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CHAPTER 1: FUNCTION

1.1 Relations

Set X is known as the domain of the function

(Domain = 5, 7) and set Y is known as the codomain
of the function (Codomain = 2, 3, 9).
The object of 9 is 5 and the image of 7 is 2. The
range for this function is 2 and 9.

⭐ Types of Relation
One-to-one relation

One-to-many relation

Many-to-one relation
 Many-to-many relation

1.2 Functions

Only one-to-one and many-to-one relations are

functions.

SPM TIPS! 💡
Range represents the y-axis and domain
represents the x-axis in a graph.

E.g.
Find the object of 2, given that f(x)=2x +4
Ans:
f(x) = 2 (given image = 2)
2x + 4 = 2
x = -1

SPM TIPS! 💡
If there is a | | means the number in between the |
| must be positive as it is a modulus. E.g. | -4 | = 4

1.3 Composite Functions

There are two ways to solve a composite function.

1) Finding the first function.
Given g(x) = x - 1 and fg(x) = 5x -3, find f(x). [f(x) is
the first function in fg(x)]
fg(x) = 5x - 3
Sub g(x)
f(x - 1) = 5x - 3
Let y = x - 1, x = y + 1
Sub inside
f(y) = 5(y + 1) - 3
= 5y + 5 - 3
= 5y + 2
= 5x + 2

2) Finding the second function.

Given f(x) = x + 4 and fh(x) = 2x + 8, find h(x). [h(x)
is the second function in fh(x)]
f(x) = x + 4
Sub x as h(x)fh(x) = h(x) + 4
Sub fh(x)
2x + 8 = h(x) + 4
h(x) = 2x + 4

1.4 Inverse Functions

Inverse function is super easy just let the function =
y.

Here’s an example:
5
Find inverse function of f(x) = 𝑥−3
, x ≠3
5
Let y = 𝑥−3
5 = yx - 3y
5 = y(x - 3)
5
𝑦
= (x - 3)
5
x= 𝑦
+3
−1 5
𝑓 (y) = 𝑦
+3
−1 5
𝑓 (x) = 𝑥
+ 3, x ≠ 0

5
Find inverse function of f(x) = 𝑥−3
, x ≠3
5
Let y = 𝑥−3
5 = yx - 3y
5 = y(x - 3)
5
𝑦
= (x - 3)
5
x= 𝑦
+3
−1 5
𝑓 (y) = 𝑦
+3
 −1 5
𝑓 (x) = 𝑥
+ 3, x ≠ 0

END OF CHAPTER 1