Mechanical User's Guide

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Hyperelasticity

Following are several forms of strain energy potential (Ψ) provided for the simulati
nearly incompressible hyperelastic materials. The different models are generally ap
over different ranges of strain as illustrated in the table below, however these num
not definitive and users should verify the applicability of the model chosen prior to

Currently hyperelastic materials may only be used in solid elements for explicit dyn
simulations.
Model Applied Strain Range
Neo-Hookean 30%
Mooney-Rivlin 30%-200% depending on order
Polynomial
Ogden Up to 700%

Neo-Hookean

The strain energy function for the Neo-Hookean hyperelastic model is,

where is the deviatoric first principal invariant, J is the Jacobian and the required
parameters are defined as:

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µ = initial shear modulus of the material

d= incompressibility parameter.

and the initial bulk modulus is defined as:

K = 2/d

Mooney-Rivlin

The strain energy function of a hyperelastic material can be expanded as an infinite

terms of the first and second deviatoric principal invariants and , as follows,

The 2, 3, 5 and 9 parameter Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material models have been

implemented and are described in turn below.

2–Parameter Mooney-Rivlin Model

The strain energy function for the 2–parameter model is,

where:
C10, C01 = material constants

d = material incompressibility parameter.

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The initial shear modulus is defined as:

and the initial bulk modulus is defined as:

K = 2/d

3–Parameter Mooney-Rivlin Model

The strain energy function for the 3–parameter model is,

where the required input parameters are defined as:

C10, C01,C11 = material constants

d = material incompressibility parameter

The bulk and shear modulus are as defined for the 2–parameter Mooney-Rivlin mo

5–Parameter Mooney-Rivlin Model

The strain energy function for the 5–parameter model is,

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where the required input parameters are defined as:

C10,C01,C20,C11,C02 = material constants

d = material incompressibility parameter.

The bulk and shear modulus are as defined for the 2–parameter Mooney-Rivlin mo

9–Parameter Mooney-Rivlin Model

The strain energy function for the 9–parameter hyperelastic model is,

where the required input parameters are defined as:

C10,C01,C20,C11, C02, C30, C21, C12,C03 = material constants

d = material incompressibility parameter.

The bulk and shear modulus are as defined for the 2–parameter Mooney-Rivlin mo

Polynomial

The strain energy function of a hyperelastic material can be expanded as an infinite

the first and second deviatoric principal invariants l1 and l2 . The polynomial form o

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energy function is given below:

1st, 2nd, and 3rd order polynomial hyperelastic material models have been implem
the solver where N is 1, 2 or 3 respectively.
Cmn = material constants

dk = material incompressibility parameters.

The initial shear modulus is defined as:

and the initial bulk modulus is defined as:

K = 2/d1

Yeoh

The Yeoh hyperelastic strain energy function is similar to the Mooney-Rivlin models
described above except that it is only based on the first deviatoric strain invariant.
general form,

Yeoh 1st order

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The strain energy function for the first order Yeoh model is,

where:
N=1
C10 = material constant

d1 = incompressibility parameter

The initial shear modulus is defined as:

µ = 2c10

and the initial bulk modulus is defined as:

K = 2/d1

Yeoh 2nd order

The strain energy function for the second order Yeoh hyperelastic model is

where the required input parameters are defined as:

N = 2.
C10, C20 = material constants

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d1 , d2 = incompressibility parameters

See 1st order Yeoh model for definitions of the initial shear and bulk modulus.

Yeoh 3rd order

The strain energy function for the third order Yeoh hyperelastic model is,

where the required input parameters are defined as:

N = 3.
C10, C20, C30 = material constants

d1 , d2, d3 = incompressibility parameters

See 1st order Yeoh model for definitions of the initial shear and bulk modulus.

Ogden

The Ogden form of the strain energy function is based on the deviatoric principal s
of the left-Cauchy-Green tensor and has the form,

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Ogden 1st Order

The strain energy function for the first order Ogden hyperelastic model is,

where:
λ p = deviatoric principal stretches of the left-Cauchy-Green tensor

J = determinant of the elastic deformation gradient

µp, αp and dp = material constants

The initial shear modulus is given as:

and the initial bulk modulus is:

Ogden 2nd order

The strain energy function for the first order Ogden hyperelastic model is,

where:
λ p= deviatoric principal stretches of the left-Cauchy-Green tensor

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J = determinant of the elastic deformation gradient

µp, αp and dp = material constants

The initial shear modulus is given as:

and the initial bulk modulus is:

Ogden 3rd order

The strain energy function for the first order Ogden hyperelastic model is,

where:
λ p= deviatoric principal stretches of the left-Cauchy-Green tensor

J = determinant of the elastic deformation gradient

µp, αp and dp = material constants

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The initial shear modulus is given as:

and the initial bulk modulus is:

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