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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 10:
Illustrating Center-Radius Form
Equation of a Circle
Mathematics – Grade 10
Quarter 2 (Week 8) – Module 10: Illustrating Center-Radius Form Equation
of a Circle

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Regional Director: GILBERT T. SADSAD

Assistant Regional Director: JESSIE L. AMIN

Development Team of the Module

Writer: ELSIE V. LAGATIC

Editors: SALVACION B. FELICES
JON JON R. MONTE
SHIELA L. GUEVARA
NOEL A. LOZANO
ALFIE T. GASCON
JINKY A. VILLAREAL
Reviewer: JINKY A. VILLAREAL
Illustrator: RYAN B. CERILLO
Layout Artist: ANTHONY C. VISTA
 ILLUSTRATING CENTER-RADIUS FORM
EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

I. INTRODUCTION

A circle is a very interesting shape. It is formed if you move

continuously with a fixed distance from a fixed point. Understanding it
through illustration will help you appreciate it even more.
In this module, you are going to illustrate the center-radius form
equation of a circle.

II. OBJECTIVES

At the end of this self-directed module, you will be able to illustrate the
center-radius form of the equation of a circle. M10GE-11h-1
SUBTASKS:
a. Find the radius of a circle.
b. Determine if the point lies on the circle.
c. Write the equation of a circle given its center and radius.

III. VOCABULARY LIST

In exploring and answering this module, you will encounter the following
terms and concepts to help you use them appropriately in context:

• Circle – is a set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed

point.
• Center – is a fixed point by which a circle can be made. The
coordinate of the center is (h,k).
• Radius – the distance between the center (h,k) to any point on the
circle (x,y).
• Distance Formula – distance between points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is
given by the following formula 𝒅 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐
• Center-Radius Form Equation of a Circle – is in the format
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2, with the center being at the point (h, k) and
the radius being "r". This form of the equation is helpful, since you
can easily find the center and the radius.

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IV. PRE-TEST

Direction: This test will evaluate your knowledge and skills prior to starting this
module. Read and analyze each problem and write the letter that correspond
to your answer.

1. What is the radius of a circle whose center is at (2,8) passing through

point P(3,6)?
a. √5 c. 5
b. 25 d. √28

2. Circle E has a radius of 12 and center is at (0,0). Which point lies on

the circle?
a. (3,4) c. (6,2)
b. (0,-12) d. (12,2)

3. What is the equation of the circle whose center is at (-1,3) and with a
radius of 6?
a. (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟔
b. (𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
c. (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
d. (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟔

4. What is the radius in the equation (𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔 ?

a. 3 c. 12
b. 4 d. 16

5. A carabao that is tied on a bush moves in a circular motion. If the bush

is at (4,-2) and the length of the rope is 5 .What is the equation of the
circle made by the carabao?
a. (𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟒)𝟐 = 𝟓
b. (𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
c. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟒)𝟐 = 𝟓
d. (𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓

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V. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

In this part, you will learn how to illustrate the center-radius form equation
of a circle, find radius, determine if a point lies on the circle and write the
equation of a circle.

A circle is the set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a given point
called the center. The distance from the center (h,k) to any point (x,y) on the
circumference of a circle is called the radius.

Example 1

How far are you from your point of rotation?

In a Cartesian Coordinate Plane, a circle with center at the origin
passes through point A (8,0) where you are standing, how far are you
from the center of the circle?

To illustrate this, you may use a graphing

paper and a compass.

First, make a Cartesian Coordinate Plane

in the graphing paper, then locate and label the (0,0) A(8,0)
center of the circle at the origin and point A Radius (r)
(8,0) where you are standing.
Using a compass, draw a circle with center
at (0,0) and which passes through A (8,0).

Based on the figure, how far is point A from the center of the circle? Count
the number of units from the center to the point on the circle. Does the circle
pass through (0,8)? How about through (-8,0)? (0,-8)?

(0,8)
The distance between the center of the
circle and the point on the circumference of
8 units

the circle is called the radius. It is always

8 units A(8,0)
(-8,0) (0,0) 8 units
constant at any point on the circle.
8 units

In the example, you are 8 units from the center.

(0,-8)
It passes through (0,8), (-8,0) and (0, -8) which is
also 8 units from the center. Then, the radius is 8 units.

You can also use the DISTANCE FORMULA to find the radius of the circle.

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 DISTANCE FORMULA
To find the distance between two points, the Distance Formula can
be used. The distance between points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is given by the
following formula:

𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
The formula is equivalent to:

𝒓 = √(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐

Whose r is the radius, the center is (h,k) and a point on the circle is (x,y).

Given the center of the circle at the origin (0,0) and point A (8,0).

𝒓 = √(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐

𝒓 = √(𝟖 − 𝟎)𝟐 + (𝟎 − 𝟎)𝟐

𝒓 = √𝟖𝟐 + 𝟎𝟐

𝒓 = √𝟔𝟒 + 𝟎
(0,0) A(8,0)
𝒓 = √𝟔𝟒 Radius (r)
𝒓=𝟖

Then, the radius is 8 units.

Example 2
How far Again?
In a Cartesian Coordinate Plane, a circle with center at (3,1) passes
through point C (11, -5) where your friend is standing. How far is he from
the center of the circle?

Again, you’ll need a graphing paper and a

compass.

First, make a Cartesian Coordinate Plane in

(3,1)
the graphing paper, then locate and label the
center of the circle at (3,1) and point C (11,-5)
where you are standing.
Using a compass, draw a circle with center at C(11,-5)

(3,1) and which passes through C(11,-5).

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 Based on the figure, how far is point C from the center of the circle? Does
the circle pass through (3,11)? How about through (-7,1)? (3,-9)?
(3,11)

In the example, the circumference of the circle

10 units
passes through (3,11), (-7,1) and (3, -9) which is 10
(-7,1) 10 units (3,1) units from the center by simply counting the units from
the center to points (3,11), (-7,1) and (3, -9).
10 units
Then, the radius is 10 units. Radius is always
(11,-5)
constant at any point of the circle. Therefore, he is 10
(3,-9)
units from the center.

Given the center of the circle at the origin (3,1) and point C (11,-5).

𝒓 = √(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐

𝒓 = √(𝟏𝟏 − 𝟑)𝟐 + (−𝟓 − 𝟏)𝟐

𝒓 = √𝟖𝟐 + (−𝟔)𝟐
(3,1)
𝒓 = √𝟔𝟒 + 𝟑𝟔

𝒓 = √𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔 C(11,-5)

Then, the radius is 10 units.

Example 3

Do They Belong?
You and your friends decided to ride a
Ferris Wheel. Its pivot is at (2,3). Each passenger
car (cabin) is located 2 meters away from its pivot.
Are your friends riding or not if their location are as
follows?
a. K(1,2) b.R(2,5) c.E(4,3) d.N(3,1)

There are two methods you can use to solve this problem by illustrating the
given problem and by using Distance Formula.

To illustrate, you need to graph the circle in the Cartesian Coordinate Plane
given the Ferris Wheel pivot, the center (2,3) and radius of 2 which is the
distance of the pivot to your riding friend.

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 Looking at the illustration, we can easily identify if
your friend is riding or not. Points found on the circle

r = 2m
are your friends riding the Ferris Wheel while points
inside the circle or outside the circle are not.

Friends Riding or
Location Not?
a. K(1,2) Not
b. R(2,5) Riding
c. E(4,3) Riding
d. N(3,1) Not

Therefore, friends R and E are riding the Ferris Wheel

while friends K and N are not.

You can also use the distance formula to answer this problem. Given the
center (2,3) and your friends’ location, we can identify if they are riding or not.
they must be 2 meters away from the pivot.

Distance
Friends Riding or
From the
Location Not?
Center
a. K(1,2) √𝟐 Not
b. R(2,5) 2 Riding
c. E(4,3) 2 Riding
d. N(3,1) √𝟓 Not

a. K(1,2) c. E(4,3)
𝑟 = √(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 𝑟 = √(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
𝑟 = √(1 − 2)2 + (2 − 3)2 𝑟 = √(4 − 2)2 + (3 − 3)2
𝑟 = √(−1)2 + (−1)2 𝑟 = √(2)2 + 02
𝑟 = √1 + 1 𝑟 = √4 + 0
𝒓 = √𝟐 𝑟 = √4
𝒓=𝟐
b. R(2,5)
𝑟 = √(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 d. N(3,1)
𝑟 = √(2 − 2)2 + (5 − 3)2 𝑟 = √(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
𝑟 = √02 + (2)2 𝑟 = √(3 − 2)2 + (1 − 3)2
𝑟 = √0 + 4 𝑟 = √(1)2 + (−2)2
𝑟 = √4 𝑟 = √1 + 4
𝒓=𝟐 𝒓 = √𝟓

Therefore, friends R and E are riding the Ferris Wheel

while friends K and N are not.

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 CENTER-RADIUS FORM EQUATION OF A CIRCLE
The Center-Radius Form Equation of a Circle is used to make the
equation of a circle given the center (h,k) and the radius r. The formula to do
so is:

(x,y)

Center (h,k)

(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

Example 4

What is My Equation?
Find the center-radius form equation of the
circle formed by the bicycle wheels. The front
wheel’s center is at (-9,0) and the length of the
spoke from the center to the wheel is 6 inches.
The back wheel’s center is at (14,3) and passes
through (5,3) a point found on the wheel.

Illustration:

(5,3)
r=6
(14,3)
(-9,0)

You need to find the equation of the circle used on the wheels, a bicycle
has two wheels – front wheel and back wheel.

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FRONT WHEEL

The front wheel’s center is at (-9,0) and the length of the

spoke from the center to the wheel is 6 inches.
In the Cartesian Coordinate Plane, the circle is illustrated as
the figure at the right. To find the equation, you need to use the center radius
form equation of the circle.

r=6
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
(-9,0)
(𝒙 − (−𝟗))𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟎)𝟐 = 𝟔𝟐
(𝒙 + 𝟗)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔

The equation of the front wheel is (𝒙 + 𝟗)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔.

BACK WHEEL

The back wheel’s center is at (14,3) and passes through

(5,3) a point found on the wheel
In the Cartesian Coordinate
Plane, the circle is illustrated as the
(5,3)
figure at the right. Find first the radius by (14,3)
counting the number of units between (14,3) and (5,3)
or you can use the distance formula.

𝒓 = √(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐

𝒓 = √(𝟓 − 𝟏𝟒)𝟐 + (𝟑 − 𝟑)𝟐

𝒓 = √(−𝟗)𝟐 + (𝟎)𝟐

𝒓 = √𝟖𝟏 + 𝟎

𝒓 = √𝟖𝟏
𝒓 = 𝟗 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔

You can now find the center-radius form equation of the circle using the
C(14,3) and r = 9.
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝟏𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟗𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝟏𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟖𝟏

The equation of the back wheel is (𝒙 − 𝟏𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟖𝟏

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VI. PRACTICE EXERCISES

PRACTICE TASK 1

Find the radius in the given problem.

1. What is the radius of a circle with the center at (-3,1) and pass through
point (2,13)?

2. Point S on the circle is at (9,3), if the center of the circle is at (6,3), what
is the radius?

3. Point P (8,-3) is on the circle with the center of M(8,12). How far are
they from each other?

4. What is the radius of a circle with the center at (1,5) and pass through
point (-2,8)?

5. A moth is flying around a burning lamp in a circular pattern.

If the flame is located at (3,7) and the moth is at (7,10) ,
how far is the moth from the fire?

PRACTICE TASK 2

Direction: Answer the following problem by completing the table.

1. The distances of the chairs surrounding a round table measured from the
center of the table is 3 feet. The center of the table is at (1,4). Given the
location of each member of Lagatic family below, can we say that they are
already seated? Use the Distance Formula in answering this problem.

Distance
Family From the Seated or
Location
Member Center of Not?
the Table
a. Father (-2,4)
b. Mother (3,7)
c. Sister (1,1)
d. Brother (4,3)

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2. A red circular mark around the fountain in the Iriga City Park is 10 meters
from its center. If the center of the fountain is at (4,2) tell whether the given
things are on the red mark or not. Illustrate then fill out the table below.

On mark or
Things Location
Not?
a. Bird (9,9)
b. Trash Can (-4,-9)
c. Ball (12,-4)
d. Dog (-6,2)

PRACTICE TASK 3

Find the center-radius form of equation the circle.

1. Benny, the dog is tied on a pole located at (5,7) and the

length of the dog leash is 3 feet. What is the equation
of the circle formed by the circular movement of the dog
around the pole?

2. A cyclist maintains its 12-meter distance from a statue with

coordinate of (7,3). What is the equation formed by his
circular motion?

3. A child is playing around the tree touching the tree with

his hand. If the center of the tree is at (9,1) and the
length of the arm of the child is 2 feet, what is the
equation of the circle formed by circular motion of the
child?

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VII. POST-TEST
Direction: This test will evaluate your knowledge after completing this module.
Read and analyze each problem and write the letter that corresponds to your
answer.
1.What is the radius of a circle whose center is at (5,3) passing through
point P(3,6)?

a. √5 c. 5
b. 16 d. √13
2. Circle E has a radius of 11 and center is at (0,0). Which point lies on
the circle?
a. (3,8) c. (11,0)
b. (9,1) d. (-3,2)
3. What is the equation of the circle whose center is at (-2,5) and with a
radius of 7?

a. (𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟒𝟗
b. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟒𝟗
c. (𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟐)𝟐 =𝟕
d. (𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟐)𝟐 =𝟕
4. What is the center in the equation (𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔 ?
a. (4,-3) c. (-3,4)
b. (-4,3) d. (3,-4)

5. A goat tied on a bush keeps on making circular motion. If the bush is at

(3,-2) and the length of the rope is 6 , what is the equation of the circle
formed by the goat’s movement?

a. (𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 =𝟔
b. (𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
c. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟑)𝟐 =𝟔
d. (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔

VIII. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Direction: Illustrate and solve the
given problem.
Riding a Ferris Wheel is very
common in an amusement park. A Ferris
wheel is an amusement ride consisting of
a rotating upright wheel with multiple
passenger-carrying components
(commonly referred to as cabins) attached
to the rim in such a way that as the wheel turns, they are kept upright. You

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 are inside one of the cabins which passes through position (11,18). If the
pivot of the Ferris wheel is at (4,7), what is the center-radius form equation
of the wheel?

Congratulations! You’re done with this module.

ANSWER KEY

PRE-TEST

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B

Practice Task 1

1. 13
2. 3
3. 15
4. √18
5. 5
Practice Task 2

1.
Distance
Family From the Seated or
Location
Member Center of Not?
the Table
a. Father (-2,4) 3 Seated
b. Mother (3,7) √𝟏𝟑 Not
c. Sister (1,1) 3 Seated
d. Brother (4,2) √𝟏𝟎 Not
2.
On mark or
Things Location
Not?
a. Bird (9,9) Not
b. Trash Can (-4,-9) Not
c. Ball (12,-4) On Mark
d. Dog (-6,2) On mark
Practice Task 3

1. (𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 9

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 2. (𝑥 − 7)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 144
3. (𝑥 − 9)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 4

POST TEST

1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B

ASSIGNMENT

(𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟕)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟕𝟎

REFERENCES
Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 10 (DepEd)

Website Links

https://www.purplemath.com/modules/distform.htm

https://www.softschools.com/math/pre_calculus/circle_center_radius_equation/

https://www.desmos.com/calculator

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