FUNDAMENTALS (LECTURE)
ROBERT CABAÑES
SELF CONCEPT
● Mental image of oneself
● Positive self-concept essential to mental and physical
health
● Individuals with a positive self-concept are better able
to develop and maintain interpersonal relationships
and resist psychological and physical illness.
● An individual possessing a strong self-concept should
be better able to accept or adapt to changes that may
occur over the lifespan.
DIMENSIONS OF SELF-CONCEPT
● Self-knowledge: insight into one’s own abilities,
nature, and limitations
● Self-expectation: what one expects of oneself; may be
realistic or unrealistic expectations
● Social self: how a person is perceived by others and
society
● Social evaluation: the appraisal of oneself in
relationship to others, events, or situations.
SELF-AWARENESS
● Relation between self-perception and perception by
others
● A nurse who is very self-aware has perceptions that
are very congruent.
● Becoming more self-aware is a process that requires
time and energy and is never complete.
● One important component of the process is
introspection, which involves the nurse reflecting on his
or her own beliefs, attitudes, motivations, strengths,
and limitations
FORMATION OF SELF-CONCEPT
A person is not born with a self-concept; rather, it develops as
a result of social interactions with others.
● Self-concept develops through social interaction.
● People face developmental tasks.
● Success in coping with these tasks determines
self-concept.
● Difficulty in coping results in problems with
self-concept.
ERICK ERIKSON’S CONCEPT
1. Global self - refers to the collective beliefs and images
one holds about oneself. It is the most complete
description that individuals can give of themselves at
any one time.
● It is also a person’s frame of reference for
experiencing and viewing the world.
● Some of these beliefs and images represent
statements of fact, for example, “I am a
woman,” “I am a father,” or “I am short.”
● Others refer to less tangible aspects of self,
for instance, “I am competent” or “I am shy.
KYLA ELYSHA MARIE P. RONDAN
2. Core Self Concept - Each person’s self-concept is like a
piece of art. At the center of the art are the beliefs and
images that are most vital to the person’s identity.
● For example, “I am very smart/of average
intelligence” or “I am male/female.” Images
and beliefs that are less important to the
person are on the periphery.
● Self-concept in these areas also extends to the
choices people make and perceptions they
have about their health.
3. Ideal Self - which is how we should be or would prefer
to be. The ideal self is the individual’s perception of
how one should behave based on certain personal
standards, aspirations, goals, and values.
● Sometimes this ideal self is realistic;
sometimes it is not.
● When the perceived self is close to the ideal
self, people do not wish to be much different
from what they believe they already are.
● A discrepancy between the ideal self and
perceived self can be an incentive to
self-improvement
In summary…
1. Global self- Collective beliefs and images about oneself
2. Core self-concept - Central, most vital beliefs and
images
3. Ideal self - How we "should" be or prefer to be
Low self-esteem from discrepancy between ideal and
perceived self
COMPONENTS OF SELF-CONCEPT
1. Personal Identity
● Conscious sense of individuality and
uniqueness
● Evolves throughout life
● Includes name, sex, age, race, ethnic origin
or culture, occupation
● Includes talents, beliefs, values, personality,
character
● Distinguishes self from others
2. Body Image
● Image of physical self
● How person perceives size, appearance,
functioning of body and its parts
● Cognitive aspects
● Affective aspects
● The cognitive is the knowledge of the
material body; the affective includes the
sensations of the body, such as pain,
pleasure, fatigue, and physical movement.
● Includes clothing, make-up, hairstyle,
jewelry, and other things intimately
connected to the person
● Develops from attitudes and responses of
others and from self-exploration
● Different parts of the body have different
values for different people.
BSN 1-F
 FUNDAMENTALS (LECTURE)
ROBERT CABAÑES
3. Role Performance
● A role has expectations.
● Role performance relates what a person in a
particular role does related to behaviors
expected of a role.
● Role mastery - Person's behaviors meet social
expectations.Failure to master leads to
frustration, inadequacy, lowered self-esteem
❖ Role Development - socialization in
a role
❖ Role ambiguity - expectations
unclear
❖ Role strain - made to feel
inadequate or unsuited to a role
❖ Role conflict - opposing expectations
4. Self - Esteem
● One's judgment of one's own worth
● Global self-esteem
● How much one likes oneself as a whole
● Specific self-esteem - How much one approves
of a specific part of oneself

FACTORS AFFECTING SELF-CONCEPT

● One's judgment of one's own worth
● Global self-esteem
● How much one likes oneself as a whole
● Specific self-esteem
● How much one approves of a specific part of oneself

KYLA ELYSHA MARIE P. RONDAN BSN 1-F