Course: Functional English-II

Code : 221

Assignment # 2

Semester: Autumn, 2023

Level: Matric

Q1. In Unit 4 you read about Saleem. Describe his personality and physical

features.

Answer:

Physical features

Saleem is born with a caul on his head, which is seen as a sign of good luck in some

cultures. However, it is also a sign of his connection to the other Midnight's Children,

who are all born with extraordinary powers.

Saleem is described as being a small and frail child. He is also said to be quite ugly,

with a "squashed nose" and "crooked teeth." However, he also has a certain charm and

charisma, which he uses to his advantage throughout the novel.

Personality

Saleem is also a very empathetic character. He is able to understand and connect with

other people, even those who are very different from him. This empathy allows him to

build strong relationships with others, even in the midst of chaos and conflict.
Saleem is also a very intelligent and idealistic character. He has a deep desire to make

the world a better place. However, his idealism is often tempered by his cynicism. He

has seen the dark side of human nature firsthand, and he is not always sure if it is

possible to create a better world.

Despite his cynicism, Saleem remains a hopeful character. He believes in the power of

love and compassion to overcome hatred and violence. He also believes in the

importance of fighting for justice and equality.

Overall, Saleem Sinai is a complex and well-developed character. He is both

physically and emotionally scarred by the events of his life, but he is also resilient and

resourceful. He is a character who readers can root for, even when he makes mistakes.

Q2. Fill in the blanks with the help of the following words:

because, since, any, some, therefore, as, any, much, if, like

Answer:

1. New government has to do a lot of things therefore strengthen the economy,

tackle with terrorism and so on.

2. Sami is very rich and has much lots of money in account.

3. You need not to worry about this disease because everything is available on the

website.

4. I have been working on this project since one year.

5. Animals in Pakistan are not treated well bcause good vets are not available.

6. There are some mangoes in the refrigerator.

7. Is there any good internet cafe in the city?

 8. Khurram told Ali that there isn't any job available in his department

9. See if there is any water in the jug.

10. Number of diesel vehicles is increasing, therefore air pollution is adding.

Q3. Read Unit 3, which is about 'Cause and Effect'. Now write five different

pairs of sentences similar to the ones given in the example.

For Example: "It was terribly hot, so I couldn't go out". Effect

"I couldn't go out because it was terribly hot". Cause

Use the following:

i. Rain/floods

ii. Dry/famine

iii. Cold/sick

iv. Dirty/diarrhea

v. Study/marks

Answer:

Here are five different pairs of sentences about cause and effect using the given

words:

Rain/floods

 Effect: The village was flooded, so the people had to evacuate.

 Cause: The village was flooded because it rained heavily for days.
 Dry/famine

 Effect: The crops failed, so the people starved.

 Cause: The crops failed because it didn't rain for a long time.

Cold/sick

 Effect: I have a fever, so I can't go to work.

 Cause: I have a fever because I caught a cold.

Dirty/diarrhea

 Effect: The child has diarrhea, so he's dehydrated.

 Cause: The child has diarrhea because he ate dirty food.

Study/marks

 Effect: I got good marks in the exam, so I'm happy.

 Cause: I got good marks in the exam because I studied hard.

Q4. What advice would you give to the following persons?

i. Someone suffering from Dengue.

ii. Someone who has failed in exam.

iii. Someone who lost his job.

iv. Someone who has no money.

v. Someone who eats a lot.

vi. Someone who cannot learn English language.

vii. Someone without any manners.

viii. Someone who is extravagant.

ix. Someone who wants to become a cricketer.

x. Someone who wants to see the world.

Answer:

Here is some general advice for each of the scenarios you mentioned:

i. Someone suffering from Dengue: Seek medical attention immediately. Rest, stay

hydrated, and follow your doctor's advice for recovery.

ii. Someone who has failed in an exam: Don't be too hard on yourself. Take it as an

opportunity to learn from your mistakes. Identify areas for improvement, create a

study plan, and seek help if needed.

iii. Someone who lost his job: Stay positive and proactive. Update your resume,

network, and apply for new opportunities. Consider exploring new skills or industries

if necessary.

iv. Someone who has no money: Prioritize your basic needs like food, shelter, and

healthcare. Seek assistance from government programs, charities, or community

resources. Look for ways to generate income, such as freelancing or part-time work.

v. Someone who eats a lot: Focus on balanced and healthy meals. Practice portion

control and include a variety of nutrient-rich foods. Engage in regular physical activity

to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

vi. Someone who cannot learn English language: Be patient with yourself. Take small,

consistent steps to learn. Utilize resources like language apps, online courses, or

consider enrolling in a language class. Practice speaking and listening regularly.

vii. Someone without any manners: Cultivate self-awareness and empathy. Practice

good manners by being respectful, considerate, and polite towards others. Observe and

learn from people who exhibit good manners.

 viii. Someone who is extravagant: Create a budget and stick to it. Prioritize needs over

wants and practice mindful spending. Save for the future and consider seeking

financial advice or counseling if necessary.

ix. Someone who wants to become a cricketer: Dedicate yourself to consistent practice

and training. Seek guidance from experienced coaches and players. Focus on physical

fitness, mental resilience, and always strive for improvement.

x. Someone who wants to see the world: Start by setting goals and creating a travel

budget. Research destinations, plan itineraries, and consider alternative travel options

like backpacking or volunteering abroad. Embrace different cultures and make

memories that will last a lifetime.

Q5. Open your dictionary. Read the relevant dictionary pages and find out:

(a) The adjective of the word ‘Impress’

(b) At least two compound nouns of the word ‘home’

(c) The various words one can make from the word ‘make’

(d) The adjective of the word ‘baffle’

(e) The adverb of the word ‘complete’.

Answer:

(a) The adjective of the word "impress" is impressive.

(b) Two compound nouns of the word "home" are:

 homeowner

 homecoming

(c) The various words one can make from the word "make" are:
 maker

 making

(d) The adjective of the word "baffle" is baffling.

(e) The adverb of the word "complete" is completely.

Examples:

 The students were impressed by the teacher's knowledge and passion for the subject.

 The homeowner was busy making renovations to his house.

 The maker of the product was sued for false advertising.

Q.6 Make tag questions of the following sentences.

i. Saba hasn't won any prize.

ii. Ali wrote a book.

iii. Bilal does not like to tell lies.

iv. They can speak three languages properly.

V. We are watching movie in this afternoon

vi. Ali had travelled to the desert areas of Pakistan.

vii. Sara would not buy new clothes for Eid.

viii. You are the student of AIOU.

ix. Ali works in a Telenor company.

x. I can't check your work.

Answer:

Here are the tag questions of the given sentences:

 i. Saba hasn't won any prize, has she? ii. Ali wrote a book, didn't he? iii. Bilal does not

like to tell lies, does he? iv. They can speak three languages properly, can't they? v.

We are watching a movie in this afternoon, aren't we? vi. Ali had travelled to the

desert areas of Pakistan, hadn't he? vii. Sara would not buy new clothes for Eid, would

she? viii. You are the student of AIOU, aren't you? ix. Ali works in a Telenor

company, doesn't he? x. I can't check your work, can I?

Note that the tag question is always the opposite of the main statement in terms of

polarity, i.e., if the main statement is positive, the tag question will be negative, and

vice versa.

Q.7 Read Unit 6, of the Text Book and then explain with at least five examples.

What is the difference between homonyms and homophones?

Answer:

Homonyms and homophones are words that sound the same but have different

meanings and spellings.

Homonyms are words that have the same spelling and pronunciation but different

meanings. For example:

 Bank: a financial institution or the side of a river

 Bat: a flying mammal or a sports equipment used to hit a ball

 Fair: just or impartial or a festival

 Fine: good or of high quality or a penalty that must be paid

 Match: a small stick of wood or cardboard with a tip that ignites when rubbed or a

game played between two teams

 Homophones are words that sound the same but have different spellings and

meanings. For example:

 To: toward or to have

 Two: the number after one

 Their: belonging to or used by them

 There: in or at that place

 Where: in or at what place

Q.8 Write meanings of the following words in English and make sentences. You

may get the help from dictionary.

S.no. Words Meaning Sentences

1. Extrovert

2. Board

3. Courageous

4. Appendix

5. Happy

6. Captivating

7. Heartening

8. Scanty

9. Antitrust

10. Judicious

Answer:
 Words Meaning Sentences
S.no.

Extroverts often enjoy

being around people and

1. Extrovert An outgoing, sociable person
being the center of

attention.

The students sat at their

A flat, thin piece of wood or
2. Board desks and wrote on the
other material
boards.

The courageous

Brave and willing to face firefighter ran into the

3. Courageous
danger burning building to save

the child.

A small, finger-like organ The doctor removed the

4. Appendix that projects from the large patient's appendix, which

intestine was infected.

Feeling or showing pleasure The children were happy

5. Happy
or contentment playing in the park.
 The captivating story
Holding one's attention
6. Captivating kept the reader on the
completely
edge of their seat.

The heartening news

Providing encouragement or gave the team the

7. Heartening
hope motivation they needed

to win the game.

The hiker had only

8. Scanty Barely enough scanty supplies of food

and water.

A set of laws designed to

The government filed an
prevent monopolies and
9. Antitrust antitrust lawsuit against
promote competition in the
the tech giant.
marketplace

The judge made a

Showing care, thought, and
10. Judicious judicious decision in the
wisdom
case.