Top Common Challenges in AI

There are several Artificial Intelligence problems, and we are going to address these
challenges and how to solve them.

1. Computing Power

The amount of power these power-hungry algorithms use is a factor keeping most
developers away. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are the stepping stones of
this Artificial Intelligence, and they demand an ever-increasing number of cores and
GPUs to work efficiently. There are various domains where we have ideas and
knowledge to implement deep learning frameworks such as asteroid tracking,
healthcare deployment, tracing of cosmic bodies, and much more.

They require a supercomputer’s computing power, and yes, supercomputers aren’t

cheap. Although, due to the availability of Cloud Computing and parallel
processing systems developers work on AI systems more effectively, they come at a
price. Not everyone can afford that with an increase in the inflow of unprecedented
amounts of data and rapidly increasing complex algorithms.

2. Trust Deficit
One of the most important factors that are a cause of worry for the AI is the
unknown nature of how deep learning models predict the output. How a specific set of
inputs can devise a solution for different kinds of problems is difficult to understand
for a layman.

Many people in the world don’t even know the use or existence of Artificial
Intelligence, and how it is integrated into everyday items they interact with such as
smartphones, Smart TVs, Banking, and even cars (at some level of automation).

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3. Limited Knowledge

Although there are many places in the market where we can use Artificial
Intelligence as a better alternative to the traditional systems. The real problem is the
knowledge of Artificial Intelligence. Apart from technology enthusiasts, college
students, and researchers, there are only a limited number of people who are aware
of the potential of AI.

For example, there are many SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) which can
have their work scheduled or learn innovative ways to increase their production,
manage resources, sell and manage products online, learn and understand consumer
behavior and react to the market effectively and efficiently. They are also not aware
of service providers such as Google Cloud, Amazon Web Services, and others in the
tech industry.

4. Human-level

This is one of the most important challenges in AI , one that has kept researchers on
edge for AI services in companies and start-ups. These companies might be
boasting of above 90% accuracy, but humans can do better in all of these scenarios.
For example, let our model predict whether the image is of a dog or a cat. The
human can predict the correct output nearly every time, mopping up a stunning
accuracy of above 99%.

For a deep learning model to perform a similar performance would require

unprecedented finetuning, hyperparameter optimization, large dataset, and a well-
defined and accurate algorithm, along with robust computing power, uninterrupted
training on train data and testing on test data. That sounds a lot of work, and it’s
actually a hundred times more difficult than it sounds.

One way you can avoid doing all the hard work is just by using a service provider,
for they can train specific deep learning models using pre-trained models. They are
trained on millions of images and are fine-tuned for maximum accuracy, but the
real problem is that they continue to show errors and would really struggle to reach
human-level performance.

5. Data Privacy and Security

The main factor on which all the deep and machine learning models are based on is the
availability of data and resources to train them. Yes, we have data, but as this data
is generated from millions of users around the globe, there are chances this data can
be used for bad purposes.
For example, let us suppose a medical service provider offers services to 1 million
people in a city, and due to a cyber-attack, the personal data of all the one million
users fall in the hands of everyone on the dark web. This data includes data about
diseases, health problems, medical history, and much more. To make matters worse,
we are now dealing with planet size data. With this much information pouring in
from all directions, there would surely be some cases of data leakage.

Some companies have already started working innovatively to bypass these barriers.
It trains the data on smart devices, and hence it is not sent back to the servers, only
the trained model is sent back to the organization.

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6. The Bias Problem

The good or bad nature of an AI system really depends on the amount of data they
are trained on. Hence, the ability to gain good data is the solution to good AI
systems in the future. But, in reality, the everyday data the organizations collect is
poor and holds no significance of its own.

They are biased, and only somehow define the nature and specifications of a limited
number of people with common interests based on religion, ethnicity, gender,
community, and other racial biases. The real change can be brought only by
defining some algorithms that can efficiently track these problems.

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7. Data Scarcity

With major companies such as Google, Facebook, and Apple facing charges
regarding unethical use of user data generated, various countries such as India are
using stringent IT rules to restrict the flow. Thus, these companies now face the
problem of using local data for developing applications for the world, and that
would result in bias.

The data is a very important aspect of AI, and labeled data is used to train machines
to learn and make predictions. Some companies are trying to innovate new
methodologies and are focused on creating AI models that can give accurate results
despite the scarcity of data. With biased information, the entire system could
become flawed.
 Challenges of AI #1: Data Quality and Availability
There’s a need for extensive, unbiased, and high-quality datasets for effective AI model
training. Making sure that AI models are built upon datasets that are both
representative and free from bias is a top priority for responsible and effective AI
development.

To guarantee the relevance and reliability of data, organizations that use AI should have
a robust data collection process that accommodates most, if not all of the following:
 Diverse data sources
 Data augmentation techniques
 Rigorous labeling and annotation
 Bias detection and mitigation
 Transparency and continuous monitoring
 Open data initiatives
 Partnerships with external organizations
 Active collaboration between experts

Challenges of AI #2: Bias and Fairness

AI systems have the potential to perpetuate or exacerbate biases present in their
training data. This results in unfair or discriminatory outcomes, particularly in domains
like hiring, criminal justice, and lending.
 In general, addressing the challenges of AI needs an approach that combines technical,
ethical, and regulatory measures to build more unbiased and fair AI systems. Here are
some suggestions:
1. Technical measure: Implement strong bias detection techniques during both the data
collection and model training stages.
2. Ethical measure: Employ diversity and inclusivity in development teams to reduce bias
and promote fairness in AI system design.
3. Regulatory measure: Develop ethical guidelines and regulatory standards for AI
applications.

Challenges of AI #3: Transparency and Explainability

Many AI models, especially deep learning models, are often considered "black boxes".
This means that it’s difficult to understand their decision-making processes. Still, this
understanding is essential for trust and accountability.
So, a way to solve this problem of AI is to invest in research and the development of
explainable AI (XAI) techniques that offer insights into model predictions. This’ll let users
understand the factors influencing AI decisions.
We could also encourage AI models that prioritize transparency and accountability by
design, alongside regulatory standards that require explainability in critical applications.
If we can promote the use of simpler, interpretable models and clear documentation of
model architectures and training data, we can further enhance transparency and foster
ethical AI.

Challenges of AI #4: Ethical Concerns

The use of AI raises ethical dilemmas such as privacy, surveillance, and the potential for
misuse. This means that there’s a need to establish comprehensive guidelines and
frameworks to guarantee the ethical use of AI.
One solution for this AI issue is to prioritize ethical considerations in AI development.
Transparency, fairness, and accountability should be emphasized throughout the entire
AI lifecycle, from data collection to delivery.
Interdisciplinary collaboration between technology experts, ethicists, policymakers, and
stakeholders should also facilitate the creation of regulatory standards that govern AI
usage. This collaboration can guarantee AI’s alignment with societal values and
fundamental rights.
Continuous public engagement and awareness campaigns also underscore the
importance of ethical AI practices and the consequences of misuse. With collective
efforts, we can successfully deal with all of these artificial intelligence problems and
solutions.

Challenges of AI #5: Regulation and Governance

Determining responsibility for AI system decisions and actions is complex, especially in
cases of system errors or misuse. To address this, establishing a clear legal and
regulatory framework for AI applications is vital.
The roles and responsibilities of developers, operators, and users must all be defined.
This includes implementing transparency requirements, setting up regulatory bodies,
and setting up industry standards for ethical and safe AI use.
With international cooperation for the standardization of AI regulations, global
challenges can be addressed. Plus, continuous monitoring, compliance audits, and
reporting mechanisms can make sure that people are following AI governance
guidelines.
Also, integrating accountability and liability considerations into AI development
processes can promote responsible AI innovation while addressing concerns related to
regulatory enforcement.

Challenges of AI #6: Security and Robustness

AI systems can be vulnerable to malicious attacks, where slight modifications to input
data can lead to incorrect results. This is why the security and robustness of AI models is
a critical concern.
 To mitigate this challenge, a multi-faceted approach is needed. Possible solutions to
fortify the security and robustness of AI models against adversarial threats include the
following:
 Advancing research in adversarial training techniques where AI models are trained to
resist such attacks
 Developing intrusion detection systems specifically designed to identify malicious
activities targeting AI
 Employing encryption methods to protect sensitive AI models and data
 Securing data storage and transmission
 Rigorous testing and validation of AI systems under a variety of conditions
 Continuous monitoring for anomalies
 Collaborating with cybersecurity experts
 Adopting best practices for secure AI development

Challenges of AI #7: International Cooperation

As previously mentioned, AI development is a global endeavor, and international
collaboration is necessary to address ethical, regulatory, and security challenges
effectively.
International agreements and alliances must be established to facilitate knowledge-
sharing, standardization, and harmonization of AI principles and policies.
Cross-border research collaborations, data exchange, and coordinated efforts in setting
ethical standards and regulatory guidelines should be encouraged. These can foster a
more unified approach to AI development and governance.
International organizations or forums dedicated to AI discussions can collectively
address global challenges, guaranteeing responsible and beneficial AI worldwide.

Challenges of AI #8: Job Displacement

Automation and AI technologies have the potential to replace certain jobs, which can
lead to workforce disruptions. Potential solutions include investing in robust training
programs that focus on reskilling and upskilling workers to adapt to changing job
requirements.
Governments, businesses, and educational institutions can collaborate to identify
emerging job sectors and promote lifelong learning. They can also support affected
workers through financial assistance and career transition programs.
AI development efforts should also shift toward creating technologies that augment
human capabilities rather than replace them. In turn, this promotes the development of
new roles and opportunities. For example, students are hampering their own creativity
and writing skills by using an AI essay generator to fully do the work for them. Instead,
they could use AI to help with researching relevant information and refining their essays
with correct grammar.
By doing this, we can take advantage of AI as a tool to enhance productivity and
innovation while safeguarding job stability and economic resilience.

Challenges of AI #9: Human-AI Interaction

Creating seamless and effective user interfaces for humans to interact with AI systems,
such as chatbots or autonomous vehicles, is an ongoing challenge. This challenge
highlights the need for intuitive and efficient platforms that facilitate smooth
collaboration between humans and AI.
User-centric design, natural language processing, and user-friendly interfaces can make
AI technology accessible to a broad audience.
Developing AI systems that can understand and adapt to human preferences and
context is crucial. This requires advancements in human-computer interaction and
personalization techniques.
Extensive user testing and feedback loops can also help refine AI interfaces. An added
benefit is fostering user confidence in the technology.

Challenges of AI #10: Energy Consumption

Large AI models can have a substantial carbon footprint due to their energy
consumption, which raises environmental concerns. But AI models and hardware can be
improved for energy efficiency, with a focus on developing more power-efficient
algorithms and architectures.
Transitioning to renewable energy sources for AI infrastructure and data centers can
also significantly reduce the carbon footprint associated with AI technology.
Plus, considering trade-offs between model size and environmental impact and
adopting model compression techniques can help strike a balance between
performance and sustainability.
A holistic approach to addressing energy consumption challenges in AI requires
innovation, industry-wide commitment, and eco-friendly practices to minimize its
environmental footprint.
Reasons why training data is important for AI and ML practices.
Training data is perhaps one of the most integral pieces of machine learning and
artificial intelligence. Without it, machine learning and artificial intelligence would be
impossible. Models would not be able to learn, make predictions, or extract useful
information without learning from training data. It’s safe to say that training data is
the backbone of machine learning and artificial intelligence.

Similar to how humans learn from past experiences, artificial intelligence uses
training data to learn and develop intelligence to make decisions. Because of that,
a model is only as good as the quality of the training data. This means that training
data of higher quality will yield a better-trained model and more accurate results,
reducing the chances of a model with a high bias or high variance.

Through training data, artificial intelligence and machine learning have changed the
world we live in and continue to do so. Tasks that would take humans hours or
even years can now be solved within seconds. These capabilities have led to
incredible advancements in healthcare, finance, retail, business, and many more
other industries. Humans today rely on artificial intelligence without even knowing
it. For example, email spam detection or predictive typing platforms are ways in
which artificial intelligence and machine learning have shaped our day-to-day lives.
This would not be possible without the presence of training data to enable these
technologies.