10

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Solving Problems Involving
Polynomial Functions

1
Mathematics – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Solving Problem Involving Polynomial Functions

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)
included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: GILBERT T. SADSAD

Assistant Regional Director: JESSIE L. AMIN

Development Team of the Module

Writer: JANE C. VILLAREAL

Editors: SALVACION B. FELICES
JON JON R. MONTE
SHIELA L. GUEVARA
NOEL A. LOZANO
ALFIE T. GASCON
JINKY A. VILLAREAL
Reviewer: JINKY A. VILLAREAL
Illustrator: RYAN B. CERILLO
Layout Artist: ANTHONY C. VISTA

2
 Solving Problem Involving
Polynomial Functions

You want to know?

Start this module by relating and connecting previously learned mathematical
concepts to this new lesson on solving problem involving polynomial functions. As you go
through this lesson, think of this important question: How does polynomial facilitate finding
solutions to real-life problems and making wise decisions? To find the answer, perform
each activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the assistance of
your teacher or peers or refer to the modules for the discussion and examples.

The important skills that you will learn in this

But before
lesson are: solving geometric problems,
you continue,
business problems and sports problems
take note of
involving polynomial functions.
these…

Since polynomials are used to describe curves of various types, they are used to graph
curves. For example, roller coaster designers may use polynomials to describe the curves
in their rides. Combinations of polynomial functions are sometimes used in geometry,
business and sports.

1
 Let’s check first
your prior knowledge
of the lesson…

Direction: Read each item carefully then choose the letter of

your answer among the options. Write only the letter on
your answer sheet.

1.The dimensions of a refrigerator are: height = 9x + 5 inches, length = 2x – 3 inches, and

width = x + 4 inches. What is the volume of the refrigerator?

A. 18x3+55x2-83x-60
B. 9x3+55x2-83x-60
C. 18x3-55x2-83x-60
D. 18x3+55x2+83x-60

2. The dimensions of a water tank are: height = 3x + 5 inches, length = 2x – 1 inches, and
width = 4x + 4 inches. What is the volume of the water tank??

A. 24x3+52x2+8x-20
B. 12x3+26x2+8x-40
C. 12x3+52x2+16x+20
D. 12x3-24x2+52x-40
3. A skydiver jumps out of a building that is 50,000 ft. above the ground. How high is the skydiver
after 15 seconds if objects fall according to the formula 𝒅 = −𝟏𝟔𝒕𝟐 + 𝒅𝟎 where d is the height
above the earth in feet, t is the time the object falls in seconds, and 𝒅𝟎 is the original distance or
starting height above the ground in feet?

A. 45,000 ft.
B. 46,400 ft.
C. 40,000 ft.
D. 49,000 ft.

2
 Hi! How did you find the test?
Don’t worry if you got a low score, this
just means that there are more things
that you can learn from this module. So,
take it easy. Math is fun…

In the previous module, you were able to illustrate and graph polynomial functions.
You were also given the opportunity to know the different types of polynomial functions
according to its degree. But how do you think is the concept of polynomial functions used
to solve real-life problems?
You will find this out in the succeeding activities. Before doing these activities, read
and understand first some important notes on polynomial functions.

Solving Geometric Problems on Polynomial Functions

Calculating the volume of geometric figures are just some of the many
applications of polynomials. Look at the examples below.

Example 1.

The dimensions of a water tank are: height = 3x + 5 inches, length = 2x – 1 inches,

and width = 4x + 4 inches. What is the volume of the water tank?

Solution:
Volume= H x L x W

3
 = (3x + 5)(4x + 4)(2x-1)

= (12x2+32x+20)(2x-1)

= 24x3+52x2+8x-20

Answer: The volume of the water tank is 𝟐𝟒𝒙𝟑 + 𝟓𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐𝟎

𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒊𝒄 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔 or 𝒊𝒏𝟑

Example 2.

The dimensions of a swimming pool are: height = x + 1 feet, length = 4x + 7 feet,

and width = 2x – 5 feet. What is the volume of the swimming pool?

Solution:

Volume=H x L x W

= (x + 1)(4x + 7)(2x – 5)

= (4x2+11x+7)(2x-5)

= 8x3+2x2-41x-35

Answer: The volume of the water tank is 8x3+2x2-41x-35 cubic feet or 𝒇𝒕𝟑

4
 Example 3.
An open box can be made by cutting out squares from the corners of a 20-inch by
30-inch rectangular sheet of cardboard and folding up the sides. Find the
dimensions of the box that has a volume of 1008 𝑖𝑛3?

Solution:
1. How can you visualize the problem?
Step: Draw the diagram.

2. What representation of the dimensions can be formed from the diagram?

Step: Make a representation of the dimensions.

Length - 30 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛.
Width - 20 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛.
Height -𝑥 𝑖𝑛.
3. What polynomial function can be formed from the problem?
Step: Make a polynomial function and solve the problem.
𝑉 = (30 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )(20 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )(𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )
1008 𝑖𝑛3 = (30 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )(20 − 2𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )(𝑥 𝑖𝑛. )
0 = 4𝑥 3 − 100𝑥 2 + 600𝑥 − 1008
𝑥=3

Therefore, by substitution, the dimension is 𝟐𝟒 𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟏𝟒 𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟑 𝒊𝒏.

4. How will you determine whether your answer is correct or not?

Step: Check the solution.

Problem 1.
The dimensions of a room are: height = 4x – 5 meters, length = 3x + 1 meters, and
width = 2x – 3 meters. What is the volume of the room?

Were you able to solve the geometric problems involving polynomial functions? I know
you were!
In the next activity, you will solve business problems involving polynomial functions.
You can do it!

5
 Solving Business Problems Involving Polynomial Functions

Summing the cost of items on a grocery bill can be interpreted as a polynomial

function. Look at the example below.

Example 1.

The number of printers sold since 2003 at Mike’s office supply store can be modeled
by the function N(t) = 15t + 85 and the price per printer can be modeled by
P(t) = 15t2-32t+126, where t is the number of years since 2003. Based from this model,
what is the total amount of revenue generated by the sales of printers in the office
supply store in 2009?

Note: Revenue is the income that a business has from its normal business activities,
usually from the sale of goods and services to customers.

Solution:
(15𝑡 2 − 32𝑡 + 126)(15𝑡 + 85) = 0
( 225𝑡 3 − 795𝑡 2 − 830𝑡 + 10710) = 0
𝑡=6
[225(6)3 − 795(6)2 − 830(6) + 10710]
82,950

Answer: The total revenue generated by the sales of printers in the office supply
in year 2009 is 82,950 pesos.

6
 Example 2.

Suppose a computer manufacturer has the total cost function 𝐶(𝑥) = 84𝑥 + 12348
and the total revenue function 𝑅(𝑥) = 441𝑥. a) What is the profit function for this
commodity? b) What is the profit on 61 units? c) How many computers must be sold
to avoid losing money?
Note: The net profit formula is calculated by subtracting total cost from total revenues

Solution:

1. What is the profit function for this commodity?

Step: Formulate the profit function, then simplify.
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑅(𝑥) − 𝐶(𝑥)
𝑃(𝑥) = 441𝑥 − (84𝑥 + 12348)
𝑷(𝒙) = 𝟑𝟓𝟕𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟖

2. What is the profit on 61 units?

Step: Substitute the given value to the formulated profit function.

𝑃(𝑥) = 357𝑥 − 12348

𝑃(61) = 357(61) − 12348
𝑃(61) = 21777 − 12348
𝑷(𝟔𝟏) = 𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟗

3. How many computers must be sold to avoid losing money?

Step: Equate the profit function to zero, then solve for x.
𝑃(𝑥) = 357𝑥 − 12348
0 = 357𝑥 − 12348
12348 = 357𝑥
12348 357𝑥
=
357 357
34.5 ≈ 𝑥
35 = 𝑥

4. How will you determine whether your answer is correct or not?

Step: Check the solution.

7
 Problem 2.
The number of tennis rackets sold since 2008 at a sports store can
be modeled by the function N(t) = 6t + 21 and the price per tennis racket
can be modeled by P(t) = t2 - 7t + 30, where t is the number of years since
2008. According to this model, what is the total amount of revenue
generated by the store’s tennis racket sales in the year 2011?

How was the activity? Were you able to solve the problem?
In the next activity, you will solve other problems involving polynomial functions.

Polynomial functions model the motion of airplanes and rockets, and of sports-related
situations in which balls travel through the air.

Example 1.

A skydiver jumps out of a plane traveling 10,000 ft. above the ground. How
high is the skydiver after 10 seconds? After 25 seconds?
(Objects fall according to the formula 𝒅 = −𝟏𝟔𝒕𝟐 + 𝒅𝟎 where d is the height above the
earth in feet, t is the time the object falls in seconds, and 𝒅𝟎 is the original distance or
starting height above the ground in feet)

Solution:

1. How will you visualize the problem?

Step: Illustrate the problem.

10,000 ft.
25sec 10 sec

8
2. What is the formula for the distance of falling objects?
Step: Write the formula.
𝒅 = −𝟏𝟔𝒕𝟐 + 𝒅𝟎
3. What is the distance after 10 and 25 seconds?
Step: Substitute the given values to the formula.
For 10 seconds:
𝑑 = −16𝑡 2 + 𝑑0
𝑑 = −16(10)2 + 10,000
𝑑 = −16(100) + 10,000
𝑑 = −1600 + 10,000
𝑑 = 8,400 𝑓𝑡

For 25 seconds:
𝑑 = −16𝑡 2 + 𝑑0
𝑑 = −16(25)2 + 10,000
𝑑 = −16(625) + 10,000
𝑑 = −10,000 + 10,000
𝑑 = 0𝑓𝑡

4. How will you determine whether your answer is correct or not?

Step: Check the solution.

Problem 3.

A skydiver jumps out of a plane traveling 9,000 ft. above the ground. How
high is the skydiver after 15 seconds? After 20 seconds?

Congratulations, you have

finished the first part of this
module! Now, it’s time to answer
the next tasks. Are you ready?

9
 Solve me, please!

Direction: Solve the following problems. Show your solutions completely.

Workings
1. The dimensions of the window
are 3𝑥 + 10 and 2𝑥 + 6 . What
is the area of the window?

2. Mr. Cruz got ₱500,000 loan for 2

years. He paid ₱19,000 in interest.
What was the interest rate?

3. A coin was dropped from the cliff

and hits the ground after 15
seconds. How high is the cliff?

10
 Great job !
Now, please proceed to the
succeeding activity.

Direction: Read each item carefully then choose the letter of your
answer among the options. Write only the letter on your answer sheet.

1. The dimensions of a refrigerator are: height = 8x + 5 inches, length = 2x – 2 inches, and

width = x + 2 inches. What is the volume of the refrigerator?

A. 20x3+55x2-83x-15
B. 9x3+55x2-83x-60
C. 16x3+26x2-22x-20
D. 24x3+55x2+83x-50
2. The number of cameras produced since May at a plant can be modeled by the function
N(m) = 50m + 600 and the cost per camera can be modeled by C(m) = 4m2-15m+45,
where m is the number of months since May. Based from this model, what is the total
amount of revenue generated by the plant’s camera production on September?

A. 40,000
B. 50,000
C. 35,100
D. 39,200

3. A man jumps out of a building that is 57,000 ft. above the ground. How high is the man above
the ground after 1 second? (Objects fall according to the formula 𝒅 = −𝟏𝟔𝒕𝟐 + 𝒅𝟎 where d is the
height above the earth in feet, t is the time the object falls in seconds, and 𝒅𝟎 is the original
distance or starting height above the ground in feet)

A. 41,000.
B. 46,400 ft.
C. 56,984 ft.
D. 49,230 ft.

11
Pre-Test

1. A 2. A 3. B

Problem 1.

volume=hlw

= (4x – 5)(3x + 1)(2x – 3)

= (12x2-11x-5)(2x-3)

= 24x3-58x2+23x+15 cubic meters

Problem 2.

(t2-7t+30)(6t + 21)

= 6t3-21t2+33t+630

= 6(3)3-21(3)2+33(3)+630

= 702 pesos

Problem 3.

For 15 seconds
𝑑 = −16𝑡 2 + 𝑑0
𝑑 = −16(15)2 + 9,000
𝑑 = −16(225) + 9,000
𝑑 = −3600 + 9,000
𝑑 = 5,400 𝑓𝑡

12
For 20 seconds
𝑑 = −16𝑡 2 + 𝑑0
𝑑 = −16(20)2 + 9,000
𝑑 = −16(400) + 9,000
𝑑 = −6,400 + 9,000
𝑑 = 2600𝑓𝑡

A. Solve me, please!

Solutions
1.
Solution:
𝐴 = 𝐿𝑊
𝐴 = (3𝑥 + 10)(2𝑥 + 6)
𝐴 = 6𝑥 2 + 38𝑥 + 60
𝐴 = 2(3𝑥 2 + 19𝑥 + 30)
𝑨 = 𝟐(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎)(𝒙 + 𝟑)

2.
Solution:

𝐼 = 𝑃𝑅𝑇
19,000 = (500,000)(𝑅)(2)
19,000 = (1,000,000)(𝑅)
19,000 1,000,000𝑅
=
1,000,000 1,000,000
0.019 = 𝑅
𝟏. 𝟗 = 𝑹

3.
Solution:

𝐷 = −16𝑡 2 + 𝑑0
0 = −16(15)2 + 𝑑0
0 = −16(225) + 𝑑0
0 = −3,600 + 𝑑0
𝟑, 𝟔𝟎𝟎 = 𝒅𝟎

13
 1. C 2. D 3. C

References:

Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 10 (DepEd)

Website Link:
https://braingenie.ck12.org/skills/106888

Thank you learner!

Keep safe and healthy.

14