Precalculus:

CONIC SECTIONS:
CIRCLES
 Session Objectives
SHS students in Precalculus are expected to develop the following
learning competencies:
1. define a circle; 3. graph a circle in a rectangular
coordinate system.
2. determine the standard form
and general form of the
equation of a circle; and
 center
CIRCLES
A circle is the set of all points
equidistant to a fixed point.

radius
CIRCLE
 EQUATION OF A CIRLE
Consider a circle
plotted on the
Cartesian Coordinate
plane.
Determine the
coordinates of the
center and its radius.
 EQUATION OF A CIRLE
𝑃 (𝑥, 𝑦)
Assume that we
do not know the
actual coordinates 𝐶 (h , 𝑘)

of the center.
 P(x, y)
CIRCLE
r

C(h, k)

◉By the distance formula

◉PC = r
 EQUATION OF A CIRLE
𝑃 (𝑥, 𝑦)
What if the center
is at the point of
origin? 𝐶 (h , 𝑘)
 STANDARD FORM
of the equation of a circle
The standard form of the equation of a circle whose center
is at the origin with radius, r, is

For any circle whose center have coordinates (h, k) with

radius, r, the standard form of its equation is
CIRCLE
The Standard Form of a circle with a center at (h, k)
and a radius, r

center (3,3)
radius = 2
In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions.

1. Center at the origin, radius 4.

In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions.

2. Center (-4, 3), radius .

In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions.

3. Center (5, -6), tangent to the y – axis.

r = 5 units
 In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions.

4. It has a diameter with endpoints A(-3,2) and

B(7,4)
Find the center of the circle using the
midpoint formula
In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions.

5. Circle in figure 1.7

6. Circle A in Figure 1.9
7. Circle B in Figure 1.9
Try-Out!!!!!!!
SomeApplications
 STANDARD FORM
of the equation of a circle
The standard form of the equation of a circle whose center
is at the origin with radius, r, is

For any circle whose center have coordinates (h, k) with

radius, r, the standard form of its equation is
 LOCATING POINTS
Consider the circle represented by
the equation
( 𝑥 − 2 )2 + ( 𝑦 − 3 )2= 13

Points may be divided into three

categories depending on its
position with reference to the
circle.
 IN, ON, or OUT
Consider the circle with equation,

Determine the location of the following points relative to

the circle.
1. P (-2, 14)
2. Q (-6, 6)
3. R (-10, 9)
4. S (7, 9)
 Complete me…
The points given below are on the circle with equation

Find the missing coordinate for each point.

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
GENERAL FORM
of the equation of a circle

The general form of the equation of a circle is

where
 GENERAL FORM
of the equation of a circle
Transform the following equations into the general form:
Transforming equations
Group the terms based on the
variables.
Complete the square to make each
group of terms a perfect square
trinomial (PST). Add the constants
of the PSTs to the right side.
Express the PSTs as squares of
binomials
Identify the center and radius of the circle with the given
equation. Sketch its graph, and indicate the center.

1.

2.
◉ Solution. The first step is to rewrite each equation in standard form
by completing the square in x and in y. From the standard equation,
we can determine the center and radius.

• Center (3, 0), r = 4

• Center (-3, 5/4), r = 5.5