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2020 年 9 月 OIL DRILLING & PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY Sept. 2020
用离散颗粒流数值模拟方法预测气井
金属网布筛管冲蚀寿命
引用格式:翟晓鹏,孟文波,孔祥吉,王尔钧,黄熠,楼一珊. 用离散颗粒流数值模拟方法预测气井金属网布筛管冲蚀寿
命[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2020,42(5):668-672.
摘要:深水气井生产过程中高速流体携带储层砂粒冲蚀筛管易造成筛管防砂失效。目前室内挂片冲蚀实验仅考虑网布因素,
预测的筛管冲蚀寿命误差较大。以气井出砂中常用的金属网布筛管为研究对象,建立全结构三维金属网布筛管数值模拟模型,利用
离散颗粒流 DPM 方法模拟砂粒在筛管中流动冲蚀过程,分析不同流速和浓度下砂粒对金属网布速度分布和冲蚀速率影响,预测金
属网布筛管冲蚀寿命。研究发现:(1) 筛管冲蚀速率与流体速度呈指数关系,与含砂浓度呈线性关系;流速和含砂浓度越大,冲蚀速率
越大;(2) 筛网各层结构流速和冲蚀速率不同,入口流速 0.5~2.0 m/s 之间,第 1 层筛网流速和冲蚀速率是入口流速和冲蚀速率的
2.32~4.20 倍和 10.91~15.96 倍,第 2 层筛网流速和冲蚀速率是入口速度和冲蚀速率的 1.60~2.10 倍和 3.00~5.58 倍;(3) 筛管冲蚀
破坏首先发生在第 1 层筛网,筛管结构造成第 1 层筛网流速扩大是筛网冲蚀破坏的主要原因。利用离散流数值模拟方法预测不同
流速下筛网冲蚀寿命,与现场监测寿命值对比,最小误差 2.0 %。该方法为气井金属网布筛管出砂冲蚀寿命预测提供新的技术手段。
关键词:深层;气井;出砂;筛管;冲蚀速率;冲蚀模型
中图分类号:TE53 文献标识码: A
Citation: ZHAI Xiaopeng, MENG Wenbo, KONG Xiangji, WANG Erjun, HUANG Yi, LOU Yishan. Applying the DPM
numerical simulation method to predict the erosion life of metal mesh screen in gas wells[ J] . Oil Drilling & Production
Technology, 2020, 42(5): 668-672.
Abstract: In the production process of deepwater gas well, high-velocity fluid carries reservoir sand grains to erode the screen,
which is likely to result in sand control failure of the screen. At present, the laboratory coupon erosion experiment only considers the
factors of the mesh, so the error of the predicted screen erosion life is larger. In this paper, a 3D numerical simulation model for the
full structure of metal mesh screen was established by taking the metal mesh screen commonly used for sand control of gas well as the
research object. The flow and erosion process of sand grains in the screen was simulated by means of the discrete particle flow method
(DPM), the influences of sand grains on the velocity distribution and erosion rate of metal mesh at different fluid velocities and
concentrations were analyzed, and the erosion life of metal mesh screen was predicted. It is indicated that the screen erosion rate is in
an exponential relation with fluid velocity and in a linear relation with sand concentration. The higher the fluid velocity and sand
concentration are, the greater the erosion rate is. In addition, the fluid velocity and erosion rate at different mesh layers are different.
When the inlet fluid velocity is in the range of 0.5-2.0 m/s, the fluid velocity and erosion rate at the first mesh layer are 2.32-4.20 times
and 10.91-15.96 times those at the inlet, and the fluid velocity and erosion rate at the second layer are 1.60-2.10 times and 3.00-5.58
times. What’s more, screen erosion damage firstly happens at the first mesh layer, and the increase of the fluid velocity at the first
layer due to the structure of the screen is the main cause of mesh erosion damage. The minimum error between the screen erosion life
predicted by the discrete flow numerical simulation method at different fluid velocities and the value monitored on site is 2.0%. In
conclusion, this method provides a new technical means for predicting sand erosion life of metal mesh screen in gas wells.
Key words: deep layer; gas well; sand production; screen; erosion rate; erosion model
冲蚀过程中质量损失采用冲蚀速率公式为 表1 不同流速和含砂浓度网布冲蚀速率
∑
n
mi C d V k Table 1 Erosion rate at different fluid velocities
E= f (α) (5) and sand concentrations
i=1
Af
含砂浓度3‰ 流体速度2.0 m/s
砂粒在冲蚀过程不断撞击筛网,砂粒对筛网的
流体速度/ 冲蚀速率/ 含砂浓度/ 冲蚀速率/
作用力主要是颗粒间的撞击力和砂粒对筛网的摩擦
(m·s−1) (10−8kg·m−2·s−1) ‰ (10−8kg·m−2·s−1)
力。这个力随着冲击角度随机变化。颗粒冲击-反
0.5 0.76 3 5.02
弹系数为[8]
1 2.01 5 7.52
eN =0.993 − 0.037α + 4.75 × 10−4 α2 − 1.5 2.98 8 13.83
2.61 × 10−6 α3 (6)
2 5.27 10 16.26
−4
eT =0.988 − 0.029α + 6.43 × 10 α − 2
砂浓度下数值模拟筛管冲蚀速率与实验结果对比。
如图 3 所示,冲蚀速率随着含砂浓度增加呈现线性
增长,数值模拟值与实验数据的最大相对误差 9%,
吻合度较好。
20
冲蚀速率/(10-8 kg·m−2·s−1)
实验值
16 数值模拟值
12
8
图5 入口流速 0.5 m/s 各层冲蚀速率分布云图
4 Fig. 5 Cloud map of the distribution of erosion rate at each layer
2 4 6 8 10
含砂浓度/‰ at the inlet fluid velocity of 0.5 m/s