DNF Block Compounds: Exploring

the Properties of Transition

Elements
D And F Block Elements One Shot | Class 12 | JEE …
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Introduction
Welcome to this chapter on DNF block compounds, where we will delve into the fascinating world of transition
elements. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the properties of these elements, including their atomic and
physical properties, electrode potential, and chemical reactivity. We will also discuss the preparation of potassium
dichromate and potassium permanganate, as well as touch upon the characteristics of F block elements. So grab your
notebook and pen, and let's embark on this enriching journey together!

Why are they called D block elements?

Before we dive into the specifics, let's take a closer look at the periodic table. As you may know, the periodic table is
divided into distinct blocks, including the s block, p block, and d block. The s block elements are found on the left side
of the table, while the p block elements are located on the right side. In between these two representative blocks lies
the d block, which is also known as the transition elements.

The transition elements, or d block elements, play a crucial role in the periodic table. They are so named because
they facilitate the transition between the properties of s block and p block elements. As we move from left to right
across the periodic table, the properties of elements change, and this transition is facilitated by the d block elements.

Physical and Atomic Properties of D Block Elements

The d block elements, also known as transition elements, belong to groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table. These
elements have unique physical and atomic properties that set them apart from other elements. Let's take a closer
look at some of these key properties:

Atomic Number and Electronic Configuration

The atomic number of an element determines its position in the periodic table. For example, Scandium has an atomic
number of 21, while Zinc has an atomic number of 30. It is important to note the atomic number and electronic
configuration of these elements as they play a crucial role in understanding their behavior.
Scandium, with an atomic number of 21, has an electronic configuration of 3d14s2. On the other hand, Zinc, with an

atomic number of 30, has an electronic configuration of 3d104s2. This difference in electronic configuration leads to
variations in their physical and chemical properties.

It is worth mentioning that the electronic configuration of d block elements follows a pattern. The general electronic

configuration is given by (n-1)d1-10ns1-2, where n is the principal quantum number. This configuration accounts for
the varying number of electrons in the d orbital and the s orbital.

Metallic Bonding and Melting Point

The d block elements are known for their strong metallic bonding, which contributes to their high melting and boiling
points. Metallic bonding occurs when positively charged metal ions are surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons.
In the case of d block elements, the presence of unpaired electrons in the d orbital enhances metallic bonding,
resulting in higher melting and boiling points.

The melting and boiling points of d block elements vary depending on the number of unpaired electrons. Elements
with more unpaired electrons, such as Chromium and Tungsten, exhibit higher melting and boiling points. On the
other hand, elements with fully filled d orbitals, like Zinc, have lower melting and boiling points.

It is interesting to note that the melting point of d block elements increases from left to right within a period. This can
be attributed to the increase in effective nuclear charge (Zeff) as we move across the period. However, there are

exceptions to this trend, such as Vanadium, which has a higher melting point compared to neighboring elements in its
period.

Enthalpy of Atomization

The enthalpy of atomization is the energy change that occurs when all the atoms in a chemical substance are
completely separated. It represents the energy required to break the bonds between the atoms and convert them into
individual atoms. In the case of d block elements, the enthalpy of atomization is influenced by the number of
unpaired electrons.

Transition elements with a larger number of unpaired electrons exhibit a higher enthalpy of atomization. This is
because the unpaired electrons contribute to the formation of strong metallic bonds, resulting in a higher energy
requirement for atomization. Elements like Chromium and Tungsten, with a greater number of unpaired electrons,
have higher enthalpies of atomization.

On the other hand, elements like Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury, which have fully filled d orbitals, exhibit lower
enthalpies of atomization. This is due to the reduced electron-electron repulsion and weaker metallic bonding.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the d block elements, or transition elements, play a significant role in the periodic table. Their unique
physical and atomic properties, such as strong metallic bonding, high melting and boiling points, and enthalpy of
atomization, contribute to their diverse range of applications. Understanding these properties is essential for
comprehending the behavior and reactivity of transition elements in various chemical reactions. So, the next time you
come across a d block element, remember the fascinating properties that make it stand out!
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