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Database Management System
(DBMS)
Data: Data refers to the collection of facts and
figures.
Tuples/entities
● Null Value: a value in a field that appears to be blank, which means a field
with a null value is a field with no value.
● Schema: The overall design of a database is called schema.
● Instance: The which is stored in the database at a particular moment of time
is called an intance of the database.
● Degree: The total number of attributes that comrises a relation is known as
the degree of the table.
Keys in DBMS
● Keys in DBMS is an attribute or set of attributes
which helps us to identify a record(tuple) in a
relation(table) and allow us to find or establish a
relation between the tables.
● Types of keys in DBMS:
– Primary Key
– Candidate Key
– Super Key/Composite key
– Alternate Key
– Foreign Key
Primary Key
● A Primary key is a set one or more attributes
that uniquely identify tuples within a relation.
● A primary is a quique value that indentifies a
row in a table.
● A TBALE CAN HAVE ONLY ONE PRIMARY
KEY.
● If a primary key contraint is applied on one or
more columns then it is known as Composite
Primary Key (in case we are taking combining two columns)
Key Terminology
Candidate Key
● A candidate key is an attribute or set of
attributes that can uniquely identifies a tuple.
● A candidate key is considered as strong as
primary key.
Super/Composite Key
● A super key is a group of multiple keys which
identifies a row in a table.
● A super key can contain many additional
attributes that are not needed for unique
identification.
Alternate Key
● A table may have multiple choices for a primary
key but only one can be set as primary key. All
the remaining keys which are not primary key
are called alternate key.
Foreign Key
● A foreign key is used to represent the
relationship between two tables.
● A non-key attribute, whose values are derived
from the primary key of some other table is
known as foreign key.
● In simple word primary key of table 1 is foreign
key from table 2.
Datatypes
● Datatypes are used to identify which type of data (value) we are
going to store in the field of a table in the database.
– Fileds themselves can be of different types of depending on
the data they contian.
– Data types in Openoffice base are boradly classified into five
categories listed below:
● Numeric data types
● Alpthanumeric data types
● Binary data types
● Date time data types
● Other Variable data types