16.

2J 11=160 1×2+174 " -

64=0
171×7--0

¥+1, 4=0
"

y 011×1
¥
=
-
-

,
Todo IR son pintos ordinaries
Proponer solution ✗0=0

✗ = £ Cn (✗ -
oyn
n=O

Y=n§cnx
"

-1
ncnxn
Y
' =
§ ,
" -2

1) Cnx
"=§°znln
-

Y
 -2
( Iti) Then -
1) Cnxn -
6£ cnx
"
=
0
n=o

I 0
"
-2

Ñ=z Cnxn
=
Gcnx
Enln -

1) Cnxn + Inch - 1) -

n=O
n=z
N=n
sea
sea N=h sea N=n -2
N +2=4 N
I XN=O
1) CNXN § 6cm
to

IN +2) ( Ntz 1) Cµ+zX

-

1-
E WIN
-

N=O
.

Nt 2=2

I GCNXN
N=2
"
=
0
§ ( Nt2) (NH) ( ntzx
to

CNXN
-

t
ENCN -

1)
N = 0
N=O

ÉCNt2)CNt1)Cw+zXN
N=2

1) CNXN
'

2CzX°t 3.2cg ✗ +
IN CN
+
N=2
-

£ GCNXN
'
•
0
-
66×0 -
6C, X -
=

§6CN✗N=Q
N=2

CNXN Zentz)CNtDCw+z✗N
•

{ NIN
-

241-66×-6 Co -
6CiX 1-
-

1) -

N=z N=2 00
N=z N

Zcz -
Coco + (66-64)×+05 [ NIN 1) CN
-
-
(Nta) (NH) Cw+z
-

6cm ]×N=§o0×
N=2
 2Cz=6Co Cz=3Co
Zcz -610=0
C3=C ,
6cg -
64=0

WIN 1) ( n ( Nlt) (NH) Cntz

-

GCN = 0
v22
-
-

Cntz
Despejar a

NIN 1) Cw -6cm
-
= CNTZ) (NH) ( Ntz

[NCN -1) -

6) Cn = ( Nts) (NH) Cntz

%uI%+?
Relacion =
Cntz Nzz
de
recurrencia
 Cz =3 Co ,
↳ = Ci

↳
Cnn =

Co
¥¥3
Cz Co
Cy -4%
-

24¥
N=Z Cz =
-

= =
=

04--0
w =3 Cs =

3%-46-4 =

43¥04 12¥ ÷
C 4
¥¥¥-y Co =
§ co
- -

=
(
=

N=4 6 = =

0
N=S G-
sY Cs
= =

N=6 Coo =
6.gs?y6---30g-.?-=2o?-oaco---I!j?joYj?x-.qE0=-g?4z-c0
N=7 C9 = 0
La solucion es :

CZXZ + 3×31-4×4
§
" + ( +
Cot Cn ✗
. .
. .

= Cnx =

2%6×8
4=0 °
" 1-
36×2+4×3 Cox + oxs -

f- Cox
- • • .

Co t Cr ✗ +
-

y =

3
[ ]
Y = Co [ 11-3×2 -
"
× -
Is
°
✗ -

¥118T . . .
] t C , ✗+ ✗

Solve.io?n
general
 £0bn
N
✗ = .

0
E Cw ✗ +

boX°tbiX'tbzX?b XI
N=0
N=2

tcsxst
> " > . .

+
.

't Czx + Cyx =

Czx I
. . . -

E
-

= '
O
§ botbnx
N " =
+
"
t bnx
⇐zcwx N = 2

cwtbw )XN
botbnx 0
§
=
+
(
N=z
 16.3J solucion pintos singulars

c1aÉn
#① 11
+4×2×1+34=0

y
"
t 4¥ , y
'
1-
3-34=0
y
" t 4¥ y
'
+3%4=0
PIX) =
¥ ① (X)
=
¥3
Entrances ✗ =o
es
punto singular
PTX) = PIX)X ☒ = ① 1×1×2
PTX) =
¥ . -1=4 ⑦T×j=¥.x2= ¥
151×1=4 ¥ =

pwto singular irregular

?⃝
 't zy =O←
#④ Zxy
"
-

y
"
-

Ex y
'
+ ¥y=O
Ix ① 1×1=17
PCX)=
-

✗= O es punto singular 2

☒ =
f- ✗

¥
.

PTX) = .
✗

①☒ ✗
=

PTX) = -

I
11=0 es
punto singular regular
Teo .
Frobenius
solved ones de una F- DO
se poedenobtener
alrededor de un Punto singular regular •
"

Calx Xo)
§
"
"= )rE
-

cnlx - Xo ) ( x xo
-

de la forma y
=

n=O
h=O
 solucion
Proposer

✗
= § cnxntr
h=O
-1

Y
'
= § Cntrjcnxhtr
h=O
-2

"
so
Intr )Cn+r
- 1) Cnxntr
Y = I
n -0
y
" '
- sustituir Zxy -

y +24=0
-2
""

ÉCnÑ
" -1
2 -

§(n+r ) Cnxntr 1- 2X ntrcntr 1) Cnx

- = 0
h=O n=O
-1
n=O
IF "

§2CnX^+* - § (ntv) cnxntr +

•

E. zcntr) ( ntr 1) Cnx

-
""
= 0

n=O h=O
""
h=O
1) Cnx
"
-1=0
I zcntrcntr
×r§?jn+r)CnX
-
✓
"

×r§zcnX -
+ ✗
h=O
n=O
 N = n - l
N=h -1
sea N=n Ntl = n
Ntl h

)Cn+,Ñ=O
=

xrEwH+r)Cn+,XN £2 ( Ntltr ) ( Ntr

ao

ÉZCNXN -
+

N= -
I
N=O N = -
I

zcnxn-xrrcox-1-xrs.CN#1tr)Cn+,xN-xrzrCr-i)CoX-tN--ON--O
•

§
,×N=O ) (Ntr) Cnt
+
§ 2lNHtr
zcntltr) (Ntr
)Cn+iÑ
Étxr [ - rco + Zrlr -
1) Co] + I [ zcn -
( Ntltr) Cnt, +

-
N -0 = 0
= EOXW
- rcotzrcr -
1) (0=0
zrZ2r=0 Rakes
]
-
r +
zr2 3r
= O r,=o indicates
=3
-

r,
rlzr -31=0
 e

=o
2cm

cwt,
Despejar para
0
(Ntltr ) ] Cnt ,
=

[ zovtltr ) (Ntr)
-

2cm +

+ [ [Ntltr) ( Untv) -
1) ] Cut, -_ 0
2cm
Relacion
↳"
=(nI,¥Y÷g , ,
de
recurrence
'a

Caso r -0 Caso r=§

cw+i=Tn?%¥ CN" =

-cw¥÷zn+_z )

Zgco
-2¥
N=0

-2§÷
-

N=0 C, = =
- Zco C, =
=

N =\ (2 =
. .
N=1
Cz =
. ←
, •
 Obtener dos soluci ones 1. I. Cada
por

raiz indicia

§ Cnx
"
Co tax + CZXZ 1- . .
.

✗ =

y
=
,
n=O

Co = 1

Ya = Co -
2 COX 1- . . .

X 1-
=
I -
. . .

%
co tax't Czx
't )
XZ ⇐ocnx
"
( .
.

✗
.

Yz =

" ) co =L

yz = × ( co -

23 Cox + . . .

Is xsk
"2
+
✗
.
. .
-

=
?⃝
?⃝
La Sol u cion general es

y =
Cry , +
Czyz
16.21
1×2 1) y
"
' akededor de xo=o
t ✗
y y=o
-
-

Proposer y=§cn×n h=0

" -1

Y
'
= § ncnx
h=l
-2

"
§ nln 1) -
Cnxn
y
=

n=2

→
( X? 1) Encn 1)
-
Cnx
" -2
+ ק×n -1
-
§
n=O
cnxn = 0

h= ,
n=2

§ xh 0
"

Enn Éncnx
" =

Zhen Cnxn a.
" -

1) +
1) Cnx
-
-
-

h= I n=0
h=z
n=z
N=h
sea N=h .N=n -2 N=n
n=N+z
 §
N
I can XN = O

CNXN ÉIN +211 rcw+Ñ

Wcw ✗
-

µ?z
+
N =0
Eww -11
-

N= '

CNXW
a.

[ NCNXN O
=

XN E
I Cnt
-

2) (NH) Cntz
to
+

E WIN 1) ( w
- XN -

N =/
N=o

{WCNÉN
N=O
N=2
N
XN
_-
+
(NH ) Cntz +
'
E ( Nt2)
1) CNXN
to
W=z
-

EN IN -

N=2
N=2
-

E.cn = o

CN ] Ñ = 0
-1N CN
§[
-

Nts) (NH Cwtz

)
-
2C2- Co -
6 ↳X
-
C # ✗ + ✗ + win 1) Cn
-
-
(
@

N=2
1) CN ] XN= EOXN
) (Ntz + IN
00 -

(Ntz) (NH
E[ NCN 1) (n N IO
CSX
-

2G C 6 +
-
-
-

- o

N =2
F- ntonces

Zcz -6=0
_2Cz=CÑ
Eco
-

Cz= -

(3=0
-
66=0

WIN 1) Cw
-
-
( Ntz) ( Ntl)Cw±z+ (N 1) Cw=O
-

NIN 1) Cnt CN 1) Cw
-
-
= (NH) (NH) (Ntz

( Nt2) (NH) Cntz

(Ntl )(N -
1) CN =

N >_2
Relacionde
lNt¥¥¥N_
Cntz
=
recurrence'a
 Cz =
-

12 Co ,
( 3=0

cm-i-YI .in?-,cnNs-2N=2Cu- 3;.z-cz=- g-?j-.z-.i- -3f-.' °

Cs
4g÷C3
= = 0
N =3

s.jo?j?z.?-,---s??-1-
↳

" co
={÷c
-

"
?=
=

Cs = 0 =
Cq Cu =
Czw +1=0
G-
=

N=s =

7.gs?.j?j?;?,-.z.io---7-s-sj
c•=7¥lo
Y ?.' - GN--0ci o =9o?a-0---
N=° ' =
-

%EE.E.se?;?j?-.-i.i--- " ;s°

 Czw +1 = 0

co
Can =

La so lucion general GXZT

§=o Cnxn Co Cn ✗ +
+ . .
.

t.3.gg#7cox8-.
=

y
=
°

1.363¥
Co ✗
6×4
. .

1¥
-

Eco X2
_

Co * ✗
-

c,
y =
-

]
"

"3j?-
c. ✗
Co
[ 1-2×2 1¥ ×
✗ +
-

Y
- . . .

i
-
= -

opcional

t.rs?fjs.i--l2N-D-,x2N ]
+ ce ✗

y
= co [ i - É
N= 1

solo cion
general
 de Frobenius
"
't cloudy -0
16.3J Teorema aux)y tancxy

soluciones L.I. alrededor de un

F- xisten dos
la forma
de
Punto singular regular
§
"
N
""
)r Cn IX Xo )
-

E Cnlx Xo)
-
=
(✗ -
✗o
n=O
n=O
les
donde ri y rz son voices indicia que

un mimer no enter 0
difieren
.

por
16.3J
'
alrededor del punto singular
#⑤ Resolver F- DO
Pix) 011×7
✗ =O
regular .

2×4
" -

y
'
+24=0 y
"
y
'
+
⑦ 4=0
oo

Proposer y
=
E cnxntr
n=o
I

Cnxntr
-

00

Y' =
{ ( ntr )
n=O
-2
Cnxntr
Y
"
= § cntrjcntr 1)-

# h=O

cnxntr
-1
z€n✗n+r=O
§
-2

2.✗ Ecntrcntr -
1) Cnxntr -
entry +
4=0
n=O
n=o
""
"

§?zcn×
"" __ 0

⇐ntncntr -
1) Cnx
" ""
-
§ entry cnx +

n=O
n=o
 Ézcnx ]
"
-1 0
§ cntrcnxh
" =

Cnxh +

[ §
1)
•
zlntr ) Cntr
-
-

✗ n=O
h=O
h=O
✓
Asumir ✗ =/ 0

[ zcnx 0
' " =

§ Cnxn
-

" -1 +
( ntv )
£ zcntr) Cntr
1) Cnx-
-

" =°

n=o
4=0
,
n=N
µ=n -

-1
N=n

§ ZCNXN
sea n Ntl
-0
=

n= Ntl

XW
so

E (Ntltr
)Cw+iXN +

£ ( Ntltr)( Ntr ) Cnt, N=0

-

2
Ntl =O
Ntl __ 0

to
) ( Ntr)CN+,
XN - I (NHtr1Cn+,×Nt§2CnXN=O N=O
Ezcntltr N= -
l
N= -
I
 l
I cntltr )Cn+ ,
XN
north Cnti XN
-

"
§ r Cox -
-

2 (NH +
X t
Ztfo
N = 0
-

W=O
+ § zcnXN=0
]Ñ= 0
N=O

§ [ zcntitr) ( Ntv) Corti

"

Cox [ zrcr -1) -

r ] + -
( Ntltr) Cnt , +2 CN
N=O
0
zlntltr) (Ntv) CNH ( NH tr) ( NH +2 CN
=
-

r 0
Zr (r 1)
=
0
-

1) Cnt, Cn
-

( Ntltr) ( 2CNtr)
- + 2 =

0
2-2 r r =

Ecuacion
zr
-

v2 -3 r =o
¥,¥h
2 indicia CN " =

rczr -31=0
Zr -3=0
rn = 0 recurrence a
1=3-2 Relacion de

rakes indicia es
 rn = 0 rz =

Iz

"=,j?E+
one Cw

_,2z÷-
Ci 26 Cn
Is co
N=o =
= N=0 = -

N=1 Cz=
_¥÷= -2 Co

n a=-¥¥=¥
"

:
,=xr§=oCn× -2sc°
"

y Cz =

✓
Caxtczx
't )
( ÷
-

cot
Czxtt
.

)
.

✗
4.
=
✓
( Cotc , ✗ +
. .
.

Yz ✗
1-26×-26×2 +
=

)
?FcÑ+
°
( 312 )
'
' -

✗ co ( co 3g Cox -

y, yz= ✗
- . - .
=

Co 1- 2 Cox
-
26×21--0 -

co = ,
+"
y "
Is XS
=
co =L
3k
¥
,
✗ + . .

2×-2×2
.

yz= ✗
-
-

1- ,
Yi
=
I + . . .
Solo cion general
y =
Cry + Czyz
16.2=1
" '
y
"+×i-y=o ✗ =±1 pintos singular
#⑧ ( x2
-

1) y + ✗y -4=0 ✗
£71111 }
pintos
ordinaries
oyn
0

Cn ( ✗
Proponet solucion y= {
-
✗

h=0

✗ 0=0
considerate
0 "
Cotcaxtczx
't
Cnx
. . .

y=E h=O
'

Y' =§ ncnxn
-

,
-2

cnxn
y
"=§ ncn 1)
-

h=2
 £ cnxh
" -2
"'

( ×? 1) & I
non 1) Cnx ncnx = 0
+ ✗
-
-

n=o
>
[
"

+I
"
Cnx = 0
Inch
-2
ncnx
1) Cnxn
?=z
" -

Enln 1) Cnx
-

- -

"='
h=O
n=z N=n
N=n
N=n -2
N=h
CNXN
sea

§ NCNXN §
n=Nt2 = 0

£ Cn+zXN
-

+
£ NIN 1) -
CNXN - ( Ntzlntz 1)
-

N =L
N=O

N=2 Nt2=2

ENCNXN £
00
CNXN = O

£ ( NH) ( NH) Cn+zXN +

-

£ NCN -
1) CNXN -

N=0
N =/
N=O

N=2

d- § ( NH) ( Ntl )Cn+zXN

1) CNXN
°

£ NIN -
2.1 Cz ✗ -
3.2 ↳ ✗
§cnÑ=O
-

N=2
N=2 '

ÉNCNXN
°
'
co ✗ c. × -

ice ✗ + -

+
-

N=2
N=2

tcx-cxtnzz.NL#Nt2NtN-ztNCN--CnJXN--O--&oxNN--
N

-
Za -
Co -

6C>✗
0
 "

-
2.cz -
Co = 0 - 2Cz= Co

G. = -

E-
65=0 G=O

= 0
1-2) (NH) Cwtztwcn Cw
NCN 1) ( n ☒
-

- -

Cntz
Despejav para

NCN ( Ntz) (NH) ( wtz

NCN 1) Cw Cn =
- 1- -

1) Cn = ( Ntz) ( NH) ( Ntz

NIN 1) Cwt ( N
-

( NFL) ( NH) Cntz

( Ntl)(N 1) Cw
-
=

Cntz Relacionde
N°-2
,¥¥fY¥→
= -

recurrence a
 ¥ !
S 4.3.2 )
'

In 1)
-

G Cz O
.

n
-

n
-
-
-
= = =
,
'n
cn+z=Yn¥¥n,
-?¥,↳= -2¥
" "

cu=3÷É= -2¥
• =

Czwti = 0
G- =Cq=Cu=O
4¥43
W =3 Cs = =
0

sg.jo?j?j?-z.F---s-3g?.-7j?¥j??j÷?=
C6=§?s_C4
1-C0N--6C8--7g.z-6--
N=4
-

t.s.si?-3-1-c0Czn=-I*.Es.77---2N-1)-
-

Co
 Solo cion general 3
F Cz ✗ +
£ cnxn Co + a ✗ + Cz ✗
. . .

y
=

n= O
°

S-3j3÷
"

3¥
"
✗
-

G- x2
↳
. .

×
.

Co t Cr ✗
-
-

y
=
,

Co [ I -

I :X
?
-

3¥
"
× -

s% ✗
6- . . .
] t Cr ✗
y =
.

opcional
? ]
"

y = co [ É Y"%j?"
i -
× + a ✗
w
)
Yz (X
n,
CFS 4 YIN Yzlxl}
,
16.3J
tancxyltaocxy-O-eoremadet-r-oben.us
"
any

de la forma
2 soluciones L I
Se puedenobtener
.

"

I Cnt -
Xo)
""
= (x ✗
-
05£ cnlx -
Xo)

y = h=o
h=0

r son dos raises indicia les que

donde
entero Xo
in ncimero no y
difieren por

es en punto singular regular .

 #⑨
'
"
Y +24=0 alvededor ' del punto
ZXY -

"" r
singular ✗ =O

§
.

Cn ✗ = Cox tcnxrtltczxrtz
Proposer y
=

n=O
-1
/
00

Cntr )
Cnxntr
Y
=
E
h=O ntr -2
1) Cn ✗
§ (ntv )
(ntr -

"
Y =

z×Én×n+r
n=o Iv
www.xntr-li-zzcm/n+r--on--O
to
-2
g- -

h=O
n=o
""
" "" '

§cn+r ) cnxntr § ✗ =O
-

②n=O
zcntrcntr 1)- Cnx -

n=0
+
4=0
zcn

[ zcnx ]
"
""
=O
Écntr )
""

[ [
r zcntrlcntr 1) Cnx-
-
Cnx +
✗ n=O 4=0
n=0
"
' " '
E- zcnx =O
-

¥0 ⇐ocntncnx
"

✗
⇐ozcntrscntr - 1) Cnx - +
n=O
 N=n -7 N=n
N=h -
l NH
sea n =
^
Ntl
XN § O
n =
=
2cm ✗
to

Ntltr 1) ( n+,
XN § ( NHN ) (n+, +
Ezcntltr) (
-

NIO
N +1=0

Ntl = O
ZCNXN
N
N 0
E.
N =

) Cnt,
XN § ( Ntltr ) cn+, ✗
+
N=O
( Ntltr ) (Ntv
-

E 2 N= I

CNHXN
-

N= l -
- l to

( Ntltr )
N
Cox E
't § Zcntltr) (Ntr)CN+ ✗
-

'
- r
,
zrlr 1)-

Cox N=0

§ ZCNXN
N=0
= 0
+
N=O
so
]XN= 0
coÉ[zI] [ 2-CNt-r-n-N-tcn-z.no
Zrcr-1) -
r=O zcwtltrllwtrcwti-CNI-ltrcntil-2.CN __ 0

( Ntltr)( Zcntr )
1) ( NH + 2Cn=O
zrZ_2r r=0
-

ECUAÑÉ "
1) Guti -126=0
zrz 3r=0 entity )(zNt2r
-

indicia

rlzr -33=0
CNH =
-2€,
,

Zr -3=0 Cntltr )(2Nt2r 1) -

r=O

r=3_z tzelacion de

recurrence'd
Raicesindiciales
 r, = 0
rz=3z
Cnn =

¥ ""
=iw?¥F+
N=o
Ci=-,2 = +26 N=0

G=-§2÷= -2¥
N=lCz=-z¥e= -¥÷= -2¥ __-¥µ↳
-4=-26
N " " =

: ÷
Cotcnxtczxt ) ?
( Zscox ¥µcÑ )
- -

(
- -

y ,=×r × co
- .
-
- -

yz =

✗
°

( co -126×-26×2 t . - .
) co =\
y
2-sx.sk ¥4117k
=
,

3k
]
- . .

2×-2×2
.

1- ✗
-

[ It yz=
. . -

Co
.

Ya =

Co -4

41=11-2×-2×7 . . .
+
Solucion general

y
=
Cry , 1-
Czyz