ADJECTIVE

PHRASE,
ADJECTIVE
CLAUSE, ADVERB
Lilis Nurasiah
ADJECTIVE
PHRASE
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ADJECTIVE PHRASE
• As a phrase is a group of words, an adjective phrase consists of several words including either when it acts
as a complement or an additional element of a noun phrase in a sentence
• An adjective phrase may contain several adjectives, or combination of adjective and other word class
(usually adverb)
• When an adjective phrase functions as an addition of a noun phrase, usually there is a determiner before
the adjective and additional element
• In a complement, the head of adjective phrase (which is an adjective head) is usually on the right
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ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS IN ADJECTIVE

PHRASE
ADJECTIVE
CLAUSE
 ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

• As you know, a clause must consist of at least a subject and a predicate

• What we have to remember is that adjectives function to give information about nouns or pronouns
either as complement of a sentence or addition of a noun phrase
• In an adjective clause, the subject is usually in a form of question words or relative pronouns.
 RELATIVE PRONOUNS 10

• In using relative pronouns, adjective clauses and noun clauses are indeed similar.
• They both use relative pronouns to substitute the subject
• However, we have to go back to the concept where adjectives function either as complements or additional
elements of nouns; nouns function as subjects or objects in sentences
• In other words, a noun clause is the subject or the object of a sentence, while adjective clause is only part of a
sentence or a noun phrase
 LIST OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS WITH
EXPLANATIONS OF HOW TO USE EACH OF
THEM
RESTRICTIVE AND NONRESTRICTIVE
12

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
 QUESTION WORD 13

• The uses of question words in adjective clauses is also similar to their uses in noun clauses, Then where is the
difference?
• In this case, again we must get back to the concept that adjective clauses are meant to be additional
information of nouns; noun clauses either become the subjects or the objects of sentences
• Usually, adjective clauses with question words only use when (for time) and where (for place)
• Other question words such as who, what, why, and how are commonly used in noun clauses to become clauses
as subjects or objects
• Where and when can be replaced by in/on/at which
• The preposition depends on the noun (in regards to place and time) being explained.
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ADVERBS
ADVERB 15

• Indeed, many adverbs are the derivation of

adjectives by adding the suffix -ly behind
• However, in terms of use, adverbs are
generally additional elements of verb phrases,
adjectives, or other adverbs (Carter &
McCarthy, 2006: 453).
• When they act as additional elements of
transitive verbs (verbs with objects), the
adverbs are usually placed either before the
verbs or after the objects
• When they act as additional elements of
intransitive verbs (verbs without objects), the
adverbs are usually placed right before or
after the verbs.
 EXAMPLES OF ADVERBS APPLIED IN 16

SENTENCES ALONG WITH ADJECTIVES

TYPES OF ADVERBS 17
THANK YOU !