KIRAN P

B180894EE
S7 EEE
A Batch
EXPERIMENT NO: 4
SINGLE PHASE HALF WAVE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER
AIM
1. To design and simulate a single phase half wave controlled rectifier:
a. To feed a resistor load.
b. To feed an RL load.
2. To plot the following waveforms:
• Pulse given to the SCR – Current waveform.
• Input voltage and current.
• Output voltage and current.
• Voltage across the SCR.
• Voltage across R and L in the case of RL load
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
Name Specifications Quantity
SCR – S4035K 400V, 35A 1
1.4238Ω 1
Resistors
2Ω 1
Inductor 0.015024H 1
0 – 325.27V 1
Voltage source
0 – 7V 1

THEORY
Single phase half wave controlled rectifier, as the name suggests, is a rectifier
circuit which converts AC input into DC output only for positive half cycle of
the AC input supply. The word “controlled” means that, we can change the
starting point of load current by controlling the firing angle of SCR.
Some equations associated with this rectifier are:
For R load:
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜(ⅆ𝑐) = (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼)
2𝜋
𝛼
𝑇𝑜𝑛 = × 𝑇𝑠
360
1∕2
𝑉𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝛼
𝑉𝑂(𝑅𝑀𝑆) = ((𝜋 − 𝛼) + )
2 √𝜋 2
For RL load:
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜(ⅆ𝑐) = (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛽)
2𝜋
𝑅
(𝛽−𝛼)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛽 − 𝜙) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙)ⅇ −𝜔𝐿
𝜔𝐿
𝜙 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑅

1. R load:
CALCULATIONS
10+𝑆
Required output voltage, 𝑉𝑜(ⅆ𝑐) = × 𝑉𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒ⅆ
100
𝑆 = 8 + 9 + 4 = 21 ⇒ 2 + 1 = 3
13
𝑉𝑜 = × 230 = 29.9 V
100
Triggering angle:
𝑉𝑚
𝑉0(ⅆ𝐶) = (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼)
2𝜋
230√2
29.9 = (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼)
2𝜋
𝛼 = 114.98°
Delay time:
𝛼
𝑇ⅆ𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦 = × 𝑇𝑜𝑛
360
114.98
= × 20𝑚𝑠
360
 = 6.387𝑚𝑠

Load resistance:
Rated current = 35 A
60% of rated current = 21 A
𝑉0(ⅆ𝐶)
𝐼0(ⅆ𝐶) =
𝑅
29.9
𝑅= = 1.4238𝛺
21
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Average value of the output voltage as seen from the graphs = 27.952 V
RMS value of the output voltage = 76.098V
GRAPHS
 2. RL Load
CALCULATIONS
Required output voltage = 29.9 V
Triggering angle:
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜(ⅆ𝑐) = (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛽)
2𝜋
𝛽 =𝜋+𝛼
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜(ⅆ𝑐) = × 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼
2𝜋
𝛼 = 73.214°
𝛽 = 253.214°
Delay time:
𝛼
𝑇ⅆ𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦 = × 20𝑚𝑠
360
= 4.067𝑚𝑠
Inductance:
𝑅
(𝛽−𝛼)
sin(𝛽 − 𝜙) = sin(𝛼 − 𝜙)ⅇ −𝜔𝐿
𝑅
− (𝛽−𝛼)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜋 + 𝛼 − 𝜙) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙)ⅇ 𝜔𝐿

𝑅
(𝛽−𝛼)
− 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙)ⅇ −𝜔𝐿
−𝑅
(𝛽−𝛼)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙) (1 + ⅇ 𝜔𝐿 )=0
𝑅
(𝛽−𝛼)
1 + ⅇ −𝜔𝐿 ≠0
∴ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝜙) = 0
𝛼 − 𝜙 = 𝑛𝜋
𝑛 = 0
𝛼 = 𝜙
𝜔𝐿
𝜙 = tan−1
𝑅
𝐿 = 0.015024 𝐻
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

GRAPHS
Average value of the output voltage as seen from the graphs = 28.745 V
RMS value of the output voltage = 45.549 V

RESULT
The given SCR was used to design a half bridge rectifier fed to resistive and RL
load. The output matched the specifications within a certain degree of error.