New TS 2000 - 28.09.2020

Light Rail Transit System in Colombo Volume 2,Section-VI-B,TS 200
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

Ministry of Urban Development , Water Supply and
Housing Facilities
IFB No: CLRT/CV/DEPO CIVIL
VOLUME 2. WORKS REQUIREMENTS
Section VI-B Specifications
TS 200 Technical Specification
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM IN COLOMBO
1
Contents
100 GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................... 6

101 ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 6
102 DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS ...................................................................................... 6
103 ARRANGEMENTS FOR TRAFFIC WITH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING
REHABILITATION OR CROSSING OF EXISTING ROADS ............................................................ 6
106 GENERAL RULES FOR MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................... 6
106.1 Lead for Materials .................................................................................................................. 6
109 WORKMANSHIP AND QUALITY CONTROL ........................................................................ 7
109.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 7
109.2 Measurement and Payment ................................................................................................... 7
110 STANDARDS .................................................................................................................................. 7
112 SERVICES ...................................................................................................................................... 7
112.2 Payment ................................................................................................................................... 7
117 SETTING OUT, CROSS SECTION SURVEYS AND DRAWINGS ........................................ 7
118 PROJECT SIGN BOARDS ........................................................................................................... 8
118.1 Description ............................................................................................................................... 8
118.2 Measurement ........................................................................................................................... 8
118.3 Payment ................................................................................................................................... 8
119 PROVISION OF INSURANCE, BONDS AND SECURITIES .................................................. 8
119.1 Description ............................................................................................................................... 8
200 SITE CLEARANCE ..................................................................................................................... 10
201 CLEARING AND GRUBBING................................................................................................... 10
201.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 10
201.2 Construction Requirements ................................................................................................. 10
201.6 Measurement and Payment ................................................................................................. 10
203 UTILITIES RELOCATION ........................................................................................................ 11
204 PROPERTY CONDITION SURVEY......................................................................................... 12
204.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 12
205 MISCELLANEOUS ..................................................................................................................... 13
300 EARTHWORKS ........................................................................................................................... 13
301 ROADWAY EXCAVATION AND PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE IN CUT AREAS .... 13
2
301.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 13
301.2 Classification of Materials .................................................................................................... 13
302 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL OF STRUTURES .............................................................. 15
302.2 Classification of Materials .................................................................................................... 15
405 DENSE GRADED AGGREGATE BASES ................................................................................ 19
501 PRIME COAT............................................................................................................................... 19
502 TACK COAT ................................................................................................................................ 20
506 ASPHALTIC CONCRETE SURFACING ................................................................................ 20
506.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 20
506.2 Materials ................................................................................................................................ 21
506.3 Mix Requirements................................................................................................................. 21
506.4 Job Mix Formula .................................................................................................................. 22
701 ROADSIDE AND LEAD AWAY SURFACE DRAINS ............................................................ 24
701.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 24
704 UNDERGROUND PIPE DRAINS .............................................................................................. 26
705 DRAINAGE BACKFILL BEHIND EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES ......................... 26
807 PRECAST CONCRETE KERBS AND CHANNELS ............................................................... 27
807.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 27
807.2 Materials ................................................................................................................................ 27
808 GUARD RAILS AND WALLS, GUARD STONES, GUIDE POSTS AND BOLLARDS ..... 28
1001 CONCRETE FOR STRUCTURES ............................................................................................ 28
1003 PRESTERSSING FOR STRUCTURES .................................................................................... 31
3
1003.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 31
1003.2 Materials ................................................................................................................................ 32
1003.4 Construction requirements .................................................................................................. 32
1003A SEGMENTAL BOX GIRDER (New Section) ........................................................................ 33
1003A.4.1 Method of Measurement ...................................................................................................... 35
1003A.4.2 Payment ................................................................................................................................. 36
1003B CAST-IN PLACE SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION BY BALANCED CANTILEVER
METHOD .................................................................................................................................................. 36
1003B.4 Measurement and Payment ................................................................................................. 39
1003B.4.1 Method of Measurement ...................................................................................................... 39
1003B.4.2 Payment................................................................................................................................. 39
1004 PILE FOUNDATIONS FOR STRUCTURES ...................................................................... 39
1004.1 Description ............................................................................................................................. 39
1004.2 Materials ................................................................................................................................ 40
1004.3 Manufacturing and protective requirements for piles ...................................................... 40
1004.4 Construction requirements of driven piles ......................................................................... 40
1004.5 Construction requirements of cast in-situ piles (bored piles) ............................................ 40
1004.7 Measurement and Payment .................................................................................................. 41
1021 STRUTURAL STEEL WORK FOR STRUCTURES ............................................................. 47
1021.6 Finishing and Shaping ........................................................................................................... 51
1021.8 Welding ................................................................................................................................... 51
1021.10 Inspection and testing of Welds ............................................................................................ 51
1021.11 Bolted or Riveted Connections ............................................................................................. 54
1021.11A Pins and Rollers (New Sub-Section) ...................................................................................... 56
1021.11A.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 56
1021.11A.2 Boring Pin Holes .................................................................................................................. 56
1021.11A.3 Threads for Bolts and Pins .................................................................................................. 57
1021.11A.4 Eye-bars ................................................................................................................................ 57
1021.12 Trial Erection of Structural Steel Work ............................................................................. 57
1021.13 Permanent Erection of Structural Steel Work ................................................................... 57
1021.14 Protective Treatment of Structural Steelwork against corrosion..................................... 59
1601.2 Horizontal Alignment ........................................................................................................... 62
1601.3 Longitudinal Profile and Pavement Layer Thickness ....................................................... 62
1601.4 Surface Regularity of Subgrade and Pavement Layers .................................................... 62
4
INTRODUCTION
This part of the Specification comprises of “Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance
of Roads and Bridges, Second Edition June 2009 (ICTAD Publication No. SCA/5)” and Special
Provisions.
Reference shall be made to GS 100, TS 300, TS 400 and TS 500 for works not covered herein.
If Bidders do not possess Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges,
Second Edition June 2009 (ICTAD Publication No. SCA/5), purchase may be made from the Construction
Industry Development Authority (CIDA): ICTAD Publication.
“Savsiripaya “123,
Wijerama Mawatha,
Colombo 07. Sri Lanka.
Tel: 94-11-2699801 (Hot Line)
Fax: 94-11-2699738
E-mail:info@cida.gov.lk
The Special Provisions are an amplification of the Standard Specifications for Construction and
Maintenance of Roads and Bridges and contain provisions in respect of items of work at variance with the
Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges and several new items of
work.
The italicized text in parentheses in the Special Provisions provides the instructions on the modifications
to the Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges. Where there is any
ambiguity or discrepancy between the Special Provisions and the Standard Specifications, the requirements
of Special Provisions shall prevail.
Where specific testing standards are stipulated in the Specification, equivalent standards may be substituted
with the approval of the Engineer. However, all costs associated with deviating from the specified testing
standards shall be borne by the Contractor.
Section numbers herein correspond with the numbers of related articles, if any, in the Standard
Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges. The numbering of new Sections is
continuous with related Sections in the Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads
and Bridges. Abbreviations used in the Special Provisions shall have the same meanings as given in Section
101 (Abbreviations) of the Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Roads and
Bridges.
The works covered by this specification comprises of the following:

• Construction of viaduct including pile foundations, box girder, concrete portal frames, prestressed
concrete beams, concrete slab decking.
• Construction of stations including pile foundations, steel framed structures, concourse concrete
slab decking & beams, concrete parapet walls and masonry walls.
• Concrete catch pits and underground drainage pipes.
• Construction of concrete box culverts.
• Road widening works including subbase, road base and asphalt concrete surfacing.
• Temporary roadside drains.
5
SPECIAL PROVISIONS
100 GENERAL
101 ABBREVIATIONS
(Add the following text)
Abbreviations in the Special Provision will represent the same meaning as the respective expressions in
Section 101 of the Standard Specifications. The following abbreviations shall be added to the list.
P.S – Provisional Sum
L.S – Lump Sum
JIS - Japan Industrial Standard
AWS - American Welding Society
102 DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS
Right of Way (ROW)
(Delete the definition and substitute with the following)
Extent of the land legally available for the works.
Utility Services
(Delete the definition and substitute with the following)
Overhead or underground services such as electric and telecommunication poles, cables and appurtenances,
water pipelines, sewage lines etc. which are mostly owned and maintained by various state and private
sector agencies.
103 ARRANGEMENTS FOR TRAFFIC WITH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING

REHABILITATION OR CROSSING OF EXISTING ROADS
(Delete this Section in its entirety)
Reference shall be made to GS 100 for Traffic Arrangement.
106 GENERAL RULES FOR MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
106.1 Lead for Materials
(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)
No transport distances shall be measured for payment. The cost of transport, loading, unloading, piling and
multiple handling of materials are deemed to be included in the bid rates for items of work in the Bill of
Quantities, which involves supply of materials.
6
109 WORKMANSHIP AND QUALITY CONTROL
109.1 General
(Delete the second paragraph and substitute with the following)
The cost of implementing Quality Assurance System including supervision and quality control, including
testing of material and works, carried out by the Contractor shall be deemed to be included in the rates and
prices tendered for the related items of work, except where otherwise specifically provided for in the
Contract.
109.2 Measurement and Payment
(Delete this subsection in its entirety)
110 STANDARDS
(Replace the text under this section with the following)
No Payment shall be made for supplying of Codes of Practices, Standards and Materials References in
Section 110.2.
112 SERVICES
112.2 Payment
The work of temporary supporting and protecting public utility services during execution of the Works
shall be deemed to be included in the Contractor’s rates and prices and no extra payment shall be made for
the same.
The Engineer may instruct the Contractor to assist in the demolition and/or rebuilding of property within
or outside the Right of Way. The amount of work involved shall be determined on Site and as instructed
by the Engineer. Payment for demolition and/or rebuilding of property within or outside the Right of Way
shall be made under a Provisional Sum. The Pay Item and Pay Unit shall be
Pay Item Description Pay Unit
112 (1) Demolition / Rebuilding of property Provisional Sum
117 SETTING OUT, CROSS SECTION SURVEYS AND DRAWINGS
(Delete this Section in its entirety)
Reference shall be made to Section 112 of GS 100.
7
118 PROJECT SIGN BOARDS
118.1 Description
(Delete the first paragraph and substitute following)
The sign boards shall be made to the following requirements. Face plate size not less than 2.5 meters by
2.0 meters having double post supports with concrete foundations containing colour messages and logos to
include project name, name of the Employer, name of the Contractor, name of the Engineer, name of the
funding agency and anticipated completion date in all three languages (Sinhala, Tamil and English) as
shown in drawing. The board shall be galvanized steel of gauge 18 mm thickness. The board shall be erected
with the bottom of the board at a minimum of 2.3 meters above the adjacent ground and clear of motor
traffic.
The Contractor shall provide and install plaques made of granite or any other approved material with
messages and logos approved by the Engineer at locations decided by the Engineer. Face plate size shall
not be less than 1.4 meters by 1.0 meters.
118.2 Measurement
Project Signboards shall be measured as the number of signboards satisfactorily provided, installed,
maintained throughout the Contract period, and removed after completion of works.
Project plaques shall be measured as the number of plaques satisfactorily provided, installed, maintained
throughout the Contract period. At the end of the Contract, all such sign boards shall be removed, and the
ground reinstated to the approval of the Engineer.
The project signboards shall be erected within 2 weeks of the commencement of the Works.
118.3 Payment
Payment shall be made at the stated unit rate per signboard/plaque. The price shall be full compensation
for all materials and labour required to perform the work described.
118(1) Provide and maintain Project sign boards Number
118 (2) Provide and maintain Project plaque Number
119 PROVISION OF INSURANCE, BONDS AND SECURITIES
119.1 Description
8
The Contractor shall provide all insurances for the performance of the work, including at least, those
required under the Conditions of Contract except where specifically allowed for under other items. All
insurance shall cover all the sections of Works.
The Contractor shall submit proposals from a reputed insurer/s for each of the insurance required under the
Conditions of Contract within 28 days after the date of receipt of letter of acceptance and obtain the
Engineer’s approval prior to provide insurances.
Insurance policies shall be maintained and valid through the period of performance of the Contract and
shall be extended when and as necessary.
The Contractor shall also provide a Performance Security for proper performance of the Works, in
accordance with Sub-Clause 4.2 of the Conditions of Contract.
The Contractor shall provide an Advance Payment Guarantee as provided in Sub Clause 14.2 of the
Conditions of Contract.
a. Measurement
The cost of providing all insurances of required duration for the period of performance of the Contract will
be measured under relevant Lump Sum items in the Bill of Quantities
Performance Security shall be measured as a Lump Sum item for the cost of providing the required
Performance Security. Advance Payment Guarantee shall be measured as a Lump Sum item for the cost
of providing the required Advance Payment Guarantee.
b. Payment
Payment for insurances shall be made on submission of the original insurances and proof of payment of
premiums to the Engineer.
Payment shall be made as a Lump Sum and shall be payable when the Contractor has provided satisfactory
Performance Security and Advance Payment Guarantee.
The Contractor shall not be entitled to any additional compensation for extending the validity of insurance
policies unless the relevant period is subject of award of extension of time in accordance with Sub-Clause
8.4 of the General Conditions of Contract.
119(1)a Provide Insurance of the Works Lump Sum
119(1)b Provide Insurance of the Contractor’s equipment Lump Sum
119(1)c Provide Third Party Insurance Lump Sum
119(1)d Provide Workmen’s Compensation Insurance Lump Sum
119(2)a Provide Performance Security Lump Sum
119(2)b Provide Bank Guarantee for Advance Payment Lump Sum
9
200 SITE CLEARANCE
201 CLEARING AND GRUBBING
201.1 Description
(Add the following sentence in the end)
Prior to removal of tree and stump within ROW, the Contractor shall notify by writing to the Engineer for
approval
201.2 Construction Requirements
a. General
(Delete the text and substitute with the following)
Generally clearing and grubbing shall be performed on the areas designated by staking or detailed in the
Contract. If no areas are so designated the areas shall in principle be carried out over the construction
boundary unless otherwise instructed. The Engineer shall instruct to carry out beyond the construction
boundary within Right of Way where necessary for filling etc.
a. Measurement
Clearing and grubbing shall be measured on plan area basis by the square metre, on the actual work done
at site. The work of clearing and grubbing at disposal sites, material sites, and borrow pit sites shall not be
paid for.
Any areas occupied by existing asphalt, concrete or sealed road or otherwise maintained area are excluded
from the designated areas and shall not be included in measurement.
Removal of trees, including stumps and roots unless otherwise specified, of girth less than 600 mm and
overhanging branches of girth less than 300 mm shall be considered as included in clearing and grubbing.
Removal of trees including stumps and roots, as well as stumps and roots of previously felled trees of girth
greater than 600 mm, shall be measured in numbers and separately assessed according to the size categories
given below:
(a) Girth greater than or equal to 600 mm and less than 1,200 mm
(b) Girth greater than or equal to 1,200 mm and less than 2,000 mm
(c) Girth greater than or equal to 2,000 mm
Girth shall be measured at a level of 1.0 m above average ground level, or in case of stumps shorter than
1.0 m, at the highest level of the stumps.
Overhanging branches of trees of girth greater than 300 mm shall be measured as directed by the Engineer.
The girth shall be the girth of cut.
10
b. Payment
(Delete Pay Items 201(2) and 201(6))
203 UTILITIES RELOCATION
203.1 Description
The positions of public and privately-owned utilities, if any, listed on the Drawings and/or tables must be
regarded as indicative only. The Contractor must verify this information and satisfy itself as to the exact
nature and position of all utilities on the Site. The Employer does not guarantee the accuracy of the
information given on the Drawings and/or tables.
Where public utilities such as electricity, water, telephone, gas etc. obstruct the permanent Works, the
Contractor shall liaise with the utility authorities in relation to the relocation of such utilities. The Contractor
shall liaise with the utility authorities to determine the locations of and regulations relevant to the utilities.
The Contractor may be ordered to carry out certain works for and on behalf of various statutory service
authorities and he shall also provide, with the prior approval of the Engineer, such assistance to the various
bodies as, may be authorized by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall entrust the work to a sub-contractor selected among the registered contractors of a
particular utility agency or to any other sub-contractor with the approval of the Engineer, if the utility
agency informs difficulty to carry out an activity related to shifting utilities by their organization.
However, it is the responsibility of the Contractor to initiate the process of getting any of the remaining
utilities at Site shifted during construction in accordance with this Specification. The Employer shall not
be held liable or responsible for any delay in completion of the Works under this Contract which may occur
due to delay in shifting or removing such services unless otherwise the Engineer may decide.
The Contractor shall take any and all measures reasonably required by any public or concerned authority
for full protection of all mains, pipes, cables and other apparatus during the progress of the work and shall
construct and provide to the satisfaction of the Engineer, all works necessary for the prevention of damage
to utilities or interruption of services.
If any underground utility line is encountered unexpectedly, excavation shall cease, and the Engineer shall
be notified immediately. Emergency work, as necessary, shall be put in hand without delay and without
prejudice to the indemnity of the Employer.
If in the execution of the works, by reason of any subsidence caused by any act of neglect, or default of
the Contractor, any damage to any apparatus, or any interruption of, or delay to the provision of any service
is caused, the Contractor shall report it to the Engineer immediately.
The Contractor shall familiarize the Contractor’s employees/staff with the dangers of working near live
sewers and at sewage treatment works, in particular to the risks of physical injury from the explosion of
dangerous gases and / or bacterial infection from contact with sewage and of exposure to poisonous gases,
which may be given off by the sewage. Hydrogen sulphide and methane are prevalent in the sewers and
can exist in excavations where septic sewage from collection tanks is allowed to seep into groundwater. In
the context of this clause, the term sewer includes irrigation mains and drains carrying ground water and /
or storm water.
11
The Contractor shall at all times during the progress of the Works, afford facilities to properly accredited
utility agencies to access all or any of their apparatus situated in or under the Site, as may be necessary for
inspecting, reporting, repair, maintaining, removing renewing or altering such apparatus in connection with
the construction of the Works or any other purpose whatsoever.
The Contractor shall be fully responsible for ensuring observance of the above regulations by the
Contractor’s sub-Contractors, if any.
Where any utility or service works are to be constructed under a separate Contract by the Employer within
the Site, concurrent with the execution of the Works, the Contractor shall cooperate with the other
Contractor and be responsible to fully coordinate construction operations so as to avoid interference with
either Contractor’s operations.
Any public or private service for water, electricity, drainage, telecommunication etc. affected by the Works
shall not be interrupted without the written permission of the Engineer. Such permission will be withheld
until suitable approved permanent or temporary alternative services have been provided by the owner of
the utility or its agents.
When preparing the Program of Works, the Contractor shall give due allowance to comply with this Section
203.
The charted utilities identified in Table No. 1 and the Drawings in the Reference Information have been
collected from available data of the Utility Authorities and traced from manhole locations. Therefore, all
information indicating the position of utilities shall be used for reference only. Uncharted utilities are not
identified in the table nor on the Drawings in the Reference Information.
A set of Drawings entitled “Existing Utilities” showing those services that have been identified as
potentially impacting on the CLRT Permanent Works is contained within the Reference Information and
similarly, Table No. 1 identifies each pier number and the utility likely to be affected by the pier
construction. The information provided on the Drawings and in the table is not warranted with respect to
comprehensiveness, and the nature and location(s) shown for those utilities must be regarded as indicative
only.
204 PROPERTY CONDITION SURVEY
204.1 Description
(Replace the entire sub-section with the following)
The Contractor shall survey the right of way, locate and identify road furniture and all properties within or
adjacent to the right of way that do not require demolition but may be damaged by the Contractor’s
operations. Location shall include position and dimensions in relation to the right of way. Identification
shall include the nature of the property, the type and condition of construction, the magnitude and the
dimensions of the existing damages, the owner and, if different, the occupant, and shall include photographs
of the property and existing damages sufficient to define their type, nature, physical and structural
conditions.
The Contractor shall conduct such surveys before, during and after the Works have passed the location of
any given property. The findings of such surveys shall be used in evaluating representations, if any, from
property owners or occupants regarding allegations of damage to their property arising from the
Contractor’s operations.
12
a. Measurement
Measurements shall be by the kilometre of Right of Way fully surveyed to the Engineer’s satisfaction and
acceptance, as measured along the centre line of the railroad. Fully surveyed shall mean that all the
properties along both sides of the Right of Way have been surveyed.
b. Payment
One half will be paid after the initial Property Condition survey is completed. The remaining half will be
paid after issuing the Taking-Over Certificate. The Contract unit rate specified for the work concerned shall
be full compensation for furnishing all labour, materials, tools equipment and incidentals necessary to
complete this work and as directed by the Engineer.
204(1) Property condition survey km
205 MISCELLANEOUS
(Delete the section in its entirety)
300 EARTHWORKS
301 ROADWAY EXCAVATION AND PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE IN CUT AREAS
301.1 Description
(Delete first paragraph and substitute with the following)
Roadway excavation shall consist of all the required excavation within the limits of construction boundary
except excavation otherwise classified. The work shall include the removal, stockpiling, multiple handling,
hauling and proper utilization in the Works or disposal to spoil tips located by the Contractor and approved
by the Engineer of all excavation materials, and shaping of excavation and preparation of exposed surfaces
of excavation on the entire length of the roadway and approaches, in accordance with the Specification and
the lines, grades, dimensions and cross-sections shown on the Drawings and as required by the Engineer.
301.2 Classification of Materials
(Add following at the end of this sub section
(i) Marshy Materials
Marshy material shall comprise materials from swamps and marshes containing watery peat and other
vegetable matter, including logs, often found to exist in combination with sand, silt and clay which require
special methods for excavation such as grubbing and pumping.
13
(Add following after sub-paragraph (n))
(o) Unless otherwise specified or directed, the method of excavation of marshy material shall be such that
as the marshy material is excavated, the void is filled with an approved granular material with the least
possible delay ensuring thereby, to the extent practicable, the exclusion of all unsuitable material from
within the lateral limits of the roadway.
(Delete the last paragraph)
(a) Measurement
(Delete the last paragraph)
(b) Payment
(Replace the entire text with the following)
The quantities of roadway excavation measured as specified above will be paid for at the Contract unit rates
per cubic metre for the various types as detailed below. Such rates shall include excavating, removal,
stockpiling, multiple handling, haulage to embankment areas for re-use and satisfactory disposal of all
roadway excavation, to designated spoil tips or to spoil tips located by the Contractor and approved by the
Engineer, for shaping, dressing and completion of all surfaces and for furnishing all labour, materials, tools,
equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The rate for topsoil shall include stockpiling or
disposal as instructed. The rates for excavation of unsuitable materials exclude backfill, which shall be
measured and paid for as embankment Type I, embankment Type II, sub-base or base course as the case
may be.
The Contract unit rate specified for the work concerned shall be full compensation for furnishing all labour,
materials, tools, equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the work, including compaction and
trimming to specified tolerances of the top of sub grade as instructed by the Engineer.
301(1) Roadway excavation, soil suitable for fill Cu.m
301(2) Roadway excavation, soft rock Cu.m
301(3) Roadway excavation, hard rock Cu.m
301(4) Roadway excavation, boulders Cu.m
301(5) Roadway excavation, unsuitable soil Cu.m
301(6) Roadway excavation, subgrade replacement Cu.m
301(7) Road pavement excavation Cu.m
301(8) Prepare subgrade in cut areas Sq.m
301(9) Roadway excavation, marshy soil Cu.m
14
302 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL OF STRUTURES
302.2 Classification of Materials
(a) Excavated material
Common excavation material shall include all material (including soft rock) encountered in excavation
except boulders and hard rock. The classification of boulders and hard rock shall be as given in Sub section
301.2.
(Add the following text after (d))
(e) Crushed stone under foundation
Crushed stones shall be placed below the pile cap to provide a level surface. Material for crushed stone
shall consist of suitably graded rock aggregates (maximum size 40mm) as shown in the Drawings.
(Add the following text after (g))
(h) Cofferdam
The term "cofferdam" denotes any temporary or removable structure, constructed to hold the surrounding
earth, water, or both, out of the excavation, whether such structure is constructed of earth, timber, steel,
concrete or any combination of these. The term includes earth dykes, timber cribs, sheet piling, removable
steel shells and all bracing; and it shall be understood to include excavation enclosed by pumping wells and
well points. The cost of cofferdams is always to be included as part of the bid price for the structure.
• The Contractor shall submit upon request Drawings showing the Contractor’s proposed method of
cofferdam. Approval of the Drawings by the Engineer shall not in any way relieve the Contractor
of the responsibility for the adequacy of the design for strength and stability or for the safety of the
people working therein.
• The interior dimensions of cofferdams shall be such as to give sufficient clearance for the
construction and removal of any required forms and the inspection of the interior and to permit
pumping outside the forms.
• If practicable cofferdams shall be so designed that no cross bracing shall be left in place. If this is
not practicable bracing left in place shall be of structural steel. The end of such structural members
that would be exposed when the structure is completed shall be boxed back at least 150mm behind
the concrete face. The resulting holes shall be completely filled with concrete.
• In general sheet-piling cofferdams shall extend well below the bottom of the footing and shall be
well braced and as watertight as practicable.
• When foundation piles are to be driven inside a cofferdam and it is judged impracticable to de-
water the cofferdam before placing a concrete seal, the excavation may be extended below the
15
designed level to a depth sufficient to allow for swell of the material during pile driving operations.
Any material that rises to a level above the design level shall be removed.
• Where it is possible to de-water the cofferdam the foundation material shall be removed to exact
grade after the foundation piles are driven.
• Where the Engineer directs excavation outsides the vertical planes of the footings and foundation
or levels indicated in the Drawings, the excavation & backfill to compensate for the additional
excavation will be paid for under relevant pay item.
• In all other cases, backfilling in a foundation to compensate for excavation, which has been
extended beyond the grades and lines shown on the Drawings, shall be at the expense of the
Contractor.
• Backfilling shall be with concrete or foundation fill material as indicated on the Drawings or as
approved by the Engineer. If no material is indicated, backfilling shall be concrete of the same
grade as required for the structure to be constructed in the excavation. Unless otherwise permitted
no excavation shall be made outside of cofferdams or sheet piling and the natural stream bed
adjacent to the structure shall not be disturbed without permission from the Engineer. If any
• excavation or dredging is made at the site of the structure before cofferdams are in place, the
Contractor shall, after the foundation is in place, backfill all such excavation to the original ground
surface or stream bed with material satisfactory to the Engineer.
• Material posited within the stream area from foundations or other excavations or from the filling
of cofferdams shall be removed and the stream area freed from obstruction.
• Cofferdams which tilt or move laterally during construction shall be corrected as necessary at the
expense of the Contractor.
• Unless otherwise provided cofferdams shall be removed after the completion of the substructure.
The removal shall be affected in such a manner as not to disturb or damage the finished work. The
Engineer may order the Contractor to leave any part or the whole of the cofferdam in place.
• When conditions are encountered which in the opinion of the Engineer, render it impracticable to
de-water the foundation before placing the footing, the Engineer may require the construction of a
concrete foundation or seal of such dimensions as he may consider necessary and of such thickness
as to resist any possible uplift. The Concrete for such seal shall be placed as shown in the Drawings
or required by the Engineer. The foundation shall then be de-watered, and the footing placed. When
weighted cribs are used and the weight is used to overcome part of the hydrostatic pressure acting
against the bottom of the foundation seal, special anchorages such as dowels or keys shall be
provided to transfer the entire weight of the crib to the foundation seal.
• When a foundation seal is placed under water, the cofferdam shall be vented at low water as
directed. Cofferdams shall be constructed so as to protect newly cast concrete from sudden rising
of the water and to prevent damage to the foundation by erosion.
16
• The extent of the obstruction of waterway for construction activities shall be subject to the approval
of the relevant authorities.
(i) Pumping and Bailing
Pumping and bailing from the interior of any foundation enclosure shall be done in such a manner as to
preclude the possibility of the movement of water through or alongside any concrete being placed. No
pumping or bailing will be permitted during the placing of concrete or for a period of at least 24 hours
thereafter unless it is done from a suitable sump separated from the concrete work by a watertight wall. The
wall shall be extended so far below the bottom of the sump that no material from the concrete can penetrate
in to the well. The design of this sump shall be to the Engineer's satisfaction.
Pumping or bailing to de-water a sealed cofferdam shall not be started until at least 36 hours after final set
of concrete in the bottom seal. Excavations shall be as dry as possible prior to and during placing concrete.
Placing concrete under water will only be permitted if indicated on the Drawings or permitted by the
Engineer.
(a) Measurement
(Replace the text in this sub section with the following)
All excavation for structures shall be according to dimensions as given in the Drawings and as directed by
the Engineer in Cu.m for each class of material encountered. Working space or excessive excavation
beyond the line of foundation shall not be measured for payment. Excavation and backfill below Design
levels and outside these plan outlines shall not be measured or paid for, except as allowed for in Clause
302.3(h)(viii) in this Specification. Any excavation in excess of above other than what had been allowed
by the Engineer shall be considered as carried out for the convenience of the Contractor in exceeding the
work and shall not be measured for payment.
Backfilling shall not be measured separately. Excavation and backfill shall be measured in Cu.m of
undisturbed material excavated. The measurement of excavation and backfill for structures shall include
provision of the solid to be bounded on the bottom of the footing or base of structure.
For lined drain, excavation shall be measured as lined drain excavation and shall be measured to the
dimensions of the drain as shown on the drawings. Excavation for Contractor’s temporary works shall not
be measured. In the case of structures which are paid for as a lump sum, the volume of excavation shall not
be measured as a separate item and the cost shall be included in that lump sum.
Backfill with concrete including concrete seals where directed by the Engineer shall be measured separately
as the volume of concrete accepted and within the required excavation plan outline and top and bottom
surfaces required and accepted by the Engineer. Concrete placed to backfill excavation beyond the
excavation required shall not be measured.
Excavation required for temporary works shall not be measured separately.
17
(b) Payment
(Add the following text after (iii))
iv) Backfilling with approved soil and compacting in accordance with Section 304 of Standard
Specification
(Delete the fourth and fifth paragraphs and replace with the following)
Construction of cofferdams, crib sheeting, shoring and bracing and subsequent removal after construction
of structures shall be paid as a lump sum. The Contractor’s rate for this work in the bill of quantities shall
include costs for dewatering, stream diversion, compensation for damages to property and harvest, removal
of obstructions and all other items necessary to complete the Works.
Payment for clearing of site shall be made under Pay Item 201(1) at Section 201.
(Delete Pay Items entirely and substitute with the following)
302(5)a Excavation for bridge abutments and wing walls, Cu.m

common excavation material
302(5)b Excavation for bridge piers, common excavation Cu.m
material
302(5)c Excavation for viaduct piers, common excavation Cu.m
material
302(5)d Excavation for box culverts, common excavation Cu.m
material
302(5)e Excavation for lined drains, common excavation Cu.m
material
302(5)f Excavation for station buildings Cu.m
302(14) Crushed stone fill below pile foundation base level Cu.m
302(15) Construction of cofferdams, crib sheeting, LS
shoring and bracing and subsequent removal
400 SUB-BASE, BASES AND SHOULDERS
401 SUB-BASE- UPPER AND LOWER (CAPPING LAYER) AND SELECTED

SUBGRADE
401.5 Measurement & Payment
(b) Payment
(Delete Pay Items 401 (1) and replace with the following)
401(1) a Provide and place Sub-base (Lower Sub-base) Cu.m
18
401(1) b Provide and place Sub-base (Upper Sub-base) Cu.m
405 DENSE GRADED AGGREGATE BASES
(a) Preparation of Existing Surface
(Add the following text at the end of this sub section)
Where the base is laid over existing asphalt concrete surfaced pavement, preparation of the existing surface
shall be carried out as per Sub-section 403.3b(iv) of the Specification.
(b) Payment
(Delete Pay Item 405 (1) and replace with the following)
405 (1) Dense Graded Aggregate Base (Nominal size 37.5mm) Cu.m
500 SURFACE APPLICATIONS, SURFACE DRESSINGS AND SURFACINGS
501 PRIME COAT
(d) Aftercare
(Delete the first sentence of the first paragraph and substitute with the following)
Traffic shall not be permitted on the primed surface until the binder has penetrated and dried up and in the
opinion of the Engineer will not be picked up by traffic.
(e) Quality Control
(Delete the last sentence of the first paragraph and substitute with the following)
Testing shall be carried out at an independent laboratory approved by the Engineer and the Contractor shall
arrange for transport of the samples in sealed containers to the laboratory.
(Delete the entire sub section and substitute with the following)
19
(a) Measurement
The surface application shall be measured in Sq.m of work completed and accepted. Surface measurement
shall be based on the width and length of the surface area as approved by the Engineer.
(b) Payment
Payment will be made for at the Contract unit rate priced by the Contractor which shall include full
compensation for providing all materials, mixing where required, transporting, application, labour,
equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the prime coat as specified.
501(5) Prime Coat with emulsion /cold bitumen CSS-1 at the

rate of 0.5 to 1.0 liter/m2 Sq.m
502 TACK COAT
(Delete the entire sub section and substitute with the following)
(a) Measurement
The surface application shall be measured in Sq.m of work completed and accepted. Surface measurement
shall be based on the width and length of the surface area as approved by the Engineer.
(b) Payment
Payment will be made for at the Contract unit rate priced by the Contractor which shall include full
compensation for providing all materials, mixing where required, transporting, application, labour,
equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the prime coat as specified.

502(2) Tack coat using emulsion CRS-1 at the rate of 0.25 Sq.m
to 0.55 litre/m2
506 ASPHALTIC CONCRETE SURFACING
506.1 Description
(Delete second paragraph and substitute with the following)
The Asphalt concrete surfacing shall consist of Binder course and Wearing course or wearing course only
to the specified individual thicknesses of each layer.
20
506.2 Materials
(Add the following text at the end of last paragraph of sub section (b))
If significant changes occur to the aggregate grading during crushing and screening, this will immediately
affect the grading of the asphaltic concrete mix produced by the asphalt plant rendering it out of compliance
with the approved job mix formula. Therefore, the Contractor shall take immediate steps to rectify the
irregularity in aggregate production and, if such occurs, submit a new job mix formula based on the changed
aggregate grading for the approval of the Engineer.
506.3 Mix Requirements
(a) Combined Grading of Aggregate and Binder Content
(Delete the sub section and substitute with the following)
The grading requirements for the combined aggregate and the binder content shall be as given in Table
506-1 for Binder Course and Wearing Course. The selection of the optimum mix shall be subjected to the
approval of the Engineer.
The sieve sizes used herein are of ASTM designation. However equivalent BS sizes as given in Table 107-
1 of Section 107 may be used with the prior approval of the Engineer.
Table 506-1: Aggregate Grading, Binder Content and Thickness Requirements for Binder Course and
Wearing Course
21
506.4 Job Mix Formula
Table 506-3: Permissible Variations from Job Mix Formula
(Delete the statement on 7th line - “Binder content percentage by weight of total mix ±0.3%” and substitute
by “Binder content percentage by weight of total mix +0.3%”)
(i) Surface Regularity
(Bullet (i) of this sub section shall be used as below)
Surface regularity shall be in accordance with Table 1601-1 of the Specification.
(Delete the text and substitute with the following )
(a) Measurement
Asphalt Concrete in wearing course:
The wearing course shall be measured by volume of mix laid, compacted and accepted.
Measurement of the asphalt concrete laid and compacted shall be of the area and thickness as shown on the
Drawings, described in the Specifications or instructed by the Engineer.
Deficiencies in thickness of the wearing course shall, unless an overlay is constructed at the Contractor’s
expense, result in a proportion only of the wearing course area being measured for payment. Proportions
shall be determined in accordance with the thickness deficiencies and area proportions described below.
Thickness of asphalt concrete wearing course shall be determined by average calliper measurement of
cores, rounded upwards to the nearest mm.
Paved sections to be measured separately shall consist of each 300 m section in each traffic lane. The last
section in each traffic lane shall be 300 m plus the fractional part of 300 m remaining. Other areas such as
intersections, entrances, crossovers, ramps, etc. shall be measured as one section and the thickness of each
shall be determined separately. Small irregular unit areas may be included as part of another section.
One core shall be taken from each section by the Contractor at approved locations and in the presence of
the Engineer. When the measurement of the core from any paved section is not deficient by more than 5
mm from the specified thickness, the core will be deemed to be of the specified thickness as shown on the
Drawings.
When the measurement of the core from any paved section is deficient by more than 5 mm but not more
than 15 mm, additional 2 cores spaced at not less than 100 m shall be taken and used together with the first
core to determine the average thickness of such a section.
22
When the measurement of the core from any paved section is less than the specified thickness by more than
15 mm, the average thickness of such section shall be determined by taking additional cores at not less than
5 m intervals parallel to the centerline in each direction from the affected location until, in each direction,
a core is taken which is not deficient by more than 15 mm. Exploratory cores for deficient thickness will
not be used in average thickness determinations.
Any deficiencies in the total thickness of wearing courses shall be subject of a proportional reduction in the
area of wearing course measured for payment. Alternatively, the Contractor shall construct all at the
Contractor’s own expense, a wearing course overlay, if practicable in the judgment of the Engineer. Any
such overlay shall be a minimum of 40 mm compacted thickness and to the specified standard of the course
it is overlaying.
Where the average total thickness of wearing course is deficient by more than 5 mm but not more than 15
mm, adjustments shall be made in the area measurements as shown in Table 506-6.
Table 506-6: Deficiencies in Total Thickness of Wearing Courses
Deficiency in Thickness as Determined by Proportion of Wearing Course Area

Cores (mm) Measured for Payment
0.0 to 5.0 100%
5.1 to 10.0 80%
10.1 to 15.0 60%
Asphalt Concrete in Binder / Regulating Course:
Measurement shall be per unit volume of the asphalt concrete laid and compacted within the tolerances
specified in Section 1601 of the Specification and based upon the lines, levels, thicknesses and areas shown
on the Drawings or as instructed by the Engineer.
(b) Payment
Payment for asphalt surfacing will be made at the Contract unit rate for the item as measured above. The
price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, for mixing, transporting and placing of the
mixed material and for providing all plant, machinery, equipment, tools, labour and incidentals necessary
to complete the work to the Specification.
506(1) Asphalt concrete wearing course (50mm uniform

thickness) Cu.m
506(2) Asphalt concrete binder course Cu.m
23
700 DRAINAGE CONSTRUCTION
701 ROADSIDE AND LEAD AWAY SURFACE DRAINS
701.1 Description
(Delete this sub-section and substitute with the following)
This work shall consist of the following items:
(i) Construction of roadside and lead-away surface drains lined, and covered where required, to
dimensions, grades and in positions shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer.
(ii) Provision of built-up access to premises as shown on the Drawings or as directed by the
Engineer. The construction of built-up access to premises shall be done within the least possible
time without causing much inconvenience to the owners of premises and the road users.
Contractor should inform the owners of the premises well in advance of any intension to cut
open the entrances or demolish the existing structure to replace with a new entrance structure.
The Contractor shall provide temporary crossings over the cut open drains or demolition of
existing structures as a temporary measure for the use of owners of premises and their vehicles.
(a) Measurement
(Delete first & fourth paragraphs of this sub-section and substitute with the following)
The excavation for lined drains shall be measured as provided in Section 302. Precast reinforced concrete
cover slabs shall be measured in square meter which includes concreting, reinforcement, form work and
any platform preparation.
(b) Payment
(Delete the first sentence and substitute with the following)
The excavation for lined drains shall be paid as provided in Section 302.
703 MANHOLES, CATCHPITS AND INLETS
703.1 Description
(Delete the first paragraph and substitute with the following)
This work shall consist of construction and grade adjustment of manholes, catch-pits, inlets and outlets for
underground drainage systems in accordance with these Specifications and with the lines and levels as
shown on Drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
24
(Add the following paragraph after the second paragraph)
Manhole reconstruction means lifting the level of manhole cover to match the changed height due to at-
grade improvement.
703.2 Materials
(Replace the first paragraph with the following)
Concrete for pre-cast units or for in-situ construction shall be conform to the requirements of the section
1001. Materials for rubble, brick or block masonry shall be as specified in sections 1006 & 1007
respectively.
(Delete the second paragraph and substitute with the following)
Inlets, catch-pits, manholes and outlets shall be either, pre-cast and installed or shall be constructed in-situ.
(a) Measurement
Manholes, inlets, catch pits and outlets, new or reconstructed (which means grade adjustment) shall be
measured by the number.
Manhole covers, metal frames and grates when included as part of the original manhole, inlet or catch
basin construction shall not be measured separately.
(b) Payment
(Delete the first paragraph and substitute with following)
The accepted quantities of manholes, inlets, catch pits and outlets shall be paid for at the Contract unit
price for each complete or grade adjustment in place and shall be full compensation for excavation,
bedding, backfill, replacing pavement where required. Disposal of surplus material shall not be measured
and paid for separately but shall be included in the Contract price for each structure unless otherwise
specified.
(Delete all Pay Items and replace with the following)
703 (1) a Manholes (D=l.20 m) Number

703 (1) b Manholes (D=1.50 m) Number
703 (2) a Catch pits (A) Number
703 (2) b Catch pits (B) Number
25
703 (3) a Inlet (A) Number

703 (3) b Inlet (B) Number
703 (4) a Manhole reconstruction (circle) Number
703 (4) b Manhole reconstruction (square) Number
703 (5) a Outlet (A) Number
703 (5) b Outlet (B) Number
704 UNDERGROUND PIPE DRAINS
(a) Measurement
(Delete the text in this sub-section entirely and substitute with the following)
Pipes of different types and sizes shall be measured by the linear metre in place along centre line of the
pipe. Excavation, pipe bedding, surround and the backfill up to the original ground level, branch
connections, end connections and elbows shall not be measured separately.
(b) Payment
The quantities as measured above shall be paid for at the Contract unit price which shall be full
compensation for furnishing and placing of all materials including all labour, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the work specified.
704(1) Pipes laid (state type and size) Linear metre
705 DRAINAGE BACKFILL BEHIND EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES
705.2 Materials
(Add the following after the end of Sub paragraph (b))
(c) Geotextile
The geotextile shall conform to the requirements of Section 2003 of the Specification.
(Add the following paragraph after the last paragraph)
The method of construction of geotextile filter lining shall conform to the Section 2003 of the Specification.
(a) Measurement
26
The quantity to be measured shall be the number of cubic metres placed, compacted and accepted in place,
separately for the aggregate backfill, the filter medium and impervious layer (clay puddle). Geotextile shall
be measured by Sq.m for area covered without considering any overlap or joints.
(b) Payment
(Add following paragraph after the first paragraph)
Geo-textiles measured as provided above shall be paid for at the Contract unit price per square metre of
Geo-textile laid which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials including
labour, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete works.
(Delete Pay Item 705(3) and add the following pay items).
705(3) Impervious layer (clay puddle) Cu.m

705(4) Geotextile filter lining Sq.m
807 PRECAST CONCRETE KERBS AND CHANNELS
807.1 Description
(Delete this sub-section and substitute with the following)
This work shall consist of the construction or resetting of kerbs to lines and grades shown on Drawing or
as directed by the Engineer.
807.2 Materials
(Delete the first sentence and substitute with the following)
Concrete for precast or cast insitu units and concrete for kerb beds shall be of class A or B of Grade 25(20)
in accordance with Section 1001.
(Add the following after sub-paragraph(c))
(c) Enamel and emulsion paints shall conform to requirements of SLS-539 and 557 respectively.
(Add the following sentence at the end)
The exposed surfaces of the kerbs shall be applied with one coat of primer and two coats of exterior enamel
paint, of colour and quality approved by the Engineer.
27
(a) Measurement
(Add the following sentence at the end)
Painting of kerbs shall not be measured separately.
808 GUARD RAILS AND WALLS, GUARD STONES, GUIDE POSTS AND BOLLARDS
(a) Guard Rails
(Delete first paragraph of this sub-section and substitute with the following)
The guard rail complete shall be erected true to line and level and the holes shall be backfilled with concrete
Class C only after the Engineer’s approval. When the backfilling is complete, and the bracing removed the
posts must be rigid and vertical and the guard rail true to line and level and firmly fastened to the posts.
(Delete the third paragraph of this sub-section and substitute with the following)
Railings made from galvanized steel as specified in the drawings, shall be fixed on posts as indicated in
Drawings in a manner that will result in smooth continuous tight installation conforming to the line and
grade of the highway or as indicated in the Drawings. Laps in railings shall be parallel to the direction of
flow of traffic. All cut edges shall be shop painted with approved galvanized paint using two coats.
1000 BRIDGES & OTHER STRUCTURES
1001 CONCRETE FOR STRUCTURES
1001.5 Grade of Concrete
(Replace the Table 1001-5 with the following)
Table 1001-5 - Characteristic Strengths
Grade Characteristic Strength-N/mm2

28 28
30 30
35 35
40 40
50 50
60 60
1001.6 Workability of Concrete

(Delete the text in its entirety and substitute with the following):
28
The workability or consistency of fresh concrete shall be such that the concrete is suitable for
the conditions of handling and placing so that after compaction it surrounds and grips all
reinforcements and completely fill the formwork.
The degree of workability shall depend on the nature of work and the method of placement.
whether with vibration or without vibration.
Generally accepted values of slump are given in Table 1001.6.
Table 1001-6- Workability of Concrete
Degree of Minimum Slump Maximum Slump

Workability
Low 75mm 125mm
Medium 100mm 150mm
High 150mm 200mm
Low workability: Reinforced Concrete in slabs, beams, walls, precast components widely
spaced reinforcement leaving ample room for free movement of concrete between bars.
Medium workability: Reinforce concrete in slabs, beams, walls, precast component, and other
concrete components where reinforcement is narrow spaced wide enough to give concrete to
free movement between bars.
High workability: In-situ concrete piles, where concrete is to be placed by tremie under water
or drilling fluid.
The Contractor shall define suitable slump for each concrete component between the ranges
given in Table 1001-6 subject to the Engineer's approval.
1001.8 Mixing of Concrete
(e) Admixture
(Add the following paragraph at the end of (e))
The Contractor shall submit technical data of any admixtures he proposes to use to the Engineer at least 28
days prior to the date of placing orders for such giving particulars of the structure on which he intends to
use such admixtures. Admixtures containing Calcium Chloride in any form are not permitted. (Ref- BS
5328: Part 2:1997, 5.4.4.2)
1001.9 Placing and Compaction of Concrete
Each batch of the concrete delivered at the job site shall be accompanied by a batch ticket bearing complete
hatching information. In adverse weather or under other conditions contributing to quick stiffing of
concrete, or when the temperature of the concrete is 30°C and rising, the time between the introduction of
the cement to the aggregates and discharge shall not exceed one hour. In any event the temperature of fresh
concrete shall not exceed 35°C unless otherwise specified. When the ·truck mixer is used for the complete
29
mixing of the concrete, the mixing operation shall begin within one hour after the cement has been added
to the aggregate. (Section 5.4 of BS 8500-2:2002)
Hot weather concreting
The Contractor shall conduct concrete temperature analysis and propose a concrete cooling method for
the approval of the Engineer.
During the concrete placement, maintain concrete temperature by using any combination of the following
counter measures, according to the Contractor's proposal approved by the Engineer.
• Shade the material storage areas or production equipment.

• Cool aggregate by sprinkling.
• Cool aggregate and water by refrigeration or replacing a portion or all the mix water with
• flaked or crushed ice to the extent that the ice completely melts during mixing of the
concrete; and
• Piped cooling system.
1001.12 Casting, Curing & Testing of Cubes
(Delete the first paragraph and substitute with following)
Casting, curing and testing of concrete cubes shall be carried out as given in BS 1881 Part 108 of 1983 or
BSEN 12350-2:2000 or as given below.
(b) Payment
(Replace 1st paragraph with the following)
Payment shall be at the Contract unit rate for each class of concrete and shall be full compensation for all
materials, labour, formwork, heat transfer analysis and cooling, plant, tools and equipment and other
incidentals required to complete the work.
The cost of conducting heat transfer analysis and· implementing a cooling arrangement for curing of
concrete shall deemed to be included in the rate for concrete and no separate payment shall be made for
such work.
(Delete all Pay Items and replace with the following)
1002 STEEL REINFORCEMENT FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURE
(b) Cutting & Bending
30
(Add the following sentence in the beginning)

Reinforcement shall be cut and bent in accordance with BS 8666. Splicing length (lap length) shall be
calculated according to relevant BS 5400 Part 4. Mechanical joint can be used subject to the proposed
mechanical joint satisfy the strength requirement satisfying relevant BS 5400 or equivalent. Prior to the
commencement of the work, the Contractor shall submit the Method Statement which includes quality
control for the Engineer's approval.
(a) Measurement
(Add the following text at the end of the paragraph)
The computed weight shall not include wire mesh or clips, wire, separators, chairs and other material
used in fastening the reinforcement in place. In computing the weight to be measured, the theoretical
weights of bars of the cross section shown on the Drawings or authorised, shall be used. The values for
the nominal cross section area and the mass of individual bars shall be as given in Table 1002-2.
Table 1002-2: Mass of Steel bars according to BS 4449
Nominal
6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm 16mm 20mm 25mm 32mm 40mm
Dia.
Weight in
0.222 0.395 0.616 0.888 1.579 2.466 3.854 6.313 9.864
kg/m
1003 PRESTERSSING FOR STRUCTURES
1003.1 Description
(Add the following sub-sections)
Working Drawings and Shop Drawings

Based on Contract, the Contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer, shop drawings of the
prestressing system proposed for use. Fabrication or installation of prestressing material shall not begin
until the Engineer has approved the drawings.
The shop drawings of the prestressing system shall show complete details of the method, materials, and
equipment the Contractor proposes to use in the prestressing operations, including any additions or
rearrangement of reinforcing steel and any revision in concrete dimensions from that specified in the
Contract. Such details shall outline the method and sequence of stressing and shall include complete
Specifications and details of the prestressing steel and anchoring devices, working stresses, anchoring
stresses, tendon elongations, type of ducts, and all other data pertaining to the prestressing operation,
including the proposed arrangement of the prestressing steel in the members.
Where required in the Specifications, the Contractor shall prepare integrated drawings for all items
embedded in the concrete.
31
1003.2 Materials
(e) Grout
Grout shall comply with the requirements BS EN 447 and pass tests conducted in accordance with BS EN
445.
(Add the following text after (i))
(j) Couplers
All couplers shall develop at least 96 percent of the actual ultimate strength of the prestressing steel.
When tested in an unbonded state, without exceeding anticipated set the coupling of tendons shall not
reduce the elongation at rupture below the requirements of the tendon itself. Couplers and/or coupler
components shall be enclosed in housings long enough to permit the necessary movements. Couplers for
tendons shall be used only at locations specifically indicated in the contract documents and/or approved
by the Engineer. Couplers shall not be used at points of sharp tendon curvature. Couplers should be
fabricated from material conforming to ASTM A108.
1003.4 Construction requirements
(e) Grouting of tendons
(Add the following text at the beginning)
Grout shall comply with the requirements BS EN 447 and pass tests conducted in accordance with BS EN
445.
(b) Payment
(Add the following paragraph after the fourth paragraph)
The unit rate for supply of pre-cast concrete I girders/segmental box girders shall also include the cost for
setting up of or dismantling fabrication yard, machinery, equipment and other items required for
fabrication work on the site or any other location.
(Delete the Pay Items entirely and substitute with the following)
1003 (1) a Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-25m, supplied Number

1003 (1) b Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-27m supplied Number
1003 (1) c Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-30m supplied Number
1003 (1) d Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-33m supplied Number
1003 (1) e Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-35m supplied Number
1003 (1) f Pre -cast pre-tensioned concrete I -girder-40m supplied Number
1003 (2) a Pre-cast pre-stressed segmental box girder supplied(Mid-section) m
1003 (2) b Pre-cast pre-stressed segmental box girder supplied (End section) m
1003 (3) a Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-25m, launching Number
1003 (3) b Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-27m, launching Number
1003 (3) c Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-30m, launching Number
32
1003 (3) d Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-33m, launching Number

1003 (3) e Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-35m, launching Number
1003 (3) f Pre-cast pre-tensioned concrete I girder-40m, launching Number
1003A SEGMENTAL BOX GIRDER (New Section)
1003A.1 Description
The work in this section consists of transportation and erection of pre-cast segments. The segments are
lifted one by one and temporarily held in position. Then the prestress is applied to all the connected
segments. After Completion of erection, bearings are installed.
The work shall be in accordance with the specifications 1001-Concrete Structures, 1002-Steel
Reinforcement, 1003- Prestressing, 1008 -Formwork for structures.
1003A.2 Materials
Materials for Concrete, Reinforcing Steel and Prestressing of the segmental pc box bridges shall meet the
requirements under sections 1001-Concrete Structures, 1002 – Steel Reinforcement, 1003- Prestressing,
1008-Formwork for structures.
Epoxy for jointing segments- For Engineer’s Approval
1003A.3 Construction requirements
(a) Installation program

The Contractor shall submit the following for Engineer’s approval before commencement of erection
works.
1. A Method statement describing complete erection schedule, segment transporting method,
segmental girder erection method, assembly of launching girder and disassembly, joining method
of segments with epoxy, general traffic control plan etc.
2. Details of work equipment including launching girder, mobile cranes, trailers, post tensioning jack,
grout mixer and pump, etc.
3. The Contractor shall submit a construction schedule showing the chronological order of every
phase and stage of erection and construction of the superstructure.
4. The Contractor shall prepare a table of elevations and alignments required at each span of erection,
as per plans, and submit the same to the Engineer.
5. Comprehensive test plan for epoxy joining compound.
(b) Joining of segments with epoxy
Mixing and application of epoxy compound shall be in accordance with epoxy manufacturer’s instructions.
Epoxy-bonding agents for match-cast joints shall be thermosetting 100 percent solid compositions that do
not contain solvent or any nonreactive organic ingredient except for pigments required for colouring.
Epoxy-bonding agents shall be of two components, a resin and a hardener. The two components shall be
33
distinctly pigmented, so that mixing produces a third colour similar to the concrete in the segments to be
joined, and shall be packaged in proportioned, labelled, ready- to-use containers.
Epoxy-bonding agents shall be formulated to provide application temperature ranges that will permit
erection of match-cast segments at substrate temperatures from 4°C to 46°C. If two surfaces to be bonded
have different substrate temperatures, the adhesive applicable at the lower temperature shall be used.
Epoxy-bonding agents shall be insensitive to damp conditions during application and, after curing, shall
exhibit high bonding strength, good water resistivity, low creep characteristics, and tensile strength greater
than that of concrete. In addition, the epoxy-bonding agent shall function as a lubricant during the joining
of the match-cast segments, as a filler to accurately match the surface of the segments being joined, and as
an adhesive providing a durable and watertight bond at the joint.
Epoxy-bonding agents shall be tested to determine their workability, gel time, open time, bond and
compression strength, shear, and working temperature range. The frequency of the tests shall be as stated
in the approved inspection and test plan.
The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with samples of the material for quality assurance testing and a
certification from a reputable independent laboratory indicating that the material has passed the required
tests.
Specific properties of epoxy and the test procedures to be used to measure these properties shall be as
described in the following.
• Sag Flow- Non-Sagging

• Gel Time – 30 minutes minimum
• Open Time – 60 minutes minimum
• Compressive Strength as per ASTM D695 – Greater than 70 Mpa
• Tensile Strength as per ASTM D 638 – More Than 30 Mpa
• Slant Shear Strength as per BS 6319 – More than 35 Mpa
During jointing operations of bridge segmental girders during construction, uniform compressive stress
between the concrete surfaces shall be applied by temporary post-tensioning steel until the epoxy bonding
agent has hardened. Compressive stress between the concrete surfaces shall be about 0.3N/mm2.
Immediately following the application of the epoxy bonding agent and within the specified “open time” at
the ambient temperature, the joint shall be closed, and temporary prestress applied. If for any reason the
joint is not closed, and the temporary prestress not applied within the “open time”, the epoxy bonding agent
shall be removed. Before the joint is re-made, joint surfaces shall be prepared to a condition satisfactory to
the Engineer. The Contractor shall confirm that during installation damage will not be caused to girders by
any stress and/or deformation that may be generated in the girder.
(c) Proposed methodology
1. All aspects of casting, handling, transportation and installation/launching are to be proposed by the
Contractor in detailed method statements which shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval, in
line with the Drawings issued. Detailed drawings of each element are to be submitted to the
Engineer including appropriate lifting inserts. The Contractor shall prepare and submit an
installation plan for each span, indicating the location and reference number of each girder.
34
2. In case, the Contractor prefers own launching (installation) scheme for reasons of speed of work,
economy and previous experience, the same shall be proposed in detail along with plans, drawings
and methodology including list of Plant and Equipment for the due consideration of the Engineer.
3. Steel embedment of various types for connection to other structural elements shall be provided in
the precast elements.
4. Precast segments shall be stacked not more than three layers high, keeping adequate space between
each layer to avoid damage to protruding girder reinforcement. In no case shall the layers be placed
in cross directions to each other. Care shall be taken to avoid any excessive loading of precast
segments whilst stacked.
5. The Contractor shall obtain necessary permissions from concerned authorities or departments for
the transportation of precast segments. The mode of transportation shall be proposed by the
6. Contractor before commencing the transportation operation. Proper precautions shall be taken
during the handling of precast units during transportation and all required traffic safety measures
taken.
7. The Contractor must submit structural calculations for structural integrity of the launching girder
considering safety during erecting segments and moving forward after erection, and the safety
when temporary materials are installed in the substructure.
8. The Contractor shall select a launching girder having a capability that can sufficiently cope with
the local route alignment with sharp curves and should not particularly hinder general traffic or the
lives of the surrounding residents.
(d) Method Statement
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for review and approval a complete method statement
for the assembly and disassembly of the launching/erection girder, erection of main box girder. The
method statement shall include, but not be limited to the following:
1. Geometric control procedures including equipment to be used, geometric control documentation

containing erection control, erecting curve data and structural calculations.
2. Step-by-step confirmation of the concrete stress and deformation of the structure during the
erection procedure.
3. Procedures for installation of bridge bearings and expansion joints, with consideration of difference
between setting temperature and design reference temperature.
4. Full details of segment transportation method.
5. The support position plans of the launching erection girder on the pier or the main box girder during
construction.
1003A.4 Measurement and Payment
1003A.4.1 Method of Measurement
In the case of pre-cast concrete units, the quantity to be measured shall be measured by the length in metres
along the center line of the viaduct of each type and size, completed and accepted. Each type shall include
the concrete, reinforcement and formwork.
Pre-stressing tendons or cables for pre-stressing of pre-cast concrete units, fixed in place and stressed,
completed and accepted shall be the length actually incorporated in the finished work
35
measured by weight in tonnes. Grout, additional length of tendons/cables for attaching jack, duct, non-pre-
stressed reinforcement fixed to the anchorage devices, making of recesses and filling the same, anchorages
including anchor plates, nuts and other materials contained within or attached to the tendons/cables shall
not be measured separately.
Concrete and other Contract items which enter the completed and accepted structures shall be measured for
payments in accordance with methods prescribed for such items in these specifications.
Measurement of work involved in connection with launching and installing in place of pre-cast concrete
units shall be measured by the length in metres along the center line of the viaduct of each type and size so
installed and accepted and shall include for all necessary materials, labour, tools, machinery, plant and
other special equipment such as launching trusses, bailey bridges, gantries, jacks etc. It shall include for
movement of the units from place of storage with in work site to its final position
1003A.4.2 Payment
Payment for work measured as described above will be full compensation for furnishing all necessary
labour, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals required to complete the work as shown in the Drawings
and described in proceeding sections.
Payment for pre-stressing tendons or cables will be at Contract price as measured above.
Payment for launching and installing in position of pre-cast units will be at Contract price per metre length
along the center line of the viaduct.
1003A (3) Pre-cast pre-stressed segmental box girder launched in to position m

(Mid-section)
1003A (4) Pre-cast pre-stressed segmental box girder launched in to position m
(End section)
1003A (5) Tendons supplied, positioned, and stressed Tonnes
1003B CAST-IN PLACE SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION BY BALANCED CANTILEVER

METHOD
1003B.1 Description
The work in this section consists of setting temporary bearings if applicable, casting in-situ concrete
segments with the aid of a form traveler and setting the superstructure on permanent bearings. A standard
length of a formwork unit is lifted with the form traveler and concreted after placing of reinforcement and
the necessary ducting, accessories etc. Casting procedure is repeated on either side of the pier till the center
of the span is finished.
The work shall be in accordance with the specifications 1001-Concrete Structures, 1002-Steel
Reinforcement, 1003- Prestressing, 1008 -Formwork for structures.
1003B.2 Materials
Materials for Concrete, Reinforcing Steel and Prestressing of the segmental pc box bridges shall meet the
requirements under sections 1001-Concrete Structures, 1002 – Steel Reinforcement, 1003- Prestressing,
1008-Formwork for structures.
36
1003B.3 Construction requirements
(a) Installation program

The Contractor shall submit the following for Engineer’s approval before commencement of casting works.
1. Complete details and computations for the forms and form support system, including maximum
loadings and stresses created in the completed segments due to equipment forms and concrete
placement. Design of form support system shall include adequate allowances for impact loadings
which may occur during concrete placement and advancement of forming system.
2. Computations of deflection of the forming system during concrete placement.
3. Details for temporary supports and tie-downs as needed to stabilize the cantilevers during
construction.
4. Detailed step-by-step procedure for concrete placement, stressing and advancing the form support
system, and adjusting the system for calculated deflection.
5. Detailed procedure for fixing the cantilever ends against changes in position or rotation of one
cantilever relative to the other during and following placement of concrete for the closure
between the cantilevers.
(b) Proposed methodology

The Contractor shall submit complete details and descriptions of the methods, arrangements, and equipment
to the Engineer for approval before superstructure construction is started.
The construction method shall include casting of the segments, methods of the tie- down of superstructures
during cantilever erection, and method of application of all temporary forces to be used for adjusting
horizontal and vertical alignments and to place the structure on permanent bearings. This shall also include
control methods to ensure the accuracy of alignment of the completed superstructure.
Work equipment shall be taken to include all machinery, devices, labour, and material which are to be used
for erection but will not become a permanent part of the completed superstructure. Equipment must not be
operated from or placed upon any part of erected superstructure at any stage of construction other than which
specifically meets the requirement of total working load per segment, as allowed by the contract documents,
and/or as approved by the Engineer. This includes the post-tensioning hardware; jointing, jacking, grouting
equipment, and any other equipment whatsoever; and personnel and materials of any kind.
It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to ensure that the allowable load is not exceeded.
Stressing many be performed in accordance with the following schedule:

1. 50 percent of the post-tensioning force may be applied when the concrete has achieved the
required compressive strength.
2. Form support system may be released and advanced when 50 percent of post- tensioning stress
has been applied.
3. Transverse stressing shall be staged as necessary to avoid exceeding the allowable stresses in the
top slab.
4. Tendons shall be fully tensioned prior to placement of concrete for the next segment, except the
transverse tendon nearest the segment to be constructed. That tendon shall be stressed to 50
37
percent, then stressed the remainder when tendons in the new segment are stressed. The form support
system shall be designed to avoid overstressing the top slab in the partially stressed tendon.
Surface of the segment joints shall be prepared in accordance with this specification prior to placement of
concrete for the next segment.
For placement of closure concrete between cantilevers, the cantilevers shall be fixed to prevent rotation or
movement of one cantilever relative to the other. The system for locking the cantilevers and forming for
the closure and the procedure for placing the concrete for the closure shall be such that the concrete after
the initial set shall not be subjected to tension which could cause cracking.
The Contractor shall submit a construction schedule or check list showing chronological order of every
phase and stage of erection and construction of the superstructure.
The Contractor shall prepare a table of elevations and alignments required at each stage of erection, as
required by this specification, at the key points listed below, or an alternative at the Contractor's option,
and submit the same to the Engineer.
One of the lowest corners at the top surface of any temporary bearing pads to be used as datum during
erection and to establish a reference point with the actual elevations and alignment required of the
permanently positioned superstructure.
1. All four corners and centerline (at segment faces) of top slab of pier segments to establish grade
and crown.
2. Two points on the longitudinal centerline of each pier segment, one on each edge, to establish
alignment.
3. One point on the longitudinal centerline and at least one corner of each segment along every joint
between cast-in-place segments to establish elevations and alignment at every stage of erection.
If required, the temporary bearing pads shall be carefully placed at the piers. The top surfaces of these pads
shall have the correct elevations, alignments, and slopes as required by the drawings. Shims may be used
underneath the pads to accomplish accuracy. The Contractor shall also devise and provide measures to
hold temporary bearing pads in position while the pier segment is being cast.
The Contractor shall check the elevations and alignment of the structure at every stage of construction in
accordance with the geometry control and shall maintain a record of all these checks and of all adjustments
and corrections made.
(e) Method Statement
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for review and approval a complete method statement
for the assembly and disassembly of the launching/erection girder, erection of main box girder. The
method statement shall include, but not be limited to the following:
38
1. Geometric control procedures including equipment to be used, geometric control documentation

containing erection control, erecting curve data and structural calculations.
2. Step-by-step confirmation of the concrete stress and deformation of the structure during the
erection procedure.
3. Procedures for installation of bridge bearings and expansion joints, with consideration of difference
between setting temperature and design reference temperature.
4. Full details of segment transportation method.
5. The support position plans of the launching erection girder on the pier or the main box girder during
construction.
1003B.4 Measurement and Payment
1003B.4.1 Method of Measurement
Concrete shall be measured in cu.m and reinforcement will be measured in tonnes.
Pre-stressing tendons or cables for pre-stressing of pre-cast concrete units, fixed in place and stressed,
completed and accepted shall be the length actually incorporated in the finished work measured by weight
in tonnes. Grout, additional length of tendons/cables for attaching jack, duct, non-pre-stressed
reinforcement fixed to the anchorage devices, making of recesses and filling the same, anchorages including
anchor plates, nuts and other materials contained within or attached to the tendons/cables shall not be
measured separately.
1003B.4.2 Payment
Payment for work measured as described above will be full compensation for furnishing all necessary
labour, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals required to complete the work as shown in the Drawings
and described in proceeding sections.
Payment for pre-stressing tendons or cables will be at Contract price as measured above.
Payment for launching and installing in position of pre-cast units will be at Contract price per metre length
along the center line of the viaduct.
1003b (1) Reinforced concrete in box girder. Cu.m

1003B (2) Reinforcing steel Tonnes
1003A (5) Tendons supplied, positioned, and stressed Tonnes
1004 PILE FOUNDATIONS FOR STRUCTURES
Work under this section shall be complemented by CIDA SP 101 the Specification for bored and cast in-
situ reinforced concrete Piles.
1004.1 Description
Please replace section 1004.1 with following.
This work shall consist of construction of pile foundations for structures using cast in-situ (bored) piles.
39
They shall be constructed in-situ in accordance with the specification and the drawings to the approval of
Engineer.
1004.2 Materials
Please delete sub sections (c), (d) and (e) and add the following paragraphs.
• Access tubes for cross-hole sonic log testing shall be steel pipe of 3.6 mm minimum wall thickness
and at least 38.1 mm inside diameter. The access tubes shall have a round, regular inside diameter
free of defects and obstructions, including all pipe joints, in order to permit the free, unobstructed
passage of 33 mm maximum diameter source and receiver probes used for the cross-hole sonic log
tests. The access tubes shall be watertight, of sufficient wall thickness to resist crushing under
hydrostatic pressure of the full depth and free from corrosion with clean internal and external faces
to ensure good bond between the concrete and the access tubes. The access tubes shall be fitted to
be watertight at joints by welding or threaded caps on the bottom and the top.
• Grout for filling the access tubes at the completion of the cross-hole sonic log tests shall be a neat
cement grout with a maximum water / cement ratio of 0.40. All bleed water is to be removed and
the access tubes topped up with grout. The compressive strength of grout shall be more than that
of pile concrete.
1004.3 Manufacturing and protective requirements for piles
Please delete this section
1004.4 Construction requirements of driven piles
Please delete this section
1004.5 Construction requirements of cast in-situ piles (bored piles)
(a) Boring
Please add the following paragraph to this section
All permanent casing shall be of sufficient strength to resist damage and deformation from transportation
and handling, installation stresses, and all pressures and forces acting on the casing. The welding of casing
splices shall be complete penetration weld. All temporary casing shall be smooth wall structural steel. All
temporary casing shall be of sufficient strength to resist damage and deformation from transportation and
handling, installation and extraction stresses, and all pressures and forces acting on the casing. The casing
shall be capable of being removed without deforming and causing damage to the completed shaft, and
without disturbing the surrounding soil. The casing shall be watertight and clean prior to placement in the
excavation. The outside diameter of the casing shall not be less than the specified diameter of the pile.
(e) Testing of cast in-situ piles
Please add the following paragraph to this section
• Cross-hole Sonic Logging (CSL) testing shall be performed on every pile in accordance with the
requirements of CIDA SP 101/ and ASTM D 6760: Test Method for Integrity Testing of Concrete
Deep Foundations by Ultrasonic Cross-hole Testing. The Method statement shall explain how to
40
accommodate the CSL testing by furnishing and installing access tubes, as approved by the
Engineer for Cross Hole Sonic Logging Test. The rate for CSL testing to be included in the rate for
piling.
• “Koden” monitor test or ultrasonic measurement probe test will be used to check the diameter and
verticality of bored piles without any cost to the Employer.
(a) Measurement
Test Piles:
Bored piles that are installed prior to installation of Contract bored piles for the purpose of
demonstrating to the Engineer the adequacy of the methods proposed shall be measured in
Linear Metres of bored piles installed successfully.
Geotechnical Works (Boring Tests):

Geotechnical Works (Boring Tests) either proposed by the Contractor and approved by the
Engineer or directed by the Engineer for purposes of confirming geotechnical properties of
soil and rock and to determine the founding elevation of the bored piles specified in the
Drawings will be measured by the linear meter of Boring Tests completed and accepted.
Geotechnical Works (Boring Tests) shall be done prior to bored pile excavation. The top
elevation shall be defined as ground surface at the time carrying the boring test. The bottom of
elevation shall be defined as the bottom of the boring.
Bored Piles:
The quantity to be paid for will be the sum of actual lengths in linear metres of the piles cast
and left in-place in the completed and accepted work.
Measurements will be from the pile tip to the bottom of cap or footing. Portions of piles cast
deeper than the required length through over-drilling will not be measured for payment. The
rate shall include, as applicable, full compensation for supplying and placing of all materials
including concrete, reinforcement and shoes; for cutting, lengthening, splicing, welding and
coupling of piles or pile components; for providing rigs, cranes, hammers etc., for driving and
boring; and for providing all labour transport, machinery, equipment, tools and other
incidentals necessary to complete the Works to these Specifications.
Permanent Casing:
Furnishing and placing permanent casing shall be measured by the number of linear metres of
each diameter of required permanent casing.
Load Tests:
Static Load tests shall be measured for each test carried out successfully in accordance with
the approved procedure.
Cross Hole Sonic Logging Tests:
Cross Hole Sonic Logging Tests shall be measured per each for tests carried out successfully.
41
(b) Payment
Test Piles:
Trial bored piles shall be paid on the per Linear Meter of bored piles directed by the
Engineer and installed successfully. Payment for trial bored piles shall include
mobilisation, excavation and disposal of drill spoil, furnishing, mixing, placing,
maintaining, containing, collecting, and disposing of all mineral, synthetic, and water
slurry and disposal of all excavated materials, temporary casing, concrete, and
reinforcing steel and all other incidentals to complete the bored pile installation works.
Geotechnical Works (Boring Test):
Geotechnical Works (Boring Tests) carried out at the direction of the Engineer shall be
paid per linear meter of boring tests carried out and approved by the Engineer.
Bored Piles:
Concrete piles cast in drilling hole shall be per linear metre for each diameter, includes
all costs in connection with mobilisation, excavation and disposal of drill spoil,
furnishing, mixing, placing, maintaining, containing, collecting, and disposing of all
mineral, synthetic, and water slurry and disposal of all excavated materials, concrete
and reinforcement. The payment shall include all works associated with re-bar cage
fabrication, materials and installation. Temporary casing required to complete shaft
excavation shall be included in this bid item. The costs in connection with furnishing
and installing steel reinforcing bar spacers and centralizers shall be included in this
item.
The cost for providing and installing galvanized iron pipes for cross hole sonic logging
tests and grouting pipes after tests shall be included in the unit price for cast in-situ
bored piles.
Permanent Casing-Furnishing and Placing:

Payment for the item "furnishing and placing Permanent Casing for bored pilles shall
be paid per linear metre.
Static Load Tests:
Static Load tests shall be paid per test installed successfully to the specified load.
Cross-Hole Sonic Logging Tests:
Cross-Hole Sonic Logging Tests shall be paid per test carried out successfully.
Pile Dynamic Analyzer Tests:
Pile Dynamic Analyser Tests shall be paid per test carried out successfully
Pay Items and Units shall be: -
Pay Items Description Unit of Measurement
1004(1) Trial bored piles m
1004 (2) Geotechnical works: boring tests m
42
Pay Items Description Unit of Measurement
1004 (3) Permanent casing-furnishing and placing m
Cast in-situ concrete bored pile; drilled

1004 (4) hole in any strata; installation of rebar m
cage (reinforcement measured separately)
1004 (5) Extra-over for socketing bored pile in rock m
1004 (6) Static Loading Test (SLT); bored pile nr
1004 (7) Dynamic Pile Test (PDA); bored pile nr
1004 (8) Cross Hole Sonic Test (Pile Integrity Test) nr
1110 BRIDGE BEARINGS (New Section)
1110.1 Description
This Section provides requirements and procedures for supply and installation of bridge bearings required
as indicated on the Drawings.
1110.2 Specifications
As the design of the bearing based on the following design standards, the details of the bearing shall
conform to the requirement of the following standard or equivalent to the following standard:
- "Manual for Highway Bridge Bearing", Japanese Road Association, April2004
1110.3 Submittal
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a certification by the manufacturer that the bridge bearing
conforms to all the requirements shown on the Drawings and given here. The certification shall be
supported by a certified copy of the result of tests performed by the manufacturer upon samples of bearings
and/or manufacturer's mill certificates.
1110.4 Material
1110.4.1 Steel
Steel materials used for pot bearings shall conform to relevant JISs or equivalents.
1110.4.2 Rubber Plate and Seal Ring
Rubber plate and compressive seal ring shall be Cliloroprene Rubber, JIS K 6386, or equivalent. The
material properties snail be as shown in Table 1100-1:
43
Table 1110-1 Properties of rubber plate and seal ring
1110.4.3 Sliding Plate
Sliding plate shall comply with PTFE, JlS K 6888, or equivalent. The physical properties of the sliding
plate shall be as shown in Table 1110-2
Table 1110-2 Properties of sliding plate
1110.5 Preventive System for Corrosion
The steel members used for pot bearing shall be subject to the requirement provided in Table 1110-3. The
exposed surface of the part of steel members shall be sprayed and sealed in accordance with the following
procedure and requirements:
44
Table 1110-3 Anti-Corrosion system
1110.6 Fabrication Tolerance
Fabrication tolerance for components of pot bearing shall be in accordance with Table 1110-4:
Sharp comers of steel bearing components, guide and side blocks, shall be ground smooth
not to induce any fatigue crack from them.
Table 1110-4 Fabrication Tolerances for Bearing Assembly Dimensions
1110.7 Installation
The bearings shall be clearly marked with their longitudinal and transverse axes, their type number and
their intended locations in the Works. The Contractor shall fix and bed all bearings in accordance with the
manufacture's recommendations and have to submit for the Engineer's approval. Proposals for the thickness
45
and type of bearing plinths and beds shall be submitted by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer in
advance of bearing installation.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval a-detailed Method Statement with respect to the
methods for installation and adjustment of the bridge bearings. Once the Engineer has approved these
methods, they shall not be changed without prior approval by the Engineer. Bearings shall not be
dismantled. Any transit bolts, straps or other temporary fixing shall not be removed until the bearing is
fixed in its final position and the structure immediately above the bearing is in place. Care shall be taken to
ensure that all transit bolt's straps, or other temporary fixings are finally removed. All bearings shall be set
horizontal in both directions and shall be positioned so that the inscribed longitudinal axis is parallel to the
structure axis at the point of support, unless otherwise noted in the Drawings. Any devices such as steel
packs used to hold bearings level whilst being fixed, must be removed finally, so that the bearings seats
only on its mortar bedding. Mortar shall be non-shrink mortar approved by the Engineer. Where precast
beams and segments are placed on elastomeric bearings, immediately prior to the placing of each beam and
segment the top of the bearing shall be coated with a sufficient thickness of approved mortar to take up any
irregularities between the surface of the beams and segment and the bearings. Bearings shall be set within
the tolerances shown in Table 2300-5:
Table 1110-5 setting tolerances of bearings
1110.8. Measurement and Payment
1110.8.1 Measurement
Bridge Bearing shall be measured by number of pieces of manufactured bearing, upper bearing plate,
bottom bearing plate, bolt for fastening and fittings, without allowance for tolerances for permissible
deviations from standard weight or nominal dimensions, and excluding the weight of welds, bolts, nuts,
washers and protective paintings.
1110.8.2 Payment
Bearing devices shall be paid at the contract price per number. Such payment shall include full
compensation for furnishing all labour, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals and for doing all the
work involved in furnishing, testing, and installing said bearing devices including temporary support and
46
jacking frame, adjustment of the setting location and non-shrink mortar laying underneath bottom bearing
and anchor ·bolts, completed in place, as shown in the Contract Document, as specified in this Technical
Specifications, and as directed by the Engineer. The items of work payable under this provision along with
their units shall be as follows:
Pay item Description Pay unit
1110(1) Pot bearing Type A1 (Steel box girder) Number
1110(14) Pot bearing Type B1 Number
1021 STRUTURAL STEEL WORK FOR STRUCTURES
1021.1 Description
(Replace the text with following)
The works in this section shall consist of supplying, fabricating, and erecting steel structures, portions
thereof and connections in accordance with these Specifications and drawings.
47
Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the requirement for materials, workmanship, inspection &
testing, handling, transport & erection, supply, measurement and weighing of structural steel work shall
comply with the provisions in BS 5400 Part 6 :1999 and BS 5950 Part 1: 2000.
1021.4 Materials
(a) Structural Steel
(Replace the text in paragraphs 1 and 2 with following)
Unless otherwise specified in the contract structural steel shall comply with the requirements of of BS 5400:
Part 6 or BS 5950: Part1 or BS EN 10025.
The grade or grades of steel to be furnished shall be as specified in the design drawings with a minimum
yield strength of 355 Mpa.
The use of structural steels complying with other standards shall solely be at the discretion of the Engineer.
(d) Identification of materials
(Add the following text at the end of the section)
The Contractor’s system of assembly and marking individual pieces and the issuance of cutting instructions
to the shop shall be such that to maintain identification of the original piece.
The Contractor may furnish material that can be identified by heat number and mill test report from stock.
During fabrication, up to the point of assembling members, each piece of steel shall show clearly and legibly
its specification.
Any piece of steel, which will be subject to fabricating operations such as blast cleaning, galvanizing,
heating for forming, or painting which might obliterate marking prior to assembling into members, shall be
marked for grade by steel die stamping or by a substantial tag firmly attached. Steel die stamps shall be low
stress-type.
Upon request by the Engineer, the Contractor shall furnish an affidavit certifying that throughout the
fabrication operation the identification of steel has been maintained in accordance with this specification.
(f) Straightening
i) Excess distortion that occurs during fabrication shall be straightened at room temperature, or by
heating (spot heating, linear heating) only to the extent that material quality is not impaired.
ii) When straitening distortion by press at room temperature, a press or roller shall be used.
iii) Steel straightening shall comply with the Special Notes on the design drawings.
48
(g) Cutting and Edge Preparation

(Add the following sub-section at the end of the section)
Plates
• Direction of Rolling
Unless otherwise specified in the contract documents, steel plates for main members and splice
plates for flanges and main tension members, not secondary members, shall be cut and fabricated
so that the primary direction of rolling is parallel to the direction of the main tensile and/or
compressive stresses.
• Plate-Cut Edges
The precision of the cutting plane at the free edge of plates shall comply with the special notes on
the design drawings. If not specified, the standards indicated in Table 408.4-1 shall be applied.
Table 1021.4-1 Roughness Notch Depth
Roughness Not more than 100 μmRz

Notch depth Not more than 1mm
Cut surfaces which do not meet the above requirements shall be finished by grinding. The accuracy of cut
and machined surfaces of weld grooves shall comply with the followings.
o Tolerance for roughness and notch depth of beveling shall comply with Table 408.4-1.
o If the roughness or notch depth exceeds the prescribed tolerance, the surface shall be
corrected by appropriate methods such as weld reinforcing or grinding.
Thickness of steel plate to be sheared shall not be more than 13 mm. When burrs are generated on the cut
surface, they shall be removed by grinding.Surfaces which are specified in the design drawings to transmit
compression loads through direct contact shall be finished by machine tools such as a facing machine or a
rotary planer so that they fit accurately. The accuracy of the finished plane shall be as follows;
o Finished plane roughness shall be 50 μmRz or less.
o Squareness of axis of finished plane shall be 1.5/1000 or less.
(m) Correction of Distortions
Structural members which are indicated in the contract documents to be annealed or normalized shall have
finished machining, boring, and straightening done subsequent to heat treatment. Normalizing and
annealing (full annealing). The temperatures shall be maintained uniformly throughout the furnace during
the heating and cooling so that the temperature at no two points on the member will differ by more than
55°C at any one time.
Members of steels shall not be annealed or normalized and shall be stress relieved only with the approval
of the Engineer after consultation with the material producers.
A record of each furnace charge shall identify the pieces in the charge and show the temperatures and
schedule actually used. Proper instruments, including recording pyrometers, shall be provided for
49
determining at any time the temperatures of members in the furnace. The records of the treatment operation
shall be available to and meet the approval of the Engineer.
(Add the following sections)
(n) Erection Drawings
The Contractor shall submit drawings illustrating fully the proposed method of erection. The drawings shall
show details of all falsework bents, bracing, guys, dead-men, lifting devices, and attachments to the steel
members: sequence of erection, location of cranes, crane capacities, location of lifting points on the steel
members, and weights of the members. The drawings shall be complete in detail for all anticipated phases
and conditions during erection. Calculations may be required to demonstrate that factored resistances are
not exceeded, and that member capacities and final geometry will be correct.
The following items / drawings but not limited to shall be submitted to Engineer for approval:
• Plans and/or elevations locating and defining material furnished by contractor.

• Sections and details showing connections, cast-in items and their relation to structure.
• Description of all loose, cast-in and field hardware.
• Field installed anchor location drawings.
• Erection sequences and handling requirements.
• Dead, live and other applicable loads used in the design
(o) Marking and Shipping
Each member shall be painted or marked with an erection mark for identification and an erection diagram
showing these marks shall be furnished to the Engineer.
The Contractor shall furnish to the Engineer as many copies of material orders, shipping statements, and
erection diagrams as the Engineer may direct. The mass of the individual members shall be shown on the
statements. Members having a mass of more than 3.0 tons shall have the mass marked thereon. Structural
members shall be loaded on trucks or cars in such a manner that they may be transported and unloaded at
their destination without being damaged.
Maximum allowable sizes of fabricated components shall be determined based on the transport related laws
and regulations. Where components being galvanized, their maximum sizes shall be determined in
consideration of the available size of the galvanizing bath.
Bolts, nuts, and washers (where required) from each rotational-capacity lot shall be shipped in the same
container. If there is only one production lot number for each size of nut and washer, the nuts and washers
may be shipped in separate containers. Pins; small parts; and packages of bolts, washers, and nuts shall be
shipped in boxes, crates, kegs, or barrels but the gross mass of any package shall not exceed 130kg. A list
and description of the contained materials shall be plainly marked on the outside of each shipping container.
50
1021.6 Finishing and Shaping
(b) Facing of Bearing surfaces
The surface finish of bearing, base plates, and other bearing surfaces that are to come in contact with each
other or with concrete shall meet the ANSI surface roughness requirements, Surface Roughness, Waviness,
and Lay:
Steel slabs 50µm (RMS)

Heavy plates in contact in shoes to be 25µm (RMS)
welded
Milled ends of compression members, 12.5µm (RMS)
milled or ground ends of stiffeners and
fillers
Bridge rollers and rockers 6.3µm (RMS)
Pins and pin holes 3.2µm (RMS)
Sliding bearings 3.2µm (RMS)
1021.8 Welding
(a) General
(Replace the first paragraph with following text)
All welding and welding procedures shall comply with BS EN 1011-1:1998 and BS EN 1011-2:2001
Unless otherwise specified by the Engineer. Refer BS EN 50504 for validation of arc welding equipment,
BS EN ISO 2560 for welding consumables.
1021.10 Inspection and testing of Welds
(a) General
(Replace this section with following)
Inspection of welds
Inspection of shop operations during welding performance as specified below shall be carried out by the
independent testing agency employed by the Contractor:
i. Verify that welders are certified.
ii. Inspect every weld for quality and conformance
iii. Make systematic record of all welds, including:
51
a. Location and type of weld.

b. Identification marks of welders.
c. list of defective welds.
d. Manner of correction of defects.
iv. Confirm welding equipment is used per manufacturer's recommendations, preheating is properly
used, proper use of run out plates, jigs and fit-up, check structural steel to comply with the specified
dimensional standard.
v. Inspection of welding shall be performed - Certified Welding Inspections. The qualifications of the
welding inspector shall be submitted to the Engineer for review. The welding inspector must be
present during the whole welding operation including removal of weld tabs and back-up bars, back-
gouging, grinding and re-welding.
vi. The inspector shall confirm in writing that all welding is performed correctly, and the welding
procedure specifications followed. The inspector shall submit welding reports to the Engineer for
evaluation.
vii. The welding inspector shall ensure that each welder is qualified in each type of process required
by the welding procedure specifications and have certification documents submitted and reviewed
prior to production.
viii. The welding inspector shall inspect the welding equipment and verify that the equipment is
properly maintained and that the current and voltage gauges are operating at the manufacturer’s
stated accuracy and is appropriate for the specified welding procedures specified.
ix. The welding inspector shall make and maintain complete records and reports as required.
x. The inspector shall confirm that preheat specified in the welding procedure specifications is
achieved prior to welding.
Non-Destructive Testing
i. Non-Destructive Testing shall be performed by an independent testing agency employed by the
Contractor.
ii. Test full penetration welds by means of ultrasonic testing in conformance with AWS. The
Contractor shall be responsible for costs of re-testing after repair of defective welds. Frequency
shall be as follows:
iii. Test 100% of welds where noted on the Structural Drawings.
iv. Compose the inspection lots in remainder of structure so that the number of welds of each lot is not
more than 300, and test 20% of the welds of each inspection lot.
v. Ultrasonic test 20% of the total length of all full/partial penetration welds joining web plates to
flanges. Locations as shown on the Structural Drawings.
vi. Ultrasonic test all partial penetration groove welds used in column splices.
vii. Test a minimum of 15% of all fillet welds by magnetic particle method, where specifically
indicated on the Drawings. Equipment shall be capable of locating cracks below surface welds.
viii. Base metal thicker than 38mm, when subjected to through-thickness weld shrinkage strains, shall
be ultrasonically inspected for discontinuities directly behind such welds after joint completion
where specifically indicated on the Drawings.
ix. ultrasonically inspect column flanges 150mm above and below point where girder is welded to
column flange, where specifically indicated on the Drawings.
x. Visually inspect for defects such as lamination, non-metal inclusions and other defects on welds.
Determine extent of laminations ultrasonically.
52
Acceptance of Welds
1. Acceptance inspection for surface defects
Acceptance inspection for surface defects of welds shall be conducted visually through sampling
inspection.
a. Compose inspection lots consisting of appropriate size of welds, such as all welds of a tier etc.
b. Inspection shall be conducted on 10 % of the members in every lot.
c. Individual lot is accepted when less than 10 % of the total weld length does not meet the
acceptance criteria. When more than 10 % of the total weld does not meet the acceptance
criteria, an additional 10 % of the members in the lot shall be sampled. If more than 10 % of
the larger sample (20 % of the member in the lot) does not meet the acceptance criteria, the
lot shall be rejected.
d. Approved lots shall be accepted, and unapproved lots shall be re-inspected for all the
remaining welds. All rejected welds shall be repaired and re-inspected.
2. Acceptance inspection for internal defects of full penetration welds

Acceptance inspection for internal defects of full penetration welds shall be 100% inspection or
sampling inspection. Where 100% inspection being adopted, all the detected defects shall be repaired
and re-inspected. Acceptance through sampling inspection shall be conducted as follows:
a. Detecting method of internal defects shall be as prescribed in the Section 408.5.7.8.2 “Non-
Destructive Test.
b. Compose inspection lots consisting of not more than 300 welds. An inspection lot shall
comprise similar welds. Accordingly, a column to beam joints, a column to column joint, a
weld on a stiffener or diaphragm, and a weld of corner joint shall compose individual inspection
lots. Each tier of steel work shall compose its inspection lot separately. Where the number of
welds in one inspection lot exceeds 300, it shall be divided for each story or for each division
of work. For site welding, each story or division of work shall compose an inspection lot.
c. Sample 20 % of welds for every inspection lot.
d. When sample of welds contains less than 4 % of rejection, the lot shall be accepted. When there
is rejection of 14 % or more, the entire lot shall be rejected. If not less than 4 % but less than
14 % of samples are rejected, an additional sample of 20 % shall be taken from the same lot
and inspected. When the enlarged sample contains less than 7 % of rejection in total, the lot
shall be accepted, others shall be rejected.
e. Lots that pass the inspection shall be accepted. For a rejected lot, inspection shall be made of
all the remaining welds. Rejected welds shall be repaired and re-inspected.
(b) Repairing Methods
Repair of Defective Welds during Fabrication

i. The procedure for the repair of defective welds shall be given in the fabrication procedure
and approved by the Engineer.
ii. If it is observed that a weld crack is not confined to a limited area, or a crack in the base
metal occurs, defects shall be reported to the Engineer and the method of repair shall be
submitted for approval by the Engineer.
53
iii. When many non-conformities are found during welding work, the cause shall be
investigated prior to repair, and countermeasures to prevent reoccurrence shall be taken.
Repair of Welds Rejected at the Time of Acceptance
i. All welds rejected because of improper appearance, incorrect size of internal defects at the
time of acceptance inspection shall be repaired and re-inspected.
ii. Repair of rejected welds shall be made only after discussion with the Engineer.
1021.11 Bolted or Riveted Connections
(a) General
When unfinished bolts are specified, the bolts shall be unfinished, turned, or ribbed bolts conforming to the
requirements as indicated in the drawing. Bolts shall be double nut (have an additional self- locking nut).
Beveled washers shall be used, where bearing faces have a slope of more than 1:20 with respect to a plane
normal to the bolt axis. The specifications of this section do not pertain to the use of high-strength bolts.
Bolted connections fabricated with high-strength bolts shall conform to Section - Connections Using High-
Strength Bolts.
• Turned Bolts
The surface of the body of turned bolts shall meet the roughness rating value of 3.2μm. Heads and
nuts shall be hexagonal with standard dimensions for bolts of the nominal size specified or the next
larger nominal size. Diameter of threads shall be equal to the body of the bolt or the nominal
diameter of the bolt specified. Holes for turned bolts shall be carefully reamed with bolts furnished
to provide for a light driving fit. Threads shall be entirely outside of the holes. A washer shall be
provided under the nut.
• Ribbed Bolts
The body of ribbed bolts shall be of an approved form with continuous longitudinal ribs. The
diameter of the body measured on a circle through the points of the ribs shall be 2mm greater than
the nominal diameter specified for the bolts.
Ribbed bolts shall be furnished with round heads. Nuts shall be hexagonal, either recessed or with
a washer of suitable thickness. Ribbed bolts shall make a driving fit with the holes. The hardness
of the ribs shall be such that the ribs do not distort to permit the bolts to turn in the holes during
tightening. If for any reason the bolt twists before drawing tight, the hole shall be carefully reamed
and an oversized bolt used as a replacement.
(Add the following section)
(d) Bolt Holes
• Holes for High-Strength Bolts and Unfinished Bolts

o General
54
The standard hole diameter for metric bolts M24 and smaller shall be the nominal diameter
of the bolt plus 2mm. For metric bolts M27 and larger, the standard hole diameter shall be
the nominal diameter of the bolt plus 3mm.
Holes for high strength bolt shall be drilled. In case burrs occur at the hole, they shall be
removed by grinding.
When joints are blasted, drilling shall be done prior to blasting.
Holes in cross frames, lateral bracing components, and the corresponding holes in
connection plates between girders and cross frames or lateral components may be drilled
full size.
When shown in the contract documents, enlarged or slotted holes are allowed with high-
strength bolts.
With the Employer’s approval, round or slotted holes for non-main members in thin plate
may be thermally cut by plasma, laser, or oxygen-acetylene methods subject to the
requirements herein.
o Punched Holes
Punching is permissible only when the thickness of steel plate is 13 mm or less.
o Reamed or Drilled Holes
Reamed or drilled holes shall be cylindrical, perpendicular to the member, and shall
comply with the drawing. Where practical, reamers shall be directed by mechanical means.
Burrs on the outside surfaces shall be removed. Connecting parts requiring reamed or
drilled holes shall be assembled and securely held while being reamed or drilled and shall
be match-marked before disassembling.
• Numerically Controlled Drilled Field Connections
In lieu of sub-sized holes and reaming while assembled, or drilling holes full-size while assembled,
the Contractor shall have the option to drill or punch bolt holes full-size in unassembled pieces
and/or connections including templates for use with matching sub-sized and reamed holes, by
means of suitable numerically-controlled (N/C) drilling equipment.
If N/C drilling equipment is used, the Contractor shall be required to demonstrate the accuracy of
this drilling procedure where Assembly— Numerically-Controlled Drilling, by means of check
assemblies.
Holes drilled or punched by N/C equipment shall be drilled to appropriate size either through
individual pieces or drilled through any combination of pieces held tightly together.
• Holes for Ribbed Bolts, Turned Bolts, or Other Approved Bearing-Type Bolts
All holes for ribbed bolts, turned bolts, or other approved bearing-type bolts shall be sub-drilled
5mm smaller than the nominal diameter of the bolt and reamed when assembled, or drilled to a
steel template or, after assembling, drilled from the solid at the option of the Fabricator. In any
case, the finished holes shall provide a driving fit as specified in the contract documents.
55
• Preparation of Field Connections
Holes in all field connections and field splices of main member of trusses, arches, continuous-beam
spans, bents, towers (each face), plate girders, and rigid frames shall be or sub-drilled and
subsequently reamed while assembled or drilled full-size through a steel template while assembled.
Holes in cross frames, lateral bracing components, and the corresponding holes in connection plates
between girders and cross frames or lateral components may be drilled full size. Holes in
longitudinal main load-carrying members, transverse floor beams, and any components designated
as fracture critical (FCMs) shall not be drilled full-size. Holes for field splices of rolled beam
stringers continuous over floor beams or cross frames may be drilled full-size unassembled to a
steel template. All holes for floor beams or cross frames may be drilled full-size unassembled to a
steel template, except that all holes for floor beam and stringer field end connections shall be sub-
drilled and reamed while assembled or drilled full-size to a steel template. Reaming or drilling full-
size of field-connection holes through a steel template shall be done after the template has been
located with utmost care as to position and angle and firmly bolted in place. Templates used for
reaming matching members or the opposite faces of a single member shall be exact duplicates.
Templates used for connections on like parts or members shall be so accurately located that the
parts or members are duplicates and require no matchmarking.
For any connection, in lieu of sub-drilling and reaming or sub-drilling and reaming, the Fabricator
may, at the Fabricator’s option, drill holes full-size with all thicknesses or material assembled in
proper position.
1021.11A Pins and Rollers (New Sub-Section)
1021.11A.1 General
Pins and rollers shall be accurately turned to the dimensions shown on the drawings and shall be straight,
smooth, and free from flaws. Pins and rollers more than 225mm in diameter shall be forged and annealed.
Pins and rollers 225mm or less in diameter may be either forged and annealed or cold-finished carbon-steel
shafting.
In pins larger than 225mm in diameter, a hole not less than 50mm in diameter shall be bored full-length
along the axis after the forging has been allowed to cool to a temperature below the critical range, under
suitable conditions to prevent injury by too rapid cooling, and before being annealed.
1021.11A.2 Boring Pin Holes
Pin holes shall be bored true to the specified diameter, smooth and straight, at right angles with the axis of
the member and parallel with each other unless otherwise required. The final surface shall be produced by
a finishing cut.
The diameter of the pin hole shall not exceed that of the pin by more than 0.5mm for pins 125mm or less
in diameter, or by 0.8mm for larger pins.
The distance outside to outside of end holes in tension members and inside to inside of end holes in
compression members shall not vary from that specified more than 0.8mm. Boring of pin holes in built-up
members shall be done after the member has been assembled.
56
1021.11A.3 Threads for Bolts and Pins
Threads for all bolts and pins for structural steel construction shall conform to the Euro Code Standard for
external/internal threads, except that pin ends having a diameter of 34mm or more with a tolerance for
external threads and for internal threads.
1021.11A.4 Eye-bars
Pin holes may be flame-cut at least 50mm smaller in diameter than the finished pin diameter. All eye-bars
that are to be placed side by side in the structure shall be securely fastened together in the order that they
will be placed on the pin and bored at both ends while so clamped. Eye-bars shall be packed and match-
marked for shipment and erection. All identifying marks shall be stamped with steel stencils on the edge of
one head of each member after fabrication is completed so as to be visible when the bars are nested in place
on the structure. Steel die stamps shall be low stress-type. No welding is allowed on eye-bars or to secure
adjacent eye-bars.
The eye-bars shall be straight and free from twists and the pin holes shall be accurately located on the
centerline of the bar. The inclination of any bar to the plane of the truss shall not exceed a slope of 0.5
percent. The edges of eye-bars that lie between the transverse centerline of their pin holes shall be cut
simultaneously with two mechanically operated torches abreast of each other, guided by a substantial
template, in such a manner as to prevent distortion of the plates.
1021.12 Trial Erection of Structural Steel Work
(Add the following text at the end of this section)
The method and details of preassembly shall be consistent with the erection procedure shown on the
erection plans and camber diagrams prepared by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer. As a
minimum, the preassembly procedure shall consist of assembling three adjacent panels accurately adjusted
for line and camber. Successive assemblies shall consist of at least one section or panel of the previous
assembly (repositioned if necessary and adequately pinned to assure accurate alignment) plus two or more
sections or panels added at the advancing end. In the case of structures longer than 45m, each assembly
shall be not less than 45m long regardless of the length of individual continuous panels or sections.
Connecting parts preassembled in the shop to assure proper fit in the field shall be match-marked, and a
diagram showing such marks shall be furnished to the Engineer.
1021.13 Permanent Erection of Structural Steel Work
(b) Site Welding
a. Where site welding is permitted, it shall be conducted as per British Welding Society (BWS) or
equivalent procedure as approved by the engineer. Preheat where required in consultation with the
Engineer as recommended by BWS.
57
b. Welding shall be done in such a manner to prevent warping or distortion of the finished product.
Jigs shall be used to restrain the piece from moving during welding or cooling. Sequence weld
passes at a joint to prevent excessive heat build-up or cause shrinkage cracks to form. Adequately
c. peen and brush joint after successive passes to prevent slag inclusions, open pockets, and
inadequate fusion.
d. Auxiliary Member Connections and Temporary Welds: Per BWS provided that preheating may be
omitted, and welds to structural base material are more than 25mm away from corners or ends of
plates.
(Add the following sections)
(c) Erection Stresses
Any erection stresses induced in the structure as a result of using a method of erection which differs from
the contract documents shall be accounted for by the Contractor. Erection design calculations for such
changed methods shall be prepared at the Contractor’s expense and submitted to the Engineer. The
calculations shall indicate any change in stresses or change in behavior for the temporary and final
structures. Additional material required to keep both the temporary and final stresses within the allowable
limits used in design shall be provided at the Contractor’s expense.
The Contractor shall be responsible for providing temporary bracing or stiffening devices to accommodate
handling stresses in individual members or segments of the structure during erection.
(d ) Maintaining Alignment and Camber

During erection, the Contractor shall be responsible for supporting segments of the structure in a manner
that will produce the proper alignment and camber in the completed structure. Cross frames and diagonal
bracing shall be installed as necessary during the erection process to provide stability and assure correct
geometry. Temporary bracing, if necessary at any stage of erection, shall be provided by the Contractor.
(e) Field Assembly
1. Set structural members to the lines and elevations indicated. Align and adjust the various members
forming a part of a complete frame or structure before permanently fastening to the total structure.
Perform necessary adjustments to compensate for discrepancies in elevations and alignment.
2. Before assembly clean bearing surfaces and other surfaces which will be in permanent contact after
assembly.
3. Splice members only where indicated on Structural Drawings or where accepted by the Engineer.
4. Do not enlarge unfair holes in members by burning or by the use of drift pins. Ream holes that need
to be enlarged to admit bolts. Where a hole is required to be enlarged by more than 2.4mm- ream
to and use next larger bolt size.
5. Do not use gas cutting torches in the field for correcting fabricating errors in the structural framing
unless accepted by the Engineer. Finish gas cut sections equal to a sheared appearance when
permitted.
6. The quality of field welds or bolting shall be the same as that performed in the shop.
7. Erection bolts for welded connections shall be tightened securely and left in place during welding
works. Upon completion of the connection, the erection bolts shall be removed, and the holes made
good.
8. Immediately after erection, clean field welds, bolted connections, and abraded areas of shop paint.
Apply paint to exposed areas using same material as used for shop painting. Apply by brush or
spray to provide minimum dry film thickness of 1.5 mm.
58
(f) Setting Base Plates

1) Clean concrete bearing surfaces and roughen to improve bond. Clean the bottom surface of base
plates.
2) Ensure to check site measurements.
3) Tighten anchor bolts after the supported members have been positioned and plumbed. Do not
remove wedges or shims, but if protruding, cut off flush with the edge of the base plate prior to
packing with grout.
4) Grout shall be installed and cured according to the manufacturer's recommendations such that no
voids remain. All exposed surfaces shall be finished neat.
(g) Expansion Bolts

1. Install in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
2. Use washers on all bolts.
3. Use care to avoid cutting or damaging reinforcing bars.
4. When exposed architecturally to view in the final structure, bolts shall be of a length that will
extend entirely through but not more than 1/4-inch beyond the nuts.
(h) Touch-up Painting

1. Immediately after erection, clean field welds, bolted connections and abraded areas of the shop
paint and paint all exposed surfaces.
2. Use same materials and standards as for shop painting.
1021.14 Protective Treatment of Structural Steelwork against corrosion
(a) Description
This section will cover the protective treatment against corrosion of structural steel work used in bridges
and other steel structures
(Add the following sub-section (d))
Shape and Size of Steel Members subjected to galvanizing
• Any assembled single component of the steel member receiving galvanization shall be dipped into
the galvanizing bath at one time.
• For galvanizing of closed cross-section members, such as a box or pipe structure, it shall be
confirmed before galvanizing that adequate openings are provided at both ends of members for
adequate flow of zinc and air.
• For built-up H-shapes greater than 600 mm in height, stiffeners at least 9 mm thick shall be provided
at intervals of one and a half times the member height.
• At a corner intersection where three directions are surrounded with parts, stiffener or web in one
direction shall be provided with a circular hole to allow for flow of zinc and air. The hole shall be
at least 35 mm diameter. Subject to the approval of the Engineer, a scallop may be used instead of
a circular hole. Opening(s) shall be provided at the end faces and internal diaphragms of closed
members.
59
Correction and Inspection of Galvanized Members

• Distortion generated by galvanizing shall be corrected by application of pressure using a press, roller
or jack. Heat shall not be applied to correct distortion. During correction, galvanized surfaces shall be
protected from damage by means such as placing wood.
• Inspection of welds on member to be galvanized shall be conducted before galvanizing. Inspection of
distortional tolerance and appearance shall be conducted after galvanizing.
Galvanizing High-Strength Bolts
When bolts are galvanized, they shall be specified to be hot-dip galvanized or its equivalent. Galvanized
bolts shall be tension tested after galvanizing. Washers, nuts, and bolts of any assembly shall be galvanized
by the same process. The nuts should be over-tapped to the minimum amount required for the fastener
assembly and shall be lubricated with a lubricant containing a visible dye so a visual check can be made
for the lubricant at the time of field installation.
(i) Metal Coatings
(add the following sub- section)
(iv) Marine paint
The work under this section shall comply will ISO-12944 Parts 1-8 and EN-ISO-12944 Part 9
1022 MANHOLE COVER ON BOTTOM SLAB (New Section)
1022.1 Description
This work consists of the supply, fabrication, delivery, inspection, installation and corrosion protection of
the manhole cover which will be installed at the PC box girder bottom slabs.
1022.2 Requirements
Manhole cover shall have functions of preventing outsiders or small animals not to enter into the box girder
bridge, making inspector or worker enter easily and safely into the PC box girder, and bearing load of 300
kg and shall have durability of at least 30 years. All iron and steel components shall be hot dipped
galvanized. In accordance with these requirements, the Contractor shall propose and submit shop drawings
and design report for review and approval by the Engineer.
1022.3 Materials
Manhole cover is composed of steel plates, bolts & nuts, handle, rails, concrete anchor, and wheels. These
parts shall be made of structural steel JIS G 3106 SM400 or equivalent of other specifications. The
Contractor shall propose and submit shop drawings and design report for review and approval by the
Engineer.
Hot-dip zinc-coatings shall conform to BS EN ISO 1461:2009.
Concrete anchor "Hole-in-anchor" shall also have corrosion protection such as stainless anchor or ceramic
anchor.
60
1022.4 Fabrication and Inspection
The manhole cover shall be fabricated in a factory. Thickness or weight of its zinc coating as well as the
typical size and weight of the manhole cover shall be inspected and reported to the Engineer for approval
before acceptance. The size of the cover shall be dependent on the actual dimensions of the as-built
manhole, these dimensions shall be verified before fabrication.
1022.5 Installation and Repair
The manhole cover shall be protected not to be injured during delivery to the Site. Installation shall be done
by procedures to be proposed by the Contractor for the Engineer's approval. After installation inspection of
zinc coating shall be done, and if abrasion of zinc coating shall be found, the Contractor shall report and
propose how to repair to the Engineer for approval, and repair it appropriately according to the requirements
of ASTM A 780 Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings.
(a) Measurement
Manhole cover shall be measured for payment by the number provided in the finished work and it shall
include all ancillary items mentioned in the Materials.
(b) Payment
This work measured as provided above will be paid for at the Contract unit price for this item. Such price
and payment constitute full compensation for all material, supply, fabrication, delivery, inspection,
installation, corrosion protection, labour, tools, equipment and incidentals needed to complete all works.

1022(1) Manhole cover on bottom slab Number
1600 QUALITY CONTROL OF WORK
(Add the following text after the main title of Section 1600)
The detail testing regimes and standards for the quality control of workmanship and materials are given in
each item. The Contractor shall carry out the tests detailed in the items in accordance with his Quality
Control Plan under the Quality Assurance System.
The Contractor shall prepare a Quality Control Plan which shall detail quality control procedures such as
to demonstrate that the requirements of Clause 4.9 of the Conditions of Contract in respect of quality are
met. The Quality Control Plan shall provide a formal framework for the approval of the Works by the
Engineer.
In particular, the Quality Control Plan shall include:
(a) quality control procedures in respect of the selection and control of materials, distinguishing between
approval testing and compliance testing.
(b) quality control procedures in respect of construction operations, identifying procedures for production
control and procedures for survey control.
(c) procedures for the Contractor and Engineer to “sign off‟ approved construction works.
61
In preparing the Quality Control Plan the Contractor shall take into consideration the requirements and
obligations of the Engineer in respect of checking and inspection of the Works.
1601.2 Horizontal Alignment
(Delete second paragraph and substitute with the following)
The corresponding tolerances for the edges of the shoulders and the lower layers of the pavement shall be
+ 25mm with no negative tolerance.
1601.3 Longitudinal Profile and Pavement Layer Thickness
The level of sub grade and different pavement courses as constructed shall not vary from the design level
calculated at any point with reference to longitudinal and cross-section profile of the road shown on the
Drawings or as instructed by the Engineer beyond the tolerances mentioned below:
Sub grade : + 10 mm / -10 mm

Sub-base : + 10 mm / -10 mm
Base-course : + 10 mm/ -10 mm
Asphalt surfacing : + 10 mm only
Cement Concrete Pavement : + 10mm only
Notwithstanding the level tolerances given above, thickness of pavement layers shall not vary from the
specified thickness by more than the following amounts.
Sub grade : + 10 mm / -20 mm

Sub-base : + 10 mm / -20 mm
Base-course : +15 mm / -10 mm
Asphalt surfacing : +5 mm / -2 mm
Cement Concrete Pavement : +5 mm / -2 mm
1601.4 Surface Regularity of Subgrade and Pavement Layers
(Delete Table 1601-1 and substitute with the following)
Table 1606-1: Tolerance and Surface Regularity
TYPE OF LONGITUDINAL PROFILE WITH 3m

TRANSVERSE PROFILE
CONSTRUCTION STRAIGHTEDGE
Maximum Maximum number of undulations Maximum permissible
permitted permitted in any 300 metre length variation from specified
undulation exceeding profile under camber
template
mm 18mm 12mm 10mm 5mm mm
Subgrade 24 30 15
Sub-base 15 30 10
Base-course 12 30 8
Asphalt Surfacing 6 30 5
62
Surface regularity requirements in respect of both the longitudinal and transverse profiles shall be
simultaneously satisfied.
References
BS 5950 Structural Use of Steelwork in buildings
BS EN 10025 Hot Rolled Structural Steel
BS 5400 Steel Concrete and Composite Bridges
BS EN 1011 Welding; Recommendations for welding of metallic materials
BS EN ISO 2553 Welding and allied processes. Welded joints
ISO-12944 Parts 1-8 Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel

structures by protective paint systems -
EN-ISO-12944 Part 9 Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel

structures by protective paint systems
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Light Rail Transit System in Colombo Volume 2,Section-VI-B,TS 200

The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

IFB No: CLRT/CV/DEPO CIVIL

VOLUME 2. WORKS REQUIREMENTS

Section VI-B Specifications

TS 200 Technical Specification

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM IN COLOMBO

100 GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................... 6

The works covered by this specification comprises of the following:

(Add the following text)

P.S – Provisional Sum

L.S – Lump Sum

JIS - Japan Industrial Standard

AWS - American Welding Society

102 DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS

Right of Way (ROW)

(Delete the definition and substitute with the following)

Extent of the land legally available for the works.

(Delete the definition and substitute with the following)

103 ARRANGEMENTS FOR TRAFFIC WITH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING

(Delete this Section in its entirety)

Reference shall be made to GS 100 for Traffic Arrangement.

106 GENERAL RULES FOR MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

106.1 Lead for Materials

(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

109 WORKMANSHIP AND QUALITY CONTROL

(Delete the second paragraph and substitute with the following)

109.2 Measurement and Payment

(Delete this subsection in its entirety)

110.3 Measurement and Payment

(Replace the text under this section with the following)

(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

Pay Item Description Pay Unit

112 (1) Demolition / Rebuilding of property Provisional Sum

117 SETTING OUT, CROSS SECTION SURVEYS AND DRAWINGS

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Reference shall be made to Section 112 of GS 100.

118 PROJECT SIGN BOARDS

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(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

Pay Item Description Pay Unit

118(1) Provide and maintain Project sign boards Number

118 (2) Provide and maintain Project plaque Number

119 PROVISION OF INSURANCE, BONDS AND SECURITIES

(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

119.2 Measurement and Payment

(Delete the text entirely and substitute with the following)

Pay Item Description Pay Unit

119(1)a Provide Insurance of the Works Lump Sum

119(1)b Provide Insurance of the Contractor’s equipment Lump Sum

119(1)c Provide Third Party Insurance Lump Sum

119(1)d Provide Workmen’s Compensation Insurance Lump Sum

119(2)a Provide Performance Security Lump Sum

119(2)b Provide Bank Guarantee for Advance Payment Lump Sum

200 SITE CLEARANCE

201 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

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