What is Data?

What is a Database?
 ● Database – A database is an organized collection of
data.
● Database Management System (DBMS) - Database
management refers to creating,modifying, deleting and
adding data in files A database management system is
a software package with computer programs that
controls the creation, maintenance and use of a
database.
Data can be organized into two types:-
Flat File: Data is stored in a single table. Usually suitable
for less amount of data.

Relational: Data is stored in multiple tables and the tables

are linked using a common field. Relational is suitable for
medium to large amount of data.
Database Servers – Database servers are dedicated
computers that hold the actual databases and run only
the DBMS and related software.
 What is RDBMS?
● Is based on the relational model
● Introduced by E. F. CODD
● RDBMS is a DBMS where data is stored in the form
of tables
Components of database

● Records
● Fields
● Tables
● Query
● Form
● Report
Advantages of Database
● Easy searching and updating
● Storage
● Reduction of Data Redundancy
● Controlled Inconsistency
● Data Sharing
● Enforcement of Standards
● Printing Reports
● Data Security
Different types of keys:-

Primary key :- primary key is a field that uniquely identify each

record in a table primary key does not allow null value.
2.Candidate key a table can have more than a single field or a
column that is that has unique value . All such feel that uniquely
identify the row in a table are called all candidate key
 3. Alternate key :- from the candidate key the key which is not
primary key is an alternate key .

4. Composite Primary Key a primary key that consists of two or

more attributes is known as composite key.

5. foreign key a foreign key is an attribute or a combination of

attributes in a table whose value match a primary key in another
table foreign keys will allow null values and duplicate values
Different type of Data Types

1. Text :- Default data type

that allows any kind of a
data,characters, digits,
special character
maximum 255 characters
can be stored
1. Memo :- this means that any text that needs over 255 characters to be
stored like notes ,explanation, can be used in memo field

maximum length is 65535 character

3. Number:- This is an ideal type of numeric data with mathematical

calculation involved can support byte integer, long integer with decimal.

4. Date and time:- This data types can be used of date and time from the
year 99 to 9999 you can choose any of the format
5. Currency:- it support currency value and numerical data in which
decimals are up to four. it has accuracy up to 15 digit to the left of the
decimal point and up to four digit to the right of the decimal point

6. Auto number :- this is a unique sequential number that is automatically generated

and increased by 1 by Microsoft Access every time a new record is added to a table.
Autonumber field cannot be updated but it can be assigned different that values
primary keys can be idle set to the spec of data type
7. Yes / No:- This data type supports only one of the two possible values
such as yes or no ,true or false , On or Off. null values are not allowed in
the field.

8. OLE Object :- OLE stand for object linking and embedding . This field
set to OLE object types will support storage of the objects like word
document, Microsoft Excel spreadsheet ,pictures or other data created in
other program
7. Hyperlink :- this is used for storing hyperlink. A hyperlink is normally
some text on a graphic which when clicked will take you to a file or a
location of file or a web page

8. Attachment :- this is the option so you can attach images, files

documents, charts and and any other types of supported file . the size of
the field can go up to 2GB data

9. Lookup wizard:- This is an option which create a field that allow you
to choose a value from a list of a values or from another table or you may
even type in the values.
Creating a Table
Two methods to create a table

1.Create a table in a date sheet view

2. Create a table in a design view
Manipulation Data
Two languages:-
DDL (Data Definition Language)

DML (Data Manipulation Language)

SESSION 3:- PERFORM
OPERATIONS ON A TABLE
DML (Data Manipulation Language)
● Once structure of database has been defined it is ready for entry and
manipulation of data .
● Some Commands used in DML
● Select
● Insert
● Update
● Delete
 RELATIONSHIP :-
● how various tables are linked together
● Prevent redundant of data, duplicates of data
TYPES OF RELATIONSHIP
● ONE-ONE RELATIONSHIP
● ONE -MANY
RELATIONSHIP
● MANY-MANY
RELATIONSHIP
1. Creating a new database
2. Saving a database
3. Opening an existing database
Session 4:- Retrieve
Data Using Queries
Creating a query by Query Design
Creating a Query by Query Wizard
Creating a query in SQL View
What is form?

A form resembles a simple document which

has a blank space for insertion of relevant
data for example job application
Session 5:- Create
Form & Report using
Wizard
● Creating a form
● Using form wizard
What is report?

A report is an effective way to present to data in a

printed format it is used to display and print your
data in organised manner
● Creating a report
● Using report wizard