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Conceptual Estimation of Cost Significant Model on Shop-Houses

Construction

Conference Paper · September 2018

DOI: 10.1109/ICCED.2018.00044

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 2018 4th International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design (ICCED)
Conceptual Estimation of Cost Significant Model
on Shop-Houses Construction
1Paikun, 3DikdikFirmansyah, 4Siti Maratun Sholihah, 5Umar Faisal,
6
Jasmansyah
Nusa Putra University, Sukabumi, Indonesia
paikun@nusaputra.ac.id; dik2firmansyah@gmail.com;
umarfaisal35@gmail.com;marsha88@gmail.com;fachri65@gmail.
com; jasmansyah@nusaputra.ac.id
Abstract-The construction of shop-houses and houses in big
cities and small towns is currently being constructed
constinously. Because both types of buildings, shop-houses and
houses are basic people needs. Anyone who want to build shop-
houses and houses need to prepare the costs as a basis for
considering the feasibility of construction investment. So, the
estimated cost of constructionshop-houses and houses as the basis
of the construction is very important. However, it is difficult to
estimate these costs if the data needed are not available. The
trend of estimated construction costs at this time is calculated per
square meter. However, this method is not truly accurate to
estimate the construction costs of the buildings. The inaccuracy
in estimating the costs cause detrimentsfor people who wants to
build a shop-houses and houses.
The solution to solve problem is by applying a good Model.
To result agood model, then conducted a research by quantitative
method approach.The data used in this study are primary data
and secondary data. Primary data is obtained by building shop-
houses and houses who built by the author., while secondary data
obtained through survey and interview. While secondary data is
derived from contractors.Both types of data are Construction
Project Documents.The number of data is 62 (sixty-two)form big
cities and small towns. Then, the data are processed and analyzed
using regression analysis method.
From the results of the analysis found the model as a
formula for estimating the cost of construction of shop houses
and houses. The estimation cost of construction shop-houses and
houses in big cities uses doors frames, floors, Foundation and
sanitaries. While the estimation cost of the construction of shop-
houses and houses in small cities uses roof, door frames,
structures, walls, and the floor. The model has been tested
through analysis test and validation test accuratly and fast.
Keywords: conceptual estimation, construction cost, shop-houses
and houses building.
I. INTRODUCTION
The construction of shop-houses and houses in big cities
and small towns is currently being constructedcontinuously.
Because both types of buildings, shop-houses and houses are
basic people needs. Anyone who want to build shop-houses
and houses need to prepare the costs as a basis for considering
the feasibility of construction investment. So, the estimated
cost of constructing shop-houses and houses as the basis of the
construction is very important [10], [11]. However, it is
difficult to estimate these costs if the data needed are not
available [12]. The trend of estimated construction costs at this
time is calculated per square meter [2]. However, this method
is not truly accurate to estimate the construction costs of the
978-1-5386-9378-0/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE
DOI 10.1109/ICCED.2018.00044
2Trihono Kadri
UniversitasTrisakti
Jakarta, Indonesia
trihono_kadri@yahoo.com
buildings. The inaccuracy in estimating the costs cause
detriments for people who wants to build a shop-houses and
houses [13].
Predicting the cost or budgetin constructing shop-houses
and houses have very important role in developing a project.
Such cost estimates include planning and controlling
resources, such as materials, labor, or equipment. Although
the use is the same, but the emphasis is different for each
organization. For house-owners, the cost showing the
estimated cost amount will be one of the benchmarks to
determine investment appropriateness. For contractors, the
financial benefits to be gained depend on the speed and
accuracy of estimating the cost of a project. For the consultant,
the project cost is proposed to the owner as a proposal of the
best cost amount for various needs due to project development
[1], [11].
However, it is difficult to estimate the cost of
construction without having sufficient documentation.
Although the document is sufficient, otherwisethe process
making the estimated cost of construction by the usual method
or manually, it takes a long time and need accuracy. In
addition, the planner must comprehend completely a specific
engineering science in order to complete the project cost
calculation as expected.
The trend of conceptual estimate of the construction cost
of many shop-house constructions in Indonesia apply the
estimate of the square meter price of the building, based on
previous project experience [1], [2]. If the building area of the
house is 75 m2, based on previous similar project experience
Rp. 3,750,000 / m2, then in short time it can be estimated that
the cost of the construction of 75 x 3,750,000 = Rp.
281,250,000.
The way to calculate the cost of the project is fast and
practical. However,if the building area is the same and the
area of the building component is different, is the cost per
square meter the same? In fact, even though the building area
is the same, but it is different in building component, it would
results different cost per square meter, as in the table 1.
TABLEL 1.DIFFERENCES IN BUILDING COSTS
Building Construction Costof Location/year
area Cost (RP) Building/m2 (RP)
120 m2 312,233,907 2,601,949 Big cit y/2017
120 m2 455,704,021 3,797,534 Big cit y/2017
120 m2 511,052,723 4,227,517 Small cit y/2017
187
 From the data in table 1 shows that the building area is
the same, but the large of the building components is different
shows that the cost per square meter is very different.
Therefore, research needs to be conducted to bring about the
methods that are easy to use.
II. RELATED WORK
Review previous research about significant cost model in
construction projects:
Paikun et al. (2017) conducted a research on a house
construction project to find out the budget plan of simple
house construction, using the regression analysis method, the
research found a model as the estimated cost of house
construction method [1].
Bettini et al. (2016) conducting research with the
slightest variation of construction cost estimates may endanger
the overall success of real estate firms and even the financial
stability of the developing or developers, using the Equivalent
Area and Equivalent Cost Concepts methodology that this
method is more consistent and coherent than comparison
between traditional direct area and real area or equivalent [2].
Ananta and Syahrizal, (2016) conducted a study to
estimate the value of the estimated cost of the project from a
conceptual widening of Roads in accordance with the
probability of price, knowing the probability percentage of
success in the project implemented using Pareto analysis
method,and Secondary Data using Monte Carlo Simulation,
Crystal Ball. The results of the study model of the distribution
of the value of the estimated cost of the project is distributed
normally, and with 100,000 iteration then obtained data the
results Mean: Median: 25,912,180,758.26, 25,903,784,266.35,
24,734,885,650.83, Minimum: Maximum: 27,222,442,153.81,
Mean Std Error: 1,056,264.49 [3].
Fikri and Sekarsari (2015) in their research using a Cost
Model for Significant estimates the total cost of reinforced
concrete bridge construction project by using method of
statistical analysis regression. The conclusion is the concrete
significantly influential work against fee increase in the
avenues of the concrete in the Tangerang Regency, where the
total cost of the increased 85.6% of the concrete path is
influenced by the work of concrete, while the rest is
influenced by other reasons [4].
Falahis et al, (2015) conducted a study using a Cost
Model for Significant estimates the total cost of reinforced
concrete bridge construction project using the method of
statistical analysis, regression results obtained cost estimation
model reinforced concrete bridge construction: Y ' = 1, 333X7
With: Y ' = estimated total cost of the project, the X 7 = cost
of concrete work. This model has a Cost Factor Model of
1.064. The correlation coefficient has a model of 0.986, which
means the cost of the concrete work has a linear relationship
very closely with the total cost of the project. Whereas, based
on the value of the coefficient of determination of the
corrected, the cost of the work of the concrete can explain
96.4% of the total cost of the project [5].
Akhsa et al, (2015) conducted a study to find out what
job the influential significantly to the total cost of the project
of rehabilitation and improvement of irrigation networks,
using the method of Cost Significant models and methods of
188
statistical analysis regression. The research results showed that
the set upof stone and bronjong by each influence quantity
against the Y of 74.90% and 69.50% [6].
Abu Bakar, (2014) conducted a study to find out which
component of the work of the influential significantly to the
total cost of the construction of the steel-frame bridge, using
descriptive statistical analysis methods. And the result was
that the procurement and installation of building upon the
reinforcement work, Earthwork and Foundation work,
concrete work significantly influential towards the cost of
construction of the bridge, the steel frame of 85.39%, while
the rest were 14.61% influenced by other reasons [7].
Roring et al. (2014) conducted a study to construct a
mathematical model of cost estimation of building conceptual
stage with parametric method, and linear, non-linear
regression analysis (Logarithmic, Power, Exponential). The
result of the 6 independent variables is only the variable floor
area is significance [8].
Ervianto et al, (2012) conducted a study on the bridge
construction to keep preserving the surrounding environment
without leaving residual project and wastes, using Bill of
Quantity method and identified CO2 emissions, waste and
recyclable waste [9].
Hanun et al, (2018) Comparing the total cost of a
construction project using calculations based on the Minister
of Public Works Regulation No. 11/2013 for contractor
calculations. It is known that there is a difference between the
two calculations around 1.80-3.03% in the total cost, where
the estimated cost based on the Ministerial Regulation is
higher than the contractor's calculation [14].
The method of Cost significant models have been
believed by earlier researchers with the results of a statistical
analysis of the regression noted that a construction project will
be affected by the most significant construction work items to
total construction cost with the average trend of the effect is
greater than 80%.
But no previous research has been conducted to get the
conceptual estimation model of shop and house cost.
Construction of shop-houses has a high complexity, including
different designs, different in technical specifications in order
it is difficult to determine parameters.
In this study writers will conduct a research to get the
model estimation conceptual construction costs and shop-
house in large or small city. It needs to be explained
beforehand that a conceptual estimate is estimated the total
cost of which will be used for the construction of the building,
with the expectation of a fee equal to the cost of
implementation of planned.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A. Methodology
This research conducted using quantitative descriptive
method, the data is analyzed using SPSS regression statistics.
The data is a project document that had been implemented.
Four primary data document plan budget cost of simple shop-
house construction from big city or in this research is named
region A, and 8 secondary data. While from the small town, or
in this studyis called region B, primary data is 4 and
secondary data is 8. Secondary data plan budget cost of simple TABEL 2A. PROCESS DATA VARIABLES OF SHOP-HOUSES
house construction of region A 19 data, and region B 10 data. IN BIG CITIES AREA “A”
While the primary data from region B is 9 data. The number of Nu Building y1A x1 x2 x3 x4
primary data and secondary shop-houses and houses is 62 area (m2)
data. 1 232 738,181,819 53.76 505.14 52 207.70
Data is processed and grouped based on research area. It 2 159 390,909,091 34.47 342.84 17 146.93
consists of 12 data of shop-houses in area A, 12 datashop- 3 159 577,272,727 38.06 527.44 46 131.44
4 159 636,363,636 46.77 528.17 61 131.44
houses in area B, and 19 data of houses in area A, and 19 data
5 150 592,823,058 34.76 326.60 52 146.50
of houses in area B. Before data analysis is completed, data is 6 120 312,233,907 26.02 266.02 13 91.00
processed into measurable variables. Identification of the 7 120 455,704,021 28.73 398.07 36 92.61
dependent variable (y) is the total cost construction, whereas 8 120 511,052,723 35.29 405.90 49 98.59
the independent variable (x) is the building component. 8 9 125 458,129,398 25.49 239.51 42 107.43
independent variables (x) based on the data influence the total 10 100 312,264,076 26.02 266.02 13 102.23
construction cost. The independent variables are expressed as 11 115 455,704,021 28.73 398.07 36 92.61
(x1) structures, (x2) walls, (x3) frames and doors, (x4) floors, 12 130 511,052,723 35.29 405.90 49 98.59
(x5) sanitary, (x6) Mechanical Electrical, (x7) foundations, (x8)
roofs. TABEL 2B. PROCESS DATA VARIABLES OF SHOP-HUSES IN
Data of shop-houses construction in big cities can be BIG CITIES AREA “B”
noted that the average cost of Rp. 3,464,314/m2 affected x1 Nu x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x10
23.22%, x2 16.58%, x3 15.90%, x4 4.29%, x5 10.90%, x6 1 57 119 7..72 73.47 1,016.00 210.71
4.27%, x7 3.32%, x8 3.72%. The amount of the cost proportion 2 32 49 5.40 45.36 583,79 146.90
is 82.20%. 3 62 102 5.40 45.36 834.69 128.45
Shop-houses constructiondata in small towns, it is known 4 63 111 5.40 28.43 874.69 128.45
that the cost/m2 of building area is Rp. 3,010,444, influenced 5 44 63 7.72 73.47 1,016.00 148.00
x1 26.29%, x2 17.56%, x3 17.61%, x4 6.83%, x5 2.76%, x6 6 24 37 5.40 45.36 440.60 110.87
3.95%, x7 4.50%, x8 5.57%, with the proportion of 85.08%. 7 50 77 5.40 45.36 629.95 96.94
Data construction of houses in big cities, the cost per 8 51 77 5.40 28.43 660.14 96.94
meter building area Rp. 3,378,769, influenced x1 22.94%, x2 9 35 49 7.72 73.47 744.91 126.28
20.58%, x3 11.39%, x4 7.66%, x5 3.87%, x6 3.80%, x7 5.51%, 10 26 37 5.40 45.36 440.60 110.87
x8 6.83%, with the proportion of 82.59%. 11 50 77 5.40 45.36 629.95 96.94
Data construction
2
of houses in small towns, it is known that 12 51 77 5.40 28.43 660.14 96.94
the cost / m of building area is Rp. 3.209.509, influenced x1
14.73%, x2 22.21%, x3 10.72%, x4 8.70%, x5 6.04%, x6 3.21%,
x7 5.13%, x8 9.65% with a total proportion of 80.38%.
Based on previous research studies that Cost-significant C. Data Analysis
modeling relies on well-documented findings that 80% of the The result of data analysis as on table 2 is then
bill's value contains 20% of the most expensive items. And all completed by multiple linear regression analysis, with the test
data are documented> 80%, so, the cost model's assumption is result of test of normality data of shop-house in big and small
eligible.
city as on the figure 1.
B. Data Processing
Data analysis required, stated as:
x Y1A (the Total cost of construction of the shop-houses in
big cities), x1 (volume structures), x2 (wide walls), x3
(unit of frames, doors), x4 (floor area), x5 (unit of
sanitary), x6 (unit of ME), x7 (foundation volume), x8
(wide roofs).
x Y1B (the Total cost of construction Shop B, ), x1 (volume
structure), x2 (wide walls), x3 (unit of frames, doors), x4
(floor area), x5 (unit of sanitary), x6 (unit of ME), x7
(foundation volume), x8 (wide roofs).
x Y2A (the total cost of house construction in big cities), x1
Figure 1. Test the normality of data Shop-house Construction
(volume structure), x2 (wide walls), x3 (unit of frames,
doors), x4 (floor area), x5 (unit of sanitary), x6 (unit of
The normality test of shop-houses data in big cities and
ME), x7 (foundation volume), x8 (wide roofs).. small towns shows the spread of data around the diagonal line
x Y2B (the total cost of construction of house in small and follows the direction of the diagonal line, so that the
town), x1 (volume structure), x2 (wide walls), x3 (unit of regression model deals the assumption of normality [1].
frames, doors), x4 (floor area), x5 (unit of sanitary), x6 Then, the test of normality data for houses in big cities and
(unit of ME), x7 (foundation volume), x8 (wide roofs). small towns are shown in Figure 2.
It needs to be analyzed before a record is processed. The
data processing as examples in table 2a and table 2b.

189
 TABLE 6. ANALYSIS COEFFICIENT THE CONTRUCTION OF SHOP
IN SMALL TOWN
Standardized Collinearity
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Statistics
Tolera
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. nce VIF
3 (Con
8,151,859.293 2,636,933.441 3,091 0,018
stant)
X8 -2,097,346.411 38,045.818 -0,384 -55,127 0,000 0.184 5.441
X3 5,292,799.257 234,670.687 0,233 22,554 0,000 0.083 12.023
X1 -2,191,426.778 81,009.299 -0,148 -27,052 0,000 0.297 3.365
X4 3,707,917.191 35,273.34 1.178 105,120 0,000 0.071 14.09

The model summary analysis of small shop house data

Figure 2. House construction data normality test shows that R Square 1.00 means 100% of the cost of shop-
houses construction in small town can be explained
significantly by x8 components (roof building), x3 (door
The normality test of house-building data in big cities
frame), x1 (concrete structure) and x4 (floor area) with a
and small towns shows the spread of data around the diagonal
significance of 0.000 under the terms of analysis of 0.050 with
line and follows the direction of the diagonal line. So, the
regression model claims the assumption of normality [1]. the value Durbin-Watson 1.309. Model summary analysis and
coefficient analysis in shop-house data in big city area are
The next analysis is the summary modeling method, test of
shown in table 7 and table 8.
this analysis to know the multiple R, significance and Durbin-
Watson (D-W) on the basis of decision making [9]. Summary
TABLE 7. ANALYSIS SUMMARY THE CONSTRUCTION OF
model and coefficient analysis results such as table 3 and table
4. HOUSES IN BIG CITIES
R Adjusted Std. Error of the Durbin-
TABLE 3. ANALYSIS SUMMARY THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHOP Model R Square R Square Estimate Watson
IN BIG CITIES 1 0.943a 0.889 0.880 71,688,386
R Adjusted R Std. Error of the Durbin-
Model R Square Square Estimate Watson 2 0.992b 0.984 0.981 28,392,310 2.311
1 0.954a 0.910 0.901 33,682,879.08 3 0.996c 0.991 0.989 21,629,009
2 0.986b 0.972 0.965 19,846,184.03 1.278
3 0.996c 0.993 0.990 10,901,121.37 TABLE 8. ANALYSIS COEFFICIENT THE CONTRUCTION OF
HOUSES IN BIG CITIES
TABLE 4. ANALYSIS COEFFICIENT THE CONTRUCTION OF
Standardized Collinearity
SHOP-HOUSE IN BIG CITIES Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Statistics
Standardized Collinearity Tolera
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Statistics Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. nce VIF
Tolera 3 (Const
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. nce VIF ant) -
17,743,325 -3.545 0.005
3 (Const 62,899,599.221
ant) 73,293,955.122 20,857,040.448 3.514 0.010
x6 4,281,248.908 445,604 0.477 9.608 0.000 0.316 3.163
X3 4,280,612.948 395,312.525 0.664 10.828 0.000 0.277 3.609 X4 1,458,210.073 133,104 0.512 10.955 0.000 0.357 2.804
X4 1,290,543.855 162,044.221 0.266 7.964 0.000 0.937 1.067
X7 684,462.612 220,016 0.103 3.111 0.010 0.709 1.411
X5 2,122,214.706 480,394.720 0.267 4.418 0.003 0.286 3.501

The analysis of model summary in shop-house data in The model summary analysis on house data in big city
big city shows that the value of R Square 0.993 means that shows that the value of R Square 0.996 means that 99.6% of
99.3% of the cost of house shop construction in big city can be the cost of shop-house construction in small town can be
explained significantly by x3 building components (frames, explained significantly by x6 (ME), x4 (floor area) and x7
doors), x4 (floor area) and x5 (number of sanitary) with a (foundation) 0.000, under the terms of analysis of 0.050 with
significance of 0.000, 0.000 and 0.003 under the terms of the value of Durbin-Watson 2.311 while 0.4% explained other
analysis of 0.050 with the value of Durbin-Watson 1.278. variables other than the model.
While 0.7% described other variables outside the model. Model summary analysis and coefficient analysis on home
The model summary analysis and coefficient analysis on shop- data in big city area are shown in table 9 and table 10.
house data in the small town area are shown in table 5 and
table 6 TABLE 9. ANALYSIS SUMMARY THE CONSTRUCTION OF
ABLE 5. ANALYSIS SUMMARY THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSES HOUSES IN SMALL TOWN
R Adjusted Std. Error of the Durbin-
IN SMALL TOWN
Model R Square R Square Estimate Watson
R Adjusted Std. Error of the Durbin-
Model R Square R Square Estimate Watson 1 0.960a 0.922 0.916 82,862,630.73
1 1.000d 1.000 0.999 7,433,208.020 2 0.976b 0.953 0.946 66,576,800.28 1.264
2 1.000e 1.000 1.000 3,320,116.934 1.309 3 0.984c 0.969 0.962 56,102,949.12
3 1.000f 1.000 1.000 3,165,007.522

190
 TABLE 10. ANALYSIS COEFFICIENT THE CONTRUCTION OF (X4) and foundations (X7), with the partial correlation X60,945
HOUSES IN SMALL TOWN significance 0,000, partial correlation X4 0,940 significance
Standardized Collinearity 0,000 andpartial correlation of X7 0,684 significance 0.010.
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Statistics
Tolera While 0.9% Y2A explained by other variable outside of the
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. nce VIF model. Test validation of the models showed the accuracy by
3 (Cons an average of 0.51%
tant) -32,744,000.54 28,388,197.683 -1.153 0.269
Cost of house construction in small (Y2B)described
X2 1,788,321.68 345,374.629 1.195 5.178 0.000 0.045 22.251 96.9% by building components walls (X2), sanitary (X5) and
X5 -19,987,301.31 5,444,604.132 -0.653 -3.671 0.003 0.076 13.214 structures(X1), with the partial correlation X2 0,821
X1 9,580,089.89 3,696,904.174 0.413 2.591 0.022 0.094 10.587 andsignificance 0,000, X5 -0,713 significance 0,003 and X1
0,584 significance 0,022, While 3.1% Y2B explained by other
The analysis of summary data on model of house in the variable outside of the model. Test validation of the models
small town of indicates that the value R 0969 Square means of showed the accuracy by an average of 1.29%.
96.9% construction cost shop in a small town can be explained
significantly by component x2 (wall), (sanitary) x5, and x1 E. Test Validation
(concrete structure) with the significance and 0.003, 0.022 After the model had been obtained is then validated to
0000 under the terms of the analysis of value 0050 Durbin- determine the accuracy of the estimation using the model.
Watson 1,264 while 3.1% of described variables other than the Validation test is completed by comparing factual cost with
model. estimation result using model. Before conducting validation
tests, it is necessary to explain how to use the model as a
D. Significant Cost Model conceptual estimate of construction costs.
Based on the results of the regression analysis is then The model usage is exemplified in the model of cost
found a significant cost model as the construction cost estimate of shop-house construction in big city with model
estimation formula of shop-house in the big city, shop-house Y1A = 73,293,955.122 +4,280,612,948X3 +1,290,543,855X4
in the small town, big town house and house in the small town +2,122,214,706X5. Then the input data to use the model is the
with the model as shown in Table 11. number of frames and doors (X3), floor area (X4), the number
TABLE 11. SIGNIFICANT COST MODEL of sanitary (X5). For example, if the plan to build a shop-house
Nu Model R Independent variable in a big city area with building area 159 m2, the sum of doors
Square (X) and frames are 46 units, the floor area 131.44 and the sum of
1 Y1A=73,293,955.122+4,280,612.948X3+1, x3 (sills, door), x4 sanitary 62 units, then the estimation using model is Y1A =
290,543.855X4+2,122,214.706X5 0,993 (floor area) and the 73,293,955.122 + 4,280,612,948 x 46 + 1,290,543.855 x
x5 (sanitary)
2 Y1B = 8,151,859.293 - 2,097,346.411X8 + x8 (building roofs),
131.44 + 2,122,214,706 x 62 then Y1A = Rp. 571,408,546.80.
5,292,799.257X3 -2 ,191,426.778X1 + 1,000 x3 (door frames), x1 Model validation test for estimating cost of shop-house
3,707,917.191X4 (concrete structure) construction in big city as in table 12.
and x4 (floor area)
3 Y2A = -62,899,599.221 + 4,281,248.908X6 x6 (ME), TABLE 12. TES VALIDATION OF THE MODEL SHOP IN THE BIG
+ 1,458,210.073X4 + 684,462.612X7 0,991 x4 (floor area), and
CITY
x7 (Foundation
Build. FactualCost Difference Error
volume) No Model (Y1A)
area (Y) (Y-Y1A) (%)
4 Y2B = -32,838,901.524 + 1,788,948.882X2 x2 (wall), x5
-20,032,095.063 X5 + 9,610,137.890X1 0,969 (sanitary), and x1 1 232 738,181,819 716,552,644 21,629,175 2.93%
(concrete structure) 2 159 390,909,091 394,013,086 -3,103,995 -0.79%
3 150 592,823,058 597,454,366 -4,631,308 -0.78%
The cost of construction of the shop-houses in the big 4 120 312,233,907 310,956,716 1,277,191 0.41%
city (Y1A) described 99.3% by building components and door The total difference in average 0.44%
sills (X3), floor (X4) and sanitary (X5) and partial correlation
X3 0.9534 significance 0.000 and partial correlation X4 0.949 Test validation of models for the estimation cost of
significance 0.000 and X5 0.858 partial correlation X5 0.858 construction the shop-house in small towns as in table 13.
0.003 significance. While the 0.7% Y1A explained other than
variable model. Test validation of the models showed the TABLE 13. TES VALIDATION OF THE MODEL SHOP IN THE
accuracy by average 0.04%. SMALL TOWN
The cost of construction of the houses in the small town Nu
Build. Factual Cost
Model (Y1B)
Difference Error
area (Y) (Y-Y1B) (%)
(Y1B) is described as much as 100% by building components
1 273 811,643,256 833,016,294 -134,114,466 -2.63%
of the roof (X8) sills and doors (X3), structures (X1) and floor
(X4), with the partial correlation of X8 -0,999 and significance 2 250 756,249,922 764,983,623 -109,828,578 -1.15%
0.000, X3 0,993 significance 0.000, X1 -0,995 significance 3 260 847,625,336 794,563,045 -53,096,304 6.26%
0,000 and X4 1,000 significance 0,000. Test validation of the 4 255 835,502,995 779,773,334 -47,897,075 6.67%
models showed the accuracy by an average of 0.02%.
The total difference in average 2.29%
The cost of house construction in big cities (Y2A)
described 99.1% of building components by ME (X6), floor

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 Test validation of models for the estimation of the cost of components of building, namely roof, door frames,
house construction in big cities as in table 14. structures, and the floor.
3. Conceptual Model of estimation of the cost of shop-
TABLE 14.TES VALIDATION OF THE MODEL HOUSE IN THE BIG house construction in big cities: Y2A = -62,899,599.221
CITY +4,281,248.908X6 +1.458.210.073X4 +684.462.612X7.
Nu
Build. Factual Cost
Model (Y2A)
Difference Error Influenced significantly by building components, ME,
area (Y) (Y-Y2A) (%) the floor, and the Foundation.
1 286.5 673,111,003 674,221,700 -1,110,697 -0.17% 4. Conceptual estimate of House construction Model in
2 88.21 323,099,682 322,451,225 648,457 0.20% small towns: Y2B = -32,838,901.524 +1,788,948.882X2 -
3 234.3 855,266,621 848,005,305 7,261,316 0.85% 20,032,095.063X5 +9,610,137.890X1. Significantly
4 210.7 730,582,599 719,681,048 10,901,551 1.49%
influenced by the components of buildings, walls,
sanitary, and structure.
The total difference in average 0.59%

Test validation of models for the estimation of the cost of REFERENCES

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Comparison of School Building Construction Costs Estimation Methods
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2,097,346.411X8 +5,292,799.257X3 -2,191,426.778X1 [14] Yunan Hanun1* , Sofia W. Alisjahbana2 , Dadang M. Ma’soem3 , M.
+3,707,917.191X4. Significantly influenced by the Ikhsan Setiawan4 , Ansari Saleh Ahmar5,6 (2018) Designing Cost
Production of Concrete.

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