TOPIC: CHEMICAL BONDING

ANSWER KEY

21. (C) 22. (D) 23. (C) 24. (A) 25. (C)

26. (A) 27. (D) 28. (B) 29. (B) 30. (B)

31. (A) 32. (C) 33. (C) 34. (D) 35. (D)

36. (C) 37. (B) 38. (D) 39. (B) 40. (B)

SOLUTION

21. (C)
2NO 2 ‡ˆ ˆheating
ˆ ˆ†
cooling
ˆ ˆ N 2O4
NO2 has one unpaired electron (paramagnetic) which forms bonds with another NO2 molecule to
give N2O4.
So, N2O4 does not have any unpaired electrons (diamagnetic).
O O O O
N + N N N
O O O O

22. (D)
In option D, the N-atom having positive charge does not have its octet complete (6 e , coming from 2
lone pairs and one bond pair). Moreover, this N-atom with positive charge has more than expected
number of electrons. It has 5 e instead of 4 e , even after losing one e .

23. (C)
The central atom B is electron deficient and sp2-hybridised. There is an additional p - p back
bonding between 2p electrons of F atom and vacant 2p unutilized orbital of B atom giving rise to
three resonating structures.

24. (A)
N(SiH3)3 has p - p back bonding from lone pair of N-atom to empty d-orbitals of Si.
Similarly (SiH3)3P also has p - d back bonding from l p of P/atom to empty d-orbitals of Si.
 -bonding makes them planar.

25. (C)
Born-Haber cycle for the formation of AX3 :
 3
A (s ) + X 2 ( g ) ⎯⎯⎯
H f
→ AX 3 ( s )
2
3
H sub H diss
2

A (g) 3X ( g )

IE1 + IE 2 + IE 3 3H EG

A 3+ ( g ) + 3X − ( g )
3
 H f = Hsub + ( IE1 + IE 2 + IE 3 ) + H diss + 3H EG + Lattice energy
2
3 
= 100 + 60 + 150 + 280 +   80  − ( 3  100 ) − 470
2 
= −90 Kcal mol

26. (A)
Bond order is defined as one half of the difference between the number of electrons present in the
bonding and the antibonding molecular orbital’s. B.O = nb – na /2
Molecular orbital configuration for CN- and NO+ are :
CN- (total no. of e– = 14 [7(N) + 6(C) + 1 (–ve charge)]
( 1s ) ( *1s ) ( 2s ) ( * 2s ) ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( 2 pz )
2 2 2 2 2

Or kk ( 2s ) ( * 2s ) ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( 2 p z )
2 2 2

B.O = nb – na /2 = 8-2/2 = 3.0

NO+ ( total no. of e– = 14 [7(N) + 8(0) – 1 (+ve charge)]
2 2 2
(
Kk ( 2s ) ( * 2s ) ( 2 pz )  2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 )
B.O = 8 – 2/2 = 3.0

27. (D)
In SOF2 the central atom is S (at. No. 16)
According to VSEPR theory, there are total number of 5 electron pairs around S [4 bond pairs
(3 and 1 ) for two S‒F single bonds and one S=O double bond) + 1 lone pair]. Thus lone pair –
bond pair repulsions result in pyramidal shape of the molecule. (AB3E type of molecule where B are
 bond pairs and E is lone pair)

28. (B)

29. (B)
Molecules Hybridization Shape bp lp
NH3 sp3 3 1

NH+4 sp3 4 0
 PCl3 sp3 3 1

SCl2 sp3 2 2

Based on VSEPR, the electronic repulsions follow the order

Lp – lp >lp – bp>bp – bp – bp
In NH4+ there is no lone pair present and hence electron repulsions are minimum. Thus bond angles
are maximum
30. (B)
Salts SnCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2 contain divalent cations Sn2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ while saltcontains trivalent
ion Al3+
According to one of the Fajans’ rules, the greater the charge on the cation, the greater the covalent
character of the ionic bond. Thus AlCl3 has the maximum covalent character.

31. (A)
Molecular orbital Configurations for
O2 2+is KK (2s) 2 (*2s) 2 (2 pz )2 ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( * 2 px 0 =  * 2 p y 0 )
Bond Order = (8-2)/2 = 3.0
O2 +is KK (2s) 2 (*2s) 2 (2 pz )2 ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( * 2 px1 =  * 2 p y 0 )
Bond Order = (8-3)/2 = 2.5
O2 −is KK (2s) 2 (*2s) 2 (2 pz ) 2 ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( * 2 px 2 =  * 2 p y1 )
Bond Order = (8-5)/2 = 1.5
O2 2– is KK (2s)2 (*2s) 2 (2 pz ) 2 ( 2 px 2 =  2 p y 2 ) ( * 2 px 2 =  * 2 p y 2 )
Bond Order = (8-6)/2 = 1.0
Bond order is a direct indicator of bond length. Higher the bond order, shorter the bond length.
Hence O22+ will have shortest bond length

32. (C)
The Molecular orbital configuration of B2 molecule (Total number of electrons = 10) is
KK ( 2s )2 ( * 2s )2 ( 2 px1 =  2 p y1 ) ( 2 pz )o
Bond Order = (4-2)/2 = 1.0
The presence of two unpaired electrons in  bonding orbitals give paramagnetic properties to the
molecule.

33. (C)
PF5 and BrF5
Hybridisation of central atom P in PF5 is sp3d (5  bond pairs around P) and the structure is trigonal
bipyramidal.
Hybridisation of central atom Br in BrF5 is sp3d2 (5  bond pairs and one lone pair around Br). The
geometry is thus octahedral and the actual shape appears to be square pyramidal.

34. (D)

35. (D)
36. (C)

Sea-saw

37. (B)
N, C and oxygen do not have d-orbital's whereas sulphur has d-orbital. So it undergoes p  –d 
overlap

38. (D)

39. (B)
Acc to VSEPR Theory, in XeOF4,
No. of electrons contributed by Xe = 8
No. of electrons contributed by O = 2
No. of electrons contributed by 4F = 4 (1 e- by each F)
Total number of electrons around Xe in XeOF4 = 14 (7 electron pairs)
Number of electrons used in 5 bonds (1 Xe-O and 4 Xe-F) = 10
Number of electrons used in 1 π bonds (1 Xe=O) = 2
Total Number of Bonding pairs is therefore 6.
Total Number of Non Bonding (lone) pairs is therefore = 7-6 = 1.

40. (B)
Hybridisations of central atom, geometry and shapes of NO2 and O3 are
NO2 Hybridisation – sp2 Geometry - triangular planar Shape – bent
O3 Hybridisation – sp 2
Geometry - triangular planar Shape – bent
In both the molecules, individual bond moments do not cancel out each other’s effects giving rise to
a net permanent dipole moment in the molecule.