Basic Concepts of Electricity

Resistivity and Conductivity

Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)

1) A conductor carrying current as in the figure, so the total electric charge passes through it in 12sec
equals:

(A) 120C

(B) 60C

(C) 80C

(D) Zero

2) The opposite graph represents the relation between the intensity (I) of the current that is passing in each
of the two conductors (x), (y) and time (t), the ratio between the quantities of charges that are passing
Qx
through a cross section of each of them within the same interval of time is:
Qy

1
(A)
2

1
(B)
5

2
(C)
1

5
(D)
1

1
3) According to Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, the electron of a hydrogen atom moves in a circular
orbit of radius 5.3×10–11m with a speed of 2.2×106m/s, hence the electric current intensity due to the
motion of this electron is approximately equal to ……….

(A) 3×10–3A

(B) 2×10–3A

(C) 10–3A

(D) 0.5×10–3A

4) The electron in the hydrogen atom rotates in a circular path in a periodic time 1.6×10-16s, so the current
intensity that resulted from the rotation is:

(A) 1mA

(B) 0.1mA

(C) 1.6×10-19A

(D) Zero

2
5) What will be the energy used by a battery if the battery has to drive 6.28×1018 electrons with potential
difference of 20V across its terminals? (The charge of the electron is known to be 1.6 × 10-19 Coulomb)?

(A) 5 Joule

(B) 10 Joule

(C) 15 Joule

(D) 20 Joule

6) The opposite graphs show the relation between the resistance (R) of a regular wire with its length, and
reciprocal of area. What is the length that could be done if the cross-sectional area is 1mm2?

(A) 240m

(B) 248m

(C) 240Km

(D) 248km

3
7) In the experiment to achieve ohm’s law by using two copper wires (A) and (B) have the same length and
the result is represented graphically as in the figure. Which of the following statements is the correct
conclusion for the results of the experiment?

(A) Wire (A) is thicker than wire (B).

(B) Wire (B) is thicker than wire (A).

(C) The resistance of wire (B) is greater than the resistance of wire (A).

(D) The resistivity is different for each wire.

8) The opposite graph illustrates the relation between the electric current intensity (I) and (VA/L) for three
wires (1, 2 and 3),the wire has the greatest resistivity is:

(A) Wire (3).

(B) Wire (2).

(C) Wire (1).

(D) All have the same resistivity.

4
9) The shown figure represents the relation between the electric resistance (R) and the length (L) of three
different materials (A), (B) and (C) have the same cross-sectional area, so the arrangement of their
electric conductivity is:

(A) C  B  A

(B) A  B  C

(C) B  A  C

(D) C  B  A

10) Three metallic wires of same material (A), (B) and (C), different in cross-sectional area. Recorded in a
relation between the resistance of each wire with different lengths as represented in the graph, so the wire
that has greatest area is: [

(A) (A)

(B) (B)

(C) (C)

(D) All have the same area.

5
11) In the opposite figure four copper wires, so the wire of lower resistance is:

(A) Wire (A)

(B) Wire (B)

(C) Wire (C)

(D) Wire (D)

12) If the cross-sectional area of a conductor increases with constant length, so ………… increases.

(A) its resistance

(B) its resistivity

(C) the current intensity passing through it

(D) the emf of the battery connected with it

6
13) If the ratio between the masses of three metallic conductors of same material (A), (B), (C) is 1 : 3 : 5
respectively and the ratio between their lengths is 5 : 3 : 1, so the ratio between their resistances is:

(A) 1 : 1 : 1

(B) 1 : 3 : 5

(C) 5 : 3 : 1

(D) 125 : 15 : 1

14) A conductor of resistance 3Ω, its volume is 3cm3 and the resistivity of it is (ρ), so its length is …….mm.

3
(A)


1
(B)


3
(C)



(D)
3

7
15) Suppose that you wish to fabricate a wire of a uniform cross-sectional area out of 1gm of copper.
If the wire is to have a resistance (R) = 0.5 and if all of the copper is to be used.
Given that: (density (ρ) = 8.92×103Kg/m3, resistivity (ρe) = 1.7×10-8Ω.m and  = 3.14). What will be the
diameter of the wire?

(A) 1.816m

(B) 0.0842m

(C) 2.8×10-4m

(D) 1.4×10-4m

16) The opposite diagram shows a section of a conductor whose resistivity is (ρe). If the cross sectional areas
of its two terminals are different, the value of the potential difference across it is …….

  L
(A) equal to  I  e 
 A 

  L
(B) less than  I  e 
 A 

  L
(C) greater than  I  e 
 A 

  L
(D) equal to  I  e 
 2A 

8
17) A rectangular block of copper has sides of length 10cm, 20cm and 40cm. If the block is connected to a 6V
source across two of its opposite faces, knowing that the resistivity of copper equals 1.7×10-8Ω.m. The
maximum current that the block can carry equals …………

(A) 17.64×106A

(B) 2.125×106A

(C) 282.35×106A

(D) 228.35×106A

18) A conductor of length (L) and cross-sectional area (A) is made of a material of electric conductivity (σ),
if a potential difference (V) is applied between its terminals, a quantity of electric charge (Q) passes
through a cross-section of the conductor within a time (t), so which of the following mathematical
relations is correct for this conductor?

V
(A) Q 
ALt

V
(B) Q 
ALt

Vt
(C) Q 
AL

VAt
(D) Q 
L

9
19) The opposite graph represents the relation between the potential difference between the terminals of a
conductor on the vertical axis and the current intensity multiplied by the length on the horizontal axis.
Knowing that: ρe = 1.2×10-6Ω.m, so the cross-sectional area of this conductor is:

(A) 33mm2

(B) 12mm2

(C) 15mm2

(D) 3.3mm2

11
 Ratio between Two Resistors
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)
1) Two wires are of same length and same resistance but one of them is made of copper and the other is
r 
made of iron, so the ratio between their radii  Fe  equals …...
 rCu 
(e ) Fe
(A)
(e ) Cu

(e ) Fe
(B)
(e )Cu

(e )Cu
(C)
(e ) Fe

(e ) Fe
(D)
(e )Cu

2) The opposite graph represents the variation of the potential difference (V) across the two wires (x and y)
that have the same length at constant temperature. If the ratio between the cross-sectional areas of the two
A   12  ( )
wires  x  equals   , so the ratio between the resistivities of their materials e x equals ….......
A   25  (e ) y
 y
2
(A)
1
1
(B)
1
1
(C)
4
1
(D)
7

11
3) Two conductors of the same material and length have different resistances. Conductor (A) is a solid 1mm
diameter wire. Conductor (B) is a tube of inner diameter 1mm and outer diameter 2mm. The ratio of the
resistances of conductor (A) to conductor (B) is ………………

(A) 3:1

(B) 1:3

(C) 2:3

(D) 3:4

4) A solid wire of radius 1mm, another one in the form of a tube has inner and outer radius (1mm, 2mm)
respectively, they are of the same material and have the same length, so the ratio between their resistances
is:

(A) 4:1

(B) 9:1

(C) 9:4

(D) 3:1

12
5) The figure shows a solid cuboid made of a conduction material, the same battery connected with the
cuboid between (a) and (b) in each case.

The ratio between the electric current intensity passes through the cuboid in each case (I1 /I2) is:

44
(A)
10

9
(B)
4

4
(C)
9

10
(D)
44

6) An aluminum cable of radius 9mm and resistance 5Ω is replaced by another cable of 6 thin aluminum
wires each of radius 3mm and of same length, so the resistance of the second cable is …..

(A) 3Ω

(B) 18Ω

(C) 15Ω

(D) 7.5Ω

13
7) Two aluminum wires (A) and (B) have the same resistance, if the length of wire (A) is four times the
length of the wire (B), so the ratio between the diameter of wire (A) to the diameter of wire (B) is:

(A) 2/1

(B) 1/2

(C) 1

(D) 3/2

14
 Series and Parallel Connection

General Problems
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)

1) The opposite diagram shows a section of a conductor that carries an electric current, so which of the
following choices shows the relation among current intensities at the cross-sections (x, y and z)?

(A) Ix > Iy > Iz

(B) Ix = Iy = Iz

(C) Ix < Iy > Iz

(D) Ix < Iy < Iz

2) Nine copper wires of length (L) and diameter (d) are connected in parallel to form a single composite
conductor of resistance (R). The diameter (D) of a single copper wire of length (L) is …………, if it is
having the same resistance.
(A) D = 3d

(B) D = 2d

d
(C) D 
3
d
(D) D 
2

15
3) A current of intensity 8 milli-Ampere passed in thin metal wire (AB). When it was connected in parallel
with another wire of the same length and from the same material, the intensity of the current was to be
increased in the circuit to 10 milli-Ampere to keep the potential difference between (A) and (B) constant.
The ratio between the diameter of the first wire to the second is …………

(A) 2:1

(B) 3:2

(C) 3:1

(D) 1:4

4) A wire of length 120cm, its resistance per unit length 8Ω.m-1, divided into 3 equal parts and one of them
is shaped as a ring then connected with the rest parts. The equivalent resistance between its terminals (A)
and (B) is ………

(A) 8Ω

(B) 6.8Ω

(C) 9.6Ω

(D) 7.2Ω

16
5) A cable of length 22m consists of 28 thin wires and the diameter of each wire is 2mm from a material of
resistivity 8×10-7Ω.m, so the resistance of the cable is …….

(A) 5.6Ω

(B) 2.8Ω

(C) 0.2Ω

(D) 0.58Ω

6) In the opposite figure two conductors (X) and (Y) made of same material, the resistance between (L) and
(K) is 18Ω, so the resistance of conductor (X) is ……..

(A) 6Ω

(B) 12Ω

(C) 10Ω

(D) 16Ω

17
7) Two cables made of copper and aluminum, the cross-sectional area of them is (A) and the length of them
is (L), one of them is (X) and the other is (Y), so ………..
(Knowing that: ρCu = 1.7×10-8Ω.m and ρAl = 2.8×10-8Ω.m)

(A) The resistance of them are equal.

(B) The resistance of (Y) is greater.

(C) The resistance of (X) is greater.

(D) Can’t be determined.

18
 Series and Parallel Connection
Equivalent Resistance Problems
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)
1) The equivalent resistance for three resistors of values (R), (2R) and (3R) when the potential difference
between the terminals of each of them are 4V, 4V and 18V respectively equals ………..

8
(A) R
3

10
(B) R
3

11
(C) R
3

12
(D) R
3

2) A metallic wire has a uniform cross-sectional area (A), a length (L) and a resistance (R). If (1/3) of the
length of this wire is folded to become adjacent to part of the wire as shown in the opposite figure, the
resistance of the wire becomes …….

(A) R/6

(B) R/4

(C) R/3

(D) R/2

19
3) From the opposite figure, the equivalent resistance is ……

(A) 5Ω

(B) 1Ω

(C) 4Ω

(D) 8Ω

4) In the opposite electric circuit, the value of the equivalent resistance between the two points (a and b) is:

(A) 3Ω

(B) 7Ω

(C) 9Ω

(D) 11Ω

21
5) In the opposite figure, the equivalent resistance between (A and B) equals:

(A) 3Ω

(B) 6Ω

(C) 9Ω

(D) 10Ω

6) In the opposite circuit, the equivalent resistance between the two points (a and b) is:

(A) 2Ω

(B) 4Ω

(C) 6Ω

(D) 8Ω

21
7) In the opposite circuit, the equivalent resistance between the two points (a and b) is:

(A) 1Ω

(B) 1.5Ω

(C) 2Ω

(D) 2.5Ω

8) The opposite figure shows a section of an electric circuit, so the equivalent resistance between the two
points (x and y) equals:

(A) 2.5Ω

(B) 4.5Ω

(C) 6.8Ω

(D) 12.3Ω

22
9) The equivalent resistance for the opposite electric circuit when connecting an electric source to the
circuit between the points (C and D) equals:

(A) 13.8Ω

(B) 6.41Ω

(C) 3.44Ω

(D) 2.13Ω

10) The equivalent resistance of the opposite circuit is ……

(A) 3Ω

(B) 4Ω

(C) 17Ω

(D) 25Ω

23
11) In the opposite circuit, the equivalent resistance between point (A) and point (B) is … (given that each
resistor equals 10Ω)

(A) 5Ω

(B) 16Ω

(C) 2Ω

(D) 10Ω

12) In the opposite circuit, each resistor of resistance (R), so the equivalent resistance between (X) and (Y) is:
2
(A) R
3
3
(B) R
5
7
(C) R
11
11
(D) R
15

24
13) In the circuit shown, the equivalent resistance between (A) and (B) equals ……

(A) 8Ω

(B) 6Ω

(C) 5Ω

(D) 2Ω

14) In the opposite figure, several identical resistors each of resistance (R), so the total resistance between
the terminals (A & B) is …...

7
(A) R
6

(B) R

3
(C) R
5

2
(D) R
9

25
15) The total resistance between (A) & (B) is …..

8R
(A)
15

15R
(B)
14

7R
(C)
15

15R
(D)
7

16) In the figure, the equivalent resistance between (X), (Y) is ……….

(A) 6Ω

(B) 2Ω

(C) 3Ω

(D) 4Ω

26
17) In the figure, the resistance between (A) and (B) is ……….

(A) 1Ω

(B) 2Ω

(C) 3Ω

(D) 4Ω

18) The total resistance in this circuit between (A, B) is ………..

(A) 2Ω

(B) 3Ω

(C) 4Ω

(D) 8Ω

27
19) The total resistance between (A, B) is …………

(A) 30Ω

(B) zero

(C) 3Ω

(D) 12Ω

20) In the circuit shown in the figure, the resistance between (K) and (M) is:

(A) 6Ω

(B) 5Ω

(C) 2Ω

(D) 12Ω

28
21) The resistance between terminals (a & b) is 75Ω. The value of (R) is ……

(A) 35Ω

(B) 55Ω

(C) 21Ω

(D) 38Ω

29
 Switch and short circuits
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)
1) In the opposite figure two conductors of same material and same cross-sectional area. When the switch
(K) only is closed, the reading of the ammeter was (I1) and when the switch (L) only is closed, the
I1
reading of the ammeter was (I2), so the ratio is …….
I2

1
(A)
4
1
(B)
3
2
(C)
3
(D) 1

2) In the opposite circuit, when the key (A) is closed at point (1) the equivalent resistance was 3Ω, so when
the key is closed at point (2) the equivalent resistance becomes …

(A) 3Ω
5
(B) 
2
9
(C) 
4
(D) 2Ω

31
3) In the circuit shown in the figure, the resistance between (K) and (L) is:

(A) 6Ω

(B) 5Ω

(C) 2Ω

(D) 12Ω

4) In the circuit shown in the figure, the resistance (R\) between (X, Y) is measured, according to the table,
so the resistance (R2) is ……….

(A) 2Ω
R\ K1 K2
(B) 6Ω
12 Opened Opened
(C) 4Ω
10 Opened Closed
(D) 8Ω
6 Closed Opened

31
 Zero current in a branch
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)

1) The total resistance between (A, B) is:

(A) R

R
(B)
2

(C) 4R

(D) 2R

2) In the opposite electric circuit, the ratio between the equivalent resistance of the circuit in the case of
opening and that of closing the switch (K) equals ……….

(A) 1/3

(B) 1/2

(C) 4/3

(D) 5/2

32
 Electric Energy and Electric Power
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)
1) Heat produced in a wire carrying current in 5sec is 60J. The same current is passed through another wire
of half the resistance of the first. The heat produced in 5sec will be:

(A) 120J

(B) 60J

(C) 30J

(D) 15J

2) Two lamps have resistances of 10Ω and (R), the consumed power through them when they are connected
in parallel with a battery is four times the power consumed through them when they are connected in
series with the same battery, then the value of (R) equals ……..

(A) 10Ω

(B) 7.5Ω

(C) 5Ω

(D) 2.5Ω

33
3) A filament in a house with a source 220V, if the length of the filament of a bulb is cut to be decreased by
20%, so its power will ……

(A) Increase by 40%

(B) Increase by 25%

(C) Increase by 20%

(D) Decrease by 20%

4) A source of potential difference (V) is connected across a conductor of cross-sectional area 5cm2 and
length 20m, if the potential difference changed, the current intensity increased to 4 times its value and the
wire drawn uniformly to increase its length, so that the power increase 100 times its value, so the length
of the wire and its cross-sectional area will become ……….

(A) 50m, 5cm2

(B) 50m, 1cm2

(C) 50m, 2cm2

(D) 2m, 50cm2

34
5) Two conductors of same metal, first of resistance (R) and passing through it electrons with rate 1020 electrons/sec
and the second of resistance (2R) passing through it electrons with rate 2×1020 electrons/sec, so the ratio
between the consumed power of the first to that of the second is …….

(A) 4:1

(B) 1:4

(C) 2:1

(D) 1:8

6) A generating power station far from a factory with distance 4km and the electricity is transferred between
them through two copper wires of resistivity 1.6×10-8Ω.m with current 0.5A, if the consumed power
through the two wires is 16W, so the cross-sectional area of the wire is ………

(A) 10-5m2

(B) 2×10-6m2

(C) 4×10-5m2

(D) 8×10-5m2

35
7) Three identical bulbs are connected in series with an electric source of neglected internal resistance, then
connected again in parallel with the same source, so the ratio between the consumed power in the two
circuits is ……….
1
(A)
2
1
(B)
3
1
(C)
6
1
(D)
9

8) When two resistors (R) and (4R) connected in parallel with a battery. The consumed power of resistor (R)
is ……..the consumed power of resistor (4R).

(A) 4 times

(B) double

(C) equal

(D) quarter

36
 Ohm’s Law for Closed Circuit
Choose the correct answer and write the steps of each of the following questions:
Note That:
(All the following questions might be asked in the form of multiple choice or essay questions)
1) The opposite graph represents the variation of the potential difference between the two poles of two
electric cells (x, y) with respect to the electric current intensity that passes in the circuit of each of them,
r 
then the ratio between their internal resistances  x  is ………………
r 
 y
1
(A)
2
1
(B)
3
3
(C)
2
3
(D)
2

2) A car battery has an electromotive force of 12V and an internal resistance of 0.5Ω. The percentage of the
potential difference lost in this battery when it is used to light a lamp with a resistance of 2Ω is ……

(A) 80%

(B) 100%

(C) 20%

(D) 75%

37
3) In the opposite circuit, the resistance (R) equals:

(A) 610Ω

(B) 630Ω

(C) 650Ω

(D) 670Ω

4) In the electric circuit represented in the figure, the internal resistance of the battery is:

(A) 0.5Ω

(B) 1Ω

(C) 2Ω

(D) 4Ω

38
5) A battery of electromotive force 12V and its internal resistance is 2Ω is connected with an electric circuit
has a variable resistance, so the highest power consumed in the external circuit if the passing current is:

(A) 6A

(B) 4A

(C) 3A

(D) 1A

6) Calculate the number of lamps which can be lighten together by a source of electromotive force 230 Volt
its internal resistance 20Ω, if the lamps connected:
(Knowing that resistance of each lamp 10Ω and passing on it a current 1 Ampere)

In series In parallel

(A) 21 11

(B) 11 11

(C) 21 21

(D) 11 21

39