Chapter III

Research Methodology

Research Design

For the researchers to find answer to the above-stated research problems, this

study employed qualitative research design particularly phenomenology.

Phenomenology is a type of approach that aims to learn more about people’s lived

experiences. Phenomenology approach was used to study the factors that affect the

student’s academic failure and its effect to their academic performance, since it dealt with

human experiences such as failure of students.

Sampling Procedure

To be able to identify the respondents of this research study, the researchers used

purposive sampling. Purposive sampling is also known as judgmental, selective, or

subjective sampling. It is a form of non-probability sampling in which the researchers

rely on their own judgment when choosing members of the population to participate in

their surveys. Through the purposive sampling, the researchers decided to list all the

students of Grade 11 in the Information and Communication Technology strand which

consists of 15 students enrolled in Sta. Clara High School Second Semester of the School

Year 2022-2023.

Data Gathering Instruments

According to Harpen et. al. (2018), a semi- structured interview is a type of

qualitative research method that allows for a balance between open-ended questions and
some level of structure. This type of interview involves a set of pre-determined questions

or topics but the interviewer may also ask follow-up question based on the participants’

responses.

The researcher’s interview has 4 main questions and 8 follow-up questions. In the

researchers interview questions, the researchers asked their research problem and it is to

identify the internal and external organizational factors that affects the students’

academic failure and its effect on their academic performance.

Data Gathering Procedure

In collecting the data needed for this study, the researchers first crafted a

communication letter to the respondents’ adviser for approval. Afterwards, the

researchers prepared a set of questions and for them to get additional or specific answers

from the respondents, they asked follow-up questions. Then, they conducted a semi-

structured interview to gather the factors affecting the Grade 11-ICT students’ academic

failure and its effect to their academic performance. Lastly, the data gathered were

analyzed and interpreted thoroughly by the researchers.

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