Grade 8-9

Circle Graphs and Tangents

Circle Graphs - grade 6/7
Learning Target:
Understanding Circle Graphs:
Identify the key components of a circle graph, including
sectors, central angles, and the entire circle
representing 100%.
Constructing Circle Graphs:
Demonstrate the ability to create a circle graph from
given data, ensuring accurate proportions and
representation
Part of Circle Graphs
Circle Graphs is a graph
in a circle shape.

Like any circle this graph

has a radius -r- and the
circle is formed around
the origin (0,0).
r
Overview of Targets
#1: Understand and use the
equation of a circle.

#2: Find x for given y and vice

versa

#3: Use Pythagoras/geometry to

determine the centre and radius
of a circle.
Creating a Circle Graph
Circle graphs for a circle, with radius r and centre
(0, 0) is the following general equation

For this circle graph the eauation is

which is the same as

To draw a circle from its equation, take the square root

to find the value of r, then draw the circle through ±r on
both axes using a pair of compasses, with the centre at
(0, 0).
Quick Fire Circles Equation
Quick Fire Circles Equation
a sketching problem

Sketch the graphs with the following equations. Label the coordinates of the x- and y-intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
 a sketching problem
Sketch the graphs with the
following equations. Label the
coordinates of the x- and y-
intercepts.
IGCSE Circle Graphs - grade 6/7
Relation between x and Y
How could we show how r, x and y are related?
As we draw a right-angled triangle inside your circle, with one
vertex at the origin and another at the circumference)
#1 Circle Graph centred at (a,b)
Now suppose we shift the circle so it’s now centred at
(a,b). What’s the equation now?

(Hint: What would the sides of this right-angled triangle be now?)

Quick Fire Questions
Quick Fire Questions
#2 Find x For Given Y (vice versa)
A circle has centre (3,4) and has the radius 5. The circle
intercepts the x-axis at the origin and the point A and the y-
axis at the origin and the point B.
Determine the coordinates of these points.

Equation is:

When y=0:

When x=0:
#2 Find x For Given Y (vice versa)
A circle has centre (3,4) and has the radius 5. The circle
intercepts the x-axis at the origin and the point A and the y-
axis at the origin and the point B.
Determine the coordinates of these points.

Equation is:

When y=0:

When x=0:
Test Your Understanding
A circle has centre (4,7) and radius 10. Find the coordinates of
the points on the circle where y=13.

Does the circle with equation x^2+(y-1)^2=16 pass through the

point (2,5)?
Test Your Understanding
A circle has centre (4,7) and radius 10. Find the coordinates of
the points on the circle where y=13.

Does the circle with equation x^2+(y-1)^2=16 pass through the

point (2,5)?
#3 Determine radius and centre using geom/Pythag
We’ve seen how we can get the radius/centre of a circle using the equation of the
circle. But sometimes we need to used coordinate geometry or Pythagoras to
determine them, so that we can get the equation of the circle.

Example: A(4,7) and B(10,15) are points on a circle and AB is a diameter of

the circle.
a)Determine the centre and radius of the circle.
b)Hence find the equation of the circle.
#3 Determine radius and centre using geom/Pythag
We’ve seen how we can get the radius/centre of a circle using the equation of the
circle. But sometimes we need to used coordinate geometry or Pythagoras to
determine them, so that we can get the equation of the circle.

Example: A(4,7) and B(10,15) are points on a circle and AB is a diameter of

the circle.
a)Determine the centre and radius of the circle.
b)Hence find the equation of the circle.
Another Example
Check your understanding
#4 Completing the square to find radius/centre
#4 Completing the square to find radius/centre
Test Your Understanding
Test Your Understanding
Mini Exercises
Mini Exercises
Gradients of a curve - grade 6/7
 what it looks like
To find the gradient at a point
on a curve, you can find the
gradient of the tangent at this
point. A tangent is a straight
line that just touches the
curve — at this point of contact
the gradient of the line and the
curve are the same.
A straight forward example
A straight forward example
Let's have a go at this
Let's have a go at this
Tangents To A Circle - Grade 9
Definition
The tangent to a circle is a straight line that just touches
the circle at a point and has the same gradient as the
circle at that point.
The tangent to a circle at a point is perpendicular to the
radius of the circle at that point.

So the tangent’s gradient is the

negative reciprocal of the gradient
of the radius.
The gradient of the tangent at that
point is
Finding Equation Of A Tangent
STEP 1: Find the gradient of the radius.
STEP 2: Find the gradient of the Tangent.
STEP 3: Complete the rest of the equation.
Example - 1
Find the equation of the tangent to the circle defined by

at the point (3,4), shown on the axes below.

Example - 1
Find the equation of the tangent to the circle defined by

at the point (3,4), shown on the axes below.

Example - 2
Find the equation of the tangent to the circle below at the
point marked with a cross.
Example - 2
Find the equation of the tangent to the circle below at the
point marked with a cross.
Example - 3
Example - 3
Example - 3
Example - 3
Example - 4
Example - 4
 Any question?

YES? NO?

FIRE AWAY QUIZ TIME

See you on WEDNESDAY!