Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
Ryan Hidayat Rafiola 1), Dian Anggraini 2), Vivi Nila Sari 3)
¹) Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 6 Gorontalo
², ³) Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang,
Corresponding Author: Dian Anggraini, Email: dian_anggraini@upiyptk.ac.id
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ISSN: p-2540-8763 / e-2615-4374
DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
increases with age. Language development in development will be very easy to stimulate, so
children is very important because it can that early childhood is a very appropriate
develop social skills (social skills) through period to develop language skills. This is
language (Friantary, 2020). Therefore, both confirmed by the opinion of (Priyoambodo &
parents and teachers and people around Suminar, 2021) which states that language
children must explore language development development in early childhood is a very vital
in children. development that affects the improvement of
Furthermore, according to (Alfin & reading skills at a later stage.
Pangastuti, 2020) "Language development in Based on some of the opinions above, it
children slowly shifts from making sound can be concluded that language is very
expressions to expressing by communicating, important for humans and early childhood is a
and from only communicating by using very appropriate time to stimulate all language
gestures and gestures to show their desires, skills. Language’s child development starts
developing into communication through from infancy, which is based on experience,
precise and clear speech". The stages of a skills and progress in language. Language
child's development that are expressed through development is an effective medium for
thoughts and using words that signify the children in establishing social communication.
increasing abilities and skills of children With the development of language in children,
according to their developmental stages. it will make it easier for children to express
According to (Devianty, 2017) what they want and convey to others.
language is one of the fundamental factors that Therefore, language development for early
distinguish humans from other creatures childhood aims to make children able to
because through language an individual has communicate well.
the main capital to interact with other Language learning in children consists
individuals. The interaction aims to build of several learning methods according to the
social relationships that understand each other. needs of children. Language learning methods
In addition, according to (Suhendi, 2017) in children adapt to the needs, and the child's
language acts as a person's main capital to ability to accept it. The learning method is
learn something through various sources of chosen according to the type, needs of the
knowledge that can never be separated from child and the most effective method possible
one's ability to master language. to apply.
(Sari & Nofriadi, 2019) stated that early Storytelling is conveying something
childhood is a sensitive period for each that contains an event that is conveyed through
individual where at this time every audio and visual, with the aim of providing
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
knowledge and messages in the story (Fauziah messages, ideas and values. (Hasim, 2019)
& Rahman, 2021). Storytelling is conveying said that storytelling techniques are widely
something that contains real or fictitious used by early childhood teachers to develop
actions, experiences or events. The children's concentration power. The teacher
storytelling method is one of the learning tells stories by relying on the quality of the
process for early childhood by presenting voice, facial expressions, and body
stories to children. (Lestari, 2021) stated that movements. The storytelling method can
storytelling activities or what is often called develop some of the abilities possessed by
storytelling are used to improve language early childhood, including the ability to listen,
development in children. This storytelling train comprehension or language
activity can enrich children's language and development, concentration power, listening
storytelling skills. This is of course supported and others.
by the factors of parents and teachers to train Storytelling in the sense of storytelling
children to be able to develop themselves to can be interpreted as a branch of literature that
tell stories or storytelling, this can also have an is both the oldest and the newest. Human
effect on improving language development in behavior seems to have an innate impulse to
children. share their feelings and experiences through
In developing children's speaking skills, storytelling. They express wishes, and hopes in
it can be done using the storytelling method, stories in an attempt to explain and understand
the conversational method, the question and each other. (Hidayat, Muktadir, &
answer method, and the role playing method. Dharmayana, 2019) found that students'
One of the most effective methods to develop speaking skills and reading skills were very
children's speaking skills is the storytelling weak, so that students had a lot of difficulty
method. According (Iswinarti, Asrini, following the teaching and learning process
Hasanati, & Kartono, 2020) storytelling is a well. The application of conventional methods
storytelling activity to convey a certain that bore students also became a problem from
purpose. Storytelling activities are very useful the weakness of children's speaking skills and
in children's development, especially speech reading skills that could not be overcome. By
development, expressing in words children can applying the storytelling method in learning
apply the message conveyed by the teacher in Indonesian to overcome the problem of low
the storytelling method. (Fatimah & speaking and reading skills in elementary
Mahmuddin, 2021) states that storytelling is an school children.
activity to convey and present a fun story in the Storytelling instills thinking skills and
form of a real or imaginary story that describes provides opportunities for children to learn to
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
then the storytellers do not need to spend more reflects that there is a group that is given
time and can use the rest of their time for other treatment in the form of using the storytelling
activities. That's why storytelling can increase influence method on early childhood language
creativity and productivity. skills. This research was conducted at Tartilla
Based on the opinion above, it can be Aur Duri Kindergarten. The time of the
concluded that storytelling is a part of research was carried out from 10 to 14 January
children's language development and 2022.
children's oral language skills. Storytelling The school sample selection technique
skill is an art in which it describes a story or is using purposive sampling. Based on the use
event that is conveyed using images or sound of purposive sampling, a sample of group A
by conveying through stories or singing. The students with an age range of four to six years
storytelling method can be used as a method of consisted of 30 students (18 girls and 12 boys).
learning activities that can be applied in Data collection techniques using
learning to improve various early childhood observation and documentation. The form of
developments. The implementation of the instrument used in this research is a
learning effectiveness using the storytelling checklist. The assessment is based on an
method shows that there is a significant assessment instrument that has been made
influence on language development in early from several indicators for each variable. The
childhood. This significant influence is found indicators used in the traditional game
in children's storytelling and language skills. variables have 3 indicators, including: a. Obey
Children are able to speak fluently, do not the rules in storytelling, b. Playing characters
make noises that interrupt words or sentences in storytelling, and c. Retell the story in
and have used sounds with an audible volume. storytelling. Each indicator is given a score of
The choice of words and the preparation of one if it shows its involvement. The language
children's sentences is also very good. Based ability variable has four indicators, namely: 1)
on the conclusions above, it has been proven Recognizing words, according to letters with
that the storytelling method can improve the sub indicator recognizing letters according
language development and skills in early to the word CAT. The rating scale gives a
childhood. score of one if the child can do it. 2) Match the
picture with the word. Each sub-indicator is
RESEARCH METHODS given a score of one if it can do so. 3)
This research is a type of causal Distinguish letters from pictures. Each
associative research. The design used is a indicator is given a score of one if it can do so.
simple paradigm design. This paradigm 4) Write the letters according to the word.
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
Each criterion is given a score of one if it can story in storytelling. The storytelling method
do so. activities carried out were recognizing words,
Based on the calculation of the validity according to letters, matching pictures with
and reliability tests for the indicators of the words, distinguishing letters from pictures and
storytelling method, a value with a range of writing letters according the words.
0.677 – 0.822 is obtained with a Cronbach Table 1. Distribution of categories based on
the storytelling method
value of 0.815. Meanwhile, the calculation of
Number Category n %
the validity and reliability test of the reading 1 BB (0-25%) 0 0.0%
2 MB (26-50%) 0 0.0%
ability indicator obtained a value of 0.756 – 3 BSB (51-75%) 5 12.0%
4 BSH (76-100%) 25 88.0%
0.836 with a value. Cronbach of 0.844. The
Total 30 100.0%
validity and reliability values obtained above Average ± Std 80.04 ±
indicate that the instruments used in the study Min – Max 9.044
58–94
are valid and reliable. Explanation :
The data analysis technique in this study BB (undeveloped)
used simple linear regression statistical MB (start developing)
analysis to find the effect between one BSH (develop accordingly)
independent (storytelling method) and one BSB (growing very well)
dependent variable (early reading ability). The results of the analysis show that the
Here is a simple linear regression formula: value of using the storytelling method is 88.0%
Ŷ= a + bX of children in the very well developed
Explanation: category. Meanwhile, 12.0% percent of
Ŷ = Predicted dependent variable children in the category developed as
a = Constant (if the value of x is 0, expected, and there were no children who were
then Y will be equal to a or constant) included in the category of starting to develop
b = regression coefficient (increase or and not yet developing. Therefore, it can be
decrease value) concluded that the distribution of the variable
X = Independent variable category of the storytelling method belongs to
the very well developed category, with a score
DISCUSSION of 88.0%.
Storytelling Method Children's language skills consist of
The storytelling method on language four indicators, namely recognizing words,
skills consists of three indicators, namely according to letters, matching pictures with
obeying the rules in storytelling, determining words, distinguishing letters from pictures and
the characters in the story and retelling the writing letters with words. The storytelling
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
Vol: 7 Number 3, July 2022
Page: 461-471
method activities carried out are obeying the *Significant to P < 0.05
rules of storytelling, determining the Based on the results of the analysis, it is
characters in storytelling. known that there is a significant positive
Table 2. Variable categories of children's effect (r = 0.438, p = 0.000) between the use
language ability
of the storytelling method on early reading
Number Category n %
1 BB (0-25%) 0 0.0% skills. Based on these data, it can be
2 MB (26-50%) 0 0.0%
3 BSB (51-75%) 7 19.0% concluded that there is an effect of using the
4 BSH (76-100%) 23 81.0% storytelling method on the early reading
Total 30 100.0%
Average ± Std 83.31 ± 10.525 ability of children aged four to five years.
Min – Max 61–99
Based on the results of the study, it can
Expanation : be seen that the storytelling method can
BB (undeveloped)
MB ( Start developing) improve the oral language skills of children
BSH ( Growing as expected) aged 4-5 years. This is in line with previous
BSB ( Very well Developed)
research conducted by (Wahyundari &
The results of the analysis show that the Handayani, 2021) which states that oral
value of prosocial behavior is 81.0% of communication skills can be developed
children in the very well developed category. through fun situations through play.
Meanwhile, 19.0% of children in the category Meanwhile, the results of learning, research
developed as expected, and there were no carried out to improve oral communication
children who were included in the category of skills should be carried out in the context of
starting to develop and not yet developing. playing so that they can create a natural and
Therefore, it can be concluded that the as-is-it-yourself atmosphere. This is in line
distribution of the variable category of the with research (Sulaiman, 2017) that through
storytelling method belongs to the very well playing activities, children are free to express
developed category, with a score of 81.0%. their ideas, opinions and ideas through
The effect of storytelling method on language interactions that occur in games.
skills. The ability to carry out activities
Table 3. The regression coefficient of the according to verbal orders occurs because the
storytelling method on language skills
Variable of reading ability storytelling method is able to become a factor
Variable that gives children the opportunity to practice
Beta t Sig.
Method .678 4.522 .000 carrying out activities according to the
storytelling
Df 30 teacher's direction (Darmawan & Priskila,
F 20.453 2020). The ability to ask questions increases
R2 .460
Adj R2 .438 because through the storytelling method,
Explanation:
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DOI: 10.26618/jed.v%vi%i.8140
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Page: 461-471
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Page: 461-471
The child's ability to share experiences suggested that teachers can help children
is influenced by the opportunity to practice. In develop language skills by using the
addition, the good communication model that storytelling method. To consider other types of
the teacher exemplifies also influences the way games that are more diverse, so that the
children tell stories well. At the end of the research results can be even better.
game children are given the opportunity to tell
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