Phys 118 Formula Sheet 2018W

Constants:

c = 3.00 ´ 108 m/s 𝑁! = 6.02 ∙ 10"# 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 $% 𝜇& = 4π ∙ 10$' 𝑇𝑚/𝐴

%
e = 1.60 ´ 10-19 C 𝑘( = )*+ = 8.99 ∙ 10, 𝑁𝑚" ⁄𝐶 " 𝜖& = 8.85 ∙ 10$%" 𝐶 " ⁄𝑁 𝑚" 𝑜𝑟 𝐹 ⁄𝑚
!

Charges, Force and Field

𝑄 = 𝑁- 𝑒 − 𝑁( 𝑒
. . ⃗
0 34 (6,8,9) .
𝐹⃗%" = 𝑘( /"# # 𝑟̂%" 𝐸B⃗ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) ≡ $% ' . 𝐸B⃗-;<=4 >?3/@( = 𝑘( / # 𝑟̂
"#

% "|C| 9D J 9
𝐸A<=( = )*+ J𝐸/<=@ K9 = ( 𝐸G<HI = " + L1 − √E# M
! 8 )*+! (E # F9 # ) )# ! F9 #

Charge densities:
D D D D
𝜆= L
𝜂=! 𝜌=M 𝐸>3-3><4;/ = +
!!

Dipoles:

𝜏⃗ = 𝑝⃗ × 𝐸B⃗ 𝜏 = 𝑞 𝑠 𝐸 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑝=𝑞𝑠

Gauss’s Law:
D*%
∮ 𝐸B⃗ ∙ 𝑑𝐴⃗ = +!
Dot product: 𝐴⃗ ∙ 𝐵
B⃗ = 𝐴 𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

Potential and Potential Energy

Work done: Electric Potential Energy:
/
𝑊 = ∫/ + 𝐹⃗ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃗ (general) 𝑊 = 𝑞𝐸B⃗ ∙ ∆𝑟⃗ (uniform field) 𝑊(A = −∆𝑈(A = −(𝑈N − 𝑈< )
*

Potential Energy, two point charges: Three point charges:

." .# q1q 2 qq qq
𝑈(A = 𝐾 /
U =K +K 1 3 +K 2 3
r12 r13 r23

Potential difference: of a uniform field: Potential of a point charge:

∆P .
∆𝑉 = .!
|∆𝑉| = 𝐸 𝑙 𝑉 =𝐾/

N GM
∆𝑉 = − ∫< 𝐸B⃗ ∙ 𝑑𝑙⃗ 𝐸A = − ∆𝑉A;;- = 0
GA

Parallel-plate Capacitor:
Q2 1
= C (DV )
+! ! 2
𝑄 = 𝐶 ∙ ∆𝑉 𝐶= G
∆𝑉Q = 𝐸𝑑 UC =
2C 2
Current and Resistance:
GD R
𝐼≡ G4
𝐽=! 𝐽 = 𝜎 𝐸 = 𝐸/r

% % % %
𝑅(. = 𝑅% + 𝑅" + 𝑅# + ⋯ (series resistors) E (.
= E + E + E + ⋯ (𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠)
% " #

Loop rule: ∆𝑉A;;- = 0 Junction rule: ∑ 𝑰𝒊𝒏 = ∑ 𝑰𝒐𝒖𝒕

Discharging a Capacitor: Charging a Capacitor:

Magnetism:

𝐹⃗& = 𝑞𝑣⃗ × 𝐵
+⃗ 𝐹& = 𝑞𝑣𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
ST # % .
Cyclotron motion: 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 → 𝑞𝑣𝐵 = /
𝑓> = "* S 𝐵

Magnetic force on a wire: 𝐹⃗U = 𝐼𝐿

B⃗ × 𝐵
B⃗

B⃗-;<=4 >?3/@( = V! .TW⃗×/̂

Magnetic fields: 𝐵 !
𝐵Z</( = "*E
V R
)* / #

µ0 I +⃗ Magnetic moment: 𝜇⃗ = 𝐼𝐴⃗

Current loops: Bcentre of loop = Torque on current loop: 𝜏⃗ = 𝜇⃗ × 𝐵
2 R ! !
dF m
[ e= with F m = ò B • dA
𝐵H;A(=;<G = 𝜇& L 𝐼 = 𝜇& 𝑛𝐼 Faraday’s law dt loop area

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity:

1 u = 1.661x10-27 kg 1 u º 931.5 MeV/c2 1 𝑒𝑉 = 1.6 × 10$%, 𝐽

1 𝐶𝑖 = 3.7 × 10%& 𝐵𝑞
%\
𝑟 = 𝑟& 𝐴 # 𝑟& = 1.2 × 10$%] 𝑚
𝐵 + 𝑚=^> 𝑐 " = (𝑍 𝑚- + 𝑁 𝑚= )𝑐 "

𝑚=^> = 𝑚34;S − 𝑍𝑚(

∆𝐸 = ∆𝑚 𝑐 "
,
% ,
𝑁(𝑡) = 𝑁& 𝑒 $C4 𝑁(𝑡) = 𝑁& y"z "⁄#

𝐴(𝑡) = 𝜆𝑁(𝑡)
A=" `./0
𝑡%/" = 𝜏 𝑙𝑛2 = C
𝐷(NN = S
∙ 𝑅𝐵𝐸