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Circuit diagram: (Draw the circuit diagram in above given space).

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EXPERIMENT: 05
AIM: To Perform No Load and Blocked Rotor test on 1-ϕ Induction motor to
Determine the equivalent circuit parameter of 1-ϕ Induction motor.
Specific objective:
After performing the experiment, one should be able to
Test the motor & obtain efficiency.
Know how equivalent circuit parameter can be obtain from no load and blocked rotor test.

Apparatus:
Voltmeter (0-300 V, AC) One
Ammeter (0-10 A, AC) One
Wattmeter (0-750 W, 0-300 V, 0-10 A, AC) Two
Single phase variac (415 V, 15 A) One
SPST Switch

Rationale:
Equivalent circuit of a single-phase induction motor can be determining by the no load test &
blocked rotor test and from stator winding resistance r1.
When the motor is at standstill the equivalent circuit is exactly similar to the of a transformer
on short circuit as shown in fig.1 r1 and x1 are the resistance and leakage reactance of the
stator. The current in R0 and X0 represent the iron loss and magnetizing component of No
load current. R2’ and X2’ represent the rotor resistance and leakage reactance as referred to
stator.
At standstill, the air gap flux can be resolved into two equal and opposite magnetic fields
within the motor. Since these fields are of equal size, each one contributes an equal share to
the resistance and reactive voltage drops in the rotor circuit. Therefore, r2 and x2 can be split
into two parts, each one corresponding to the effects of the magnetic fields. This is
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shown in fig.2. The voltage Ef and Eb are equal at standstill.

Fig 1 Fig 2

When the motor is operating at slip s, the resistive term in the forward field group changes to r2’/2s as
in the 3 phase induction motor. The slip for the backward field is (2-s), so that the resistance in the
backward field group changes to (r2’/2)/(2-s). The complete equivalent circuit under running condition
is shown in fig.3.

Fig 3 Blocked
Rotor Test:
With the rotor at rest, single phase voltage applied to the rotor main winding, is increased gradually
from zero so that rated current flows in the main winding. Under these conditions: Voltmeter, ammeter
and wattmeter readings respectively denoted by Vsc, Isc, and Wsc are recorded. Measuring DC
resistance of main winding soon after this test by ammeter-voltmeter methods or by using multimeter.
With the rotor stationary the slip s=1 and the voltage required to circulate full load current is very low.
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Therefore the flux is small and magnetizing current flowing through X0 is also very low. In view of
this, magnetizing reactance can be neglected modifying the equivalent circuit of
fig.3. to that of fig.4.

Fig 4 Blocked Rotor test Fig 5 No Load test

No Load Test:
The single-phase induction motor under no load condition is run at rated voltage and frequency. With the
motor running at no load the slip is very close to zero, it may, therefore be assumed that s=0.
Under these conditions, r2/2s becomes infinity and becomes several times smaller than
. In view of these approximately, and may be neglected giving the
equivalent circuit fig.5.
Procedure:
No load test:
 Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram.
 Now with the help of single phase variac apply rated voltage to the stator winding &run the
motor on no load.
 Take the reading the of no load current, voltage and power.

Blocked Rotor test:

 Keep the rotor locked by means of belt or screwdriver.
 Then apply the voltage through variac such that the rated current flows through the stator winding.
 Note down the reading of ammeter. Voltmeter and wattmeter.

Observation:
No Load test
Voltage(Volts) No Load Current I0(Amps) Power W0(Watts)
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Blocked Rotor test

S.C. Voltage (volts) S.C Current ISC(Amps) Power WS(Watts)

Calculation:
Blocked Rotor Test;
From the test data, the equivalent impedance referred to stator is

The equivalent resistance RSC, from fig (4), is given by

Since resistance of main stator winding r1 is already measured, effective rotor resistance r2 at line
frequency is

𝑠𝑐
=_____________

From fig. 4

Since , the leakage reactance X1 and X2 can’t be separated out, it is a common practice to assume X1+X2

Or
=____________
In blocked rotor test, only main winding is excited the auxiliary winding is left open. Thus from blocked
rotor test, parameter r2, X1& X2 can be determine if r1 is known.
No load test:
Under no load test, let the voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter reading be Vo, Io and Wo respectively.
Then, no load power factor is

No load equivalent impedance is

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𝜙0
=______________

From fig. 5

Since X1 and X2 are already known from blocked rotor test, magnetizing reactance X0 can be calculated
from above equation. Thus from no load test only magnetizing reactance X0 is determined provide X1
and X2 are known.

Conclusion:

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Date of Completion:- Signature of Faculty:-

Date: