双边议论类大作文

01 大作文介绍

02 议论文介绍

CONTENTS
03 双边类议论文
 PART ONE

大作文介绍 Task 2
Task 2——10个话题，两种文体，40 mins, 250 words

教育 社会家庭

说明文
环境动物 犯罪

文化语言旅游全 议论文
科技 球文化

职业发展
媒体广告 生活方式

政府政策 抽象
 大作文题型

议论文 说明文

给出自己观点 说明原因
说明理由 给出解决方法
大作文五种问法

1. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

2. Is this a positive or negative development?
2. Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?
3. How far/ To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3. Discuss both views --- 必须双边讨论

4. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions/measures

can you suggest? （说明文）
5. Mixed
大作文解题步骤

确认题目观点 辨别题型：议论/说明 明确个人观点

列文章框架（主体段） 写作 检查
 PART TWO

议论文
OPINION ESSAY
 议论文

单边议论文 双边议论文

一边倒 正反面讨论
议论文结构

议论文结构

开头段 主体段 结尾段

背景 两至三段 概括观点
+ +
题目转述 重申个人立场
+
个人观点 主题句
+
支持句
 PART TWO

双边类议论文
双边结构

平衡：四段式 有偏向：五段式
1. 开头段 1. 开头段
2.主体段 2.主体段
正 正
反 正
3. 结尾段 反
3. 结尾段
双边议论文 C10T2 教育类

Some people think that all university students should study whatever they
like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that
will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and
technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

1.明确题目观点：大学生学习什么科目？ 兴趣 or 实用的课
2. 个人观点：两者兼顾/(倾向实用性课程）
3. 文章结构 & 思考论点
文章结构

平衡：四段式
1. 开头段
1. 开头段
2.主体段
2.主体段
兴趣
正
实用性
反
3.个人观点+结尾段
3. 结尾段
范文 开头段

背景+ 题目转述+ 个人观点

Nowadays, university education has received increasingly attention.

Some people think university students should only choose their courses
based on their personal interests, while others believe that the function of
the courses for future career is more important.

In my opinion, both interests and practical elements should be considered

when choosing courses.
双方观点思考
按兴趣选择课程的 好处：

主题句 效果更好
解释说明 学习更有动力 Be motivated

---- 投入更多的时间和精力， Devote more time and energy

深入探索，创新 Explore in depth Innovation
结果 ----学习效果更好 Produce more satisfying study
（对比） results
对比论证
If their courses conflict with their
----学习不感兴趣的课程
interests…
----产生学习倦怠 generate study burnout
----浪费时间
主体段 1
兴趣的重要性 1

generate higher study efficiency

Choosing their interested courses could generate
and the outcomes is more positive. 主题句
To be
be specific
specific, the individual can be motivated if he can choose subjects
arepassinate
that they are passionate about
about. 解释说明

devotemore
Provided that, they may devote more time
time and
and energy
energy in their studies
and explore in depth. 假设论证
satisfying study
As a result, more satisfying study results
result could be produced.
结果
主体段 1

对比论证

Conversely people might generate study

Conversely, study burnout
burnout when
tedious subject and the whole learning process
learning a tedious
may be a waste of students’ time and energy.
双方观点思考

选择实用性课程的 好处： The advantages/benefits of practical,

pragmatic courses

主题句 1.（个人）对就业有帮助

解释说明 Be capable of/ be qualified for/ be

更好找工作，工作晋升机会大， competent/adequate/competitive in their
高收入，从而过更好的生活 works/employment/job hunting

举例 e.g. medicine ，engineering， Apply their professional knowledge in their

information technology等课程， working tasks
会比艺术类课程更有用
主体段 2 实用性

However, it can hinder the comprehensive

comprehensive development
development of students if they are
only allowed to choose their interested courses. Hence, the acquisition of
practical courses should also be considered. 主题句

pragmatic courses will help one become morecompetitive

Apparently, pragmatic competitive in job
market. People assert that university courses like medicine, engineering and
解释说明
information technology are more likely to get career progression.
Take science students as an example, they are
areequipped
equippedwith
withsome
professional knowledge which can be applied into relevant fields. 举例论证

layaafoundation
In this way, career-related subjects can lay foundation for individual career
development.
结果
个人观点

在根据兴趣选择一些课程的同时，也应该选择对未来有用的课程。
----继续培养爱好，同时全面发展
----为未来做全面的准备

All-round development

Make comprehensive preparation for the future

结尾段

重申个人立场 + 观点概述

As a whole, I believe students could benefit from both interest-

related and practical courses as for the former, their study
efficiency can be improved while for the latter, they could
become more competitive in the job market.
文章结构

有偏向：五段式
1. 开头段
1. 开头段
2.主体段
2.主体段
实用性1
正
实用性2
正
兴趣
反
3.个人观点+结尾段
3. 结尾段
主体段 2
兴趣的重要性2
解释说明
Nobody can really predict which areas of knowledge will be most useful to
society in the future, and it may be that employers begin to value creative
thinking skills above practical or technical skills. If this were the case,
perhaps we would need more students of art, history and philosophy than
of science or technology. 假设论证
双方观点思考

主题句 2. （社会）推动经济发展
解释说明 ----实用性的课程能够满足政府对一些稀缺岗位的要求

结果 ----提高生产效率和质量
---- 产生新发明，带动经济发展

Boost/propel social progress

Satisfy scarce job requirement/demand post/position professionals

improve/enhance the working efficiency and quality of end-product

artificial intelligence
主体段 2
实用的重要性2
解释说明
On the societal level, by forcing people to choose particular university
subjects, governments can ensure that any knowledge and skill gaps in the
economy are covered. Finally, a focus on technology in higher education
could lead to new inventions, economic growth, and greater future
prosperity. 假设论证
文章结构

开头段：背景 + 题目转述+个人观点

主体段 (每段): 主题句+解释说明+论证方法+结果

结尾段 : 重申个人立场 + 观点概述

单边结构

1. 开头段 1. 开头段
2.主体段 2.主体段
正 让步+反驳
or
正 正
正 正
3. 结尾段 3. 结尾段
 PART TWO

议论文开头段功能
Functions of introduction paragraph

Introduce

Main
Topic My opinion
arguments
 PART TWO

开头段的结构
1 话题引入

2 争论观点

3 我的观点
举个例子
Females have played an increasingly
话题引入
important role in society since two
decades ago. Some people attribute
争论观点
the teenagers’problems such as
juvenile delinquency to it. However, I 我的观点
do not feel that this is a direct cause of
the indisputable increase in juvenile-
related problems during this period.
 PART TWO

开头段的写法
1 话题引入

2
话题引入的方法

方式一 编写与题目话题相关的一句
话
引入背景
方式二 用时代背景引出话题

方式三 模板句+题目改写
方式三

题目改写+模版句辅助

改写方式：同义替换、变词性、主被动置换、因果置换、句型替换
题目议题改写+模版句辅助

Many schools demand the students to wear uniforms. Some

people think that such a practice can undermine their
personality and individuality. Agree or disagree？

题目改写

The vast majority of schools require their students to wear school

uniforms when attending any lessons.
题目议题改写+模版句辅助

The vast majority of schools require their students to wear school

uniforms when attending any lessons.

模版句：The topic of whether … has aroused controversy among …

The topic of whether the vast majority of schools require their students
to wear school uniforms when attending any lessons has aroused
controversy among students.
模版句
1. There has been an intense debate about whether +题目改写…

2. 题目改写 + has been heatedly discussed among citizens.

3. The topic whether + 题目改写 + has aroused controversy among ...

4. 题目改写 is a frequent topic of discussion.

5. It is commonly believed that + 题目改写

6. There is no doubt that + 题目改写

7. A problem/ phenomenon of modern society is + 题目改写

作业
With growing population in cities, more and more people live in a
home with small or no outdoor areas. Is it a positive or negative
development？

The process of urbanization has increased the population

density in urban areas and thus less average space becomes
more precious and costly. 背景句
Therefore, more residents live in apartments with no outdoor
space and in houses with less open areas. 题目改写
1

2 争论观点

3
争论观点的写法

运用转折/对比句式，表述两观点
Some people think that sport is very important for society. Others, however, argue that
it is nothing more than a leisure activity. Discuss both these views and give your own
opinion.

观点1: sport is very important for society 观点2： a leisure activity is more important

üadverse to
opposite to
Contrary to the argument that sport is quite essential for a country, another viewpoint is that
people can't live without a recreational activity. ü perspective
angle
 模版
1. Some people contend that…, while others argue that…
2. Many people hold the idea that….., but the reality of the situation is far more
complicated than that.
3. Contrary to the argument that…, common belief/ another viewpoint is that …
4. Although it is commonly believed/ widely accepted/ generally acknowledged that….,
this is actually not the case….
5. Some people attribute…to…,…
Some people think it is one of the best ways to solve the environmental problems by
increasing the cost of fuels for cars and other vehicles. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?

观点1: increase the cost of fuels is the best 观点2： not the best way, there are other ways to
way to solve environmental problems. solve the problem

Some people assert that the rising price for the petrol or other fuels can
contribute to solving the environmental problems, whereas others believe other
effective ways should be taken to deal with such a problem.
1

3 我的观点
我的观点表达
方式一：main arguments中二选一，表达赞同

The topic of whether allowing students to wear uniforms at school will have
negative impacts on their personality and individuality has aroused
controversy among students. Contrary to the argument that wearing uniforms
should be compulsory, another viewpoint is that students are tend to lose their
personal traits in uniforms. For my part, I am in favor of the latter opinion.

方式二：陈述自己的立场

The topic of whether allowing students to wear uniforms at school will have
negative impacts on their personality and individuality has aroused
controversy among students. Contrary to the argument that wearing uniforms
should be compulsory, I hold the viewpoint that students are tend to lose their
personal traits in uniforms.
争论观点+个人观点
模版

1.I claim/assert/deem/contend/maintain/reckon/argue/assume that…

2.My view point/ proposal is that…

3.As I view/perceive the issue/argument/controversy…

4.As far as I am concerned, ….

5.From my perspective/angle, …..

6.I doubt/consider/insist that….

作业

1. Many museums charge for admission while others are free. Do you think
the advantages of charging people for admission to museums outweigh the
disadvantages?

2. Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal species. Some
people think it is too late to do anything about this problem. Others believe
effective measures can be taken to improve this situation.
 PART TWO

主体段写作分析
Governments should spend money on railways rather than roads.
To what extend do you agree or disagree?（C11Test1)

思考：
轨道交通的污染更少 1. 主题句在哪里？
2. 围绕主题句的论证是否清晰?
First of all, people are apt to spend a lot of time on rush hours due to the

longtime traffic jam. Not only people will easily get impatient after a long wait,

but also the vehicles will emit more exhaust fumes into the air. However, train

station is a good way to make easy that train could never get into congestions

and trains are environmentally friendly. Therefore, air pollution can be reduced

when more people give up driving to work on weekdays.

 Governments should spend money on railways rather than roads.
To what extend do you agree or disagree?（C11Test1)
轨道交通的污染更少

First of all, people are apt to spend a lot of time on rush hours due to the

longtime traffic jam. Not only people will easily get impatient after a long

wait, but also the vehicles will emit more exhaust fumes into the air. However,

train station is a good way to make easy that train could never get into

congestions and trains are environmentally friendly. Therefore, air pollution

can be reduced when more people give up driving to work on weekdays.

 PART ONE

主体段的结构
主体段结构
Topic Sentence 主题句
T
Explain
E
Example 论证
E (无需全部用在同一个段落
中）
Contrast
C
Conclusion(optional) 小结（可省略）
C
First of all, air pollution can be reduced when more
T Topic Sentence
people give up driving to work on weekdays.
Explain
Nowadays, most of cars being used are not
E
Example
environmentally friendly, and research has shown that E
Contrast
more polluting gases are emitted to the air when
C
engines of automobiles are frequently switched on Conclusion(optional)
C
and off. In comparison, less contamination is caused

by trains and metros, as the contemporary products

are powered by electricity.

First of all, air pollution can be reduced when more
T Topic Sentence
people give up driving to work on weekdays.

Nowadays, most of cars being used are not

E Explain
Example
environmentally friendly, and research has shown that E
Contrast
more polluting gases are emitted to the air when
C
engines of automobiles are frequently switched on Conclusion(optional)
C
and off. In comparison, less contamination is caused

by trains and metros, as the contemporary products

are powered by electricity.

First of all, air pollution can be reduced when more
Topic Sentence
T
people give up driving to work on weekdays.

Nowadays, most of cars being used are not Explain

E
environmentally friendly, and research has shown that
Example
more polluting gases are emitted to the air when E
engines of automobiles are frequently switched on
Contrast
and off. In comparison, less contamination is caused
C
by trains and metros, as the contemporary products Conclusion(optional)
C
are powered by electricity.
 First of all, air pollution can be reduced when
First of all, people are apt to spend a lot of time
more people give up driving to work on
on rush hours due to the longtime traffic jam. Not
weekdays. Nowadays, most of cars being used
only people will easily get impatient after a long
are not environmentally friendly, and research
wait, but also the vehicles will emit more exhaust
has shown that more polluting gases are emitted
fumes into the air. However, train station is a
to the air when engines of automobiles are
good way to make easy that train could never
frequently switched on and off. In comparison,
get into congestions and trains are
less contamination is caused by trains and
environmentally friendly. Therefore, air pollution
metros, as the contemporary products are
can be reduced when more people give up
powered by electricity.
driving to work on weekdays.
作业
THANK YOU！