QUARTER I

Week 3
Prepared by: Remy A. Oghayon BSED MATH 4-A
Subject: Grade Level/ Section: 11-Prudence
Statistics and Probability (HUMMS)
Date:
Day: 16 (Lesson 5)
March 13, 2023 ( 3:00 - 4:00 )
The learner demonstrates an
understanding of key concepts of
Content Standard
random variables and probability
distributions.
The learner is able to apply an
appropriate random variable for a given
Performance Standard
real-life problem (such as decision
making and games of chance).
M11/12SP-lllb-4
Learning Competency Solves problems involving mean and
variance of probability distributions.
I. OBJECTIVES The learner:

Knowledge: Define variance and standard deviation.

Skills: Solves problem involving variance, and
standard deviation of probability
distributions.
Affective: Relate variance and standard deviation in
real-life situation.
COMPUTING THE VARIANCE
AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF
II. CONTENT
A DISCRETE PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide Pages Statistics and Probability
Second Edition, pp. 33-37
IV. PROCEDURES
Teachers Activity Students Activity
A. Preparatory Activities

Good afternoon students Good afternoon sir!

1. Opening Prayer Our Father, Who art in heaven, hallowed

be Thy name; Thy kingdom come; Thy
will be done on earth as it is in heaven.
Class, please stand for the opening prayer. Give us this day our daily bread; and
May I call on Ms. _________ to lead the prayer? forgive us our trespasses as we forgive
those who trespass against us; and lead
us not into temptation, but deliver us
Before you take your seats, kindly pick up pieces of paper from evil. Amen!
under your chairs and arrange it properly.
Students will actively participate.
2. Greetings

Good afternoon again class and How’s your day?

Good afternoon sir! We’re good sir.

3. Checking of Attendance

For checking of attendance , class secretary or class monitor

please give me the attendance after the class so that I will Yes, sir noted!
know who is absent during the discussion.

Thank you Mr./Ms. Secretary! You’re welcome sir!

(One of the student will answer)

4. Review

So today we will have a new topic but who still remember

our last topic?
Our last topic sir is all about computing
the mean of a discrete probability
distribution.
Yes Mr./Ms.

Very Good Mr./Ms.

(One of the student will answer)

How do we solve or compute when getting the mean of a
discrete probability distribution?

Yes Mr./Ms. Students answer may varies.

Thank you Ms./Mr. for that very good answer.

How about to this side? How do we solve or compute when
getting the mean of a discrete probability distribution?

Yes Mr./Ms. (One of the student will answer)

Thank you Ms./Mr. for that very good answer. Students answer may varies.
B. Motivation

Instruction: Find the mean of the discrete probability

distribution by completing the table below.

1. Consider rolling a die. What is the average number of

spots that would appear?

Number of Probability X.P(X)

spots X P(X)
1 1
6
2 1
6
3 1 (One of the student will answer)
6
4 1
6
5 1
6
6 1
6

Number of Probability X.P(X)

spots X P(X)
Who wants to answer? 1 1 1
6 6
2 1 2
6 6
Yes Mr./Ms. 3 1 3
6 6
4 1 4
6 6
That’s correct, thank you Mr./Ms. 5 1 5
6 6
6 1 6
So very good students , so we all know how to solve or 6 6
compute the mean of discrete probability distribution. 21
∑ [ X . P( X )]= 6 = 3.5
C. Activity

Before we start to our lesson proper, let us have first a

activity . I have here a jumbled letters with the definition, all
you have to do is guess the right or correct word.

Are you ready students? Yes sir!

Instruction: Guess the correct word.
1. CARAVINE
- it is a measure of variability. It is calculated by taking the
average of squared deviations from the mean.

2. TANDRASD ATIONVIED
- it is the average amount of variability in your data set. It
tells you, on average, how far each value lies from the
mean.
(One of the student will answer)
Who wants to answer number 1?

VARIANCE
Yes Mr./Ms.

Very good observation and thank you Mr/Ms.

How about number 2? Who wants to answer? (One of the student will answer)

Yes Mr./Ms.
STANDARD DEVIATION

Very good observation and thank you Mr/Ms.

D. Analysis

Now lets go to our proper discussion, now class based on

our activity that I gave what is our topic for today?
(One of the student will answer)

Yes Mr./Ms.
Student’s answer may varies
Very Good observation and thank you Mr./Ms.

Another answer from this side. Yes Mr./Ms. Go ahead.

Very Good observation and thank you Mr./Ms.

Student’s answer may varies
So our topic for this afternoon is all about computing the
variance and standard deviation but before we proceed to
the discussion I will read first the learning objectives for
today’s lesson.

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Define variance and standard deviation.
 Solves problem involving variance, and standard Students are listening.
deviation of probability distributions.
 Relate variance and standard deviation in real-life
situation.
Before we go to our main topic lets’ define first what is
variance.

The variance is a measure of variability. It is calculated by

taking the average of squared deviations from the mean.
Variance tells you the degree of spread in your data set. The
more spread the data, the larger the variance is in relation to
the mean.

Next is the standard deviation, The standard deviation is the

average amount of variability in your data set. It tells you,
on average, how far each value lies from the mean. A high
standard deviation means that values are generally far from
the mean, while a low standard deviation indicates that
values are clustered close to the mean.
Students are listening.

Steps in Finding the Variance and Standard Deviation

Step 1: Find the mean of the probability distribution.

Step 2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random

variable X.

Step 3: Square the results obtained in Step 2.

Step 4: Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the

corresponding probability.
Students are listening.
Step 5: Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.

Step 6: Get the square root of the variance to get the

standard deviation.

Example
The number of cars sold per day at a local car dealership.

Number of Cars Probability PX)

Sold X
0 1
10
1 2
10 Students are listening.
2 3
10
3 2
10
4 2
10
 Students are listening.

Solutions:

Step 1. Find Numbe Probability

the mean of the r of P(X)
probability cars
distribution sold X
using the 0 1
formula 10
∑ [ X . P( X )] 1 2
10
2 3
10
3 2
10
4 2 Students are listening.
10
22
∑ [ X . P( X )] = 10

Step 2: X P(X) X.P(X X-µ

Subtract )
the mean 1
from each 0 10 0 0-2.2 =-2.2
value of 2 2
the random 1 10 10 1-2.2 =-1.2
variable X. 3 6
2 10 10 2-2.2=-0.2
2 6 Students are listening.
3 10 10 3-2.2=0.8
2 8
4 10 10 4-2.2=1.8
Step 3: X P(X X.P(X) X − µ (X − µ)
2

Square the )
results 0 1 0 -2.2 4.84
obtained in Students are listening.
10
Step 2. 1 2 2 -1.2 1.44
10 10
2 3 6 -0.2 0.04
10 10
3 2 6 0.8 0.64
10 10
4 2 8 1.8 3.24
10 10

Step 4: X P(X X. X − µ ( X − µ)2( X − µ)2

Multiply ) P(X . P(x)
the results )
obtained in 1
Step 3 by 0 10 0 -2.2 4.84 0.484
the
correspon- 2 2 Students are listening
ding 1 10 10 -1.2 1.44 0.288
probability.
3 6
2 10 10 -0.2 0.04 0.012

2 6
3 10 10 0.8 0.64 0.128

2 8
4 10 10 1.8 3.24 0.648
 Step 5: X P(X X. X − µ (X − µ)2(X − µ)2
Get the ) P(X . P(x)
sum of )
the 1 Students are listening
results 0 10 0 -2.2 4.84 0.484
obtained
in Step 2 1
4. 1 10 10 -1.2 1.44 0.288

3 6
2 10 10 -0.2 0.04 0.012

2 6
3 10 10 0.8 0.64 0.128 No sir!

2 8
4 10 10 1.8 3.24 0.648

σ= ∑ [(X − µ)2 . P(x )]=1.56

And the last step which is step 6, get the square root of the
variance to get the standard deviation. Since the variance is
1.56 . the standard deviation is σ = √ 1.56 = 1.25

Formula for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a

Discrete Probability Distribution

Variance
2
σ = ∑¿ ¿ . P(X)]

Standard Deviation
σ =√ ∑[( X ­µ) ¿ ¿ 2 . P (X )]¿

So is there any questions, clarifications, reactions,

suggestions, comments? None?
E. Abstraction

Since there are no questions. This time I will be the one to

ask questions.

1. What is variance? (One of the student will answer)

Yes Mr./Ms. The variance is a measure of variability.

 It is calculated by taking the average of
squared deviations from the mean.
Variance tells you the degree of spread
in your data set. The more spread the
data, the larger the variance is in relation
to the mean.

Very good and thank you Mr/Ms

2. What about the standard deviation? (One of the student will answer)

Yes Mr./Ms. The standard deviation is the average

amount of variability in your data set. It
tells you, on average, how far each value
lies from the mean. A high standard
deviation means that values are generally
far from the mean, while a low standard
deviation indicates that values are
clustered close to the mean.

Very good and thank you Mr/Ms

3. What are the steps in computing the variance and (One of the student will answer)
standard deviation of a probability distribution?

Yes Mr./Ms. The steps in computing the variance and

standard deviation of a discrete
probability distribution are the
following;

Step 1. Find the mean of the probability

distribution using the formula
∑ [ X . P( X )]
Step 2. Subtract the mean from each
value of the random variable X.

Step 3. Square the results obtained in

Step 2.

Step 4. Multiply the results obtained in

Step 3 by the corresponding probability.
 Step 5. Get the sum of the results
obtained in Step 4.

Step 6. Get the square root of the

variance to get the standard deviation.
Very good Mr/Ms

4. How can we relate variance and standard deviation in

real-life situation?
(One of the student will answer)

Yes Mr./Ms.

Student’s answer may varies.

Very good Mr/Ms

F. Application

I will group the class into two groups. Count off from 1 to
2. All number 1 will go this side and all number 2 will go to
this side. Each group will select a reporter. I have here set of
brown envelopes, inside this envelope there is a problem, all
you have to do is to read the instructions. After 10 minutes Students are listening.
each group paste their work in the board and the reporter
will report their work.

Instructions: Find the variance and standard deviation of the

probability distribution by completing the table below.

For Group 1.
The number of computers sold per day at a local computer
shop, along with its corresponding probabilities, is shown in
the table. Find the variance and standard deviation of the
distribution.

Number of Probability
Computers sold X P(X)
0 0.1
1 0.2
 2 0.3
3 0.2
4 0.2

For Group 2
The number of inquiries received per day by the Office of
Admissions in a certain university is shown in the table.
Find the variance and standard deviation.

Number of items Probability

X P(X)
22 0.08
23 0.19
24 0.36
25 0.25
26 0.07
27 0.05

Group 1 will present first. Give them a round of applause

Give a round of applause to group 1. Very good group 1 for

a job well done.

Next reporter will be group 2. Give them a round of

applause.

Give a round of applause to group 2. Very good group 1 for

a job well done.

So all of us know how to calculate the variance and standard

deviation of the discrete probability distribution.

IV. Evaluation

Direction: In a 1/2 paper crosswise, answer the following.

1. Find the variance and standard deviation of the probability distribution of random variable X which can take
4 2 1 2
only 1, 3, 5, and 7 given that , , , and respectively.
9 9 9 9

V. Assignment

Direction: In your assignment notebook, answer the following.

1. Find the variance and standard deviation of the probability distribution of a random variable X which can
9 3 1
take only values 1, 2, and 3, given that P(1) = , P(2) = , and P(3) = .
10 10 10
Remarks