Sample Question Paper 15(Detailed Solutions)
1. (b) Set up (b) is the most appropriate for evolution of
hydrogen gas and its identification.
Zn(s) + 2 NaOH(aq ) → Na 2ZnO 2(aq) + H 2↑(g )
Zinc Sodium hydroxide Sodium zincate Hydrogen gas
To test the evolution of hydrogen gas properly,
delivery tube should not dip in the solution.
2. (a) O 2 contains a double bond between it’s atoms.
The structures of given compounds are
(a) O 2 ⇒ O == O (b) N 2 ⇒ N ≡≡ N
H • •
| •O•
(c) CH 4 ⇒ H C H (d) H 2O ⇒
| H
H indirectly on the for food.
3. (d) When metal carbonate reacts with dil. HCl, it
produces salt, carbon dioxide and water.
Metal carbonate + dil. HCl→ Salt + CO 2 + H 2O
So, (i) and (iii) are correct combination among
others.
4. (c) The elements B, C and D were discarded for
usage by the company because for making
utensils, the element should be malleable, ductile,
lustrous and should have high melting point.
So, these properties were only seen in elements A.
So, rest of others were discarded.
5. (c) It is not necessary for a homologous series that it
must contain the double bond.
6. (d) Metals when react with the oxygen give
basic-oxides/amphoteric oxide. ZnO is an
amphoteric oxide.
Option (b) and (c) indicates that, ZnO reacts with the
acid (H 2SO 4 ) as well as with the base (NaOH).
Hence, (b) and (c) both shows the amphoteric
nature of oxide.
7. (b) The solutions of copper sulphate and ferrous
sulphate are blue and green in colour, respectively.
8. (c) Decomposers are present at the final level in a
food web. They breakdown dead and decaying
organic matter (plants and animals) and convert into
nutrients into the soil. They naturally increases the
decomposition process and therefore used in
natural composting. (1)
9. (a) Male gamete travels through a pollen tube which
is formed by germination of pollen grain after falling
on stigma. This tube grows from stigma down the
into the ovule. (1)
10. (a) P and Q food items will partly digested in the
stomach because the protein digesting enzyme
pepsin is present in stomach, which gets activated in
the presence of HCl. (1)
11. (d) Option (d) is correct labelled part with its
functions/characteristics.
D is filament, it lifts anther to disperse pollen grains.
Other options are incorrect labelled parts with their
functions/characteristics and can be corrected as
A is anther, it is a site of pollen formation.
B is style, it lifts stigma to receive pollen.
C is ovary, it contains ovule which develops into
seeds while ovary forms the fruit.
12. (c) C carryout photosynthesis to produce
carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water using
solar energy trapped by chlorophyll. All other living
H organisms in the food web depend either directly or
13. (a) The maximum resistance is obtained when
resistors are connected in series combination.
Thus, equivalent resistance.
Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4
1 1 1 1
= + + + =2 Ω
2 2 2 2
14. (b) The deflection of the needle of galvanometer
indicates that there is a production of electric current
due to magnetism.
Hence, the phenomenon associated with this is
electromagnetic induction.
15. (b) At the axonal end, the electrical impulse
releases small amount of chemical substance
(i.e., acetycholine) into the synapse.
16. (c) Variations are not responsible for the maintenance
of body design features. Rest others are outcome of
variations present in a population.
17. (a) When ethanol is heated with conc. sulphuric acid
[H 2SO 4 ] at 443 K, dehydration takes place and
ethene is obtained. In this, conc. H 2SO 4 acts as a
dehydrating agent.
18. (b) (A) and (R) is true, but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A). It can be explained as:
In the given food chain (Grass → Goat → Tiger), if the
goat goes missing, then the population of tigers
would decrease as they will not get food (goat) and
the population of grass (producers) will increase as it
will not be eaten up by the goats.
19. (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false, and it can be corrected
as Father can transfer X or Y chromosome while
mother transfers only X-chromosomes, If the sperm
inherit Y chromosome, the offspring will be male and
if the sperm inherit X-chromosome then, offspring will
be female as shown.
 Therefore, from III observation, radius of
Parents XX XY
Mother Father curvature R = 30 cm.
Then, focal length,
X X X Y f = R / 2 = 30 / 2 = 15 cm (1)
(b) Last observation is incorrect because when an
object is placed at a distance less than 15 cm
Offspring away from convex lens, we will have virtual
XX XY XX XY
Female Male Female Male image, which cannot be taken on screen. (1)
Or
20. (d) Focal length is the properly of mirror and is Given, power, P = 1500 W,
independent of the medium in which it is placed.
voltage, V = 250 V
21. Ammonia readily dissolves in water forming
∴ Electric current drawn,
ammonium hydroxide. This compound further
ionises to give hydroxyl (OH − ) ions in the solution. P 1500
I= = = 6A
Due to this reason, ammonia is considered a base. V 250
Thus, the solution of ammonia is basic. (1) ∴ Energy consumed,
An acid molecule dissociates in water to produce H + E = Power × Time
ions and corresponding anions A– . These free ions = 1500 × 50 [Q t = 50 h]
carry the electrical charge from one place to other, = 75000 Wh= 75 kWh
hence they conduct electricity. (1)
[Q 1 kW = 1000 W]
22. Sewage usually contains organic substances.
= 75 unit [Q 1 unit = 1 kWh]
The decomposition of these substances by
decomposers increase nitrogenous compounds in Q Cost of energy consumed = 75 × 6 = ` 450 (2)
water. (2) 25. Iris of an eye is equivalent to the diaphragm in a
23. (a) Petals are usually brightly coloured because camera.
they attract pollinators-like insects. Flowers Retina is equivalent to a photographic plate in a
have scented and bright coloured petals, which camera. (2)
facilitate cross-pollination. 26. Tropic Movement It is directional paratonic growth
(b) Scrotum remains outside the body of human movement of curvature in which direction of
males because sperm formation requires a movement is determined by the direction of the
lower temperature than the normal body stimulus. They mostly occur in cylindrical organs.
temperature. Normal body tempeature does not Growth response occurs due to differences in the
allow maturation of sperms. Therefore, the distribution of auxin.
scrotal sac is suspended outside the body. (2) e.g. On unidirectional exposure to light, shoots bend
Or away from the source of light (negative
Rhizopus reproduces by spore formation method phototropism). (2)
l
It is a method of asexual reproduction. 27. (a) The metal ‘X’ is copper (Cu) and the process
l
Spore are produced in a structure called involved is corrosion.
sporangium. The nucleus divides several (b) Green coating formed is basic copper
times within the sporangium and each nucleus carbonate, i.e. CuCO 3 ⋅ Cu(OH)2.
with bit of cytoplasm, develops into a spore. (c) Two important methods to prevent the process
Sporangium Spores are painting and galvanising. (1 × 3)

28. Dry litmus paper - no action

Sporangiophores Moist litmus paper - becomes red
(erect hypha)
S + O 2 → SO 2
Stolon (Sulphur) Sulphur dioxide

SO 2 + H 2O → H 2SO 3 (3)
Rhizoids (Sulphurous acid)
(2)
Or
24. (a) We know that, when object is placed at 2F, the The metals placed lower in the reactivity series are
distance of an object from lens is equal to the
less reactive towards water. Sodium metal placed
distance of image from lens.
 above aluminium reacts with water to form sodium (b)
oxide which further dissolves in water to give sodium Uniform magnetic field Non-uniform magnetic field
hydroxide solution, whereas aluminium reacts with
oxygen to form aluminium oxide which does not
dissolve in water to form aluminium hydroxide. (3)
29. Three uses of plant waste materials are as follows S N
N N S
(a) Plants like oak store their excretory products as + –

tannin in trunk which is used in treatment of K –

+
leather. (1)
Magnetic field lines of Magnetic field lines
(b) Essential oils excreted by plants like
force due to a current due to a current
sandalwood oil, olive oil, Eucalyptus oil, etc. carrying solenoid through a circular loop
are widely used in household purposes. (1)
(2)
(c) Gums from plants are widely used to make
adhesives. (1) For getting the maximum marks,
(d) Digestion starts from the mouth where salivary following value points can be
included in the answer.
glands are present. Salivary glands produce
Value Points Understand of magnetic field.
amylase which breaks down starch into simple ä

sugars. So, amylase is the first enzyme to mix ä Magnetic field lines with type and
with food in the digestive tract. (1) diagram.

30. (a) When lenses of power +10 D and − 20 D are 32. (a) The circuit shown below has resistance
taken. connected in series combination
Total power, P = +10 − 20 = −10 D 1Ω 2Ω
[Q P = P1 + P2 ]
100
∴ Total focal length, f = = − 10 cm
−10 6V
+ –
 100 
Q f (in cm) = P  V 6
(1)
Current in the circuit, I = = =2A
(b) When lenses of 10 D and − 5 D are taken. R1 + R2 3
Total power, P = 10 − 5 = 5 D ∴ Power used = I 2R = 2 2 × 2 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 W (11 )
2
100
∴ Total focal length,f = = 20 cm (b) The circuit is shown as below
5 (1)
In parallel combination, potential across each
(c) The combined power of all the lenses is given by
resistor is same and equal to the potential applied
P = P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 to the circuit.
= 5 + (−5) + 10 + (− 10 ) + (− 20 ) 12 Ω
= − 20 D
100 100 2Ω
∴ f = = = − 5 cm
P −20
4V
∴ f = − 5 cm + –
As, focal length of combined lens is negative.
Hence, it is a concave lens. (1) Potential across 2 Ω resistor, V = 4 V
V2 4 × 4
Common It’s important to properly consider the Power used, = = 8W
R 2
Mistake sum of powers and select the correct
pair of lenses that will result in the Power used in both the cases is same. (11 2)
desired combined focal length. 33. Voluntary actions The actions which are controlled by
our will power, i.e. are under the control of the brain are
31. (a) If the current is increased, then the deflection in called voluntary actions. These actions show/give
the compass also increases. different responses at different times, e.g. moving hand
This is because the magnetic field is directly or leg, dancing, writing, etc. (1½)
proportional to the magnitude of current passing Involuntary actions The actions which occur
through the wire. Thus, more the magnetic field, automatically and are not under the control of one’s will
greater would be the deflection in compass. (1) are called involuntary actions. These actions are meant
for controlling and coordinating the functioning of
 internal organs, e.g. regular beating of heart breathing, they produce two types of sex-chromosome,
blinking of eyelids, etc. (1½) i.e. (22 + X ) and (22 + Y ).
The two types of chromosomes are formed in
34. (a) In a decomposition reaction, single reactant breaks
equal proportion. It is a chance factor that
down to produce two or more products, whereas in a
(22 + X ) fuse with the ovum produced and she
combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to
gives birth to female child. The same chance is
give a single product. Thus, these reactions are
possible for second and even the third time.
supposed to be opposite of each other, e.g.
For the sex of child, only the father is
(i) 2H 2 + O 2 → 2H 2O
Hydrogen Oxygen (Combination) Water
responsible.
(Electric current (b) Dihybrid cross When cross between two
or electrolyte) varieties having two contrasting characters
2H 2O → 2H 2 + O2
Water
(Decomposition)
Hydrogen Oxygen takes place, then it is called dihybrid cross. In
F1-generation, on the basis of law of
(ii) CaCO 3 + H 2O + CO 2 → Ca(HCO 3 )2 dominance, only dominant characters
Calcium (Combination) Calcium hydrogen appear. During gamete formation genes of
carbonate carbonate
contrasting characters separate and only one
∆
Ca(HCO 3 )2 → CaCO 3 + H 2O + CO 2 gene enters each gamete. On
(Decomposition) self-fertilisation, the F1-generation develops
(3)
(b) X is potassium (K). F2-generation in which
Potassium being soft can be cut with a knife and 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 phenotypic ratio appears. In
being lighter than water hence, it will float at the F2-generation, new combination also
surface. The heat produced during reaction with develops. (2)
water will melt it. (2) Green
Yellow round
Parents wrinkled Parent
Or YYRR
yyrr
P1
Metals are found in both free and combined states. Gametes
YR yr
Reaction of metals with oxygen All metals combine
with oxygen at different rates to form metal oxides, e.g. Yellow
sodium forms sodium oxide at room temperature on round
YyRr Self-fertilisation
reacting with oxygen.
4 Na + O 2 → 2Na 2O + Gametes
But copper forms copper oxide when it is heated in the
presence of air. YR YR F2-generation

∆
2Cu + O 2 → 2CuO (2) Yr YYRR Yr
yellow
Reaction of metals with water Metals like sodium react round
with cold water, magnesium with hot water to form their yR YYRr YYRr yR
yellow yellow
hydroxides and evolve hydrogen gas. But iron reacts with round
round
steam to form oxides and evolve hydrogen gas.. yr YyRR YYrr YyRR yr
yellow yellow yellow
2Na(s) + 2H 2O(l ) → 2NaOH(aq ) + H 2(g ) round wrinkled round
YyRr YyrR YyRr YyRr
Mg(s) + 2H 2O(l ) → Mg(OH)2(aq ) + H 2(g ) yellow yellow yellow yellow
round round round
3Fe(l ) + 4H 2O(l ) → Fe 3O 4(s) + 4H 2(g ) (2) Yyrr
round
Yyrr
yyRR
yellow green yellow
Reaction of metals with acids Metals react with acids to wrinkled wrinkled
round
form salt and evolve hydrogen gas. yyRr yyRr
green green
e.g. Magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to round round
form magnesium chloride and evolve H 2. yyrr
green
Mg (s) +2HCl (aq ) → MgCl 2 (aq ) + H 2(g ) ↑ (1) wrinkled

35. (a) We can convince Kalawati by telling her that sex of a

child is determined by the sperm which carries Dihybrid cross : Phenotypic ratio
gametes from the father. Women are homogametic, = 9: 3: 3: 3:1
i.e. they produce only one type of sex-chromosome, Yellow round 9 : Yellow wrinkled 3
i.e. chromosome (22 + X ). Males are heterogametic, Green round 3 : Green wrinkled 1 (3)
 Or
(a) In asexual reproduction, the offsprings are almost
identical to the parents because they have the
same genes as of their parents. In sexual Magnetic field
reproduction, the mixing of genes of father and Current
mother in various different combinations, results
the offsprings having genetic variations. Sexual 37. (a) Covalent bonding is present between carbon-
reproduction promotes diversity of characters in carbon atoms. It takes place by sharing of
the offsprings by providing genetic variation, electrons. e.g. C 2H 6, C 3H 8. (2)
whereas the genetic diversity is not possible in
(b) Catenation and tetravalency of carbon atom is
asexual reproduction. (2½)
majorly responsible for forming maximum
(b) The following are the causes of variations number of compounds. (2)
(i) Dual percentage–offsprings inherit some
features from father and some from mother, For getting maximum marks, given
therefore, no offspring will exactly be same or value points must be included in the
resemble either of the parent or each other. answer
Value Point Give example of covalent compounds
(ii) Mutation in the gene or chromosomal pattern
along with the bond formed between
also causes variations. (2½)
carbon-carbon atoms.
36. (a) Effective resistance,
R = P + Q = 5 + 10 = 15 Ω
Or
Current, I = 1. 2 A
Carbon has four valence electrons in its
V = IR = 1. 2 × 15 = 18 V outermost shell. It attains a stable electronic
∴ Voltmeter reading = 18 V (1) configuration by sharing its four electrons with
(b) Let resistance be R. Potential difference V across other atoms. (2)
the two ends becomes V / 2. Since, I = V / R 38. (a) On the basis of flower position A represents axial
V 1 position B represents terminal position. (1)
As, V = V / 2, I = = I
2R 2 (b) The axial position is linked with dominant trait.
In other words, current through the component While the terminal position is linked with
becomes half of its original value. (2) recessive trait.
(c) If the potential difference between two points is 1 V, As the axial flower phenotype will be expressed
it means that if a charge of 1C is moved from one even in the presence of another allele of that
point to the other, then 1 J of work is done. gene. (1)
The potential difference across a conductor is (c) When
measured by an instrument known as voltmeter.(2) Axial position Terminal position
Or AA × aa
(a) According to right hand thumb rule, the magnetic A a F1-generation
field produced by PQ at point R is into the plane of the
paper and at point S is out of the plane of paper. (1) On selfing in F2-generation, we get
(b) If the polarity of the battery is reversed, the current will A a
be going from top to bottom in the wire and the
A AA Aa
magnetic field lines will now be in the clockwise
direction on the plane which is perpendicular to the a Aa aa
wire carrying current. (2) AA : Aa : Aa : aa F2-generation
(c) Maxwell's right hand thumb rule is used to find the Phenotype Axial Axial Axial Terminal
direction of the magnetic field for a straight current
Genotype 3 : 1 (2)
carrying conductor.
The genotype in F2-generation will be 3 : 1.
This law states that, if you hold the current carrying
straight wire in the grip of your right hand in such a Or
way that the stretched thumb points in the direction of When tall plant with axial flower (TTAA) is
current, then the direction of the curl of the fingers will crossed with dwarf plant 2 terminal flower
give the direction of the magnetic field. (2) (ttaa) we get.
 Parents TTAA × ttaa 39. (a) The magnification of a magnifying glass
depends upon whether it is placed between
the user’s eye and the object being viewed and
TA ta Gametes total distance between them. (1)
(b) A convex lens with smaller focal length would act
TtAa F1-generation as a better magnifier. So, a convex lens of focal
(Tall Axial) length 5 cm is used in the given case. (1)
× (c) Given, m = − 2, h2 = − 6 cm
h
F1 F1 ∴ Magnification, m = 2
h1
Ratio
F2-generation Tall axial 9 −6
⇒ −2 = ⇒ h1 = 3 cm
Tall terminal 3 h1 (2)
Tall axial 3 Or
Tall axial 1 Clay can never be transparent, so it cannot be
used to make lens. (2)
Genotype = 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Water and glass are transparent materials,
The genotype in F2-generation will be 9 : 3 : 3 : 1. (2) which can be used to make lens.