Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Chapter 8 Cell The Unit of Life are part of NCERT
Exemplar Class 11 Biology. Here we have given NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology
Chapter 8 Cell The Unit of Life.
Q1. A common characteristic feature of plant sieve tube cells and most of
mammalian erythrocytes is
(a) Absence of mitochondria (b) Presence of cell wall
(c) Presence of haemoglobin (d) Absence of nucleus
Ans: (d) A common characteristic feature of plant sieve tube cells and most of
mammalian erythrocytes is absence of nucleus.
Q4. Which of the following dyes is not used for staining chromosomes?
(a) Basic Fuchsin (b) Salfanin
(c) Methylene green (d) Carmine
Ans: (b) Saffanin stain is not used for staining chromosomes while Basic Fuchsin,
Methylene green and Carmine are used for staining chromosomes.
Q5. Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in an
ascending order of their size. Choose the correct option among the
following:
(i) Mycoplasma
(ii) Ostrich eggs
(iii) Human RBCs
(iv) Bacteria
(a) (i), (iv), (iii), (ii) (b) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
1/9
Q11. Which of the following statements is not true for plasma membrane?
(a) It is present in both plant and animal cell.
(b) Lipid is present as bilayer in it. .
(c) Proteins are present integrated as well as loosely associated with the
2/9
Q12. Plastids differ from mitochondria on the basis of following features? Mark
the right answer.
(a) Presence of two layers of membrane
(b) Presence of ribosome
(c) Presence of thylakoids
(d) Presence of DNA
Ans: (c) Thylakoids are present in plastids but not in mitochondria. Both plastids and
mitochondria are similar in presence of two layers of membrane, presence of ribosome
and presence of DNA.
Q6. Give the biochemical composition of plasma membrane. How are lipid
molecules arranged in the membrane?
Ans: The detailed structure of the membrane was studied only after the advent of the
electron microscope in the 1950s. Meanwhile, chemical studies on the cell membrane,
especially in human red blood cells (RBCs), enabled the scientists to deduce the possible
structure of plasma membrane. These studies showed that the cell membrane is
composed of lipids that are arranged in a bilayer. Also, the lipids are arranged within
the membrane with the polar head towards the outer sides and the hydrophobic tails
towards the inner part. This ensures that the nonpolar tail of saturated hydrocarbons is
protected from the aqueous environment. The lipid component of the membrane
mainly consists of phosphoglycerides. Later, biochemical investigation clearly revealed
that the cell membranes also possess protein and carbohydrate. The ratio of protein and
lipid varies considerably in different cell types. In human beings, the membrane of the
erythrocyte has approximately 52 per cent protein and 40 per cent lipids.
Q4. Structure and function are correlatable in living organisms. Can you
justify this by taking plasma membrane as an example?
Ans: The shape of the cell may vary with the function they perform. For example, RBCs
are round and biconcave to pass through capillaries and carry more Oz. WBCs are
amoeboid to do phagocytosis and diapedesis.
The quasi-fluid nature of lipid enables lateral movement of proteins within the overall
6/9
Q6. The genomic content of the nucleus is constant for a given species
whereas the extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the
members of a population. Explain.
Ans: The genomic content of the nucleus is constant for a given species whereas the
extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the members of a population.
For humans (Homo sapiens) the genomic content of the nucleus is constant, i.e. 46
chromosomes. But extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the members
of the population like different humans have different amount of extra chromosomal
DNA in their mitochondria.
Q7. Justify the statement, “Mitochondria are power houses of the cell”.
Ans: Each mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound structure with the outer
membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into two aqueous
compartments, i.e. the outer compartment and the inner compartment. The inner
compartment is called the matrix. The outer membrane forms the continuous limiting
boundary of the organelle. The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the
cristae (sing.: crista) towards the matrix. The cristae increase the surface area. The two
membranes have their own specific enzymes associated with the mitochondrial
function. Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration. They produce cellular energy
in the form of ATP, hence they are called ‘power houses’ of the cell.
Q8. Is there a species specific or region specific type of plastids? How does
one distinguish one from the other?
Ans: Yes, plastids are species specific or region specific. Plastids are found in all plant
cells and in euglenoids. These are easily observed under the microscope as they are
large. They bear some specific pigments, thus imparting specific colours to the plants.
Based on the type of pigments plastids can be classified into chloroplasts, chromoplasts
and leucoplasts. The chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments which
are responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis. In the
chromoplasts fat soluble carotenoid pigments like carotene, xanthophylls and others
are present. This
7/9
We hope the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Chapter 8 Cell The Unit of Life help
you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Chapter 8 Cell
The Unit of Life, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.
8/9