
specifically voltmeter,
amperemetres and ohm meters.
A servo system is a device
that has the ability to
carry out an order and give
a response to orders. It
can finish five basic
requirements.
The Abnormal Procedures
Section shall include a
checklist as the attachment
indicating the sequence of
operations when safety is
critical.
This section of the Pilot's
Operating Handbook shall
include only those
restrictions required by
the regulations and those
restrictions issued by the
regulatory authority to
ensure the safe operation
of the airplane.
This Handbook includes
materials that the
manufacturer needs to
provide to the pilot, as
well as additional
information required by the
Federal Aviation
Administration. Together,
these data form the flight
manual for FAA approved
airplane.
In some cases, if the data
shows that the number of
flight hours of fatigue
problems occurring is
greater than initially
predicted, it is possible
to extend the duration of
inspection.
Outside air temperature is
the free air static
temperature, acquired
either from inflight
temperature indications or
ground geological sources,
modified by instrument
error and compression
effects.
A servo system is a device that
has the ability to respond to and
carry out an order which must be C
able to fufill five basic
requirements.
The Abnormal Procedures Section
shall include, at the beginning, a
check list with regard to order of C c
action when sequence is essential
to safety.
This section of the Pilot's
Operating Handbook shall contain
the regulatory requirements
approved by the authorities and A
publish the necessary restrictions
only for the safe operation of the
airplane.
This handbook includes the
material required to be furnished
to the pilot by the federal
aviation regulations and C
additional information provided by
the manufacturer and constitutes
the FAA approved airplane flight
manual.
In some cases, if the data
suggests that the fatigue problem
initially emerges at more flight
A
hours than originally predicted,
lengthening of inspection
intervals is compulsory.
Outside air temperature is the
free air static temperature,
derived either from inflight
temperature indicators or ground A
methodological sources, modulating
instrument error and
compressibility effects.
The operator is responsible
for ensuring that all
airworthiness directives
are observed and that the
handling, servicing and
maintenance of the airplane
is done when required and
in accordance with the
Federal Aviation
Regulations.
Outdoor Air Temperature is
the dynamic temperature of
free air, obtained from
flight temperature
indications or ground
meteorological sources and
adjusted for instrumental
error and compressibility
effects.
Propeller governor is the
device that regulates the
rpm of the engine or
propeller by increasing or
decreasing the propeller
pitch, through a pitch
change mechanism in the
propeller hub.
In order to understand and
use the information in the
manual clearly, give the
definition to the symbols,
abbreviations and terms
which are necessary.
A general description of
the system begins with each
Chapter or Section and its
operation and should be
labeled “Description and
Operation”.
The Continuing
Airworthiness Program
Inspection number is also
displayed at the bottom of
the page and is the CAP
section number.
The operator has the duty ensuring
that all airworthiness directives
are compiled with and that the
handling, servicing and
B
maintenance of the airplane is
performed when needed and in
accordance with the Feudal
Aviation Regulations.
Outdoor Air Temperature is free
air stagnation temperature, from
flight temperature indicating or
ground meteorological resource, A a
and according to the instrument
error and compressibility effects
to adjust.
Propeller governor is through the
propeller hub of the propeller
pitch changing machine, adjusts
the speed of the propeller or B b
engine by increasing or decreasing
the propeller gap.
For clear understanding and
accurate information about the use
of each part of the manual, define A
the necessary symbols,
abbreviations and terms.
Each Chapter or Section is to
start with a general description
of the system and its operation C
and should be labeled
“Description and Operation”.
The Continuing Airworthiness
Program Inspection Code is also
showed under the page and is the B b
CAP item number.
The Specification provides
flexibility in Handbook
preparation based on the
complicacy of the airplane,
but ignoring a high degree
of standardization of
structure, definitions, and
performance information.
Many readers have a limited
knowledge of English.
Complex sentence structure
and the large number of
meanings and synonyms that
many English words have can
cause confusion.
For line maintenance
organization located
outside the Community
territory, the certified
staff may be qualified in
accordance with the
national aviation
regulations of the State in
which the line station is
based.
You have the right to
reproduce or publish this
document or any subsequent
modification or revision
thereof, in whole or in
part, free of charge.
In a descriptive article,
provide the information in
steps and make sure that
each statement covers only
one point. If you provide
too much outdated
information, your article
will become difficult to
read, which will force the
reader to do it again.
The main gear doors are
hydraulically sequenced to
remain open while the gear
is extending or retracting.
Indicators are systems used
to display air temperature,
pressure, control position,
etc. It includes switches,
thermometers and other
components.
The Specification provides
uniformity in Handbook preparation
based on the simplicity of the
airplane while retaining a high A
degree of standardization of
arrangement, definitions, and
performance information.
Many readers have a little
knowledge of English. Complex
sentence structure and the large B
number of meanings and homonyms
that many English words have can
cause frustration.
For maintenance organization whose
line station is located outside
the Community territory, the
C
releasing staff may be audited in
accordance with the aviation
regulations of the its State.
You have the right to recopy or
publish this document or any
substantial alternation or B
revision thereof, in whole or in
part, free of charge.
In a descriptive essay, present
information in an orderly manner
and ensure that each sentence
contains only one meaning. If you
A a
give too much information, your
essay will be difficult to
understand and the reader will
need to look through it again.
The main gear doors are
automatically sequenced to remain B
open while the gear is extending
or retracting.
Indication system is used to
indicate atmospheric temperature,
pressure, control position, etc. A
It includes crossfeeding system,
thermometer and other components.
The turbine turning through
a reduction gear, applies a
torque to the HP shaft,
thus driving the engine and
the aircraft components.
For dispatch with the
ground preconditioned air
connection check valve
inoperative in the open
position, do these steps.
Hoist the outflow valve
trigger switch in the OPEN
position until the outflow
valve position indicator
shows FULL OPEN.
Atmosphere conditions which
include large too cold
water drip, ice rain or a
mixed conditions, may
deviate the FAR
specifications and the
ability of the qualified
anti-ice system.
Listing the repair or
modification directions may
contrast to the repair
rules of another document
or especial repairs or
modifications defined
elsewhere (e.g., service
kits, service
annunciations, etc.).
The cooler lowers the air
temperature to the boiling
point in the air
conditioning module, which
can transfer the steam into
water.
Principle charts can be
intended to show "flow" and
explain the operation of
systems as well as air
control, electrical,
hydraulic power, fuel and
turbine systems.
The turbine turning through a
reduction gear, applies a torque
to the HP shaft, thus driving the C
engine and the aircraft
accessories.
For release with the ground
reconditioned air connection check
B b
valve inoperative in the open
position, do these steps.
Hold the outflow valve toggle
switch in the OPEN position until
C
the outflow valve position
indicator shows FULL OPEN.
The atmospheric conditions except
for large overcold water drops,
frozen rain or the combination
A a
condition, may exceed the FAR data
and the verified anti-ice system
capability.
Set forth repair or modification
instructions and may refer to a
standard repair in another
document or a special repair or C c
modification defined elsewhere,
such as in a service kit, service
bulletin, etc.
The evaporator turns steam into
liquid by reducing the temperature
A
of the air in the air conditioning
pack to the evaporating point.
Schematic diagrams can be employed
to show "flow" and to explain the
operation of systems along with A a
air control, electrical, fluid
power, fuel and turbosystems.
Functional test is that
procedure required to
ascertain that a system or
unit is functioning in all
aspects in accordance with
minimum acceptable system
or unit design
specifications.
The cleaning / paint
section shall provide
information unrelated to
the material and procedure
required to clean and paint
one or more areas, and
include the safety
precautions required to
protect personnel and
material.
The hydraulic power
transfer unit system is
provide spare hydraulic
pressure to the leading
edge flaps and slats when
hydraulic system B engine-
driven pump pressure is
abnormal.
Flame cleaners make sure
over hot air does not enter
the fuel vent system. A
blogged flame cleaners
force the pressure relief
valve in the surge tank to
open. When open, the
pressure relief valve
becomes another vent for
the fuel vent system.
When a low flow or not
sufficient cooling
condition occurs, the low
flow sensor supplies an
alarm signal to the flight
compartment for
annunciation.
Functional testing is the
procedure requested to determine
that a system or component
B
operates in all respects according
to the minimum unsanctioned system
or component design specification.
The cleaning/painting portion
shall provide information as to
material and procedure necessary
to clean and paint an area or C c
areas, and contain safety
precautions necessary to protect
personnel and material.
The hydraulic power transfer unit
system supplies alternate
hydraulic pressure to the leading C
edge flaps and slats when
hydraulic system B engine-driven
pump pressure is below normal.
Flame erasers make sure excessive
hot air do not enter the fuel vent
system. A condensed flame erasers
causes the pressure relief valve
in the surge tank open. When open, A
the pressure relief valve becomes
a vent for another fuel vent
system.
When a low flow or insufficient
cooling condition occurs, the low
flow sensor applies a alarm signal B
to the flight compartment for
caution.
This handbook includes the
material required to be
furnished to the pilot by
the Federal Aviation
Regulations and additional
information provided by the
manufacturer and
constitutes the FAA
approved airplane flight
manual.
It is a law of physics that
energy is never produced or
destroyed. It just changes
from one type of energy
into another type. In our
example the kinetic energy
changes into heat energy
during braking.
Suggest to use vanadium
plated corrosion resistant
steel or vanadium plated
steel fittings as
alternatives for aluminum
fittings in the high
pressure and normal brake
return systems between the
antiskid module and parking
brake module.
Procedures shall be
provided for all airplanes
for all cases of engine
failure, including
intermittent failure,
during roll out and in
flight.
Procedures shall be
provided for starting the
engine in flight and, in
the event the engine does
not start, for subsequent.
Procedures shall be
provided for accompany with
cases of smoke and/or fire
in the cabin or from an
engine in the following
flight sectors.
This manual consists of the
material required to be supplied
to the pilot by the Federal
Aviation Regulations and excessive
B
information provided by the
manufacturer and to form the
approval of FAA airplane flight
manual.
Energy is never produced or lost,
it's a physical law that it just
transfers from one kind of energy
B
to another and in our case, moving
energy turns into heat energy when
braking.
It is recommended that cadmium
plated corrosion resistant steel
or cadmium plated steel fittings
be used as replacements for
C
aluminum fittings in the high
pressure and normal brake return
systems between the antiskid
module and parking brake module.
Procedures shall be provided for
all airplanes for all cases of
engine flame out, including parts A a
failure, during takeoff and in
flight.
Procedures shall be provided for
starting the engine in flight and,
B
for instance the engine does not
start, for preceding.
Procedures shall be provided for
coping with cases of smoke and/or
fire in the cabin or from an C
engine in the following flight
phases.
The warning information
that contains operational
check, inspection, repair
or maintenance tasks shall
be properly followed, or
injury to persons or loss
of life can be caused.
Sentence forms shall be
simple and direct, avoiding
the obvious and the
elementary, and omitting
discussions of theory
except where essential for
practical understanding and
application.
Solenoid valves indicated
on the schematic shall have
a notation indicating when
the valve shall be spring-
loaded to the open or
closed position.
In general, when describing
the aircraft or its system,
you should use third person
such as there is shimmy
damper on the nose wheel in
order to prevent the wheel
shimmying and rolling on
the ground.
The paragraph gives the
weight and moments for
calculating all kinds of
phases of a planned flight
and procedures for ensuring
that center of gravity is
within authorized limits.
Explain how to maintain
this record when changes to
the weight or moments of
the airplane are made so
that accurate starting data
is available to calculate
the weight and c. g. during
normal operation of the
airplane.
If the pressure is not in If the pressure is not in the
the given limits, pressure
the cylinder of the door given limits, pressurize the
accumulator of the door damper.
damper.
Warning information contains
operating procedure, inspection,
repair or maintenance practice A
that will cause injury to persons
or loss of life.
Sentence forms shall be simple and
direct so as to avoid the obvious
and the elementary, and to omit B
discussions of theory except where
essential for practical
understanding and application.
Solenoid valves shall be indicated
on the schematic and shall include
a notation indicating whether the C
valve is spring-loaded to the open
or closed position.
Generally speaking, third person
should be used while describing
the aircraft or their system. For
example: the nose wheel is A a
available on the shimmy damper so
as to shimmy or roll on the
ground.
This paragraph describes the
procedures to calculate weight and
moment for various phases of a C
planned flight and to ensure that
the center of gravity is within
approved limits.
In order to get correct starting
data during abnormal operation of
the airplane, the weight and c. g.
should be calculated and explain B b
how to keep this record when there
are changes to the weight or
moments of airplane.
C c
Do the Outside Air
Temperature and the
temperature in the cabin
with a barometer.
The tank absorbing system
lets the air in or out of
the fuel tanks as
necessary.
The schematic diagram must
be of sufficient size that
legends, symbols, devices,
codes, etc., are readable
by persons with normal
vision. Turn-page schematic
diagrams shall be avoided
to the extent practical.
If a symbol or device has
been set up to a valve or
control, the equipment type
will be referred to as this
symbol or device throughout
the manual. The legend
block in the diagram
displays or identifies
symbols or device.
AIRBORNE AUXILIARY POWER
UNITS are those units
(engines) that are
suspended on the aircraft
for bringing and providing
power in a single manner or
combination of auxiliary
electrical, hydraulic,
pneumatic, or other power.
During the approach to the
runway, deviation pointers
in the course indicators
show the pilot in which
direction the aircraft must
go.
It sets forth manufacturer
recommended retirement
times for parts or
assemblies (using hours,
cycles or another
appropriate determinant)
and FAA required retirement
(removal from service)
times for life limited
parts or assemblies.
Measure the Surrounding Air
Temperature and the temperature in A
the cockpit with a thermometer.
The tank venting system lets the
air in or out of the fuel tanks as C
necessary.
The schematics, symbols, devices,
codes, etc. must be legible, so
people with normal vision should B
avoid turning the schematic pages
as much as possible.
If a symbol or design is specified
for a valve or control, this type
of device is used throughout the
section of the manual. The symbols A a
used can be found and identified
in the legend block of the
schematic.
AIRBORNE AUXILIARY POWER UNITS are
those airborne power plants
(engines) which are installed on
the aircraft for the purpose of C c
generating and supplying a single
type or combination of auxiliary
electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or
other power.
In the approaching process,
deviation pointers in the flight
B
path deviation indicator show the
pilot how to control the aircraft.
It sets forth retirement times for
parts or assemblies (using hours,
loops or another appropriate
determinant) established by the
B
manufacturer and retirement
(removal from service) times for
life limited parts or assemblies
required by FAA.
A certificated pilot who
owns or operates an
airplane that is not
airworthy can perform
limited predictive
maintenance on his airplane
authorized by FAR Part 43.
The MMEL should be in the
form of annunciator,
maintenance procedures,
crew operating procedures
to illustrate applicable
limitations and other rules
necessary to verify an
acceptable level of safety.
In order to properly level
the aircraft when
performing repair, overhaul
or major repairs during the
life of the aircraft, this
chapter should provide all
considered information by
manufacturer.
The corrective action
prescribed by the AD, such
as an inspection, repair,
or modification, may be
detailed in the AD itself
or may be contained in
another document, such as
manufacturer's Service
Bulletin, which is
referenced in the AD.
A press regulator, air
ducts, and a proper
filtration system form the
compressor, which surely
delivers clean, dry, oily
air to the spray nozzle.
Nevertheless, each
manufacturer is expected to
follow the same sequence of
basic system and subject
arrangements even though
some systems may be omitted
when not applicable.
A licensed pilot authorized by FAR
Part 43 who owns or operates an
airplane not used to operate can A a
perform time-limited maintenance
on his airplane.
The MEL should cover suitable
limitations which are shown in
palcards, maintenance procedures, A a
crew operating procedures, and
other rules to verify an
acceptable level of safety.
This chapter shall provide that
information considered necessary
by the manufacturer to properly
level the aircraft for any of the
C
various maintenance, overhaul or
major repairs which might become
necessary during the life of the
aircraft.
AD details the requirements for
inspection, repair or modification
described in corrective action, or
it may be contained in another A
document, such as Service Bulletin
referenced in AD.
For the compressor that ensures
clean, dry, oilless air is
delivered to the injector, it is
necessary to be equipped with a A a
pressurization regulator, air
pipes, and an adequate filter
system.
Even so, all manufacturers are
expected to submit to the same
arrangements of main systems and
B
subject sequences even though
certain systems would be ignored
when not applicable.
All aircraft engines must
meet certain overall
efficiency, economy and
reliability requirements,
which require the ignition
system should provide
ignition pulses at
appropriate times under
meteorological and other
unfavorable conditions.
Accelerated stop distance
refers to the distance
required to promote an
aircraft to a stipulated
speed, assuming that engine
failed occurs at that speed
and the aircraft stops
flying.
This handbook includes the
material required to be
furnished to the pilot by
the Federal Aviation
Regulations and additional
information provided by the
manufacturer and
constitutes the FAA
approved airplane flight
manual.
The Continuous
Airworthiness Program
Inspection Documents
prepared by the
manufacturers of the
aircraft ,engine and
component was guided by the
General Aviation
Manufacturers Association.
Listing possible causes of
each trouble is the first
step to show what sections
of the system may be
failure.
It is possible to mix
approved engine oils. But
we recommend that you use
the same approved oil from
the same manufacturer.
All aircraft engines must meet
certain general requirements of
reliability, economic and
efficiency, which dictates the use
A
of ignition systems that deliver
the firing impulse to the spark
plugs in all kinds of weather and
under other adverse conditions.
Accelerating stop distance is
defined as the distance requiring
to speed up an aircraft to a
A
specific speed, assuming that
engine failed at that speed and
the aircraft stops flying.
Federal Aviation Regulations
require the manual to furnish the
material required to the pilot and
additional information provided to B
the manufacturer and consists of
the FAA approved airplane flight
manual.
This specification was developed
by the General Aviation
Manufacturers Association as
guidance for airplanes, engine and C c
component manufacturers in
preparing Continuing Airworthiness
Program Inspection Documents .
The first step in listing which
parts of the system are likely to
A
fail is to show the possible
causes of each failure.
It is possible to mix engine oils
authorized by the same
manufacturer. But we suggest you B
use the same oils authorized by
the engineers.
In the turbofan engine
repair manual this section
would include such topics
as disassembly, cleaning,
checking, accessory,
adjusting , etc.
If an engine overheat/fire
detector fails to operate,
the engine and APU fire
detection module
automatically changes to
single loop operation. In
the single loop mode, only
one loop must detect an
overheat or fire condition
for the engine and APU fire
det
The smoke sensor in each
detector monitors for smoke
density above a preset
limit. If the density stays
above the limit for
appropriately eight
seconds, the sensor sets
the detector to the alarm
condition.
For the indications and
test of the wing/body
overheat system, 115v ac
power must be ON. When you
install an element, do not
bend the element until the
bend radius is less than
one inch. If the bend
radius is less than one
inch, damage to the element
can
Explain how to maintain
this record when changes to
the weight or moments of
the airplane are made so
that accurate starting data
is available to calculate
the weight and center of
gravity during normal
operation of the airplane.
In the turbofan engine overhaul
manual this section would include
such subjects as teardown, C c
cleaning, inspection, assembly,
testing , etc.
If an engine overheat/fire
detector is inoperative, the
engine and APU fire detection
module automatically changes to
single loop operation. In the B b
single loop mode, only one loop
must detect an overheat or fire
condition by the engine and APU
fire detect
The smoke transducer monitors for
smoke density above a presumed
limit of each detector. If the
density remains over the limit B b
about eight seconds, the
transducer turn the detector to
the alarm condition.
115v dc power must be supplied for
the indications and test of the
wing/body overheat system. When
you install an element, do not B
bend the element radius less than
one inch. If you bend the radius
less than one inch, damage to the
element can occur.
When the changes to the mass or
momentum occur, show the way to
hold this record to get the B
beginning information easily to
compute the mass and gravity core.
Procedures shall be sorted
in priority order of the
reference number in each
chapter. They have
appropriate main and
subordinate topic headings
and the beginning do not
need to exceed the top of a
new page.
Therefore, those hoping to
obtain information about
the fuel system
instructions section of the
repair manual or circuit
diagram manual for both
large and small aircraft
may correspond to the
label, chapter 28, Fuel.
The aircraft navigation
systems provide the crew
with the data required for
flight within the most
provisional safety
requirements.
These requirements present
the various minimum
cleaning, handling,
storage, and packaging
requirements for achieving
and maintaining product
item and system cleanliness
to ensure the necessary
product feasibility.
Direct Damage is defined as
follows: 1) Metallic
surfaces are burned,
combined or show signs of
metal corrosion. 2) Non-
metallic surfaces are
burned, punctured or
contaminated.
The main oil/fuel heat
exchanger uses fuel from
the low pressure fuel pump
to decrease the temperature
of the scavenge oil.
When you reconnect the oil
tube from the anti-leakage
valve to the lubrication
unit, the anti-leakage
valve stops oil leakage.
Procedures shall be prepared in
reference number sequence within
each chapter with proper major and
C
minor subject heads, without the
necessity of each procedure
starting at the top of a new page.
As a result, regardless of the
aircraft type (large or small),
the person who wants to get
display section information of the A a
fuel system in the servicing
manual or line diagram manual may
search the tag, chapter 28, Fuel.
The aircraft navigation systems
provide the crew with the data
required for flight within the C c
most appropriate safety
requirements.
These requirements present the
various minimum cleaning,
handling, storage, and transport
requirements for achieving and B
maintaining product item and
system cleanliness to ensure the
necessary product integrity.
Direct Damage is defined as
follows: 1) Metallic surfaces
are burned, synthesised or show
A a
signs of metal distortion. 2)
Non-metallic surfaces are burned,
cut or delaminated.
The main oil/fuel heat exchanger
sends fuel from the low pressure
fuel pump to the scavenge oil B
lines to decrease the oil
temperature.
When you discharge the oil tube
from the anti-leakage valve to the
A
lubrication unit, the anti-leakage
valve protects oil leakage.
Some unapproved words in The dictionary shall include the
this dictionary can be seen
unapproved words that can be put
as technical words if they
in the appropriate technical name A
have been classified into category and count as technical
the technical name
name.
category.

Aluminum line should not be

connected to attachments
Aluminum cable should not be
which are mounted on the
linked to accessories installed on
engine and also not be the engine. It should also not be
applied in domains where
corrosive gases, serious used in the event of corrosive A a
fumes, serious vibration, mechanic
oscillation, mechanical
forces exist or where it is loads or the place where frequent
disconnections are required.
necessary to disconnect
frequently.

An inner fault of this kind

of switch may keep the An interior loss which occurs in
switch clogged despite the this type of switch, may stay A
knob or pushbutton closed in spite of the OFF
returning to the OFF position of the knob or button.
position.

To avoid edge effects on The detector should be removed

vibration paths which give
a test reading that may be
misinterpreted, the test
probe should be moved so
that the inspection path
follows the surface edge,
giving a constant edge for
the test probe to inspect.
along the inspection route which
follows the surface edge to
provide an immobile edge to
B b
detect, so as to avoid the effects
on vibration route edge which may
lead to the misunderstanding of
the test reading.

Alternative equipment can Different equipment may be

be listed under the same
item number. Multiple
identical components
installed in different
locations of the aircraft
should be listed uniformly.
substituted for each other and
listed under the same item number.
A
Multiple identical units installed
on different aircraft should be
listed individually.

To reserve 45 minutes for

the flight at cruising
power is calculated. The
calculation method of
reserves should provide
additional diagrams and
related instructions.
Reserve shall be computed as 45
minutes at the cruise power to be
used for the flight. The
C c
explanation information presented
with the chart should explain how
the reserve was computed.
Calibrated Airspeed means
Calibrated Airspeed is the speed
the indicated speed of an of the aircraft shown on the
aircraft, corrected for
instrument after error correction.
position and instrument
The calibrated airspeed is the B
error. Calibrated airspeed flight altitude and speed of a
is equal to true airspeed
real aircraft under normal
in standard atmosphere at
atmospheric pressure.
sea level.

The ACOs have been

authorized by statute to
The ACOs have dedicated certain
delegate certain inspection
inspection and certification
and certification
responsibilities to Designated
responsibilities to Engineering Representatives(DERs) B a
Designated Engineering
as per the Act, the DERs are not
Representatives(DERs), who
employees of the FAA, but some
are properly qualified qualified personnel agreed by FAA.
private persons not
employed by the FAA.

All of the vertical primary

mount struts at the top are
adjustable. However,
adjustments to the primary
mount struts are not
required unless a strut is
repaired or replaced. The
redundant vertical strut
(forward left) and the
redundant side strut
(forward
The top of every vertical main
retaining struts is adjustable.
However, adjusting the main mount
strut is not allowed if the strut
B
is not repaired or replaced.
During APU replacement, it may be
necessary to adjust remained
vertical strut (left anterior) a

The petitioner for an

exemption must include The applicant for an exemption
reasons why safety would
not be adversely affected permit must state the reasons why
safety will not be affected by the
if the exemption is
granted approval, or must take
granted, or must explain B
the action to be taken by measures
to ensure that the level
of safety provided is consistent
the petitioner to provide a
level of safety equal to with the requirements of the
that provided by the rule regulations seeking exemptio
from whic

It will lead to repeat the

test process when you obey
the regulations in some
cases, it is barely to be
accepted.
It is understood that follow the
above regulations may cause
A
repeating in the test procedures ,
although it is allowable.
The index for maintenance
manuals shall be compatible
with the basic standard
breakdown of Section 20.
However, manufacturers may
omit system or chapters
that are not applicable to
the product or combine
system or chapters where it
is feasible.
This information applies to
subsystems of the system
when the topic number (28-
20-00) following the
section or subsystem part
number is zero.
A Type Certificate will not
be issued for the aircraft
if that aircraft meets all
the requirements of
Airworthiness Standards and
special conditions which
are applicable to it.
Airplane structure manual
or section should consist
of at least the following
information: data of the
airplane and its systems
and installations excluding
its engines, propellers and
appliances.
The Strategic Action Plan
is designed to work within
the framework of the
convention to ensure that
ICAO responds to the major
challenges for civil
aviation in the coming
years and meets the need of
all its Member States.
The Federal Aviation
Regulations require the
compliance with certain
standards for an airframe
and engine combination if
they use 'maximum
continuous power' during
certification.
The basic standard category of
Part 20 must conform to the index
of the maintenance manual.
However, manufacturers may elide
B
systems or sections that are not
applied to their products, or
incorporate systems or sections
where applicable.
This information is suitable to
subsystems in the system when the
topic unit number (28-20-00) is A a
followed by the section or
subsystem unit number with zeros.
The aircraft will get a
Supplemental Type Certificate only
if the aircraft accords with all A
the applicable Airworthiness
Standards and special conditions.
Airplane maintenance manual or
section, which includes at least
the following information: a
description of the airplane and C
its systems and installations
including its engines, propellers
and appliances.
The aim of the Strategic Action
Plan is to implement within the
scope of the convention to make
sure that ICAO flinches from B
challenges for civil aviation in
the coming era and meets the
requirements of its Member States.
The use of ‘maximum continuous
power’ and the compliance with
certain certification standards A a
are required by the Federal
Aviation Regulations.
The temperature gradient
from sea level to the
altitude at which the
temperature is -56.5°C is
- 0.00198°C per foot and
zero above that altitude.
All types of general
aviation airplanes and
components are certified by
the applicable Federal
Aviation Regulations which
require the preparation of
Continuing Airworthiness
Programs.
The autopilot has been out
of its roll authority limit The
authority
due to an airplane roll or roll or yawlimit due to an airplane
yaw symmetry.
A wing anti-ice L VALVE
OPEN or R VALVE OPEN light
stays illuminated bright
blue. The wing anti-ice
valve is not in the
commanded position.
With both busses power off,
APU start attempts is
recommended above 25000
feet and only one start
could be accepted below
25,000 feet.
It is important to assemble
the parts in a correct
order during a repair which
makes sure all parts
correctly aligned.
A system is a combination A system is combined with relevant
of interrelated components components that perform a specific
arranged to perform a
function.
specific function.
Basic components and all
apparatus are made up of
each system, including
mechanical controls and
electrical and hydraulic
units related sytem.
If the rod end bearing wear
is greater than 0.010 inch
in radial play, reject it
within next 10 flight
cycles or 25 flight hours
whichever comes first.
The temperature drops 0.00198°C
per foot from sea level to the
altitude at which the temperature B
is -56.5°C and to zero above that
altitude.
Continuing Airworthiness Programs
may be prepared for all types of
general aviation airplanes and
C
components certificated under the
applicable Federal Aviation
Regulations.
autopilot has reached its yaw
A
imbalance.
A wing anti-ice L VALVE OPEN or R
VALVE OPEN light stays illuminated
B
dim blue. The wing anti-ice valve
is not in the preferred position.
APU start attempts are not
recommended above 25,000 feet.
With both busses off, only one C
start
attempt is recommended below
25,000 feet.
When doing a repair, the correct
sequence of assembly is important,
A
which will make sure that all
parts are correctly engaged.
B
Each system includes the basic
components and all instruments,
mechanical controls, electrical C
and hydraulic units related to the
system.
Destroy the rod end bearing during
10 flight cycles or 25 flight
hours when its wear is more than B b
0.010 inch of its radius,
whichever comes first.
Either the logbook or
center DU/CDU shall be
checked for faults records
and related fault
information, then review
the faults reported by the
flight crew and take
actions.
Make sure the ATC
transmitters are in standby
mode, or false TCAS targets
may occur accidentally due
to altitude simulation.
When used in measurement,
the acronym or the symbol
and the related number
should be taken as a word.
Sometimes, especially for
complex airplanes, it may
be necessary to provide
specific training in the
proper maintenance of the
airplane and its systems.
Airlines should consult
local authority, the
interval shall be adjusted
although it best suits
their unique operational
environment.
Non-native English readers
also feel confused with
long noun phrases because
of the great importance of
the first noun in the
phrase in some languages.
Do not use compressed air
to clean the holes on the
rear of the display unit.
Compressed air will push
contamination into the
display unit. This can
cause damage to the
equipment.
Clean the vent holes behind
the captain's primary
flight, navigation and
lower middle engine display
units which are blocked by
lint, dust and debris.
Consult the failures report from
the logbook to find the related
information on center DU or CDU,
A a
listen to the crew for faults
report. Report faults and handle
them.
Make sure that the ATC
transponders are in standby mode
when you simulate altitude. You C
can accidentally cause false TCAS
targets.
When you write an abbreviation or
a symbol for a unit of
C
measurement, count it and the
preceding number as one word.
Sometimes, for particularly
complex airplanes, it is required
to provide special training so as B
to perform proper maintenance of
the aircraft and its systems.
In order to get the best
intervals for their operational
A
environments, operators should
consult with local administration.
Long noun clusters are also
confusing for non-native English
readers, because in some languages C
the main noun is the first noun in
the cluster.
Do not use compressed air to clean
the holes behind the display unit,
because it can blow contaminants B
into display unit which may be
damaged.
The captain's primary flight,
navigation, and center lower
engine display units must be
A
cleaned since the ventilation
holes behind them are clogged by
lint, dust and debris.
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