Electrostatics to ac and EMW - (Q & Ans.) C.H.S.

E- 2nd year Full Marks-35

[GROUP-A]
01. Answer all questions [1 x 4 = 04] GROUP – B
03. Answer any five questions [2 x 5 = 10]
(i) V-I graph for conductor at temperature T1 and T2 are
(i) Calculate the coulomb force between a proton and an
given in fig. (T2 – T1) is proportional to :
electron separated by 0.8 x 10-15 m.
Ans. According to Coulomb’s law,
1 q.q2 (1.6 x 10 −19 )2 = 360 N
F= = 9 x 10 9
4 0 r 2
(0.8 x 10 −15 )2
(ii) Three 2 resistances are connected to from a
triangle. What will be the resistance between any of
(a) cos 2 (b) sin 2 (c) cot 2 (d) tan 2 its two corners ?
Ans. (c) T1 = tan , T2 = cot  Ans. For each corner ends, two resistances in series will be
cos  sin  in parallel with the third.
T2 – T1 = cot  – tan  = − 2 x ( 2 + 2) 8 4
sin  cos  R eq = = = .
2+2+2 6 3
cos2  − sin2  2 cos 2
T2 − T1 = =
sin  . cos  sin 2  (iii) How much current will an electric heater rated 1KW,
draw when connected to a 220 V supply?
T2 – T1 = 2 cot 2, T2 – T1  cot 2
Ans. P = VI  I = P  I = 1000 = 4.55 A
V 220
(ii) In a moving coil galvanometer, the deflection  of the
(iv) Why do we not use a galvanometer as such in form of
coil is related to the electric current by the relation :
an ammeter?
(a) i  tan  (b) i   (c) i  2 (d) i   Ans. In fact galvanometer coil has considerably large
resistance and it can measure small current
Ans. (b)
corresponding to maximum possible deflection of its
(iii) The maximum mutual inductance of two coils is 6H.
coil.
One of the coils has self inductance L 1 = 4H. Then
what is the self inductance L2 of the other coil ?
(v) A coil having inductance 3.5 henry is connected to an
(a) 3H (b) 6 H (c) 9 H (d) 12 H
AC source of frequency of 50 Hz. Calculate the
Ans. (c)
Inductive Reactance of a coil.
Ans. Inductive Reactance xL =L = 2fL.
(iv) A bar magnet is released from rest along the axis of a
22
very long, vertical copper tube after some time the XL = 2 x x 50 x 3.5 = 1100 ohm.
magnet 7
(a) will stop in the tube (b) will oscillate. (vi) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15  and the
(c) will move with almost constant speed meter shows full scale deflection for a current of 4 mA.
(d) will move with an accelerating g How will you convert the meter into an ammeter of
range 0 to 6 A ?
Ans. (c) As the magnet proceeds inside the tube. By Lenz’s Ans. Here, G = 15 
law the pole facing the tube induces an opposite pole Ig = 4 mA = 4 x 10-3 A; I = 6A
in the tube. Hence due to repulsion the speed of the To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter, a
descending bar magnet becomes constant. small resistance S has to be connected in parallel to
the coil of the galvanometer. Then,
02. Answer all questions [1 x 5 = 05] Ig G 4 x 10 −3 x 15
(i) What is the type of electricity developed on a glass S= = = 0.01 .
I − Ig 6 − 4 x 10 −3
rod rubbed with silk at one end and paper at the other
end?
Ans. The end of the glass rod rubbed with silk is positively 04. Answer any three questions [3 x 3 = 09]
charged and the other end of the glass rod rubbed (i) Prove that the energy stored in a capacitor of
with paper is negatively charged. capacitance C charged to a potential difference V is
(ii) Electric current density is a microscopic property. 1
CV2.
[Correct the sentences if required changing the 2
underlined portion.] Ans. Let us assume that initially both the plates of capacitor
Ans. Correct be uncharged. Now, we have to repeatedly move
(iii) The power factor of a purely capacitive circuit is small positive charges from one plate to the other.
_______. Now, when an additional small charge (dq) is
Ans. Zero transferred from one plate to another plate, the small
q'
(iv) The coulomb force between two charged bodies is work done is given by dW = V’ dq = dq
C
______ than the gravitational force.
[Let charge on plate be q when dq charge is
Ans. Stronger
transferred]
(v) What type of transformer is used at the source of
The total work done in transferring charge (Q) is given
transmission point?
by
Ans. Step-up transformer is used at the source of
transmission point.

1
Electrostatics to ac and EMW - (Q & Ans.) C.H.S.E- 2nd year Full Marks-35
Q V 150
Q q' 1 Q 1  (q' )2  Q2 Z= = = 50
W =  0 C
dq =
C
0  q' dq =

C  2 
 =
0
2C
I 3
(ii) Now for an LR circuit we have
This work is stored as electrostatic potential energy U VL 120 4
tan  = = = = 1.333
in the capacitor. VR 90 3
Q2 (CV )2 [ Q = CV] or Phase angle,  = tan-11.333 = 53.10
U = =
2C 2C
GROUP – C
1 Answer any one questions [7 x 1 = 07]
U = CV2.
2 05. (a) State and explain Biot Savart’s law.
(ii) Distinguish between resistance, reactance and (b) Apply the law to find the magnetic field induction
impedance for an a.c. circuit. at the centre of a flat circular coil. Draw the magnetic
Ans. Resistance. The resistance of an a.c. circuit is the lines.
ohmic resistance offered by a conductor connected in
the circuit. It is due to the nature of the material 06. Describe the construction, theory and working of a
(resistivity) of the conductor. transformer. Mention the different losses in a
Reactance. The reactance of an a.c. circuit is the transformer.
resistance offered by an inductor or a capacitor
connected in the circuit. It arises because of the fact
that the alternating e.m.f. and the current differ in
phase by /2, when a.c. flows through an inductor or
a capacitor.
Impedance. The impedance of an a.c. circuit is the
effective resistance offered by the LR-circuit or CR-
circuit or LCR-circuit.

(iii) Write the SI units and dimensional formula of :

(i) Magnetic flux (ii) Self inductance
(iii) Mutual inductance
 Joule 
Ans. (i) SI unit → Weber  = 
 Ampere 
Dimensional formula of magnetic flux
= [M1L2T-2 A-1]
 Volt Sec 
(ii) SI unit → Henry  = 
 Ampere 
Volt Sec Joule Sec
Henry = =
Amp Coul Amp
Joule
=
Amp 2
So dimensional formula of self inductance
= [M1L2T-2A-2]
(iii) SI unit → Henry
Dimensional formula = [M1L2T-2A-2]

(iv) In the circuit shown in figure below, the potential

difference across the inductor L and resistor R are 120
V and 90 V respectively and the rms value of current
is 3 A.

Calculate (i) the impedance of the circuit and (ii) the

phase angle between the voltage and current.
Ans. The voltages across L and C are 900 out of phase.
Therefore their resultant voltage is
V = VR2 + VL2 = (90)2 + (120 )2 = 150 V
Given I = 3 A
Therefore impedance of the circuit is