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  • Anticoagulants

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    Shayan Shayan
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    This document summarizes different types of anticoagulants: 1. Anticoagulants prevent the formation of fibrin clots by inhibiting the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin. There are three major groups: warfarin group, heparin group, and direct thrombin inhibitors. 2. The heparin group includes unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins like enoxaparin. They activate antithrombin which inhibits coagulation factors. Unfractionated heparin is used for patients with severe kidney disease or thrombosis. 3. Oral anticoagulants like warfarin inhibit vitamin K dependent clotting factors and

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    1. Anticoagulants

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    This document summarizes different types of anticoagulants: 1. Anticoagulants prevent the formation of fibrin clots by inhibiting the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin. There are three major groups: warfarin group, heparin group, and direct thrombin inhibitors. 2. The heparin group includes unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins like enoxaparin. They activate antithrombin which inhibits coagulation factors. Unfractionated heparin is used for patients with severe kidney disease or thrombosis. 3. Oral anticoagulants like warfarin inhibit vitamin K dependent clotting factors and

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 views5 pages

    Anticoagulants

    Uploaded by

    Shayan Shayan
    This document summarizes different types of anticoagulants: 1. Anticoagulants prevent the formation of fibrin clots by inhibiting the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin. There are three major groups: warfarin group, heparin group, and direct thrombin inhibitors. 2. The heparin group includes unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins like enoxaparin. They activate antithrombin which inhibits coagulation factors. Unfractionated heparin is used for patients with severe kidney disease or thrombosis. 3. Oral anticoagulants like warfarin inhibit vitamin K dependent clotting factors and

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Anticoagulants

    Blood coagulates by transformation of soluble


    fibrinogen
    •

    into insoluble
    fibrin .

    Anticoagulants are
    drugs which decrease the
    formation of
    Fibrin clots .

    Three :
    major groups are
    •

    cis
    lnlarfarin group
    Iii ,
    Heparin group ( Indirect Thrombin Inhibitors )

    ( Iii ) Direct Thrombin Inhibitors .


    Indirect Thrombin Inhibitor
    •
    Includes ii. Un
    fractionated Heparin
    ciii Low Mol .
    wt Heparin
    (
    iiis
    Fondaparinux
    ( in
    Idraparinuse
    antithrombin
    •
    Act
    by Activating 111 ( AT 111 ) in
    plasma .

    •
    Un
    fractionated Heparin provides this
    scaffolding and thus

    inhibits both
    factor Ia & ✗ a

    Fonda
    • LMKL Heparin s
    &
    parinun only cause
    conformational
    change in AT 111 & thus inhibit
    only factor ✗ a .

    not absorbed Oral Route taken


    •

    Heparin in
    by thus
    by
    5. C or i. u routes .

    It does not cross


    placenta thus
    anticoagulant choice

    in
    pregnancy .

    • 1m14
    Heparin s are
    preferred as initial
    parenteral
    anticoagulants over
    unfraclionated heparin for most

    of indications .
    • Un
    fractionated Heparin is
    preferred over LMKL Heparin
    in :
    ii. Patients with Severe Chronic
    Kidney Disease

    iii. Patients with Thromboembolism

    ( iii.
    Patients with
    Epidural catheters .

    Adverse Effects :

    Most adverse
    ii.
    effect is
    Bleeding .

    iii. Thrombocytopenia
    Iii , Alopecia
    ( Ir ) Osteoporosis
    in
    Hyperkalemia
    evi , Elevation in Hepatic transaminases
    Lviii
    Hypersensitivity Reactions .
    Oral Anticoagulant
    Drugs in this include
    Warfarin Dicumarol
    •

    group ,
    .

    Ace no coumarin , phenetidine .

    Act
    by inhibiting the activation of Hit K
    dependent
    •

    clotting factors .

    Oral
    anticoagulants prevents
    •

    regeneration by inhibiting KOR .

    thus wit k
    dependent factors
    are not activated .

    He

    include
    These
    factors
    Factors I ,
    V11 ,
    I ✗ & ✗
    ,

    well
    as as Anti -

    clotting proteins .

    Protein C & Proteins .

    Warfarin placenta
    •
    can cross

    Fetal lnlarfarin syndrome .

    shows interactions
    •

    lnlarfarin a number of Drug ,


    therefore
    requires dose adjustment .

    Antibiotics ( Broad
    Drugs increasing lnlarfarrin effect
    .
    •

    spectrum )
    •

    Cephalosporins
    •

    Aspirin
    Phenyl but a zone
    • .
    •

    Drugs decreasing klarfarin effect .

    Enzyme inducers

    ( Rifampicin )
    • Oral Contraceptives .

    C
    MedNotes [ www.mednotes.in ]
    Full MedNotes : mednotesebooks.company.site
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