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‫ تدريبية‬- ‫ وتشغيل تصميم‬/‫الغازي التورب‬
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Table of Content ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ح‬‫ا‬ ‫ج‬‫د‬‫و‬‫ل‬

‫و‬‫ض‬‫و‬‫ع‬‫ا‬ ‫ح‬‫ص‬‫ا‬
Gas turbines general notes ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬   ‫ب‬‫ذ‬‫ة‬ 33 - 6
 ‫ف‬‫و‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬ 
‫د‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ة‬‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫ت‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ص‬
‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬ ‫أ‬
‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ط‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ء‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ظ‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ف‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬
‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ) ‫ر‬‫ا‬( ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬
‫ط‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫خ‬‫ر‬
Gas Turbine air intake system ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ه‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫خ‬ ‫ظ‬‫و‬ 3 - 3
‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬
) SIEMENS V94.2 ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬  ( ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ظ‬ ‫ط‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ 
Gas turbine compressor ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫غ‬‫ط‬‫ض‬ 6 - 1
‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ض‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬
‫ط‬‫ا‬  
‫ز‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ص‬
‫س‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ط‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ص‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫إ‬
‫ت‬‫ص‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ض‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫ء‬‫أ‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫أ‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬
) ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ف‬‫و‬ \ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫إ‬( ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫إ‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬‫ظ‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫إ‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬‫ظ‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫إ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
Gas turbine combustion chambers ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫إ‬‫ح‬ ‫غ‬‫ر‬‫ف‬  - 6
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ى‬‫ء‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ط‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ء‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ف‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫أ‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬   ‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ء‬‫أ‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬
) ‫ن‬‫ا‬ ( ‫ب‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬

‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫أ‬‫ز‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ن‬‫ط‬

‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ء‬‫أ‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫أ‬ ‫ث‬‫إ‬  ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ق‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫أ‬ ‫ث‬‫إ‬  ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ق‬
Gas turbine – turbine section ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬ – ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ 003 - 
‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ف‬‫ص‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫أ‬ - ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ئ‬
‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬
‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫ر‬
‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ص‬ ‫د‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ص‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ا‬
‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬
) ‫ا‬ ( ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ص‬
Gas turbine blade cooling technique ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ش‬‫ر‬ ‫ب‬‫ر‬  026 - 00
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ق‬
‫ء‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ش‬‫ر‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬  ‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫ف‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ش‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬‫ر‬
General notes in shaft ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ن‬  ‫ت‬‫و‬ 03 - 02
design
‫د‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫د‬‫ا‬  ‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫ة‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ز‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫م‬ 
‫و‬ ‫ظ‬
Gas turbine - start up unit ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫د‬‫و‬ - ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ 03 - 01
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ء‬ ‫ز‬‫ة‬‫أ‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫أ‬
Gas turbine operation, control ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬  ‫ل‬‫ش‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ح‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ح‬‫ك‬‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫ظ‬ 066 - 0
& protections
‫ا‬ \ ‫ر‬ ‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ة‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ا‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬ )‫م‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ( ‫ت‬‫ظ‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫أ‬
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ة‬‫ز‬ 
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫م‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ض‬
‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫ة‬‫ا‬  ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫أ‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ت‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ظ‬ - ‫ت‬‫و‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ )‫ز‬‫و‬ ( ‫ض‬‫إ‬  ‫م‬‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ض‬‫إ‬ ‫ظ‬‫م‬ ‫ذ‬‫ا‬
‫ز‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬
Gas turbine efficiency & optimization ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ن‬‫ح‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ق‬ 211 - 06
‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬
‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ظ‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ء‬‫ة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ا‬

Appendix (A) )A( ‫ح‬‫ا‬ 21 - 210

‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫إ‬
‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫إ‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬  ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫إ‬
‫خ‬ ‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ك‬ 201 - 21
References ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫ا‬ 200

GAS TURBINE GENERAL NOTES ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫غ‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ب‬‫ذ‬‫ة‬

What is the operating principal of gas turbine ? ‫م‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬‫و‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫غ‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ه‬‫و‬ ‫م‬
‫ر‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫و‬ Internal combustion engine ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ط‬ ‫ج‬‫إ‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬  ‫م‬ ‫د‬ Reactive thrust  ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫و‬‫ة‬ ‫ج‬ ‫د‬‫م‬ ‫ذ‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬ Accelerate
: ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬  ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫أ‬ ‫و‬    ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ Mechanical power 
: ‫و‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫ث‬‫ا‬
‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ا‬  ‫ط‬  ‫ث‬ ‫ر‬‫ن‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ء‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫د‬
Density  ‫ض‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫ز‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫د‬ Combustion ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬  ) ‫ر‬‫ر‬ ( ‫ط‬
‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬‫و‬‫ذ‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬  ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ر‬‫آ‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬ ‫ل‬ ‫و‬‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ر‬ ‫م‬
‫ا‬ Blades ‫ش‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬  ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ئ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ء‬‫إ‬ ‫م‬  ‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ن‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬
. ‫ا‬  ‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫م‬ ‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ) ‫و‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ش‬ ( ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬

‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬ ‫س‬ BARB-Q ‫ـ‬ 1500AD ‫م‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ) ( ‫ل‬‫ا‬

‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ . ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ك‬ ‫و‬‫آ‬ ‫خ‬‫ط‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬  ‫ر‬‫ة‬ )BBQ ‫و‬  ( ‫ر‬‫إ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬ BARB-Q : ‫ح‬‫و‬‫ض‬ ‫ح‬‫ظ‬‫م‬
 ‫ب‬ ‫م‬‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬  ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬  ‫ط‬‫ء‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫أ‬‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ئ‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫د‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫و‬‫ح‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬  ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ن‬
. ‫ن‬‫د‬‫ا‬

: ‫ث‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫ث‬‫ا‬
‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ف‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫أ‬‫ت‬ ‫إ‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ف‬ ‫ل‬  ‫ر‬‫و‬  ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬     )A -2( ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬
‫ل‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫و‬‫ف‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫د‬ Electric motor ‫ئ‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ط‬ ‫ئ‬‫ر‬ ‫أ‬ ‫إ‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ( ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬‫ف‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫د‬‫و‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ؤ‬‫د‬‫ي‬  ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬
. ) ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬‫ر‬ ‫د‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬ )B - 2( ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬    ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ط‬  ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬  ‫إ‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬
‫ب‬ ‫و‬‫ف‬ ‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫و‬ Specific volume ‫و‬‫ا‬  ‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ب‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬
 ‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫أ‬   ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬( ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫ع‬‫أ‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ن‬
‫إ‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫ا‬ . ) Volumetric flow rate ‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ل‬ ‫ز‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬  ‫د‬‫ة‬‫ز‬ ‫ذ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬  ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫د‬ ‫ذ‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ 
  ‫ط‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ) C .2( ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬  ‫و‬‫د‬‫و‬ ‫ن‬  ‫و‬‫د‬ ‫ط‬‫و‬‫ا‬
. ‫ر‬‫آ‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ل‬‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬‫و‬

Simplified gas turbine ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ) 2 ( ‫ل‬‫ا‬

: ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ة‬ ‫ن‬‫ا‬

Compressor ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ ‫ط‬‫ا‬  ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ - 

Turbine ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ -2
Combustion Chamber ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬  ) ‫ب‬‫ا‬ ( ‫ا‬ -3

. Start up unit ‫ز‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬  ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ء‬ ‫د‬‫ة‬‫و‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ئ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬‫ا‬ -4

Thrust ‫د‬ ‫و‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬ Pump  ‫أ‬‫و‬ Electric generator ‫ئ‬‫ر‬ ‫د‬‫و‬ ‫و‬‫ن‬ ‫أ‬‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬‫آ‬ ‫ط‬  -5
. ‫ا‬ ... Aircraft ‫ئ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬   propulsion

. ‫ف‬‫ظ‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫د‬ ‫ن‬ Air filter ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬‫و‬  ‫و‬‫و‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ز‬‫ء‬ ‫د‬‫و‬ -6

. ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ ‫أ‬‫ن‬  )3( ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ظ‬‫ر‬ ‫إ‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫ا‬

open cycle gas turbine ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ ‫ن‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ة‬ ) 3 ( ‫ل‬‫ا‬

‫د‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ح‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫م‬‫ح‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫ئ‬‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ا‬

Main types of internal combustion engines
: ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬
Reiprocating engines ‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬ ‫ت‬‫م‬‫ح‬‫ر‬ -
: ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ا‬  ‫ف‬ ‫ن‬‫ط‬‫ر‬ ‫ك‬

Spark ignition engines ) kerosene ‫ر‬‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬ ‫ا‬( ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ة‬  ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬
Compression ignition engines ) diesel ‫ز‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ق‬ ‫ا‬( ‫ط‬  ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬

:  ‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ر‬‫ى‬‫أ‬ ‫ط‬‫ر‬

Two stroke engines ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬ - ‫أ‬

Four stroke engines ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬ - ‫ب‬

2- Stroke Reciprocating Engine ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ) 4 ( ‫ل‬‫ا‬

4- Stroke Reciprocating Engine ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫د‬‫د‬‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ) 5 ( ‫ل‬‫ا‬

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